CINXE.COM
Language skills - Newspaper - DAWN.COM
<!DOCTYPE html> <!--[if lt IE 7]> <html lang="en" class="ie ie6 lte9 lte8 lte7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 7]> <html lang="en" class="ie ie7 lte9 lte8 lte7"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 8]> <html lang="en" class="ie ie8 lte9 lte8"> <![endif]--> <!--[if IE 9]> <html lang="en" class="ie ie9 lte9"> <![endif]--> <!--[if gt IE 9]> <html lang="en"> <![endif]--> <!--[if !IE]><!--> <html lang="en"> <!--<![endif]--> <head><script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/bundle-playback.js?v=7YQSqjSh" charset="utf-8"></script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/wombat.js?v=txqj7nKC" charset="utf-8"></script> <script>window.RufflePlayer=window.RufflePlayer||{};window.RufflePlayer.config={"autoplay":"on","unmuteOverlay":"hidden"};</script> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/js/ruffle/ruffle.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> __wm.init("https://web.archive.org/web"); __wm.wombat("https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692/language-skills","20180221021857","https://web.archive.org/","web","https://web-static.archive.org/_static/", "1519179537"); </script> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/banner-styles.css?v=p7PEIJWi" /> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="https://web-static.archive.org/_static/css/iconochive.css?v=3PDvdIFv" /> <!-- End Wayback Rewrite JS Include --> <!-- meta --> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,minimum-scale=1,initial-scale=1"> <!--[if IE]> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /> <![endif]--> <title>Language skills - Newspaper - DAWN.COM</title> <meta name="subject" content="Your window to latest news, analysis and features from Pakistan, South Asia and the world."/> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="1383068068604634"/> <meta property="fb:pages" content="86398345441"/> <meta property="og:locale" content="en_US"/> <link rel="canonical" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692"/> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://i.dawn.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://ajax.googleapis.com/"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/"> <meta name="twitter:card" content="summary"/> <meta name="twitter:site" content="@dawn_com"/> <meta name="twitter:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692"/> <meta name="twitter:title" content="Language skills"/> <meta name="twitter:description" content="English plays a pivotal role in the software industry."/> <meta name="twitter:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/http://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c8526e0dfc.jpg"/> <meta property="og:site_name" content="DAWN.COM"/> <meta property="og:url" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692"/> <meta property="og:type" content="article"/> <meta property="og:title" content="Language skills"/> <meta property="og:description" content="English plays a pivotal role in the software industry."/> <meta property="og:image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/http://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c8526e0dfc.jpg"/> <meta itemprop="name" content="Language skills"/> <meta itemprop="description" content="English plays a pivotal role in the software industry."/> <meta itemprop="image" content="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/http://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c8526e0dfc.jpg"/> <meta property="article:publisher" content="https://www.dawn.com"/> <meta property="article:published_time" content="2018-02-21 02:55:41"/> <meta property="article:modified_time" content="2018-02-21 02:55:41"/> <meta property="article:author" content="https://www.dawn.com/authors/5535/waqas-younas"/> <meta property="article:section" itemprop="articleSection" content="newspaper"/> <meta name="author" content="Waqas Younas"/> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/http:\/\/schema.org","@type":"organization","logo":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.dawn.com\/_img\/logo.png","name":"DAWN.COM","url":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.dawn.com","sameAs":["https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/dawndotcom\/","https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/twitter.com\/dawn_com","https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/dawn_dot_com\/",""],"potentialAction":{"@type":"SearchAction","target":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.dawn.com\/search?cx=partner-pub-8258178831251847:5337004877&ie=UTF-8&q={search_term_string}","query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}} </script> <script type="application/ld+json"> {"@context": "https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://schema.org", "@type": "BreadcrumbList","itemListElement": [{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.dawn.com\/newspaper","name":"Newspaper"}},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"item":{"@id":"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20180221021857\/https:\/\/www.dawn.com\/column","name":"Column"}}]} </script> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/_css/print.20180217201308.css"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Playfair+Display:400,400i,700,700i,900"> <link rel="preload" as="style" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/_css/all.20180219174710.css"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.min.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/_js/all.20180217201308.js"> <link rel="preload" as="script" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/_js/prev-next-stories.20180217201308.js"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857cs_/https://www.dawn.com/_css/print.20180217201308.css" media="print"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857cs_/https://fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Playfair+Display:400,400i,700,700i,900" media="all"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857cs_/https://www.dawn.com/_css/all.20180219174710.css" media="all"> <!-- - - - - - - adsense:header start - - - - - - --> <script async="async" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://www.googletagservices.com/tag/js/gpt.js"></script> <script type="text/javascript"> var googletag = googletag || {}; googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; googleAdsSlots = []; googletag.cmd.push(function() { googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-ASA-DESKTOP-TOP', [[728,90],[970,90],[970,250]], 'div-gpt-ad-1510380105517-0').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-LB-728x90-BOTTOM', [728,90], 'div-gpt-ad-1509519280329-0').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-LB-MOBILE-728x90-BOTTOM', [728,90], 'div-gpt-ad-1455531878761-2').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-MREC-MOBILE-300x250-2', [300,250], 'div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-6').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-LB-728x90-MIDDLE', [728,90], 'div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-2').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-MREC-DESKTOP-300x250-TOP', [300,250], 'div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-3').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-FLIMSTRIP-300x600', [300,600], 'div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-8').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-MREC-MOBILE-300x250-TOP', [300,250], 'div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-4').addService(googletag.pubads())); googleAdsSlots.push(googletag.defineSlot('/1029551/DAWN-ASA-MOBILE-TOP', [[320,50],[728,90],[320,100]], 'div-gpt-ad-1518611317921-0').addService(googletag.pubads())); googletag.pubads().set("document_language", "en"); googletag.pubads().collapseEmptyDivs(); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('site', 'www.dawn.com'); googletag.pubads().setTargeting('category', ["Single Story","Newspaper"]); googletag.pubads().disableInitialLoad(); googletag.enableServices(); }); </script> <!-- - - - - - - adsense:header end - - - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:refresh slots - - - - --> <script type="text/javascript"> window.onload = function() { googletag.cmd.push(function() { function isEnabled(div) { if (!div) return false; var display = $(div).css('display'); var parent = $(div).parent(); if (display == 'none') return false; if (parent.is('body')) { return true; } else { return isEnabled(parent); } } var resetCorrelator = true; // issue #470 for (i = 0; i < googleAdsSlots.length; i++) { var slot = googleAdsSlots[i]; var id = slot.getSlotElementId(); var div = document.getElementById(id); if (isEnabled(div)) { googletag.pubads().refresh([slot], {changeCorrelator: resetCorrelator}); resetCorrelator = false; } } // http://stackoverflow.com/a/30935893 // https://developers.google.com/doubleclick-gpt/reference#googletag.events.SlotRenderEndedEvent // it is required as sometimes rendered ad is empty but rad adds width and height on the div // which doesn't allow the ad to collapse in this case googletag.pubads().addEventListener('slotRenderEnded', function(e) { var $renderedSlot = $('#' + e.slot.getSlotElementId()); if(e.isEmpty) { $renderedSlot.parents('.ad').attr("style", "display: none !important"); } else { // https://github.com/aleemb/dawn.com/issues/836 // multi dimension ads rad init, as we don't know which ad is rendered so // we get the dimensions of rendered ad and then configure it with rad var width = 0; var height = 0; var isMultidimensionalAd = $renderedSlot.parents('.ad').find('.rad--multi').length > 0; var isPriorityAd = $renderedSlot.parents('.ad').hasClass('ad--priority'); if(e.size.length) { width = e.size[0]; height = e.size[1]; } if (isMultidimensionalAd) { if (width && height) { $renderedSlot.css({width: width+'px', height: height+'px'}); $renderedSlot.closest('.js-ad').css({maxWidth: width+'px', maxHeight: height+'px'}); $renderedSlot.rad({allowBiggerSizing:'true'}); } } if (isPriorityAd) { if (width && height) { var onMouseOut = "javascript:this.style.overflow='hidden';" +"__adi=$(this).find('iframe').eq(0);" +"__adi.height(height);"; var onMouseOver = "javascript:this.style.overflow='visible';" +"__adi=$(this).find('iframe').eq(0);" +"__adi.contents().height();" // weird, adding this fixes Firefox expanding issue +"setTimeout(function(){__adi.height(__adi.contents().height() || height);}, 10);"; $renderedSlot.parents('.js-ad').attr('onMouseOver', onMouseOver); $renderedSlot.parents('.js-ad').attr('onMouseOut', onMouseOut); } } } }); }); } </script> <!-- - - - - end:refresh slots - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:onesignal link - - - - --> <link rel="manifest" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/manifest.json"> <!