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</div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-範圍" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#範圍"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>範圍</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-範圍-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-應用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#應用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>應用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-應用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-資料存儲" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#資料存儲"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>資料存儲</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-資料存儲-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关資料存儲子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-資料存儲-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-資料庫" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#資料庫"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>資料庫</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-資料庫-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-資料檢索" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#資料檢索"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>資料檢索</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-資料檢索-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-數據傳輸" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#數據傳輸"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>數據傳輸</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-數據傳輸-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-數據處理" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#數據處理"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>數據處理</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-數據處理-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-不同觀點下的信息技术" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#不同觀點下的信息技术"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>不同觀點下的信息技术</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-不同觀點下的信息技术-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关不同觀點下的信息技术子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-不同觀點下的信息技术-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-學術觀點" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#學術觀點"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>學術觀點</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-學術觀點-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-商業觀點" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#商業觀點"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>商業觀點</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-商業觀點-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-倫理觀點" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#倫理觀點"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.3</span> <span>倫理觀點</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-倫理觀點-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参见" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参见"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>参见</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参见-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文獻" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文獻"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>參考文獻</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关參考文獻子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-參考文獻-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-引-{}-用" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#引-{}-用"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>引用</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-引-{}-用-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>来源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">信息技术</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。115种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-115" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">115种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inligtingstegnologie" title="Inligtingstegnologie – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Inligtingstegnologie" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationstechnik" title="Informationstechnik – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Informationstechnik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnoloch%C3%ADas_d%27a_Informaci%C3%B3n" title="Tecnolochías d'a Información – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Tecnolochías d'a Información" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%82%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تقانة المعلومات – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="تقانة المعلومات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%83%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تكنولوجيا المعلومات – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="تكنولوجيا المعلومات" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="তথ্য প্ৰযুক্তি – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তথ্য প্ৰযুক্তি" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teunolox%C3%ADa_de_la_informaci%C3%B3n" title="Teunoloxía de la información – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Teunoloxía de la información" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nformasiya_texnologiyalar%C4%B1" title="İnformasiya texnologiyaları – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İnformasiya texnologiyaları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D9%84%DA%AF%DB%8C_%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="بیلگی تکنولوژیسی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بیلگی تکنولوژیسی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D2%93%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BC%D3%99%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B" title="Мәғлүмәт технологиялары – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мәғлүмәт технологиялары" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%96" title="Інфармацыйныя тэхналогіі – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Інфармацыйныя тэхналогіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D1%82%D1%8D%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%96" title="Інфармацыйныя тэхналёгіі – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Інфармацыйныя тэхналёгіі" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Информационни технологии – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Информационни технологии" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%89%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%80" title="इन्फॉर्मेशन टेक्नोलॉजी – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="इन्फॉर्मेशन टेक्नोलॉजी" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%A5%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="তথ্য প্রযুক্তি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="তথ্য প্রযুক্তি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informacijska_tehnologija" title="Informacijska tehnologija – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Informacijska tehnologija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnologia_de_la_informaci%C3%B3" title="Tecnologia de la informació – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Tecnologia de la informació" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%DB%95%DA%A9%D9%86%DB%86%D9%84%DB%86%DA%98%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%B2%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="تەکنۆلۆژیای زانیاری – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="تەکنۆلۆژیای زانیاری" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informa%C4%8Dn%C3%AD_technologie" title="Informační technologie – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Informační technologie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technoleg_gwybodaeth" title="Technoleg gwybodaeth – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Technoleg gwybodaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationsteknologi" title="Informationsteknologi – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Informationsteknologi" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationstechnik" title="Informationstechnik – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Informationstechnik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A4%CE%B5%CF%87%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CF%80%CE%BB%CE%B7%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%86%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD" title="Τεχνολογία πληροφοριών – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Τεχνολογία πληροφοριών" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Information technology" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informa_teknologio" title="Informa teknologio – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Informa teknologio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnolog%C3%ADa_de_la_informaci%C3%B3n" title="Tecnología de la información – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Tecnología de la información" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infotehnoloogia" title="Infotehnoloogia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Infotehnoloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informazio_teknologia" title="Informazio teknologia – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Informazio teknologia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="فناوری اطلاعات – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فناوری اطلاعات" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tietotekniikka" title="Tietotekniikka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Tietotekniikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technologie_de_l%27information" title="Technologie de l'information – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Technologie de l'information" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teicneola%C3%ADocht_faisn%C3%A9ise" title="Teicneolaíocht faisnéise – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Teicneolaíocht faisnéise" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/IT" title="IT – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="IT" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknoloji_di_enformasyon_%C3%A9_di_kominikasyon" title="Teknoloji di enformasyon é di kominikasyon – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Teknoloji di enformasyon é di kominikasyon" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnolox%C3%ADas_da_informaci%C3%B3n" title="Tecnoloxías da información – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Tecnoloxías da información" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-glk mw-list-item"><a href="https://glk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%CB%87_%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A4%D9%84%D8%A4%DA%98%D9%8A" title="اطلاعاتˇ تکنؤلؤژي – 吉拉基文" lang="glk" hreflang="glk" data-title="اطلاعاتˇ تکنؤلؤژي" data-language-autonym="گیلکی" data-language-local-name="吉拉基文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>گیلکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87haghnoaylleeaght-fysseree" title="Çhaghnoaylleeaght-fysseree – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Çhaghnoaylleeaght-fysseree" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%98%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%A2" title="טכנולוגיית מידע – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="טכנולוגיית מידע" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="सूचना प्रौद्योगिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Information technology" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informati%C4%8Dka_tehnologija" title="Informatička tehnologija – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Informatička tehnologija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C3%A1ci%C3%B3s_technol%C3%B3gia" title="Információs technológia – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Információs technológia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D5%A5%D5%B2%D5%A5%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%BE%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%BF%D5%A5%D5%AD%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B8%D5%A3%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Տեղեկատվական տեխնոլոգիաներ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տեղեկատվական տեխնոլոգիաներ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknologi_informasi" title="Teknologi informasi – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teknologi informasi" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uppl%C3%BDsingat%C3%A6kni" title="Upplýsingatækni – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Upplýsingatækni" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnologia_dell%27informazione" title="Tecnologia dell'informazione – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Tecnologia dell'informazione" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="情報技術 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="情報技術" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infamieshan_teknalaji" title="Infamieshan teknalaji – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Infamieshan teknalaji" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A8knologi_informasi" title="Tèknologi informasi – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tèknologi informasi" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A4%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%AA%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="საინფორმაციო ტექნოლოგია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საინფორმაციო ტექნოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaciyal%C4%B1q_texnologiya" title="Informaciyalıq texnologiya – 卡拉卡尔帕克语" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Informaciyalıq texnologiya" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="卡拉卡尔帕克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D2%9B%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Ақпарат технологиясы – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ақпарат технологиясы" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%90%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%8C%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%93%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%91%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6" title="ព័ត៌មានវិទ្យា – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ព័ត៌មានវិទ្យា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B9%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%BF_%E0%B2%A4%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%A4%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%9C%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9E%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A8" title="ಮಾಹಿತಿ ತಂತ್ರಜ್ಞಾನ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮಾಹಿತಿ ತಂತ್ರಜ್ಞಾನ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%95%EB%B3%B4%EA%B8%B0%EC%88%A0" title="정보기술 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="정보기술" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%81%D1%8B" title="Маалымат технологиясы – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Маалымат технологиясы" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technologia_informationis" title="Technologia informationis – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Technologia informationis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatietechnologie" title="Informatietechnologie – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Informatietechnologie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%95%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%81%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%99%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%82%E0%BB%8D%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B9%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%82%E0%BB%88%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A7%E0%BA%AA%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%99" title="ເຕັກໂນໂລຊີຂໍ້ມູນຂ່າວສານ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ເຕັກໂນໂລຊີຂໍ້ມູນຂ່າວສານ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informacin%C4%97s_technologijos" title="Informacinės technologijos – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Informacinės technologijos" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inform%C4%81cijas_tehnolo%C4%A3ijas" title="Informācijas tehnoloģijas – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Informācijas tehnoloģijas" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="सूचना प्रविधि – 迈蒂利语" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="सूचना प्रविधि" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="迈蒂利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mhr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mhr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B0%D2%A5%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Увераҥар технологий – Eastern Mari" lang="mhr" hreflang="mhr" data-title="Увераҥар технологий" data-language-autonym="Олык марий" data-language-local-name="Eastern Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Олык марий</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknologi_informasi" title="Teknologi informasi – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Teknologi informasi" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Информатичка