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id="toc-Pedagogical_writings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pedagogical_writings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pedagogical writings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pedagogical_writings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_students" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_students"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notable students</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_students-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recordings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recordings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Recordings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recordings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hindemithon_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hindemithon_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Hindemithon Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hindemithon_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Paul Hindemith</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 52 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB" title="بول هيندميث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بول هيندميث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%9E%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82" title="Паўль Хіндэміт – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Паўль Хіндэміт" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Паул Хиндемит – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Паул Хиндемит" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%AC%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BB_%CE%A7%CE%AF%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%B9%CF%84" title="Πάουλ Χίντεμιτ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πάουλ Χίντεμιτ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%84_%D9%87%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="پل هیندمیت – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پل هیندمیت" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8C%8C%EC%9A%B8_%ED%9E%8C%EB%8D%B0%EB%AF%B8%ED%8A%B8" title="파울 힌데미트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="파울 힌데미트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AC_%D5%80%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A9" title="Պաուլ Հինդեմիթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Պաուլ Հինդեմիթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%95%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="פאול הינדמית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פאול הינדמית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Пауль Хиндемит – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пауль Хиндемит" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paulus_Hindemith" title="Paulus Hindemith – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Paulus Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pauls_Hindemits" title="Pauls Hindemits – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pauls Hindemits" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Паул Хиндемит – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Паул Хиндемит" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%87%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AB" title="بول هيندميث – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بول هيندميث" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%82%A6%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%92%E3%83%B3%E3%83%87%E3%83%9F%E3%83%83%E3%83%88" title="パウル・ヒンデミット – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パウル・ヒンデミット" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82,_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C" title="Хиндемит, Пауль – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Хиндемит, Пауль" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB_%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%82" title="Паул Хиндемит – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Паул Хиндемит" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C_%D0%93%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82" title="Пауль Гіндеміт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Пауль Гіндеміт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" title="Paul Hindemith – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Paul Hindemith" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E6%AC%A3%E5%BE%B7%E7%B1%B3%E7%89%B9" title="保羅·欣德米特 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="保羅·欣德米特" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hindemith&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Hindemith">Hindemith</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German composer (1895–1963)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Hindemith" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Hindemith_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Hindemith (disambiguation)">Hindemith (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Paul Hindemith</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Hindemith_1923.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Paul_Hindemith_1923.jpg/220px-Paul_Hindemith_1923.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="266" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Paul_Hindemith_1923.jpg/330px-Paul_Hindemith_1923.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/be/Paul_Hindemith_1923.jpg 2x" data-file-width="436" data-file-height="527" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Hindemith in 1923</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1895-11-16</span>)</span>16 November 1895<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a>, <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">German Empire</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">28 December 1963<span style="display:none">(1963-12-28)</span> (aged 68)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, <a href="/wiki/West_Germany" title="West Germany">West Germany</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hoch_Conservatory" title="Hoch Conservatory">Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupations</th><td class="infobox-data role"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>Violist</li> <li>Composer</li> <li>Academic teacher</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Organizations</th><td class="infobox-data org"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Oper_Frankfurt" title="Oper Frankfurt">Frankfurt Opera Orchestra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amar_Quartet" title="Amar Quartet">Amar Quartet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donaueschingen_Festival" title="Donaueschingen Festival">Donaueschingen Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Zürich">University of Zürich</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Works</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Paul_Hindemith" title="List of compositions by Paul Hindemith">Compositions</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howland_Memorial_Prize" title="Howland Memorial Prize">Howland Memorial Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite" title="Pour le Mérite">Pour le Mérite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Wihuri Sibelius Prize">Wihuri Sibelius Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balzan_Prize" title="Balzan Prize">Balzan Prize</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Paul Hindemith</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'p' in 'pie'">p</span><span title="/aʊ/: 'ou' in 'mouth'">aʊ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span></span><span class="wrap"> </span><span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'h' in 'hi'">h</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">POWL</span> <span style="font-size:90%">HIN</span>-də-mit</i></a>; <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˌpaʊ̯l<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈhɪndəmɪt]</a></span> <span class="noprint"><span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="ext-phonos-PhonosButton noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/a\/a4\/De-Paul_Hindemith.ogg\/De-Paul_Hindemith.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"De-Paul Hindemith.ogg"},"classes":["ext-phonos-PhonosButton","noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/a4/De-Paul_Hindemith.ogg/De-Paul_Hindemith.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:De-Paul_Hindemith.ogg" title="File:De-Paul Hindemith.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>; 16 November 1895 – 28 December 1963) was a German and American composer, <a href="/wiki/Music_theorist" class="mw-redirect" title="Music theorist">music theorist</a>, teacher, <a href="/wiki/Violist" class="mw-redirect" title="Violist">violist</a> and conductor. He founded the <a href="/wiki/Amar_Quartet" title="Amar Quartet">Amar Quartet</a> in 1921, touring extensively in Europe. As a composer, he became a major advocate of the <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Sachlichkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Neue Sachlichkeit">Neue Sachlichkeit</a></i> (New Objectivity) style of music in the 1920s, with compositions such as <i><a href="/wiki/Kammermusik_(Hindemith)" title="Kammermusik (Hindemith)">Kammermusik</a></i>, including works with viola and <a href="/wiki/Viola_d%27amore" title="Viola d'amore">viola d'amore</a> as solo instruments in a neo-<a href="/wiki/Bach" class="mw-redirect" title="Bach">Bachian</a> spirit. Other notable compositions include his song cycle <i><a href="/wiki/Das_Marienleben" title="Das Marienleben">Das Marienleben</a></i> (1923), <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Schwanendreher" title="Der Schwanendreher">Der Schwanendreher</a></i> for viola and orchestra (1935), the opera <i><a href="/wiki/Mathis_der_Maler_(opera)" title="Mathis der Maler (opera)">Mathis der Maler</a></i> (1938), the <i><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Metamorphosis_of_Themes_by_Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber">Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber</a></i> (1943), and the oratorio <i><a href="/wiki/When_Lilacs_Last_in_the_Dooryard_Bloom%27d_(Hindemith)" title="When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd (Hindemith)">When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd</a></i> (1946), a requiem based on <a href="/wiki/When_Lilacs_Last_in_the_Dooryard_Bloom%27d" title="When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd">Walt Whitman's poem</a>. Hindemith and his wife emigrated to Switzerland and the United States ahead of World War II, after worsening difficulties with the <a href="/wiki/Nazi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nazi">Nazi</a> German regime. In his later years, he conducted and recorded much of his own music. </p><p>Most of Hindemith's compositions are anchored by a <a href="/wiki/Tonic_(music)" title="Tonic (music)">foundational tone</a>, and use <a href="/wiki/Musical_form" title="Musical form">musical forms</a> and <a href="/wiki/Counterpoint" title="Counterpoint">counterpoint</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cadence" title="Cadence">cadences</a> typical of the Baroque and Classical traditions. His harmonic language is more modern, freely using all 12 notes of the <a href="/wiki/Chromatic_scale" title="Chromatic scale">chromatic scale</a> within his tonal framework, as detailed in his three-volume treatise, <i>The Craft of Musical Composition</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life_and_career">Life and career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Life and career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Paul Hindemith was born in <a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>, the eldest child of the painter and decorator Robert Hindemith from Lower Silesia and his wife Marie Hindemith, née Warnecke.<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was taught the violin as a child. He entered Frankfurt's <a href="/wiki/Hoch_Conservatory" title="Hoch Conservatory">Dr. Hoch's Konservatorium</a>, where he studied violin with <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Rebner" title="Adolf Rebner">Adolf Rebner</a>, as well as conducting and composition with <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Mendelssohn" title="Arnold Mendelssohn">Arnold Mendelssohn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bernhard_Sekles" title="Bernhard Sekles">Bernhard Sekles</a>. At first he supported himself by playing in dance bands and musical-comedy groups. He became deputy leader of the <a href="/wiki/Oper_Frankfurt" title="Oper Frankfurt">Frankfurt Opera Orchestra</a> in 1914 and was promoted to <a href="/wiki/Concertmaster" title="Concertmaster">concertmaster</a> in 1916.<sup id="cite_ref-Mootz_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Mootz-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He played second violin in the <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Rebner" title="Adolf Rebner">Rebner</a> <a href="/wiki/String_quartet" title="String quartet">String Quartet</a> from 1914. </p><p>After his father's 1915 death in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, Hindemith was conscripted into the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_German_Army" title="Imperial German Army">Imperial German Army</a> in September 1917 and sent to a regiment in <a href="/wiki/Alsace" title="Alsace">Alsace</a> in January 1918.