-- - - - - end:onesignal link - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:google - - - - --> <script type="text/javascript"> (function (i,s,o,g,r,a,m) {i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function () { (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-40396753-1', 'auto'); ga('set', 'dimension6', 'news/1390692'); ga('set', 'dimension1', 'Newspaper'); ga('set', 'dimension2', 'Column'); ga('set', 'dimension3', 'Waqas Younas-5535'); ga('set', 'dimension5', '2018-02-21 02:55:41'); ga('set', 'contentGroup1', 'Newspaper'); ga('set', 'contentGroup2', 'Waqas Younas'); ga('require', 'displayfeatures'); ga('send', 'pageview'); </script> <!-- - - - - end:google - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:chartbeat - - - - --> <script type="text/javascript">var _sf_startpt=(new Date()).getTime()</script> <!-- - - - - end:chartbeat - - - - --> <style> .adblock-alert { padding: 8px; background: #FFF; top: 0; left: 0; z-index: 202; display: none; position: absolute; } .adblocker-overlay { position: fixed; top: 0; left: 0; width: 100%; height: 100%; background: #000; opacity: 0.5; z-index: 999; } .adblocker-modal { position: fixed; background: #FFF; border: 2px solid #2F2F2F; left: 50%; top: 50%; width: 600px; height: 200px; margin-left: -300px; margin-top: -100px; overflow: hidden; z-index: 99999999; } .adblocker-modal__heading { background: #000; text-align: center; } .adblocker-modal__content { text-align: center; padding: 9px; margin: 9px; } .adblocker-modal__button { text-align: center; width: 100px; margin: 10px auto; background: #D2D2D2; cursor: pointer; padding: 5px; color: #F00; font-weight: bold; text-transform: uppercase; display: block; } .ie-alert { padding: 8px; background: #FFF; top: 0; left: 0; z-index: 3001; display: none; position: fixed; } .ie8 .ie-alert, .lte8 .ie-alert { display: block; } </style> <!--[if lt IE 9]> <script src="http://html5shim.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/html5.js"></script> <![endif]--> </head> <body class="article newspaper column newspaper-column template--default modifier--default theme--white adsonly single-story"> <header class="pb-2"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="px-2 mb-2 d-none d-sm-block"> <ul class="nav nav--network text-center size-two"> <li class="nav__item nav__item--epaper text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://epaper.dawn.com/">EPAPER</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--live-tv text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.dawnnews.tv/watch-live">LIVE TV</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--dawnnews-urdu text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.dawnnews.tv/">DAWNNEWS URDU</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--images text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://images.dawn.com/">Images</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--herald text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://herald.dawn.com/">Herald</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--aurora text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://aurora.dawn.com/">Aurora</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--cityfm89 text--400 "><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://cityfm89.com/">CityFM89</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--teeli text--400 "><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCkMdI0K-74jAjOmh5J5H97Q">Teeli</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--advertise text--400 "><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.dawn.com/advertise">Advertise</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--events text--400 "><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://educationexpo.dawn.com/">Events</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--supplements text--400 "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.dawn.com/events/supplements">Supplements</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--classifieds text--400 "><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://classifieds.dawn.com/">Classifieds</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--obituaries text--400 "><a target="_blank" class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://obituary.dawn.com/">Obituaries</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <!-- .container-fluid --> <div class="mx-2"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-3"> </div> <div class="col-sm-6 col-12"> <div class="mast text-center mx-2"> <a href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/" class=""> <h1 class="text-hide logo mx-auto my-4"> DAWN.COM </h1> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-3"> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container-fluid headroom"> <div class="px-2 border--ends clearfix"> <div class="float-left col-12 col-md-11"> <ul class="nav nav--primary nav--responsive nav--dawn-primary "> <li class="nav__item nav__item--home theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/">Home</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--latest-news theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/latest-news">Latest</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--psl2018 theme "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/trends/psl2018">PSL2018</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--pakistan theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--today-s-paper theme "><a class="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://epaper.dawn.com/">Today's Paper</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--opinion theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/opinion">Opinion</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--world theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/world">World</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--sport theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/sport">Sport</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--business theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/business">Business</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--magazines theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/magazines">Magazines</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--entertainment theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/entertainment">Culture</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--blogs theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/blogs">Blogs</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--tech theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/tech">Tech</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--popular theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/popular">Popular</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--multimedia theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/multimedia">Multimedia</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--newspaper theme active "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/newspaper">Archive</a></li> <li class="nav__item nav__item--in-depth theme "><a class="" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/in-depth">In Depth</a></li> </ul> </div> <ul class="nav nav--aside float-left py-1 col-1 d-none d-md-block"> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-right"> <button class="js-search search bald size-two text--gray transparent transparent--gray p-1"> <img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://www.dawn.com/_img/search.png" alt="Search Icon" width="15" title="Dawn Search"/><span class="d-none d-lg-inline-block">SEARCH</span> </button> </li> </ul> <div class="search-box text-center "> <form accept-charset="utf-8" class="form-vertical" method="GET" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/search"> <input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-8258178831251847:5337004877"> <input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="cof" value="FORID:10"> <input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <div class="form-group required"><input class="form-control search col-offset-2 col-8 p-1 theme mb-1" placeholder="Search" required id="q" type="text" name="q"></div></form></div> </div> </div></header> <div class="aux-content" style="overflow: hidden;"> <div class="adblocker-overlay" style="display: none;"></div> <div class="adblocker-modal" style="display: none;"> <h1 class="adblocker-modal__heading"><img src="/web/20180221021857im_/https://www.dawn.com/_img/logo--white.png" width="150" alt="Dawn Logo"/></h1> <div class="adblocker-modal__content"> <img src="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/thumbnail/2016/06/5757a76ba0f4b.png" alt="Alert Sign" width="20"/> Dear reader, online ads enable us to deliver the journalism you value. Please support us by taking a moment to <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1262907/adblock-instructions">turn off Adblock</a> on Dawn.com. </div> <button class="adblocker-modal__button"></button> </div> <div class="col-12 text-center adblock-alert"> <img src="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/thumbnail/2016/06/5757a76ba0f4b.png" alt="Alert Sign" width="20"/> Dear reader, online ads enable us to deliver the journalism you value. Please support us by taking a moment to <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1262907/adblock-instructions">turn off Adblock</a> on Dawn.com. </div><div class="col-12 text-center ie-alert"> <p><img src="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/thumbnail/2016/06/5757a76ba0f4b.png" alt="Alert Sign" width="20"/> Dear reader, please upgrade to the latest version of IE to have a better reading experience</p>. </div> <div class="container-fluid px-1 d-none pb-2 mb-4 d-sm-block"> <!--- 90 728 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad ad--priority" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:728px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:728px;padding-bottom:12.362637362637%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper rad--multi ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1510380105517-0" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:728px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1510380105517-0'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> <div class="container-fluid px-1 d-block pb-2 border--bottom mb-4 d-sm-none"> <!--- 90 728 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:728px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:728px;padding-bottom:12.362637362637%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper rad--multi ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1518611317921-0" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:728px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1518611317921-0'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> </div> <div class="main-wrapper"> <div class="container"> <div class="content"> <main class="px-sm-2 px-0"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12"> <article class="story"> <!