технологија – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Информатичка технологија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF" title="വിവരസാങ്കേതികവിദ്യ – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വിവരസാങ്കേതികവിദ്യ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8D%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8" title="Мэдээллийн технологи – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Мэдээллийн технологи" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9E%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="माहिती तंत्रज्ञान – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="माहिती तंत्रज्ञान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknologi_maklumat" title="Teknologi maklumat – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Teknologi maklumat" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnologie_de_la_anforma%C3%A7on" title="Tecnologie de la anformaçon – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Tecnologie de la anformaçon" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%81%E1%80%BB%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%A1%E1%80%9C%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="သတင်းအချက်အလက်နည်းပညာ – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သတင်းအချက်အလက်နည်းပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BF" title="सूचना प्रविधि – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सूचना प्रविधि" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informatietechnologie" title="Informatietechnologie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Informatietechnologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informasjonsteknologi" title="Informasjonsteknologi – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Informasjonsteknologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informasjons-_og_kommunikasjonsteknologi" title="Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Informasjons- og kommunikasjonsteknologi" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnologias_de_l%27informacion" title="Tecnologias de l'informacion – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Tecnologias de l'informacion" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tiedotehniekku" title="Tiedotehniekku – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Tiedotehniekku" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B8%E0%AD%82%E0%AC%9A%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE_%E0%AC%AA%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%B0%E0%AC%AF%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%A4%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A6%E0%AD%8D%E0%AD%9F%E0%AC%BE" title="ସୂଚନା ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତିବିଦ୍ୟା – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ସୂଚନା ପ୍ରଯୁକ୍ତିବିଦ୍ୟା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%9A%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%8B%E0%A8%9C%E0%A9%80" title="ਸੂਚਨਾ ਤਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੂਚਨਾ ਤਕਨਾਲੋਜੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technika_informatyczna" title="Technika informatyczna – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Technika informatyczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86_%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="انفارمیشن ٹیکنالوجی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="انفارمیشن ٹیکنالوجی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%8A_%D9%BC%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%DA%98%D9%8A" title="معلوماتي ټیکنالوژي – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="معلوماتي ټیکنالوژي" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tecnologia_da_informa%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Tecnologia da informação – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Tecnologia da informação" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tehnologia_informa%C8%9Biei" title="Tehnologia informației – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Tehnologia informației" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Информационные технологии – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Информационные технологии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Інформачна технолоґія – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Інформачна технолоґія" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D1%82%D0%B0" title="Информация технологията – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Информация технологията" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B4%D9%86_%D9%BD%D9%8A%DA%AA%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%8A" title="انفارميشن ٽيڪنالوجي – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="انفارميشن ٽيڪنالوجي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaciona_tehnologija" title="Informaciona tehnologija – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Informaciona tehnologija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%9C%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9A%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B7%82%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="තොරතුරු තාක්‍ෂණය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="තොරතුරු තාක්‍ෂණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Information technology" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informa%C4%8Dn%C3%A1_technol%C3%B3gia" title="Informačná technológia – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Informačná technológia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informacijska_tehnika" title="Informacijska tehnika – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Informacijska tehnika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Macluumaadka_Teknolojiyadda" title="Macluumaadka Teknolojiyadda – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Macluumaadka Teknolojiyadda" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknologjia_e_informacionit" title="Teknologjia e informacionit – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Teknologjia e informacionit" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informaciona_tehnologija" title="Informaciona tehnologija – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Informaciona tehnologija" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Informationsteknik" title="Informationsteknik – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Informationsteknik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknolojia_ya_habari" title="Teknolojia ya habari – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Teknolojia ya habari" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%9F%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தகவல் தொழில்நுட்பம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தகவல் தொழில்நுட்பம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D0%B8%D1%82%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BE%D1%82" title="Фанноварии иттилоот – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фанноварии иттилоот" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%84%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A8" title="เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เทคโนโลยีสารสนเทศ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknolohiyang_pang-impormasyon" title="Teknolohiyang pang-impormasyon – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Teknolohiyang pang-impormasyon" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://tn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maranya_a_Kakanyo" title="Maranya a Kakanyo – 茨瓦纳语" lang="tn" hreflang="tn" data-title="Maranya a Kakanyo" data-language-autonym="Setswana" data-language-local-name="茨瓦纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Setswana</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bilgi_teknolojisi" title="Bilgi teknolojisi – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bilgi teknolojisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B3%D1%8A%D0%BB%D2%AF%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%82_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D3%99%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Мәгълүмат технологияләре – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мәгълүмат технологияләре" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BD%D1%84%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%B0%D1%86%D1%96%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%97" title="Інформаційні технології – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Інформаційні технології" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%AC%DB%8C" title="اطلاعاتی ٹیکنالوجی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اطلاعاتی ٹیکنالوجی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axborot_texnologiyalari" title="Axborot texnologiyalari – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Axborot texnologiyalari" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%B4ng_ngh%E1%BB%87_th%C3%B4ng_tin" title="Công nghệ thông tin – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Công nghệ thông tin" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impormasyon_Teknolohiya" title="Impormasyon Teknolohiya – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Impormasyon Teknolohiya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Xaralay_xibaar_ak_jokkoo" title="Xaralay xibaar ak jokkoo – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Xaralay xibaar ak jokkoo" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="信息技术 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="信息技术" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A2_%D7%98%D7%A2%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A2" title="אינפארמאציע טעכנאלאגיע – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אינפארמאציע טעכנאלאגיע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="資訊科技 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="資訊科技" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UbuChwepheshe_boKwaziswa" title="UbuChwepheshe boKwaziswa – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UbuChwepheshe boKwaziswa" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11661#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li 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class="mw-parser-output"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><span title="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换"><img alt="本页使用了标题或全文手工转换" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/35px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/53px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg/70px-Zh_conversion_icon_m.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="32" data-file-height="20" /></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="資訊科技">資訊科技</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r85100532">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span class="noviewer hatnote-notice-img" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span>「<b>IT</b>」重定向至此。关于其他用法，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/IT_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89)" class="mw-disambig" title="IT (消歧义)">IT (消歧义)</a></b>」。</div> <div id="noteTA-664ee630" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="Communication"></div></div><div class="noteTA-local"><div data-noteta-code="zh-cn:技术;zh-hk:科技;zh-tw:科技;"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2005ICT.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/2005ICT.PNG/250px-2005ICT.PNG" decoding="async" width="250" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/2005ICT.PNG/375px-2005ICT.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/2005ICT.PNG/500px-2005ICT.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1425" data-file-height="625" /></a><figcaption>2005年世界各地用於信息技術的投資</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Computer_monitors.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Computer_monitors.JPG/220px-Computer_monitors.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/6d/Computer_monitors.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></a><figcaption>個人電腦</figcaption></figure> <p><b>信息技术</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Information Technology</span>，縮寫：<b>IT</b>）是主要用于<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="管理">管理</a>和處理<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF" title="信息">信息</a>所採用的各種<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="技術">技術</a>總稱，主要是應用<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="计算机科学">计算机科学</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="通信技術">通信技術</a>来設計、開發、安装和部署<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="信息系统">信息系統</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%94%E7%94%A8%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="应用软件">應用軟件</a>。依照存儲和處理信息的不同，可以將信息技術的發展分為幾個不同的階段：前機械時期（公元前3000–公元1450）、機械時期（1450–1840）、機電時期（1840–1940）及電子時期（1940–現時）<sup id="cite_ref-Butler_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Butler-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在商業領域中，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美國資訊技術協會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Information Technology Association of America"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美國資訊技術協會（页面不存在）">美國資訊技術協會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Technology_Association_of_America" class="extiw" title="en:Information Technology Association of America"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Information Technology Association of America</span></a></span>）</span></span>（ITAA）定義資訊科技為「對於以電腦為基礎之資訊系統的研究、設計、開發、應用、實現、維護或應用。」<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此領域相關的任務包括網路管理、軟體開發及安裝、針對組織內資訊科技生命週期的計劃及管理，包括軟硬體的維護、升級和更新。 </p><p>資訊科技一詞最早是出現在1958年《<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%95%86%E6%A5%AD%E8%A9%95%E8%AB%96" title="哈佛商業評論">哈佛商業評論</a>》中，一篇由<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="哈罗德·杰克·莱维特" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Harold Leavitt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%93%88%E7%BD%97%E5%BE%B7%C2%B7%E6%9D%B0%E5%85%8B%C2%B7%E8%8E%B1%E7%BB%B4%E7%89%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="哈罗德·杰克·莱维特（页面不存在）">Harold J. Leavitt</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Leavitt" class="extiw" title="en:Harold Leavitt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Harold Leavitt</span></a></span>）</span></span>及<span lang="en">Thomas L. Whisler</span>所著的文章，其中提到「這種新技術還沒有一個單一的名稱，我們應該將其稱為資訊科技（<span lang="en">information technology</span>、<span lang="en">IT</span>）」<sup id="cite_ref-LeavittWhisler_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LeavittWhisler-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks plainlist"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="padding: 0.3em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="信息科学">信息科学</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #CCC;"> 概述</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信息存取" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Information access"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%98%E5%8F%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信息存取（页面不存在）">信息存取</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_access" class="extiw" title="en:Information access"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Information access</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%9E%B6%E6%9E%84" class="mw-redirect" title="信息架构">架构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" title="資訊行為">行为</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" title="信息管理">管理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%AA%A2%E7%B4%A2" title="信息檢索">检索</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E5%B0%8B%E6%B1%82" title="資訊尋求">寻求</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="信息社会">社会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="資訊組織">组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AC%E4%BD%93_(%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6)" title="本体 (信息科学)">本体论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E5%93%B2%E5%AD%B8" title="資訊哲學">哲学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科学技术研究" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="science and technology studies"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科学技术研究（页面不存在）">科学技术研究</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/science_and_technology_studies" class="extiw" title="en:science and technology studies"><span lang="en" dir="auto">science and technology studies</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="分类学">分类学</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="border-top:1px solid #CCC;"> 相关领域</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="hlist" style="margin-left: 0em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%AE%A1%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="文献计量学">文献计量学</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="範疇化 (信息科學)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Categorization"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AF%84%E7%96%87%E5%8C%96_(%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="範疇化 (信息科學)（页面不存在）">範疇化</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Categorization" class="extiw" title="en:Categorization"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Categorization</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%A1%E6%9F%A5%E5%88%B6%E5%BA%A6" title="审查制度">审查制度</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="皮尔士科学分类" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Classification