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There he was assigned to play bass drum in the regiment band, and also formed a string quartet. In May 1918 he was deployed to the front in <a href="/wiki/Flanders" title="Flanders">Flanders</a>, where he served as a sentry; his diary has him "surviving grenade attacks only by good luck", according to <i><a href="/wiki/New_Grove_Dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="New Grove Dictionary">New Grove Dictionary</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the armistice he returned to Frankfurt and the Rebner Quartet.<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1921, Hindemith founded the <a href="/wiki/Amar_Quartet" title="Amar Quartet">Amar Quartet</a>, playing viola, and extensively toured Europe with an emphasis on contemporary music. His younger brother <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Hindemith" title="Rudolf Hindemith">Rudolf</a> was the original cellist.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac" title="File:Hindemith - Marienleben 1.flac"><i>Das Marienleben</i></a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="13" data-mwtitle="Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac/Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1d/Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac/Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/1/1d/Hindemith_-_Marienleben_1.flac" type="audio/flac" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">the opening of the song cycle</div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>As a composer, he became a major advocate of the <i><a href="/wiki/Neue_Sachlichkeit" class="mw-redirect" title="Neue Sachlichkeit">Neue Sachlichkeit</a></i> (New Objectivity) style of music in the 1920s, with compositions such as <i><a href="/wiki/Kammermusik_(Hindemith)" title="Kammermusik (Hindemith)">Kammermusik</a></i>. Reminiscent of Bach's <i><a href="/wiki/Brandenburg_Concertos" title="Brandenburg Concertos">Brandenburg Concertos</a></i>, they include works with viola and viola d'amore as solo instruments in a neo-Bachian spirit.<sup id="cite_ref-www.roh.org.uk_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.roh.org.uk-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1922, some of his pieces were played in the <a href="/wiki/International_Society_for_Contemporary_Music" title="International Society for Contemporary Music">International Society for Contemporary Music</a> festival at <a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a>, which first brought him to the attention of an international audience. The next year, he composed the <a href="/wiki/Song_cycle" title="Song cycle">song cycle</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Das_Marienleben" title="Das Marienleben">Das Marienleben</a></i> (<i>The Life of Mary</i>) and began to work as an organizer of the <a href="/wiki/Donaueschingen_Festival" title="Donaueschingen Festival">Donaueschingen Festival</a>, where he programmed works by several <a href="/wiki/Avant-garde" title="Avant-garde">avant-garde</a> composers, including <a href="/wiki/Anton_Webern" title="Anton Webern">Anton Webern</a> and <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schoenberg" title="Arnold Schoenberg">Arnold Schoenberg</a>. In 1927 he was appointed Professor at the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_University_of_the_Arts" title="Berlin University of the Arts">Berliner Hochschule für Musik</a> in Berlin.<sup id="cite_ref-Dict._6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dict.-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hindemith wrote the music for <a href="/wiki/Hans_Richter_(artist)" title="Hans Richter (artist)">Hans Richter</a>'s 1928 avant-garde film <i><a href="/wiki/Ghosts_Before_Breakfast" title="Ghosts Before Breakfast">Ghosts Before Breakfast</a></i> (<i>Vormittagsspuk</i>) and also acted in the film; the score and original film were later <a href="/wiki/Nazi_book_burnings" title="Nazi book burnings">burned by the Nazis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1929, Hindemith played the solo part in the premiere of <a href="/wiki/William_Walton" title="William Walton">William Walton</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Viola_Concerto_(Walton)" title="Viola Concerto (Walton)">viola concerto</a>, after <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Tertis" title="Lionel Tertis">Lionel Tertis</a>, for whom it was written, turned it down. </p><p>On 15 May 1924, Hindemith married the actress and singer Gertrud (Johanna Gertrude) Rottenberg (1900–1967).<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The marriage was childless.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazis</a>' relationship to Hindemith's music was complicated. Some condemned his music as "<a href="/wiki/Degenerate_art" title="Degenerate art">degenerate</a>" (largely based on his early, sexually charged operas such as <i><a href="/wiki/Sancta_Susanna" title="Sancta Susanna">Sancta Susanna</a></i>). In December 1934, during a speech at the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Sports_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin Sports Palace">Berlin Sports Palace</a>, Germany's Minister of Propaganda <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Goebbels" title="Joseph Goebbels">Joseph Goebbels</a> publicly denounced Hindemith as an "atonal noisemaker".<sup id="cite_ref-turk_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turk-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Nazis banned his music in October 1936, and he was subsequently included in the 1938 <a href="/wiki/Degenerate_music" title="Degenerate music">Entartete Musik</a> (Degenerate Music) exhibition in <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ORT_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ORT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other officials working in <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Germany" title="Nazi Germany">Nazi Germany</a>, though, thought that he might provide Germany with an example of a modern German composer, as, by this time, he was writing music based in tonality, with frequent references to folk music. The conductor <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Furtw%C3%A4ngler" title="Wilhelm Furtwängler">Wilhelm Furtwängler</a>'s defence of Hindemith, published in 1934, takes this line.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The controversy around his work continued throughout the thirties, with Hindemith falling in and out of favour with the Nazis. </p><p>During the 1930s, Hindemith visited <a href="/wiki/Cairo" title="Cairo">Cairo</a> and also <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a> several times. He accepted an invitation from the Turkish government to oversee the creation of a music school in Ankara in 1935, after Goebbels had pressured him to request an indefinite leave of absence from the Berlin Academy.<sup id="cite_ref-ORT_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ORT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Turkey, he was the leading figure of a new music pedagogy in the era of president <a href="/wiki/Kemal_Atat%C3%BCrk" class="mw-redirect" title="Kemal Atatürk">Kemal Atatürk</a>. His deputy was <a href="/wiki/Eduard_Zuckmayer" title="Eduard Zuckmayer">Eduard Zuckmayer</a>. Hindemith led the reorganization of Turkish music education and the early efforts to establish the <a href="/wiki/Turkish_State_Opera_and_Ballet" title="Turkish State Opera and Ballet">Turkish State Opera and Ballet</a>. He did not stay in Turkey as long as many other émigrés, but he greatly influenced Turkish musical life; the <a href="/wiki/Ankara_State_Conservatory" class="mw-redirect" title="Ankara State Conservatory">Ankara State Conservatory</a> owes much to his efforts. Young Turkish musicians regarded Hindemith as a "real master", and he was appreciated and greatly respected.<sup id="cite_ref-turk_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-turk-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg/220px-Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="271" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg/330px-Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg/440px-Paul_Hindemith_USA.jpg 2x" data-file-width="481" data-file-height="592" /></a><figcaption>Hindemith during the 1940s</figcaption></figure> <p>Toward the end of the 1930s, Hindemith made several tours of America as a viola and <a href="/wiki/Viola_d%27amore" title="Viola d'amore">viola d'amore</a> soloist. </p><p>He emigrated to <a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland">Switzerland</a> in 1938, partly because his wife was of part-Jewish ancestry.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>At the same time that he was codifying his musical language, Hindemith's teaching and compositions began to be affected by his theories, according to critics such as <a href="/wiki/Ernest_Ansermet" title="Ernest Ansermet">Ernest Ansermet</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arriving in the U.S. in 1940, he taught primarily at <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he founded the Yale Collegium Musicum.<sup id="cite_ref-www.roh.org.uk_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.roh.org.uk-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had such notable students as <a href="/wiki/Lukas_Foss" title="Lukas Foss">Lukas Foss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graham_George" title="Graham George">Graham George</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Hill_(jazz_musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Andrew Hill (jazz musician)">Andrew Hill</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norman_Dello_Joio" title="Norman Dello Joio">Norman Dello Joio</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mel_Powell" title="Mel Powell">Mel Powell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yehudi_Wyner" title="Yehudi Wyner">Yehudi Wyner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harold_Shapero" title="Harold Shapero">Harold Shapero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hans_Otte" title="Hans Otte">Hans Otte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ruth_Sch%C3%B6nthal" title="Ruth Schönthal">Ruth Schönthal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Adler_(composer)" title="Samuel Adler (composer)">Samuel Adler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Sarason" title="Leonard Sarason">Leonard Sarason</a>, Fenno Heath, <a href="/wiki/Tony_Awards" title="Tony Awards">Tony</a>-winning composer <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Leigh" title="Mitch Leigh">Mitch Leigh</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Awards" title="Academy Awards">Oscar</a>-winning film director <a href="/wiki/George_Roy_Hill" title="George Roy Hill">George Roy Hill</a>. Hindemith also taught at the <a href="/wiki/University_at_Buffalo" title="University at Buffalo">University at Buffalo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cornell_University" title="Cornell University">Cornell University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Wells_College" title="Wells College">Wells College</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During this time he gave the <a href="/wiki/Charles_Eliot_Norton_Lectures" title="Charles Eliot Norton Lectures">Charles Eliot Norton Lectures</a> at <a href="/wiki/Harvard" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard">Harvard</a>, from which the book <i>A Composer's World</i> (1952) was extracted.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hindemith had a long friendship with <a href="/wiki/Erich_Katz" title="Erich Katz">Erich Katz</a>, whose compositions were influenced by him.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also among Hindemith's students were the future rocket scientist <a href="/wiki/Wernher_von_Braun" title="Wernher von Braun">Wernher von Braun</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the composers <a href="/wiki/Franz_Reizenstein" title="Franz Reizenstein">Franz Reizenstein</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harald_Genzmer" title="Harald Genzmer">Harald Genzmer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Oskar_Sala" title="Oskar Sala">Oskar Sala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Cooke" title="Arnold Cooke">Arnold Cooke</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Robert_Strassburg" title="Robert Strassburg">Robert Strassburg</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_music_students_by_teacher:_G_to_J#Paul_Hindemith" title="List of music students by teacher: G to J">dozens of other notables</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HindemithWihuri.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/HindemithWihuri.jpg/220px-HindemithWihuri.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/HindemithWihuri.jpg/330px-HindemithWihuri.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/HindemithWihuri.jpg/440px-HindemithWihuri.jpg 2x" data-file-width="761" data-file-height="607" /></a><figcaption>Hindemith (left) received the <a href="/wiki/Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Wihuri Sibelius Prize">Wihuri Sibelius Prize</a> in 1955 from <a href="/wiki/Jenny_and_Antti_Wihuri_Foundation" title="Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation">Antti Wihuri</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Hindemith became a <a href="/wiki/Citizenship_of_the_United_States" title="Citizenship of the United States">U.S. citizen</a> in 1946, but returned to Europe in 1953, living in <a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Zürich">Zürich</a> and teaching at the university there until he retired from teaching in 1957.