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id="toc-Campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Campaigns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Against_Israel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Against_Israel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Against Israel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Against_Israel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Against_Tibareni" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Against_Tibareni"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Against Tibareni</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Against_Tibareni-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Later_campaigns" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Later_campaigns"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Later campaigns</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Later_campaigns-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-In_Biblical_studies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_Biblical_studies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>In Biblical studies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_Biblical_studies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction_and_the_Black_Obelisk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_and_the_Black_Obelisk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Construction and the Black Obelisk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_and_the_Black_Obelisk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Sources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Shalmaneser III</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 40 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-40" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">40 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/3_%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8D%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%93%E1%88%B6%E1%88%AD" title="3 ስልማናሶር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="3 ስልማናሶር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB" title="شلمنصر الثالث – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شلمنصر الثالث" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/III_Salmanasar" title="III Salmanasar – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="III Salmanasar" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%86%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B1" title="اوچونجو سالمانسر – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اوچونجو سالمانسر" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanassar_III" title="Salmanassar III – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Salmanassar III" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanassar_III." title="Salmanassar III. – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Salmanassar III." data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salm%C4%81nu-a%C5%A1ar%C4%93d_III." title="Salmānu-ašarēd III. – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Salmānu-ašarēd III." data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A3%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%AD%CF%81_%CE%93%CE%84" title="Σαλμανασέρ Γ΄ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Σαλμανασέρ Γ΄" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasar_III" title="Salmanasar III – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Salmanasar III" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasar_la_3-a" title="Salmanasar la 3-a – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Salmanasar la 3-a" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasar_III.a" title="Salmanasar III.a – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Salmanasar III.a" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%B1_%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85" title="شلمنسر سوم – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شلمنسر سوم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanazar_III" title="Salmanazar III – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Salmanazar III" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%83%AC%EB%A7%88%EB%84%A4%EC%84%B8%EB%A5%B4_3%EC%84%B8" title="샬마네세르 3세 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="샬마네세르 3세" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8D%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%BD%D5%A1%D6%80_III" title="Սալմանասար III – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Սալմանասար III" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmaneser_III" title="Salmaneser III – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Salmaneser III" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanassar_III" title="Salmanassar III – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Salmanassar III" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%A8_%D7%94%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A9%D7%99" title="שלמנאסר השלישי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שלמנאסר השלישי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0_III" title="სალმანასარ III – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="სალმანასარ III" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._Sulm%C3%A1nu-asar%C3%ADdu" title="III. Sulmánu-asarídu – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="III. Sulmánu-asarídu" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA" title="شلمنصر التالت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شلمنصر التالت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasser_III" title="Salmanasser III – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Salmanasser III" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9E%E3%83%8D%E3%82%BB%E3%83%AB3%E4%B8%96" title="シャルマネセル3世 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="シャルマネセル3世" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanassar_III" title="Salmanassar III – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Salmanassar III" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanazar_III" title="Salmanazar III – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Salmanazar III" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasar_III" title="Salmanasar III – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Salmanasar III" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanaser_III" title="Salmanaser III – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Salmanaser III" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasar_al_III-lea" title="Salmanasar al III-lea – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Salmanasar al III-lea" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80_III" title="Салманасар III – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Салманасар III" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanasar_III." title="Salmanasar III. – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Salmanasar III." data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0almaneser_III." title="Šalmaneser III. – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Šalmaneser III." data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80_III" title="Шалманасар III – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шалманасар III" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0almanasar_III" title="Šalmanasar III – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Šalmanasar III" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanassar_III" title="Salmanassar III – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Salmanassar III" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salmanassar_III" title="Salmanassar III – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Salmanassar III" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shalmaneser_III" title="Shalmaneser III – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Shalmaneser III" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/III._%C5%9Ealmanezer" title="III. Şalmanezer – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="III. Şalmanezer" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D1%83%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%83-%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4_III" title="Шульману-ашаред III – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шульману-ашаред III" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shalmaneser_III" title="Shalmaneser III – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Shalmaneser III" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">King of Assyria</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn" style="background-color: #cbe; color:inherit; font-size: 125%">Shalmaneser III</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Assyria" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Assyria">King of Assyria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Glorious_King_of_the_Lands" class="mw-redirect" title="Glorious King of the Lands">Glorious King of the Lands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/King_of_the_Four_Corners_of_the_World" class="mw-redirect" title="King of the Four Corners of the World">King of the Four Corners of the World</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/King_of_All_Peoples" title="King of All Peoples">King of All Peoples</a></li></ul></div></i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image photo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Shalmaneser_III_(relief_detail).