of the sciences (Peirce)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9A%AE%E5%B0%94%E5%A3%AB%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="皮尔士科学分类（页面不存在）">皮尔士科学分类</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Classification_of_the_sciences_(Peirce)" class="extiw" title="en:Classification of the sciences (Peirce)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Classification of the sciences (Peirce)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A%E5%AD%98%E8%B2%AF%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="電腦數據存貯器">数据存储</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="文化研究">文化研究</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1" title="数据建模">数据建模</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="信息科学">信息学</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">信息技术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="知識自由" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Intellectual freedom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="知識自由（页面不存在）">知識自由</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intellectual_freedom" class="extiw" title="en:Intellectual freedom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Intellectual freedom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AF%86%E4%BA%A7%E6%9D%83" title="知识产权">知识产权</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="图书馆信息学">图书馆信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%B0%E5%BF%86" class="mw-redirect" title="记忆">记忆</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="保存" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Preservation (library and archive)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%9D%E5%AD%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="保存（页面不存在）">保存</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preservation_(library_and_archive)" class="extiw" title="en:Preservation (library and archive)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Preservation (library and archive)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9A%90%E7%A7%81" title="隐私">隐私</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%8F%E5%AD%90%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="量子信息科学">量子信息科学</a></li></ul> </div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 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class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="範圍"><span id=".E7.AF.84.E5.9C.8D"></span>範圍</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：範圍"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:North_korea_red_star03.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/North_korea_red_star03.png/220px-North_korea_red_star03.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/North_korea_red_star03.png/330px-North_korea_red_star03.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/North_korea_red_star03.png/440px-North_korea_red_star03.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>朝鮮<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%85%E6%98%9F%E4%BD%9C%E6%A5%AD%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="紅星作業系統">紅星操作系统</a></figcaption></figure> <p>信息技术的研究包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="科学">科学</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="技术">技术</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="工程">工程</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="管理学">管理学</a>等学科，这些学科在信息的管理、传递和处理中的应用，相关的软件和设备及其相互作用。 </p><p>信息技术的应用包括计算机<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A1%AC%E4%BB%B6" title="计算机硬件">硬件</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="软件">软件</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="互聯網">网络</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="通訊技術">通讯技术</a>、应用软件开发工具等。<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="电子计算机">计算机</a>与<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a>普及以来，人们日益普遍地使用计算机来生产、处理、交换与传播各种形式的信息（如书籍、商业文件、报刊、唱片、电影、电视节目、语音、图形、影像等）。<sup id="cite_ref-curricula_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curricula-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="應用"><span id=".E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stevemannwristcomp.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Stevemannwristcomp.jpg/220px-Stevemannwristcomp.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Stevemannwristcomp.jpg/330px-Stevemannwristcomp.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Stevemannwristcomp.jpg/440px-Stevemannwristcomp.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1539" /></a><figcaption>搭載<a href="/wiki/Linux" title="Linux">Linux</a>系統的wristwatch手錶電腦</figcaption></figure> <p>在企业、学校和其它组织中，信息技术体系结构是为了达成战略目标，而采用和发展信息技术的综合结构。它包括管理和技术的成分。其管理成分包括使命、职能与信息需求、系统配置、和信息流程；技术成分包括用于实现管理体系结构的信息技术标准、规则等。由于计算机是信息管理的中心，计算机部门通常被称为「信息技术部门」。有些公司称这个部门为「信息服务」（IS）或「管理信息服务」（MIS）。另一些企业选择<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%8C%85" class="mw-redirect" title="外包">外包</a>信息技术部门，以获得更好的效益。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="資料存儲"><span id=".E8.B3.87.E6.96.99.E5.AD.98.E5.84.B2"></span>資料存儲</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：資料存儲"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E8%A8%AD%E5%82%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="資料存储設備（页面不存在）">資料存储設備</a></div> <p>像<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Colossus電腦" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Colossus computer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Colossus%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Colossus電腦（页面不存在）">Colossus電腦</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colossus_computer" class="extiw" title="en:Colossus computer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Colossus computer</span></a></span>）</span></span>這樣的早期電子計算機是利用<a href="/wiki/%E7%A9%BF%E5%AD%94%E7%BA%B8%E5%B8%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="穿孔纸带">穿孔纸带</a>來儲存資料。這是一種長條形紙帶，上面一系列孔表現資料，這種技術早已過時<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlavudeenVenkateshwaran2010178_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlavudeenVenkateshwaran2010178-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。現代計算機所使用的資料儲存介質可追溯到第二次世界大戰，當時是使用水銀製成的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%B6%E8%BF%9F%E7%BA%BF%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E5%99%A8" title="延迟线存储器">延遲線存儲器</a>，開發目的是為了移除<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E9%81%94" class="mw-redirect" title="雷達">雷達</a>的背景雜波<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELavington19981_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELavington19981-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但只能循序存取。第一個可隨機存取的數位儲存裝置是基於標準<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E6%A5%B5%E5%B0%84%E7%B7%9A%E7%AE%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="陰極射線管">陰極射線管</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%AE%A1" title="威廉姆斯管">威廉姆斯管</a><sup id="cite_ref-Resurrection_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Resurrection-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但儲存在其中的資訊是易失性（volatile）的，必須定期刷新（refresh）；並且電力一旦中斷，資訊就會丟失。最早的非易失性儲存器是在1932年發明的<a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81%E9%BC%93" class="mw-redirect" title="磁鼓">磁鼓</a><sup id="cite_ref-MagDrum_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MagDrum-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，用在<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="費蘭蒂1號" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ferranti Mark 1"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B2%BB%E8%98%AD%E8%92%821%E8%99%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="費蘭蒂1號（页面不存在）">費蘭蒂1號</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ferranti_Mark_1" class="extiw" title="en:Ferranti Mark 1"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ferranti Mark 1</span></a></span>）</span></span>，這也是世界上第一台商業化的通用型電子計算機<sup id="cite_ref-Digital60MM1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Digital60MM1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>IBM在1956年推出了第一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E7%9B%98%E9%A9%B1%E5%8A%A8%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="硬盘驱动器">硬碟驅動器</a>，作為其<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="IBM 305 RAMAC" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="IBM 305 RAMAC"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM_305_RAMAC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM 305 RAMAC（页面不存在）">IBM 305 RAMAC</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_305_RAMAC" class="extiw" title="en:IBM 305 RAMAC"><span lang="en" dir="auto">IBM 305 RAMAC</span></a></span>）</span></span>計算機系統的一個組件<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKhurshudov20016_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKhurshudov20016-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。現今大部份的資料存儲在硬碟中，或是<a href="/wiki/CD-ROM" title="CD-ROM">CD-ROM</a>等光學介質中<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWangTaratorin19994–5_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWangTaratorin19994–5-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。直到2002年，大多数資訊仍以<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="類比裝置" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Analog device"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A1%9E%E6%AF%94%E8%A3%9D%E7%BD%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="類比裝置（页面不存在）">類比裝置</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analog_device" class="extiw" title="en:Analog device"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Analog device</span></a></span>）</span></span>為主要儲存裝置，但那一年數位裝置容量首次超过了類比裝置。截至2007年，全球儲存的資料中有近94％採用數位方式進行：<sup id="cite_ref-USCNews_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCNews-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>硬碟为52％，光學裝置为28％，數位磁帶为11％。據估計，全球電子裝置資訊儲存容量从1986年的不到3<a href="/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82" title="艾字节">艾字节</a>（EB）增長到2007年的295艾字節<sup id="cite_ref-HilbertLopez2011_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HilbertLopez2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，約每3年翻一番<sup id="cite_ref-Hilbertvideo2011_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hilbertvideo2011-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="資料庫"><span id=".E8.B3.87.E6.96.99.E5.BA.AB"></span>資料庫</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：資料庫"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r85100532"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%BA%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="資料庫">資料庫</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg/220px-Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg/330px-Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg/440px-Roadrunner_supercomputer_HiRes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2730" data-file-height="1820" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%B0%E9%B9%83_(%E8%B6%85%E7%BA%A7%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA)" title="走鹃 (超级计算机)">超級計算機-走鵑</a></figcaption></figure> <p>資料庫管理系統在上世紀60年代出現，以準確快速地存取和檢索大量數據。最早的此類系統之一為<a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a>的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="IBM資訊管理系統" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="IBM Information Management System"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=IBM%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="IBM資訊管理系統（页面不存在）">資訊管理系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBM_Information_Management_System" class="extiw" title="en:IBM Information Management System"><span lang="en" dir="auto">IBM Information Management System</span></a></span>）</span></span>（IMS）<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，50多年後仍廣泛部屬<sup id="cite_ref-IMS_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IMS-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。IMS以<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B1%A4%E6%AC%A1%E6%96%B9%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="層次方式（页面不存在）">層次方式</a>儲存資料<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但七十年代<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%BE%B7%E5%8A%A0%C2%B7%E7%A7%91%E5%BE%B7" title="埃德加·科德">埃德加·科德</a>提出了另一種基於<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E5%90%88%E8%AE%BA" title="集合论">集合论</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%B0%93%E8%AF%8D%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91" title="谓词逻辑">謂詞邏輯</a>以及類似表格、行、列概念的關係型儲存模型，首個商用<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82%E5%9E%8B%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A%E5%BA%AB%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="關係型數據庫管理系統（页面不存在）">關係型資料庫管理系統</a>（RDBMS）由<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="甲骨文公司">甲骨文公司</a>于1980年開發<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>資料庫管理系統包括眾多組件，在保持資料完整性的同時允許多個用戶同時存取。所有資料庫的特徵之一是其位於<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="資料庫模式" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="database schema"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%BA%AB%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="資料庫模式（页面不存在）">資料庫模式</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/database_schema" class="extiw" title="en:database schema"><span lang="en" dir="auto">database schema</span></a></span>）</span></span>中的資料結構與資料本身分開定義和儲存<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>近年來<a href="/wiki/XML" title="XML">XML</a>已成為常見的資料格式。儘管XML可以儲存在普通的<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="文件系统">文件系統</a>中，但通常以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E5%9E%8B%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93" class="mw-redirect" title="关系型数据库">關係型資料库</a>形式儲存，以利用其「在理論與實踐方面耗時多年最終被證實的強健性」<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede20092_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede20092-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。隨著<a href="/wiki/SGML" title="SGML">SGML</a>的演進，XML基於文字結構的優點在機器和人類可讀性方面均得到了體現<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede20094_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede20094-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="資料檢索"><span id=".E8.B3.87.E6.96.99.E6.AA.A2.E7.B4.A2"></span>資料檢索</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：資料檢索"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>關連式資料庫的概念引入了与程式語言無關的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%93%E6%9E%84%E5%8C%96%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%A2%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80" class="mw-redirect" title="结构化查询语言">結構化查詢語言</a>（SQL），是以<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B3%E7%B3%BB%E4%BB%A3%E6%95%B0_(%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%BA%93)" title="关系代数 (数据库)">關係代數</a>為其基礎<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>「資料」（data）和「資訊」（information）有著不同的内涵。只要是儲存的内容都可以稱為資料，但這其中仅有以組織及有意義的方式呈現的才是資訊<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKedar20091–9_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKedar20091–9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。世界上大部份的資料沒有結構，儲存在不同的實體介質中<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Aalst20112_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Aalst20112-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99%E5%80%89%E5%84%B2" title="資料倉儲">資料倉儲</a>在1980年代起開始興起，目的是整合這些不同來源的資料。一般是包括來自不同來源的資料，包括外部資料庫（例如網際網路）再加以組織，可以供像<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B3%E7%AD%96%E6%94%AF%E6%8C%81%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="决策支持系统">決策支援系統</a>類的系統<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyché20004–6_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyché20004–6-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="數據傳輸"><span id=".E6.95.B8.E6.93.9A.E5.82.B3.E8.BC.B8"></span>數據傳輸</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：數據傳輸"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>數據傳輸有三種不同的層面：發送、传播及接收<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeik2000361_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeik2000361-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。可以大致區分為資訊單向傳遞的<a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E6%92%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="廣播">廣播</a>，以及資訊雙向傳遞的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="電信">電信</a><sup id="cite_ref-HilbertLopez2011_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HilbertLopez2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>自從2000年代初期，越來越多的應用利用XML為數據交換的媒介<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，特別是像網站導向<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="通信协议">通信協議</a>（像<a href="/wiki/SOAP" class="mw-redirect" title="SOAP">SOAP</a>）中用到的機器交互<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede20094_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede20094-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，描述的是「在傳送中的數據……而不是靜止不動的數據。」<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。