<sup id="cite_ref-www.roh.org.uk_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-www.roh.org.uk-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ORT_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ORT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Toward the end of his life he began to conduct more and made numerous recordings, mostly of his own music.<sup id="cite_ref-ORT_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ORT-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1954, an anonymous critic for <i>Opera</i> magazine, having attended a performance of Hindemith's <i><a href="/wiki/Neues_vom_Tage" title="Neues vom Tage">Neues vom Tage</a></i>, wrote: "Mr Hindemith is no virtuoso conductor, but he does possess an extraordinary knack of making performers understand how his own music is supposed to go."<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hindemith received the <a href="/wiki/Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Wihuri Sibelius Prize">Wihuri Sibelius Prize</a> in 1955.<sup id="cite_ref-Obituary_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obituary-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Balzan_Prize" title="Balzan Prize">Balzan Prize</a> in 1962 "for the wealth, extent and variety of his work, which is among the most valid in contemporary music, and which contains masterpieces of opera, symphonic and chamber music."<sup id="cite_ref-Obituary_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Obituary-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:HindemithGrab.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/HindemithGrab.JPG/220px-HindemithGrab.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/HindemithGrab.JPG/330px-HindemithGrab.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/HindemithGrab.JPG/440px-HindemithGrab.JPG 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Swiss gravesite</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite a prolonged decline in his physical health, Hindemith composed almost until his death. He died in Frankfurt from <a href="/wiki/Pancreatitis" title="Pancreatitis">pancreatitis</a>, aged 68. He and his wife are buried in Cimetière La Chiésaz, <a href="/wiki/Saint-L%C3%A9gier-La_Chi%C3%A9saz" title="Saint-Légier-La Chiésaz">La Chiésaz</a>, Canton of Vaud, Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Music">Music</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hindemith is among the most significant German composers of his time. His early works are in a late <a href="/wiki/Romantic_music" title="Romantic music">romantic</a> idiom, and he later produced <a href="/wiki/Expressionist" class="mw-redirect" title="Expressionist">expressionist</a> works, rather in the style of the early <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schoenberg" title="Arnold Schoenberg">Schoenberg</a>, before developing a leaner, <a href="/wiki/Contrapuntal" class="mw-redirect" title="Contrapuntal">contrapuntally</a> complex style in the 1920s. This style has been described as <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Neoclassicism (music)">neoclassical</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but is quite different from the works by <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a> labeled with that term, owing more to the contrapuntal language of <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a> and <a href="/wiki/Max_Reger" title="Max Reger">Max Reger</a> than the Classical clarity of <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Mozart</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1096940132"><div class="side-box side-box-right listen noprint"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/50px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/75px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg/100px-Gnome-mime-sound-openclipart.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul_Hindemith_-_Kleine_Kammermusik.ogg" title="File:Paul Hindemith - Kleine Kammermusik.ogg"><i>Kleine Kammermusik</i></a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="232" style="width:232px;" data-durationhint="824" data-mwtitle="Paul_Hindemith_-_Kleine_Kammermusik.ogg" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/09/Paul_Hindemith_-_Kleine_Kammermusik.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/0/09/Paul_Hindemith_-_Kleine_Kammermusik.ogg/Paul_Hindemith_-_Kleine_Kammermusik.ogg.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">performed by the <a href="/wiki/Soni_Ventorum_Wind_Quintet" title="Soni Ventorum Wind Quintet">Soni Ventorum Wind Quintet</a></div></div></div></div> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"><hr /><i class="selfreference">Problems playing this file? See <a href="/wiki/Help:Media" title="Help:Media">media help</a>.</i></div> </div> <p>The new style can be heard in the series of works called <i><a href="/wiki/Kammermusik_(Hindemith)" title="Kammermusik (Hindemith)">Kammermusik</a></i> (Chamber Music) from 1922 to 1927. Each of these pieces is written for a different small instrumental ensemble, many of them very unusual. <i><a href="/wiki/Kammermusik_(Hindemith)" title="Kammermusik (Hindemith)">Kammermusik No. 6</a></i>, for example, is a concerto for the <a href="/wiki/Viola_d%27amore" title="Viola d'amore">viola d'amore</a>, an instrument that has not been in wide use since the <a href="/wiki/Baroque_music" title="Baroque music">baroque</a> period, but which Hindemith himself played. He continued to write for unusual groups of instruments throughout his life, producing (for example) a trio for viola, <a href="/wiki/Heckelphone" title="Heckelphone">heckelphone</a> and piano (1928), seven trios for three <a href="/wiki/Trautonium" title="Trautonium">trautoniums</a> (1930), a <a href="/wiki/Sonata_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sonata (music)">sonata</a> for double bass, and a concerto for trumpet, bassoon, and strings (both in 1949). </p><p>In the 1930s Hindemith began to write less for <a href="/wiki/Chamber_music" title="Chamber music">chamber music</a> groups, and more for large orchestral forces. He wrote his opera <i><a href="/wiki/Mathis_der_Maler_(opera)" title="Mathis der Maler (opera)">Mathis der Maler</a></i>, based on the life of the painter <a href="/wiki/Matthias_Gr%C3%BCnewald" title="Matthias Grünewald">Matthias Grünewald</a>, in 1933–1935. This opera is rarely staged, though a well-known production by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Opera" title="New York City Opera">New York City Opera</a> in 1995 was an exception.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It combines the neo-classicism of earlier works with <a href="/wiki/Folk_song" class="mw-redirect" title="Folk song">folk song</a>. As a preliminary stage to the composing of this opera, Hindemith wrote a purely instrumental <a href="/wiki/Symphony" title="Symphony">symphony</a> also called <i><a href="/wiki/Mathis_der_Maler_(symphony)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathis der Maler (symphony)">Mathis der Maler</a></i>, which is one of his most frequently performed works. In the opera, some portions of the symphony appear as instrumental interludes; others were elaborated in vocal scenes. </p><p>Hindemith wrote <i><a href="/wiki/Gebrauchsmusik" title="Gebrauchsmusik">Gebrauchsmusik</a></i> (Music for Use)—compositions intended to have a social or political purpose and sometimes written to be played by amateurs. The concept was inspired by <a href="/wiki/Bertolt_Brecht" title="Bertolt Brecht">Bertolt Brecht</a>. An example of this is Hindemith's <i><a href="/wiki/Trauermusik" title="Trauermusik">Trauermusik</a></i> (Funeral Music), written in January 1936. He was preparing the London premiere of his viola concerto <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Schwanendreher" title="Der Schwanendreher">Der Schwanendreher</a></i> when he heard news of the death of <a href="/wiki/George_V" title="George V">George V</a>. He quickly wrote <i>Trauermusik</i> for solo viola and string orchestra in tribute to the late king, and the premiere was given that same evening, the day after the king's death.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other examples of Hindemith's <i>Gebrauchsmusik</i> include: </p> <ul><li>the <i>Plöner Musiktage</i> (1932), a series of pieces written for a day of community music-making in the city of <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%B6n" title="Plön">Plön</a>, culminating in an evening concert by grammar-school students and teachers.</li> <li>a Scherzo for viola and cello (1934), written in several hours during a series of recording sessions as a "filler" for an unexpected blank side of a 78 rpm album, and recorded immediately upon its completion.</li> <li><i>Wir bauen eine Stadt</i> ("We're Building a City"), an opera for eight-year-olds (1930).</li></ul> <p>Hindemith's most popular work, both on record and in the concert hall, is probably the <i>Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber</i>, written in 1943. It takes <a href="/wiki/Melodies" class="mw-redirect" title="Melodies">melodies</a> from various works by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Carl Maria von Weber</a>, mainly piano duets, but also one from the overture to his <a href="/wiki/Incidental_music" title="Incidental music">incidental music</a> for <i><a href="/wiki/Turandot_(Gozzi)" title="Turandot (Gozzi)">Turandot</a></i> (Op. 37/J. 75), and transforms and adapts them so that each movement of the piece is based on one theme. </p><p>In 1951, Hindemith completed his <i><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_B-flat_for_Band" class="mw-redirect" title="Symphony in B-flat for Band">Symphony in B-flat</a></i>. Scored for <a href="/wiki/Concert_band" title="Concert band">concert band</a>, it was written for the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Band" title="United States Army Band">U.S. Army Band "Pershing's Own"</a>. Hindemith premiered it with that band on 5 April of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its second performance took place under the baton of Hugh McMillan, conducting the Boulder Symphonic Band at the University of Colorado. The piece is representative of Hindemith's late works, exhibiting strong contrapuntal lines throughout, and is a cornerstone of the band repertoire. He recorded it in stereo with members of the <a href="/wiki/Philharmonia_Orchestra" title="Philharmonia Orchestra">Philharmonia Orchestra</a> for <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a> in 1956. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Musical_system">Musical system</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Musical system"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hindemith,_Flute_Sonata,_II_quartal_harmony.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Hindemith%2C_Flute_Sonata%2C_II_quartal_harmony.png" decoding="async" width="378" height="264" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="378" data-file-height="264" /></a><figcaption>Opening of 2nd movement of Hindemith's Flute Sonata (1936) <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_2" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="32" data-mwtitle="Hindemith,_Flute_Sonata,_II_quartal_harmony.mid" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/51/Hindemith%2C_Flute_Sonata%2C_II_quartal_harmony.mid" type="audio/midi" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/Hindemith%2C_Flute_Sonata%2C_II_quartal_harmony.mid/Hindemith%2C_Flute_Sonata%2C_II_quartal_harmony.mid.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/Hindemith%2C_Flute_Sonata%2C_II_quartal_harmony.mid/Hindemith%2C_Flute_Sonata%2C_II_quartal_harmony.mid.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></figcaption></figure> <p>Most of Hindemith's music employs a unique system that is tonal but non-<a href="/wiki/Diatonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Diatonic">diatonic</a>, often notated without a traditional <a href="/wiki/Key_signature" title="Key signature">key signature</a>. Like most tonal music, it is centred on a tonic and modulates from one tonal centre to another, but it "attempts ... the free use of all the twelve tones of the <a href="/wiki/Chromatic_scale" title="Chromatic scale">chromatic scale</a>",<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> rather than relying on a <a href="/wiki/Diatonic_scale" title="Diatonic scale">diatonic scale</a> as a restricted subset of these notes. He even rewrote some of his music after developing this system. One of the core features of Hindemith's system is a ranking of all musical <a href="/wiki/Interval_(music)" title="Interval (music)">intervals</a> of the 12-tone equally tempered scale, from the most <a href="/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonance" title="Consonance and dissonance">consonant</a> to the most <a href="/wiki/Consonance_and_dissonance" title="Consonance and dissonance">dissonant</a>. He classifies chords in six categories, on the basis of dissonance, whether they contain a tritone, and whether they clearly suggest a root or tonal centre. His philosophy also encompassed melody—he strove for melodies that do not clearly outline major or minor triads.