-- box/social --> <!-- ******** template/header ******** --> <div class="template__header clearfix modifier--open px-1"> <!-- box/social --> <!-- box/title xxxlarge-border-bottom-mt:1-pb:3 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390692" class="story__title size-ten mt-1 pb-3 border--bottom"><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692/language-skills" class="story__link">Language skills</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" my-3 ml-sm-0 ml-1 d-block d-sm-inline-block float-none float-sm-left"><span class="story__byline font--arial "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/5535/waqas-younas">Waqas Younas</a></span><span class="divider "></span><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time font--arial ">February 21, 2018</span> </div> <!-- box/social --> <div class="d-block d-sm-inline-block clearfix float-none float-sm-right"> <div class="social social--icon social--black social--flat social--facebook social--count float-left mr-1 my-2 "> <a onclick="return !window.open(this.href, 'Share on Facebook', 'width=640, height=536')" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692&display=popup&ref=plugin" target="_blank"><span data-fb-count-url="https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692"><span class="count"></span></span></a> </div> <div class="social social--icon social--black social--flat social--twitter float-left mr-1 my-2 "> <a onclick="return !window.open(this.href, 'Tweet', 'width=640, height=300')" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://twitter.com/share?text=Language%20skills&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692&counturl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="social hidden-xs-down social--print social--icon social--black social--flat float-left mr-1 my-2"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/print/1390692"> </a> </div> <div class="social social--email social--icon social--black social--flat float-left mr-1 my-2"> <a onclick="$('.mailer [name^=id]').val(1390692);$('.mailer').modal().open()" href="javascript:void(0)"></a> </div> <div class="mailer themodal themodal--centered" style="width:400px;height:260px;background:#fff"> <h3>Email</h3> <br/> <form accept-charset="utf-8" class="form-vertical emailer" onsubmit="javascript:$.post(this.action, $(this).serialize());$(this).html('Mail sent, thank you!');return false;" method="POST" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/email/1390692"><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="jscheck" value=""><div class="form-group"><label for="sender" class="control-label">Your Name</label><input class="form-control" id="sender-2" type="text" name="sender"></div><div class="form-group"><label for="to" class="control-label">Recipient Email</label><input class="form-control" id="to-2" type="text" name="to"></div><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="id" value=""><input class="btn mt-2" type="submit" value="Email"><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="_token" value=""></form> </div> <div class="social social--comment social--icon social--black social--flat social--label text--700 float-left mr-1 my-2"> <a href="#comments">0</a> </div></div> </div> <!-- ******** /template/header ******** --> <!-- ******** template/main ******** --> <div class="template__main clearfix modifier--open px-1 modifier--widedefault modifier--quote-center-narrow"> <!-- box/social --> <!-- box/content --> <div class="story__content pt-1 mt-1"><div style="display: none"></div><figure class="media one-third palm--one-whole media--right "> <div class="media__item "><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/primary/2017/02/58939f8000595.jpg" alt="The writer works in the technology sector."/></div> <figcaption class="media__caption ">The writer works in the technology sector.</figcaption> </figure> <p> </p><p class="">WILL Pakistan excel in the digital and AI revolution? The answer potentially lies in how our academic institutions shape our younger lot. Software programmers are at the centre of this revolution. Great programming skills are part of a package of excellent technical and communication skills. </p><p class="">There is an opinion that it is possible to excel as a programmer with just a perfunctory knowledge of the English language. We may believe that skilled computer programmers with a cursory knowledge of English are in abundant supply here, but then many of our programmers would have been behind major software projects. On Github, the popular website that hosts open-source software projects, you don’t find many top projects from Pakistan. It’s not that we don’t have great engineers, it’s just that communication is a big part of the job.</p><p class="">Yes, one doesn’t have to be a native English speaker. Some of the best programmers of this generation are not. Linus Torvalds, creator of Linux, is a Finn. The creator of the extensively used Ruby on Rails, a web programming framework, is Danish. The creator of Python, a programming language, is Dutch. Torvalds, particularly, has excellent command over English and has been able to lead an extensively used open-source software for a long time. They all possess excellent technical as well as communication skills. There are many reasons why English plays a pivotal role in a software industry like ours that depends mostly on outsourced work and less on a local support model and localised work.</p><blockquote> <p class="">English plays a pivotal role in the software industry.</p></blockquote> <p class="">As any meaningful writing has a structure comprising various units (eg paragraphs, sentences and words), a meaningful programme is composed of various structural units, such as variables (used to store information), methods and classes (both used to store computation), documentation, file names, comments (helpful text that explains the behaviour of code), and error and warning messages shown to end users. Variables, methods and classes are expected to be meaningful, whereas comments and documentation should be well written so that the programme is useful for others.</p><p class="">These units define how the programme works. They are used not only by the computer (executing them) and the programmer (writing them), but also by end consumers and future programmers who will maintain the software. None of these units can be defined properly with only a perfunctory knowledge of English. Programmers usually spend more time reading code than writing it, so it becomes even more important to write understandable code. There are significant cognitive and monetary costs attached to programmes that are harder to decipher and maintain. Inadequate English skills are one reason that many of our young engineers are allergic to writing effective names, comments and documentation.</p><p class="">The importance of the English language is also apparent in the software development process (particularly in an outsourced environment where customers are usually English speakers), before programmes are even written. Software is built based on a customer’s requirements. Useful programmes are written after programmers have actually understood these requirements. The process of understanding requirements entails writing and reading emails and technical documents, audio/video calls and even face-to-face meetings with English-speaking customers. You cannot fully understand the requirements if you are unable to comprehend and interpret what those customers are saying.</p><p class="">Moreover, you have to continuously learn if you want to survive in the software world. New programming languages and frameworks come up faster than seasons change. Most courses, books, documentation and videos are in English. Sometimes demanding material needs to be learned quickly, which requires more than merely decent skills in the language. </p><p class="">People who move up the ladder in this world are not only technically competent but also possess effective English skills. Sometimes senior roles require preparing convincing and well-written reports and presentations, communicating with engineers and people in other departments, and meetings customers. </p><p class="">Inadequate English-language skills are also a barrier to entrepreneurship for many of our otherwise brilliant engineers. Most things that you do as an entrepreneur in a software company require more than decent English skills. You cannot convince people to get work done on time, and build your company’s brand with ordinary English skills. </p><p class="">With ordinary English skills you can still earn a decent pay cheque here, but it’s hard to grow beyond a certain point. Programmers with only basic knowledge of English don’t reach their full potential. Additionally, they prevent people in senior roles from performing at optimum levels, as sometimes senior people spend much of their time proofreading the emails, reports and documents of these programmers.</p><p class="">We might miss out on the digital revolution unless we fix our curriculum to address both technical and communication skills. </p><p class=""><em>The writer works in the technology sector.</em></p><p class=""><strong>Twitter:</strong> <strong><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://twitter.com/wyounas">@wyounas</a></strong></p><p class=""><em>Published in Dawn, February 21st, 2018</em></p> </div> </div> <!-- ******** /template/main ******** --> <!-- ******** template/footer ******** --> <div class="template__footer clearfix modifier--open px-1"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-11"> <div class="ml-0 ml-sm-6 px-0 px-sm-2"> <hr> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-12 col-sm-6"> </div> <div class="col-12 col-sm-6"> <div class="mt-2 mt-sm-0 clearfix social-container"> <!