這種用途的一個挑戰是將數據由關連式數據庫轉換為<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%AA%94%E5%B0%8D%E8%B1%A1%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="文檔對象模型">文檔對象模型</a>（DOM）的結構<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewis2003228–31_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTELewis2003228–31-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="數據處理"><span id=".E6.95.B8.E6.93.9A.E8.99.95.E7.90.86"></span>數據處理</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：數據處理"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Hilbert及Lopez發現了數據技術改變帶來的指數級成長（也就是<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E5%B0%94%E5%AE%9A%E5%BE%8B" title="摩尔定律">摩尔定律</a>），1986年至2007年間，每人平均的專用機器數據處理量每14個月會增加一倍，每人平均的泛用計算機數據處理量每18個月會增加一倍，每人平均的總電信量每34個月會增加一倍，每人平均的數據存儲量每40個月會增加一倍，每人平均的廣播數據量每12.3年會增加一倍<sup id="cite_ref-HilbertLopez2011_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HilbertLopez2011-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>全世界每天都會產生大量的數據，不過若沒有加以分析，並且用有效的方式呈現，數據本質上就像放在「數據墳墓」中一様。「很少用到的數據備存」<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei20115_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei20115-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。為了此議題，<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E6%8C%96%E6%8E%98" title="数据挖掘">數據挖掘</a>在1980年代的後期興起，其概念就是從大量的數據中發現有趣的模式及知識<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei2011xxiii_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei2011xxiii-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="不同觀點下的信息技术"><span id=".E4.B8.8D.E5.90.8C.E8.A7.80.E9.BB.9E.E4.B8.8B.E7.9A.84.E4.BF.A1.E6.81.AF.E6.8A.80.E6.9C.AF"></span>不同觀點下的信息技术</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：不同觀點下的信息技术"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="學術觀點"><span id=".E5.AD.B8.E8.A1.93.E8.A7.80.E9.BB.9E"></span>學術觀點</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：學術觀點"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在學術上，<a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%8D%8F%E4%BC%9A" title="计算机协会">计算机协会</a>定義信息技术為：「培養學生符合商業、政府、醫療、學校、及其他組織電腦技術需求的大學學程，信息技术專員需選擇適合組織的硬體及軟體，將這些產品和組織的需求及基礎架構結合，為組織中的電腦用戶安裝應用程序，並客製化及進行維護。」<sup id="cite_ref-curricula_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-curricula-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="商業觀點"><span id=".E5.95.86.E6.A5.AD.E8.A7.80.E9.BB.9E"></span>商業觀點</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：商業觀點"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在商業上，<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美國信息技術協會" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Information Technology Association of America"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美國信息技術協會（页面不存在）">美國信息技術協會</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Information_Technology_Association_of_America" class="extiw" title="en:Information Technology Association of America"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Information Technology Association of America</span></a></span>）</span></span>定義信息技術為：「研究、設計、開發、應用、實現、支持或管理以計算機為基礎的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="信息系统">信息系統</a>。」<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。此領域工作人員的職責有網絡管理、軟件開發及安裝、規劃及管理組織的技術生命週期，也就是哪些硬件及軟件需要維護、安裝或是替換。 </p><p>信息技術的商業價值是在商業流程的自動化、提供決策需要的信息、連接企業及其客戶、提供有生產力的工具以提昇效率 </p> <table class="wikitable" style="width:50%; margin:1em auto 1em auto;"> <caption>全界信息技术費用預測<sup id="cite_ref-Gartner_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gartner-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>（單位：十億美元） </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>分類 </th> <th>2014費用 </th> <th>2015費用 </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87" title="外部设备">設備</a></td> <td>685</td> <td>725 </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="數據中心服務" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Data center services"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A%E4%B8%AD%E5%BF%83%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="數據中心服務（页面不存在）">數據中心系統</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_center_services" class="extiw" title="en:Data center services"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Data center services</span></a></span>）</span></span></td> <td>140</td> <td>144 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A%E7%BA%A7%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="企业级软件">企业級軟件</a></td> <td>321</td> <td>344 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="信息技术服务管理">信息技術服務</a></td> <td>967</td> <td>1,007 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="电信">电信</a>服務</td> <td>1,635</td> <td>1,668 </td></tr> <tr> <td>共計</td> <td>3,749</td> <td>3,888 </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="倫理觀點"><span id=".E5.80.AB.E7.90.86.E8.A7.80.E9.BB.9E"></span>倫理觀點</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：倫理觀點"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="信息倫理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="information ethics"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="信息倫理（页面不存在）">信息倫理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/information_ethics" class="extiw" title="en:information ethics"><span lang="en" dir="auto">information ethics</span></a></span>）</span></span>的概念是由數學家<a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%BE%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E7%B6%AD%E7%B4%8D" title="諾伯特·維納">諾伯特·維納</a>在1940年代建立<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBynum20089_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBynum20089-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。以下一些和信息技術有關的內容<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds200920–21_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds200920–21-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： </p> <ul><li>下載一些未經版權所有人同意的文件，造成著作權的侵犯。</li> <li>僱主監控員工的電子郵件及其他網絡使用。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E5%91%8A%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E9%83%B5%E4%BB%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="廣告電子郵件">廣告電子郵件</a>。</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E5%AE%A2_(%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8)" title="黑客 (计算机安全)">黑客</a>存取線上數據庫。</li> <li>網站在用戶的電腦中安裝<a href="/wiki/Cookie" title="Cookie">Cookie</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%97%B4%E8%B0%8D%E8%BD%AF%E4%BB%B6" title="间谍软件">间谍软件</a>，監控用戶的線上活動。</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参见"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.A7.81"></span>参见</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：参见"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portal plainlist tright" style="margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px"> <ul style="display:table;box-sizing:border-box;padding:0.1em;max-width:175px;background:var(--background-color-base,#f9f9f9);font-size:85%;line-height:110%;font-weight:bold"> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/32px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/48px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg/64px-Desktop_computer_clipart_-_Yellow_theme.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="281" data-file-height="203" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:信息技术">信息技术主题</a></span></li> <li style="display:table-row"><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/28px-Telecom-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/42px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Telecom-icon.svg/56px-Telecom-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span><span style="display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle"><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="Portal:技术">技术主题</a></span></li></ul></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E5%8F%8A%E9%80%9A%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" class="mw-redirect" title="資訊及通訊科技">資訊及通訊科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="資訊管理">資訊管理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="数据处理">資料处理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E5%AD%90IT" title="影子IT">影子IT</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文獻"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8D.BB"></span>參考文獻</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：參考文獻"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="引-{}-用"><span id=".E5.BC.95-.7B.7D-.E7.94.A8"></span>引用</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：引用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Butler-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Butler_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFButler" class="citation">Butler, Jeremy G., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tcf.ua.edu/AZ/ITHistoryOutline.htm">A History of Information Technology and Systems</a>, University of Arizona, <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2 August</span> 2012]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201105235127/https://tcf.ua.edu/AZ/ITHistoryOutline.htm">存档</a>于2020-11-05）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Jeremy+G.&rft.aulast=Butler&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Information+Technology+and+Systems&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=University+of+Arizona&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftcf.ua.edu%2FAZ%2FITHistoryOutline.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEProctor2011preface_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFProctor2011">Proctor (2011)</a>，preface.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-LeavittWhisler-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-LeavittWhisler_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFLeavittWhisler1958" class="citation">Leavitt, Harold J.; Whisler, Thomas L., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://hbr.org/1958/11/management-in-the-1980s">Management in the 1980s</a>, Harvard Business Review, 1958, <b>11</b> <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2013-05-06</span>]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201128040755/https://hbr.org/1958/11/management-in-the-1980s">存档</a>于2020-11-28）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=Management+in+the+1980s&rft.au=Whisler%2C+Thomas+L.&rft.aufirst=Harold+J.&rft.aulast=Leavitt&rft.date=1958&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Harvard+Business+Review&rft.volume=11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhbr.org%2F1958%2F11%2Fmanagement-in-the-1980s&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-curricula-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-curricula_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-curricula_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">The Joint Task Force for Computing Curricula 2005.<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.acm.org/education/curric_vols/CC2005-March06Final.pdf">Computing Curricula 2005: The Overview Report (pdf)</a> <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" class="mw-redirect" title="Wayback Machine">互联网档案馆</a>的<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141021153204/http://www.acm.org/education/curric_vols/CC2005-March06Final.pdf">存檔</a>，存档日期21 October 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAlavudeenVenkateshwaran2010178-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAlavudeenVenkateshwaran2010178_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAlavudeenVenkateshwaran2010">Alavudeen & Venkateshwaran (2010)</a>，第178頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELavington19981-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELavington19981_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLavington1998">Lavington (1998)</a>，第1頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Resurrection-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Resurrection_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREF1992" class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170828010743/http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/CCS/res/res04.htm#g">Early computers at Manchester University</a>, Resurrection (The Computer Conservation Society), Summer 1992, <b>1</b> (4) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">19 April</span> 2008]</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0958-7403"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0958-7403</span></a>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/CCS/res/res04.htm#g">原始内容</a>存档于2017-08-28）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=Early+computers+at+Manchester+University&rft.date=1992&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0958-7403&rft.issue=4&rft.jtitle=Resurrection&rft.ssn=summer&rft.volume=1&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.man.ac.uk%2FCCS%2Fres%2Fres04.htm%23g&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MagDrum-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MagDrum_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFUniversität_Klagenfurt" class="citation">Universität Klagenfurt (编), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cs-exhibitions.uni-klu.ac.at/index.php?id=222">Magnetic drum</a>, Virtual Exhibitions in Informatics, <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">21 August</span> 2011]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060621130619/http://cs-exhibitions.uni-klu.ac.at/index.php?id=222">存档</a>于2006-06-21）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=Magnetic+drum&rft.au=Universit%C3%A4t+Klagenfurt&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Virtual+Exhibitions+in+Informatics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcs-exhibitions.uni-klu.ac.at%2Findex.php%3Fid%3D222&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Digital60MM1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Digital60MM1_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081121112547/http://www.digital60.org/birth/manchestercomputers/mark1/manchester.html">The Manchester Mark 1</a>, University of Manchester, <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">24 January</span> 2009]</span>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.digital60.org/birth/manchestercomputers/mark1/manchester.html">原始内容</a>存档于2008年11月21日）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.btitle=The+Manchester+Mark+1&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=University+of+Manchester&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.digital60.org%2Fbirth%2Fmanchestercomputers%2Fmark1%2Fmanchester.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKhurshudov20016-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKhurshudov20016_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKhurshudov2001">Khurshudov (2001)</a>，第6頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWangTaratorin19994–5-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWangTaratorin19994–5_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWangTaratorin1999">Wang & Taratorin (1999)</a>，第4–5頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USCNews-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-USCNews_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFWu" class="citation">Wu, Suzanne, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.usc.edu/#!/article/29360/How-Much-Information-Is-There-in-the-World">How Much Information Is There in the World?</a>, USC News (University of Southern California), <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2013]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190501090519/http://news.usc.edu/#!/article/29360/How-Much-Information-Is-There-in-the-World">存档</a>于2019-05-01）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=How+Much+Information+Is+There+in+the+World%3F&rft.aufirst=Suzanne&rft.aulast=Wu&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=USC+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.usc.edu%2F%23%21%2Farticle%2F29360%2FHow-Much-Information-Is-There-in-the-World&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HilbertLopez2011-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HilbertLopez2011_13-0"><sup><b>13.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HilbertLopez2011_13-1"><sup><b>13.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HilbertLopez2011_13-2"><sup><b>13.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFHilbertLópez2011" class="citation">Hilbert, Martin; López, Priscila, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sciencemag.org/content/332/6025/60.full?sid=ef08b031-c911-46ae-9e9c-d675cc635c6d">The World's Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information</a>, <a href="/wiki/Science_(journal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Science (journal)">Science</a>, 1 April 2011, <b>332</b> (6025): 60–65 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2013]</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21310967"><span title="公共医学识别码">PMID 21310967</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1126%2Fscience.1200970"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1126/science.1200970</span></a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924161013/http://www.sciencemag.org/content/332/6025/60.full?sid=ef08b031-c911-46ae-9e9c-d675cc635c6d">存档</a>于2015-09-24）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Technological+Capacity+to+Store%2C+Communicate%2C+and+Compute+Information&rft.au=L%C3%B3pez%2C+Priscila&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.aulast=Hilbert&rft.date=2011-04-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=6025&rft.jtitle=Science&rft.pages=60-65&rft.volume=332&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sciencemag.org%2Fcontent%2F332%2F6025%2F60.full%3Fsid%3Def08b031-c911-46ae-9e9c-d675cc635c6d&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1126%2Fscience.1200970&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21310967&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hilbertvideo2011-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hilbertvideo2011_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120118072720/http://ideas.economist.com/video/giant-sifting-sound-0">Americas events- Video animation on The World's Technological Capacity to Store, Communicate, and Compute Information from 1986 to 2010</a>. The Economist. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-28</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ideas.economist.com/video/giant-sifting-sound-0">原始内容</a>存档于2012-01-18）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=Americas+events-+Video+animation+on+The+World%27s+Technological+Capacity+to+Store%2C+Communicate%2C+and+Compute+Information+from+1986+to+2010&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Economist&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fideas.economist.com%2Fvideo%2Fgiant-sifting-sound-0&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062_15-0"><sup><b>15.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062_15-1"><sup><b>15.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20062_15-2"><sup><b>15.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWardDafoulas2006">Ward & Dafoulas (2006)</a>，第2頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IMS-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-IMS_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite id="CITEREFOlofson2009" class="citation">Olofson, Carl W., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/data/sw-library/ims/idc-power-of-ims.pdf">A Platform for Enterprise Data Services</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=International_Data_Corporation&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="International Data Corporation（页面不存在）">IDC</a>, October 2009 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2012]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140617214756/http://public.dhe.ibm.com/software/data/sw-library/ims/idc-power-of-ims.pdf">存档</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>于2014-06-17）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Carl+W.&rft.aulast=Olofson&rft.btitle=A+Platform+for+Enterprise+Data+Services&rft.date=2009-10&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=IDC&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpublic.dhe.ibm.com%2Fsoftware%2Fdata%2Fsw-library%2Fims%2Fidc-power-of-ims.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063_17-0"><sup><b>17.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWardDafoulas20063_17-1"><sup><b>17.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWardDafoulas2006">Ward & Dafoulas (2006)</a>，第3頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede20092-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede20092_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPardede2009">Pardede (2009)</a>，第2頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede20094-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede20094_19-0"><sup><b>19.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede20094_19-1"><sup><b>19.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPardede2009">Pardede (2009)</a>，第4頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKedar20091–9-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKedar20091–9_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKedar2009">Kedar (2009)</a>，第1–9頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Aalst20112-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_der_Aalst20112_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFvan_der_Aalst2011">van der Aalst (2011)</a>，第2頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDyché20004–6-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDyché20004–6_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDyché2000">Dyché (2000)</a>，第4–6頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEWeik2000361-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEWeik2000361_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFWeik2000">Weik (2000)</a>，第361頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii_24-0"><sup><b>24.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPardede2009xiii_24-1"><sup><b>24.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPardede2009">Pardede (2009)</a>，第xiii頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTELewis2003228–31-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTELewis2003228–31_25-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLewis2003">Lewis (2003)</a>，第228–31頁.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfnp模板錯誤: 無指向目標: CITEREFLewis2003 (<a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%AB%E6%9C%89%E5%93%88%E4%BD%9B%E5%8F%82%E8%80%83%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F%E7%B3%BB%E5%88%97%E6%A8%A1%E6%9D%BF%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5%E6%8C%87%E5%90%91%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:含有哈佛参考文献格式系列模板链接指向错误的页面">幫助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei20115-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei20115_26-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHanKamberPei2011">Han, Kamber & Pei (2011)</a>，第5頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei2011xxiii-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEHanKamberPei2011xxiii_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFHanKamberPei2011">Han, Kamber & Pei (2011)</a>，第xxiii頁</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gartner-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gartner_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gartner.com/DisplayDocument?id=2291618">Forecast Alert: IT Spending, Worldwide, 4Q12 Update</a>, Gartner, <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2 January</span> 2013]</span>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131005123120/http://www.gartner.com/DisplayDocument?id=2291618">存档</a>于2013-10-05）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.btitle=Forecast+Alert%3A+IT+Spending%2C+Worldwide%2C+4Q12+Update&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Gartner&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gartner.com%2FDisplayDocument%3Fid%3D2291618&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBynum20089-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBynum20089_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBynum2008">Bynum (2008)</a>，第9頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds200920–21-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds200920–21_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReynolds2009">Reynolds (2009)</a>，第20–21頁.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="来源"><span id=".E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>来源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：来源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <dl><dt>书籍</dt></dl> <ul><li><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101228042243/http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010436726">資訊科技概論</a>. 碁峰. 2009: 432 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-10-29</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9789861817101" title="Special:网络书源/9789861817101"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 9789861817101</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.books.com.tw/exep/prod/booksfile.php?item=0010436726">原始内容</a>存档于2010-12-28） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到中文（繁體）网页">（中文（繁體））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.btitle=%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%A6%82%E8%AB%96&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9789861817101&rft.pages=432&rft.pub=%E7%A2%81%E5%B3%B0&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.books.com.tw%2Fexep%2Fprod%2Fbooksfile.php%3Fitem%3D0010436726&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite class="citation book"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091001102538/http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gitr/2009/gitr09fullreport.pdf">The Global Information Technology Report 2008–2009</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>. World Economic Forum and INSEAD. 2009: 406 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2009-10-29</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-92-95044-19-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-92-95044-19-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-92-95044-19-7</a>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.weforum.org/pdf/gitr/2009/gitr09fullreport.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2009-10-01） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.btitle=The+Global+Information+Technology+Report+2008%E2%80%932009&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-92-95044-19-7&rft.pages=406&rft.pub=World+Economic+Forum+and+INSEAD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.weforum.org%2Fpdf%2Fgitr%2F2009%2Fgitr09fullreport.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAlavudeenVenkateshwaran2010" class="citation">Alavudeen, A.; Venkateshwaran, N., Computer Integrated Manufacturing, PHI Learning, 2010, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-203-3345-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-203-3345-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-81-203-3345-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.au=Venkateshwaran%2C+N.&rft.aufirst=A.&rft.aulast=Alavudeen&rft.btitle=Computer+Integrated+Manufacturing&rft.date=2010&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-203-3345-1&rft.pub=PHI+Learning&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBynum2008" class="citation">Bynum, Terrell Ward, Norbert Wiener and the Rise of Information Ethics, van den Hoven, Jeroen; Weckert, John (编), Information Technology and Moral Philosophy, Cambridge University Press, 2008, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-521-85549-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-521-85549-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-521-85549-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=Norbert+Wiener+and+the+Rise+of+Information+Ethics&rft.aufirst=Terrell+Ward&rft.aulast=Bynum&rft.btitle=Information+Technology+and+Moral+Philosophy&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-521-85549-5&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFDyché2000" class="citation">Dyché, Jill, Turning Data Into Information With Data Warehousing, Addison Wesley, 2000, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-201-65780-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-201-65780-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-201-65780-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Jill&rft.aulast=Dych%C3%A9&rft.btitle=Turning+Data+Into+Information+With+Data+Warehousing&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-201-65780-7&rft.pub=Addison+Wesley&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFHanKamberPei2011" class="citation">Han, Jiawei; Kamber, Micheline; Pei, Jian, Data Minining: Concepts and Techniques 3rd, Morgan Kaufman, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-12-381479-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-12-381479-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-12-381479-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.au=Kamber%2C+Micheline&rft.au=Pei%2C+Jian&rft.aufirst=Jiawei&rft.aulast=Han&rft.btitle=Data+Minining%3A+Concepts+and+Techniques&rft.date=2011&rft.edition=3rd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-381479-1&rft.pub=Morgan+Kaufman&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKedar2009" class="citation">Kedar, Seema, Database Management Systems, Technical Publications, 2009, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-81-8431-584-4" title="Special:网络书源/978-81-8431-584-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-81-8431-584-4</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Seema&rft.aulast=Kedar&rft.btitle=Database+Management+Systems&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-81-8431-584-4&rft.pub=Technical+Publications&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKhurshudov2001" class="citation">Khurshudov, Andrei, The Essential Guide to Computer Data Storage: From Floppy to DVD, Prentice Hall, 2001, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-130-92739-2" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-130-92739-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-130-92739-2</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Andrei&rft.aulast=Khurshudov&rft.btitle=The+Essential+Guide+to+Computer+Data+Storage%3A+From+Floppy+to+DVD&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-130-92739-2&rft.pub=Prentice+Hall&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFLavington1998" class="citation">Lavington, Simon, A History of Manchester Computers 2nd, The British Computer Society, 1998, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-902505-01-5" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-902505-01-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-902505-01-5</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Simon&rft.aulast=Lavington&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Manchester+Computers&rft.date=1998&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-902505-01-5&rft.pub=The+British+Computer+Society&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPardede2009" class="citation">Pardede, Eric, Open and Novel Issues in XML Database Applications, Information Science Reference, 2009, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-60566-308-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-60566-308-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-60566-308-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Eric&rft.aulast=Pardede&rft.btitle=Open+and+Novel+Issues+in+XML+Database+Applications&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-60566-308-1&rft.pub=Information+Science+Reference&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFProctor2011" class="citation">Proctor, K. Scott, Optimizing and Assessing Information Technology: Improving Business Project Execution, John Wiley & Sons, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-118-10263-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-118-10263-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-118-10263-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=K.+Scott&rft.aulast=Proctor&rft.btitle=Optimizing+and+Assessing+Information+Technology%3A+Improving+Business+Project+Execution&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-118-10263-3&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2009" class="citation">Reynolds, George, Ethics in Information Technology, Cengage Learning, 2009, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-538-74622-9" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-538-74622-9"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-538-74622-9</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=George&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.btitle=Ethics+in+Information+Technology&rft.date=2009&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-538-74622-9&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_Aalst2011" class="citation">van der Aalst, Wil M. P., Process Mining: Discovery, Conformance and Enhancement of Business Processes, Springer, 2011, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-3-642-19344-6" title="Special:网络书源/978-3-642-19344-6"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-3-642-19344-6</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Wil+M.+P.&rft.aulast=van+der+Aalst&rft.btitle=Process+Mining%3A+Discovery%2C+Conformance+and+Enhancement+of+Business+Processes&rft.date=2011&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-3-642-19344-6&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWangTaratorin1999" class="citation">Wang, Shan X.; Taratorin, Aleksandr Markovich, Magnetic Information Storage Technology, Academic Press, 1999, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-12-734570-3" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-12-734570-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-12-734570-3</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.au=Taratorin%2C+Aleksandr+Markovich&rft.aufirst=Shan+X.&rft.aulast=Wang&rft.btitle=Magnetic+Information+Storage+Technology&rft.date=1999&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-12-734570-3&rft.pub=Academic+Press&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWardDafoulas2006" class="citation">Ward, Patricia; Dafoulas, George S., Database Management Systems, Cengage Learning EMEA, 2006, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-1-84480-452-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-1-84480-452-8"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-1-84480-452-8</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.au=Dafoulas%2C+George+S.