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<li id="toc-The_University_under_French_Colonialism,_1830-1962" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_University_under_French_Colonialism,_1830-1962"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>The University under French Colonialism, 1830-1962</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_University_under_French_Colonialism,_1830-1962-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-The_University_of_Algiers_since_Algerian_Independence,_1962-Present" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_University_of_Algiers_since_Algerian_Independence,_1962-Present"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>The University of Algiers since Algerian Independence, 1962-Present</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_University_of_Algiers_since_Algerian_Independence,_1962-Present-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Library" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Library"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Library</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Library-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_faculty" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_faculty"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notable faculty</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_faculty-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_alumni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_alumni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Notable alumni</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_alumni-sublist" class="cdx-button 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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Algiers 1 University</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B1" title="جامعة الجزائر – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جامعة الجزائر" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Flc%C9%99zair_Universiteti" title="Əlcəzair Universiteti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əlcəzair Universiteti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitat_Algiers_1" title="Universitat Algiers 1 – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Universitat Algiers 1" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A4t_Algier" title="Universität Algier – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Universität Algier" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C5%BEiiri_%C3%BClikool" title="Alžiiri ülikool – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Alžiiri ülikool" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidad_de_Argel" title="Universidad de Argel – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Universidad de Argel" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universitato_de_Al%C4%9Dero" title="Universitato de Alĝero – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Universitato de Alĝero" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B4%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87" title="دانشگاه الجزیره – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دانشگاه الجزیره" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_d%27Alger_Benyoucef-Benkhedda" title="Université d'Alger Benyoucef-Benkhedda – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Université d'Alger Benyoucef-Benkhedda" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiteit_fan_Algiers" title="Universiteit fan Algiers – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Universiteit fan Algiers" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%8C%EC%A0%9C_%EB%8C%80%ED%95%99%EA%B5%90" title="알제 대학교 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="알제 대학교" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jami%27ar_Algiers_1" title="Jami'ar Algiers 1 – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Jami'ar Algiers 1" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universit%C3%A0_di_Algeri" title="Università di Algeri – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Università di Algeri" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AC%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%B1" title="جامعة الجزاير – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جامعة الجزاير" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universiteit_van_Algiers" title="Universiteit van Algiers – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Universiteit van Algiers" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Universidade_de_Argel_Benyoucef_Benkhedda" title="Universidade de Argel Benyoucef Benkhedda – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Universidade de Argel Benyoucef Benkhedda" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%DB%86%DB%8C_%D8%AC%DB%95%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B1" title="زانکۆی جەزائیر – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="زانکۆی جەزائیر" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Univerzitet_u_Al%C5%BEiru" title="Univerzitet u Alžiru – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Univerzitet u Alžiru" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Unibersidad_ng_Algiers" title="Unibersidad ng Algiers – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Unibersidad ng Algiers" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%88%D0%B3%D0%BE%D2%B3%D0%B8_%D0%90%D0%BB%D2%B7%D0%B0%D0%B7%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%80" title="Донишгоҳи Алҷазоир – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Донишгоҳи Алҷазоир" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tw mw-list-item"><a href="https://tw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers_1_Sukuup%C9%94n" title="Algiers 1 Sukuupɔn – Twi" lang="tw" hreflang="tw" data-title="Algiers 1 Sukuupɔn" data-language-autonym="Twi" data-language-local-name="Twi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Twi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%8A%E7%88%BE%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="阿爾及爾大學 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="阿爾及爾大學" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gpe mw-list-item"><a href="https://gpe.wikipedia.org/wiki/Algiers_1_University" title="Algiers 1 University – Ghanaian Pidgin" lang="gpe" hreflang="gpe" data-title="Algiers 1 University" data-language-autonym="Ghanaian Pidgin" data-language-local-name="Ghanaian Pidgin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ghanaian Pidgin</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1190852#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Algiers_1_University" title="View the content page [c]" 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Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22Algiers+1+University%22">"Algiers 1 University"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22Algiers+1+University%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22Algiers+1+University%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22Algiers+1+University%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Algiers+1+University%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22Algiers+1+University%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2016</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">University of Algiers</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="nickname">جامعة الجزائر – بن يوسف بن خـدة</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Former names</div></th><td class="infobox-data nickname">Higher School of Letters of Algiers<br />Superior School of Medicine and Pharmacy<br />School of Sciences of Algiers<br />School of Law of Algiers</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Motto</th><td class="infobox-data">Integritas, Scientia, Vis (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Motto in English</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Integrity, Knowledge, Strength</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Public" title="Public">Public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">1909<span class="noprint">; 115 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1909</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/University_president" class="mw-redirect" title="University president">President</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Ali Abubaha</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/Rector_(academia)" title="Rector (academia)">Rector</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Fares Mokhtari</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Students</th><td class="infobox-data">45,000</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Location</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div style="display:inline" class="locality"><a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a></div>, <div style="display:inline" class="country-name"><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Campus</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suburban" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburban">suburban</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;"><a href="/wiki/School_colors" title="School colors">Colors</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Green <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#006633; color:white;"> </span><br />Red <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:#D21034; color:white;"> </span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Affiliations</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_African_Universities" title="Association of African Universities">Association of African Universities</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Arab_Universities" title="Association of Arab Universities">Association of Arab Universities</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Erasmus%2B" title="Erasmus+">Erasmus+</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Universities_Union" title="Mediterranean Universities Union">Mediterranean Universities Union</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right:0.65em;">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://univ-alger.dz/">univ-alger<wbr />.dz</a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Algiers_University_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Algiers_University_1.jpg/220px-Algiers_University_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Algiers_University_1.jpg/330px-Algiers_University_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Algiers_University_1.jpg/440px-Algiers_University_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="187" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>University of Algiers</b> (<a href="/wiki/Arabic_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Arabic language">Arabic</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">جامعة الجزائر</span>), commonly called the <b>Algiers 1 University</b> or <b>Benyoucef Benkhedda</b> (Arabic: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">بن يوسف بن خـدة</span>), is a <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> <a href="/wiki/Research_university" title="Research university">research university</a> based in <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a>. Founded in 1909 from the amalgamation of different French colonial educational institutions, it has become the oldest and most prestigious organised university in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-algiers_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-algiers-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-african_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-african-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-media_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-media-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Algiers_The_University_(GRI).