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Shalmaneser_III_%28relief_detail%29.jpg/220px-Shalmaneser_III_%28relief_detail%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="424" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Shalmaneser_III_%28relief_detail%29.jpg/330px-Shalmaneser_III_%28relief_detail%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Shalmaneser_III_%28relief_detail%29.jpg/440px-Shalmaneser_III_%28relief_detail%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1488" data-file-height="2865" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-bottom:0.2em;padding-top:0.2em;">Shalmaneser III, on the <i>Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III</i> at the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Museum" title="Iraq Museum">Iraq Museum</a>.</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">King of the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Reign</th><td class="infobox-data">35 regnal years<br />859–824 BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Predecessor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_II" title="Ashurnasirpal II">Ashurnasirpal II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Successor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_V" title="Shamshi-Adad V">Shamshi-Adad V</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #e4dcf6;color:inherit;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><div style="height: 4px; width:100%;"></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">893–891 BC</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 824 BC</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Father</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_II" title="Ashurnasirpal II">Ashurnasirpal II</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mother</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Mullissu-mukannishat-Ninua" title="Mullissu-mukannishat-Ninua">Mullissu-mukannishat-Ninua</a> (?)</span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Shalmaneser III</b> (<i>Šulmānu-ašarēdu</i>, "the god <a href="/wiki/Shulmanu" title="Shulmanu">Shulmanu</a> is pre-eminent") was king of the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a> from the death of his father <a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_II" title="Ashurnasirpal II">Ashurnasirpal II</a> in 859 BC to his own death in 824 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His long reign was a constant series of campaigns against the eastern tribes, the <a href="/wiki/Babylon" title="Babylon">Babylonians</a>, the nations of <a href="/wiki/Mesopotamia" title="Mesopotamia">Mesopotamia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Kizzuwadna" class="mw-redirect" title="Kizzuwadna">Kizzuwadna</a> and <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a>. His armies penetrated to <a href="/wiki/Lake_Van" title="Lake Van">Lake Van</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Taurus_Mountains" title="Taurus Mountains">Taurus Mountains</a>; the <a href="/wiki/Neo-Hittites" class="mw-redirect" title="Neo-Hittites">Neo-Hittites</a> of <a href="/wiki/Carchemish" title="Carchemish">Carchemish</a> were compelled to pay tribute, and the kingdoms of <a href="/wiki/Hamath" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamath">Hamath</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aram_Damascus" class="mw-redirect" title="Aram Damascus">Aram Damascus</a> were subdued. It is in the annals of Shalmaneser III from the 850s BC that the <a href="/wiki/Arab_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab people">Arabs</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chaldea" title="Chaldea">Chaldeans</a> first appear in <a href="/wiki/Recorded_history" title="Recorded history">recorded history</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Reign">Reign</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Reign"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Karkar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ef/Karkar.jpg" decoding="async" width="173" height="383" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="173" data-file-height="383" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kurkh_Monolith" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurkh Monolith">Kurkh stela</a> of Shalmaneser that commemorates the battle of Carcar.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi,_detail,_front_panel,_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi%2C_detail%2C_front_panel%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg/220px-Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi%2C_detail%2C_front_panel%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi%2C_detail%2C_front_panel%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg/330px-Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi%2C_detail%2C_front_panel%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi%2C_detail%2C_front_panel%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg/440px-Shalmaneser_III_greets_Marduk-zakir-shumi%2C_detail%2C_front_panel%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Marduk-zakir-shumi_I" title="Marduk-zakir-shumi I">Marduk-zakir-shumi I</a> (left) greeted by Shalmaneser III (right). Detail, front panel, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III, <a href="/wiki/Iraq_Museum" title="Iraq Museum">Iraq Museum</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaigns">Campaigns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shalmaneser began a campaign against <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a> and reported that in 858 BCE, he destroyed the city of <a href="/wiki/Sugunia" title="Sugunia">Sugunia</a>, and then in 853 BCE Araškun. Both cities are assumed to have been capitals of Urartu before <a href="/wiki/Tushpa" title="Tushpa">Tushpa</a> became a center for the Urartians.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 853 BC, a coalition was formed by eleven states, mainly by <a href="/wiki/Hadadezer" title="Hadadezer">Hadadezer</a>, King of <a href="/wiki/Aram-Damascus" title="Aram-Damascus">Aram-Damascus</a>; <a href="/wiki/Irhuleni" title="Irhuleni">Irhuleni</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Hamath" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamath">Hamath</a>; <a href="/wiki/Ahab" title="Ahab">Ahab</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Northern Israel</a>; <a href="/wiki/Gindibu" title="Gindibu">Gindibu</a>, king of the <a href="/wiki/Arabs" title="Arabs">Arabs</a>; and some other rulers who fought the Assyrian king at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qarqar" title="Battle of Qarqar">Battle of Qarqar</a>. The result of the battle was not decisive, and Shalmaneser III had to fight his enemies several times again in the coming years, which eventually resulted in the occupation of <a href="/wiki/The_Levant" class="mw-redirect" title="The Levant">the Levant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Syrian_Desert" title="Syrian Desert">Syrian Desert</a> by the Assyrian Empire. </p><p>In 851 BC, following a rebellion in Babylon, Shalmaneser led a campaign against Marduk-bēl-ušate, younger brother of the king, <a href="/wiki/Marduk-zakir-shumi_I" title="Marduk-zakir-shumi I">Marduk-zakir-shumi I</a>, who was an ally of Shalmaneser.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the second year of the campaign, Marduk-bēl-ušate was forced to retreat and was killed. A record of these events was made on the <a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Obelisk">Black Obelisk</a>: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1244412712">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{overflow:hidden;margin:1em 0;padding:0 32px}.