&rft.aufirst=Patricia&rft.aulast=Ward&rft.btitle=Database+Management+Systems&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-1-84480-452-8&rft.pub=Cengage+Learning+EMEA&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li> <li><cite id="CITEREFWeik2000" class="citation">Weik, Martin, Computer Science and Communications Dictionary <b>2</b>, Springer, 2000, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7923-8425-0" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7923-8425-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-7923-8425-0</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft.aulast=Weik&rft.btitle=Computer+Science+and+Communications+Dictionary&rft.date=2000&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7923-8425-0&rft.pub=Springer&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wretch.cc/blog/lnylonl/18744856">資訊科技概論課程</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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title="交通">交通</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="交通工程">交通工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%80%9A%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="交通工程">流量工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%89%E5%85%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="載具">車輛工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7" title="航海">航海</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E6%B5%B7%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="航海工程">航海工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA" title="航空">航空</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="航空工程">航空工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%88%AA%E5%A4%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="航天工程">航天工程</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="工业工程学">工業工程</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group 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title="化学信息学">化学信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%AA%A2%E9%A9%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學檢驗（页面不存在）">化學檢驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="生化工程">生化工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生化技術（页面不存在）">生化技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="生物化學">生物化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="生物工程学">生物工程学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="生物工程学">生物工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="生物技术">生物技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="生物信息学">生物信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AA%A2%E9%A9%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物檢驗（页面不存在）">生物檢驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="醫療衛生科學">醫療衛生科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="神经科学">神经科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="纳米医学">纳米医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学">医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="药学">药学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="护理学">护理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="基因工程">基因工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="组织工程学">组织工程学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物化工程（页面不存在）">物化工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物化技術（页面不存在）">物化技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物理工程學（页面不存在）">物理工程學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物理技術（页面不存在）">物理技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="材料化学">材料化學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="農業">農業</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="農業工程">農業工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="食品化學">食品化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="食品工程">食品工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="食品技术">食品技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%A2%E9%A4%8A%E6%AE%96" title="水產養殖">水產養殖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="漁業">水產學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%B8" title="營養學">營養學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食品微生物學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Food microbiology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食品微生物學（页面不存在）">食品微生物學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_microbiology" class="extiw" title="en:Food microbiology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Food microbiology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遺傳利用限制技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetic use restriction technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E9%99%90%E5%88%B6%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遺傳利用限制技術（页面不存在）">遺傳利用限制技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_use_restriction_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Genetic use restriction technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetic use restriction technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="環境科技">環境科技</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="綠色建築">綠色建築</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%8C%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="永續設計">永續設計</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="环境工程">環境工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="生態工程">生態工程</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="潔淨科技" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Clean technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%94%E6%B7%A8%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="潔淨科技（页面不存在）">潔淨科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Clean technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Clean technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生態技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ecotechnology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生態技術（页面不存在）">生態技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotechnology" class="extiw" title="en:Ecotechnology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ecotechnology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環境工程科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental engineering science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環境工程科學（页面不存在）">環境工程科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_engineering_science" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental engineering science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental engineering science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="教育科技">教育技術學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="教育科技">教育技術學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="線上學習">線上學習</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="教育軟體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Educational software"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="教育軟體（页面不存在）">教育軟體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_software" class="extiw" title="en:Educational software"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Educational software</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="虛擬校園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Virtual campus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E6%A0%A1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="虛擬校園（页面不存在）">虛擬校園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_campus" class="extiw" title="en:Virtual campus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Virtual campus</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="應用科學">應用科學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="光学工程">光学工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="光學">光學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="聲學">聲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="力學">力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="热学">熱學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="電學">電學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁">磁學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="電磁學">電磁學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="材料科学">材料科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="纳米技术">纳米技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="微技术">微技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體">半導體物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="環境科學">環境科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AD%A6" title="考古学">考古学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">軍事</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E8%A3%85%E5%A4%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="军事技术与装备列表">軍事技術</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍事通信" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Military communications"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軍事通信（页面不存在）">軍事通信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_communications" class="extiw" title="en:Military communications"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Military communications</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%88%E8%97%A5" title="彈藥">彈藥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E5%BC%B9" title="炸弹">炸弹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%B0" title="電子作戰">電子作戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%8F%AF%E5%81%B5%E6%B8%AC%E6%80%A7%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="低可偵測性技術">低可偵測性技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B5" title="工兵">工兵</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他領域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%AD%A6" title="机器人学">機器人學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="机械电子学">機械電子學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="系统工程">系统工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B3%AA%E7%B5%84%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白質組學">蛋白質組學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="聚合物工程">聚合物工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="系統分類學">系統分類學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="金融科技">金融科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A" title="采矿业">采矿业</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="基礎設施">基礎設施</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E6%98%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="發明">發明</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E6%98%8E%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="发明年表">發明年表</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" class="mw-redirect" title="知識">知識</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="機器">機器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%83%BD" title="技能">技能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%97%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="工藝">工藝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7" title="工具">工具</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2" title="技术史">技术史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="史前技术纲要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of prehistoric technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="史前技术纲要（页面不存在）">史前技术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of prehistoric technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of prehistoric technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="新石器革命">新石器革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古代技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ancient technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古代技術（页面不存在）">古代技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ancient technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ancient technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Medieval technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀技術（页面不存在）">中世紀技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Medieval technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Medieval technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文藝復興技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Renaissance technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E8%97%9D%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文藝復興技術（页面不存在）">文藝復興技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Renaissance technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Renaissance technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第一次工业革命">第一次工业革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="噴氣時代" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jet Age"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%99%B4%E6%B0%A3%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="噴氣時代（页面不存在）">噴氣時代</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Age" class="extiw" title="en:Jet Age"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jet Age</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第二次工业革命">第二次工业革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%97%E5%8C%96%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="數字化革命">第三次工業革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="信息时代">信息时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第四次工業革命">第四次工業革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB" title="互聯網泡沫">互聯網泡沫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0" title="破壞性創新">破壞性創新</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="共享經濟">共享經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BA%A4%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="社交網路服務">社交網路服務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9B%B6%E5%94%AE" title="新零售">新零售</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O2O" title="O2O">O2O</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">信息技术教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="線上學習">線上學習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF%E8%AF%BE%E5%A0%82" title="大规模开放在线课堂">大规模开放在线课堂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A7%91" title="理工科">STEM教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="Category:資訊科技教育">Category:資訊科技教育</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術理論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Theories of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技術理論（页面不存在）">理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Theories of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Theories of technology</span></a></span>）</span></span><br />和概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術倫理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ethics of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技術倫理（页面不存在）">技術倫理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ethics of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ethics of technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%BB%BA%E6%9E%84" title="技术的社会建构">技术的社会建构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%BD%A2%E5%A1%91" title="技術的社會形塑">技術的社會形塑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E8%AE%BA" title="技术决定论">技术决定论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87" title="技術中立原則">技術中立原則</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="超人类主义">超人类主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="技术接受模型">技术接受模型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="专家统治">专家统治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%A5%87%E7%82%B9" title="技术奇点">技术奇点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%88%90%E7%86%9F%E5%BA%A6%E6%9B%B2%E7%BA%BF" title="技术成熟度曲线">技术成熟度曲线</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技术类别" data-lang-code="d" data-lang-name="維基數據" data-foreign-title="Q112057532"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技术类别（页面不存在）">技术类别</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">維基數據所列</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112057532" class="extiw" title="d:Q112057532"><span lang="d" dir="auto">Q112057532</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍民兩用技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dual-use technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E6%B0%91%E5%85%A9%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軍民兩用技術（页面不存在）">軍民兩用技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-use_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Dual-use technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dual-use technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="高科技">高科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0" title="破壞性創新">破壞性創新</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%82%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="适用技术">适用技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="通用技术">通用技术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="关键技术" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Schlüsseltechnologie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="关键技术（页面不存在）">关键技术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schl%C3%BCsseltechnologie" class="extiw" title="de:Schlüsseltechnologie"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Schlüsseltechnologie</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="新兴技术">新兴技术</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%88%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="新興技術列表">列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%82%96%E5%A4%AB%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="卡尔达肖夫指数">卡尔达肖夫指数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="Category:各国科技">Category:各国科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="Category:科技公司">Category:科技公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E8%80%85" title="技术传播者">技术传播者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="技术新闻学">技术新闻学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="Portal:技術">技術主題</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84868394">.mw-parser-output .navboxref .