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Algiers_The_University_%28GRI%29.jpg/260px-Algiers_The_University_%28GRI%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="169" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Algiers_The_University_%28GRI%29.jpg/390px-Algiers_The_University_%28GRI%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Algiers_The_University_%28GRI%29.jpg/520px-Algiers_The_University_%28GRI%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="664" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_University_under_French_Colonialism,_1830-1962"><span id="The_University_under_French_Colonialism.2C_1830-1962"></span>The University under French Colonialism, 1830-1962</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: The University under French Colonialism, 1830-1962"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The historical tradition of higher education in Algeria began in 1832, with the creation of the Higher School of Letters of Algiers (<i>École supérieure des lettres d'Alger</i>), as a way to guarantee the teaching of Arabic and French languages, in the context of the <a href="/wiki/French_conquest_of_Algeria" title="French conquest of Algeria">French conquest of Algeria</a>. In 1849 the institution opened campuses in <a href="/wiki/Oran" title="Oran">Oran</a> and <a href="/wiki/Constantine,_Algeria" title="Constantine, Algeria">Constantine</a>, and was formally integrated into the regular French education system on 20 December 1879. Subsequently, the Superior School of Medicine and Pharmacy (<i>École supérieure de médecine et de pharmacie</i>) was created in 1833 (officialized on 4 August 1857); in 1868 the School of Sciences (<i>École supérieure des sciences</i>), and; in 1879 the School of Law (<i>École supérieure de droit</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All were based in the city of <a href="/wiki/Algiers" title="Algiers">Algiers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-A2T_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2T-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1909, these Superior Schools were turned into the Faculties of Letters, Law, Medicine and Pharmacy, and Sciences. Soon after, in the same year, the faculties were united to form the University of Algiers.<sup id="cite_ref-A2T_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2T-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With this change, the University of Algiers became the only colonial French higher education institution on par with a metropolitan universities. </p><p>Throughout the French colonial period, the majority of student were European. Arab and Berber Algerians only made up a small minority, ranging from 1.2% to 18.1% of the total student body.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 19 May 1956, the General Union of Algerian Muslim Students (UGEMA) called an indefinite student strike, which halted the academic courses and examinations at the University of Algiers, rallying support from the <a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_(Algeria)" title="National Liberation Front (Algeria)">National Liberation Front</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 7 June 1962 – just a month ahead of the <a href="/wiki/Algerian_independence_referendum,_1962" class="mw-redirect" title="Algerian independence referendum, 1962">Algerian independence referendum</a> – the <a href="/wiki/Organisation_Arm%C3%A9e_Secr%C3%A8te" class="mw-redirect" title="Organisation Armée Secrète">Organisation Armée Secrète</a> (OAS), the movement of <a href="/wiki/Pied-Noir" class="mw-redirect" title="Pied-Noir">colonists</a> opposing Algerian independence, <a href="/wiki/Book_burning" title="Book burning">set fire</a> to the library building, destroying 500,000 books.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The destruction of these books and the library was reported in the <a href="/wiki/Arab_world" title="Arab world">Arab world</a> as a tactic of war or <a href="/wiki/Dirty_war" class="mw-redirect" title="Dirty war">dirty war</a>, known as <a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">scorched earth</a>. Egypt, Iraq and Jordan condemned the arson and issued repudiation notes. It showed the savagery of the anti-independence movement would extend to removing and indeed destroying culture so long as Algeria intended to create its own national culture.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_University_of_Algiers_since_Algerian_Independence,_1962-Present"><span id="The_University_of_Algiers_since_Algerian_Independence.2C_1962-Present"></span>The University of Algiers since Algerian Independence, 1962-Present</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: The University of Algiers since Algerian Independence, 1962-Present"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The 1971 higher education reform abolished the college system and grouped the different disciplines by affinities into departments and institutes. The reform decrees the progressive <a href="/wiki/Arabization" title="Arabization">Arabization</a> of the disciplines, starting with certain classes in the social sciences (initially, philosophy and history). On 12 December 1998, the college system was re-established.<sup id="cite_ref-A2T_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2T-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2009 the university was subdivided into three new institutions. The most important, the University of Algiers Benyoucef Benkhedda (or Algiers 1 University), stands as heir to the historical-academic tradition. The other two institutions created were:<sup id="cite_ref-A2T_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-A2T-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Abou El Kacem Saadallah University (<a href="/wiki/Algiers_2_University" title="Algiers 2 University">Algiers 2 University</a>);</li> <li>Brahim Soltane Chaibout University (<a href="/wiki/Algiers_3_University" title="Algiers 3 University">Algiers 3 University</a>).</li></ul> <p>In 2015, due to the state of degradation of the university's buildings, professors, students and supporters demanded that the university be classified as a national historical-architectural heritage. The <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Culture_(Algeria)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Culture (Algeria)">Ministry of Culture</a> responded to the claims in July 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-huffpost_fac_centrale_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-huffpost_fac_centrale-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Library">Library</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Library"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The library holds 800,000 volumes.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_faculty">Notable faculty</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notable faculty"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fernand_Braudel" title="Fernand Braudel">Fernand Braudel</a> (1902–1985) – French historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Peters_Humphrey" title="John Peters Humphrey">John Peters Humphrey</a> (1905–1995) – <a href="/wiki/Canadians" title="Canadians">Canadian</a> legal scholar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Chastagnol" title="André Chastagnol">André Chastagnol</a> (1920–1996) – French historian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assia_Djebar" title="Assia Djebar">Assia Djebar</a> (1936–2015) – novelist, translator, film maker</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Zaoui" title="Ahmed Zaoui">Ahmed Zaoui</a> – <a href="/wiki/Islamic" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamic">Islamic</a> scholar, obtained refugee status in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a> in 2014</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_alumni">Notable alumni</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notable alumni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Arts_and_Science">Arts and Science</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Arts and Science"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg/150px-Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg/225px-Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg/300px-Trolard_CIPH0082.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1159" data-file-height="1739" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Paulin_Trolard" title="Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard">Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Baptiste_Paulin_Trolard" title="Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard">Jean Baptiste Paulin Trolard</a> (1842–1910) – physician; the "vein of Trolard" (the <a href="/wiki/Superior_anastomotic_vein" title="Superior anastomotic vein">superior anastomotic vein</a>) was named after him</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Camus" title="Albert Camus">Albert Camus</a> (1913–1960) – writer and the awardee of the <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Prize_in_Literature" title="Nobel Prize in Literature">Nobel Prize for Literature</a> in 1957.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Coste-Floret" title="Paul Coste-Floret">Paul Coste-Floret</a> (1911–1979) law professor and politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Memmi" title="Albert Memmi">Albert Memmi</a> (1920–2020) – <a href="/wiki/Tunisian_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tunisian people">Tunisian</a> scholar</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suzanne_Carrell" title="Suzanne Carrell">Suzanne Carrell</a> (1923–2019) – educator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gabriel_Camps" title="Gabriel Camps">Gabriel Camps</a> (1927–2002) – archaeologist and social anthropologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Audin" title="Maurice Audin">Maurice Audin</a> (1932–1957) – mathematician and political activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fad%C3%A9la_M%27rabet" title="Fadéla M'rabet">Fadéla M'rabet</a> (born 1935) – writer and feminist.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Gallaire" title="Fatima Gallaire">Fatima Gallaire</a> (1944–2020) – author and playwright</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Youcef_Saad" class="mw-redirect" title="Youcef Saad">Youcef Saad</a> (born 1950) – mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Picinbono" title="Bernard Picinbono">Bernard Picinbono</a> (born 1933) – applied statistician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elias_Zerhouni" title="Elias Zerhouni">Elias Zerhouni</a> (born 1951) – Algerian-born American physician scientist radiologist and biomedical engineer.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saddek_Rabah" title="Saddek Rabah">Saddek Rabah</a> (born 1968) – University Professor and academic researcher.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaouther_Adimi" title="Kaouther Adimi">Kaouther Adimi</a> (born 1986) – writer</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Abdelkader_Rezig_Elmokhadimi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Abdelkader Rezig Elmokhadimi (page does not exist)">Abdelkader Rezig Elmokhadimi</a> (1950–2022) – author and journalist.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Politics_and_Diplomacy">Politics and Diplomacy</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Politics and Diplomacy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferhat_Abbas" title="Ferhat Abbas">Ferhat Abbas</a> (1899–1985) – politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohamed_Lamine_Debaghine" title="Mohamed Lamine Debaghine">Mohamed Lamine Debaghine</a> (1917–2003) – political activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehdi_Ben_Barka" title="Mehdi Ben Barka">Mehdi Ben Barka</a> (1920–1965?) – <a href="/wiki/Moroccan_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Moroccan people">Moroccan</a> politician; <a href="/wiki/Enforced_disappearance" title="Enforced disappearance">disappeared</a> in 1965</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhdar_Brahimi" title="Lakhdar Brahimi">Lakhdar Brahimi</a> (born 1934) – UN diplomat and Algerian Minister of Foreign Affairs.