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controverse</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Viața_personală_-_controverse-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Opera_literară" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Opera_literară"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Opera literară</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Opera_literară-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Opera literară subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Opera_literară-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Principele" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Principele"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Principele</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principele-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alte_opere_importante" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alte_opere_importante"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Alte opere importante</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alte_opere_importante-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Scrieri" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Scrieri"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Scrieri</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Scrieri-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Note" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Note"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Note</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Note-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legături_externe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legături_externe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legături externe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legături_externe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Cuprins" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Comută cuprinsul" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Comută cuprinsul</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Niccolò Machiavelli</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Mergeți la un articol în altă limbă. Disponibil în 147 limbi" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-147" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">147 limbi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Макиавелли, Никколо – abhază" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Макиавелли, Никколо" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="abhază" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – germană (Elveția)" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="germană (Elveția)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%AB%E1%89%AC%E1%88%8A" title="ማካቬሊ – amharică" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማካቬሊ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amharică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – aragoneză" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%8A" title="نيكولو مكيافيلي – arabă" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نيكولو مكيافيلي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84%D9%84%D9%89" title="نيكولو ماكيافيللى – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نيكولو ماكيافيللى" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – asturiană" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавелли – avară" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Никколо Макиавелли" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="avară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="म्याकियावेली – awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="म्याकियावेली" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolo_Machiavelli" title="Niccolo Machiavelli – aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Niccolo Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikkolo_Makiavelli" title="Nikkolo Makiavelli – azeră" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nikkolo Makiavelli" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azeră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نیکولا ماکیاولی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="نیکولا ماکیاولی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавелли – bașkiră" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Никколо Макиавелли" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bașkiră" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D1%8F%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Нікало Макіявелі – belarusă" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нікало Макіявелі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belarusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%E2%80%99%D1%8F%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Нікалё Мак’явэльлі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Нікалё Мак’явэльлі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Николо Макиавели – bulgară" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Николо Макиавели" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="निकोलो मैकियावेली – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="निकोलो मैकियावेली" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bi mw-list-item"><a href="https://bi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – bislama" lang="bi" hreflang="bi" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Bislama" data-language-local-name="bislama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bislama</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8B_%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AD%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF" title="নিক্কোলো মাকিয়াভেল্লি – bengaleză" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিক্কোলো মাকিয়াভেল্লি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengaleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – bretonă" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – bosniacă" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolau_Maquiavel" title="Nicolau Maquiavel – catalană" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Nicolau Maquiavel" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Макиавелли, Никколо – cecenă" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Макиавелли, Никколо" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="cecenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%84%DB%86_%D9%85%DB%95%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%A4%DB%8E%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نیکۆلۆ مەکیاڤێلی – kurdă centrală" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="نیکۆلۆ مەکیاڤێلی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdă centrală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikkolo_Makiavelli" title="Nikkolo Makiavelli – turcă crimeeană" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Nikkolo Makiavelli" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="turcă crimeeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – cehă" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="cehă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Макиавелли Никколо – ciuvașă" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Макиавелли Никколо" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ciuvașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – galeză" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – daneză" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="daneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – germană" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CF%8C_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BA%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%AD%CE%BB%CE%B9" title="Νικολό Μακιαβέλι – greacă" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Νικολό Μακιαβέλι" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – engleză" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engleză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makiavelo" title="Makiavelo – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Makiavelo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maquiavelo" title="Nicolás