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .navboxref .hlist li{display:block;margin-left:1em}</style></div><div role="navigation" 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href="/wiki/%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="蘋果公司">蘋果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="三星電子">三星電子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="索尼移动通信">索尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%A2%A9" title="華碩">華碩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8F%E7%A2%81" title="宏碁">宏碁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%89%98%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%89%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8" title="摩托罗拉移动">摩托罗拉移动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%B1%B3%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="小米集團">小米</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/LG%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="LG電子">LG電子</a></s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCL%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="TCL科技">TCL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vivo" title="Vivo">vivo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPPO" title="OPPO">OPPO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B4%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" title="中兴通讯">中興</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%A3%E8%80%80%E7%BB%88%E7%AB%AF" title="荣耀终端">荣耀</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AD%85%E6%97%8F%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="魅族科技">魅族</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE" title="夏普">夏普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%8F%AF%E8%A6%96" title="富可視">富可視</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9A" title="诺基亚">Nokia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="微软移动">微软移动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Micromax" title="Micromax">Micromax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E9%9F%B3%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1" title="传音控股">Tecno</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AA%E4%BA%BA%E7%94%B5%E8%84%91" title="个人电脑">个人电脑</a><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E6%83%B3%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="联想集团">聯想</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE" title="惠普">惠普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%88%BE" title="戴爾">戴爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="蘋果公司">蘋果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8F%E7%A2%81" title="宏碁">宏碁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%A2%A9" title="華碩">華碩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%98%9F%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="微星科技">微星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E5%98%89%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="技嘉科技">技嘉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%BB%E6%B5%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="鴻海科技集團">鴻海</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E8%9B%87%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="雷蛇公司">Razer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="三星電子">三星電子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%A3%AB%E9%80%9A" title="富士通">富士通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%A3%E5%B7%A5%E7%94%9F%E4%BA%A7" title="代工生产">組裝代工</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%B4%BB%E6%B5%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="鴻海科技集團">鴻海</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E6%99%BA%E5%BA%B7%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="富智康集團">富智康</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%A3%E9%81%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" title="廣達電腦">廣達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%81%E5%AF%B6%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" title="仁寶電腦">仁寶</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%AC%E5%88%9B%E8%B5%84%E9%80%9A" title="纬创资通">緯創</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E6%A5%AD%E9%81%94%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="英業達集團">英業達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%92%8C%E7%A2%A9%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="和碩聯合科技">和碩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%81%89%E5%89%B5%E5%8A%9B" title="偉創力">偉創力</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E5%BC%98%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="天弘科技">天弘科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8D%B7%E6%99%AE%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="捷普科技">捷普科技</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Viking科技" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sanmina Corporation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Viking%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Viking科技（页面不存在）">Viking科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sanmina_Corporation" class="extiw" title="en:Sanmina Corporation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sanmina Corporation</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%A0%E6%8D%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="冠捷科技">冠捷科技</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9A" title="诺基亚">诺基亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%A3" title="日本電氣">日本電氣</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%91%E8%8E%93%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="黑莓公司">黑莓</a></s></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%B1%E5%83%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="影像">影像</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%B3%E8%83%BD" title="佳能">佳能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="三星電子">三星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%BA%B7" title="尼康">尼康</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC" title="索尼">索尼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%95%E5%8D%A1%E7%9B%B8%E6%9C%BA" title="徕卡相机">徕卡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E6%9E%97%E5%B7%B4%E6%96%AF" title="奧林巴斯">奥林巴斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AF%E5%B0%BC%E5%8D%A1%E7%BE%8E%E8%83%BD%E9%81%94" title="柯尼卡美能達">柯尼卡美能達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%A3%AB%E6%9B%BC%E6%9F%AF%E8%BE%BE%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="伊士曼柯达公司">柯达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E7%93%B7" title="京瓷">京瓷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E6%80%9D%E8%BE%BE" title="纳思达">纳思达</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E7%9B%9F" title="利盟">利盟</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%85%89" title="理光">理光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B2%BE%E5%B7%A5%E6%84%9B%E6%99%AE%E7%94%9F" title="精工愛普生">精工愛普生</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE" title="惠普">惠普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%8F%E6%99%AE" title="夏普">夏普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%8A%9D" title="东芝">东芝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%BD%E4%B9%90" title="施乐">施乐</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E7%AB%8B%E5%85%89%E9%9B%BB" title="大立光電">大立光電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%88%E8%8B%8F" title="哈苏">哈苏</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A1%E5%8F%B8%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="蔡司公司">蔡司</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%98%E5%82%A8%E8%AE%BE%E5%A4%87" class="mw-redirect" title="存储设备">数据存储</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="硬盘及固态硬盘" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A1%AC%E7%9B%98" title="硬盘">硬盘</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BA%E6%80%81%E7%A1%AC%E7%9B%98" title="固态硬盘">固态硬盘</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E9%A8%B0%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="威騰電子">威騰電子</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%9F%E7%A2%9F%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="晟碟公司">闪迪</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%8A%9D" title="东芝">东芝</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8E%A7%E4%BF%A0" title="鎧俠">铠侠</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E6%8D%B7%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="希捷科技">希捷科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="三星電子">三星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94" title="英特尔">英特尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%89%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="美光科技">美光科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E5%A3%AB%E9%A0%93%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="金士頓科技">金士頓科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK%E6%B5%B7%E5%8A%9B%E5%A3%AB" title="SK海力士">SK海力士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E5%BA%B7%E5%A8%81%E8%A7%86" title="海康威视">海康威视</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%89%9B%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="威剛科技">威剛科技</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%88%BE" title="戴爾">戴爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dell_EMC" title="Dell EMC">易安信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%A3%AB%E9%80%9A" title="富士通">富士通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE" title="惠普">惠普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NetApp" title="NetApp">NetApp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="甲骨文公司">甲骨文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%AB%AE%E8%A9%A2" title="諮詢">咨询</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E5%88%A4" title="外判">外包</a>服務</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E6%A3%AE%E5%93%B2" title="埃森哲">埃森哲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BA%90%E8%A8%8A" title="源訊">源訊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E6%80%9D%E8%89%BE%E4%BC%A6%E6%B1%89%E5%AF%86%E5%B0%94%E9%A1%BF%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="博思艾伦汉密尔顿控股公司">博思艾伦汉密尔顿控股公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CACI" title="CACI">CACI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%87%B1%E6%8D%B7" title="凱捷">凱捷</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CGI_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="CGI Group">CGI Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%9F%A5%E7%89%B9" title="高知特">高知特</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="HP 企业服务" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="DXC Technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=HP_%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HP 企业服务（页面不存在）">HP 企业服务</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DXC_Technology" class="extiw" title="en:DXC Technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">DXC Technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%8B%A4" title="德勤">德勤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E7%88%BE" title="戴爾">戴爾</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%B0%B8%E6%9C%83%E8%A8%88%E5%B8%AB%E4%BA%8B%E5%8B%99%E6%89%80" title="安永會計師事務所">安永</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E5%B7%9E%E6%95%B0%E7%A0%81" title="神州数码">神州数码</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%A3%AB%E9%80%9A" title="富士通">富士通</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="HCL科技" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="HCLTech"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=HCL%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HCL科技（页面不存在）">HCL科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/HCLTech" class="extiw" title="en:HCLTech"><span lang="en" dir="auto">HCLTech</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E7%AB%8B%E8%A3%BD%E4%BD%9C%E6%89%80" title="日立製作所">日立</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E6%95%B0%E6%8D%AE%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="电子数据系统">EDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="英德拉系統">英德拉系統</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%AD%9A%E7%91%9F%E6%96%AF" title="印孚瑟斯">印孚瑟斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%A3" title="日本電氣">日本電氣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="日本電信電話">日本電信電話</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="橙色服务公司" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Orange Business"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A9%99%E8%89%B2%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="橙色服务公司（页面不存在）">橙色服务公司</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orange_Business" class="extiw" title="en:Orange Business"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Orange Business</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E5%A1%94%E5%92%A8%E8%AF%A2%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1" title="塔塔咨询服务">塔塔咨询服务</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="T-Systems International GmbH" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="T-Systems"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=T-Systems_International_GmbH&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="T-Systems International GmbH（页面不存在）">T-Systems International GmbH</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T-Systems" class="extiw" title="en:T-Systems"><span lang="en" dir="auto">T-Systems</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%99%AE%E7%BD%97" title="威普罗">威普罗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="电子计算机">大型计算机</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%9E%8B%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA" title="大型计算机">大型主機</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%A3%AB%E9%80%9A" title="富士通">富士通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%BA%E6%9C%8D%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="伺服器">伺服器</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="甲骨文公司">甲骨文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9D%E7%A7%91%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="思科系统">思科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%8A%B7%E5%94%AE%E6%99%82%E9%BB%9E%E6%83%85%E5%A0%B1%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1" title="銷售時點情報系統">PoS系統</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NCR%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="NCR公司">NCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%8A%9D" title="东芝">東芝</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="網路設備商" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Network equipment provider"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E8%A8%AD%E5%82%99%E5%95%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="網路設備商（页面不存在）">網路設備</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Network_equipment_provider" class="extiw" title="en:Network equipment provider"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Network equipment provider</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%BE%8E%E4%BA%9A" title="亚美亚">亚美亚</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9D%E7%A7%91%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="思科系统">思科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%9B%E7%AB%8B%E4%BF%A1" title="愛立信">愛立信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%A3%AB%E9%80%9A" title="富士通">富士通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE" title="惠普">惠普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9E%BB%E5%8D%9A%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="瞻博网络">瞻博網路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%89%98%E7%BD%97%E6%8B%89%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="摩托罗拉系统">摩托罗拉系统</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%BB%E6%B0%A3" title="日本電氣">日本電氣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AF%BA%E5%9F%BA%E4%BA%9A%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C" title="诺基亚网络">諾基亞通信</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="三星電子">三星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B4%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" title="中兴通讯">中興</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="半导体">半导体</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%99%A8%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0" title="半导体器件制造">製造</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90%E7%94%B5%E8%B7%AF%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="集成电路设计">芯片设计</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94" title="英特尔">英特尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%98%9F%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="三星電子">三星</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E9%80%9A" title="高通">高通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apple_Silicon" class="mw-redirect" title="Apple