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hassiba_Ben_Bouali" title="Hassiba Ben Bouali">Hassiba Ben Bouali</a> (1938–1957) – political activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferhat_Mehenni" title="Ferhat Mehenni">Ferhat Mehenni</a> (born 1951) – political activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmed_Djoghlaf" title="Ahmed Djoghlaf">Ahmed Djoghlaf</a> (born 1953) – executive secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Biological_Diversity" title="Convention on Biological Diversity">Convention on Biological Diversity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Said_Djinnit" title="Said Djinnit">Said Djinnit</a> (born 1954) – <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> diplomat</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahim_Djamel_Kassali" title="Brahim Djamel Kassali">Brahim Djamel Kassali</a> (born 1954) – <a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algerian</a> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Finance_(Algeria)" title="Ministry of Finance (Algeria)">Minister of Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khalida_Toumi" title="Khalida Toumi">Khalida Toumi</a> (born 1958) – feminist activist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="List of colleges and universities">List of colleges and universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Algeria" title="List of universities in Algeria">List of universities in Algeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Universities_and_colleges_in_Algeria" title="Category:Universities and colleges in Algeria">Universities and colleges in Algeria</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-algiers-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-algiers_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130502082443/http://www.enstructive.com/university-of-algiersbenyoucef-benkhedda/">"University of Algiers/Benyoucef Benkhedda"</a>. enstructive.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.enstructive.com/university-of-algiersbenyoucef-benkhedda/">the original</a> on 2 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Algiers%2FBenyoucef+Benkhedda&rft.pub=enstructive.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.enstructive.com%2Funiversity-of-algiersbenyoucef-benkhedda%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-african-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-african_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210107213411/http://www.africanseer.com/Universities-In-Africa/Universities-In-Algeria.php">"University of Algiers – Benyoucef Benkhedda"</a>. africanseer.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.africanseer.com/Universities-In-Africa/Universities-In-Algeria.php">the original</a> on 7 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Algiers+%E2%80%93+Benyoucef+Benkhedda&rft.pub=africanseer.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.africanseer.com%2FUniversities-In-Africa%2FUniversities-In-Algeria.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-media-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-media_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130913093521/http://www.mediahex.com/University_of_Algiers">"University of Algiers"</a>. mediahex.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mediahex.com/University_of_Algiers">the original</a> on 13 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=University+of+Algiers&rft.pub=mediahex.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mediahex.com%2FUniversity_of_Algiers&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMélia1950" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Mélia, Jean (1950). <i>Histoire de l’Université d’Alger: L’épopée intellectuelle de l’Algérie</i> (in French). Algiers: La Maison des livres. pp. 39–50.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Histoire+de+l%E2%80%99Universit%C3%A9+d%E2%80%99Alger%3A+L%E2%80%99%C3%A9pop%C3%A9e+intellectuelle+de+l%E2%80%99Alg%C3%A9rie&rft.place=Algiers&rft.pages=39-50&rft.pub=La+Maison+des+livres&rft.date=1950&rft.aulast=M%C3%A9lia&rft.aufirst=Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-A2T-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-A2T_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A2T_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A2T_5-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-A2T_5-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.africa2trust.com/member/Default.aspx?l=1&c=49&glx=0&sid=9362&catid=2">"About University of Algiers (Algeria)"</a>. <i>www.africa2trust.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.africa2trust.com&rft.atitle=About+University+of+Algiers+%28Algeria%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.africa2trust.com%2Fmember%2FDefault.aspx%3Fl%3D1%26c%3D49%26glx%3D0%26sid%3D9362%26catid%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPervillé1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pervillé, Guy (1984). <i>Les Étudiants algériens de l’université française 1880-1962: Populisme et nationalisme chez les étudiants et intellectuels musulmans algériens de formation française</i> (in French). Paris: Éditions de CNRS. p. 128.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Les+%C3%89tudiants+alg%C3%A9riens+de+l%E2%80%99universit%C3%A9+fran%C3%A7aise+1880-1962%3A+Populisme+et+nationalisme+chez+les+%C3%A9tudiants+et+intellectuels+musulmans+alg%C3%A9riens+de+formation+fran%C3%A7aise&rft.place=Paris&rft.pages=128&rft.pub=%C3%89ditions+de+CNRS&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Pervill%C3%A9&rft.aufirst=Guy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">n incendie criminel ravage l’universite, plusieurs autres batiments publics sont de ́truit’, LeMonde(9 June 1962)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fleury, Georges. The Secret History of the Organisation De l'Armée Secrète Grasset, 2002.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150614044357/http://www.reporters.dz/index.php/galeries-videos/item/46575-appel-d-universitaires-et-d-intellectuels-a-faire-de-la-fac-centrale-un-monument-historique">"Appel d'universitaires et d'intellectuels à faire de la Fac centrale un monument historique"</a>. Reporters. 12 June 2015. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.reporters.dz/index.php/galeries-videos/item/46575-appel-d-universitaires-et-d-intellectuels-a-faire-de-la-fac-centrale-un-monument-historique">the original</a> on 14 June 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Appel+d%27universitaires+et+d%27intellectuels+%C3%A0+faire+de+la+Fac+centrale+un+monument+historique&rft.pub=Reporters&rft.date=2015-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.reporters.dz%2Findex.php%2Fgaleries-videos%2Fitem%2F46575-appel-d-universitaires-et-d-intellectuels-a-faire-de-la-fac-centrale-un-monument-historique&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-huffpost_fac_centrale-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-huffpost_fac_centrale_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150706000626/http://www.huffpostmaghreb.com/2015/07/03/faculte-alger-patrimoine_n_7721938.html">"L'appel des universitaires a été entendu: la Fac centrale d'Alger classée monument historique"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Huffington_Post" class="mw-redirect" title="Huffington Post">Huffington Post</a>. 3 July 2015. Archived from the original on 6 July 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=L%27appel+des+universitaires+a+%C3%A9t%C3%A9+entendu%3A+la+Fac+centrale+d%27Alger+class%C3%A9e+monument+historique&rft.pub=Huffington+Post&rft.date=2015-07-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.huffpostmaghreb.com%2F2015%2F07%2F03%2Ffaculte-alger-patrimoine_n_7721938.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: unfit URL (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_unfit_URL" title="Category:CS1 maint: unfit URL">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nationsencyclopedia.com/Africa/Algeria-LIBRARIES-AND-MUSEUMS.html">"Libraries and museums – Algeria"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia of the Nations</i>. 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+of+the+Nations&rft.atitle=Libraries+and+museums+%E2%80%93+Algeria&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nationsencyclopedia.com%2FAfrica%2FAlgeria-LIBRARIES-AND-MUSEUMS.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AAlgiers+1+University" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Algiers_1_University&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170609124559/http://www.univ-alger.dz/">University of Algiers Website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Arabic, English, and French)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100401065015/http://www.fac-islamique-alger.dz/">Faculty of Islamic Sciences</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Arabic)</span></li></ul> <p><span class="geo-inline-hidden noexcerpt"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Algiers_1_University&params=36_46_15_N_3_03_20_E_region:DZ_type:edu_source:kolossus-frwiki"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">36°46′15″N</span> <span class="longitude">3°03′20″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">36.77083°N 3.05556°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">36.77083; 3.05556</span></span></span></a></span></span> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output 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title="Special:EditPage/Template:UNIMED"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Mediterranean_Universities_Union_(UNIMED)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Universities_Union" title="Mediterranean Universities Union">Mediterranean Universities Union (UNIMED)</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Africa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Africa</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Algeria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Abou_Bekr_Belka%C3%AFd" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Abou Bekr Belkaïd">Abou Bekr Belkaïd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Algiers" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Algiers">Algiers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Annaba" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Annaba">Annaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_B%C3%A9ja%C3%AFa" title="University of Béjaïa">Béjaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Blida" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Blida">Blida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Constantine_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Constantine 1">Constantine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Nationale_Polytechnique_d%27Oran&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="École Nationale Polytechnique d'Oran (page does not exist)">ENP Oran</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Nationale_Sup%C3%A9rieure_de_Sciences_Politiques&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="École Nationale Supérieure de Sciences Politiques (page does not exist)">ENSSP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89cole_Polytechnique_d%27Architecture_et_d%27Urbanisme&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="École Polytechnique d'Architecture et d'Urbanisme (page does not