-- box/social --> <div class="social social--icon social--black social--flat social--facebook social--count float-left mr-1 "> <a onclick="return !window.open(this.href, 'Share on Facebook', 'width=640, height=536')" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.facebook.com/sharer/sharer.php?u=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692&display=popup&ref=plugin" target="_blank"><span data-fb-count-url="https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692"><span class="count"></span></span></a> </div> <div class="social social--icon social--black social--flat social--twitter float-left mr-1 "> <a onclick="return !window.open(this.href, 'Tweet', 'width=640, height=300')" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://twitter.com/share?text=Language%20skills&url=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692&counturl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1390692" target="_blank"></a> </div> <div class="social hidden-xs-down social--print social--icon social--black social--flat float-left mr-1"> <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/print/1390692"> </a> </div> <div class="social social--email social--icon social--black social--flat float-left mr-1"> <a onclick="$('.mailer [name^=id]').val(1390692);$('.mailer').modal().open()" href="javascript:void(0)"></a> </div> <div class="mailer themodal themodal--centered" style="width:400px;height:260px;background:#fff"> <h3>Email</h3> <br/> <form accept-charset="utf-8" class="form-vertical emailer" onsubmit="javascript:$.post(this.action, $(this).serialize());$(this).html('Mail sent, thank you!');return false;" method="POST" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/email/1390692"><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="jscheck" value=""><div class="form-group"><label for="sender" class="control-label">Your Name</label><input class="form-control" id="sender" type="text" name="sender"></div><div class="form-group"><label for="to" class="control-label">Recipient Email</label><input class="form-control" id="to" type="text" name="to"></div><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="id" value=""><input class="btn mt-2" type="submit" value="Email"><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="_token" value=""></form> </div> <div class="social social--comment social--icon social--black social--flat social--label text--700 float-left mr-1"> <a href="#comments">0</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row no-gutters"> <!--- 250 300 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad py-4 d-block d-sm-none" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:300px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:300px;padding-bottom:83.333333333333%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-6" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:300px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-6'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black"> <h3 class="related-stories my-2">Read more</h3> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-lg-8 col-12"> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--related mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390693" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390693/pretorian-guard"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c857c64c8f.jpg" alt="‘Pretorian’ guard"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:sm:2-py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390693" class="story__title py-sm-2 py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390693/pretorian-guard" class="story__link">‘Pretorian’ guard</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390691" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390691/courts-of-the-people"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c84cf7f3e5.jpg" alt="Courts of the people"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:sm:2-py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390691" class="story__title py-sm-2 py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390691/courts-of-the-people" class="story__link">Courts of the people</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390690" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390690/battle-to-no-end"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c845a08e9c.jpg" alt="Battle to no end"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:sm:2-py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390690" class="story__title py-sm-2 py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390690/battle-to-no-end" class="story__link">Battle to no end</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> <!--- 90 728 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad py-2 ad--adjustable my-4 border--ends d-none d-sm-block" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:728px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:728px;padding-bottom:12.362637362637%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-2" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:728px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-2'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> <div class="col-lg-4 col-12"> <div class="my-0 my-lg-2 palm-border--top p-1 p-sm-0"></div> <article class="box story sponsored-content" data-id="1390590" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 " data-focus-x="0%" data-focus-y="0%"> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390590/marios-pasta-brings-authentic-italian-cuisine-to-pakistan"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c0052dfabf.png?r=1458587339" alt="Mario&#39;s Pasta brings authentic Italian cuisine to Pakistan"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> <h2 class="badge size-two caps text--gray pl-1"><a title="Sponsored" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/sponsor-content" class="">Sponsored</a></h2> <!-- box/title title-small-pl:1 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390590" class="story__title size-five pl-1 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390590/marios-pasta-brings-authentic-italian-cuisine-to-pakistan" class="story__link">Mario's Pasta brings authentic Italian cuisine to Pakistan</a></h2> </article> </div> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black urdu-stories"> <!-- - - - - - - widget:start id: 1423 - type: stories - object_id: - title: On DawnNews - - - - - - --> <section class="widget theme widget-stories modifywidget-direction-rtl modifywidget-image-small modifywidget-padding-off modifywidget-transparent" data-type="stories" data-id="1423"> <div class="widget__header"> <h2 class="widget__title modifywidget-title-left modifywidget-title-uppercase"><span>On DawnNews</span></h2> </div> <div class="widget__main "> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--columns mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1053460" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--right media--stretch col-sm-6 col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1053460/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/http://i.dawn.com/medium/2017/03/58bc50abefada.jpg" alt="رات گئے تک جاگنا فائدہ مند یا نقصان دہ؟"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:2 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1053460" class="story__title py-2 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1053460/" class="story__link">رات گئے تک جاگنا فائدہ مند یا نقصان دہ؟</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1073735" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--right media--stretch col-sm-6 col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1073735/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/http://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8bf782be2a1.jpg?r=1478158082" alt="پریا پرکاش کی مقدمہ خارج کرنے کیلئے عدالت میں درخواست دائر"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:2 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1073735" class="story__title py-2 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1073735/" class="story__link">پریا پرکاش کی مقدمہ خارج کرنے کیلئے عدالت میں درخواست دائر</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1073745" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--right media--stretch col-sm-6 col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1073745/"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/http://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c1f22395d9.jpg" alt="پھیپھڑوں کے امراض کی یہ خاموش علامات جانتے ہیں؟"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:2 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1073745" class="story__title py-2 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawnnews.tv/news/1073745/" class="story__link">پھیپھڑوں کے امراض کی یہ خاموش علامات جانتے ہیں؟</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> </section> <!-- - - - - - - widget:end - - - - - - --> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black"> <section id="comments" class="comments px-0 col-sm-10 col-12"> <h1 class="comments__label text--700">Comments (0) </h1> <form accept-charset="utf-8" class="form-vertical comments-form jsform mb-4" id="comments-form" method="POST" action="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/comments"><input class="form-control jscheck" type="hidden" name="jscheck" value=""><input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="story_id" value="1390692"> <div class="info"></div> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-6"> <div class="pt-2"> <input class="form-control text-input col-12" placeholder="Name" required id="name" type="text" name="name"> </div> </div> <div class="col-6"> <div class="pt-2"> <input class="form-control text-input col-12" placeholder="Email" required id="email" type="text" name="email"> </div> </div></div> <div class="row d-none"> <div class="col-6"> <div class="mr-4 mb-4"> <div class="form-group"><input class="form-control text-input col-12" placeholder="Your Location" id="location" type="text" name="location"></div> </div> </div> <div class="col-6"> <div class="mr-4 mb-4"> <div class="form-group"><input class="form-control text-input col-12" placeholder="Http://" id="url" type="text" name="url"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class=" col-12"> <div class="my-2"> <div class="form-group"><textarea class="form-control text-input col-12" placeholder="Your comment" rows="7" required id="content" name="content"></textarea></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-6"> <div class="comment__limit size-two text--gray caps">1000 characters</div> </div> <div class="col-6"> <input class="btn button comments__button caps mt-1 theme--black float-right" type="submit" value="Submit"> </div> </div> <input class="form-control" type="hidden" name="_token" value=""></form></section> </div> </div> </div> <!-- ******** /template/footer ******** --> </article> </div> </div> </main> <aside class="pb-4 "> <!-- - - - - - - widget:start id: 1220 - type: adsense - object_id: - title: Desk Mrec Top - - - - - - --> <section class="widget theme widget-adsense modifywidget-border-off modifywidget-transparent" data-type="adsense" data-id="1220"> <div class="widget__header"> <h2 class="widget__title modifywidget-title-off"><span>Desk Mrec Top</span></h2> </div> <div class="widget__main "> <!--- 250 300 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:300px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:300px;padding-bottom:83.333333333333%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-3" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:300px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-3'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> </section> <!-- - - - - - - widget:end - - - - - - --> <!-- - - - - - - widget:start id: 1219 - type: adsense - object_id: - title: Filmstrip - - - - - - --> <section class="widget theme widget-adsense modifywidget-border-black modifywidget-border-thick modifywidget-border-top modifywidget-transparent" data-type="adsense" data-id="1219"> <div class="widget__header"> <h2 class="widget__title modifywidget-title-off"><span>Filmstrip</span></h2> </div> <div class="widget__main "> <!