CINXE.COM
AMS-AAAS Mass Media Fellowship
<!doctype html> <html lang="en" data-bs-theme="auto"> <head> <meta charset="utf-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1"> <!-- OGR stylesheet --> <link href="/css/2018_OGR.css" rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" /> <title> AMS-AAAS Mass Media Fellowship</title> <!-- Framework bs5-main-2col --> <!-- Favorites Icon --> <!-- Favorites Icons --> <link rel="shortcut icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Favicon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/x-icon" href="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Favicon.png"> <link rel="icon" type="image/png" href="https://www.ams.org/images/Logo-Favicon.png"> <!-- Analytics --> <!-- Google tag (gtag.js) --> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-26G4XFTR63"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-26G4XFTR63'); </script> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-P3772VN');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!-- Google Analytics 4 Code --> <!-- google tag manager code inserted by txm on 14 nov 2019 --> <!-- Google Tag Manager --> <script>(function(w,d,s,l,i){w[l]=w[l]||[];w[l].push({'gtm.start': new Date().getTime(),event:'gtm.js'});var f=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0], j=d.createElement(s),dl=l!='dataLayer'?'&l='+l:'';j.async=true;j.src= 'https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtm.js?id='+i+dl;f.parentNode.insertBefore(j,f); })(window,document,'script','dataLayer','GTM-PQJKQL');</script> <!-- End Google Tag Manager --> <!--end tag manager from txm--> <script> (function(i,s,o,g,r,a,m){i['GoogleAnalyticsObject']=r;i[r]=i[r]||function(){ (i[r].q=i[r].q||[]).push(arguments)},i[r].l=1*new Date();a=s.createElement(o), m=s.getElementsByTagName(o)[0];a.async=1;a.src=g;m.parentNode.insertBefore(a,m) })(window,document,'script','https://www.google-analytics.com/analytics.js','ga'); ga('create', 'UA-2791151-1', 'auto', {'allowLinker': true }); ga('require', 'linker'); ga('linker:autoLink', ['www.ams.org','bookstore.ams.org','ebus.ams.org']); ga('set', 'hostname', 'www.ams.org'); ga('require', 'linkid'); ga('require', 'displayfeatures'); ga('send', 'pageview'); function amsTrackEvent (category, action, label) { ga('send', 'event', category, action, label); } function amsTrackPageview (page) { ga('send', 'pageview', page); } function amsAddTracking () { var contentDiv = document.getElementById('amsContentDiv'); if (!contentDiv) return 0; var aTags = contentDiv.getElementsByTagName('A'); for (i = 0; i < aTags.length; i++) { var url = aTags[i].href; url = url.replace(/.*ams.org/,''); if (url.match(/\.htm(l)?$/i) || ! url.match(/\./) ) { continue; } if (document.addEventListener) { aTags[i].addEventListener('click', function () { amsTrackPageview(url) }, false); } else { aTags[i].attachEvent('onclick', function () { amsTrackPageview(url) }); } } } if (window.addEventListener) window.addEventListener('load', amsAddTracking, false); else if (window.attachEvent) window.attachEvent('onload', amsAddTracking); </script> <!-- End Google Analytics 4 Code --> <!-- Hotjar --> <!-- Placed by txm 15 July 2024 Hotjar Tracking Code for https://www.ams.org/ bs5 framework --> <script> (function(h,o,t,j,a,r){ h.hj=h.hj||function(){(h.hj.q=h.hj.q||[]).push(arguments)}; h._hjSettings={hjid:1104779,hjsv:6}; a=o.getElementsByTagName('head')[0]; r=o.createElement('script');r.async=1; r.src=t+h._hjSettings.hjid+j+h._hjSettings.hjsv; a.appendChild(r); })(window,document,'https://static.hotjar.com/c/hotjar-','.js?sv='); </script> <!-- Feed and tracker --> <!-- rss feed for feed readers --> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="AMS News" href="https://www.ams.org/cgi-bin/content/news_items.cgi?rss=1" /> <!-- Metadata --> <script type="application/ld+json"> { "@context": "https://schema.org", "@type": "Organization", "name": "American Mathematical Society", "url": "http://www.ams.org", "logo": "https://www.ams.org/images/content/logo.png", "sameAs": [ "https://www.facebook.com/amermathsoc", "https://twitter.com/amermathsoc", "https://www.linkedin.com/company/american-mathematical-society" ], "contactPoint": [ { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-800-321-4267", "faxNumber": "+1-401-455-4000", "contactType": "Customer Service", "productSupported": "Corporate Operations", "contactOption": "TollFree", "areaServed": "Worldwide", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:00", "closes": "16:15" } }, { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-919-515-7863", "faxNumber": "+1-919-515-7896", "contactType": "Customer Service", "productSupported": "American Mathematical Society: Office of the Secretary (Governance)", "areaServed": ["US"], "availableLanguage": ["English"], "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:00", "closes": "16:15" } } ], "address": [ { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904-2213", "addressCountry": "US" }, { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "P.O. Box 6248", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02940-6248", "addressCountry": "US" }, { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "416 4th Street", "addressLocality": "Ann Arbor", "addressRegion": "MI", "postalCode": "48103-4820", "addressCountry": "US" }, { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "1527 Eighteenth Street, NW", "addressLocality": "Washington", "addressRegion": "DC", "postalCode": "20036-1358", "addressCountry": "US" } ], "foundingDate": "1888", "description": "The American Mathematical Society is dedicated to advancing research and connecting the diverse global mathematical community through publications, meetings, advocacy, and professional services.", "department": [ { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Office of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion", "description": "The mission of the Office of Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (EDI) is to integrate EDI throughout the organization; provide guidance on the timing and language of AMS communications related to EDI; and work closely with AMS staff and governance, including the AMS Committee on Equity, Diversity, and Inclusion (CoEDI), to fulfill the goals of AMS towards the full participation of all mathematicians.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "Washington, DC Office", "addressLocality": "Washington", "addressRegion": "DC", "addressCountry": "US" }, "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-401-455-4122", "contactType": "Customer Service" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Development", "description": "The Development Department supports the mission of the American Mathematical Society by encouraging and facilitating philanthropic generosity and promoting active involvement by AMS members and friends. We create, promote, manage, conduct, and evaluate philanthropic programs and services that are fully integrated into the life and culture of the AMS.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904", "addressCountry": "US" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Membership", "description": "The mission of the Membership Department is to recruit and retain AMS members by connecting them to the AMS mission and engaging them with AMS publications, meetings, advocacy, and professional programs and services provided to the mathematical community.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904", "addressCountry": "US" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Programs", "description": "The mission of the Programs Department is to manage AMS programs, resources, and services that support the professional development of members of the mathematical community at training and career stages ranging from secondary school teachers and students through established researchers, educators, practitioners, and leaders.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904", "addressCountry": "US" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Headquarters", "description": "American Mathematical Society headquarters, providing overall leadership and administration.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904-2213", "addressCountry": "US" }, "contactPoint": [ { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-401-455-4000", "contactType": "Customer Service", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:00", "closes": "16:15" } }, { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-800-321-4267", "contactType": "Customer Service", "contactOption": "TollFree", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:00", "closes": "16:15" } } ], "faxNumber": "+1-401-331-3842" }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Mathematical Reviews (MathSciNet)", "description": "Mathematical Reviews and MathSciNet, providing comprehensive coverage of the world's mathematical literature.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "416 Fourth Street", "addressLocality": "Ann Arbor", "addressRegion": "MI", "postalCode": "48103-4816", "addressCountry": "US" }, "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-734-996-5250", "contactType": "Customer Service", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:00", "closes": "17:00" } }, "additionalProperty": { "@type": "PropertyValue", "name": "Mailing Address", "value": "P.O. Box 8604, Ann Arbor, MI 48107-8604, USA" } }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Office of Government Relations", "description": "The Office of Government Relations represents the interests of the mathematical community in Washington, D.C.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "700 Pennsylvania Avenue, SE, Suite 570", "addressLocality": "Washington", "addressRegion": "DC", "postalCode": "20003-2551", "addressCountry": "US" }, "contactPoint": [ { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-202-588-1100", "contactType": "Customer Service", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:30", "closes": "17:00" } }, { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-202-588-1853", "contactType": "Customer Service", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:30", "closes": "17:00" } } ] }, { "@type": "Organization", "name": "Office of the Secretary (Governance)", "description": "The Office of the Secretary manages the governance of the American Mathematical Society.", "address": { "@type": "PostalAddress", "streetAddress": "201 Charles Street", "addressLocality": "Providence", "addressRegion": "RI", "postalCode": "02904", "addressCountry": "US" }, "contactPoint": { "@type": "ContactPoint", "telephone": "+1-401-455-4082", "contactType": "Customer Service", "hoursAvailable": { "@type": "OpeningHoursSpecification", "dayOfWeek": [ "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday" ], "opens": "08:00", "closes": "16:15" } }, "faxNumber": "+1-401-331-3842" } ] } </script> <!