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{line-height:1.5em;text-align:left;margin-top:0}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .templatequotecite{padding-left:1.6em}}</style><blockquote class="templatequote"><p>In the eighth year of my reign, Marduk-bêl-usâte, the younger brother, revolted against Marduk-zâkir-šumi, king of <a href="/wiki/Kardunia%C5%A1" title="Karduniaš">Karduniaš</a>, and they divided the land in its entirety. In order to avenge Marduk-zâkir-šumi, I marched out and captured Mê-Turnat. In the ninth year of my reign, I marched against Akkad a second time. I besieged Ganannate. As for Marduk-bêl-usâte, the terrifying splendor of Assur and Marduk overcame him and he went up into the mountains to save his life. I pursued him. I cut down with the sword Marduk-bêl-usâte and the rebel army officers who were with him.</p><div class="templatequotecite">— <cite>Shalmaneser III, Black Obelisk<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>i 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></div></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Against_Israel">Against Israel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Against Israel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg/300px-Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg/450px-Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg/600px-Jehu-Obelisk-cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1557" data-file-height="999" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a> bows before Shalmaneser III.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is "the only portrayal we have in ancient Near Eastern art of an Israelite or Judaean monarch".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p>In 841 BC, Shalmaneser campaigned against Hadadezer's successor <a href="/wiki/Hazael" title="Hazael">Hazael</a>, forcing him to take refuge within the walls of his capital.<sup id="cite_ref-Bryce2014_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Bryce2014-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While Shalmaneser was unable to capture Damascus, he devastated its territory, and <a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a> of Israel (whose ambassadors are represented on the <a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Obelisk">Black Obelisk</a> now in the <a href="/wiki/British_Museum" title="British Museum">British Museum</a>), together with the <a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenician</a> cities, prudently sent tribute to him in perhaps 841 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-Lamb2007_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lamb2007-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Babylonia" title="Babylonia">Babylonia</a> had already been conquered, including the areas occupied by migrant <a href="/wiki/Chaldaea" class="mw-redirect" title="Chaldaea">Chaldaean</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sutean" class="mw-redirect" title="Sutean">Sutean</a> and <a href="/wiki/Aramean" class="mw-redirect" title="Aramean">Aramean</a> tribes, and the Babylonian king had been put to death.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Against_Tibareni">Against Tibareni</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Against Tibareni"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 836 BC, Shalmaneser sent an expedition against the Tibareni (<a href="/wiki/Tabal_(state)" title="Tabal (state)">Tabal</a>) which was followed by one against <a href="/wiki/Cappadocia" title="Cappadocia">Cappadocia</a>, and in 832 BC came another campaign against <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the following year, age required the king to hand over the command of his armies to the <a href="/wiki/Turtanu" title="Turtanu">Tartan</a> (<i>turtānu</i> commander-in-chief) <a href="/wiki/Dayyan-Assur" title="Dayyan-Assur">Dayyan-Assur</a>, and six years later, <a href="/wiki/Nineveh" title="Nineveh">Nineveh</a> and other cities revolted against him under his rebel son <a href="/wiki/Assur-danin-pal" class="mw-redirect" title="Assur-danin-pal">Assur-danin-pal</a>. <a href="/wiki/Civil_war" title="Civil war">Civil war</a> continued for two years; but the rebellion was at last crushed by <a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_V" title="Shamshi-Adad V">Shamshi-Adad V</a>, another son of Shalmaneser. Shalmaneser died soon afterwards. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Later_campaigns">Later campaigns</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Later campaigns"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dc/Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg/300px-Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dc/Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg/450px-Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dc/Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg/600px-Expansion_of_Neo_Assyrian_Empire_under_Shalmanesar_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>The Campaigns of Shalmaneser III</figcaption></figure> <p>Despite the rebellion later in his reign, Shalmanesar had proven capable of expanding the frontiers of the Neo-Assyrian Empire, stabilising its hold over the Khabur and mountainous frontier region of the Zagros, contested with <a href="/wiki/Urartu" title="Urartu">Urartu</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_Biblical_studies">In Biblical studies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: In Biblical studies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>His reign is significant to <a href="/wiki/Biblical_studies" title="Biblical studies">Biblical studies</a> because two of his monuments name rulers from the <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_Bible" title="Hebrew Bible">Hebrew Bible</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-AC_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Obelisk">Black Obelisk</a> names <a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a> son of <a href="/wiki/Omri" title="Omri">Omri</a> (although Jehu was misidentified as a son of Omri).<sup id="cite_ref-AC_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Kurkh_Monolith" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurkh Monolith">Kurkh Monolith</a> names king <a href="/wiki/Ahab" title="Ahab">Ahab</a>, in reference to the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Qarqar" title="Battle of Qarqar">Battle of Qarqar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Construction_and_the_Black_Obelisk">Construction and the Black Obelisk</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Construction and the Black Obelisk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III,_9th_century_BC,_from_Nimrud,_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_9th_century_BC%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg/220px-The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_9th_century_BC%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_9th_century_BC%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg/330px-The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_9th_century_BC%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_9th_century_BC%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg/440px-The_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_9th_century_BC%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq._The_British_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1361" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III" title="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III</a>, 9th century BC, from Nimrud, Iraq. The British Museum.