Maquiavelo – spaniolă" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Nicolás Maquiavelo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spaniolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – estonă" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolas_Makiavelo" title="Nikolas Makiavelo – bască" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Nikolas Makiavelo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="bască" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نیکولو ماکیاولی – persană" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نیکولو ماکیاولی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – finlandeză" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="articol de calitate"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Machiavel" title="Nicolas Machiavel – franceză" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nicolas Machiavel" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franceză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – frizonă nordică" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="frizonă nordică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – frizonă occidentală" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="frizonă occidentală" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – irlandeză" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – galiciană" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galiciană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicol%C3%A1s_Maquiavelo" title="Nicolás Maquiavelo – guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Nicolás Maquiavelo" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Machiavelli" title="Machiavelli – chineză hakka" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="chineză hakka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95_%D7%9E%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99" title="ניקולו מקיאוולי – ebraică" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ניקולו מקיאוולי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ebraică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="निकोलो मैकियावेली – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="निकोलो मैकियावेली" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – croată" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Machiavel" title="Nicolas Machiavel – haitiană" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Nicolas Machiavel" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – maghiară" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="maghiară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Նիկոլո Մաքիավելի – armeană" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նիկոլո Մաքիավելի" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%AB%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D6%85_%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%84%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%BE%D5%A5%D5%AC%D5%AC%D5%AB" title="Նիքոլօ Մաքիավելլի – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նիքոլօ Մաքիավելլի" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – indoneziană" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indoneziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – islandeză" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – italiană" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%83%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AD%E3%83%BB%E3%83%9E%E3%82%AD%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A7%E3%83%83%E3%83%AA" title="ニッコロ・マキャヴェッリ – japoneză" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニッコロ・マキャヴェッリ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – javaneză" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ნიკოლო მაკიაველი – georgiană" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიკოლო მაკიაველი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikkolo_Makiavelli" title="Nikkolo Makiavelli – kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Nikkolo Makiavelli" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавелли – kazahă" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Никколо Макиавелли" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazahă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%A1%9C_%EB%A7%88%ED%82%A4%EC%95%84%EB%B2%A8%EB%A6%AC" title="니콜로 마키아벨리 – coreeană" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="니콜로 마키아벨리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreeană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – kurdă" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurdă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – cornică" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="cornică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавелли – kârgâză" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Никколо Макиавелли" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="kârgâză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolaus_Machiavelli" title="Nicolaus Machiavelli – latină" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Nicolaus Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latină" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – luxemburgheză" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburgheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nichiozo_Macciavello" title="Nichiozo Macciavello – liguriană" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Nichiozo Macciavello" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="liguriană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – lombardă" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="lombardă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – lituaniană" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="lituaniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolo_Makjavelli" title="Nikolo Makjavelli – letonă" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Nikolo Makjavelli" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавэлли – moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Никколо Макиавэлли" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolas_Machiavel" title="Nicolas Machiavel – malgașă" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Nicolas Machiavel" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgașă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolo_Machiavelli" title="Niccolo Machiavelli – minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Niccolo Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Николо Макијавели – macedoneană" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Николо Макијавели" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedoneană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8B_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF" title="നിക്കോളോ മാക്കിയവെല്ലി – malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നിക്കോളോ മാക്കിയവെല്ലി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавелли – mongolă" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Никколо Макиавелли" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongolă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="निकोलॉ माक्याव्हेल्ली – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="निकोलॉ माक्याव्हेल्ली" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – malaeză" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%81%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC%E1%80%97%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AE" title="မက်ခီယာဗယ်လီ – birmană" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မက်ခီယာဗယ်လီ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birmană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Макиавелли, Никколо – erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Макиавелли, Никколо" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نیکولو ماکیاولی – mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="نیکولو ماکیاولی" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – germana de jos" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="germana de