-- end metadata --> <!-- CSS --> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/css/bootstrap.min.css"> <!-- Preload CSS for performance --> <link rel="preload" href="/css/2024BS5Final.css" as="style" onload="this.onload=null;this.rel='stylesheet'"> <!-- Fallback CSS link --> <noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/2024BS5Final.css"> </noscript> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/www-nav.css"> <!-- end CSS --> <!-- Fontawesome script --> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/2ad6d7fbd6.js" crossorigin="anonymous" defer></script> <!-- MathJax --> <script type="text/x-mathjax-config"> MathJax.Hub.Config({ tex2jax: { inlineMath: [['$','$'], ['\\(','\\)']], processEscapes: true } }); </script> <script src="/js/MathJax/MathJax.js?config=TeX-MML-AM_CHTML"></script> <!-- GDPR --> <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="/css/cookieconsent.min.css"> <script src="/js/cookieconsent.min.js"></script> <script> window.addEventListener("load", function(){ window.cookieconsent.initialise({ "palette": { "popup": { "background": "#edeff5", "text": "#000000" }, "button": { "background": "#4b81e8" } }, "theme": "classic", "position": "bottom-right", "content": { "message": "This website uses cookies to ensure you get the best experience on our website.", "href": "/privacy", "dismiss": "Okay", "link": "Learn more about our privacy policy" } })}); </script> </head> <body> <!-- Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <noscript><iframe src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/ns.html?id=GTM-P3772VN" height="0" width="0" style="display:none;visibility:hidden"></iframe></noscript> <!-- End Google Tag Manager (noscript) --> <input type="hidden" id="ams_class_id" value="350"> <div class="container-fluid"> <!--header content--> <header class="container-fluid"> <nav class="ams-nav ams-nav--quick" aria-label="quick"> <a href="#main" class="ams-nav__skiplink">Skip to main content </a> <a href="/" class="ams-nav__logo"> <span class="ams-nav__logo__inner"> <svg role="image" aria-label="American Mathematical Society Logo, to the homepage" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 350 92" width="350px" height="92px"><style>.amsLogoSVG{--logoPathColor: currentColor;fill:var(--logoPathColor);stroke:var(--logoPathColor);stroke-width:0.21}.blue{--logoPathColor:#0057b8}.orange{--logoPathColor:#e87722}.gray{--logoPathColor:#98a4ae}</style><path class="amsLogoSVG blue" d="M53.75 24.12c.63-1.73.85-2.06 1.17-2.06.31 0 .52.27 1.16 1.9.79 2 9.06 23.76 12.27 31.78 1.9 4.7 3.42 5.53 4.53 5.84.8.27 1.58.32 2.11.32.32 0 .52.05.52.32 0 .31-.47.42-1.05.42-.79 0-4.63 0-8.26-.1-1-.06-1.58-.06-1.58-.37 0-.2.16-.32.37-.37.31-.1.63-.58.31-1.42l-4.9-12.96c-.1-.2-.2-.32-.47-.32H48.62c-.27 0-.43.16-.52.43l-3.17 9.33a11.2 11.2 0 0 0-.74 3.52c0 1.06 1.1 1.53 2 1.53h.52c.37 0 .53.11.53.32 0 .31-.32.42-.8.42-1.25 0-3.52-.16-4.1-.16-.58 0-3.48.16-5.95.16-.68 0-1-.1-1-.42 0-.2.2-.32.47-.32.36 0 1.1-.05 1.53-.1 2.42-.32 3.47-2.32 4.42-4.97l11.96-32.73Zm5.48 21.1c.27 0 .27-.16.2-.37l-5-14.23c-.26-.78-.52-.78-.79 0l-4.62 14.23c-.11.27 0 .36.15.36zm65.09 10.69c.2 1.9.58 4.85 2.84 5.59 1.53.47 2.9.47 3.43.47.27 0 .43.05.43.27 0 .32-.48.47-1.1.47-1.17 0-6.85-.05-8.8-.2-1.21-.11-1.48-.27-1.48-.52 0-.21.1-.32.36-.37.27-.05.32-.94.21-1.9l-2.53-27.35h-.16l-12.9 27.4c-1.1 2.32-1.26 2.8-1.74 2.8-.36 0-.63-.52-1.63-2.43a895.97 896.81 0 0 1-6.16-12.22c-.47-.95-6.37-13.6-6.95-15.03h-.2l-2.12 24.46c-.04.85-.04 1.8-.04 2.7 0 .78.58 1.47 1.37 1.63.9.2 1.68.27 2 .27.2 0 .42.1.42.27 0 .36-.32.47-.95.47-1.95 0-4.47-.16-4.9-.16-.46 0-3 .16-4.41.16-.52 0-.9-.11-.9-.47 0-.16.27-.27.52-.27.42 0 .79 0 1.58-.16 1.73-.31 1.89-2.38 2.1-4.38l3.8-34.37c.04-.58.26-.94.58-.94.31 0 .52.2.79.79l16.11 33.15 15.48-33.1c.21-.47.43-.84.8-.84.35 0 .51.42.62 1.42l3.53 32.41zm12.74 6.06c-.74-.36-.78-.58-.78-2 0-2.63.2-4.74.26-5.59.05-.58.16-.85.43-.85.31 0 .36.16.36.58 0 .48 0 1.22.16 1.96.78 3.9 4.26 5.37 7.79 5.37 5.05 0 7.52-3.64 7.52-7.01 0-3.64-1.53-5.75-6.06-9.48l-2.37-1.96c-5.59-4.58-6.85-7.85-6.85-11.43 0-5.64 4.22-9.49 10.9-9.49 2.07 0 3.6.21 4.9.53 1 .2 1.42.26 1.84.26.43 0 .53.11.53.37 0 .25-.21 2-.21 5.59 0 .85-.11 1.21-.36 1.21-.32 0-.37-.27-.43-.68a9.06 9.06 0 0 0-.68-2.63c-.31-.57-1.73-2.79-6.58-2.79-3.63 0-6.48 2.27-6.48 6.11 0 3 1.37 4.9 6.42 8.85l1.48 1.17c6.22 4.9 7.7 8.17 7.7 12.38 0 2.16-.85 6.16-4.48 8.74a13.9 13.91 0 0 1-7.94 2.22c-2.48 0-4.9-.36-7.05-1.41z"/><path d="M40.98 77.17a1.22 1.22 0 1 0-1.33 2.05 1.22 1.22 0 0 0 1.33-2.05M9.86 52.27a3.78 3.78 0 1 0-6.35-4.11 3.78 3.78 0 0 0 6.35 4.11M13 56.2a3.35 3.35 0 1 0-3.65 5.62A3.35 3.35 0 0 0 13 56.2m5.23 7.34a2.91 2.91 0 1 0-3.17 4.88 2.91 2.91 0 0 0 3.17-4.88m5.93 5.52a2.5 2.5 0 1 0-2.72 4.2 2.5 2.5 0 1 0 2.72-4.2m6.1 3.92a2.07 2.07 0 1 0-2.25 3.49 2.07 2.07 0 0 0 2.25-3.49m5.65 2.48a1.62 1.63 0 0 0-2.27.48c-.5.77-.28 1.79.49 2.27.76.5 1.78.28 2.26-.48.5-.77.28-1.79-.48-2.27M7.74 42.14a4.2 4.21 0 1 0-7.07-4.57 4.2 4.21 0 0 0 7.07 4.57m-5.47-9.9a4.63 4.63 0 1 0 5.04-7.76 4.63 4.63 0 0 0-5.04 7.77" class="amsLogoSVG blue"/><path d="M27.22 65.4a1.2 1.2 0 0 0-1.51-.8 1.2 1.2 0 0 0-.8 1.5 1.22 1.22 0 0 0 2.32-.7m-7.86-39.12a3.78 3.79 0 1 0-2.22-7.24 3.78 3.79 0 0 0 2.22 7.24m-.11 5.04a3.34 3.35 0 1 0-6.4 1.95 3.34 3.35 0 0 0 6.4-1.95m-.7 9a2.92 2.92 0 1 0-5.59 1.72 2.92 2.92 0 0 0 5.59-1.73m1 8.04a2.5 2.5 0 1 0-1.67 3.1 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 1.66-3.1m2.16 6.94a2.07 2.07 0 1 0-3.95 1.21 2.07 2.07 0 0 0 3.95-1.2m2.72 5.52a1.64 1.64 0 1 0-3.13.96 1.64 1.64 0 1 0 3.13-.96m-.18-43.66a4.2 4.2 0 1 0-2.46-8.04 4.2 4.2 0 0 0 2.46 8.04m2.17-11.1a4.63 4.63 0 1 0 8.85-2.72 4.63 4.63 0 0 0-8.85 2.73" class="amsLogoSVG orange"/><path d="M24.8 48.77a1.21 1.21 0 0 0-.65-1.6 1.21 1.21 0 0 0-1.58.65 1.21 1.21 0 0 0 .64 1.59 1.21 1.21 0 0 0 1.59-.64m19.08-35a3.78 3.78 0 1 0 2.94-6.96 3.78 3.78 0 0 0-2.94 6.96m-3.3 3.78a3.36 3.36 0 0 0-6.16-2.62 3.36 3.36 0 0 0 6.15 2.62m-6.31 6.43a2.92 2.92 0 1 0-5.38-2.28 2.92 2.92 0 0 0 5.38 2.28m-4.4 6.8a2.5 2.5 0 1 0-4.6-1.94 2.5 2.5 0 0 0 4.6 1.94m-2.81 6.7a2.07 2.07 0 0 0-1.09-2.7 2.06 2.06 0 1 0 1.1 2.7m-1.46 6a1.65 1.65 0 0 0-.88-2.16 1.641.64 0 0 0-2.14.87 1.65 1.65 0 0 0 3.03 1.29M53.49 9.92a4.2 4.2 0 1 0 3.27-7.73 4.2 4.2 0 0 0-3.27 7.73m8.78-7.1a4.62 4.62 0 1 0 8.5 3.61 4.62 4.62 0 0 0-8.5-3.61" class="amsLogoSVG gray"/><path class="amsLogoSVG blue" d="m172.3 26.4.5-.02a19.79 19.8 0 0 0 1.7.06c.44 0 .51-.22.51-.35 0-.07-.02-.32-.4-.32h-.22c-.25 0-.64-.12-.64-.45 0-.36.1-.87.3-1.4l1.29-3.85c.02-.06.03-.06.05-.06h4.7l2.03 5.38c.05.12.06.24.03.3l-.03.03c-.25.07-.29.26-.29.33 0 .3.32.3.73.33h.1c.98.04 2.19.05 3.42.05.51 0 .62-.2.62-.35 0-.12-.05-.32-.4-.32-.2 0-.5-.02-.82-.12-.46-.13-1.03-.51-1.76-2.32-.94-2.35-2.94-7.58-4.14-10.7l-.94-2.43c-.25-.66-.37-.9-.64-.9-.26 0-.39.26-.64.97l-4.94 13.52c-.41 1.14-.81 1.82-1.69 1.93a5.57 5.58 0 0 1-.6.04c-.22 0-.38.13-.38.31 0 .36.44.36.6.36.69 0 1.45-.03 1.96-.05zm3.46-7.53 1.88-5.77 2.02 5.77h-3.91zm12.8 7.57c.35 0 .83-.02 1.2-.05l.42-.02h.33c.37.03.95.06 1.45.06.44 0 .52-.2.52-.35 0-.17-.18-.32-.33-.32-.14 0-.4-.02-.7-.1-.31-.08-.31-.29-.31-.36 0-.3 0-.64.02-.92l.7-7.85 1.47 3.07.75 1.53a159.93 160.08 0 0 0 2.24 4.3c.38.7.52.95.81.95.3 0 .44-.26.84-1.08l4.37-8.96.86 8.81c.04.27.02.42 0 .48a.33.33 0 0 0-.21.31c0 .3.4.35.7.38.71.07 2.86.1 3.28.1.35 0 .57-.13.57-.34 0-.19-.13-.32-.33-.32-.19 0-.66 0-1.18-.17-.62-.2-.78-.97-.86-1.76l-1.31-11.37c-.07-.55-.3-.66-.46-.66-.27 0-.4.27-.46.4l-5.42 11.16-5.62-11.18c-.17-.33-.41-.39-.56-.39-.2 0-.36.2-.4.49l-1.4 12.09-.02.18c-.07.67-.14 1.08-.56 1.15h-.07c-.23.05-.35.06-.47.06-.2 0-.37.13-.37.32 0 .13.06.35.5.35zm21.38-13.7.63.03c.5.08.58.26.63.86.05.59.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.81 0 3.24-.11 3.98v.06c-.1.54-.15.73-.35.77l-.23.03a1.9 1.9 0 0 1-.34.05c-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .12.06.33.49.33.25 0 .6-.02 1.11-.05l.81-.03c.3 0 .78 0 1.59.05h.44c.76.04 1.7.06 2.9.06.73 0 1.06 0 1.23-.6.1-.42.26-1.69.26-1.84 0-.4-.21-.46-.31-.46-.3 0-.34.28-.38.44-.1.73-.36.97-.76 1.14-.47.18-1.37.18-1.85.18-1.88 0-2.08-.23-2.11-1.3v-4.66c.47 0 2.34.02 2.82.08.74.09.8.3.84.45.07.2.07.39.07.55 0 .24.16.35.32.35.21 0 .35-.2.35-.52l.08-1.2c.03-.38.09-.64.12-.8a1 1 0 0 0 .04-.22c0-.23-.15-.33-.3-.33-.13 0-.21.1-.32.22l-.07.08c-.14.14-.35.17-.83.2-.3.04-1.79.04-3.11.04v-5.04c.45-.01 2.38 0 2.67.05 1.04.13 1.13.25 1.22.45.07.18.1.45.1.58 0 .39.25.42.32.42.19 0 .3-.17.35-.34a13.06 13.07 0 0 0 .13-1.23c.02-.32.07-.5.1-.65.03-.1.05-.17.05-.24 0-.27-.14-.35-.26-.35-.09 0-.17.04-.23.06l-.06.02-.12.03c-.19.02-.45.07-.74.08H212c-.44 0-1.28-.03-1.94-.03-.31 0-.48.1-.48.32 0 .17.17.33.32.33zm12.2 0 .63.03c.5.08.58.26.63.86.05.59.