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the late 1930s Hindemith wrote an instructional treatise in three volumes, <i>The Craft of Musical Composition</i>, which lays out this system in great detail. He also advocated this system as a means of understanding and analyzing the harmonic structure of other music, claiming that it has a broader reach than the traditional <a href="/wiki/Roman_numeral_analysis" title="Roman numeral analysis">Roman numeral</a> approach to chords (an approach strongly tied to diatonic scales). In the final chapter of Book 1, Hindemith seeks to illustrate the wide-ranging relevance and applicability of his system, analyzing musical examples from the medieval to the contemporary. These analyses include the early Gregorian melody <i><a href="/wiki/Dies_irae" title="Dies irae">Dies irae</a></i>, compositions by <a href="/wiki/Guillaume_de_Machaut" title="Guillaume de Machaut">Guillaume de Machaut</a>, <a href="/wiki/J._S._Bach" class="mw-redirect" title="J. S. Bach">J. S. Bach</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Schoenberg" title="Arnold Schoenberg">Arnold Schoenberg</a>, and a composition of his own.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Hindemith's 1942 piano work <i><a href="/wiki/Ludus_Tonalis" title="Ludus Tonalis">Ludus Tonalis</a></i> contains twelve <a href="/wiki/Fugue" title="Fugue">fugues</a>, in the manner of <a href="/wiki/Johann_Sebastian_Bach" title="Johann Sebastian Bach">Johann Sebastian Bach</a>, using traditional devices like inversion, diminution, augmentation, retrogradation, stretto, etc. Each fugue is connected by an <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/interlude" class="extiw" title="wikt:interlude">interlude</a> to the next, during which the music moves from the <a href="/wiki/Key_(music)" title="Key (music)">key</a> of the last to its successor. The order of the keys follows Hindemith's ranking of musical intervals around the tonal center of C.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another traditional aspect of classical music that Hindemith retains is the idea of dissonance resolving to consonance. Much of Hindemith's music begins in consonant territory, progresses into dissonant tension, and resolves in full, consonant chords and <a href="/wiki/Cadence" title="Cadence">cadences</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is especially apparent in his <i><a href="/wiki/Konzertmusik_for_Brass_and_String_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Konzertmusik for Brass and String Orchestra">Concert Music for Strings and Brass</a></i> (1930). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards_and_honors">Awards and honors</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Awards and honors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Musik_Meile_Wien,_Paul_Hindemith_(36).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Musik_Meile_Wien%2C_Paul_Hindemith_%2836%29.jpg/220px-Musik_Meile_Wien%2C_Paul_Hindemith_%2836%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Musik_Meile_Wien%2C_Paul_Hindemith_%2836%29.jpg/330px-Musik_Meile_Wien%2C_Paul_Hindemith_%2836%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Musik_Meile_Wien%2C_Paul_Hindemith_%2836%29.jpg/440px-Musik_Meile_Wien%2C_Paul_Hindemith_%2836%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3856" data-file-height="3354" /></a><figcaption>Walk of Fame, Vienna</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg/220px-Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg/330px-Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg/440px-Paul-Hindemith-Anlage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Paul Hindemith Park, Frankfurt</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Howland_Memorial_Prize" title="Howland Memorial Prize">Howland Memorial Prize</a> (1940), awarded by <a href="/wiki/Yale_University" title="Yale University">Yale University</a><sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-info_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-info-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Elected to <a href="/wiki/American_Academy_of_Arts_and_Sciences" title="American Academy of Arts and Sciences">American Academy of Arts and Sciences</a> (1940)<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" title="Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg">Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg</a> (1951)<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Order <a href="/wiki/Pour_le_M%C3%A9rite" title="Pour le Mérite">Pour le Mérite</a> (1952)<sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Wihuri Sibelius Prize">Wihuri Sibelius Prize</a> (1955)<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goethe_Plaque_of_the_City_of_Frankfurt" title="Goethe Plaque of the City of Frankfurt">Goethe Plaque of the City of Frankfurt</a> (1955)<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Elected to the <a href="/wiki/American_Philosophical_Society" title="American Philosophical Society">American Philosophical Society</a> (1962)<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balzan_Prize" title="Balzan Prize">Balzan Prize</a> (1963)<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/5157_Hindemith" class="mw-redirect" title="5157 Hindemith">5157 Hindemith</a> (1973), asteroid discovered and named for him<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Honorary_doctorates">Honorary doctorates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Honorary doctorates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Philadelphia_Academy_of_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Philadelphia Academy of Music">Philadelphia Academy of Music</a> (1945)<sup id="cite_ref-info_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-info-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> (1948)<sup id="cite_ref-info_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-info-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goethe_University_Frankfurt" title="Goethe University Frankfurt">Goethe University Frankfurt</a> (1949)<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FU_Berlin" class="mw-redirect" title="FU Berlin">FU Berlin</a> (1950)<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a> (1954)<sup id="cite_ref-lexm_1-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Schott_35-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Compositions">Compositions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Compositions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Paul_Hindemith" title="List of compositions by Paul Hindemith">List of compositions by Paul Hindemith</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_operas_by_Paul_Hindemith" title="List of operas by Paul Hindemith">List of operas by Paul Hindemith</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pedagogical_writings">Pedagogical writings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Pedagogical writings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hindemith's complete set of instructional books, in possible educational order: </p> <ul><li><i>Elementary Training for Musicians</i>. London: Schott; New York: Associated Music Publishers, 1946. <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-16-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-16-9">978-0-901938-16-9</a></li> <li><i>A Concentrated Course in Traditional Harmony</i></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>Book 1: With Emphasis on Exercises and a Minimum of Rules</i>, revised edition. New York: Schott, 1968. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-42-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-42-8">978-0-901938-42-8</a></dd> <dd><i>Book 2: Exercises for Advanced Students</i>, translated by Arthur Mendel. New York: Schott, 1964. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-43-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-43-5">978-0-901938-43-5</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140701100137/http://noty-naputi.info/sites/default/files/Musical%20Composition-Hindemit.pdf"><i>The Craft of Musical Composition</i></a></li></ul> <dl><dd><dl><dd><i>Book 1: Theoretical Part</i>, translated by Arthur Mendel. London: Schott; New York: Associated Music Publishers, 1942. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-30-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-30-5">978-0-901938-30-5</a></dd> <dd><i>Book 2: Exercises in Two-Part Writing</i>, translated by Otto Ortmann. London: Schott; New York: Associated Music Publishers, 1941. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-41-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-901938-41-1">978-0-901938-41-1</a></dd> <dd><i>Book 3: Übungsbuch für den dreistimmigen Satz [Exercises in Three-Part Writing]</i>. Mainz: Schott, 1970. Only available in the original German. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7957-1605-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7957-1605-9">978-3-7957-1605-9</a></dd></dl></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_students">Notable students</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable students"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For Hindemith's notable students, see <a href="/wiki/List_of_music_students_by_teacher:_G_to_J#Paul_Hindemith" title="List of music students by teacher: G to J">List of music students by teacher: G to J § Paul Hindemith</a>.</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recordings">Recordings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Recordings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hindemith was a prolific composer.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He conducted some of his own music in a series of recordings for <a href="/wiki/EMI" title="EMI">EMI</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Philharmonia_Orchestra" title="Philharmonia Orchestra">Philharmonia Orchestra</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Grammophon" title="Deutsche Grammophon">Deutsche Grammophon</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Philharmonic_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra">Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra</a>, which have been digitally remastered and released on CD.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Violin Concerto was also recorded by <a href="/wiki/Decca_Records" title="Decca Records">Decca/London</a>, with the composer conducting the <a href="/wiki/London_Symphony_Orchestra" title="London Symphony Orchestra">London Symphony Orchestra</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Oistrakh" title="David Oistrakh">David Oistrakh</a> as soloist. <a href="/wiki/Everest_Records" title="Everest Records">Everest Records</a> issued a recording of Hindemith's postwar <i><a href="/wiki/When_Lilacs_Last_in_the_Dooryard_Bloom%27d_(Hindemith)" title="When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd (Hindemith)">When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd</a></i> ("A Requiem for Those We Love") on LP, conducted by Hindemith. A stereo recording of Hindemith conducting the requiem with the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Philharmonic_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Philharmonic Orchestra">New York Philharmonic Orchestra</a>, with Louise Parker and <a href="/wiki/George_London_(bass-baritone)" title="George London (bass-baritone)">George London</a> as soloists, was made for <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a> in 1963 and later issued on CD. He also appeared on television as a guest conductor of the <a href="/wiki/Chicago_Symphony_Orchestra" title="Chicago Symphony Orchestra">Chicago Symphony Orchestra</a>'s nationally syndicated "Music from Chicago" series; the performances have been released by <a href="/wiki/Video_Artists_International" title="Video Artists International">VAI</a> on home video. A complete collection of Hindemith's orchestral music was recorded by German and Australian orchestras, all conducted by <a href="/wiki/Werner_Andreas_Albert" title="Werner Andreas Albert">Werner Andreas Albert</a> and released on the <a href="/wiki/Classic_Produktion_Osnabr%C3%BCck" title="Classic Produktion Osnabrück">CPO</a> label. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Hindemithon_Festival">Hindemithon Festival</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Hindemithon Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>An annual festival of Hindemith's music has been held at <a href="/wiki/William_Paterson_University" title="William Paterson University">William Paterson University</a> in Wayne, New Jersey, from 2003 through at least 2017. It features student, staff, and professional musicians performing a range of Hindemith's works.