--- 600 300 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad " aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:300px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:300px;padding-bottom:200%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-8" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:300px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-8'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> </section> <!-- - - - - - - widget:end - - - - - - --> </aside> </div> <!-- ******** template/footer ******** --> <div class="template__footer clearfix modifier--open px-1"> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black mx-sm-2 mx-0 clearfix"> <h3 class="related-stories font--playfair-display my-2"><a class="related-stories" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/latest-news">Latest stories</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--latest mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390626" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390626/pakistans-top-sports-journalists-predict-the-outcome-of-psl-2018"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c726b954d3.jpg" alt="Pakistan&#39;s top sports journalists predict the outcome of PSL 2018"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray "><span class="timestamp--label">Updated</span> February 21, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390626" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390626/pakistans-top-sports-journalists-predict-the-outcome-of-psl-2018" class="story__link">Pakistan's top sports journalists predict the outcome of PSL 2018</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390625" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390625/parliament-is-supreme-but-constitution-is-above-it-chief-justice"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c52ea4af07.jpg" alt="Parliament is supreme but Constitution is above it: chief justice"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray "><span class="timestamp--label">Updated</span> February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390625" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390625/parliament-is-supreme-but-constitution-is-above-it-chief-justice" class="story__link">Parliament is supreme but Constitution is above it: chief justice</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390624" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390624/senator-babar-fears-pakistani-troops-could-get-sucked-into-yemen-quagmire"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c467530426.jpg" alt="Senator Babar fears Pakistani troops could get sucked into Yemen &#39;quagmire&#39;"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray ">February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390624" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390624/senator-babar-fears-pakistani-troops-could-get-sucked-into-yemen-quagmire" class="story__link">Senator Babar fears Pakistani troops could get sucked into Yemen 'quagmire'</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390623" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 px-0 " data-focus-x="72.125%" data-focus-y="49.583%"> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390623/turkey-vows-to-lay-siege-to-syrias-afrin-in-coming-days"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c4364d0afe.jpg?r=2114156737" alt="Turkey vows to lay siege to Syria&#39;s Afrin &#39;in coming days&#39;"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray ">February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390623" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390623/turkey-vows-to-lay-siege-to-syrias-afrin-in-coming-days" class="story__link">Turkey vows to lay siege to Syria's Afrin 'in coming days'</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="4" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390621" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390621/russia-will-continue-to-boost-pakistans-counterterrorism-capacity-says-fm-lavrov"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c3ae3b72d8.jpg" alt="Russia will continue to boost Pakistan’s counterterrorism capacity, says FM Lavrov"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray "><span class="timestamp--label">Updated</span> February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390621" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390621/russia-will-continue-to-boost-pakistans-counterterrorism-capacity-says-fm-lavrov" class="story__link">Russia will continue to boost Pakistan’s counterterrorism capacity, says FM Lavrov</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="5" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390620" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390620/unicef-issues-blank-statement-to-condemn-war-on-children-in-syria"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c2d4121947.jpg" alt="Unicef issues blank statement to condemn &#39;war ON children&#39; in Syria"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray ">February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390620" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390620/unicef-issues-blank-statement-to-condemn-war-on-children-in-syria" class="story__link">Unicef issues blank statement to condemn 'war ON children' in Syria</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black py-2 mx-sm-2 mx-0 clearfix"> <a href="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://images.dawn.com/"><img alt="dawn images site" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2017/06/5931466588b47.png" width="80" class="mb-4"/></a> <div class="slideshow images-slideshow slideshow--main " data-slick="{"dots":true,"dotsClass":"slideshow__pager ","asNavFor":null,"cssEase":"ease","speed":250,"autoplaySpeed":4000,"slidesToScroll":1,"slidesToShow":3,"fade":false,"autoplay":true,"infinite":true,"responsive": [{"breakpoint": 720,"settings": {"slidesToShow": 3,"slidesToScroll": 1}},{"breakpoint": 480,"settings": {"slidesToShow": 1,"slidesToScroll": 1}}]}"> <div class="slideshow__slide slideshow__slide--first slideshow__slide--horizontal" style="margin:0 1px;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1390617" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390617/twitter-isnt-amused-at-shoaib-maliks-racist-dig-at-darren-sammy"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c2619399b2.jpg" alt="Twitter isn&#39;t amused at Shoaib Malik&#39;s racist dig at Darren Sammy"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> <!-- box/title xsmall-pr:0-pr:sm:2 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390617" class="story__title size-four pr-0 pr-sm-2 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390617/twitter-isnt-amused-at-shoaib-maliks-racist-dig-at-darren-sammy" class="story__link">Twitter isn't amused at Shoaib Malik's racist dig at Darren Sammy</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow__slide slideshow__slide--horizontal" style="margin:0 1px;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1390612" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390612/rani-mukherjee-fights-against-discrimination-in-title-track-from-hichki"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c0d6414e0f.jpg" alt="Rani Mukherjee fights against discrimination in title track from Hichki"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> <!-- box/title xsmall-pr:0-pr:sm:2 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390612" class="story__title size-four pr-0 pr-sm-2 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390612/rani-mukherjee-fights-against-discrimination-in-title-track-from-hichki" class="story__link">Rani Mukherjee fights against discrimination in title track from Hichki</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow__slide slideshow__slide--horizontal" style="margin:0 1px;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1390594" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390594/saudi-arabia-will-host-its-first-fashion-week-in-riyadh-next-month"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8bd6663b83f.jpg" alt="Saudi Arabia will host its first fashion week in Riyadh next month"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> <!-- box/title xsmall-pr:0-pr:sm:2 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390594" class="story__title size-four pr-0 pr-sm-2 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390594/saudi-arabia-will-host-its-first-fashion-week-in-riyadh-next-month" class="story__link">Saudi Arabia will host its first fashion week in Riyadh next month</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div> </div> <!--- 250 300 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad py-4 d-block d-sm-none" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:300px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:300px;padding-bottom:83.333333333333%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-4" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:300px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1455520357400-4'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black mx-sm-2 mx-0 mb-4 clearfix"> <h3 class="popular-stories font--playfair-display my-2"><a class="popular-stories" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/popular">Most popular</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--popular slideshow--table mt-2"> <div class="popular-row lap-and-up-border--bottom"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390200" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390200" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390200/pti-confirms-imran-khans-marriage-to-bushra-maneka-in-lahore" class="story__link">PTI confirms Imran Khan's marriage to Bushra Maneka in Lahore</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390165" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390165" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390165/india-to-get-operational-control-of-irans-chabahar-port" class="story__link">India to get operational control of Iran’s Chabahar port</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390188" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390188" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390188/trudeau-touches-down-in-india-for-week-long-state-visit" class="story__link">Trudeau touches down in India for week-long state visit</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="popular-row lap-and-up-border--bottom"> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390309" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390309" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390309/declaring-pakistan-state-sponsor-of-terrorism-will-not-help-scholars" class="story__link">Declaring Pakistan state sponsor of terrorism will not help: scholars</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="4" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1349312" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1349312" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1349312/what-brings-pti-chief-to-a-remote-town" class="story__link">What brings PTI chief to a remote town?