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.81 0 3.24-.11 3.98v.05c-.1.55-.15.73-.36.78-.16.03-.4.08-.55.08-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .12.07.33.49.33.5 0 1.48-.05 1.8-.06h.3c.4 0 1.34.06 2.15.06.45 0 .49-.26.49-.33a.32.32 0 0 0-.33-.33 6.1 6.1 0 0 1-.82-.08c-.45-.06-.55-.28-.61-.83-.09-.75-.09-2.17-.09-3.96v-.42l2.4.04q.06 0 .11.05l.79 1.03c.39.52.84 1.13 1.27 1.67 1.1 1.4 1.8 2.32 2.67 2.77.53.29 1.08.39 2.13.39h1.2c.22 0 .64 0 .64-.33a.34.34 0 0 0-.35-.33c-.1 0-.29 0-.65-.06-.5-.07-1.08-.27-2.03-1.24-1.04-1.08-2.27-2.63-3.72-4.42l-.17-.22c1.58-1.38 2.28-2.7 2.28-4.25 0-1.54-1.16-2.5-1.4-2.66a6.4 6.4 0 0 0-3.67-.84l-1.74.02-.65.02h-.3l-1.97-.04c-.31 0-.48.1-.48.33 0 .17.17.32.33.32zm3.32.5.01-.05a7.7 7.7 0 0 1 1.34-.11c1.96 0 3.12 1.3 3.12 3.45 0 1.23-.4 2.23-1.08 2.68-.4.28-.88.3-1.33.3-.88 0-1.8-.14-2-.25-.06-.04-.06-.06-.06-.1v-5.94zm12.64-.5c.12 0 .35.02.54.06.28.06.43.2.48.83.04.59.04 1.1.04 3.98v3.26c0 1.42 0 3.16-.1 4-.08.56-.14.77-.37.82-.16.03-.39.08-.54.08-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .12.06.33.48.33.43 0 1.13-.04 1.55-.05l.34-.01h.21c.4 0 1.36.06 2.18.06.45 0 .49-.26.49-.33a.33.33 0 0 0-.33-.33c-.16 0-.55-.03-.85-.08-.42-.06-.48-.27-.55-.83-.08-.75-.08-2.18-.08-3.99v-3.26c0-2.87 0-3.4.02-3.98.04-.63.14-.77.54-.86.2-.03.31-.03.45-.03.16 0 .32-.17.32-.33 0-.22-.16-.33-.48-.33l-1.63.04h-.61l-1.62-.04c-.31 0-.48.11-.48.33 0 .16.13.33.33.33zm9.22 11.92c1.58 1.38 3.63 2.02 6.42 2.02.73 0 2.53-.03 3.52-.42.4-.16.47-.27.59-.66a19.39 19.4 0 0 0 .46-2.42c0-.2-.15-.44-.35-.44-.28 0-.33.22-.38.41-.06.3-.3 1.07-.7 1.46-.68.69-1.55.82-3.02.82a6.54 6.55 0 0 1-6.72-6.52c0-1.65.2-3.36 1.66-4.7.88-.84 2.25-1.24 4.19-1.24 1.5 0 2.94.38 3.66.98.43.34.74 1.03.74 1.7 0 .2 0 .58.32.58.14 0 .37-.07.4-.56l.03-.92c0-.34 0-.7.02-.97l.06-.78.03-.29c0-.1-.04-.37-.42-.37-.52-.02-1.03-.11-1.6-.22l-.33-.06c-1-.16-2.11-.22-2.82-.22-2.59 0-4.53.67-5.96 2.04a7.51 7.52 0 0 0-2.2 5.17c0 2.37.8 4.26 2.39 5.63zm12.45 1.78c.52 0 1.13-.02 1.53-.05l.41-.01a21.13 21.15 0 0 0 1.71.06c.41 0 .46-.23.46-.33 0-.15-.1-.32-.38-.32h-.17c-.18 0-.47-.04-.47-.33 0-.3.1-.73.27-1.18l1.09-2.96.02-.03h4.43l1.72 4.24c.03.07.03.13.02.17a.15.15 0 0 1-.1.09l-.04.02c-.08.02-.2.08-.2.28 0 .27.32.28.7.3h.15c.86.04 1.94.05 3.03.05.53 0 .62-.2.62-.33 0-.2-.17-.32-.43-.32a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.7-.1c-.33-.11-.82-.26-1.53-1.93l-2.71-6.66c-.92-2.25-1.7-4.2-1.88-4.58l-.1-.23c-.14-.3-.25-.55-.52-.55-.26 0-.38.24-.61.84l-4.51 11.58c-.38.96-.73 1.5-1.47 1.59a4.4 4.4 0 0 1-.54.04c-.2 0-.35.15-.35.32 0 .22.18.33.54.33zm4.9-6.28 1.74-4.95 1.84 4.95zM276 26.44c.6 0 1.19-.04 1.54-.05l.31-.01.28.01c.36.03.97.05 1.75.05.43 0 .52-.18.52-.33a.33.33 0 0 0-.33-.32c-.2 0-.6-.03-.91-.11-.39-.1-.56-.4-.6-1.94l-.21-8.26 4.64 4.9c2.05 2.13 4.8 4.85 5 5.02 1.08 1 1.3 1.17 1.57 1.17.32 0 .32-.25.32-1.5l.05-10.84c0-1.17.06-1.34.53-1.43.21-.04.34-.04.43-.04.23 0 .4-.18.4-.35 0-.32-.39-.32-.53-.32-.53 0-.97.03-1.28.04h-.76c-.4-.01-1-.04-1.59-.04-.17 0-.54 0-.54.32 0 .2.13.35.32.35.15 0 .57.02.91.09.42.07.55.3.57 1.55l.18 8.81-.75-.78c-.93-1-2.21-2.37-3.46-3.65-1.98-2.03-3.87-4.03-5-5.22l-1.06-1.1-.08-.09c-.28-.29-.55-.53-.8-.53-.38 0-.43.53-.43 1.11v10.62c0 1.66-.07 2.03-.41 2.13-.25.09-.6.1-.73.1a.33.33 0 0 0-.32.32c0 .33.35.33.48.33zm-88.6 21.59c.03.32 0 .52 0 .6a.32.32 0 0 0-.25.32c0 .33.43.36.78.4.83.07 3.2.13 3.64.13.6 0 .65-.29.65-.37 0-.09-.04-.3-.35-.3-.21 0-.76 0-1.36-.18-.78-.25-.96-1.25-1.06-2.16L188 33.1c-.04-.3-.08-.75-.44-.75-.29 0-.4.28-.48.44l-6.24 13.34-6.5-13.35c-.1-.23-.22-.43-.48-.43-.08 0-.37.03-.41.54l-1.56 14.2v.08c-.1.88-.21 1.48-.73 1.57-.32.06-.45.06-.62.06-.23 0-.4.12-.4.3 0 .16.1.37.55.37.37 0 .93-.02 1.34-.05l.49-.02h.38c.44.03 1.1.06 1.64.06.14 0 .57 0 .57-.38 0-.16-.16-.29-.35-.29-.14 0-.44-.02-.79-.1a.52.52 0 0 1-.42-.5c0-.38 0-.76.02-1.1l.82-9.58a415.33 415.72 0 0 0 2.67 5.74l.1.2a356.2 356.54 0 0 0 2.44 4.84l.05.09c.44.82.54 1.02.79 1.02.3 0 .38-.18.73-.95l5.26-11.16.99 10.71zm17.05.52c.04.07.04.13.03.17a.15.15 0 0 1-.1.08l-.05.03c-.07.02-.2.08-.2.28 0 .26.32.27.71.3h.15c.86.04 1.94.05 3.03.05.53 0 .61-.2.61-.33 0-.2-.17-.33-.42-.33a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.7-.1c-.33-.1-.83-.25-1.53-1.92l-2.71-6.66c-.92-2.26-1.71-4.2-1.88-4.58l-.11-.23c-.13-.3-.24-.55-.51-.55s-.39.24-.62.84l-4.5 11.58c-.38.96-.73 1.49-1.47 1.59a4.4 4.4 0 0 1-.55.03c-.19 0-.35.16-.35.33 0 .22.18.33.55.33.52 0 1.12-.03 1.52-.05l.42-.01a21.13 21.15 0 0 0 1.7.06c.42 0 .47-.23.47-.33 0-.16-.1-.33-.38-.33h-.17c-.18 0-.47-.03-.47-.32 0-.3.1-.73.26-1.18l1.1-2.96.02-.04h4.42l1.72 4.25zm-2.17-5.36h-3.58l1.74-4.95zm14.52-6.83c1.8.04 2.08.44 2.13.86l.03.2c0 .17.03.5.32.5.17 0 .35-.15.35-.43 0-.09 0-.33.03-.63l.05-1.5c0-.1 0-.4-.27-.4l-.28.04-.29.05a8.97 8.97 0 0 1-1.34.09h-7.22c-.21 0-.94-.03-1.48-.09-.3-.04-.49-.1-.62-.16a.7.7 0 0 0-.25-.06c-.19 0-.26.2-.36.43l-.02.08-.12.56c-.2.9-.3 1.35-.3 1.47 0 .2.17.32.32.32.2 0 .32-.1.35-.27a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .3-.57c.24-.37.65-.49 1.79-.51l2.58-.04v7.6c0 1.8 0 3.23-.09 3.98-.07.58-.18.79-.43.85-.22.05-.4.08-.52.08a.3.3 0 0 0-.33.32c0 .22.16.33.48.33l1.66-.05.32-.01h.25c.44.02 1.34.06 2.12.06.45 0 .49-.26.49-.33a.32.32 0 0 0-.33-.33c-.17 0-.6-.05-.85-.08-.45-.07-.52-.3-.59-.83-.09-.75-.09-2.18-.09-3.99v-7.59l2.21.04zm20.62 12.77c0-.17-.12-.33-.35-.33a6 6 0 0 1-.82-.08c-.44-.06-.48-.26-.55-.83-.1-.83-.1-2.57-.1-3.99v-3.26c0-2.87 0-3.4.04-3.98.05-.65.16-.78.5-.86.23-.03.34-.03.46-.03.18 0 .35-.16.35-.33 0-.15-.09-.33-.51-.33l-1.54.04h-.6l-1.93-.04c-.32 0-.49.11-.49.33 0 .16.14.33.33.33l.63.03c.49.08.57.23.6.86a85 85 0 0 1 .06 4.02V41h-7.84v-.31c0-2.85 0-3.43.02-4.01.04-.64.13-.78.53-.87.21-.03.32-.03.45-.03.17 0 .33-.17.33-.33 0-.22-.16-.33-.49-.33l-1.6.04h-.56c-.44-.01-1.28-.04-1.92-.04-.31 0-.48.11-.48.33 0 .17.17.33.32.33l.63.03c.5.08.59.26.63.87.05.58.05 1.1.05 3.97v3.27c0 1.8 0 3.23-.1 3.97v.05c-.1.55-.15.73-.37.78-.16.03-.39.08-.55.08-.21 0-.32.17-.32.33 0 .12.06.33.48.33.43 0 1.14-.04 1.58-.05l.34-.01h.2c.4 0 1.34.06 2.17.06.45 0 .49-.26.49-.33a.33.33 0 0 0-.33-.33c-.16 0-.55-.03-.85-.08-.42-.06-.48-.27-.54-.83-.09-.75-.09-2.16-.09-3.94v-1.78h7.84v1.78c0 1.77 0 3.17-.08 3.92-.08.58-.14.79-.4.85-.21.05-.4.08-.51.08-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .22.16.33.48.33.42 0 1.18-.04 1.6-.05l.3-.01h.26c.44 0 1.32.06 2.12.06.49 0 .51-.28.51-.33zm11.96-2.52c-.3 0-.34.28-.38.43-.1.73-.36.97-.76 1.14-.47.19-1.37.19-1.85.19-1.88 0-2.07-.23-2.11-1.31V42.4c.47 0 2.34.02 2.82.08.74.09.8.3.84.45.07.2.07.4.07.55 0 .24.16.35.32.35.21 0 .35-.2.35-.52l.08-1.19c.03-.39.09-.64.12-.81a1 1 0 0 0 .04-.22c0-.23-.15-.33-.3-.33-.13 0-.21.1-.32.22l-.07.09c-.13.13-.35.17-.83.2-.3.04-1.79.04-3.1.04v-5.05c.44 0 2.37 0 2.66.05 1.04.14 1.14.26 1.22.45.07.18.1.45.1.58 0 .4.25.43.32.43.19 0 .3-.17.36-.34a13.06 13.07 0 0 0 .12-1.24c.02-.31.07-.5.1-.64.03-.1.05-.17.05-.24 0-.27-.14-.36-.26-.36-.09 0-.17.04-.23.06l-.06.03-.12.02c-.19.03-.45.08-.74.09h-4.85c-.44-.01-1.28-.04-1.94-.04-.31 0-.48.11-.48.33 0 .17.17.33.32.33l.63.03c.5.08.59.26.63.86.05.59.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.81 0 3.24-.1 3.98v.06c-.1.54-.15.73-.36.77l-.23.03c-.12.03-.24.05-.34.05-.22 0-.32.17-.32.33 0 .12.06.33.48.33.25 0 .6-.02 1.11-.05l.82-.03c.29 0 .77 0 1.58.05h.44c.76.04 1.7.06 2.9.06.73 0 1.06 0 1.23-.6.11-.42.27-1.69.27-1.84 0-.4-.22-.46-.32-.46zm22.2 2.2c-.19 0-.67 0-1.2-.18-.6-.2-.77-.97-.85-1.76l-1.31-11.37c-.07-.55-.3-.66-.46-.66-.27 0-.4.27-.46.4l-5.42 11.16-5.62-11.18c-.17-.33-.41-.39-.56-.39-.2 0-.36.2-.4.49l-1.39 12.09-.02.18c-.08.67-.15 1.08-.57 1.15h-.06c-.23.05-.35.06-.48.06-.2 0-.37.14-.37.32 0 .13.06.35.5.35.35 0 .83-.02 1.2-.05l.42-.02h.33c.37.03.95.06 1.45.06.44 0 .52-.2.52-.35 0-.17-.18-.32-.33-.32-.14 0-.4-.02-.7-.1-.31-.08-.31-.29-.31-.36 0-.3 0-.64.02-.92l.7-7.85 1.47 3.07.75 1.53a159.93 160.08 0 0 0 2.24 4.3c.38.7.52.95.81.95.3 0 .44-.26.84-1.08l4.37-8.96.86 8.81c.04.27.02.42 0 .48a.33.33 0 0 0-.21.31c0 .3.4.35.7.38.71.07 2.86.1 3.28.1.35 0 .57-.13.57-.34 0-.19-.13-.32-.33-.32zm16.28 0a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.7-.1c-.33-.11-.83-.26-1.53-1.93l-2.71-6.66c-.92-2.26-1.71-4.2-1.88-4.58l-.11-.23c-.13-.3-.24-.55-.51-.55s-.39.24-.62.84l-4.5 11.58c-.38.96-.73 1.49-1.47 1.59a4.4 4.4 0 0 1-.55.03c-.19 0-.35.16-.35.33 0 .22.18.33.55.33.52 0 1.12-.03 1.52-.05l.42-.01a21.13 21.15 0 0 0 1.7.06c.42 0 .47-.23.47-.33 0-.16-.1-.33-.38-.33h-.17c-.18 0-.47-.03-.47-.32 0-.3.1-.73.26-1.18l1.1-2.96.02-.04h4.42l1.72 4.25c.04.07.04.13.03.17a.15.15 0 0 1-.1.08l-.05.03c-.07.02-.2.08-.2.28 0 .26.32.27.7.3h.15c.86.04 1.94.05 3.03.05.54 0 .62-.2.62-.33 0-.2-.17-.33-.42-.33zm-5.91-5.62h-3.59l1.75-4.95zm17.14-8.21-.28.03-.29.05a8.97 8.97 0 0 1-1.34.09h-7.22c-.21 0-.94-.03-1.48-.09-.3-.03-.49-.1-.62-.16a.7.7 0 0 0-.25-.06c-.19 0-.26.21-.36.43l-.02.08-.12.56c-.2.9-.3 1.35-.3 1.47 0 .2.17.33.32.33.2 0 .32-.1.35-.28a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .3-.57c.24-.37.65-.49 1.79-.51l2.58-.04v7.6c0 1.8 0 3.23-.09 3.98-.07.59-.18.8-.43.85-.22.05-.4.09-.52.09a.3.3 0 0 0-.33.31c0 .22.16.33.48.33l1.66-.05.32-.01h.25c.44.02 1.34.06 2.12.06.45 0 .49-.25.49-.33a.32.32 0 0 0-.33-.33c-.17 0-.6-.04-.85-.08-.45-.07-.52-.3-.59-.82-.09-.76-.09-2.19-.09-4v-7.59l2.21.04c1.8.04 2.08.44 2.13.86l.03.2c0 .17.03.5.32.5.17 0 .35-.15.35-.43 0-.09 0-.33.03-.63l.05-1.5c0-.1 0-.4-.27-.4zm7.68 13.82c-.15 0-.54-.03-.85-.08-.42-.06-.48-.27-.54-.83-.09-.75-.09-2.18-.09-3.99v-3.26c0-2.87 0-3.4.03-3.98.03-.63.13-.77.53-.86.2-.03.32-.03.45-.03.17 0 .33-.17.33-.33 0-.22-.16-.33-.49-.33l-1.62.04h-.62l-1.61-.04c-.32 0-.48.11-.48.33 0 .16.13.33.32.33.12 0 .35.02.55.06.28.06.42.2.47.83.05.59.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.42-.01 3.16-.11 4-.07.56-.13.77-.36.82-.16.03-.4.08-.55.08-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .12.06.33.49.33.42 0 1.12-.04 1.55-.05l.34-.01h.2c.4 0 1.36.06 2.19.06.44 0 .48-.26.48-.33a.33.33 0 0 0-.33-.33zm15.68-3.04c-.28 0-.33.22-.38.41-.06.3-.3 1.07-.69 1.46-.69.69-1.56.82-3.02.82a6.54 6.55 0 0 1-6.73-6.52c0-1.65.2-3.36 1.66-4.7.89-.85 2.25-1.25 4.2-1.25 1.5 0 2.94.4 3.65.99.44.34.74 1.03.74 1.7 0 .2 0 .58.33.58.13 0 .36-.08.4-.56l.02-.92c0-.34 0-.7.03-.97l.06-.78.02-.29c0-.11-.04-.38-.41-.38-.52 0-1.03-.1-1.61-.21l-.33-.07c-1-.15-2.1-.21-2.81-.21-2.6 0-4.53.66-5.96 2.03a7.51 7.52 0 0 0-2.2 5.18c0 2.37.8 4.26 2.38 5.63 1.59 1.38 3.64 2.02 6.42 2.02.73 0 2.53-.03 3.53-.42.39-.16.46-.27.58-.65a19.39 19.4 0 0 0 .46-2.43c0-.2-.15-.44-.35-.44zm16.19 3.04a2.5 2.5 0 0 1-.7-.1c-.33-.1-.83-.25-1.53-1.92l-2.72-6.66c-.92-2.26-1.7-4.2-1.87-4.58l-.11-.23c-.14-.3-.25-.55-.51-.55-.27 0-.39.24-.62.84l-4.5 11.58c-.38.96-.73 1.49-1.47 1.59a4.4 4.4 0 0 1-.55.03c-.2 0-.35.16-.35.33 0 .22.18.33.55.33.52 0 1.12-.03 1.52-.05l.41-.01a21.13 21.15 0 0 0 1.71.06c.41 0 .46-.23.46-.33 0-.16-.1-.33-.37-.33h-.17c-.18 0-.47-.03-.47-.32 0-.3.1-.73.26-1.18l1.1-2.96.02-.04h4.42l1.72 4.25c.04.07.04.13.02.17a.15.15 0 0 1-.1.08l-.04.03c-.07.02-.2.08-.2.28 0 .26.32.27.7.3h.15c.86.04 1.94.05 3.03.05.53 0 .62-.2.62-.33 0-.2-.17-.33-.42-.33zm-5.92-5.61h-3.58l1.74-4.95zm16.98 3.33c-.2 0-.33.15-.38.4-.06.37-.21.72-.4.95-.4.46-1.16.5-2.18.5-1.4 0-2.15-.13-2.42-.4-.32-.28-.34-1.71-.34-4.02v-3.3c0-2.88 0-3.4.02-3.99.05-.64.15-.8.56-.88l.62-.04c.16 0 .33-.13.33-.31 0-.12-.06-.33-.49-.33l-1.78.04h-.62c-.42-.02-1.24-.04-1.9-.04-.31 0-.48.1-.48.33 0 .17.17.32.32.32l.63.04c.5.07.59.25.63.86.05.58.