jos" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8B_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AD%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%80" title="निकोलो म्याकियाभेली – newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="निकोलो म्याकियाभेली" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – neerlandeză" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – norvegiană nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norvegiană nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – norvegiană bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norvegiană bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolau_Maquiav%C3%A8l" title="Nicolau Maquiavèl – occitană" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nicolau Maquiavèl" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Макиавелли, Никколо – osetă" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Макиавелли, Никколо" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="osetă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B_%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%86%E0%A8%B5%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਨਿਕੋਲੋ ਮੈਕਿਆਵੇਲੀ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਕੋਲੋ ਮੈਕਿਆਵੇਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="articol bun"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – poloneză" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="poloneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نکولو مکیاولی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نکولو مکیاولی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%90%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%90%D9%84%DB%90" title="نېكولو مكياوېلې – paștună" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="نېكولو مكياوېلې" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paștună" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nicolau_Maquiavel" title="Nicolau Maquiavel – portugheză" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nicolau Maquiavel" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugheză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolo_Machiavelli" title="Niccolo Machiavelli – quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Niccolo Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8,_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE" title="Макиавелли, Никколо – rusă" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Макиавелли, Никколо" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Нікколо Макіавеллі – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Нікколо Макіавеллі" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%B3%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%B3_%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%AD%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%B7%E1%B1%AE%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱞᱳ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱭᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ – santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱱᱤᱠᱳᱞᱳ ᱢᱮᱠᱤᱭᱟᱵᱷᱮᱞᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – sardiniană" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sardiniană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – siciliană" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="siciliană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – sârbo-croată" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="sârbo-croată" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niqulu_Makyabilli" title="Niqulu Makyabilli – tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Niqulu Makyabilli" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – slovacă" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovacă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – slovenă" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikolo_Makiaveli" title="Nikolo Makiaveli – albaneză" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Nikolo Makiaveli" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albaneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Николо Макијавели – sârbă" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Николо Макијавели" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sârbă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – suedeză" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="suedeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccolo_Machiavelli" title="Niccolo Machiavelli – swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Niccolo Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – sileziană" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="sileziană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ni-ke-low.Ma-ci-ya-wi-li%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%AF%E7%BE%85%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9E%E7%B6%AD%E5%88%A9" title="Ni-ke-low.Ma-ci-ya-wi-li尼可羅·馬基亞維利 – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Ni-ke-low.Ma-ci-ya-wi-li尼可羅·馬基亞維利" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8B_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BF" title="நிக்கோலோ மாக்கியவெல்லி – tamilă" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நிக்கோலோ மாக்கியவெல்லி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamilă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%B5%E0%B1%86%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%80" title="మాకియవెలీ – telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మాకియవెలీ" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%83_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D3%A3" title="Никколу Мокиовеллӣ – tadjică" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Никколу Мокиовеллӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="tadjică" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0_%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B5" title="นิกโกเลาะ มาเกียเวลลี – thailandeză" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิกโกเลาะ มาเกียเวลลี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="thailandeză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nikkolo_Makiawelli" title="Nikkolo Makiawelli – turkmenă" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Nikkolo Makiawelli" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="turkmenă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – turcă" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turcă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8" title="Никколо Макиавелли – tătară" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Никколо Макиавелли" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tătară" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BB%D1%96" title="Нікколо Макіавеллі – ucraineană" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нікколо Макіавеллі" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraineană" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88_%D9%85%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C" title="نکولو مکیاویلی – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نکولو مکیاویلی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – uzbecă" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbecă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Makiavelli_Nikkolo" title="Makiavelli Nikkolo – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Makiavelli Nikkolo" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – vietnameză" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnameză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – volapuk" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapuk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – valonă" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valonă" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – wolof" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="wolof" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%91%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%9F%BA%E9%9B%85%E7%BB%B4%E5%88%A9" title="尼科洛·马基雅维利 – chineză wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尼科洛·马基雅维利" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="chineză wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%95%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="ნიკოლო მაკიაველი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ნიკოლო მაკიაველი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90_%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%99%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%99" title="ניקאלא מאקיאוועלי – idiș" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="ניקאלא מאקיאוועלי" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="idiș" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%B4%9B%C2%B7%E9%A6%AC%E5%9F%BA%E9%9B%85%E7%B6%AD%E5%88%A9" title="尼古洛·馬基雅維利 – chineză" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尼古洛·馬基雅維利" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chineză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli" title="Niccolò Machiavelli – chineză min nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Niccolò Machiavelli" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="chineză min nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E5%9F%BA%E9%9B%85%E7%B6%AD%E5%88%A9" title="馬基雅維利 – cantoneză" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="馬基雅維利" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantoneză" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1399#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Modifică legăturile interlinguale" class="wbc-editpage">Modifică legăturile</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Spații de nume"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De la Wikipedia, enciclopedia liberă</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ro" dir="ltr"><table class="infocaseta"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="antet biografii" style="background-color:#B0C4DE;color:#FFFFFF;">Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg/220px-Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="283" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg/330px-Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg/440px-Portrait_of_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_by_Santi_di_Tito.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1244" data-file-height="1600" /></a></span><br /><div style="margin-top: 3px"></div><span>Portret al lui Niccolò Machiavelli de Santi di Tito (1500)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#B0C4DE;color:#FFFFFF;">Date personale</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Născut</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1469-05-12"><a href="/wiki/3_mai" title="3 mai">3 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1469" title="1469">1469</a></time><sup id="cite_ref-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16236537">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"„""”""«""»"}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png")no-repeat;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}</style><sup id="cite_ref-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><sup id="cite_ref-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P569" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Floren%C8%9Ba" title="Florența">Florența</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republica_Florentin%C4%83" title="Republica Florentină">Republica Florentină</a><sup id="cite_ref-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P19" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Decedat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><time datetime="1527-07-01"><a href="/wiki/21_iunie" title="21 iunie">21 iunie</a> <a href="/wiki/1527" title="1527">1527</a></time> (58 de ani)<sup id="cite_ref-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-83e57ccbf4b0e416e2dbe677d3d6361c_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83e57ccbf4b0e416e2dbe677d3d6361c-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P570" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><br /><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sant%27Andrea_in_Percussina&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sant'Andrea in Percussina — pagină inexistentă">Sant'Andrea in Percussina</a><sup><small>⁠(<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2509922" class="extiw" title="d:Q2509922"><span title="Sant'Andrea in Percussina la Wikidata">d</span></a>)</small></sup>, <a href="/wiki/San_Casciano_in_Val_di_Pesa" title="San Casciano in Val di Pesa">San Casciano in Val di Pesa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toscana" title="Toscana">Toscana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P20" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Înmormântat</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Bazilica_Santa_Croce_din_Floren%C8%9Ba" title="Bazilica Santa Croce din Florența">Bazilica Santa Croce din Florența</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126003985" class="extiw" title="d:Q126003985"><span lang="it">Tomba di Niccolò Machiavelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="it">Tomba di Niccolò Machiavelli</span> (tomb in Basilica of Santa Croce, Florence, Italy, by Innocenzo Spinazzi)|]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P119" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Cauza decesului</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Peritonit%C4%83" title="Peritonită">peritonită</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P509" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Părinți</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q823072" class="extiw" title="d:Q823072">Bernardo di Niccolò Machiavelli</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernardo_di_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli_(tat%C4%83l_lui_Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernardo di Niccolò Machiavelli (tatăl lui Niccolò Machiavelli) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q111456925" class="extiw" title="d:Q111456925"><span lang="en">Bartolomea di Stefano Nelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Bartolomea di Stefano Nelli</span> (16 Oct 1496)|]]</span><sup id="cite_ref-15a9ce51b7f50b2dcbf2a7823d47b1e9_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15a9ce51b7f50b2dcbf2a7823d47b1e9-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P22" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Frați și surori</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15851280" class="extiw" title="d:Q15851280">Totto Machisvelli</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Totto_Machisvelli_((1475-1522))&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Totto Machisvelli ((1475-1522)) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P3373" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Căsătorit cu</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45350389" class="extiw" title="d:Q45350389"><span lang="en">Marietta Corsini</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Marietta Corsini</span> (soția lui Niccolò Machiavelli)|]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P26" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Număr de copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">6<sup id="cite_ref-a7865502683234d76f8ceee1730f01e8_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-a7865502683234d76f8ceee1730f01e8-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P1971" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Copii</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27093668" class="extiw" title="d:Q27093668"><span lang="en">Piero Macchiavelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="en">Piero Macchiavelli</span> (military personnel (1514-1564))|]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45350476" class="extiw" title="d:Q45350476"><span lang="it">Bartolomea Machiavelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="it">Bartolomea Machiavelli</span> (Daughter of Nicolas Machiavel)|]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45350543" class="extiw" title="d:Q45350543"><span lang="it">Bernardo Macciavelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="it">Bernardo