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hindemith_Prize_of_the_City_of_Hanau" title="Hindemith Prize of the City of Hanau">Hindemith Prize of the City of Hanau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindemith_Prize" title="Hindemith Prize">Hindemith Prize</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein_Musik_Festival" title="Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival">Schleswig-Holstein Musik Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_written_in_all_major_and/or_minor_keys" class="mw-redirect" title="Music written in all major and/or minor keys">Music written in all major and/or minor keys</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notes">Notes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-lexm-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-lexm_1-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMaurer_Zenck2018" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Maurer Zenck, Claudia (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexm.uni-hamburg.de/object/lexm_lexmperson_00002010">"Paul Hindemith"</a>. In Maurer Zenck, Claudia; Petersen, Peter; Fetthauer, Sophie (eds.). <i><a href="/wiki/Lexikon_verfolgter_Musiker_und_Musikerinnen_der_NS-Zeit" title="Lexikon verfolgter Musiker und Musikerinnen der NS-Zeit">Lexikon verfolgter Musiker und Musikerinnen der NS-Zeit</a></i>. Hamburg: Universität Hamburg<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith&rft.btitle=Lexikon+verfolgter+Musiker+und+Musikerinnen+der+NS-Zeit&rft.place=Hamburg&rft.pub=Universit%C3%A4t+Hamburg&rft.date=2018&rft.aulast=Maurer+Zenck&rft.aufirst=Claudia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexm.uni-hamburg.de%2Fobject%2Flexm_lexmperson_00002010&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Mootz-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Mootz_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMootz1950" class="citation news cs1">Mootz, William (19 February 1950). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52000849/paul-hindemith-mootz/">"Hindemith To Conduct Sinfonietta Here Next Week"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Courier-Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="The Courier-Journal">The Courier-Journal</a></i>. Louisville, KY. p. 69<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Courier-Journal&rft.atitle=Hindemith+To+Conduct+Sinfonietta+Here+Next+Week&rft.pages=69&rft.date=1950-02-19&rft.aulast=Mootz&rft.aufirst=William&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52000849%2Fpaul-hindemith-mootz%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchubert2001" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Giselher_Schubert" title="Giselher Schubert">Schubert, Giselher</a> (2001). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000013053">"Hindemith, Paul"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Grove_Music_Online" class="mw-redirect" title="Grove Music Online">Grove Music Online</a></i>. Oxford: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.13053">10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.article.13053</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-56159-263-0"><bdi>978-1-56159-263-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Hindemith%2C+Paul&rft.btitle=Grove+Music+Online&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.article.13053&rft.isbn=978-1-56159-263-0&rft.aulast=Schubert&rft.aufirst=Giselher&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.oxfordmusiconline.com%2Fgrovemusic%2Fview%2F10.1093%2Fgmo%2F9781561592630.001.0001%2Fomo-9781561592630-e-0000013053&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span> <span style="font-size:0.95em; font-size:95%; color: var( --color-subtle, #555 )">(subscription or <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/page/subscribe#public">UK public library membership</a> required)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotter2003" class="citation AV-media-notes cs1">Potter, Tully (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://arbiterrecords.org/catalog/hindemith-as-interpreter-the-amar-hindemith-string-quartet/"><i>Hindemith as Interpreter: The Amar-Hindemith Quartet</i></a> (Liner notes). Arbiter Records. 139<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hindemith+as+Interpreter%3A+The+Amar-Hindemith+Quartet&rft.pub=Arbiter+Records&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Potter&rft.aufirst=Tully&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farbiterrecords.org%2Fcatalog%2Fhindemith-as-interpreter-the-amar-hindemith-string-quartet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-www.roh.org.uk-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-www.roh.org.uk_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-www.roh.org.uk_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-www.roh.org.uk_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.roh.org.uk/people/paul-hindemith">"Paul Hindemith — People — Royal Opera House"</a>. <i>www.roh.org.uk</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.roh.org.uk&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith+%E2%80%94+People+%E2%80%94+Royal+Opera+House&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.roh.org.uk%2Fpeople%2Fpaul-hindemith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Dict.-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Dict._6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>A Dictionary of Twentieth Century World Biography</i>. United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Book_Club_Associates" title="Book Club Associates">Book Club Associates</a>, 1992, p. 267.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilke2010" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Wilke, Tobias (2010). <i>Medien der Unmittelbarkeit</i> (in German). Munich: Wilhelm Fink. p. 63. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-7705-4923-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-7705-4923-8"><bdi>978-3-7705-4923-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medien+der+Unmittelbarkeit&rft.place=Munich&rft.pages=63&rft.pub=Wilhelm+Fink&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-3-7705-4923-8&rft.aulast=Wilke&rft.aufirst=Tobias&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindemith.info/en/life-work/biography/1918-1927/life/marriage/">"Marriage: Paul Hindemith"</a>. <i>www.hindemith.info</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hindemith.info&rft.atitle=Marriage%3A+Paul+Hindemith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindemith.info%2Fen%2Flife-work%2Fbiography%2F1918-1927%2Flife%2Fmarriage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-turk-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-turk_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-turk_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReisman2006" class="citation book cs1">Reisman, Arnold, ed. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oMc8EAAAQBAJ&pg=PA26">"Chapter 5: The Creators"</a>. <i>Turkey's Modernization: Refugees from Nazism and Atatürk's Vision</i>. New Academia Publishing. pp. 88–90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-9777908-8-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-9777908-8-3"><bdi>978-0-9777908-8-3</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+5%3A+The+Creators&rft.btitle=Turkey%27s+Modernization%3A+Refugees+from+Nazism+and+Atat%C3%BCrk%27s+Vision&rft.pages=88-90&rft.pub=New+Academia+Publishing&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-9777908-8-3&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoMc8EAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA26&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ORT-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ORT_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ORT_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ORT_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ORT_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://holocaustmusic.ort.org/politics-and-propaganda/third-reich/hindemith-paul/">"Music and the Holocaust: Paul Hindemith"</a>. <i>holocaustmusic.ort.org</i>. <a href="/wiki/World_ORT" title="World ORT">ORT</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=holocaustmusic.ort.org&rft.atitle=Music+and+the+Holocaust%3A+Paul+Hindemith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fholocaustmusic.ort.org%2Fpolitics-and-propaganda%2Fthird-reich%2Fhindemith-paul%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Furtwängler 1934.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg1998" class="citation book cs1">Steinberg, Michael (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t8oXNX2tY8AC&pg=PA205"><i>The Concerto: A Listener's Guide</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 205. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802634-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802634-1"><bdi>978-0-19-802634-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concerto%3A+A+Listener%27s+Guide&rft.pages=205&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-802634-1&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt8oXNX2tY8AC%26pg%3DPA205&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ansermet 1961, note to p. 42 added on an errata slip.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52001131/paul-hindemith-yale/">"Yale Plans to honor Composer Paul Hindemith"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Bridgeport_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bridgeport Post">The Bridgeport Post</a></i>. Bridgeport, CT. 25 October 1964. p. 46<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Bridgeport+Post&rft.atitle=Yale+Plans+to+honor+Composer+Paul+Hindemith&rft.pages=46&rft.date=1964-10-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52001131%2Fpaul-hindemith-yale%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindemith.info/en/life-work/biography/1939-1945/life/courses-as-an-instructor/">"Courses as an Instructor: Paul Hindemith"</a>. <i>www.hindemith.info</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hindemith.info&rft.atitle=Courses+as+an+Instructor%3A+Paul+Hindemith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindemith.info%2Fen%2Flife-work%2Fbiography%2F1939-1945%2Flife%2Fcourses-as-an-instructor%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hindemith, Paul (1952). <i>A Composer's World: Horizons and Limitations</i>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Davenport 1970, p. 43.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWard2005" class="citation book cs1">Ward, Bob (2005). <i>Dr. Space: The Life of Wernher von Braun</i>. Naval Institute Press. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-591-14926-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-591-14926-2"><bdi>978-1-591-14926-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dr.+Space%3A+The+Life+of+Wernher+von+Braun&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Naval+Institute+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-591-14926-2&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.aufirst=Bob&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lessing, Kolja (2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eda-records.com/177-1-CD-Details.html?cd_id=49">Notes to <i>Franz Reizenstein: Solo Sonatas</i></a>. EDA Records.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPfitzinger2017" class="citation book cs1">Pfitzinger, Scott (2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ugfWDQAAQBAJ&pg=PA522"><i>Composer Genealogies: A Compendium of Composers, Their Teachers, and Their Students</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 522. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-7225-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-7225-5"><bdi>978-1-4422-7225-5</bdi></a> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Composer+Genealogies%3A+A+Compendium+of+Composers%2C+Their+Teachers%2C+and+Their+Students&rft.pages=522&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=978-1-4422-7225-5&rft.aulast=Pfitzinger&rft.aufirst=Scott&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DugfWDQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA522&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Opera</i> (June 1954): 348.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Obituary-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Obituary_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Obituary_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52001620/paul-hindemith-obituary/">"Paul Hindemith, modern music pioneer, succumbs at age 68"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Intelligencer_Journal" title="Intelligencer Journal">Intelligencer Journal</a></i>. Lancaster, Pennsylvania. 30 December 1963. p. 9<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Intelligencer+Journal&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith%2C+modern+music+pioneer%2C+succumbs+at+age+68&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1963-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52001620%2Fpaul-hindemith-obituary%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.balzan.org/en/prizewinners/paul-hindemith">"Paul Hindemith: 1962 Balzan Prize for Music"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith%3A+1962+Balzan+Prize+for+Music&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.balzan.org%2Fen%2Fprizewinners%2Fpaul-hindemith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Taylor 1997, p. 261.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/09/arts/music-review-city-opera-gamely-flirts-with-danger.html">Holland 1995</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSteinberg1998" class="citation book cs1">Steinberg, Michael (1998). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=t8oXNX2tY8AC&pg=PA212"><i>The Concerto: A Listener's Guide</i></a>. Oxford University Press. p. 212. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802634-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-802634-1"><bdi>978-0-19-802634-1</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Concerto%3A+A+Listener%27s+Guide&rft.pages=212&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-19-802634-1&rft.aulast=Steinberg&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dt8oXNX2tY8AC%26pg%3DPA212&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20010413005831/http://www.hindemith.org/E/paul-hindemith/life.htm">"Biography"</a>. Hindemith Foundation. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindemith.org/E/paul-hindemith/life.htm">the original</a> on 13 April 2001.