</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III" title="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III</a></div> <p>He had built a palace at <a href="/wiki/Kalhu" class="mw-redirect" title="Kalhu">Kalhu</a> (Biblical <a href="/wiki/Calah" class="mw-redirect" title="Calah">Calah</a>, modern <a href="/wiki/Nimrud" title="Nimrud">Nimrud</a>), and left several editions of the royal <a href="/wiki/Annals" title="Annals">annals</a> recording his military campaigns, the last of which is engraved on the <a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk" class="mw-redirect" title="Black Obelisk">Black Obelisk</a> from Calah. </p><p>The Black Obelisk is a significant artifact from his reign. It is a black <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bas-relief" class="mw-redirect" title="Bas-relief">bas-relief</a> <a href="/wiki/Sculpture" title="Sculpture">sculpture</a> from <a href="/wiki/Nimrud" title="Nimrud">Nimrud</a> (ancient Kalhu), in northern <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>. It is the most complete Assyrian <a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">obelisk</a> yet discovered, and is historically significant because it displays the earliest ancient depiction of an <a href="/wiki/Israelite" class="mw-redirect" title="Israelite">Israelite</a>. On the top and the bottom of the reliefs there is a long cuneiform inscription recording the annals of Shalmaneser III. It lists the military campaigns which the king and his commander-in-chief headed every year, until the thirty-first year of reign. Some features might suggest that the work had been commissioned by the commander-in-chief, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dayyan-Ashur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dayyan-Ashur (page does not exist)">Dayyan-Ashur</a>. </p><p>The second <a href="/wiki/Register_(sculpture)" class="mw-redirect" title="Register (sculpture)">register</a> from the top includes the earliest surviving picture of an Israelite: the Biblical <a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a>, king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a> severed <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Israel_(Samaria)" title="Kingdom of Israel (Samaria)">Israel's</a> alliances with <a href="/wiki/Phoenicia" title="Phoenicia">Phoenicia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Judah" title="Kingdom of Judah">Judah</a>, and became subject to <a href="/wiki/Assyria" title="Assyria">Assyria</a>. It describes how Jehu brought or sent his tribute in or around 841 BC.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-AC_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The caption above the scene, written in Assyrian cuneiform, can be translated: </p> <blockquote><p>"The tribute of <a href="/wiki/Jehu" title="Jehu">Jehu</a>, son of <a href="/wiki/Omri" title="Omri">Omri</a>: I received from him silver, gold, a golden bowl, a golden vase with pointed bottom, golden tumblers, golden buckets, tin, a staff for a king [and] spears."<sup id="cite_ref-AC_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>It was erected as a public monument in 825 BC at a time of civil war. It was discovered by archaeologist Sir <a href="/wiki/Austen_Henry_Layard" title="Austen Henry Layard">Austen Henry Layard</a> in 1846. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Shalmaneser III at Istanbul Archaeological Museums"><img alt="Statue of Shalmaneser III at Istanbul Archaeological Museums" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG/61px-King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="61" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG/92px-King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG/122px-King_Shalmaneser_III_Istanbul_Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1551" data-file-height="3040" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of Shalmaneser III at Istanbul Archaeological Museums</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud,_Iraq_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq Museum"><img alt="Statue of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/120px-Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/180px-Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/240px-Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser,_Iraq_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum"><img alt="Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/120px-Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/180px-Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/240px-Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shalmaneser_III,_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser,_Iraq_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shalmaneser III, detail of glazed wall panel from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum"><img alt="Shalmaneser III, detail of glazed wall panel from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/120px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/180px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/240px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail_of_glazed_wall_panel_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shalmaneser III, detail of glazed wall panel from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser,_Iraq_Museum.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne dais of Shalmaneser III from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum"><img alt="Throne dais of Shalmaneser III from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/120px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/180px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg/240px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Fort_Shalmaneser%2C_Iraq_Museum.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne dais of Shalmaneser III from Fort Shalmaneser, Iraq Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur,_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum,_Istanbul.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Unfinished basalt statue of Shalmaneser III, from Assur, Iraq. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul"><img alt="Unfinished basalt statue of Shalmaneser III, from Assur, Iraq. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur%2C_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum%2C_Istanbul.jpg/80px-Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur%2C_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum%2C_Istanbul.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur%2C_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum%2C_Istanbul.jpg/120px-Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur%2C_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum%2C_Istanbul.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur%2C_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum%2C_Istanbul.jpg/160px-Unfinished_basalt_statue_of_Shalmaneser_III._From_Assur%2C_Iraq._858-824_BCE._Ancient_Orient_Museum%2C_Istanbul.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="6016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Unfinished basalt statue of Shalmaneser III, from Assur, Iraq. Ancient Orient Museum, Istanbul</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III,_from_Nimrud,_Mesopotamia...JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The upper end of the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, from Nimrud, the British Museum"><img alt="The upper end of the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, from Nimrud, the British Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Mesopotamia...JPG/120px-The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Mesopotamia...JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Mesopotamia...JPG/180px-The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Mesopotamia...JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Mesopotamia...JPG/240px-The_upper_end_of_the_Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_from_Nimrud%2C_Mesopotamia...JPG 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The upper end of the Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, from Nimrud, the British Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Black-obelisk.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, the British Museum"><img alt="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, the British Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Black-obelisk.jpg/90px-Black-obelisk.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Black-obelisk.jpg/135px-Black-obelisk.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Black-obelisk.jpg/180px-Black-obelisk.jpg 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III, the British Museum</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III,_Royal_reception.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne dais of Shalmaneser III, Royal reception"><img alt="Throne dais of Shalmaneser III, Royal reception" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_Royal_reception.jpg/120px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_Royal_reception.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_Royal_reception.jpg/180px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_Royal_reception.