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.8 0 3.24-.1 3.98v.05c-.1.54-.15.73-.37.77-.16.04-.39.09-.55.09-.21 0-.32.17-.32.33 0 .12.06.32.48.32.3 0 .7-.02 1.12-.05.36-.02.69-.02.77-.02l1.52.02h.55c.91.07 1.98.09 3.34.09 1 0 1.2-.05 1.39-.63.16-.56.29-1.7.29-1.9 0-.4-.2-.47-.31-.47zM176.68 62.83l-.6-.48c-2.04-1.59-2.58-2.34-2.58-3.52 0-1.4 1-2.35 2.5-2.35 1.78 0 2.38.74 2.56 1.05.1.21.24.78.27 1.04.02.15.06.43.35.43.32 0 .32-.43.32-.68 0-1.16.05-1.84.08-2.13v-.17c0-.22-.14-.33-.4-.33-.15 0-.3-.01-.72-.1a8.34 8.34 0 0 0-2.06-.23c-2.8 0-4.69 1.65-4.69 4.1 0 1.5.5 2.89 2.9 4.87l.98.8c1.92 1.57 2.44 2.39 2.44 3.78 0 1.4-1 2.72-2.94 2.72-.78 0-2.66-.21-3.04-2.09-.06-.3-.06-.58-.06-.76 0-.11 0-.43-.32-.43-.3 0-.34.37-.36.52l-.02.26c-.04.43-.08 1.17-.08 2.06 0 .6.02.79.42.98.84.41 1.82.6 3 .6 1.32 0 2.49-.32 3.38-.94a4.69 4.7 0 0 0 1.93-3.76c0-1.7-.53-3.11-3.25-5.26zm13.51-4.96a7.54 7.54 0 0 0-7.78 7.41 7.25 7.25 0 0 0 7.67 7.46 7.63 7.63 0 0 0 7.87-7.74c0-4.41-3.12-7.13-7.76-7.13zm-.1 1.06c2.75 0 5.54 2.04 5.54 6.6 0 1.01-.24 6.08-5 6.08-3.52 0-5.87-2.74-5.87-6.82 0-3.67 1.99-5.86 5.33-5.86zm23.17 9.86c-.28 0-.33.22-.38.41-.06.3-.3 1.07-.69 1.46-.69.69-1.56.82-3.03.82a6.54 6.55 0 0 1-6.72-6.52c0-1.65.2-3.36 1.66-4.7.88-.85 2.25-1.25 4.2-1.25 1.5 0 2.94.4 3.65.99.44.34.74 1.03.74 1.7 0 .2 0 .58.33.58.13 0 .36-.08.4-.56l.02-.92c0-.34 0-.7.03-.97l.06-.78.02-.3c0-.1-.04-.37-.41-.37-.52 0-1.03-.1-1.61-.22l-.33-.06c-1-.15-2.1-.21-2.81-.21-2.6 0-4.53.66-5.96 2.03a7.51 7.52 0 0 0-2.2 5.18c0 2.37.8 4.26 2.38 5.63 1.59 1.38 3.63 2.02 6.42 2.02.73 0 2.53-.03 3.53-.42.38-.16.46-.27.58-.66a19.39 19.4 0 0 0 .46-2.42c0-.2-.15-.44-.35-.44zm8.77 3.04c-.16 0-.54-.03-.85-.08-.42-.06-.48-.27-.54-.83-.09-.75-.09-2.18-.09-3.99v-3.26c0-2.87 0-3.4.03-3.98.03-.63.13-.77.53-.86.2-.03.32-.03.45-.03.17 0 .33-.17.33-.33 0-.22-.16-.33-.49-.33l-1.62.04h-.62l-1.61-.04c-.32 0-.49.11-.49.33 0 .16.14.33.33.33.12 0 .35.02.55.06.28.06.42.2.47.83.05.59.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.42-.01 3.16-.11 4-.07.56-.13.77-.36.82-.16.03-.4.08-.55.08-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .12.06.33.49.33.42 0 1.12-.04 1.55-.05l.34-.01h.2c.4 0 1.36.06 2.18.06.45 0 .49-.26.49-.33a.33.33 0 0 0-.33-.33zm12.3-2.2c-.3 0-.34.29-.38.44-.1.73-.36.97-.76 1.14-.47.19-1.37.19-1.85.19-1.88 0-2.08-.23-2.11-1.31v-4.66c.47 0 2.34.02 2.82.08.74.09.8.3.84.45.07.2.07.4.07.55 0 .24.16.35.32.35.21 0 .35-.2.35-.52l.08-1.19c.03-.39.09-.64.12-.81a1 1 0 0 0 .04-.22c0-.23-.15-.33-.3-.33-.13 0-.21.1-.32.22l-.07.09c-.13.13-.35.16-.83.2-.3.04-1.79.04-3.1.04v-5.05c.44 0 2.37 0 2.66.05 1.04.13 1.14.26 1.22.45.07.18.1.45.1.58 0 .39.25.43.32.43.19 0 .3-.17.36-.34a13.06 13.07 0 0 0 .12-1.24c.02-.32.07-.5.1-.64.03-.1.05-.17.05-.25 0-.26-.14-.35-.26-.35-.09 0-.17.04-.23.06l-.06.03-.12.02c-.19.03-.45.07-.74.09h-4.85a50.8 50.8 0 0 0-1.94-.04c-.31 0-.48.11-.48.33 0 .17.17.33.32.33l.63.03c.5.07.59.26.63.86.05.59.05 1.1.05 3.98v3.26c0 1.81 0 3.24-.1 3.98v.06c-.1.53-.15.73-.36.77l-.23.03c-.12.03-.24.05-.34.05-.22 0-.32.17-.32.33 0 .12.06.33.48.33.25 0 .6-.02 1.11-.05l.82-.03c.29 0 .77 0 1.58.05h.44c.76.04 1.7.06 2.9.06.73 0 1.06 0 1.23-.6.11-.42.27-1.7.27-1.84 0-.4-.22-.46-.32-.46zm14.4-11.62-.27.03-.3.05a8.97 8.97 0 0 1-1.34.09h-7.22c-.2 0-.93-.03-1.48-.09-.3-.03-.48-.1-.62-.16a.7.7 0 0 0-.25-.06c-.18 0-.26.21-.35.43l-.03.08-.12.56c-.2.9-.29 1.35-.29 1.47 0 .2.16.33.32.33.2 0 .31-.1.35-.28a2.5 2.5 0 0 1 .29-.57c.24-.37.65-.49 1.8-.51l2.57-.04v7.6c0 1.8 0 3.23-.08 3.98-.07.58-.18.8-.44.85-.22.05-.4.09-.52.09a.3.3 0 0 0-.33.31c0 .22.16.33.49.33l1.66-.05.31-.01h.26c.43.02 1.33.06 2.12.06.45 0 .48-.26.48-.33a.32.32 0 0 0-.32-.33c-.17 0-.6-.04-.85-.08-.45-.07-.52-.3-.6-.83-.08-.75-.08-2.18-.08-3.98v-7.6l2.2.04c1.8.04 2.09.44 2.14.86l.02.2c.01.16.04.5.33.5.17 0 .35-.15.35-.43 0-.09 0-.33.02-.63l.05-1.5c0-.1 0-.4-.26-.4zm14.9.12-1.34.02-.54.01h-.32l-1-.04c-.43 0-.49.18-.49.29 0 .18.16.32.41.39.1.02.19.07.19.3 0 .23-.1.52-.3.87l-.78 1.32a123.7 123.7 0 0 0-2.2 3.78l-3.33-5.5-.02-.06c-.11-.2-.2-.39-.2-.58 0-.04 0-.09.11-.13.22-.09.43-.17.43-.37 0-.31-.33-.31-.44-.31-.52 0-1.06.02-1.4.03h-.68l-1.47-.03c-.36 0-.42.2-.42.31 0 .2.17.35.37.35.12 0 .46.08.7.23.3.21.76.6 1.22 1.3.65.97 3.23 5.08 3.38 5.36.26.5.39.84.39 1.8v1.6c0 .29 0 1.08-.05 1.83-.05.62-.2.77-.44.82-.22.05-.4.09-.52.09-.22 0-.33.17-.33.33 0 .21.16.32.49.32.41 0 1.17-.03 1.57-.05h.55c.43.02 1.35.05 2.15.05.36 0 .49-.18.49-.32a.33.33 0 0 0-.33-.33c-.17 0-.6-.05-.85-.09-.4-.06-.54-.25-.59-.8-.06-.76-.06-1.55-.06-1.84v-1.92c0-.48-.02-.94.23-1.44.4-.79 3.09-5.14 3.7-5.85.4-.5.56-.67.9-.87.27-.14.6-.22.8-.22.26 0 .43-.2.43-.37 0-.18-.17-.3-.43-.3z"/><path d="M53.91 80.72h1.31l1.7 8.82h-1.34l-.46-2.3h-4.08l-1.44 2.3h-1.26zm-2.29 5.53h3.33l-.7-4.32-2.62 4.32zm12.59-5.52h1.15l-1.66 7.83-.16.98H62.4l.18-.98c-.13.17-.31.42-.67.64a3.3 3.3 0 0 1-1.62.45c-.8 0-2.54-.43-1.97-3.12.5-2.33 2.03-3.35 3.48-3.35 1.32 0 1.6.78 1.68 1.05l.74-3.5zm-1.26 3.96c-.18-.32-.57-.62-1.22-.62-1.69 0-2.11 2.04-2.2 2.45-.23 1.09-.21 2.34 1.2 2.34 1.8 0 2.22-1.99 2.32-2.46.18-.89.08-1.39-.1-1.71zm2.97-1.28h1.28l.92 4.87 2.95-4.87h1.27l-3.99 6.13H67.2l-1.26-6.13zm10.14 6.13a3.03 3.03 0 0 1 .08-.92 2.49 2.49 0 0 1-2.12 1.11c-1.4 0-2-.79-1.78-1.8.11-.49.44-1.28 1.46-1.8.74-.36 1.72-.4 2.2-.4.3 0 .47.01.83.04.15-.76.23-1.1.06-1.36-.16-.3-.65-.4-.99-.4-1.16 0-1.39.79-1.45 1.04H73.2c.1-.31.23-.74.67-1.16a3.31 3.31 0 0 1 2.12-.66c.88 0 1.78.28 1.97.9.12.36.07.65.01.95L77.31 88c-.03.1-.18.91-.23 1.54h-1.04zm-.15-3c-.46 0-2.2 0-2.47 1.24-.08.39 0 1.07 1.04 1.07.59 0 1.08-.23 1.46-.66.34-.41.42-.75.63-1.61a4.85 4.85 0 0 0-.64-.04zm4.38-2.42.14-.7h1.15l-.2.99c.2-.26.81-1.12 2.2-1.12.55 0 2.17.2 1.77 2.09l-.87 4.16H83.3l.83-3.9c.08-.4.1-.76-.11-1.05-.23-.28-.6-.41-1-.41-.83 0-1.73.6-2 1.83l-.73 3.53h-1.15zm10.62 1.26c.04-.28.17-1.29-.94-1.29-1.59 0-1.98 1.85-2.07 2.3-.27 1.27-.22 2.43 1 2.43.98 0 1.47-.72 1.61-1.33h1.17a2.98 2.98 0 0 1-2.95 2.2c-.4 0-1.34-.1-1.84-.8-.28-.42-.5-1.07-.23-2.34.53-2.54 2.25-3.3 3.48-3.3.4 0 1.3.08 1.72.75.34.52.26 1.03.22 1.37H90.9zm3.06-1.97h1.15l-1.31 6.13h-1.15zm.43-2.66h1.38L95.52 82h-1.38zm2.81 3.37.15-.7h1.15l-.2.99c.19-.26.8-1.12 2.2-1.12.54 0 2.17.2 1.77 2.09l-.87 4.16h-1.18l.82-3.9c.09-.4.11-.76-.1-1.05a1.28 1.28 0 0 0-1.01-.41c-.82 0-1.72.6-1.99 1.83l-.74 3.53h-1.15zm7.27 5.9c-.1.67.09 1.2 1.18 1.2 1.6 0 1.86-1.17 2.22-2.83-.7 1.01-1.87 1.04-2.23 1.04-.56 0-1.35-.12-1.72-.75-.4-.62-.4-1.45-.22-2.26.45-2.07 1.88-3.1 3.38-3.1 1.23 0 1.56.62 1.73.93l.2-.84h1.1l-.26 1.12-.8 3.83c-.32 1.48-.5 2.08-.85 2.54-.71.98-1.93 1.1-2.78 1.1-2.45 0-2.28-1.15-2.15-1.98h1.23zm3.1-2.06c.32-.31.56-.64.8-1.76.15-.76.08-1.21-.15-1.52a1.47 1.47 0 0 0-1.21-.54c-1.46 0-1.97 1.47-2.12 2.25-.21.94-.19 2.18 1.22 2.18a1.9 1.9 0 0 0 1.46-.6zm7.84-3.3c.09-.4.16-.83.21-1.25h1.16l-.23 1.2a2.2 2.2 0 0 1 1.72-1.22c.35-.05.6-.04.8-.02l-.24 1.12-.2-.05h-.33c-1.36 0-1.84.8-2.06 1.85l-.7 3.26h-1.16l1.05-4.89zm4.95 2.03c-.3 1.27.02 2.2 1.28 2.2.74 0 1.43-.38 1.71-1.27h1.15c-.1.3-.25.8-.79 1.29a3.27 3.27 0 0 1-2.27.81c-1.93 0-2.59-1.2-2.19-3.14.26-1.21.72-2.2 1.83-2.89a3.38 3.38 0 0 1 1.76-.45c2.75 0 2.17 2.43 1.94 3.44h-4.4zm3.4-.81c.14-.59.28-1.81-1.14-1.81-.74 0-1.74.45-2.04 1.8zm3.12 1.84c-.11.46-.02 1.11 1.1 1.11.47 0 .85-.08 1.16-.38.16-.16.28-.37.32-.57.13-.6-.28-.7-1.15-.92-1.23-.3-2.23-.55-1.97-1.84.23-1.12 1.37-1.85 2.79-1.85.76 0 1.8.22 2.01.96.09.34.02.63-.04.88h-1.17c.23-.92-.55-1-.97-1-.17 0-1.25 0-1.44.87-.11.56.4.69.7.77 1.61.4 1.95.5 2.24.84.27.32.3.74.22 1.14a2.42 2.43 0 0 1-1.16 1.55c-.6.33-1.28.42-1.9.42-1.25 0-2.3-.51-1.97-2h1.21zm6.36-1.03c-.3 1.27.02 2.2 1.28 2.2a1.7 1.7 0 0 0 1.7-1.27h1.16c-.1.3-.25.8-.79 1.29a3.27 3.27 0 0 1-2.28.81c-1.92 0-2.58-1.2-2.18-3.14.26-1.21.72-2.2 1.83-2.89a3.38 3.38 0 0 1 1.76-.45c2.75 0 2.17 2.43 1.94 3.44h-4.4zm3.4-.81c.13-.59.28-1.81-1.14-1.81-.74 0-1.74.45-2.05 1.8zm5.8 3.66a3.03 3.03 0 0 1 .09-.92 2.49 2.49 0 0 1-2.12 1.11c-1.4 0-2-.79-1.78-1.8a2.6 2.6 0 0 1 1.45-1.8c.74-.36 1.72-.4 2.2-.4.3 0 .48.01.83.04.16-.76.23-1.1.06-1.36-.16-.3-.64-.4-.98-.4-1.16 0-1.4.79-1.45 1.04h-1.15c.1-.31.23-.74.66-1.16a3.33 3.33 0 0 1 2.12-.66c.89 0 1.78.28 1.98.9.12.36.07.65 0 .95L143.7 88c-.02.1-.18.91-.23 1.54h-1.04zm-.15-3c-.46 0-2.2 0-2.47 1.24-.09.39 0 1.07 1.04 1.07.58 0 1.08-.23 1.45-.66.34-.41.43-.75.63-1.61a4.85 4.85 0 0 0-.64-.04zm4.3-1.88c.08-.4.16-.83.2-1.25h1.17l-.23 1.2a2.2 2.2 0 0 1 1.72-1.22c.35-.05.6-.04.8-.02l-.25 1.12-.2-.05h-.33c-1.36 0-1.84.8-2.06 1.85l-.69 3.26h-1.16l1.04-4.89zm8 .72c.04-.28.18-1.29-.94-1.29-1.59 0-1.97 1.85-2.07 2.3-.27 1.27-.22 2.43 1 2.43.99 0 1.47-.72 1.62-1.33h1.16a2.98 2.98 0 0 1-2.94 2.2c-.42 0-1.35-.1-1.85-.8-.27-.42-.5-1.07-.23-2.34.54-2.54 2.26-3.3 3.48-3.3.4 0 1.31.08 1.72.75.34.52.27 1.03.22 1.37h-1.16zm2.99-4.65h1.16l-.75 3.58a2.85 2.85 0 0 1 2.2-1.02c.65 0 1.53.23 1.72.98.07.25.09.54-.1 1.44l-.8 3.83h-1.18l.76-3.63c.13-.54.37-1.73-.95-1.73-.85 0-1.4.52-1.61.81a3.27 3.27 0 0 0-.46 1.3l-.7 3.25h-1.16zm5.81 7.34h1.36l-.32 1.47h-1.35zm13.22-4.96c0-.3.12-1.53-1.57-1.53-2.12 0-2.97 2.17-3.29 3.64-.35 1.66-.25 3.46 1.76 3.46.53 0 1.08-.14 1.54-.52.39-.34.54-.72.62-.93h1.34c-.54 1.74-2.29 2.45-3.8 2.45-3.1 0-3.13-2.72-2.77-4.43.4-1.86 1.71-4.64 4.85-4.64 1.25 0 2.9.5 2.62 2.5h-1.31zm2.56 1.55c.08-.4.16-.83.2-1.25h1.17l-.23 1.2a2.2 2.2 0 0 1 1.72-1.22c.35-.05.6-.04.8-.02l-.25 1.12-.2-.05h-.33c-1.36 0-1.84.8-2.06 1.85l-.69 3.26h-1.16l1.04-4.89zm4.95 2.03c-.29 1.27.03 2.2 1.29 2.2a1.7 1.7 0 0 0 1.7-1.27h1.16c-.1.3-.26.8-.8 1.29a3.27 3.27 0 0 1-2.27.81c-1.92 0-2.58-1.2-2.18-3.14.26-1.21.72-2.2 1.83-2.89a3.38 3.38 0 0 1 1.76-.45c2.74 0 2.17 2.43 1.94 3.44h-4.4zm3.4-.81c.13-.59.27-1.81-1.14-1.81-.74 0-1.75.45-2.05 1.8zm5.8 3.66a3.03 3.03 0 0 1 .08-.92 2.49 2.49 0 0 1-2.12 1.11c-1.4 0-2-.79-1.78-1.8.11-.49.44-1.28 1.46-1.8.74-.36 1.72-.4 2.2-.4.3 0 .47.01.83.04.15-.76.23-1.1.06-1.36-.16-.3-.65-.4-.99-.4-1.16 0-1.39.79-1.45 1.04h-1.15c.1-.31.23-.74.67-1.16a3.31 3.31 0 0 1 2.12-.66c.88 0 1.78.28 1.97.9.12.36.07.65 0 .95l-.66 2.93c-.03.1-.19.91-.24 1.54h-1.04zm-.15-3c-.46 0-2.2 0-2.47 1.24-.08.39.01 1.07 1.04 1.07.59 0 1.08-.23 1.46-.66.34-.41.42-.75.63-1.61a4.85 4.85 0 0 0-.64-.04zm3.57-3.15h1.09l.26-1.29 1.23-.36-.35 1.65h1.36l-.18.84h-1.37l-.77 3.67c-.06.3-.17.81.64.81.23 0 .46-.03.56-.06l-.18.89a5.9 5.9 0 0 1-.96.07c-1.06 