Macciavelli</span> |]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45350595" class="extiw" title="d:Q45350595"><span lang="it">Ludovico Macciavelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="it">Ludovico Macciavelli</span> |]]</span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45350838" class="extiw" title="d:Q45350838"><span lang="it">Guido Machiavelli</span></a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none">[[<span lang="it">Guido Machiavelli</span> |]]</span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P40" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Religie</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Catolicism" title="Catolicism">catolicism</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P140" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Ocupație</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Scriitor" title="Scriitor">scriitor</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Istoric" title="Istoric">istoric</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Filozof" title="Filozof">filozof</a><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15994177" class="extiw" title="d:Q15994177">teoretician politic</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoretician_politic_(person_who_develops_theories_of_politics)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoretician politic (person who develops theories of politics) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12806039" class="extiw" title="d:Q12806039">teoretician militar</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Teoretician_militar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Teoretician militar — pagină inexistentă"></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Traduc%C4%83tor" title="Traducător">traducător</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Poet" title="Poet">poet</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomat</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Dramaturg" title="Dramaturg">dramaturg</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P106" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Locul desfășurării activității</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Italia" title="Italia">Italia</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P937" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th style=";">Limbi vorbite</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";"><a href="/wiki/Limba_italian%C4%83" title="Limba italiană">limba italiană</a><sup id="cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r16236537" /><br /><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1990745" class="extiw" title="d:Q1990745">limba toscană</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Limba_toscan%C4%83_(Italo-Dalmatian_variety_mainly_spoken_in_the_Italian_region_of_Tuscany)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Limba toscană (Italo-Dalmatian variety mainly spoken in the Italian region of Tuscany) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399#P1412" title="Modificați la Wikidata"><img alt="Modificați la Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/10px-Blue_pencil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/15px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Blue_pencil.svg/20px-Blue_pencil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#B0C4DE;color:#FFFFFF;">Filosof occidental<br />Filosofia renascentistă</th></tr><tr><th style=";">Școală/tradiție</th><td colspan="1" class="" style=";">Umanism renascentist, <a href="/wiki/Realismul_%C3%AEn_rela%C8%9Biile_interna%C8%9Bionale" title="Realismul în relațiile internaționale">realism politic</a>, republicanism renascentist</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><table><tbody><tr><td width="50%" style="text-align: center; background:#B0C4DE"><b>Influențe</b></td><td width="50%" style="text-align: center; background:#B0C4DE"><b>A influențat</b></td></tr> <tr><td style="text-align: center;"> <a href="/wiki/Xenofon" title="Xenofon">Xenofon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polybius" title="Polybius">Polybius</a>, <a href="/wiki/Plutarh" title="Plutarh">Plutarh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cicero" class="mw-redirect" title="Cicero">Cicero</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tacitus" class="mw-redirect" title="Tacitus">Tacitus</a>, <a href="/wiki/Titus_Livius" title="Titus Livius">Titus Livius</a></td><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Bacon" title="Francis Bacon">Bacon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Hobbes" title="Thomas Hobbes">Hobbes</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Rousseau" title="Jean-Jacques Rousseau">Rousseau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Edward_Gibbon" title="Edward Gibbon">Gibbon</a>, <a href="/wiki/David_Hume" title="David Hume">David Hume</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nietzsche" class="mw-redirect" title="Nietzsche">Nietzsche</a></td></tr> </tbody></table></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#B0C4DE;color:#FFFFFF;">Semnătură</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Machiavelli_Signature.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Machiavelli_Signature.svg/150px-Machiavelli_Signature.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Machiavelli_Signature.svg/225px-Machiavelli_Signature.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Machiavelli_Signature.svg/300px-Machiavelli_Signature.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="186" data-file-height="50" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;background-color:#B0C4DE;color:#FFFFFF;">Prezență online</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="" style="text-align:center;;"><div style="text-align:center"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=345&url_prefix=https://www.imdb.com/&id=nm0532608">Internet Movie Database</a></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navigation-only" colspan="2" style="border-top: 2px ##B0C4DE solid; font-size: 80%; background:inherit; color:var(--color-base, #000); text-align: right;"><span class="plainlinks" style="float:left;">Modifică <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1399" class="extiw" title="d:Q1399">date</a> / <a class="external text" href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=0">text</a></span> <span title="Consultați documentația formatului"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Format:Infocaseta_Filozof" title="Consultați documentația formatului"><img alt="Consultați documentația formatului" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Gtk-dialog-info.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-info.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" 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.infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style> <p><b>Niccolò di Bernardo dei Machiavelli</b> (n. <a href="/wiki/3_mai" title="3 mai">3 mai</a> <a href="/wiki/1469" title="1469">1469</a>, <a href="/wiki/Floren%C8%9Ba" title="Florența">Florența</a> - d. <a href="/wiki/21_iunie" title="21 iunie">21 iunie</a> <a href="/wiki/1527" title="1527">1527</a>, <a href="/wiki/Floren%C8%9Ba" title="Florența">Florența</a>) a fost un <a href="/wiki/Diplomat" title="Diplomat">diplomat</a>, funcționar public, <a href="/wiki/Filozof" title="Filozof">filozof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Politician" title="Politician">politician</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scriitor" title="Scriitor">scriitor</a> <a href="/wiki/Italian" class="mw-redirect" title="Italian">italian</a> și un exponent de prestigiu al <a href="/wiki/Rena%C8%99terea" title="Renașterea">Renașterii</a> italiene. Opera sa capitală <i>Il principe</i> ("<a href="/wiki/Principele" class="mw-redirect" title="Principele">Principele</a>") este considerată primul tratat modern de <a href="/wiki/Politic%C4%83" title="Politică">politică</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie">Biografie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Născut într-un sat mic, <i>San Casciano in Val di Pesa</i>, la aproximativ 15 Km. de <a href="/wiki/Floren%C8%9Ba" title="Florența">Florența</a>, la 3 mai 1469, Niccolò era fiul avocatului Bernardo Machiavelli (aparținea unei ramuri sărăcite a unei influente familii florentine) și al Bartolomeii di Stefano Nelli, ambii din familii culte și de origini nobiliare, dar cu puține resurse din cauza unor datorii ale tatălui. </p><p>Intrat în serviciul guvernului între 1494 și 1512 în calitate de contabil, Niccolò Machiavelli a cunoscut succesul după proclamarea Republicii Florentine, în 1498. A fost secretar al „Consiliului celor Zece” (<i>i Dieci della liberta e della pace</i>), consiliu care conducea negocierile diplomatice și supraveghea operațiunile militare ale republicii.