exist)">EPAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mostaganem" title="University of Mostaganem">Mostaganem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oran" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Oran">Oran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mouloud_Mammeri_University_of_Tizi-Ouzou" class="mw-redirect" title="Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou">Tizi Ouzou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Egypt</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arab_Academy_for_Science_and_Technology_and_Maritime_Transport" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab Academy for Science and Technology and Maritime Transport">AAST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_University" title="Alexandria University">Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_University" title="Cairo University">Cairo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libya</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Arab_Medical_University" title="Al-Arab Medical University">Al-Arab Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Fateh_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Fateh University">Al Fateh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Libya" title="University of Libya">Libya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Morocco</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadi_Ayyad_University" title="Cadi Ayyad University">Cadi Ayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Hassan_II_Casablanca" title="University of Hassan II Casablanca">University of Hassan II Casablanca</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ibnou_Zohr_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ibnou Zohr University (page does not exist)">Ibnou Zohr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_V_University" title="Mohammed V University">Mohammed V</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tunisia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carthage_University" title="Carthage University">Carthage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Gafsa" title="University of Gafsa">Gafsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jendouba" title="University of Jendouba">Jendouba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kairouan" title="University of Kairouan">Kairouan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Monastir" title="University of Monastir">Monastir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sfax" title="University of Sfax">Sfax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sousse" title="University of Sousse">Sousse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunis_University" title="Tunis University">Tunis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunis_El_Manar_University" title="Tunis El Manar University">Tunis El Manar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Europe" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Europe</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Albania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tirana" title="University of Tirana">Tirana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cyprus</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cyprus_University_of_Technology" title="Cyprus University of Technology">CUT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cyprus" title="University of Cyprus">University of Cyprus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Finland</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tampere_University" title="Tampere University">Tampere</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">France</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montpellier_2_University" title="Montpellier 2 University">Montpellier 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_8_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Paris 8 University">Paris 8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_C%C3%A9zanne_University" title="Paul Cézanne University">Paul Cézanne</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Greece</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_and_Kapodistrian_University_of_Athens" title="National and Kapodistrian University of Athens">Athens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panteion_University" title="Panteion University">Panteion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Italy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bari" title="University of Bari">Bari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bologna" title="University of Bologna">Bologna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Camerino" title="University of Camerino">Camerino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seconda_Universit%C3%A0_degli_Studi_di_Napoli" class="mw-redirect" title="Seconda Università degli Studi di Napoli">Caserta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Catania" title="University of Catania">Catania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%27Annunzio_University_of_Chieti%E2%80%93Pescara" title="D'Annunzio University of Chieti–Pescara">Chieti–Pescara D'Annunzio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Messina" title="University of Messina">Messina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Modena_and_Reggio_Emilia" title="University of Modena and Reggio Emilia">Modena and Reggio Emilia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Molise" title="University of Molise">Campobasso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Naples_Federico_II" title="University of Naples Federico II">Naples Federico II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Padua" title="University of Padua">Padua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Palermo" title="University of Palermo">Palermo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Perugia" title="University of Perugia">Perugia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_Foreigners_Perugia" class="mw-redirect" title="University for Foreigners Perugia">Perugia Foreigners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Reggio_Calabria" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Reggio Calabria">Reggio Calabria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roma_Tre_University" title="Roma Tre University">Rome III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sapienza_University_of_Rome" title="Sapienza University of Rome">Rome la Sapienza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S._Pio_V_University_of_Rome" class="mw-redirect" title="S. Pio V University of Rome">Rome S. Pio V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Salento" title="University of Salento">Salento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sassari" title="University of Sassari">Sassari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Teramo" title="University of Teramo">Teramo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Turin" title="University of Turin">Turin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Urbino" title="University of Urbino">Urbino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Malta</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Malta" title="University of Malta">University of Malta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Montenegro</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Montenegro" title="University of Montenegro">University of Montenegro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Portugal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aveiro" title="University of Aveiro">Aveiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_%C3%89vora" title="University of Évora">Évora</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Slovenia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Primorska" title="University of Primorska">Primorska</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Spain</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Barcelona" title="University of Barcelona">Barcelona</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_C%C3%B3rdoba_(Spain)" title="University of Córdoba (Spain)">University of Córdoba (Spain)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Granada" title="University of Granada">Granada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Complutense_University_of_Madrid" title="Complutense University of Madrid">UCM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Valencia" title="University of Valencia">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Western_Asia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Western Asia</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Jordan</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_al-Bayt_University" title="Al al-Bayt University">Al al-Bayt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashemite_University" title="Hashemite University">Hashemite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jordan_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Jordan University of Science and Technology">JUST</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jordan" title="University of Jordan">University of Jordan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lebanon</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lebanese_University" title="Lebanese University">Lebanese University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Holy_Spirit_University_of_Kaslik" title="Holy Spirit University of Kaslik">Saint-Esprit de Kaslik</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Palestinian territories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_University_%E2%80%93_Gaza" title="Al-Azhar University – Gaza">Al-Azhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/An-Najah_National_University" title="An-Najah National University">An-Najah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem_University" title="Bethlehem University">Bethlehem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birzeit_University" title="Birzeit University">Birzeit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Syria</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Baath_University" title="Al-Baath University">Al-Baath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Aleppo" title="University of Aleppo">Aleppo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damascus_University" title="Damascus University">Damascus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tishreen_University" title="Tishreen University">Tishreen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Universities_of_Algeria" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Universities_of_Algeria" title="Template:Universities of Algeria"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Universities_of_Algeria" title="Template talk:Universities of Algeria"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Universities_of_Algeria" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Universities of Algeria"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Universities_of_Algeria" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_universities_in_Algeria" title="List of universities in Algeria">Universities of Algeria</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Abou_Bakr_Belka%C3%AFd" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Abou Bakr Belkaïd">University of Abou Bakr Belkaïd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Adrar" title="University of Adrar">University of Adrar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Chlef" title="University of Chlef">University of Chlef</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larbi_Ben_M%27hidi_University_of_Oum_El_Bouaghi" class="mw-redirect" title="Larbi Ben M'hidi University of Oum El Bouaghi">Larbi Ben M'hidi University of Oum El Bouaghi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">University of Algiers Benyoucef