0-1.5-.3-1.29-1.3l.86-4.1h-1.09l.19-.83zm5.01.02h1.15l-1.3 6.13h-1.16zm.44-2.66h1.38L203.3 82h-1.38zm2.8 3.37.15-.7h1.16l-.21.99c.2-.26.81-1.12 2.2-1.12.55 0 2.17.2 1.77 2.09l-.87 4.16h-1.17l.82-3.9c.08-.4.1-.76-.1-1.05a1.32 1.32 0 0 0-1.02-.41c-.82 0-1.72.6-1.98 1.83l-.74 3.53h-1.15zm7.28 5.9c-.1.67.08 1.2 1.17 1.2 1.6 0 1.87-1.17 2.22-2.83-.7 1.01-1.86 1.04-2.23 1.04-.56 0-1.34-.12-1.72-.75-.39-.62-.39-1.45-.22-2.26.45-2.07 1.88-3.1 3.38-3.1 1.24 0 1.57.62 1.74.93l.19-.84h1.11l-.26 1.12-.81 3.83c-.32 1.48-.5 2.08-.85 2.54-.72.98-1.94 1.1-2.78 1.1-2.44 0-2.27-1.15-2.14-1.98h1.22zm3.09-2.06c.31-.31.56-.64.79-1.76.15-.76.08-1.21-.15-1.52a1.47 1.47 0 0 0-1.21-.54c-1.46 0-1.96 1.47-2.12 2.25-.2.94-.18 2.18 1.22 2.18.67 0 1.12-.24 1.47-.6zm11.1-2.58c.04-.28.18-1.29-.94-1.29-1.58 0-1.97 1.85-2.07 2.3-.27 1.27-.22 2.43 1 2.43.99 0 1.47-.72 1.62-1.33h1.16a2.98 2.98 0 0 1-2.94 2.2c-.41 0-1.35-.1-1.84-.8-.28-.42-.5-1.07-.23-2.34.53-2.54 2.25-3.3 3.47-3.3.4 0 1.31.08 1.72.75.34.52.27 1.03.22 1.37h-1.16zm5.73-2.12c2.44 0 2.59 1.92 2.32 3.21-.38 1.8-1.72 3.29-3.8 3.29-2.09 0-2.72-1.41-2.33-3.2.32-1.52 1.4-3.3 3.8-3.3zm-1.28 5.64c.87 0 2-.62 2.38-2.47.33-1.52-.2-2.32-1.28-2.32-.73 0-2.02.46-2.43 2.37-.26 1.26.03 2.42 1.33 2.42zm5.92-4.78.14-.7h1.15l-.2.99c.2-.26.81-1.12 2.2-1.12.55 0 2.17.2 1.77 2.09l-.88 4.16h-1.18l.83-3.9c.08-.4.1-.76-.11-1.05-.23-.28-.6-.41-1-.41-.83 0-1.73.6-2 1.83l-.73 3.53h-1.16l1.16-5.42zm7.45 0 .14-.7h1.16l-.21.99c.2-.26.81-1.12 2.2-1.12.55 0 2.17.2 1.77 2.09l-.88 4.16h-1.18l.83-3.9c.08-.4.1-.76-.11-1.05-.23-.28-.6-.41-1-.41-.83 0-1.73.6-2 1.83l-.73 3.53h-1.15l1.15-5.42zm7.57 2.57c-.29 1.27.03 2.2 1.29 2.2a1.7 1.7 0 0 0 1.7-1.27H256c-.1.3-.25.8-.78 1.29a3.27 3.27 0 0 1-2.28.81c-1.93 0-2.58-1.2-2.18-3.14.25-1.21.71-2.2 1.83-2.89a3.38 3.38 0 0 1 1.75-.45c2.74 0 2.17 2.43 1.94 3.44h-4.4zm3.4-.81c.14-.59.28-1.81-1.13-1.81-.74 0-1.75.45-2.05 1.8zm6.44-.5c.04-.28.17-1.29-.95-1.29-1.58 0-1.97 1.85-2.07 2.3-.26 1.27-.22 2.43 1 2.43.99 0 1.47-.72 1.62-1.33h1.16a2.98 2.98 0 0 1-2.94 2.2c-.41 0-1.35-.1-1.84-.8-.28-.42-.5-1.07-.23-2.34.53-2.54 2.25-3.3 3.47-3.3.4 0 1.31.08 1.72.75.34.52.27 1.03.22 1.37h-1.16zm2.1-1.99h1.09l.26-1.29 1.23-.36-.36 1.65h1.37l-.18.84h-1.37l-.77 3.67c-.06.3-.17.81.64.81.23 0 .46-.03.56-.06l-.18.89a5.9 5.9 0 0 1-.96.07c-1.06 0-1.5-.3-1.29-1.3l.86-4.1h-1.09l.19-.83zm5.01.02h1.15l-1.3 6.13h-1.16zm.44-2.66h1.38l-.27 1.26h-1.38zm5.62 2.5c2.45 0 2.6 1.93 2.33 3.22-.4 1.8-1.72 3.29-3.8 3.29-2.1 0-2.71-1.41-2.34-3.2.32-1.52 1.41-3.3 3.8-3.3zm-1.27 5.65c.86 0 1.98-.62 2.37-2.47.33-1.52-.2-2.32-1.28-2.32-.73 0-2.01.46-2.43 2.37-.26 1.26.03 2.42 1.34 2.42zm5.91-4.78.15-.7h1.15l-.21.99c.2-.26.81-1.12 2.2-1.12.55 0 2.17.2 1.77 2.09l-.88 4.16h-1.18l.83-3.9c.08-.4.1-.76-.11-1.05-.23-.28-.6-.41-1-.41-.83 0-1.73.6-2 1.83l-.73 3.53h-1.15l1.15-5.42zm7.32 3.6c-.11.46 0 1.11 1.1 1.11.47 0 .85-.08 1.16-.38.16-.16.28-.37.32-.57.13-.6-.28-.7-1.15-.92-1.23-.3-2.23-.55-1.97-1.84.23-1.12 1.37-1.85 2.8-1.85.75 0 1.78.22 2 .96.09.34.03.63-.03.88h-1.18c.23-.92-.54-1-.96-1-.17 0-1.24 0-1.44.87-.1.56.4.69.7.77 1.62.4 1.96.5 2.25.84.26.32.3.74.21 1.14a2.42 2.43 0 0 1-1.16 1.55 3.9 3.9 0 0 1-1.9.42c-1.25 0-2.3-.51-1.96-2h1.2zm5.27.35h1.36l-.32 1.47h-1.36z" class="amsLogoSVG gray"/></svg> </span> </a> <div class="ams-nav--quick__container"> <ul class="ams-nav--quick__list"> <li> <details id="nav-signin" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--quick__signin__summary ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Sign in <i class="fa-light fa-arrow-right-to-bracket" aria-hidden="true"></i></summary> <ul class="ams-nav--quick__signin__list"> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Register.aspx?_gl=1*164hf4g*_ga*OTgwODg1MjE0LjE2OTUzOTE1OTM.*_ga_26G4XFTR63*MTcxODcxMjQ3NS4yODkuMS4xNzE4NzEzNDA5LjAuMC4w">New to AMS?<br>Register now.</a></li> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/MyAccount.aspx">Your Account</a></li> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/MyAccount/PurchaseHistory.aspx">Your Purchases</a></li> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Giving/DonationHistory.aspx">Your Donations</a></li> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/MyAccount/DirectoryListing.aspx">Your Member Directory Listing</a></li> <li> <hr> </li> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Meetings/EventCalendar.aspx">Register for a Meeting</a></li> <li><a href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Membership/MemberDirectory.aspx">AMS Member Directory</a></li> </ul> </details> </li> <li><a href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/">MathSciNet</a></li> <li><a href="https://bookstore.ams.org/?_gl=1*zbr2c0*_ga*OTgwODg1MjE0LjE2OTUzOTE1OTM.*_ga_26G4XFTR63*MTcxODYyMjkzMC4yODguMS4xNzE4NjM0NDg5LjAuMC4w">Bookstore</a> </li> <li><a href="/cart">My Cart <i class="fal fa-shopping-cart" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li><a href="/custserv">Help <i class="fal fa-question-square" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="ams-nav--quick__list__search"> <script async src="https://cse.google.com/cse.js?cx=433170aa8883642d1"></script> <div class="gcse-searchbox-only">[Google Custom Search placeholder]</div> <!-- NOTE: GCSE creates form element--> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav aria-label="main" class="ams-nav ams-nav--main"> <details open data-js="mobileNav"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__button"> <span class="ams-nav--main__button__marker" aria-hidden="true"> <i class="fa fa-solid fa-bars"></i> <i class="fa fa-sharp fa-regular fa-xmark"></i> </span> Navigate the site </summary> <ul class="ams-nav--main__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Publications</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <div role="list" class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <div role="listitem" class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="./publications/"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Publications Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Over 100 years of publishing excellence</span> </div> <div> <div role="listitem"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="./book-series/">Books</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://bookstore.ams.org">Bookstore</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/arc/books/">Book Author Resources</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/submit-proposal/submit-proposal">Submit a Book Proposal</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/pubpermissions/">Rights, Licensing, Permissions</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div role="listitem" class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__col1"><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/open-math-notes">Open Math Notes</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/open-math-notes/omn-faq">Frequently Asked Questions</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div role="listitem"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/journals">Journals</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/journals#memberjournals">Member Journals</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/journals#research">Research Journals</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/journals#translation">Translation Journals</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/journals#distributed">Distributed Journals</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/open-access">Open Access Journals</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/policies">Guidelines and Policies</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="//arc/journals/index.html">Journal Author Resources</a></li> </ul> </div> <div role="listitem"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/librarian">Librarian Resources</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/ebooks/ebooks">eBook Collections</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/counter-compliant-usage-statistics">COUNTER Usage Statistics</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/cgi-bin/click_access/inquiry.pl">My Subscriptions</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/subscriberinfo">Subscription Information</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/journals-license">Licensing Information</a> </li> </ul> </div> <div role="listitem"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/math-reviews">Mathematical Reviews/MathSciNet®</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet">MathSciNet®</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathscinet.ams.org/mresubs/index.html">Reviewer Home</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mathsciprice">MathSciNet® Subscriptions</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Membership</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/membership"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Membership Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Welcome to your membership center</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Membership Choices</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link__membership" href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Membership/JoinAMS.aspx?_gl=1*1jqqdo7*_ga*OTgwODg1MjE0LjE2OTUzOTE1OTM.*_ga_26G4XFTR63*MTcxODk3NDc3MS4yOTMuMS4xNzE4OTc2MTQ4LjAuMC4w"><i class="fa fa-handshake" aria-hidden="true"></i> Join the Society</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link__membership" href="https://ebus.ams.org/ebus/Membership/RenewyourAMSMembership.aspx?_gl=1*1jqqdo7*_ga*OTgwODg1MjE0LjE2OTUzOTE1OTM.