</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="5" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390196" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390196" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390196/mqm-p-intra-party-polls-farooq-sattar-elected-party-chief" class="story__link">MQM-P intra-party polls: Farooq Sattar elected party chief</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="popular-row lap-and-up-border--bottom"> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="6" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390385" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390385" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390385/is-justin-trudeau-being-cold-shouldered-by-pm-modi-during-his-first-state-visit-to-india" class="story__link">Is Justin Trudeau being cold-shouldered by PM Modi during his first state visit to India?</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="7" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;margin-right:1.5%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390403" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390403" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390403/govt-refuses-to-divulge-operational-details-of-pakistani-troops-deployment-to-saudi-arabia" class="story__link">Govt refuses to divulge 'operational details' of Pakistani troops' deployment to Saudi Arabia</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom" data-id="8" style="float:left;width:32.333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story p-1" data-id="1390400" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390400" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390400/mqm-split-rabita-committee-withdraws-farooq-sattars-nominees-for-senate-elections" class="story__link">MQM split: Rabita Committee withdraws Farooq Sattar's nominees for Senate elections</a></h2> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="popular-row lap-and-up-border--bottom"> </div></div> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black mx-sm-2 mx-0 clearfix"> <h3 class="mustread-stories font--playfair-display my-2"><a class="mustread-stories" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/must-read">Must read</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list pr-0 pr-sm-2 col-sm-4 col-12 float-left slideshow--mustread--first mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:99%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390626" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390626/pakistans-top-sports-journalists-predict-the-outcome-of-psl-2018"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c726b954d3.jpg" alt="Pakistan&#39;s top sports journalists predict the outcome of PSL 2018"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390626" class="story__title font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390626/pakistans-top-sports-journalists-predict-the-outcome-of-psl-2018" class="story__link">Pakistan's top sports journalists predict the outcome of PSL 2018</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">The who's who of Pakistan's sports industry tell Dawn.com who they think will be PSL 3's biggest winners and losers. </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--mustread col-sm-8 col-12 float-left mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390584" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390584/can-pakistan-redefine-a-foreign-policy-that-has-reached-a-dead-end"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8b95a5cd8c0.jpg" alt="Can Pakistan redefine a foreign policy that has reached a dead end?"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390584" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390584/can-pakistan-redefine-a-foreign-policy-that-has-reached-a-dead-end" class="story__link">Can Pakistan redefine a foreign policy that has reached a dead end?</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390583" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390583/editorial-regional-powers-should-use-their-influence-to-nudge-the-taliban-and-the-afghan-govt-closer"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8b8ee22d90f.jpg" alt="Editorial: Regional powers should use their influence to nudge the Taliban and the Afghan govt closer"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390583" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390583/editorial-regional-powers-should-use-their-influence-to-nudge-the-taliban-and-the-afghan-govt-closer" class="story__link">Editorial: Regional powers should use their influence to nudge the Taliban and the Afghan govt closer</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1388133" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1388133/an-architectural-marvel-the-bhong-mosque-is-the-most-visually-stunning-place-i-have-visited-in-pakistan"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a7c2cbec3940.jpg" alt="An architectural marvel, the Bhong Mosque is the most visually stunning place I have visited in Pakistan"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1388133" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1388133/an-architectural-marvel-the-bhong-mosque-is-the-most-visually-stunning-place-i-have-visited-in-pakistan" class="story__link">An architectural marvel, the Bhong Mosque is the most visually stunning place I have visited in Pakistan</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/7539/tim-blight">Tim Blight</a></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:24%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1388573" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1388573/psl-recap-the-crests-and-troughs-of-pakistans-beloved-t20-league"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a80d41d0d5c1.jpg" alt="PSL recap: The crests and troughs of Pakistan&#39;s beloved T20 league"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1388573" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1388573/psl-recap-the-crests-and-troughs-of-pakistans-beloved-t20-league" class="story__link">PSL recap: The crests and troughs of Pakistan's beloved T20 league</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/7380/zohaib-ahmed-majeed">Zohaib Ahmed Majeed</a></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black mx-sm-2 mx-0 clearfix"> <h3 class="opinion-stories font--playfair-display my-2"><a class="opinion-stories" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/opinion">Opinion</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list pr-0 pr-sm-2 col-sm-4 col-12 float-left slideshow--opinion--first mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:99%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390693" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390693/pretorian-guard"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c857c64c8f.jpg" alt="‘Pretorian’ guard"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390693" class="story__title font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390693/pretorian-guard" class="story__link">‘Pretorian’ guard</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">The ANC caved in to the demands of capitalism. </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--opinion col-sm-8 col-12 float-left mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390692" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692/language-skills"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c8526e0dfc.jpg" alt="Language skills"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390692" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390692/language-skills" class="story__link">Language skills</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/5535/waqas-younas">Waqas Younas</a></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390691" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390691/courts-of-the-people"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c84cf7f3e5.jpg" alt="Courts of the people"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390691" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390691/courts-of-the-people" class="story__link">Courts of the people</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/410/rafia-zakaria">Rafia Zakaria</a></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:24%;margin-right:1.3333333333333%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390690" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390690/battle-to-no-end"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8c845a08e9c.jpg" alt="Battle to no end"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390690" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390690/battle-to-no-end" class="story__link">Battle to no end</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/966/zahid-hussain">Zahid Hussain</a></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:24%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390503" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--focus media--stretch col-sm-12 col-3 mr-sm-0 mr-2 float-sm-none px-0 "> <div class="media__item media__item--100 "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390503/new-choices"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/medium/2018/02/5a8b4ae16ac12.jpg" alt="New choices"/></a></div> </figure> <!-- box/title py:0 --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390503" class="story__title font--playfair-display py-0 "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390503/new-choices" class="story__link">New choices</a></h2> <!