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Printre însărcinările sale s-au numărat vizitele la <a href="/wiki/Suveran" class="mw-redirect" title="Suveran">suveranul</a> <a href="/wiki/Francez" class="mw-redirect" title="Francez">francez</a> (în 1504, 1510-1511), la <a href="/wiki/Sf%C3%A2ntul_Scaun" title="Sfântul Scaun">Sfântul Scaun</a> (1506) și, la <a href="/wiki/%C3%8Emp%C4%83rat" title="Împărat">împăratul</a> <a href="/wiki/German" class="mw-redirect" title="German">german</a> (1507-1508). În timpul misiunilor sale diplomatice a cunoscut mulți dintre principii italieni și a putut să le studieze strategiile politice, în special cele ale lui <a href="/wiki/Cesare_Borgia" title="Cesare Borgia">Cesare Borgia</a>, care era preocupat, la vremea respectivă, de extinderea posesiunilor sale în Italia centrală. </p><p>Din 1502 până în 1506, Machiavelli a reorganizat apărarea militară a Republicii Florentine. Deși, în această perioadă, armatele de mercenari erau folosite în mod curent, a preferat să se bazeze doar pe recrutarea de localnici pentru asigurarea unei apărări permanente și patriotice a bunurilor publice. În 1512, când familia florentină <a href="/wiki/Familia_Medici" title="Familia Medici">Medici</a> a recâștigat puterea asupra Florenței și republica a fost dizolvată, Machiavelli a fost destituit din funcție și arestat pentru scurt timp. A fost închis în Florența, fiind învinuit de o presupusă conspirație împotriva noii puteri. După eliberarea sa, a fost exilat și detașat în San Casciano, unde și-a scris cele mai importante lucrări. În ciuda încercărilor sale de a câștiga încrederea casei de Medici, nu a mai revenit la poziția înaltă pe care o deținuse în cadrul guvernului anterior. Când republica a fost reinstaurată pentru scurt timp, în 1527, a fost suspectat de mulți republicani că ar susține casa Medici. A murit la Florența pe 21 iunie 1527 și este îngropat în bazilica florentină Santa Croce. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fi%C8%99ier:Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg/220px-Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="390" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg/330px-Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg/440px-Machiavel_Offices_Florence.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2001" data-file-height="3543" /></a><figcaption>Niccolò Machiavelli </figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biografie_detaliată"><span id="Biografie_detaliat.C4.83"></span>Biografie detaliată</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Modifică secțiunea: Biografie detaliată" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Biografie detaliată"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Viața sa se divide în trei perioade; fiecare din ele reprezentând istoria Florenței. Tinerețea sa coincide cu măreția Florenței ca putere italiană, sub mandatul lui <a href="/wiki/Lorenzo_de_Medici" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorenzo de Medici">Lorenzo de Medici</a>, Magnificul. Căderea familiei Medici a avut loc în 1494, iar în același an Machiavelli se integra în serviciul public. În timpul carierei sale de ofițer, Florența a fost republică liberă până în 1512, când familia Medici a revenit la putere și Machiavelli și-a pierdut postul. Medici au guvernat Florența între 1512 și 1527, când au fost din nou îndepărtați de la putere. Aceasta a fost perioada de activitate literară a lui Machiavelli și bineînțeles a creșterii influenței sale. A murit la 58 de ani, fără a-și mai recupera poziția în guvern. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tinerețea_lui_Machiavelli"><span id="Tinere.C8.9Bea_lui_Machiavelli"></span>Tinerețea lui Machiavelli</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Modifică secțiunea: Tinerețea lui Machiavelli" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Tinerețea lui Machiavelli"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Chiar dacă există puține dovezi din timpul tinereții lui Machiavelli, Florența acelor timpuri era atât de cunoscută încât este ușor de imaginat climatul în care tânărul cetățean și-a dezvoltat personalitatea. Florența era un oraș în care se înfruntau două curente de opinii, unul reprezentat de austerul <a href="/wiki/Girolamo_Savonarola" title="Girolamo Savonarola">Girolamo Savonarola</a> și celălalt de Lorenzo de Medici, iubitor al splendorii. Deși puterea lui Savonarola asupra averilor Florenței era imensă, nu se pare a fi fost de prea mare importanță pentru Machiavelli, care îl menționează în <a href="/wiki/Principele" class="mw-redirect" title="Principele">Principele</a> ca un profet înfrânt și dezarmat. Pe de altă parte, măreția mandatului lui Lorenzo îl impresionează puternic pe Machiavelli, ajungând inclusiv să dedice <i><a href="/wiki/Principele" class="mw-redirect" title="Principele">Principele</a></i> nepotului acestuia. Machiavelli a fost considerat unul din marii scriitori în colegiul său. A fost un scriitor și un militar foarte cunoscut care a avut influență în <a href="/wiki/Umanism" title="Umanism">umanism</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Viața_personală_-_controverse"><span id="Via.C8.9Ba_personal.C4.83_-_controverse"></span>Viața personală - controverse</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Modifică secțiunea: Viața personală - controverse" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Viața personală - controverse"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se cunosc puține lucruri despre viața personală a lui Niccolò Machiavelli. În 1501, pe când avea 32 de ani, s-a căsătorit cu Marietta Corsini, care i-a dăruit patru fii și două fiice. Unul din nepoții săi, Giovanni Ricci, i-a salvat multe din manuscrisele și scrisorile sale. Sebastian de Grazia, unul din biografii lui Machiavelli, în cartea "Machiavelli in Hell",<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ne oferă câteva amănunte privind căsătoria lui Machiavelli. În Florența secolului al XVI-lea, căsătoriile se făceau în urma unui aranjament pe bază de contract. Practic, un intermediar aranja căsătoria dintre două persoane, pe baza statutului social, averii familiilor celor doi, dotei miresei și, eventual, a poziției sociale a mirelui. Este cert că nici căsătoria dintre Niccolò Machiavelli și Marietta Corsini nu a făcut excepție de la regulă. De Grazia scrie că în anul 1502, părinții lui Machiavelli erau deja decedați și că negocierea contractului de căsătorie s-a făcut în baza înaltei funcții pe care o deținea acesta și a dotei Mariettei. Se cunosc extrem de puține amănunte privind relațiile dintre Machiavelli și soția sa. Din cele peste 300 de scrisori care s-au păstrat, publicate în volumul "Machiavelli și prietenii săi", nici una nu este adresată soției sale<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. În schimb, s-a păstrat o scrisoare din 1503, scrisă de Marietta, singura păstrată, în care aceasta se arată îngrijorată de problemele lui de sănătate, afirmând că îi simte lipsa. De asemenea amintește de fiul ce tocmai se născuse, spunând că: "de când mi-am dat seama cât de mult îți seamănă, cu atât mai mult îmi place", adăugând că ar dori ca acesta să-i scrie mai des, pentru ca în final să-i spună: "nu uita să te întorci acasă". Cu toate că absențele lui Machiavelli de acasă erau destul de lungi, relațiile dintre cei doi erau, se pare, bazate pe afecțiune și respect. Cercetătorii afirmă că în acea epocă, corespondența dintre soți era