*_ga_26G4XFTR63*MTcxODk3NDc3MS4yOTMuMS4xNzE4OTc2MTQ4LjAuMC4w"><i class="fa fa-address-card" aria-hidden="true"></i> Renew your Membership</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link__membership" href="/givemembership"><i class="fa fa-gift" aria-hidden="true"></i> Gift a Membership</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/membership#indiv">Individual Membership</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/benefits">Member Benefits</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/cml">Member Directory</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mem-reciprocity">Reciprocating Societies</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mem-develop">Members in Developing Countries</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/institutional">Institutional Membership</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/institutional#domestic">Domestic Institutions</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/international-members">International Institutions</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/two-year">Two-Year Institutions</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/studentchapters">Graduate Student Chapter Program</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Other Member Types</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/corporate">Corporate Memberships</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mem-associates">Associate Memberships</a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Meetings & Conferences</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/meetings"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Meetings & Conferences Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Engage with colleagues and the latest research</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/national">National Meetings</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="http://jointmathematicsmeetings.org/">Joint Mathematics Meetings</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/national">Upcoming JMMs</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/national_past.html">Previous JMMs</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/lectures">Special Lectures</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/national#pep">Professional Enhancement Programs (PEPs)</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/sectional-index">Sectional Meetings</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/sectional.html">Upcoming Sectionals</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/sectional_past.html">Previous Sectionals</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/sectional-papers">Presenting Papers</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/hosting">Hosting Sectionals</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Other Meetings, Conferences & Workshops</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/coeminiconference">Education Mini-conference</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/international-index">International Meetings</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/calendar/mathcalendar.pl">Mathematics Calendar</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/short-course-general">Short Courses</a></li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Meetings Resources</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/suggestspeaker">Suggest a Speaker</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/meetings-grants">AMS Meetings Grants</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/abstracts">Submitting Abstracts</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/welcoming-environment-policy">Welcoming Environment Policy</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/https://mathsafe.org/mathsafe/mathsafe-home">MathSafe – supporting safe meetings</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">News & Outreach</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/publicoutreach"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> News & Outreach Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Explore news, images, posters, and mathematical essays</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/news">News from the AMS</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/news?class_id=1&expand=1&type=news">AMS News Releases</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/featurestories">Spotlight Stories</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/info-for-journalists">Information for Journalists</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/in-memory/in-memory">In Memory Of</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/">Math Voices</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/featurecolumn/">Feature Column</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/mathmedia/">Math in the Media</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/teachingandlearning/">Column on Teaching and Learning</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Explorations</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/edi-community">Recognizing Diverse Mathematicians</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/posters">AMS Posters</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/math-and-music">Mathematics & Music</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/math-imagery">Mathematical Imagery</a> </li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mathmoments">Mathematical Moments</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Grants & Awards</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/grants-awards"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Grants & Awards Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Resources and opportunities to further your mathematical pursuits</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Grants</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/travel-grants">Research & Travel Grants</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/meetings-child-care-grants">Child Care Grants for Meetings</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/emp-epsilon">Young Scholars Program Grants</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Honors & Awards</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/prizes-awards/palist.cgi">Prizes & Awards</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/ams-fellows">Fellows of the AMS</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/ams-fellowships">AMS Fellowships</a> <ul> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/bergman-fellow">Stefan Bergman Fellowship</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/Birman-fellow">Birman Fellowship for Women Scholars</a></li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/emp-centflyer">Centennial Fellowship</a></li> <li><a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/Claytor-Gilmer">Claytor-Gilmer Fellowship</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Learning & Careers</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/learning-careers"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Learning & Careers Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Resources to support advanced mathematics teaching and learning</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/students">For Students</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/high-school">High School</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/undergraduate">Undergraduate</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/graduate">Graduate</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/find-graduate-programs">Find Graduate Programs</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/emp-reu">Research Experience for Undergraduates (REUs)</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/leaders">For Faculty & Leaders</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/chairsworkshop">Department Chairs Workshop</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/teachingandlearning/">Column on Teaching & Learning</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://mathvoices.ams.org/mathmedia/">Math in the Media</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/emp-survey">Salary & Departmental Data</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Jobs</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/employment-services">Employment Services</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://www.mathjobs.org/">MathJobs</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/begin/">BEGIN Careers</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/profdev">Professional Development</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mrc">Mathematics Research Communities</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/opportunities">Mathematical Opportunities Listing</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="https://www.mathprograms.org/">MathPrograms</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Government Relations</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/government"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Government Relations Home</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Advocating for the mathematical sciences</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Elevating Mathematics in Congress</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/letters-statements-legislation">Letters, Statements, & Legislation</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/dc-outreach">Congressional Briefings</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Legislative Priorities</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/dc-issues">Federal Issues of Concern</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/dc-budgetprimer">Federal Budget Process</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Get Involved</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/dc-prepare">Advocacy Resources</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="getinvolved-dc/">Take Action</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/Contact-Us">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">DC-Based Fellowships</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/ams-congressional-fellowship">Congressional Fellowship</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/massmediafellow">Mass Media Fellowship</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/dc-case-fellowship">Catalyzing Advocacy in Science & Engineering (CASE) Fellowship</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">Giving</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/support-ams"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> Giving to the AMS</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Your gifts make great things happen for mathematics</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/giving_op">What