-- box/byline --><div class=" mt-1 "><span class="story__byline size-three text--black "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/authors/496/touqir-hussain">Touqir Hussain</a></span> </div></article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="border--top border--thick border--black mx-sm-2 mx-0"> <h3 class="editorial-stories font--playfair-display my-2"><a class="editorial-stories" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/opinion">Editorial</a></h3> <div class=" slideshow--list slideshow--editorial mt-2"> <div class="clear--both"> <div class="slideshow--row__item active pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="0" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390689" data-layout="story"><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray font--arial ">February 21, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390689" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390689/role-of-institutions" class="story__link">Role of institutions</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">IT is a good idea, but much will depend on the quality of the debate itself. Prime Minister Shahid Khaqan Abbasi has... </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="1" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390688" data-layout="story"><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray font--arial ">February 21, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390688" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390688/decriminalising-suicide" class="story__link">Decriminalising suicide</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">ALTHOUGH many outmoded laws still remain on our statute books, perhaps one of the cruellest and most damaging is ... </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="2" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390687" data-layout="story"><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray font--arial ">February 21, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390687" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390687/curbing-human-smuggling" class="story__link">Curbing human smuggling</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">DESPITE Europe’s restrictive measures to keep migrants out, refugees from Asia and Africa make perilous journeys ... </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="3" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390493" data-layout="story"><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray font--arial "><span class="timestamp--label">Updated</span> February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390493" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390493/afghan-taliban-offer" class="story__link">Afghan Taliban offer</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">A RENEWED offer of negotiations by the Afghan Taliban, though once again insisting on direct talks with the US ... </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="4" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;margin-right:1.2%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390492" data-layout="story"><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray font--arial ">February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390492" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390492/witness-protection" class="story__link">Witness protection</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">IN Pakistan, witnesses are particularly important for prosecuting criminal and terrorism cases given the state’s... </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> <div class="slideshow--row__item pr-0 pr-sm-2 mb-2 lap-and-up-border--right palm-border--bottom equalize float-left" data-id="5" style="float:left;width:15.666666666667%;"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story mt-1 mb-1 mb-sm-2 mt-sm-0 pt-0 pb-1 pb-sm-2 pt-1 pt-sm-0 pr-0" data-id="1390491" data-layout="story"><!-- box/date --><span class="story__time size-two text--gray font--arial ">February 20, 2018</span> <!-- box/title xsmall --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390491" class="story__title size-four font--playfair-display "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390491/saving-ranikot-fort" class="story__link">Saving Ranikot Fort</a></h2> <!-- box/excerpt --> <div class="story__excerpt size-three font--georgia ">REGRETTABLY, it is only after the loss or wilful destruction of heritage and culture that our government is moved to... </div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div><div class="clear--both"> </div></div> </div> <div class="px-2"> <!--- 90 728 --> <!-- - - adsense: start - - --> <div class="ad py-4 d-block d-sm-none" aria-hidden="true"> <div class="ad__label " style="max-width:728px;">Advertisement</div> <div class="js-ad clearfix" style="max-width:728px;padding-bottom:12.362637362637%;text-align:center;margin:0 auto;overflow:hidden;"> <div class="radWrapper ad__wrapper"> <div id="div-gpt-ad-1455531878761-2" class="ad__wrapper__slot" style="width:728px;position:absolute"> <script>googletag.cmd.push(function() { googletag.display('div-gpt-ad-1455531878761-2'); });</script> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - adsense: end - - --> </div> </div> <!-- ******** /template/footer ******** --> </div> </div> <div class="navstory navstory--prev" title="You can also use your keyboard ← (left arrow) or → (right arrow) to navigate stories"> <a class="navstory__arrow navstory__arrow--prev" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390395/indian-man-jailed-for-hacking-muslim-labourer-to-death-makes-new-video-against-jihadis">‹</a> <div class="navstory__article navstory__article--prev"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1390395" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390395" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390395/indian-man-jailed-for-hacking-muslim-labourer-to-death-makes-new-video-against-jihadis" class="story__link">Indian man jailed for hacking Muslim labourer to death makes new video against 'jihadis'</a></h2> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390395/indian-man-jailed-for-hacking-muslim-labourer-to-death-makes-new-video-against-jihadis"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/thumbnail/2018/02/5a8ab0712699b.jpg" alt="Indian man jailed for hacking Muslim labourer to death makes new video against &#39;jihadis&#39;"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div> <div class="navstory navstory--next" title="You can also use your keyboard ← (left arrow) or → (right arrow) to navigate stories"> <a class="navstory__arrow navstory__arrow--next" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390165/india-to-get-operational-control-of-irans-chabahar-port">›</a> <div class="navstory__article navstory__article--next"> <!-- - - - article - - - --> <article class="box story " data-id="1390165" data-layout="story"> <!-- box/title --> <h2 data-layout="story" data-id="1390165" class="story__title "><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390165/india-to-get-operational-control-of-irans-chabahar-port" class="story__link">India to get operational control of Iran’s Chabahar port</a></h2> <!-- box/image --> <figure class="media media--stretch col-12 px-0 "> <div class="media__item "><a title="" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/news/1390165/india-to-get-operational-control-of-irans-chabahar-port"><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://i.dawn.com/thumbnail/2018/02/5a88e8dc252ea.jpg" alt="India to get operational control of Iran’s Chabahar port"/></a></div> </figure> <div class="clearfix"></div> </article> <!-- - - - /article - - - --> </div> </div> <footer> <script src="//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/blockadblock/3.2.1/blockadblock.min.js" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <div class="pt-2 px-2 mb-2 clearfix"> </div> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.2.1.min.js" defer="true"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://platform.twitter.com/widgets.js" defer="true"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://www.dawn.com/_js/all.20180217201308.js" defer="true"></script> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://www.dawn.com/_js/prev-next-stories.20180217201308.js" defer="true"></script> <script>setTimeout(function() {dailymotionSyndicationId(202395)}, 2000)</script> <script> setTimeout(function() { if ($('.template__main .social--top').length) { var isRtl = $('body').attr('dir'); if ($('.template__main').hasClass('modifier--large-social-right')) { $('.template__main .social--top').addClass('social--right'); } if ($('.template__main').hasClass('modifier--large-social-left')) { $('.template__main .social--top').addClass('social--left'); } var gutterSize = 40; var socialResize = function() { var templateMainTop = $('.template__main').offset().top; var templateMainOuterWidth = $('.template__main').outerWidth(); var templateMainWidth = $('.template__main').width(); var storyContentTop = $('.story__content').offset().top; var socialTop = storyContentTop - templateMainTop + gutterSize; // +gutterSize just to add extra top space if(typeof isRtl !== 'undefined') { var socialLeft = templateMainWidth - templateMainOuterWidth - gutterSize; if ($('.template__main .social--top').hasClass('social--right')) { socialLeft = '110%'; } } else { var socialLeft = $('.template__main').outerWidth(); if ($('.template__main .social--top').hasClass('social--left')) { socialLeft = -50; } } $('.template__main .social--top').css({top: socialTop, left: socialLeft, visibility: 'visible', zIndex: 999}); if ($(document).width() < 700) { $('.template__main .social--top').hide(); } else { $('.template__main .social--top').show(); } if ($(document).width() > 1350) { $('.widget--top').removeClass('d-none'); var widgetLeft = socialLeft + $('.social--top').outerWidth() + gutterSize; // +gutterSize for -margin on ad widget $('.widget--top').css({top: socialTop, left: widgetLeft}); } else { $('.widget--top').addClass('d-none'); } }; socialResize(); $(window).resize(socialResize); } }, 4000); </script> <script type="text/javascript" defer> setTimeout(function(){ $('document').ready(function() { var showHideComments = function() { var $button = "<div class='button col-12 mb-4 text-center caps show-comments bald size-two text--darkred'>Read All Comments</div>"; if ($('.comment').length <= 3) return; $('.comment').hide().slice(0, 3).show(); $('.comments').append($button); $('.show-comments').on('click', function() { $('.comment').show(); $(this).hide(); }); $('.show-comments').on('click', function() { $('.comment').show(); $(this).hide(); }); }; $('.js-comments-sort-date, .js-comments-sort-votes, .js-comments-sort-date--new').on('click', function(e) { $('.show-comments').remove(); showHideComments(); }); showHideComments(); }); }, 1000); </script><div class="px-2"> <div class="container-fluid container--footer border--top border--thick border--black"> <div class="mt-2"> <div class="pt-4"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-lg-2 col-12"> <ul class="nav"> <li class="nav__item"><img style="height:28px;width:119px" alt="Dawn News" class="container--footer__logo--black" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://www.dawn.com/_img/logo.png"></li> <li class="nav__item"><img style="height:28px;width:119px" alt="Dawn News" class="container--footer__logo--white d-none" src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://www.dawn.com/_img/logo--white.png"></li> <li class="nav__item d-block text-left mt-2"><p>Copyright © 2018</p></li> <li class="nav__item text-left"><p class="d-none"> Compunode.com Pvt. Ltd. (<a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.compunode.com/">www.compunode.com</a>).Designed for <a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.dawn.com/">Dawn</a>.