Silicon">蘋果Silicon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%85%89%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="美光科技">美光</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SK%E6%B5%B7%E5%8A%9B%E5%A3%AB" title="SK海力士">SK海力士</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E8%8A%9D" title="东芝">东芝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B7%9E%E4%BB%AA%E5%99%A8" title="德州仪器">德州仪器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E9%80%9A%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90" title="博通有限">博通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E6%B3%95%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="意法半導體">意法半導體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AMD" title="AMD">超威</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E4%BC%9F%E8%BE%BE" title="英伟达">英伟达</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E8%96%A9%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="瑞薩電子">瑞薩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a>-<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%80%9D%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="海思半導體">海思</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E7%99%BC%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="聯發科技">聯發科</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%9B%9B%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="威盛電子">威盛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9E%E6%80%9D%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94" title="飞思卡尔">飞思卡尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%8C%E5%A3%AB%E9%80%9A" title="富士通">富士通</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BCLSI%E8%AE%BE%E8%AE%A1" title="索尼LSI设计">索尼LSI设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E5%B0%BC%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0" title="索尼半导体制造">索尼半导体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LG%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="LG集团">LG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E9%A3%9E%E5%87%8C%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="英飞凌科技">英飛凌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%BB%BF%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="美滿電子科技">美满</a>（Marvell ）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%A9%E6%99%BA%E6%B5%A6%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93" title="恩智浦半导体">恩智浦</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%BE%E4%B8%8B%E9%9B%BB%E5%99%A8" title="松下電器">松下</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E6%A3%AE%E7%BE%8E" title="安森美">安森美</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%AB%E6%8D%B7%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="快捷半導體公司">仙童</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LSI%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="LSI公司">LSI公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%AB%E5%85%89%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="紫光集團">紫光集團</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E8%AC%80%E6%8E%A7%E8%82%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="安謀控股">安謀控股</a>（ARM）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%91%9E%E6%98%B1%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" title="瑞昱半導體">瑞昱半導體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%BD%E7%B5%B1%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="矽統科技">矽統科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BE%99%E8%8A%AF%E4%B8%AD%E7%A7%91" title="龙芯中科">龙芯</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%B6%E5%9C%93%E4%BB%A3%E5%B7%A5" title="晶圓代工">晶圓代工</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E7%81%A3%E7%A9%8D%E9%AB%94%E9%9B%BB%E8%B7%AF%E8%A3%BD%E9%80%A0" title="台灣積體電路製造">台積電</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E8%8F%AF%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90" title="聯華電子">聯華電子</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E8%8A%AF" title="格芯">格芯</a>（格羅方德）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%85%88%E9%80%B2" title="世界先進">世界先進</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8A%AF%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85" title="中芯国际">中芯国际</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E7%A9%8D%E9%9B%BB" title="力積電">力積電</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互联网">互联网</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%95%86%E5%8A%A1" title="电子商务">电子商务</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" class="mw-redirect" title="阿里巴巴集團">阿里巴巴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E9%A6%AC%E9%81%9C%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="亞馬遜公司">亚马逊</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBay" title="EBay">eBay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Booking_Holdings" title="Booking Holdings">Booking Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%AC%E4%B8%9C%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="京东集团">京东</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupon" title="Groupon">Groupon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flipkart" title="Flipkart">Flipkart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%82%E5%A4%A9_(1997%E5%B9%B4%E6%88%90%E7%AB%8B)" title="樂天 (1997年成立)">樂天</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B2%93%E9%80%94%E9%B7%B9" title="貓途鷹">貓途鷹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expedia%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="Expedia公司">Expedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%94%AF%E5%93%81%E4%BC%9A" title="唯品会">唯品會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%BA%E7%A8%8B%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2" title="携程集团">攜程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%86%E8%B4%8A%E9%81%94" title="來贊達">來贊達</a>（Lazada）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%8D%A1%E5%A4%9A" title="美卡多">美卡多</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%9C%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95%E6%93%8E" title="搜索引擎">搜索引擎</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>（谷歌）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BE%E5%BA%A6" title="百度">百度</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bing" class="mw-redirect" title="Bing">微软Bing</a></li> <li><s><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E8%99%8E" title="雅虎">雅虎</a></s></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naver_(%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8)" title="Naver (公司)">Naver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yandex" title="Yandex">Yandex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E8%99%8E360" title="奇虎360">奇虎360</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%9C%E7%8B%97" title="搜狗">搜狗</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E7%BE%A4%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="社群網路">社群網路</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Meta_Platforms" title="Meta Platforms">Meta</a>（<a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>、<a href="/wiki/Instagram" title="Instagram">Instagram</a>及<a href="/wiki/Threads" title="Threads">Threads</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%85%BE%E8%AE%AF" title="腾讯">腾讯</a>（<a href="/wiki/QQ" class="mw-redirect" title="QQ">QQ</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E4%BF%A1" title="微信">微信</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/X_(2023%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8)" title="X (2023年公司)">X</a>（<a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%98%E8%8B%B1" title="領英">領英</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%AA%E5%BE%AE%E5%8D%9A" title="新浪微博">新浪微博</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VKontakte" title="VKontakte">VKontakte</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%89%B2%E6%8B%89%E5%B8%83" title="色拉布">色拉布</a>（Snap）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E4%B9%8E" title="知乎">知乎</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%97%E8%8A%82%E8%B7%B3%E5%8A%A8" title="字节跳动">字節跳動</a>（<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%96%E9%9F%B3" title="抖音">抖音</a>及<a href="/wiki/Tiktok" class="mw-redirect" title="Tiktok">Tiktok</a>）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8F%E7%BA%A2%E4%B9%A6" title="小红书">小紅書</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99" title="门户网站">门户网站</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93" title="网易">网易</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E8%99%8E%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8_(2017%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B3%E4%BB%8A)" title="雅虎公司 (2017年至今)">Oath</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E8%99%8E" title="雅虎">雅虎</a> 及 <a href="/wiki/AOL" class="mw-redirect" title="AOL">AOL</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B5%AA" title="新浪">新浪</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B2%E6%B5%81%E5%AA%92%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="串流媒體">串流媒體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%97%B6%E5%93%A9%E5%97%B6%E5%93%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="嗶哩嗶哩">嗶哩嗶哩</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%90%9C%E7%8B%90%E8%A7%86%E9%A2%91" title="搜狐视频">搜狐視頻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netflix" title="Netflix">Netflix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disney%2B" title="Disney+">Disney+</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">spotify</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="軟體">軟體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">專業軟體</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E9%AA%A8%E6%96%87%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="甲骨文公司">甲骨文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%9D%E7%88%B1%E6%99%AE" title="思爱普">SAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VMware" title="VMware">VMware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CA%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="CA科技">CA公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IBM" title="IBM">IBM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intuit" title="Intuit">Intuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%8A%E9%80%A3%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="訊連科技">訊連科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E4%B8%BA" title="华为">华为</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E7%88%BE%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="海爾集團">海尔</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%85%B4%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF" title="中兴通讯">中興</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9B%E5%AF%8C%E6%97%B6" title="赛富时">Salesforce.com</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">辦公與<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B2%E6%AF%92%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="防毒軟體">防毒軟體</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adobe" title="Adobe">Adobe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="蘋果公司">蘋果</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%BD%AF" title="微软">微软</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%83%A0%E6%99%AE" title="惠普">惠普</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%BD%E9%96%80%E9%90%B5%E5%85%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="賽門鐵克">賽門鐵克</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%A8%E5%8B%A2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="趨勢科技">趨勢科技</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">人工智慧</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DeepMind" class="mw-redirect" title="DeepMind">深智科技</a>（DeepMind）</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anthropic" title="Anthropic">Anthropic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenAI" title="OpenAI">OpenAI</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A8%8A%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="電訊公司">电信运营商</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <dl><dt>前十大<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/AT%26T" title="AT&T">AT&T</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E8%A8%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="威訊">威訊</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8" title="中国移动">中国移动</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1%E9%9B%BB%E8%A9%B1" title="日本電信電話">日本電信電話</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="德国电信">德國電信</a> <dl><dd><a href="/wiki/T-Mobile" title="T-Mobile">T-Mobile</a></dd></dl></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E9%8A%80" title="軟銀">軟銀</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E8%BE%BE%E4%B8%B0" title="沃达丰">沃達豐</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="美洲电信">美洲电信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="中国电信">中国电信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="西班牙電信">西班牙電信</a></dd> <dt>其他</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Orange_(%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8)" title="Orange (公司)">Orange</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E8%81%94%E9%80%9A" title="中国联通">中国联通</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/KDDI" title="KDDI">KDDI</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BT%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="BT集團">英國電信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="義大利電信">義大利電信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="澳大利亞電信">澳大利亞電信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%A9%E5%9B%BD%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="韩国电信">韩国电信</a></dd> <dd><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="世紀互聯" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="CenturyLink"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94" class="mw-disambig" title="世纪互联">世紀互聯</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CenturyLink" class="extiw" title="en:CenturyLink"><span lang="en" dir="auto">CenturyLink</span></a></span>）</span></span></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/BCE%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="BCE公司">BCE公司</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%AA%E5%A8%81%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="挪威電信">挪威電信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%AD%E6%97%BA%E8%BF%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="維旺迪">維旺迪</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="中華電信">中華電信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%B7%E8%98%AD%E7%9A%87%E5%AE%B6%E9%9B%BB%E4%BF%A1" title="荷蘭皇家電信">荷蘭皇家電信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/NTT_DOCOMO" title="NTT DOCOMO">NTT DOCOMO</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E5%AE%9E%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1" title="信实通信">Reliance</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E6%99%AE%E6%9E%97%E7%89%B9" title="斯普林特">Sprint Nextel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="特利亚电信">特利亚电信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/3_(%E9%9B%BB%E8%A8%8A)" title="3 (電訊)">3</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%9D%A1%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="新加坡电信">新加坡电信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%81%94%E9%85%8B%E7%94%B5%E4%BF%A1" title="阿联酋电信">阿联酋电信</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/SK%E7%94%B5%E8%AE%AF" title="SK电讯">SK電訊</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A8%8A%E7%9B%88%E7%A7%91" title="電訊盈科">電訊盈科</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: lightgray;">数据来源</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even navboxref" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><span class="navboxref hlist" style="font-size:110%"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trendforce.com.tw/presscenter/news/20160114-3032.html">2015年全球智慧型手機出貨12.93億支，華為躍升全球第三並突破一億支大關</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-01-14</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221113021939/https://www.trendforce.com.tw/presscenter/news/20160114-3032.html">存档</a>于2022-12-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.btitle=2015%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E6%99%BA%E6%85%A7%E5%9E%8B%E6%89%8B%E6%A9%9F%E5%87%BA%E8%B2%A812.93%E5%84%84%E6%94%AF%EF%BC%8C%E8%8F%AF%E7%82%BA%E8%BA%8D%E5%8D%87%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%A6%E7%AA%81%E7%A0%B4%E4%B8%80%E5%84%84%E6%94%AF%E5%A4%A7%E9%97%9C&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.trendforce.com.tw%2Fpresscenter%2Fnews%2F20160114-3032.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160927054658/http://tech.qq.com/a/20151107/016700.htm">IDC：全球十大PC厂商将有两家退出市场</a>. 2015年11月07日</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.56lem.com/news/show-843.html">2015年全球互联网公司市值前20强排名</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2016-06-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240205143447/http://www.56lem.com/news/show-843.html">存档</a>于2024-02-05）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.btitle=2015%E5%B9%B4%E5%85%A8%E7%90%83%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8%E5%B8%82%E5%80%BC%E5%89%8D20%E5%BC%BA%E6%8E%92%E5%90%8D&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.56lem.com%2Fnews%2Fshow-843.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.forbes.com/global2000/list/#industry:Telecommunications%20services">The World’s Biggest Public Companies</a>. Forbes. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [2016年6月2日]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170119063740/http://www.forbes.com/global2000/list/#industry:Telecommunications%20services">存档</a>于2017年1月19日） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&rft.atitle=The+World%E2%80%99s+Biggest+Public+Companies&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forbes&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forbes.com%2Fglobal2000%2Flist%2F%23industry%3ATelecommunications%2520services&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></span></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size: 100%;"><div>收錄標準：年營業收入超過30億美元；特例：組別5（主機）為10億美元，組別11（網際網路）為15億美元，組別13（電信）為200億美元。</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11661#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div 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