Benkhedda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bouira" title="University of Bouira">University of Bouira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Boumerd%C3%A8s" title="University of Boumerdès">M'Bougara University of Boumerdès</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Algiers_2" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Algiers 2">University of Algiers 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Algiers_3" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Algiers 3">University of Algiers 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Annaba" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Annaba">University of Annaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Badji_Mokhtar" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Badji Mokhtar">University of Badji Mokhtar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Batna" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Batna">University of Batna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Biskra" title="University of Biskra">University of Biskra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bechar" title="University of Bechar">University of Bechar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bejaia" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Bejaia">University of Bejaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Blida" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Blida">University of Blida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emir_Abdelkader_University" title="Emir Abdelkader University">Emir Abdelkader University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_1_University" title="Constantine 1 University">Constantine 1 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_2_University" title="Constantine 2 University">Constantine 2 University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constantine_3_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Constantine 3 University (page does not exist)">Constantine 3 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Guelma" title="University of Guelma">University of Guelma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_National_Veterinary_School" title="Higher National Veterinary School">Higher National Veterinary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_National_Agronomic_School" title="Higher National Agronomic School">Higher National Agronomic School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Jijel" title="University of Jijel">University of Jijel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Laghouat" title="University of Laghouat">University of Laghouat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mostaganem" title="University of Mostaganem">University of Mostaganem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tizi_Ouzou" title="University of Tizi Ouzou">Mouloud Mammeri University of Tizi-Ouzou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Oran" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Oran">University of Oran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ouargla" title="University of Ouargla">University of Ouargla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sciences_and_Technology_Houari_Boumediene" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene">University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setif_1_University" title="Setif 1 University">Setif 1 University</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Setif_2_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Setif 2 University (page does not exist)">Setif 2 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Skikda" title="University of Skikda">University of Skikda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Association_of_African_Universities" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Association_of_African_Universities" title="Template:Association of African Universities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Association_of_African_Universities" title="Template talk:Association of African Universities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Association_of_African_Universities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Association of African Universities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Association_of_African_Universities" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_African_Universities" title="Association of African Universities">Association of African Universities</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Algeria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Algeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Algeria" title="Algeria">Algeria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Algiers 1 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_1_University" title="Constantine 1 University">Constantine 1 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oran_1_University" title="Oran 1 University">Oran 1 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ouargla" title="University of Ouargla">University of Ouargla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Science_and_Technology_Houari_Boumediene" title="University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene">University of Science and Technology Houari Boumediene</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="45" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:FlagsMapAfrica.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/FlagsMapAfrica.png/100px-FlagsMapAfrica.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="119" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/FlagsMapAfrica.png/150px-FlagsMapAfrica.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/FlagsMapAfrica.png/200px-FlagsMapAfrica.png 2x" data-file-width="1727" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/23px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/35px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Flag_of_Angola.svg/45px-Flag_of_Angola.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Angola" title="Angola">Angola</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agostinho_Neto_University" title="Agostinho Neto University">Agostinho Neto University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/23px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/35px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Benin.svg/45px-Flag_of_Benin.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Benin" title="Benin">Benin</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Abomey-Calavi" title="University of Abomey-Calavi">University of Abomey-Calavi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_Botswana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Botswana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Botswana" title="Botswana">Botswana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Botho_University" title="Botho University">Botho University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_Accountancy_College" title="Botswana Accountancy College">Botswana Accountancy College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_International_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Botswana International University of Science and Technology">Botswana International University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Botswana_University_of_Agriculture_and_Natural_Resources" title="Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources">Botswana University of Agriculture and Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Botswana" title="University of Botswana">University of Botswana</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg/45px-Flag_of_Burkina_Faso.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_Boni_University" title="Nazi Boni University">Nazi Boni University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ouagadougou" title="University of Ouagadougou">University of Ouagadougou</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Flag_of_Burundi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Burundi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Burundi" title="Burundi">Burundi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Burundi" title="University of Burundi">University of Burundi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Flag_of_Cameroon.svg/45px-Flag_of_Cameroon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cameroon" title="Cameroon">Cameroon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bamenda" title="University of Bamenda">University of Bamenda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Buea" title="University of Buea">University of Buea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Douala" title="University of Douala">University of Douala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dschang" title="University of Dschang">University of Dschang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Maroua" title="University of Maroua">University of Maroua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ngaound%C3%A9r%C3%A9" title="University of Ngaoundéré">University of Ngaoundéré</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Yaound%C3%A9_I" title="University of Yaoundé I">University of Yaoundé I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cape_Verde.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1020" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cape_Verde" title="Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jean_Piaget_University_of_Cape_Verde" title="Jean Piaget University of Cape Verde">Jean Piaget University of Cape Verde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Central_African_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Central_African_Republic" title="Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/EUCLID_(university)" class="mw-redirect" title="EUCLID (university)">EUCLID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bangui" title="University of Bangui">University of Bangui</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/23px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/35px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4b/Flag_of_Chad.svg/45px-Flag_of_Chad.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Chad" title="Chad">Chad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_N%27Djamena" title="University of N'Djamena">University of N'Djamena</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marien_Ngouabi_University" title="Marien Ngouabi University">Marien Ngouabi University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/23px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/35px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg/45px-Flag_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ivory_Coast" title="Ivory Coast">Cote d'Ivoire</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_University_of_Grand-Bassam" title="International University of Grand-Bassam">International University of Grand-Bassam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_F%C3%A9lix_Houphou%C3%ABt-Boigny" title="Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny">Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/20px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/31px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic<br />of the Congo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Bukavu" title="Catholic University of Bukavu">Catholic University of Bukavu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kinshasa" title="University of Kinshasa">University of Kinshasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Kisangani" title="University of Kisangani">University of Kisangani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lubumbashi" title="University of Lubumbashi">University of Lubumbashi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/23px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/35px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Egypt.svg/45px-Flag_of_Egypt.