</p></li> <li class="nav__item d-block text-left"><p>Scribe Publishing Platform</p></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-lg-10 col-12"> <div class="row no-gutters"> <div class="col-sm-2 col-12"> <ul class="nav nav--dawn-sitemap size-two palm-bald--left"> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/contact">Contact Us</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://www.facebook.com/dawndotcom">Facebook</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://twitter.com/dawn_com">Twitter</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.pepperpk.dawnnews">Android App</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://itunes.apple.com/pk/app/id935631940">iPhone App</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 col-12"> <ul class="nav nav--dawn-sitemap size-two palm-bald--left"> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/newsletters">Newsletters</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/prayers-timings">Prayer Timings</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/stocks">Stock Forex and Gold</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/weather">Weather</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/social-media-guidelines">Social Media Guidelines</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 col-12"> <ul class="nav nav--dawn-sitemap size-two palm-bald--left"> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/code-of-ethics">Code of Ethics</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/terms">Terms of Use</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/reproduction-copyrights">Reproduction Copyrights</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/contribution-guidelines">Contribution Guidelines</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 col-12"> <ul class="nav nav--dawn-sitemap size-two palm-bald--left"> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="/web/20180221021857/https://www.dawn.com/advertise">Advertise in Dawn</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://dawnnationaladvertiser.com/">Place Classifieds Ad</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://obituary.dawn.com/">Obituaries</a></li> <!-- <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1" href="http://dawnclassified.com/">Ad Bookings/Publication</a></li> --> </ul> </div> <div class="col-sm-2 col-12"> <ul class="nav nav--dawn-sitemap size-two palm-bald--left"> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://www.dawn.com/">Dawn.com</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://dawnnews.tv/">Dawnnews.tv</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://cityfm89.com/">Cityfm 89</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://herald.dawn.com/">HERALD</a></li> <li class="nav__item col-12 text-left"><a class="px-0 px-sm-1 text--400" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/http://aurora.dawn.com/">Aurora</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <!-- - - - - start:alexa - - - - --> <script type="text/javascript"> _atrk_opts = { atrk_acct:"1DJ3k1acFH00UN", domain:"dawn.com",dynamic: true}; (function() { var as = document.createElement('script'); as.type = 'text/javascript'; as.async = true; as.src = "https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://d31qbv1cthcecs.cloudfront.net/atrk.js"; var s = document.getElementsByTagName('script')[0];s.parentNode.insertBefore(as, s); })(); </script> <noscript><img src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857im_/https://d5nxst8fruw4z.cloudfront.net/atrk.gif?account=1DJ3k1acFH00UN" style="display:none" height="1" width="1" alt=""/></noscript> <!-- - - - - end:alexa - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:chartbeat publishing - - - - --> <script type="text/javascript"> var _sf_async_config = _sf_async_config || {}; /** CONFIGURATION START **/ _sf_async_config.uid = 62163; _sf_async_config.domain = "dawn.com"; _sf_async_config.useCanonical = true; _sf_async_config.sections = "Newspaper,Column"; _sf_async_config.authors = "Waqas Younas-5535"; /** CONFIGURATION END **/ (function(){ function loadChartbeat() { window._sf_endpt = (new Date()).getTime(); var e = document.createElement('script'); e.setAttribute('language', 'javascript'); e.setAttribute('type', 'text/javascript'); e.setAttribute('src', '//web.archive.org/web/20180221021857/https://static.chartbeat.com/js/chartbeat.js'); document.body.appendChild(e); } var oldonload = window.onload; window.onload = (typeof window.onload != 'function') ? loadChartbeat : function() { oldonload(); loadChartbeat(); }; })(); </script> <!-- - - - - end:chartbeat - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:ga-events - - - - --> <script type="text/javascript"> if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.story__content a').click(function(){ga('send','event','story','click','links');}); if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.social--whatsapp a').click(function(){ga('send','event','story','click','whatsapp');}); if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.social--print a').click(function(){ga('send','event','story','click','print');}); if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.social--email a').click(function(){ga('send','event','story','click','email');}); if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.story__meta a').click(function(){ga('send','event','story','click','author');}); if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.navstory--prev a').click(function(){ga('send','event','prevnext','click','prev');}); if (typeof $ !== 'undefined') $('.navstory--next a').click(function(){ga('send','event','prevnext','click','next');}); </script> <!-- - - - - end:ga-events - - - - --> <!-- - - - - start:onesignal - - - - --> <script src="https://web.archive.org/web/20180221021857js_/https://cdn.onesignal.com/sdks/OneSignalSDK.js" async="async"></script> <script> var OneSignal = window.OneSignal || []; OneSignal.push(["init", { appId: "da41085a-a849-47c0-96e7-4b956b56f35e", /* Set to true to automatically prompt visitors */ autoRegister: true, // https://documentation.onesignal.com/docs/customize-permission-messages-1 notifyButton: { text: { 'tip.state.unsubscribed': 'Subscribe to notifications', 'tip.state.subscribed': "You're subscribed to notifications", 'tip.state.blocked': "You've blocked notifications", 'message.prenotify': 'Click to subscribe to notifications', 'message.action.subscribed': "Thanks for subscribing!", 'message.action.resubscribed': "You're subscribed to notifications", 'message.action.unsubscribed': "You won't receive notifications again", 'dialog.main.title': 'Manage Site Notifications', 'dialog.main.button.subscribe': 'SUBSCRIBE', 'dialog.main.button.unsubscribe': 'UNSUBSCRIBE', 'dialog.blocked.title': 'Unblock Notifications', 'dialog.blocked.message': "Follow these instructions to allow notifications:" }, /* Set to false to hide */ enable: false }, prenotify: true, persistNotification: false, showCredit: false, // Your other init options here promptOptions: { /* Change bold title, limited to 30 characters */ siteName: "Dawn.Com", /* Subtitle, limited to 90 characters */ actionMessage: "We'd like to show you notifications for the latest news and updates.", /* Example notification title */ exampleNotificationTitle: 'Subscribe for news updates', /* Example notification message */ exampleNotificationMessage: "", /* Text below example notification, limited to 50 characters */ exampleNotificationCaption: 'You can unsubscribe anytime', /* Accept button text, limited to 15 characters */ acceptButtonText: "ALLOW", /* Cancel button text, limited to 15 characters */ cancelButtonText: "NO THANKS" } }]); // OneSignal.setSubscription(true); OneSignal.push(function() { // forcefully popup for notification subscription // OneSignal.registerForPushNotifications(); // for debugging // OneSignal.log.setLevel('trace'); /*OneSignal.isPushNotificationsEnabled(function(isEnabled) { if (isEnabled) { console.log("Push notifications are enabled!"); } else { console.log("Push notifications are not enabled yet."); } });*/ }); </script> <!-- - - - - end:onesignal - - - - --> <script> function adBlockerPresent() { console.log('this is adBlockerPresent()'); if (window.matchMedia('(max-device-width: 750px)').matches) return; if ($('body').is('.hero')) return; adblockAlert(); $(window).scroll(function() { adblockAlert(); }); $(window).resize(function() { adblockAlert(); }); } function adBlockerAbsent() { // hide all ad blocker mesages in case of false positive $('.adblocker-overlay').hide(); $('.adblocker-modal').hide(); $('.adblock-alert').hide(); console.log('this is adBlockerAbsent()'); } function adblockAlert() { var dismissDelay = 3; var $modal = $('.adblocker-modal'); var $headroom = $('.headroom'); var $sticky = $('.adblock-alert'); var $modalOverlay = $('.adblocker-overlay') var $modalButton = $('.adblocker-modal__button').attr('disabled', 'disabled'); $modalButton.on('click', function() { $modalOverlay.css('display', 'none'); $modal.css('display', 'none'); Cookies.set('adblock-popup', true, {expires: 0.25}); }); $sticky.css('display', 'block').css('position', 'fixed'); // maintain position of adblocker warning on top and headroom displaced below it if (window.scrollY === 0) { $headroom.css('margin-top', 0); } else { $headroom.css('margin-top', $sticky.outerHeight() + 'px'); } // don't show modal if cookie hasn't expired yet if (Cookies.get('adblock-popup')) return; // modal is already visible, don't re-render it if ($modal.is(':visible')) return; $modalButton.html(dismissDelay) // show countdown on button var interval = setInterval(function() { if (dismissDelay == 0) { clearInterval(interval); $modalButton.html('Continue').removeAttr('disabled'); } else { $modalButton.html(dismissDelay); } dismissDelay--; }, 1000); $modalOverlay.css('display', 'block'); $modal.css('display', 'block'); } if(typeof blockAdBlock === 'undefined') { console.log('ad blocker is not defined'); $('.headroom .border--ends').attr("style", "border-top-color: #dcdcdc !important"); adBlockerPresent(); } else { blockAdBlock.setOption({ checkOnLoad: false, debug: true }); blockAdBlock.onDetected(adBlockerPresent).onNotDetected(adBlockerAbsent); } function checkAgain() { // setTimeout 300ms for the recheck is visible when you click on the button setTimeout(function() { if(typeof blockAdBlock === 'undefined') { adBlockerPresent(); } else { blockAdBlock.onDetected(adBlockerPresent).onNotDetected(adBlockerAbsent); blockAdBlock.check(); } }, 300); } </script> </footer> <!--2018-02-21 07:18:13--> </body> </html> <!-- FILE ARCHIVED ON 02:18:57 Feb 21, 2018 AND RETRIEVED FROM THE INTERNET ARCHIVE ON 12:09:59 Mar 04, 2025. JAVASCRIPT APPENDED BY WAYBACK MACHINE, COPYRIGHT INTERNET ARCHIVE. ALL OTHER CONTENT MAY ALSO BE PROTECTED BY COPYRIGHT (17 U.S.C. SECTION 108(a)(3)). --> <!-- playback timings (ms): captures_list: 5.085 exclusion.robots: 0.032 exclusion.robots.policy: 0.019 esindex: 0.013 cdx.remote: 24.009 LoadShardBlock: 205.496 (3) PetaboxLoader3.datanode: 132.941 (4) PetaboxLoader3.resolve: 138.05 (2) load_resource: 154.296 -->