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Biography&rft.pub=Hindemith+Foundation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindemith.org%2FE%2Fpaul-hindemith%2Flife.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSearle1955" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Humphrey_Searle" title="Humphrey Searle">Searle, Humphrey</a> (1955). <i>Twentieth Century Counterpoint</i> (2nd ed.). London: Ernest Benn. p. 55.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Twentieth+Century+Counterpoint&rft.place=London&rft.pages=55&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Ernest+Benn&rft.date=1955&rft.aulast=Searle&rft.aufirst=Humphrey&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindemith.info/en/life-work/biography/1933-1939/work/principles-and-categories/">"Principles and Categories"</a>. <i>www.hindemith.info</i>. Hindemith Foundation<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hindemith.info&rft.atitle=Principles+and+Categories&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindemith.info%2Fen%2Flife-work%2Fbiography%2F1933-1939%2Fwork%2Fprinciples-and-categories%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hindemith, Paul. <i>Unterweisung im Tonsatz</i>. 3 vols. Mainz: B. Schott's Söhne, 1937–1970. First two volumes in English, as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140701100137/http://noty-naputi.info/sites/default/files/Musical%20Composition-Hindemit.pdf"><i>The Craft of Musical Composition</i></a>, translated by Arthur Mendel and Otto Ortmann. New York: Associated Music Publishers; London: Schott & Co., 1941–1942.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tippett, Michael (1995). <i>Tippett on Music</i>, p.77. Oxford University. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780198165422" title="Special:BookSources/9780198165422">9780198165422</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKemp1970" class="citation book cs1">Kemp, Ian (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hindemith0000kemp/page/18/mode/2up"><i>Hindemith</i></a>. Oxford Studies of Composers 6. London: Oxford University Press. p. 19. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0193141183" title="Special:BookSources/0193141183"><bdi>0193141183</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hindemith&rft.place=London&rft.series=Oxford+Studies+of+Composers+6&rft.pages=19&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=0193141183&rft.aulast=Kemp&rft.aufirst=Ian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fhindemith0000kemp%2Fpage%2F18%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-info-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-info_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-info_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-info_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hindemith.info/en/life-work/biography/1939-1945/life/influence-in-america/">"Influence in America"</a>. <i>www.hindemith.info</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.hindemith.info&rft.atitle=Influence+in+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindemith.info%2Fen%2Flife-work%2Fbiography%2F1939-1945%2Flife%2Finfluence-in-america%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amacad.org/person/paul-hindemith">"Paul Hindemith"</a>. <i>American Academy of Arts & Sciences</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=American+Academy+of+Arts+%26+Sciences&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amacad.org%2Fperson%2Fpaul-hindemith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Schott-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Schott_35-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://en.schott-music.com/shop/autoren/paul-hindemith">"Schott Music"</a>. <i>en.schott-music.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=en.schott-music.com&rft.atitle=Schott+Music&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fen.schott-music.com%2Fshop%2Fautoren%2Fpaul-hindemith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.orden-pourlemerite.de/plm/mgvita/hindemith1895_vita.pdf">"Pour le Mérite: Paul Hindemith"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>www.orden-pourlemerite.de</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.orden-pourlemerite.de&rft.atitle=Pour+le+M%C3%A9rite%3A+Paul+Hindemith&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.orden-pourlemerite.de%2Fplm%2Fmgvita%2Fhindemith1895_vita.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lagis-hessen.de/pnd/118551256">"Hessian Biography"</a>. <i>www.lagis-hessen.de</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.lagis-hessen.de&rft.atitle=Hessian+Biography&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lagis-hessen.de%2Fpnd%2F118551256&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.amphilsoc.org/memhist/search?creator=Paul+Hindemith">"APS Member History"</a>. American Philosophical Society<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=APS+Member+History&rft.pub=American+Philosophical+Society&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.amphilsoc.org%2Fmemhist%2Fsearch%3Fcreator%3DPaul%2BHindemith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minorplanetcenter.net/db_search/show_object?object_id=5157">"(5157) Hindemith"</a>. IAU Minor Planet Center<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%285157%29+Hindemith&rft.pub=IAU+Minor+Planet+Center&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fminorplanetcenter.net%2Fdb_search%2Fshow_object%3Fobject_id%3D5157&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAllison2013" class="citation news cs1">Allison, John (4 December 2013). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/classicalmusic/10484549/Paul-Hindemith-The-20th-centurys-most-neglected-composer.html">"Paul Hindemith: The 20th century's most neglected composer"</a></span>. <i>The Telegraph</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20220112/https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/music/classicalmusic/10484549/Paul-Hindemith-The-20th-centurys-most-neglected-composer.html">Archived</a> from the original on 12 January 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith%3A+The+20th+century%27s+most+neglected+composer&rft.date=2013-12-04&rft.aulast=Allison&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fmusic%2Fclassicalmusic%2F10484549%2FPaul-Hindemith-The-20th-centurys-most-neglected-composer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Review: Hindemith Conducts Hindemith". <i>Gramophone</i>: 40. 20 April 1987.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Gramophone&rft.atitle=Review%3A+Hindemith+Conducts+Hindemith&rft.pages=40&rft.date=1987-04-20&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0000U1NHE">"Hindemith Conducts Hindemith: The Complete Recordings on Deutsche Grammophon"</a>. <i>Amazon</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Amazon&rft.atitle=Hindemith+Conducts+Hindemith%3A+The+Complete+Recordings+on+Deutsche+Grammophon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0000U1NHE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wpunj.edu/coac/departments/music/concerts/midday17Spring">"Midday Artists Series"</a>. William Paterson University. Spring 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 April</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Midday+Artists+Series&rft.pub=William+Paterson+University&rft.date=2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wpunj.edu%2Fcoac%2Fdepartments%2Fmusic%2Fconcerts%2Fmidday17Spring&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources">Sources</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ansermet, Ernest. 1961. <i>Les fondements de la musique dans la conscience humaine</i>. 2 v. Neuchâtel: La Baconnière.</li> <li>Briner, Andres. 1971. <i>Paul Hindemith</i>. Zürich: Atlantis-Verlag; Mainz: Schott.</li> <li>Davenport, LaNoue. 1970. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lgdata.s3-website-us-east-1.amazonaws.com/docs/762/103349/Profile,ARS.pdf">"Erich Katz: A Profile"</a>. <i>The American Recorder</i> (Spring): 43–44. Retrieved 2 November 2011.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Eaglefield_Hull" title="Arthur Eaglefield Hull">Eaglefield-Hull, Arthur</a> (ed.). 1924. <i>A Dictionary of Modern Music and Musicians</i>. London: Dent.</li> <li>Furtwängler, Wilhelm. 1934. "Der Fall Hindemith". <i>Deutsche Allgemeine Zeitung</i> 73, no. 551 (Sunday, 25 November): 1. Reprinted in <a href="/wiki/Berta_Geissmar" title="Berta Geissmar">Berta Geissmar</a>, <i>Musik im Schatten der Politik</i>. Zürich: Atlantis, 1945. Reprinted in Wilhelm Furtwängler, <i>Ton und Wort: Aufsätze und Vorträge 1918 bis 1954</i>, 91–96. Wiesbaden: F.A. Brockhaus, 1954; reissued Zürich: Atlantis Musikbuch-Verlag, 1994. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-254-00199-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-254-00199-3">978-3-254-00199-3</a>. English version as "The Hindemith Case", in Wilhelm Furtwängler, <i>Furtwängler on Music</i>, edited and translated by Ronald Taylor, 117–20. Aldershot, Hants.: Scolar Press, 1991. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-85967-816-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-85967-816-2">978-0-85967-816-2</a>.</li> <li>Hindemith, Paul. 1937–1970. <i>Unterweisung im Tonsatz</i>. 3 vols. Mainz: B. Schott's Söhne. First two volumes in English, as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140701100137/http://noty-naputi.info/sites/default/files/Musical%20Composition-Hindemit.pdf"><i>The Craft of Musical Composition</i></a>, translated by Arthur Mendel and Otto Ortmann. New York: Associated Music Publishers; London: Schott & Co., 1941–1942.</li> <li>Hindemith, Paul. 1952. <i>A Composer's World: Horizons and Limitations</i>. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.</li> <li>Holland, Bernard. 1995. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1995/09/09/arts/music-review-city-opera-gamely-flirts-with-danger.html">"Music Review; City Opera Gamely Flirts with Danger"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>, 9 September.</li> <li>Kater, Michael H. 1997. <i>The Twisted Muse: Musicians and Their Music in the Third Reich</i>. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.</li> <li>Kater, Michael H. 2000. <i>Composers of the Nazi Era: Eight Portraits</i>. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press.</li> <li>Kemp, Ian. 1970. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/hindemith0000kemp/mode/2up"><i>Hindemith</i></a>. Oxford Studies of Composers 6. London, New York: Oxford University Press.</li> <li>Neumeyer, David. 1986. <i>The Music of Paul Hindemith</i>. New Haven: Yale University Press.</li> <li>Noss, Luther. 1989. <i>Paul Hindemith in the United States</i>. Urbana: University of Illinois Press.</li> <li>Preussner, Eberhard. 1984. <i>Paul Hindemith: ein Lebensbild</i>. Innsbruck: Edition Helbling.</li> <li>Skelton, Geoffrey. 1975. <i>Paul Hindemith: The Man Behind the Music: A Biography</i>. London: Gollancz.</li> <li>Taylor, Ronald. 1997. <i>Berlin and Its Culture: A Historical Portrait</i>. Yale University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-300-07200-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-300-07200-6">978-0-300-07200-6</a>.</li> <li>Taylor-Jay, Claire. 2004. <i>The Artist-Operas of Pfitzner, Krenek and Hindemith: Politics and the Ideology of the Artist</i>. Aldershot: Ashgate.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFried1939" class="citation news cs1">Fried, Alexander (19 February 1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/52000662/paul-hindemith-fried/">"Paul Hindemith Brings Fresh Air to Symphony"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_San_Francisco_Examiner" class="mw-redirect" title="The San Francisco Examiner">The San Francisco Examiner</a></i>. San Francisco. p. 50<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 May</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+San+Francisco+Examiner&rft.atitle=Paul+Hindemith+Brings+Fresh+Air+to+Symphony&rft.pages=50&rft.date=1939-02-19&rft.aulast=Fried&rft.aufirst=Alexander&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F52000662%2Fpaul-hindemith-fried%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwarze1981" class="citation news cs1">Schwarze, Richard (21 November 1981). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/clip/51883931/paul-hindemith-schwarze/">"Hindemith: He was simply a musician who produced 'music as a tree bears fruit' ... Well, not really"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Journal_Herald" class="mw-redirect" title="The Journal Herald">The Journal Herald</a></i>. Dayton, Ohio. p. 27<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 May</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Newspapers.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Newspapers.com">Newspapers.com</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Journal+Herald&rft.atitle=Hindemith%3A+He+was+simply+a+musician+who+produced+%27music+as+a+tree+bears+fruit%27+...+Well%2C+not+really&rft.pages=27&rft.date=1981-11-21&rft.aulast=Schwarze&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Fclip%2F51883931%2Fpaul-hindemith-schwarze%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Desbruslais, Simon. 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://boydellandbrewer.com/the-music-and-music-theory-of-paul-hindemith.html"><i>The Music and Music Theory of Paul Hindemith</i></a>. Woodbridge: Boydell Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-78327-210-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-78327-210-5">978-1-78327-210-5</a>.