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Egypt" title="Egypt">Egypt</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ain_Shams_University" title="Ain Shams University">Ain Shams University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Azhar_University" title="Al-Azhar University">Al-Azhar University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_Higher_Institute_of_Engineering_and_Technology" title="Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology">Alexandria Higher Institute of Engineering and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexandria_University" title="Alexandria University">Alexandria University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benha_University" title="Benha University">Benha University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_University" title="Cairo University">Cairo University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egypt-Japan_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology">Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_e-Learning_University" title="Egyptian e-Learning University">Egyptian e-Learning University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helwan_University" title="Helwan University">Helwan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansoura_University" title="Mansoura University">Mansoura University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menoufia_University" title="Menoufia University">Menoufia University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minya_University" title="Minya University">Minya University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misr_University_for_Science_and_Technology" title="Misr University for Science and Technology">Misr University for Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_6_University" title="October 6 University">October 6 University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pharos_University_in_Alexandria" title="Pharos University in Alexandria">Pharos University in Alexandria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Valley_University" title="South Valley University">South Valley University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal_University" title="Suez Canal University">Suez Canal University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanta_University" title="Tanta University">Tanta University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_American_University_in_Cairo" class="mw-redirect" title="The American University in Cairo">The American University in Cairo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_British_University_in_Egypt" title="The British University in Egypt">The British University in Egypt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sadat_City" title="University of Sadat City">University of Sadat City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zagazig_University" title="Zagazig University">Zagazig University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Flag_of_Eritrea.svg/46px-Flag_of_Eritrea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Eritrea" title="Eritrea">Eritrea</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Asmara" title="University of Asmara">University of Asmara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/23px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/35px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Flag_of_Eswatini.svg/45px-Flag_of_Eswatini.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Eswatini" title="Eswatini">Eswatini</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Eswatini" title="University of Eswatini">University of Eswatini</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Ethiopia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa_Science_and_Technology_University" title="Addis Ababa Science and Technology University">Addis Ababa Science and Technology University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Addis_Ababa_University" title="Addis Ababa University">Addis Ababa University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethiopian_Civil_Service_University" title="Ethiopian Civil Service University">Ethiopian Civil Service University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haramaya_University" title="Haramaya University">Haramaya University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hawassa_University" title="Hawassa University">Hawassa University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jimma_University" title="Jimma University">Jimma University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mekelle_University" title="Mekelle University">Mekelle University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Mary%27s_University_(Addis_Ababa)" title="St. Mary's University (Addis Ababa)">St. Mary's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wollega_University" title="Wollega University">Wollega University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/20px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/31px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Flag_of_Gabon.svg/40px-Flag_of_Gabon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Gabon" title="Gabon">Gabon</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Omar_Bongo_University" title="Omar Bongo University">Omar Bongo University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Ghana.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ghana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ghana" title="Ghana">Ghana</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Accra_Institute_of_Technology" title="Accra Institute of Technology">Accra Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Accra_Technical_University" title="Accra Technical University">Accra Technical University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/African_University_College_of_Communications" title="African University College of Communications">African University College of Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Nations_University" title="All Nations University">All Nations University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashesi_University" title="Ashesi University">Ashesi University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bluecrest_University_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Bluecrest University College">Bluecrest University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_University_(Ghana)" title="Central University (Ghana)">Central University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Grant_University_of_Mines_and_Technology" title="George Grant University of Mines and Technology">George Grant University of Mines and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Institute_of_Languages" title="Ghana Institute of Languages">Ghana Institute of Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghana_Institute_of_Management_and_Public_Administration" title="Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration">Ghana Institute of Management and Public Administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koforidua_Technical_University" title="Koforidua Technical University">Koforidua Technical University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumasi_Technical_University" title="Kumasi Technical University">Kumasi Technical University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwame_Nkrumah_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology">Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methodist_University_College_Ghana" title="Methodist University College Ghana">Methodist University College Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pentecost_University" title="Pentecost University">Pentecost University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_University_College" title="Presbyterian University College">Presbyterian University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radford_University_College" title="Radford University College">Radford University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regent_University_College_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Regent University College of Science and Technology">Regent University College of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Maritime_University" title="Regional Maritime University">Regional Maritime University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_for_Development_Studies" title="University for Development Studies">University for Development Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Coast" title="University of Cape Coast">University of Cape Coast</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Education,_Winneba" title="University of Education, Winneba">University of Education, Winneba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Energy_and_Natural_Resources" title="University of Energy and Natural Resources">University of Energy and Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ghana" title="University of Ghana">University of Ghana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Health_and_Allied_Sciences" title="University of Health and Allied Sciences">University of Health and Allied Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Professional_Studies" title="University of Professional Studies">University of Professional Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Media,_Arts_and_Communication" title="University of Media, Arts and Communication">University of Media, Arts and Communication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valley_View_University" title="Valley View University">Valley View University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wisconsin_International_University_College" title="Wisconsin International University College">Wisconsin International University College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zenith_University_College" title="Zenith University College">Zenith University College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Kenya.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kenya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Kenya" title="Kenya">Kenya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/African_Virtual_University" title="African Virtual University">African Virtual University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Eastern_Africa" title="Catholic University of Eastern Africa">Catholic University of Eastern Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daystar_University" title="Daystar University">Daystar University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dedan_Kimathi_University_of_Technology" title="Dedan Kimathi University of Technology">Dedan Kimathi University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egerton_University" title="Egerton University">Egerton University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Centre_of_Insect_Physiology_and_Ecology" title="International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology">International Centre of Insect Physiology and Ecology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jomo_Kenyatta_University_of_Agriculture_and_Technology" title="Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology">Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenyatta_University" title="Kenyatta University">Kenyatta University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maseno_University" title="Maseno University">Maseno University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masinde_Muliro_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology">Masinde Muliro University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moi_University" title="Moi University">Moi University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Kenya_University" title="Mount Kenya University">Mount Kenya University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multimedia_University_of_Kenya" title="Multimedia University of Kenya">Multimedia University of Kenya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Eastern_Kenya_University" title="South Eastern Kenya University">South Eastern Kenya University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Strathmore_University" title="Strathmore University">Strathmore University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umma_University" title="Umma University">Umma University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Eldoret" title="University of Eldoret">University of Eldoret</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nairobi" title="University of Nairobi">University of Nairobi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/23px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/35px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Flag_of_Lesotho.svg/45px-Flag_of_Lesotho.