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_Royal_reception.jpg/240px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_Royal_reception.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1202" data-file-height="554" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne dais of Shalmaneser III, Royal reception</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III,_procession.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Throne dais of Shalmaneser III, procession"><img alt="Throne dais of Shalmaneser III, procession" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_procession.jpg/120px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_procession.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_procession.jpg/180px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_procession.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_procession.jpg/240px-Throne_dais_of_Shalmaneser_III%2C_procession.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1065" data-file-height="570" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Throne dais of Shalmaneser III, procession</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Statue of the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad"><img alt="Statue of the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg/82px-Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg/123px-Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg/164px-Statue_of_the_Assyrian_king_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3559" data-file-height="5211" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Statue of the Assyrian king Shalmaneser III at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shalmaneser_III,_detail,_North_Face,_East_End,_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud,_Iraq.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shalmaneser III, detail, North Face, East End, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq"><img alt="Shalmaneser III, detail, North Face, East End, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_North_Face%2C_East_End%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg/120px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_North_Face%2C_East_End%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_North_Face%2C_East_End%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg/180px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_North_Face%2C_East_End%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fd/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_North_Face%2C_East_End%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg/240px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_North_Face%2C_East_End%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shalmaneser III, detail, North Face, East End, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shalmaneser_III,_detail,_south_face,_west_end,_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud,_Iraq.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shalmaneser III, detail, south face, west end, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq"><img alt="Shalmaneser III, detail, south face, west end, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_south_face%2C_west_end%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg/120px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_south_face%2C_west_end%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_south_face%2C_west_end%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg/180px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_south_face%2C_west_end%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_south_face%2C_west_end%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg/240px-Shalmaneser_III%2C_detail%2C_south_face%2C_west_end%2C_Throne_Dais_of_Shalmaneser_III_from_Nimrud%2C_Iraq.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4016" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shalmaneser III, detail, south face, west end, Throne Dais of Shalmaneser III from Nimrud, Iraq</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad"><img alt="Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg/84px-Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg/126px-Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg/168px-Kurba%27il_Statue_of_Shalmaneser_III_at_the_Iraq_Museum_in_Baghdad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4016" data-file-height="5747" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Kurba'il Statue of Shalmaneser III at the Iraq Museum in Baghdad</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Shulmano Osser the third , the great king The strong king , king of the world , king of the country Assyria Son of the Ashour Nassir Abli ( the second ) , king of the country Assyria Son of Toklty Ninorta ( the second ) king of the world king of the country Assyria Building a Ziqqurat King of kilkho city ... cuneiform writings on the bricks of King Shalmaneser III in Erbil Civilization Museum"><img alt="Shulmano Osser the third , the great king The strong king , king of the world , king of the country Assyria Son of the Ashour Nassir Abli ( the second ) , king of the country Assyria Son of Toklty Ninorta ( the second ) king of the world king of the country Assyria Building a Ziqqurat King of kilkho city ... cuneiform writings on the bricks of King Shalmaneser III in Erbil Civilization Museum" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg/120px-%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg/180px-%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg/240px-%D8%A2%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%84%D9%83_%D8%B4%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Shulmano Osser the third , the great king The strong king , king of the world , king of the country Assyria Son of the Ashour Nassir Abli ( the second ) , king of the country Assyria Son of Toklty Ninorta ( the second ) king of the world king of the country Assyria Building a Ziqqurat King of kilkho city ... cuneiform writings on the bricks of King Shalmaneser III in <b><a href="/wiki/Erbil_Civilization_Museum" title="Erbil Civilization Museum">Erbil Civilization Museum</a></b></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_artifacts_significant_to_the_Bible" class="mw-redirect" title="List of artifacts significant to the Bible">List of artifacts significant to the Bible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III" title="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_chronology_timeline" class="mw-redirect" title="Short chronology timeline">Short chronology timeline</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III" title="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III">Black Obelisk</a></i>, BM WAA 118885, crafted <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 827 BC</span>, lines 73–84</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mcadams.posc.mu.edu/txt/ah/Assyria/Inscra01.html">"Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser II"</a>. Mcadams.posc.mu.edu<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 October</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Black+Obelisk+of+Shalmaneser+II&rft.pub=Mcadams.posc.mu.edu&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmcadams.posc.mu.edu%2Ftxt%2Fah%2FAssyria%2FInscra01.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFÇiftçi2017" class="citation book cs1">Çiftçi, Ali (2017). <i>The Socio-Economic Organisation of the Urartian Kingdom</i>. Brill. p. 190. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789004347588" title="Special:BookSources/9789004347588"><bdi>9789004347588</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Socio-Economic+Organisation+of+the+Urartian+Kingdom&rft.pages=190&rft.pub=Brill&rft.date=2017&rft.isbn=9789004347588&rft.aulast=%C3%87ift%C3%A7i&rft.aufirst=Ali&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Jean Jacques Glassner, Mesopotamian Chronicles, Atlanta 2004,</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuan2016" class="citation book cs1">Kuan, Jeffrey Kah-Jin (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zMOqCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA65"><i>Neo-Assyrian Historical Inscriptions and Syria-Palestine: Israelite/Judean-Tyrian-Damascene Political and Commercial Relations in the Ninth-Eighth Centuries BCE</i></a>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 64–66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4982-8143-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4982-8143-0"><bdi>978-1-4982-8143-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neo-Assyrian+Historical+Inscriptions+and+Syria-Palestine%3A+Israelite%2FJudean-Tyrian-Damascene+Political+and+Commercial+Relations+in+the+Ninth-Eighth+Centuries+BCE&rft.pages=64-66&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4982-8143-0&rft.aulast=Kuan&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+Kah-Jin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzMOqCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohenKangas2010" class="citation book cs1">Cohen, Ada; Kangas, Steven E. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC&pg=PA127"><i>Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography</i></a>. UPNE. p. 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-817-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-817-7"><bdi>978-1-58465-817-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assyrian+Reliefs+from+the+Palace+of+Ashurnasirpal+II%3A+A+Cultural+Biography&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=UPNE&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-58465-817-7&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Ada&rft.au=Kangas%2C+Steven+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuRKU0YXBWtgC%26pg%3DPA127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Bryce2014-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Bryce2014_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTrevor_Bryce2014" class="citation book cs1">Trevor Bryce (6 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=41-MAgAAQBAJ&pg=PR14"><i>Ancient Syria: A Three Thousand Year History</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p. 14. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100293-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-100293-9"><bdi>978-0-19-100293-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ancient+Syria%3A+A+Three+Thousand+Year+History&rft.pages=14&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2014-03-06&rft.isbn=978-0-19-100293-9&rft.au=Trevor+Bryce&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D41-MAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPR14&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lamb2007-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Lamb2007_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">On the year that Jehu sent tribute, see <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavid_T._Lamb2007" class="citation book cs1">David T. Lamb (22 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=s0YTDAAAQBAJ&pg=PA34"><i>Righteous Jehu and His Evil Heirs: The Deuteronomist's Negative Perspective on Dynastic Succession</i></a>. OUP Oxford. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923147-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-923147-8"><bdi>978-0-19-923147-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Righteous+Jehu+and+His+Evil+Heirs%3A+The+Deuteronomist%27s+Negative+Perspective+on+Dynastic+Succession&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=OUP+Oxford&rft.date=2007-11-22&rft.isbn=978-0-19-923147-8&rft.au=David+T.+Lamb&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Ds0YTDAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Georges Roux - Ancient Iraq</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"In 836 Shalmaneser made an expedition against the Tibareni (Tabal) which was followed by one against Cappadocia" in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholmGarvin1926" class="citation book cs1">Chisholm, Hugh; Garvin, James Louis (1926). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=JBFGAQAAIAAJ"><i>The Encyclopædia Britannica: A Dictionary of Arts, Sciences, Literature & General Information</i></a>. Encyclopædia Britannica Company, Limited. p. 798.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%3A+A+Dictionary+of+Arts%2C+Sciences%2C+Literature+%26+General+Information&rft.pages=798&rft.pub=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica+Company%2C+Limited&rft.date=1926&rft.aulast=Chisholm&rft.aufirst=Hugh&rft.au=Garvin%2C+James+Louis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DJBFGAQAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AC-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AC_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC_11-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AC_11-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohenKangas2010" class="citation book cs1">Cohen, Ada; Kangas, Steven E. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC&pg=PA127"><i>Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography</i></a>. UPNE. pp. 127–128. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-817-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-817-7"><bdi>978-1-58465-817-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assyrian+Reliefs+from+the+Palace+of+Ashurnasirpal+II%3A+A+Cultural+Biography&rft.pages=127-128&rft.pub=UPNE&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-58465-817-7&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Ada&rft.au=Kangas%2C+Steven+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuRKU0YXBWtgC%26pg%3DPA127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">This is "the only portrayal we have in ancient Near Eastern art of an Israelite or Judaean monarch"in <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCohenKangas2010" class="citation book cs1">Cohen, Ada; Kangas, Steven E. (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=uRKU0YXBWtgC&pg=PA127"><i>Assyrian Reliefs from the Palace of Ashurnasirpal II: A Cultural Biography</i></a>. UPNE. p. 127. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-817-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58465-817-7"><bdi>978-1-58465-817-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assyrian+Reliefs+from+the+Palace+of+Ashurnasirpal+II%3A+A+Cultural+Biography&rft.pages=127&rft.pub=UPNE&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-1-58465-817-7&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.aufirst=Ada&rft.au=Kangas%2C+Steven+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DuRKU0YXBWtgC%26pg%3DPA127&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKuan2016" class="citation book cs1">Kuan, Jeffrey Kah-Jin (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=zMOqCwAAQBAJ&pg=PA65"><i>Neo-Assyrian Historical Inscriptions and Syria-Palestine: Israelite/Judean-Tyrian-Damascene Political and Commercial Relations in the Ninth-Eighth Centuries BCE</i></a>. Wipf and Stock Publishers. pp. 64–66. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4982-8143-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4982-8143-0"><bdi>978-1-4982-8143-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Neo-Assyrian+Historical+Inscriptions+and+Syria-Palestine%3A+Israelite%2FJudean-Tyrian-Damascene+Political+and+Commercial+Relations+in+the+Ninth-Eighth+Centuries+BCE&rft.pages=64-66&rft.pub=Wipf+and+Stock+Publishers&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=978-1-4982-8143-0&rft.aulast=Kuan&rft.aufirst=Jeffrey+Kah-Jin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DzMOqCwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA65&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Sources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noprint"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> </span>This article incorporates text from a publication now in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>: <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Shalmaneser" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Shalmaneser">Shalmaneser</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Shalmaneser&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKirk_Grayson1996" class="citation book cs1">Kirk Grayson, A. (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/AssyrianRulersOfTheEarlyFirstMillenniumBc858-754Bc"><i>Assyrian Rulers of the Early First Millennium BC (858-754 BC)</i></a>. University of Toronto press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Assyrian+Rulers+of+the+Early+First+Millennium+BC+%28858-754+BC%29&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+press&rft.date=1996&rft.aulast=Kirk+Grayson&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2FAssyrianRulersOfTheEarlyFirstMillenniumBc858-754Bc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShalmaneser+III" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Shalmaneser_III" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Shalmaneser III">Shalmaneser III</a> at Wikimedia Commons </p> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070212033855/http://library.case.edu/ksl/ecoll/books/kinbro00/kinbro00.html">Gates of Shalmanser III and Assurnasirpal. Bronze Reliefs from the Gates of Shalmaneser King of Assyria </a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/10887">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III <i>Babylonian and Assyrian Literature</i>.