You Can Support</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/giving/2020Fund">The 2020 Fund</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/nextgen">Next Generation Fund</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/birman-fellowship-fund">Birman Fellowship for Women Scholars</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/child-care-grants">JMM Child Care Grants</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/support-mrc">Mathematics Research Communities</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/mdc">MathSciNet for Developing Countries</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/create-a-legacy">Create a Legacy</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/in-honor-of">Make a Tribute Gift</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/named-endowed-funds">Create a Permanent Fund</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/establish-prize-award">Establish a Prize, Award or Fellowship</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/including-the-ams-in-your-will">Bequests and Charitable Estate Planning</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/honoring">Honoring Your Gift</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/donorstories">Donor Stories</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/donor-wall">Donor Wall of Honor</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/fiske-society">Thomas S. Fiske Society</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/gift-society">AMS Contributors Society</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/ams-gardens">AMS Gardens</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/giving-resources">Giving Resources</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/committees/comm-all.html#DEVELOP">AMS Development Committee</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/giftacceptance">AMS Gift Acceptance Policy</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/contactus">Contact Us</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> <li class="ams-nav--main__list__item"> <details name="megamenu" data-js="autoclose" class="ams-nav__animated-details"> <summary class="ams-nav--main__level1__button ams-nav__animated-details--summary__marker">About the AMS</summary> <div class="ams-nav--main__level1"> <ul class="ams-nav--main__level1__list"> <li class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title"> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/about"><i class="fa-duotone fa-house" aria-hidden="true"></i> About the AMS</a> <span class="ams-nav--main__level1__list__title__tagline">Advancing research. Connecting the mathematics community</span> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Our Organization</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/exec-staff">Executive Staff</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/diversity">Equity, Diversity, & Inclusion</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/ams-jobs">Jobs at AMS</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/reach"> Contact Us</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/custserv">Customer Service</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title" href="/governance/governance">Our Governance</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/officers">Officers</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/member-board">Board of Trustees</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/member-council">Council</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/exec-comm/ec">Executive Committee</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/presidents">Presidents</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/gov-committees">Committees</a> </li> </ul> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link ams-nav--main__level1__link--title">Governance Operations</a> <ul> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/bylaws">By-Laws</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/election-info">Elections</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/sec-governancemeetings">Calendar of Meetings</a> </li> <li> <a class="ams-nav--main__level1__link" href="/sec-ams-policystatements">Policy Statements & Guidelines</a> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </details> </li> </ul> </details> </nav> <!-- js for new nav - PK --> <script src="/js/www-nav.js"></script> </header> <!--end header content--> </div> <main class="container" id="main"> <div class="row g-5 mt-2" id="maincontent"> <!-- site alert --> <script src="/js/alert.js"></script> <link href="/css/alert.css" rel="stylesheet preload" as="style"> <span id="amsAlerts" style="margin-top: 0px"></span> <span id="alertSnippet" style="display:none"> <span class="amsAlert" id="alert-ams-day" alerttype="Attention" alertactive="true" alertpersist="true" alertstart="2024-11-29T00:00:00" alertend="2024-12-02T00:00:00" alerttitle="">AMS members, we celebrate you on AMS Day! Check out the <a href="/ams-day" style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration: underline;">exclusive offers</a> available December 2, 12 a.m. - 11:59 p.m. ET!</span> <span class="amsAlert" id="alert-ams-day-now" alerttype="Attention" alertactive="true" alertpersist="true" alertstart="2024-12-02T00:00:00" alertend="2024-12-03T00:00:00" alerttitle="">Today is AMS Day! Check out the <a href="/ams-day" style="font-weight:bold; text-decoration: underline;">exclusive offers</a> available to AMS members, now through 11:59 p.m. ET!</span> </span> <!-- end site alert --> <!-- center column --> <div class="col-12 col-md-10"> <header> <h1>AMS Mass Media Fellowship</h1> <p class="lead">The American Mathematical Society (AMS) sponsors a Mass Media Fellow each summer through the <a href="https://www.aaas.org/programs/mass-media-science-engineering-fellows/about">Mass Media Science & Engineering Fellowship program</a> organized by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS). The fellowship program places science students and postdoctoral trainees in newsrooms to work as reporters, editors and production assistants. This program is designed to improve public understanding of science and technology by placing advanced science, mathematics and engineering students in newsrooms nationwide.</p> </header> <p>Applicants must be a) enrolled as students (upper level undergraduate or graduate); b) be a postdoctoral trainee; or c) apply within one year of the completion of a) or b). Applicants must be in the life, physical, health, engineering, computer or social sciences or mathematics and related fields with outstanding written and oral communication skills and a strong interest in learning about the media. In its 50 year history, the program has supported nearly 900 fellows.</p> <aside> <div class="col-md-4 float-end pullquote"> <figure><img alt="Maxine Calle" class="float-end img-fluid ms-5" src="/images/MaxineCallePhoto-thumb.jpg" /></figure> </div> </aside> <figcaption><q>I believe that mathematical literacy, and scientific literacy more generally, should never be a barrier to opportunity. As an AMS-AAAS Mass Media Fellow, I got to help bridge the gap between academics and the public and create an environment where science can be accessible and enjoyable for everyone.</q></figcaption> <footer>— <em>Maxine Calle, AMS Mass Media Fellow 2023</em></footer> <p> <br /> Fellows receive a stipend of US$10,000 for the summer, plus travel expenses to and from AAAS and media outlets, to work for ten weeks during the summer months as reporters, researchers, and production assistants in media organizations. They observe and participate in the process by which events and ideas become news, improve their ability to communicate about complex technical subjects in a manner understandable to the public, and increase their understanding of editorial decision making and of how information is effectively disseminated.</p> <p><strong>Applications for Summer 2026 will open October 1, 2025. </strong></p> <p> </p> <p> </p> <h2>Previous AMS Mass Media Fellows</h2> <ul class="list-unstyled"> <li><strong>2025: </strong>TBD</li> <li><strong>2024</strong>: <em>Max Springer</em>, University of Maryland. Assigned to Scientific American. See article <a href="https://www.ams.org/journals/notices/202502/noti3118/noti3118.html?adat=February%202025&trk=3118&pdfissue=202502&pdffile=rnoti-p222.pdf&cat=none&type=.html">"The Curious Nature of Science Communication: My Summer at Scientific American."</a> Notices of the AMS, February 2025.</li> <li><strong>2023: </strong><em>Maxine Calle</em>, The University of Pennsylvania. Assigned to The Conversation. See article <a href="https://www.ams.org/journals/notices/202402/noti2872/noti2872.html?adat=February%202024&trk=2872&galt=none&cat=interest&pdfissue=202402&pdffile=rnoti-p274.pdf">"Bringing Math into <em>The Conversation</em>: My Summer as a Mass Media Fellow." </a> Notices of the AMS, February 2024.</li> <li><strong>2022: </strong><em>Anuraag Bukkuri</em>, University of Florida and Moffit Cancer Center. Assigned to the Miami Herald. See article <a href="https://www.ams.org/images/Bukkuri.MassMedia2022NoticesArticle.Jan2023.pdf">"Math and Writing: Two Sides of the Same Coin?" </a>Notices of the AMS, January 2023.</li> <li><strong>2021: </strong><em>Tamar Lichter Blanks</em>, Rutgers University. Assigned to The Conversation. See article <a href="https://www.ams.org/cgi-bin/notices/amsnotices.pl?cat=fullissuetoc&trk=fullissuetoc202202&thispage=collectionnav&toc_listing_issue=202202&article_type=article&article_id=toclist&gallery_type=fullissue">"My Summer at The Conversation."</a> Notices of the AMS, February 2022.</li> <li><strong>2020</strong>: <em>Scott Hershberger</em>, Washington University in St. Louis. Assigned to Scientific American. See article<a href="https://www.ams.org/journals/notices/202101/rnoti-p122.pdf"> "Putting the People in Science: Beginning My Career as a Science Communicator."</a></li> <li><strong>2019: </strong><em>Leila Sloman</em> Stanford University. Assigned to Scientific American. See article<a href="https://www.ams.org/journals/notices/202001/rnoti-p88.pdf"> "My Summer as a Science Journalist."