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Lesotho" title="Lesotho">Lesotho</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Lesotho" title="National University of Lesotho">National University of Lesotho</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/Flag_of_Liberia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Liberia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Liberia" title="Liberia">Liberia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuttington_University" title="Cuttington University">Cuttington University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stella_Maris_Polytechnic_University" title="Stella Maris Polytechnic University">Stella Maris Polytechnic University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Methodist_University" title="United Methodist University">United Methodist University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/23px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/35px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Libya.svg/46px-Flag_of_Libya.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Libya" title="Libya">Libya</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al_Asmarya_University_for_Islamic_Sciences" title="Al Asmarya University for Islamic Sciences">Al Asmarya University for Islamic Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Zawiya_University" title="Al Zawiya University">Al Zawiya University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Misurata_University" title="Misurata University">Misurata University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabha_University" title="Sabha University">Sabha University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Benghazi" title="University of Benghazi">University of Benghazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Tripoli" title="University of Tripoli">University of Tripoli</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/23px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/35px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Flag_of_Madagascar.svg/45px-Flag_of_Madagascar.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Madagascar" title="Madagascar">Madagascar</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Antananarivo" title="University of Antananarivo">University of Antananarivo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toamasina" title="University of Toamasina">University of Toamasina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Toliara" title="University of Toliara">University of Toliara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Flag_of_Malawi.svg/45px-Flag_of_Malawi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malawi" title="Malawi">Malawi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lilongwe_University_of_Agriculture_and_Natural_Resources" title="Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources">Lilongwe University of Agriculture and Natural Resources</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Malawi University of Science and Technology">Malawi University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UNICAF" title="UNICAF">UNICAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Malawi" title="University of Malawi">University of Malawi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Mali.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mali.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mali" title="Mali">Mali</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Bamako" title="University of Bamako">University of Bamako</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Flag_of_Mauritania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mauritania" title="Mauritania">Mauritania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Nouakchott_Al_Aasriya" title="University of Nouakchott Al Aasriya">University of Nouakchott Al Aasriya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_Mauritius.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mauritius.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mauritius" title="Mauritius">Mauritius</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Open_University_of_Mauritius" title="Open University of Mauritius">Open University of Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mauritius" title="University of Mauritius">University of Mauritius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Technology,_Mauritius" title="University of Technology, Mauritius">University of Technology, Mauritius</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_First_University" title="Mohammed First University">Mohammed First University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammed_V_University" title="Mohammed V University">Mohammed V University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_al-Qarawiyyin" title="University of al-Qarawiyyin">University of al-Qarawiyyin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Flag_of_Mozambique.svg/45px-Flag_of_Mozambique.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mozambique" title="Mozambique">Mozambique</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Mozambique" title="Catholic University of Mozambique">Catholic University of Mozambique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eduardo_Mondlane_University" title="Eduardo Mondlane University">Eduardo Mondlane University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maputo_University" title="Maputo University">Maputo University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/Flag_of_Namibia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Namibia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Namibia" title="Namibia">Namibia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_University_of_Management" title="International University of Management">International University of Management</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namibia_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Namibia University of Science and Technology">Namibia University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Namibia" title="University of Namibia">University of Namibia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/18px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/27px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Flag_of_Niger.svg/35px-Flag_of_Niger.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Niger" title="Niger">Niger</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdou_Moumouni_University" title="Abdou Moumouni University">Abdou Moumouni University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Higher_Institute_of_Mining,_Industry_and_Geology" title="Higher Institute of Mining, Industry and Geology">Higher Institute of Mining, Industry and Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryam_Abacha_American_University_Niger" title="Maryam Abacha American University Niger">Maryam Abacha American University Niger</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Flag_of_Nigeria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nigeria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Nigeria" title="Nigeria">Nigeria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abia_State_University" title="Abia State University">Abia State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abubakar_Tafawa_Balewa_University" title="Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University">Abubakar Tafawa Balewa University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adamawa_State_University" title="Adamawa State University">Adamawa State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmadu_Bello_University" title="Ahmadu Bello University">Ahmadu Bello University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Hikmah_University" title="Al-Hikmah University">Al-Hikmah University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babcock_University" title="Babcock University">Babcock University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayero_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Bayero University">Bayero University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bells_University_of_Technology" title="Bells University of Technology">Bells University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bowen_University" title="Bowen University">Bowen University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crawford_University" title="Crawford University">Crawford University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delta_State_University,_Abraka" title="Delta State University, Abraka">Delta State University, Abraka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebonyi_State_University" title="Ebonyi State University">Ebonyi State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Technology,_Minna" title="Federal University of Technology, Minna">Federal University of Technology, Minna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Technology,_Owerri" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal University of Technology, Owerri">Federal University of Technology, Owerri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_University_of_Technology,_Yola" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal University of Technology, Yola">Federal University of Technology, Yola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gombe_State_University" title="Gombe State University">Gombe State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kogi_State_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Kogi State University">Kogi State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwara_State_University" title="Kwara State University">Kwara State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladoke_Akintola_University_of_Technology" title="Ladoke Akintola University of Technology">Ladoke Akintola University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Okpara_University_of_Agriculture" title="Michael Okpara University of Agriculture">Michael Okpara University of Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Open_University_of_Nigeria" title="National Open University of Nigeria">National Open University of Nigeria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Niger_Delta_University" title="Niger Delta University">Niger Delta University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nnamdi_Azikiwe_University" title="Nnamdi Azikiwe University">Nnamdi Azikiwe University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osun_State_University" title="Osun State University">Osun State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pan-Atlantic_University" title="Pan-Atlantic University">Pan-Atlantic University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redeemer%27s_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Redeemer's University">Redeemer's University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivers_State_University" title="Rivers State