</li> <li>Luttmann, Stephen. 2013. <i>Paul Hindemith: A Research and Information Guide</i>. New York: Routledge. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-84841-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-84841-5">978-1-135-84841-5</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWinkler2004" class="citation journal cs1">Winkler, Heinz-Jürgen (2004). "Fascinated by Early Music: Paul Hindemith and Emanuel Winternitz". <i>Music in Art: International Journal for Music Iconography</i>. <b>29</b> (1–2): 14–19. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1522-7464">1522-7464</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+in+Art%3A+International+Journal+for+Music+Iconography&rft.atitle=Fascinated+by+Early+Music%3A+Paul+Hindemith+and+Emanuel+Winternitz&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=1%E2%80%932&rft.pages=14-19&rft.date=2004&rft.issn=1522-7464&rft.aulast=Winkler&rft.aufirst=Heinz-J%C3%BCrgen&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Petropoulos, Jonathan. 2014. <i>Artists Under Hitler: Collaboration and Survival in Nazi Germany</i>. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. Ch. 5, pp. 88–113, is titled "Paul Hindemith".</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Paul_Hindemith" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Paul Hindemith">Paul Hindemith</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archives.yale.edu/repositories/7/resources/5479">Paul Hindemith Oral History collection</a> at Oral History of American Music</li> <li><a href="https://imslp.org/wiki/Category:Hindemith,_Paul" class="extiw" title="scores:Category:Hindemith, Paul">Free scores by Paul Hindemith on IMSLP</a> at the <a href="/wiki/International_Music_Score_Library_Project" title="International Music Score Library Project">International Music Score Library Project</a> (IMSLP)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindemith.info/en/home">Hindemith Foundation</a> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindemith.info/en/life-work/catalogue-of-works/">Hindemith Foundation Catalogue of Works</a></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://de.schott-music.com/shop/autoren/paul-hindemith">Schott Music</a> Publisher page</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040203074058/http://www.nwsinfonietta.com/notes16Apr04.htm">An Inner Emigration</a>, notes on Hindemith and <i>Der Schwanendreher</i> by <a href="/wiki/Ron_Drummond" title="Ron Drummond">Ron Drummond</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://abruckner.com/Data/documents/Paul_Hindemith_in_conversation_with_Seymour_Raven.mp4">Paul Hindemith in conversation with Seymour Raven (7 April 1963)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nb-helveticat.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,%22Paul+Hindemith%22&tab=LibraryCatalog&search_scope=MyInstitution&vid=41SNL_51_INST:helveticat&lang=de&offset=0">Publications by and about Paul Hindemith</a> in the catalogue Helveticat of the <a href="/wiki/Swiss_National_Library" title="Swiss National Library">Swiss National Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/pe/007859">Newspaper clippings about Paul Hindemith</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.museumsufer.de/en/all-museums/hindemith-kabinett/">"Hindemith Kabinett im Kuhhirtenturm"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Museumsufer" title="Museumsufer">Museumsufer</a> Frankfurt</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 December</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Museumsufer+Frankfurt&rft.atitle=Hindemith+Kabinett+im+Kuhhirtenturm&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.museumsufer.de%2Fen%2Fall-museums%2Fhindemith-kabinett%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APaul+Hindemith" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Paul_Hindemith" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Paul Hindemith"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Paul_Hindemith" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Hindemith</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_compositions_by_Paul_Hindemith" title="List of compositions by Paul Hindemith">List of compositions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_operas_by_Paul_Hindemith" title="List of operas by Paul Hindemith">List of operas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Operas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/M%C3%B6rder,_Hoffnung_der_Frauen" title="Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen">Mörder, Hoffnung der Frauen</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Nusch-Nuschi" title="Das Nusch-Nuschi">Das Nusch-Nuschi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sancta_Susanna" title="Sancta Susanna">Sancta Susanna</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cardillac" title="Cardillac">Cardillac</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hin_und_zur%C3%BCck" title="Hin und zurück">Hin und zurück</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Neues_vom_Tage" title="Neues vom Tage">Neues vom Tage</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathis_der_Maler_(opera)" title="Mathis der Maler (opera)">Mathis der Maler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Harmonie_der_Welt" title="Die Harmonie der Welt">Die Harmonie der Welt</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Baden-Baden_Lesson_on_Consent" title="The Baden-Baden Lesson on Consent">Lehrstück</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Long_Christmas_Dinner_(opera)" title="The Long Christmas Dinner (opera)">The Long Christmas Dinner</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ballets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Triadisches_Ballett" title="Triadisches Ballett">Triadisches Ballett</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Nobilissima_Visione" title="Nobilissima Visione">Nobilissima Visione</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Four_Temperaments" title="The Four Temperaments">The Four Temperaments</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/H%C3%A9rodiade_(ballet)" title="Hérodiade (ballet)">Hérodiade</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orchestral works</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Die_Harmonie_der_Welt_Symphony" title="Die Harmonie der Welt Symphony">Die Harmonie der Welt Symphony</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konzertmusik_f%C3%BCr_Streichorchester_und_Blechbl%C3%A4ser" title="Konzertmusik für Streichorchester und Blechbläser">Konzertmusik für Streichorchester und Blechbläser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony:_Mathis_der_Maler" title="Symphony: Mathis der Maler">Symphony: <i>Mathis der Maler</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Metamorphosis_of_Themes_by_Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber">Symphonic Metamorphosis of Themes by Carl Maria von Weber</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Symphonia_Serena" title="Symphonia Serena">Symphonia Serena</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_B-flat_for_Band_(Hindemith)" title="Symphony in B-flat for Band (Hindemith)">Symphony in B-flat for Band</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Concertante</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Klaviermusik_mit_Orchester" title="Klaviermusik mit Orchester">Klaviermusik mit Orchester</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kammermusik_(Hindemith)" title="Kammermusik (Hindemith)">Kammermusik</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Der_Schwanendreher" title="Der Schwanendreher">Der Schwanendreher</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Trauermusik" title="Trauermusik">Trauermusik</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clarinet_Concerto_(Hindemith)" title="Clarinet Concerto (Hindemith)">Clarinet Concerto</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chamber music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Violin_Sonata_No._2_(Hindemith)" title="Violin Sonata No. 2 (Hindemith)">Violin Sonata No. 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viola_Sonata_No._1_(Hindemith)" title="Viola Sonata No. 1 (Hindemith)">Viola Sonata No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/String_Quartet_No._4_(Hindemith)" title="String Quartet No. 4 (Hindemith)">String Quartet No. 4</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ouvert%C3%BCre_zum_%22Fliegenden_Holl%C3%A4nder%22,_wie_sie_eine_schlechte_Kurkapelle_morgens_um_7_am_Brunnen_vom_Blatt_spielt" title="Ouvertüre zum "Fliegenden Holländer", wie sie eine schlechte Kurkapelle morgens um 7 am Brunnen vom Blatt spielt">Ouvertüre zum "Fliegenden Holländer", wie sie eine schlechte Kurkapelle morgens um 7 am Brunnen vom Blatt spielt</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Piano music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._1_(Hindemith)" title="Piano Sonata No. 1 (Hindemith)">Piano Sonata No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._2_(Hindemith)" title="Piano Sonata No. 2 (Hindemith)">Piano Sonata No. 2</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ludus_Tonalis" title="Ludus Tonalis">Ludus Tonalis</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vocal music</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/When_Lilacs_Last_in_the_Dooryard_Bloom%27d_(Hindemith)" title="When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd (Hindemith)">When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Das_Marienleben" title="Das Marienleben">Das Marienleben</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Collaborations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Flight_Across_the_Ocean" title="The Flight Across the Ocean">The Flight Across the Ocean</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other compositions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Tuttif%C3%A4ntchen" title="Tuttifäntchen">Tuttifäntchen</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Adolescence_(ballet)" title="Adolescence (ballet)">Adolescence (ballet)</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gebrauchsmusik" title="Gebrauchsmusik">Gebrauchsmusik</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ghosts_Before_Breakfast" title="Ghosts Before Breakfast">Ghosts Before Breakfast</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindemith_Prize" title="Hindemith Prize">Hindemith Prize</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindemith_Prize_of_the_City_of_Hanau" title="Hindemith Prize of the City of Hanau">Hindemith Prize of the City of Hanau</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Paul_Hindemith" title="Category:Paul Hindemith">Category</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Commons page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Paul_Hindemith" class="extiw" title="commons:Paul Hindemith">Commons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neoclassical_music" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Template:Neoclassicism (music)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Template talk:Neoclassicism (music)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neoclassicism (music)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neoclassical_music" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism_(music)" title="Neoclassicism (music)">Neoclassical music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Composers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Georges_Auric" title="Georges Auric">Georges Auric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Béla Bartók</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfredo_Casella" title="Alfredo Casella">Alfredo Casella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Ch%C3%A1vez" title="Carlos Chávez">Carlos Chávez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aaron_Copland" title="Aaron Copland">Aaron Copland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louis_Durey" title="Louis Durey">Louis Durey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Enescu" title="George Enescu">George Enescu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manuel_de_Falla" title="Manuel de Falla">Manuel de Falla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radam%C3%A9s_Gnattali" title="Radamés Gnattali">Radamés Gnattali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camargo_Guarnieri" title="Camargo Guarnieri">Camargo Guarnieri</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Hindemith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vagn_Holmboe" title="Vagn Holmboe">Vagn Holmboe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_Honegger" title="Arthur Honegger">Arthur Honegger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zolt%C3%A1n_Kod%C3%A1ly" title="Zoltán Kodály">Zoltán Kodály</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohuslav_Martin%C5%AF" title="Bohuslav Martinů">Bohuslav Martinů</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darius_Milhaud" title="Darius Milhaud">Darius Milhaud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francis_Poulenc" title="Francis Poulenc">Francis Poulenc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergei_Prokofiev" title="Sergei Prokofiev">Sergei Prokofiev</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Ravel" title="Maurice Ravel">Maurice Ravel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erik_Satie" title="Erik Satie">Erik Satie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Germaine_Tailleferre" title="Germaine