ceva neobișnuit. Într-o scrisoare din 1527 către fiul său Guido, Machiavelli se exprimă în termeni plini de respect față de soția sa, numind-o Madonna Marietta. Deși despre viața sa conjugală se cunosc extrem de puține amănunte, în schimb, se cunosc foarte multe despre aventurile sale extraconjugale. Machiavelli avea, se pare, o deosebită slăbiciune pentru femei, multe din aventurile sale fiind pomenite cu lux de amănunte în corespondența sa. Prima aventură extraconjugală certă datează din 1510, o anume Jeanne de Lyons fiind menționată într-o scrisoare a unui anume Giovanni Girolami. Este menționată și o prostituată, La Riccia, pe care Machiavelli o vizita des. Această La Riccia, este pomenită în șase scrisori ale lui Machiavelli. În 1510, acesta este acuzat în fața Consiliului, printr-un denunț anonim, de sodomie heterosexuală cu La Riccia, prin aceasta înțelegându-se <i>sexul oral</i> și <i>sexul anal</i>. În acea perioadă, peste tot în Europa, inclusiv în Florența, actele de <a href="/wiki/Sodomie" title="Sodomie">sodomie</a>, de gen (între bărbați) sau de mod (între bărbați și femei), erau pedepsite cu moartea, cu sau fără mutilare prealabilă, pedeapsa curentă fiind arderea pe rug. <a href="/wiki/Inchizi%C8%9Bia" class="mw-redirect" title="Inchiziția">Inchiziția</a> veghea ca doctrina bisericii catolice să fie respectată cu strictețe. Aceste denunțuri anonime erau destul de frecvente în epocă, fiind adesea folosite pentru eliminarea adversarilor politici. Un cercetător contemporan, Michael Rocke, a investigat cu mijloace moderne arhiva Oficialilor Nopții ("Ufficiali di notte"), o instituție represivă menită să instrumenteze cazurile de sodomie în Florența, stabilind că timp de 70 de ani, între 1432 și 1502, în care această instituție a fost activă, au fost investigate cca. 16 000 de cazuri de sodomie, 3.000 de persoane fiind condamnate. La un oraș cu cca. 40.000 de locuitori, în 70 de ani, ar însemna cca. 42 de condamnări anual, adică aproape 1 la mie din populația orașului. <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ca și procesul intentat lui Leonardo da Vinci în 1476, pentru sodomie homosexuală și acest dosar a fost clasat, din lipsă de dovezi și pentru că era nesemnat, fără a afecta în vreun fel cariera lui Machiavelli, care a continuat să o frecventeze asiduu pe această La Riccia. Într-o scrisoare adresată lui Francesco Vettori (1474-1539), politician și diplomat din Florența, Machiavelli vorbește despre o altă „cucerire” a sa, căreia nu-i dă numele și despre care afirmă că ar fi sora unui prieten, pe care a părăsit-o soțul. În fine, ultima din amantele mai cunoscute ale acestuia, și ea pomenită destul de des, este actrița Barbera Raffacani Salutati. Vettori, într-un schimb de scrisori din 1523, în care își împărtășeau reciproc aventurile extraconjugale, avea să-i scrie: „dacă ai fi știut cum ești, n-ar fi trebuit să te fi căsătorit niciodată”. În ciuda acestor fapte evidente, cercetate și analizate în amănunt de istorici, un profesor de la Princeton, Maurizio Viroli, în lucrarea „Zâmbetul lui Machiavelli”<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>, afirmă că: „Machiavelli singur a recunoscut că era <a href="/wiki/Homosexual" class="mw-redirect" title="Homosexual">homosexual</a>, era angajat într-o relație cu un bărbat mai tânăr.” Profesorul Viroli se referă la Francesco Vettori, făcând aceste afirmații pe baza unei „interpretări personale” a două scrisori ale lui Machiavelli adresate acestuia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Opera_literară"><span id="Opera_literar.C4.83"></span>Opera literară</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Modifică secțiunea: Opera literară" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Opera literară"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Principele">Principele</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Modifică secțiunea: Principele" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Principele"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="note" class="dezambiguizare rellink boilerplate seealso">Articol principal: <a href="/wiki/Principele" class="mw-redirect" title="Principele">Principele</a></div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r16785627">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex;gap:0.5ch}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .rellink{display:flex;gap:0.5ch}}</style> <p>De-a lungul carierei sale, Machiavelli a căutat să descrie un stat capabil de a rezista atacurilor externe. Scrierile sale tratează principiile pe care este bazat un asemenea stat și modalitățile prin care aceste principii pot fi implementate și menținute. În opera sa cea mai cunoscută, „Principele” (1513), descrie metodele prin care un principe poate dobândi și menține puterea politică. Acest studiu, care a fost privit, adeseori, ca o sprijinire a tiraniei și despotismului unor conducători, precum Cesare Borgia, este bazat pe credința lui Machiavelli că un suveran nu este constrâns de normele etice tradiționale: <i>„Se pune problema dacă este mai bine să fii iubit decât temut, sau invers. Răspunsul este că ar trebui să fii și una și alta dar, întrucât este greu să împaci aceste două lucruri, spun că atunci când unul din două trebuie să lipsească, este mult mai preferabil pentru tine să fii temut decât iubit.”</i> În viziunea sa, un principe ar trebui să fie preocupat doar de putere și să se supună doar regulilor care duc spre succes în acțiunile politice. Machiavelli considera că aceste reguli pot fi descoperite prin deducție, din practicile politice ale vremii, ca și ale perioadelor anterioare. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alte_opere_importante">Alte opere importante</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Modifică secțiunea: Alte opere importante" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Alte opere importante"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Formularea de către Machiavelli a principiilor istorice inerente într-o guvernare eficientă pot fi găsite în al său <b>„Discurs asupra primelor zece cărți ale lui <a href="/wiki/Titus_Livius" title="Titus Livius">Titus Livius</a>”</b> (1513-1521). În acest studiu Machiavelli respinge conceptele teocratice medievale asupra istoriei, atribuind evenimentelor politice, într-o mai mare măsură, capriciile omenești și neprevăzutului. </p><p>Printre celelalte lucrări ale sale se numără <b>Arta războiului</b> (1521), care descrie avantajele recrutării de luptători proprii asupra trupelor mercenare. </p><p><b>Istoriile florentine</b> (1520-1525) interpretează cronicile orașului, din punct de vedere al cauzalității istorice. Machiavelli a fost, de asemenea, autorul biografiei <b>Viața lui Castruccio Castracani</b> (1520), precum și al câtorva poeme și o serie de piese de teatru, dintre care cea mai cunoscută e <b><a href="/wiki/M%C4%83tr%C4%83guna_(comedie)" title="Mătrăguna (comedie)">Mătrăguna (Mandragola)</a></b> (1524), o critică acidă și obscenă a corupției societății italiene contemporane. Multe dintre scrierile sale au anticipat formarea statelor naționaliste. </p><p>În vremurile noastre locuțiunea „<a href="/wiki/Machiavelism" title="Machiavelism">machiavelism</a>” definește o poziție critică, vicleană, perfidă, de rea-credință, pentru a descrie principiile puterii politice, iar persoanele care folosesc aceste principii în viața politică sau personală sunt denumiți „machiavelici” <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Scrieri">Scrieri</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Modifică secțiunea: Scrieri" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Scrieri"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Cele mai importante scrieri ale sale, în ordine cronologică, sunt: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1512" title="1512">1512</a>/<a href="/wiki/1516" title="1516">1516</a>: <i>Belfagor</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1513" title="1513">1513</a>: <i>Dialogo intorno alla nostra lingua</i> ("Dialog despre limba noastră")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1520" title="1520">1520</a>: <i>Vita di Castruccio Castracani da Luca</i> ("Viața lui Castruccio Castracani da Luca")</li> <li><i>Lettere familiari</i> ("Scrisori de familie")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1520" title="1520">1520</a>/<a href="/wiki/1525" title="1525">1525</a>: <i>Le istorie fiorentine</i> ("Istoriile florentine")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1521" title="1521">1521</a>: <i>Sette libri dell'arte della guerra</i> ("Șapte cărți despre arta războiului")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1524" title="1524">1524</a>: <i>La mandragola</i> ("<a href="/wiki/M%C4%83tr%C4%83guna_(comedie)" title="Mătrăguna (comedie)">Mătrăguna</a>")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1531" title="1531">1531</a>: <i>Discorsi sopra la prima deca di Tito Livio</i> ("Discursuri asupra primei decade a lui Titus Livius")</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1532" title="1532">1532</a>: <i>Il principe</i> ("Principele").