University">Rivers State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Abuja" title="University of Abuja">University of Abuja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Africa,_Toru-Orua" title="University of Africa, Toru-Orua">University of Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Agriculture,_Abeokuta" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Agriculture, Abeokuta">University of Agriculture, Abeokuta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Agriculture,_Makurdi" title="University of Agriculture, Makurdi">University of Agriculture, Makurdi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Benin_(Nigeria)" title="University of Benin (Nigeria)">University of Benin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Calabar" title="University of Calabar">University of Calabar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ibadan" title="University of Ibadan">University of Ibadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Ilorin" title="University of Ilorin">University of Ilorin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Lagos" title="University of Lagos">University of Lagos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Port_Harcourt" title="University of Port Harcourt">University of Port Harcourt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Uyo" title="University of Uyo">University of Uyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Usman_Dan_Fodio_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Usman Dan Fodio University">Usman Dan Fodio University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Rwanda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Rwanda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Rwanda" title="Rwanda">Rwanda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_Nationale_du_Rwanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Université Nationale du Rwanda">Université Nationale du Rwanda</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg/45px-Flag_of_Sierra_Leone.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sierra_Leone" title="Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Njala_University" title="Njala University">Njala University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Sierra_Leone" title="University of Sierra Leone">University of Sierra Leone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Flag_of_Somalia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Somalia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Somalia" title="Somalia">Somalia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benadir_University" title="Benadir University">Benadir University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Africa_University" title="East Africa University">East Africa University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puntland_State_University" title="Puntland State University">Puntland State University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Africa" title="South Africa">South Africa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cape_Peninsula_University_of_Technology" title="Cape Peninsula University of Technology">Cape Peninsula University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_University_of_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Central University of Technology">Central University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nelson_Mandela_Metropolitan_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University">Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-West_University" title="North-West University">North-West University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes_University" title="Rhodes University">Rhodes University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Cape_Town" title="University of Cape Town">University of Cape Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Fort_Hare" title="University of Fort Hare">University of Fort Hare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Johannesburg" title="University of Johannesburg">University of Johannesburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_KwaZulu-Natal" title="University of KwaZulu-Natal">University of KwaZulu-Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Free_State" title="University of the Free State">University of the Free State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Limpopo" title="University of Limpopo">University of Limpopo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Pretoria" title="University of Pretoria">University of Pretoria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_South_Africa" title="University of South Africa">University of South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Stellenbosch" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Stellenbosch">University of Stellenbosch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Western_Cape" title="University of the Western Cape">University of the Western Cape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Witwatersrand" title="University of the Witwatersrand">University of the Witwatersrand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Venda" title="University of Venda">University of Venda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zululand" title="University of Zululand">University of Zululand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Sisulu_University" title="Walter Sisulu University">Walter Sisulu University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_South_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1140" data-file-height="570" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/South_Sudan" title="South Sudan">South Sudan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Juba" title="University of Juba">University of Juba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Flag_of_Sudan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sudan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Sudan" title="Sudan">Sudan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Imam_El_Mahdi_University" title="El Imam El Mahdi University">El Imam El Mahdi University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Omdurman_Ahlia_University" title="Omdurman Ahlia University">Omdurman Ahlia University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea_University" title="Red Sea University">Red Sea University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sudan_University_of_Science_and_Technology" title="Sudan University of Science and Technology">University of Science and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Flag_of_Tanzania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Tanzania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Tanzania" title="Tanzania">Tanzania</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ardhi_University" title="Ardhi University">Ardhi University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muslim_University_of_Morogoro" title="Muslim University of Morogoro">Muslim University of Morogoro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mzumbe_University" title="Mzumbe University">Mzumbe University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Augustine_University_of_Tanzania" title="St. Augustine University of Tanzania">St. Augustine University of Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Open_University_of_Tanzania" class="mw-redirect" title="The Open University of Tanzania">The Open University of Tanzania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Dar_es_Salaam" title="University of Dar es Salaam">University of Dar es Salaam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanzibar_University" title="Zanzibar University">Zanzibar University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_The_Gambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/The_Gambia" title="The Gambia">The Gambia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Gambia" title="University of the Gambia">University of the Gambia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Togo_%283-2%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Togo" title="Togo">Togo</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Universit%C3%A9_de_Lom%C3%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="Université de Lomé">Université de Lomé</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/23px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/35px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Flag_of_Uganda.svg/45px-Flag_of_Uganda.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Uganda" title="Uganda">Uganda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Busitema_University" title="Busitema University">Busitema University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Christian_University" title="Uganda Christian University">Uganda Christian University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Management_Institute" title="Uganda Management Institute">Uganda Management Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uganda_Martyrs_University" title="Uganda Martyrs University">Uganda Martyrs University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Flag_of_Zambia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Zambia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zambia" title="Zambia">Zambia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cavendish_University_Zambia" title="Cavendish University Zambia">Cavendish University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copperbelt_University" title="Copperbelt University">Copperbelt University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulungushi_University" title="Mulungushi University">Mulungushi University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zambia" title="University of Zambia">University of Zambia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambian_Open_University" title="Zambian Open University">Zambian Open University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:left;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/23px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/35px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg/46px-Flag_of_Zimbabwe.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe" title="Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Africa_University" title="Africa University">Africa University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindura_University_of_Science_Education" title="Bindura University of Science Education">Bindura University of Science Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinhoyi_University_of_Technology" title="Chinhoyi University of Technology">Chinhoyi University of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Zimbabwe_University" title="Great Zimbabwe University">Great Zimbabwe University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harare_Institute_of_Technology" title="Harare Institute of Technology">Harare Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lupane_State_University" title="Lupane State University">Lupane State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Midlands_State_University" title="Midlands State University">Midlands State University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Science_and_Technology,_Zimbabwe" title="National University of Science and Technology, Zimbabwe">National University of Science and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Zimbabwe" title="University of Zimbabwe">University of Zimbabwe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zimbabwe_Open_University" title="Zimbabwe Open University">Zimbabwe Open University</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190852#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190852#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190852#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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