</a> Notices of the AMS, January 2020. See some of her articles <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/new-proof-solves-80-year-old-irrational-number-problem/">here</a>, <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/trapping-the-tiniest-sound/">here</a> and <a href="http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/earth-could-be-a-lens-for-a-revolutionary-space-telescope/">here</a>.</li> <li><strong>2018:</strong> <a href="http://preview.ams.org/government/dc-yen"><em>Yen Duong, </em>University of Illinois at Chicago.</a> Assigned to Raleigh News & Observer. See article <a href="https://www.ams.org/publications/journals/notices/201811/rnoti-p1453.pdf">"Making an Impact: Transitioning from Math PhD to Journalist."</a> Notices of the AMS, December 2018.</li> <li><strong>2017:</strong> <em>Benjamin Thompson</em>, Boston University. Assigned to Voice of America.</li> <li><strong>2016:</strong> <em>Kelsey Houston-Edwards</em>, Cornell University. Assigned to NOVA. Learn about her hosting the <a href="https://www.aaas.org/kelsey-houston-edwards-embarks-math-mission-youtube"> <q>Infinite Series</q></a> for PBS Digital Studios.</li> <li><strong>2015:</strong> <em>Rachel Crowell</em>, University of Missouri-Kansas City. Assigned to the <em>Oregonian</em>.</li> <li><strong>2014:</strong> <em>Joshua Batson,</em> Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Assigned to <em>WIRED</em> magazine. See article <a href="/notices/201501/rnoti-p68.pdf">"My summer at <em>WIRED</em> Magazine."</a> Notices of the AMS, January 2015.</li> <li><strong>2013</strong>: <em>Anna Haensch</em>,Wesleyan University. Assigned to National Public Radio. See article <a href="/notices/201311/rnoti-p1477.pdf">"My summer at NPR."</a> <em>Notices</em> of the AMS, December 2013</li> <li><strong>2012</strong>: <em>Evelyn Lamb</em>, Rice University. Assigned to Scientific American. See article <a href="/notices/201301/rnoti-p91.pdf">"My Summer at Scientific American."</a><em>Notices of the AMS</em>, January 2013</li> <li><strong>2011:</strong> <em>Melanie DeVries</em>, University of Nebraska-Lincoln. Assigned to KUNC-FM Radio in Greeley, CO.</li> <li><strong>2010:</strong> <em>Benjamin Pittman-Polleta</em>, University of Arizona. Assigned to the <em>Oregonian</em>. See article <a href="/notices/201101/rtx110100070p.pdf">"My Summer at the Oregonian."</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, January 2011.</li> <li><strong>2009:</strong> <em>Baldur Hedinsson</em>, Boston University. Assigned to <em>Milwuakee Journal Sentinel</em>.</li> <li><strong>2007</strong>: <em>Adriana Salerno</em>, University of Texas at Austin. Assigned to <em>Voice of America</em>. See article <a href="/notices/200802/tx080200249p.pdf">"My Summer at the Voice of America."</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, February 2008.</li> <li><strong>2006</strong>: <em>Brie Finegold</em>, University of California at Santa Barbara. Assigned to the <em>Scientific American</em>. See article <a href="/notices/200701/inside.pdf">"My Summer at Scientific American."</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, January 2007.</li> <li><strong>2005</strong>: <em>Brent Deschamp</em>, University of Wyoming. Assigned to WOSU-AM in Columbus, OH. See article <a href="/notices/200601/fyi.pdf">"My Summer at National Public Radio."</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, January 2006.</li> <li><strong>2004</strong>: <em>Lisa DeKeukelaere</em>, Brown University. Assigned to the <em>Scientific American</em>. See article <a href="/notices/200501/inside.pdf">"My Summer at Scientific American,"</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, January 2005.</li> <li><strong>2003</strong>: <em>Claudia Clark</em>, Northeastern University. Assigned to the <em>Voice of America</em>. See article <a href="/notices/200404/inside.pdf">"A Summer at Voice of America,"</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, April 2004.</li> <li><strong>2002</strong>: <em>Kathy Paur</em>, Harvard University. Assigned to the <em>Chicago Tribune</em>.</li> <li><strong>2001</strong>: <em>Rafe Jones</em>, Brown University. Assigned to Discovery Channel Online. See article <a href="/notices/200206/inside.pdf">"A Summer at Discovery.com,"</a> <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, June/July 2002.</li> <li><strong>2000</strong>: <em>Kathryn Leonard</em>, Brown University. Assigned to <em>Popular Science</em>. See article <a href="/notices/200108/inside.pdf">"A Summer at <em>Popular Science</em> Magazine"</a>, <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, September 2001. <em>Mary Ann Saadi</em>, University of Rhode Island. Assigned to <em>Business Week</em>.</li> <li><strong>1999</strong>: <em>Brian Allen</em>, Purdue University. Assigned to <em>TIME</em> Magazine's Washington DC bureau. See article, <a href="/notices/200009/inside.pdf">"A Summer at <em>Time</em> Magazine"</a>, <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, October 2000.</li> <li><strong>1998</strong>: <em>Edouard Servan-Schreiber</em>, University of California, Berkeley, spent the summer at National Geographic Television, Washington DC.<em>Elizabeth Veomett</em>, Oregon State University, spent her fellowship at <em>Business Week</em>, New York. See article <a href="/notices/199801/comm-veomett.pdf">"Experiences of AMS-AAAS Media Fellows"</a>, Liz Veomett and Ben Stein, <em>Notices of the AMS</em>, January 1998.</li> <li><strong>1997</strong>: <em>Benjamin Stein</em>, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, spent the summer at National Geographic Television, Washington DC.</li> </ul> <p>Several Mass Media Fellows contribute summaries of media coverage of mathematics in the monthly <a href="https://www.ams.org/mathmedia/">Math in the Media Digests.</a></p> <p>For more information, contact <a href="/cgi-bin/fmail/fmail.cgi?emailto=52616e646f6d49566fe2224f7f1ffe60b70af602aba61563de0e3d11db675b8d&name=AMS%20Governmentn%20Relations&subject=AMS%20-%20AAAS%20Mass%20Media%20Fellowship">AMS Government Relations</a></p> <!-- end content --> </div> <!-- / center column --> <!-- right column --> <div class="col-12 col-md-2"> <aside id="quicklinkscontainer"> <div id="quickLinks"> <h3>Quick Links</h3> <p class="quickLinkItem"> <a href="https://www.senate.gov/" onclick="_gaq.push(['_trackEvent','QuickLink', 'Find Your U.S. Senators', location.pathname]);"> Find Your U.S. Senators</a></p> <p class="quickLinkItem"> <a href="https://www.house.gov/representatives" onclick="_gaq.push(['_trackEvent','QuickLink', 'Find Your Representative', location.pathname]);"> Find Your Representative</a></p> </div> </aside> <aside id="newscontainer"> <script src="/js/ajax.js"></script> <script src="/content/js/news_calendar.js"></script> <div id="ams_news_calendar"></div> <div class="clearfix"><br></div> </aside> </div> <!-- / right column --> </div> </main> <section class="container-fluid"> <!--Footer--> <hr class="mx-auto"> <footer id="pagefooter" class="text-center"> <div class="container text-center"> <div class="row"> <!-- Contact Information --> <div class="col-12 mb-1"> <p> American Mathematical Society · <a href="https://goo.gl/maps/ZvJdkQEC79p" title="Google map 201 Charles Street Providence, Rhode Island" aria-label="Google map to AMS headquarters"> 201 Charles Street Providence, Rhode Island 02904-2213 </a> · <a href="/reach" aria-label="Contact Us">Contact Us</a> </p> </div> <!-- Fontawesome script --> <script src="https://kit.fontawesome.com/2ad6d7fbd6.js" crossorigin="anonymous" defer></script> <!-- Social Shares --> <nav class="col-12 mb-1" aria-label="Social media links"> <ul class="list-inline"> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.facebook.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on Facebook" aria-label="View the AMS on Facebook"> <i class="fa-brands fa-facebook-f" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://bsky.app/profile/amermathsoc.bsky.social" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on Bluesky" aria-label="View the AMS on Bluesky"> <i class="fa-brands fa-bluesky"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://twitter.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on X" aria-label="View the AMS on X"> <i class="fa-brands fa-x-twitter" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.linkedin.com/company/51001" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on LinkedIn" aria-label="View the AMS on LinkedIn"> <i class="fa-brands fa-linkedin-in" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.instagram.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on Instagram" aria-label="View the AMS on Instagram"> <i class="fa-brands fa-instagram" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> <li class="list-inline-item"> <a href="https://www.youtube.com/amermathsoc" class="link-dark" title="Follow us on YouTube" aria-label="View the AMS on YouTube"> <i class="fa-brands fa-youtube" aria-hidden="true"></i></a></li> </ul> </nav> <!-- Legal and Trademark Information --> <div class="col-12"> <p><small> © <a href="/copyright" aria-label="Copyright policy">Copyright</a> <span id="copyYear">2024</span> American Mathematical Society · <a href="/privacy" aria-label="Privacy statement">View Our Privacy Statement</a> · <a href="/tou" aria-label="Terms of use">Terms of Use</a> · <a href="/accessibility" aria-label="Accessibility policy">Accessibility and AMS Online Content</a> </small></p> <p><small> AMS, American Mathematical Society, the tri-colored AMS logo, and Advancing research, Creating connections, are trademarks and service marks of the American Mathematical Society and registered in the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. </small></p> </div> </div> </div> <script> // Dynamically update the copyright year document.getElementById('copyYear').textContent = new Date().getFullYear(); </script> </footer> <!--End footer--> </section> <!-- jquery for older applications --> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.7.1.min.js" integrity="sha256-/JqT3SQfawRcv/BIHPThkBvs0OEvtFFmqPF/lYI/Cxo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script> <!-- BS% bundle --> <script src="https://cdn.jsdelivr.net/npm/bootstrap@5.1.3/dist/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js" defer></script> </body> </html>