</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Note">Note</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Modifică secțiunea: Note" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Note"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0-1">^ <a href="#cite_ref-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-270af8642e491e59dc0a309dbf1dc9f0_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://beweb.chiesacattolica.it"><i><span lang="en">BeWeB</span></i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2021-02-13">13 februarie 2021</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EBeWeB%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbeweb.chiesacattolica.it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87-2">^ <a href="#cite_ref-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-d481011eca53ae78a691c04bc3a23a87_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/"><i>Niccolo Machiavelli</i></a>, <span lang="en">Encyclopædia Britannica Online</span><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-11-13">13 noiembrie 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Niccolo+Machiavelli&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22en%22%3EEncyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Online%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-30fedea3c4718676361a4f14fab9b35e_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/elenco-opere/Dizionario_Biografico"><i>MACHIAVELLI, Niccolò</i></a>, <span lang="it">Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani</span><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2020-11-13">13 noiembrie 2020</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=MACHIAVELLI%2C+Niccol%C3%B2&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22it%22%3EDizionario+Biografico+degli+Italiani%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Felenco-opere%2FDizionario_Biografico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-83e57ccbf4b0e416e2dbe677d3d6361c-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-83e57ccbf4b0e416e2dbe677d3d6361c_4-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/elenco-opere/Dizionario_Biografico"><i>MACHIAVELLI, Niccolò</i></a>, <span lang="it">Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani</span><span class="reference-accessdate">, accesat în <time datetime="2023-01-13">13 ianuarie 2023</time></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=MACHIAVELLI%2C+Niccol%C3%B2&rft.pub=%3Cspan+lang%3D%22it%22%3EDizionario+Biografico+degli+Italiani%3C%2Fspan%3E&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.treccani.it%2Fenciclopedia%2Felenco-opere%2FDizionario_Biografico&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15a9ce51b7f50b2dcbf2a7823d47b1e9-5"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15a9ce51b7f50b2dcbf2a7823d47b1e9_5-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.genealogics.org"><i>Genealogics</i></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genealogics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.genealogics.org&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-a7865502683234d76f8ceee1730f01e8-6"><b><a href="#cite_ref-a7865502683234d76f8ceee1730f01e8_6-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.notablebiographies.com/Lo-Ma/Machiavelli-Niccol.html">https://www.notablebiographies.com/Lo-Ma/Machiavelli-Niccol.html</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.notablebiographies.com%2FLo-Ma%2FMachiavelli-Niccol.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Lipsește sau este vid: <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#citation_missing_title" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260-7"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7b57188bc0d7f319161273f241f2c260_7-0">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><i><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16744133" class="extiw" title="d:Q16744133">CONOR.SI</a><abbr title="Articolul încă nu există în acest wiki">[*]</abbr><span style="display:none"><a href="/w/index.php?title=CONOR.SI_(authority_control_file_for_author_and_corporate_names_in_Slovene_system_COBISS)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CONOR.SI (authority control file for author and corporate names in Slovene system COBISS) — pagină inexistentă"></a></span></i></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%26%238203%3B&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fro.wikipedia.org%3ANiccol%C3%B2+Machiavelli" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment"><span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">Verificați valoarea <code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|titlelink=</code> (<a href="/wiki/Ajutor:Erori_CS1#bad_paramlink" title="Ajutor:Erori CS1">ajutor</a>)</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Edgar_Quinet" title="Edgar Quinet">Edgar Quinet</a>, <i>Opere alese. Revoluțiile din Italia</i>, vol. I, Editura Minerva, București, 1983, p. 231.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">De Grazia, Sebastian. Machiavelli in Hell. New York: Vintage Books, 1989.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Atkinson, James B. and David Sices eds. Machiavelli and His Friends: Their Personal.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Michael Rocke, A critique of Forbidden Friendships: Homosexuality and Male Culture in Renaissance Florence, Oxford University Press, 1996, ISBN-10: 0195122925 | ISBN-13: 978-0195122923.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Maurizio Viroli.Niccolo's Smile: A Biography of Machiavelli. Translated Antony Shugaar. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 2000. xv + 271 pp. $25.00 (cloth), <a href="/wiki/Special:Referin%C8%9Be_%C3%AEn_c%C4%83r%C8%9Bi/9780374221874" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-0-374-22187-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">DEXONLINE</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legături_externe"><span id="Leg.C4.83turi_externe"></span>Legături externe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Modifică secțiunea: Legături externe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>modificare</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Niccol%C3%B2_Machiavelli&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Legături externe"><span>modificare sursă</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> 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<span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-viewsource-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ve-edit-protected-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-editLock mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-editLock"></span> <span></span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-buttons"> <button class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet mw-interlanguage-selector" id="p-lang-btn-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-wikimedia-language"></span> <span>147 limbi</span> </button> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive" id="ca-addsection-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon 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