</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.kchanson.com/ANCDOCS/meso/obelisk.html">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_II" title="Ashurnasirpal II">Ashurnasirpal II</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/King_of_Assyria" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Assyria">King of Assyria</a> </b><br />859–824 BC </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_V" title="Shamshi-Adad V">Shamshi-Adad V</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output 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style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Kings of Assyria</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Assyrian_kings" title="List of Assyrian kings">List of Assyrian kings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akkadian_royal_titulary" title="Akkadian royal titulary">Royal titles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Assyrian_kings#Early_Assyrian_rulers" title="List of Assyrian kings">Legendary kings and early governors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Assyrian_kings#Later_Assyrian_kingship" title="List of Assyrian kings">Later kingship</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Old_Assyrian_period" title="Old Assyrian period">Old Assyrian period</a><br /><small>(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 2025–1364 BC)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Puzur-Ashur_I" title="Puzur-Ashur I">Puzur-Ashur I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalim-ahum" title="Shalim-ahum">Shalim-ahum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ilu-shuma" title="Ilu-shuma">Ilu-shuma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erishum_I" title="Erishum I">Erishum I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ikunum" title="Ikunum">Ikunum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargon_I" title="Sargon I">Sargon I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puzur-Ashur_II" title="Puzur-Ashur II">Puzur-Ashur II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naram-Sin_of_Assyria" title="Naram-Sin of Assyria">Naram-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erishum_II" title="Erishum II">Erishum II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_I" title="Shamshi-Adad I">Shamshi-Adad I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishme-Dagan_I" title="Ishme-Dagan I">Ishme-Dagan I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mut-Ashkur" title="Mut-Ashkur">Mut-Ashkur</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimush_of_Assyria" title="Rimush of Assyria">Rimush</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asinum" title="Asinum">Asinum</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puzur-Sin" title="Puzur-Sin">Puzur-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-dugul" title="Ashur-dugul">Ashur-dugul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-apla-idi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashur-apla-idi">Ashur-apla-idi</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nasir-Sin" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasir-Sin">Nasir-Sin</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin-namir" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin-namir">Sin-namir</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ipqi-Ishtar" class="mw-redirect" title="Ipqi-Ishtar">Ipqi-Ishtar</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-salulu" class="mw-redirect" title="Adad-salulu">Adad-salulu</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adasi_(Assyria)" title="Adasi (Assyria)">Adasi</a> (?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bel-bani" title="Bel-bani">Bel-bani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libaya" title="Libaya">Libaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharma-Adad_I" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharma-Adad I">Sharma-Adad I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iptar-Sin" title="Iptar-Sin">Iptar-Sin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bazaya" title="Bazaya">Bazaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lullaya" title="Lullaya">Lullaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shu-Ninua" title="Shu-Ninua">Shu-Ninua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharma-Adad_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Sharma-Adad II">Sharma-Adad II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erishum_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Erishum III">Erishum III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_II" title="Shamshi-Adad II">Shamshi-Adad II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ishme-Dagan_II" title="Ishme-Dagan II">Ishme-Dagan II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_III" title="Shamshi-Adad III">Shamshi-Adad III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nirari_I" title="Ashur-nirari I">Ashur-nirari I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puzur-Ashur_III" title="Puzur-Ashur III">Puzur-Ashur III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil-nasir_I" title="Enlil-nasir I">Enlil-nasir I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nur-ili" title="Nur-ili">Nur-ili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-shaduni" title="Ashur-shaduni">Ashur-shaduni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-rabi_I" title="Ashur-rabi I">Ashur-rabi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nadin-ahhe_I" title="Ashur-nadin-ahhe I">Ashur-nadin-ahhe I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil-Nasir_II" title="Enlil-Nasir II">Enlil-Nasir II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nirari_II" title="Ashur-nirari II">Ashur-nirari II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-bel-nisheshu" title="Ashur-bel-nisheshu">Ashur-bel-nisheshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-rim-nisheshu" title="Ashur-rim-nisheshu">Ashur-rim-nisheshu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nadin-ahhe_II" title="Ashur-nadin-ahhe II">Ashur-nadin-ahhe II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eriba-Adad_I" title="Eriba-Adad I">Eriba-Adad I</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Middle_Assyrian_Empire" title="Middle Assyrian Empire">Middle Assyrian Empire</a><br /><small>(<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 1363–912 BC)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-uballit_I" title="Ashur-uballit I">Ashur-uballit I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil-nirari" title="Enlil-nirari">Enlil-nirari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arik-den-ili" title="Arik-den-ili">Arik-den-ili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-nirari_I" title="Adad-nirari I">Adad-nirari I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_I" title="Shalmaneser I">Shalmaneser I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukulti-Ninurta_I" title="Tukulti-Ninurta I">Tukulti-Ninurta I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nadin-apli" title="Ashur-nadin-apli">Ashur-nadin-apli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nirari_III" title="Ashur-nirari III">Ashur-nirari III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enlil-kudurri-usur" title="Enlil-kudurri-usur">Enlil-kudurri-usur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninurta-apal-Ekur" title="Ninurta-apal-Ekur">Ninurta-apal-Ekur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-dan_I" title="Ashur-dan I">Ashur-dan I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur" title="Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur">Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutakkil-Nusku" title="Mutakkil-Nusku">Mutakkil-Nusku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-resh-ishi_I" title="Ashur-resh-ishi I">Ashur-resh-ishi I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiglath-Pileser_I" title="Tiglath-Pileser I">Tiglath-Pileser I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asharid-apal-Ekur" title="Asharid-apal-Ekur">Asharid-apal-Ekur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-bel-kala" title="Ashur-bel-kala">Ashur-bel-kala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eriba-Adad_II" title="Eriba-Adad