Tailleferre">Germaine Tailleferre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heitor_Villa-Lobos" title="Heitor Villa-Lobos">Heitor Villa-Lobos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compositions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Airs_and_Dances" title="Ancient Airs and Dances">Antiche arie e danze</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apollo_(ballet)" title="Apollo (ballet)">Apollo</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_baiser_de_la_f%C3%A9e" title="Le baiser de la fée">Le baiser de la fée</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_bourgeois_gentilhomme_(Strauss)" title="Le bourgeois gentilhomme (Strauss)">Le bourgeois gentilhomme</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Concert_champ%C3%AAtre" title="Concert champêtre">Concert champêtre</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_D_(Stravinsky)" title="Concerto in D (Stravinsky)">Concerto in D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concerto_in_E-flat_(Dumbarton_Oaks)" class="mw-redirect" title="Concerto in E-flat (Dumbarton Oaks)">Concerto in E-flat (Dumbarton Oaks)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Divertimento_for_chamber_orchestra_after_keyboard_pieces_by_Couperin" class="mw-redirect" title="Divertimento for chamber orchestra after keyboard pieces by Couperin">Divertimento for chamber orchestra after keyboard pieces by Couperin</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harpsichord_Concerto_(Falla)" title="Harpsichord Concerto (Falla)">Harpsichord Concerto</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Jeu_de_cartes_(Stravinsky)" title="Jeu de cartes (Stravinsky)">Jeu de cartes</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mathis_der_Maler_(opera)" title="Mathis der Maler (opera)">Mathis der Maler</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mavra" title="Mavra">Mavra</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octet_(Stravinsky)" title="Octet (Stravinsky)">Octet for winds</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Oedipus_rex_(opera)" title="Oedipus rex (opera)">Oedipus rex</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Orpheus_(ballet)" title="Orpheus (ballet)">Orpheus</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._1_(Enescu)" title="Piano Sonata No. 1 (Enescu)">Piano Sonata No. 1 (Enescu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._3_(Ch%C3%A1vez)" title="Piano Sonata No. 3 (Chávez)">Piano Sonata No. 3 (Chávez)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Sonata_No._3_(Enescu)" title="Piano Sonata No. 3 (Enescu)">Piano Sonata No. 3 (Enescu)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piano_Suite_No._2_(Enescu)" title="Piano Suite No. 2 (Enescu)">Piano Suite No. 2 (Enescu)</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Premier_Menuet" title="Premier Menuet">Premier Menuet</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Pulcinella_(ballet)" title="Pulcinella (ballet)">Pulcinella</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake's Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_retablo_de_maese_Pedro" title="El retablo de maese Pedro">El retablo de maese Pedro</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sonatine_bureaucratique" title="Sonatine bureaucratique">Sonatine bureaucratique</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._1_(Prokofiev)" title="Symphony No. 1 (Prokofiev)">Symphony No. 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_C_(Stravinsky)" title="Symphony in C (Stravinsky)">Symphony in C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphony_in_Three_Movements_(Stravinsky)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symphony in Three Movements (Stravinsky)">Symphony in Three Movements</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Symphony_of_Psalms" title="Symphony of Psalms">Symphony of Psalms</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Tanzsuite_aus_Klavierst%C3%BCcken_von_Fran%C3%A7ois_Couperin,_TrV_245" class="mw-redirect" title="Tanzsuite aus Klavierstücken von François Couperin, TrV 245">Tanzsuite aus Klavierstücken von François Couperin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Le_Tombeau_de_Couperin" title="Le Tombeau de Couperin">Le Tombeau de Couperin</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Birds_(Respighi)" title="The Birds (Respighi)">Gli uccelli</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_ballet" title="Neoclassical ballet">Neoclassical ballet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoromanticism_(music)" title="Neoromanticism (music)">Neoromanticism (music)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neotonality" title="Neotonality">Neotonality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernism_(music)" title="Modernism (music)">Modernism (music)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Template:Wihuri Sibelius Prize"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Template talk:Wihuri Sibelius Prize"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wihuri Sibelius Prize"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wihuri_Sibelius_Prize" title="Wihuri Sibelius Prize">Wihuri Sibelius Prize</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Sibelius" title="Jean Sibelius">Jean Sibelius</a> (1953)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Hindemith</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Shostakovich" title="Dmitri Shostakovich">Dmitri Shostakovich</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Igor Stravinsky</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Britten" title="Benjamin Britten">Benjamin Britten</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erik_Bergman" title="Erik Bergman">Erik Bergman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Usko_Meril%C3%A4inen" title="Usko Meriläinen">Usko Meriläinen</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Einojuhani_Rautavaara" title="Einojuhani Rautavaara">Einojuhani Rautavaara</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Witold_Lutos%C5%82awski" title="Witold Lutosławski">Witold Lutoslawski</a> & <a href="/wiki/Joonas_Kokkonen" title="Joonas Kokkonen">Joonas Kokkonen</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a> & <a href="/wiki/Aulis_Sallinen" title="Aulis Sallinen">Aulis Sallinen</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnus_Lindberg" title="Magnus Lindberg">Magnus Lindberg</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Per_N%C3%B8rg%C3%A5rd" title="Per Nørgård">Per Nørgård</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaija_Saariaho" title="Kaija Saariaho">Kaija Saariaho</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Kurt%C3%A1g" title="György Kurtág">György Kurtág</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harrison_Birtwistle" title="Harrison Birtwistle">Harrison Birtwistle</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsuk_Chin" title="Unsuk Chin">Unsuk Chin</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jukka_Tiensuu" title="Jukka Tiensuu">Jukka Tiensuu</a> (2020)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tristan_Murail" title="Tristan Murail">Tristan Murail</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#d3d3d3;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" title="Template:Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" title="Template talk:Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bach_Prize_of_the_Free_and_Hanseatic_City_of_Hamburg" title="Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg">Bach Prize of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Paul Hindemith</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philipp_Jarnach" title="Philipp Jarnach">Philipp Jarnach</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boris_Blacher" title="Boris Blacher">Boris Blacher</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Fortner" title="Wolfgang Fortner">Wolfgang Fortner</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johann_Nepomuk_David" title="Johann Nepomuk David">Johann Nepomuk David</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ernst_Krenek" title="Ernst Krenek">Ernst Krenek</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helmut_Lachenmann" title="Helmut Lachenmann">Helmut Lachenmann</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olivier_Messiaen" title="Olivier Messiaen">Olivier Messiaen</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Werner_Henze" title="Hans Werner Henze">Hans Werner Henze</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aribert_Reimann" title="Aribert Reimann">Aribert Reimann</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Schnittke" title="Alfred Schnittke">Alfred Schnittke</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karlheinz_Stockhausen" title="Karlheinz Stockhausen">Karlheinz Stockhausen</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Rihm" title="Wolfgang Rihm">Wolfgang Rihm</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adriana_H%C3%B6lszky" title="Adriana Hölszky">Adriana Hölszky</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofia_Gubaidulina" title="Sofia Gubaidulina">Sofia Gubaidulina</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tan_Dun" title="Tan Dun">Tan Dun</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Boulez" title="Pierre Boulez">Pierre Boulez</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unsuk_Chin" title="Unsuk Chin">Unsuk Chin</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Widmann" title="Jörg Widmann">Jörg Widmann</a> (2023)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57244#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57244#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q57244#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000368638986">ISNI</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121244926">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/24622167">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/39032/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwX4c9W8hQFqFybmyWdQq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/118551256">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79077225">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12058131z">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12058131z">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00468379">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Hindemith, Paul"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/nome/CFIV034276">Italy</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an35196177">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=jn19990003527&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1001420">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/40613">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p068784945">Netherlands</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p369476530">2</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90063114">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000009323&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=63962">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lod.nl.go.kr/resource/KAC200208082">Korea</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/qn2586b83qtznbm">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810648861405606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/283788">Vatican</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007262759605171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:au:finaf:000195419">Finland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058526246406706">Catalonia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.kbr.be/LIBRARY/doc/AUTHORITY/13928368">Belgium</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01700595?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/4068eaba-ca03-4c34-9172-2b709b8050e6">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.adk.de/de/akademie/mitglieder/?we_objectID=52911">ADK</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://adp.library.ucsb.edu/names/102426">Discography of American Historical Recordings</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.grammy.com/artists/paul-hindemith/3149">Grammy Awards</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexm.uni-hamburg.de/object/lexm_lexmperson_00002010">LexM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bmlo.de/h0960">BMLO</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/860593">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd118551256.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/118551256">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/028825136">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hls-dhs-dss.ch/fr/articles/026964">Historical Dictionary of Switzerland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tls.theaterwissenschaft.ch/wiki/Paul_Hindemith">Theaterlexikon</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w6kw5d9z">SNAC</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rism.online/people/90311">RISM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&oldid=1255658588">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hindemith&oldid=1255658588</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Paul_Hindemith" title="Category:Paul Hindemith">Paul Hindemith</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1895_births" title="Category:1895 births">1895 births</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:1963_deaths" title="Category:1963 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