II">Eriba-Adad II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_IV" title="Shamshi-Adad IV">Shamshi-Adad IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_I" title="Ashurnasirpal I">Ashurnasirpal I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_II" title="Shalmaneser II">Shalmaneser II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nirari_IV" title="Ashur-nirari IV">Ashur-nirari IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-rabi_II" title="Ashur-rabi II">Ashur-rabi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-resh-ishi_II" title="Ashur-resh-ishi II">Ashur-resh-ishi II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiglath-Pileser_II" title="Tiglath-Pileser II">Tiglath-Pileser II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-dan_II" title="Ashur-dan II">Ashur-dan II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a><br /><small>(911–609 BC)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adad-nirari_II" title="Adad-nirari II">Adad-nirari II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukulti-Ninurta_II" title="Tukulti-Ninurta II">Tukulti-Ninurta II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_II" title="Ashurnasirpal II">Ashurnasirpal II</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shalmaneser III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_V" title="Shamshi-Adad V">Shamshi-Adad V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-nirari_III" title="Adad-nirari III">Adad-nirari III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_IV" title="Shalmaneser IV">Shalmaneser IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-dan_III" title="Ashur-dan III">Ashur-dan III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nirari_V" title="Ashur-nirari V">Ashur-nirari V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiglath-Pileser_III" title="Tiglath-Pileser III">Tiglath-Pileser III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_V" title="Shalmaneser V">Shalmaneser V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargon_II" title="Sargon II">Sargon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esarhaddon" title="Esarhaddon">Esarhaddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashurbanipal" title="Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-etil-ilani" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashur-etil-ilani">Ashur-etil-ilani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sin-shumu-lishir" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin-shumu-lishir">Sin-shumu-lishir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinsharishkun" title="Sinsharishkun">Sinsharishkun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-uballit_II" title="Ashur-uballit II">Ashur-uballit II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neo-Assyrian_Empire_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neo-Assyrian_Empire_topics" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Neo-Assyrian Empire topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neo-Assyrian_Empire_topics" title="Template talk:Neo-Assyrian Empire topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neo-Assyrian_Empire_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neo-Assyrian Empire topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neo-Assyrian_Empire_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Military_history_of_the_Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Military history of the Neo-Assyrian Empire">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Resettlement_policy_of_the_Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Resettlement policy of the Neo-Assyrian Empire">Resettlement policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens_of_the_Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Queens of the Neo-Assyrian Empire">Queens</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Rulers" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rulers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adad-nirari_II" title="Adad-nirari II">Adad-nirari II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tukulti-Ninurta_II" title="Tukulti-Ninurta II">Tukulti-Ninurta II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashurnasirpal_II" title="Ashurnasirpal II">Ashurnasirpal II</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Shalmaneser III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shamshi-Adad_V" title="Shamshi-Adad V">Shamshi-Adad V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shammuramat" title="Shammuramat">Shammuramat</a> (regent?)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adad-nirari_III" title="Adad-nirari III">Adad-nirari III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_IV" title="Shalmaneser IV">Shalmaneser IV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-dan_III" title="Ashur-dan III">Ashur-Dan III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-nirari_V" title="Ashur-nirari V">Ashur-nirari V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiglath-Pileser_III" title="Tiglath-Pileser III">Tiglath-Pileser III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shalmaneser_V" title="Shalmaneser V">Shalmaneser V</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargon_II" title="Sargon II">Sargon II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sennacherib" title="Sennacherib">Sennacherib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Esarhaddon" title="Esarhaddon">Esarhaddon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashurbanipal" title="Ashurbanipal">Ashurbanipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-etil-ilani" class="mw-redirect" title="Ashur-etil-ilani">Ashur-etil-ilani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinsharishkun" title="Sinsharishkun">Sinsharishkun</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sin-shumu-lishir" class="mw-redirect" title="Sin-shumu-lishir">Sin-shumu-lishir</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ashur-uballit_II" title="Ashur-uballit II">Ashur-uballit II</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Economy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;">Infrastructure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/State_communications_in_the_Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="State communications in the Neo-Assyrian Empire">State communications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Culture</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assyrian_sculpture" title="Assyrian sculpture">Assyrian sculpture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lion_Hunt_of_Ashurbanipal" title="Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal">Lion Hunt of Ashurbanipal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lachish_Reliefs" class="mw-redirect" title="Lachish Reliefs">Lachish Reliefs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Obelisk_of_Shalmaneser_III" title="Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III">Black Obelisk of Shalmaneser III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balawat_Gates" title="Balawat Gates">Balawat Gates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-weight:bold;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Category:Neo-Assyrian Empire">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211928#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211928#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211928#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/298984339">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1846966/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/122469747">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n00047036">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p203394216">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007268056305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058619989906706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd122469747.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/122469747">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/103724567">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&oldid=1258825526">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shalmaneser_III&oldid=1258825526</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Neo-Assyrian_Empire" title="Category:Neo-Assyrian Empire">Neo-Assyrian Empire</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:9th-century_BC_Assyrian_kings" 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