Artificial Intelligence (AI) | Nature Portfolio

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class="tighten-line-height small-space-below">Artificial Intelligence (AI)</h1> </div> <div class="container cleared container-type-body-content wysiwyg" data-container-type="body-content"> <p>Springer Nature is monitoring ongoing developments in this area closely and will review (and update) these policies as appropriate.</p> <ol> <li><a href="#ai-authorship">AI authorship</a></li> <li><a href="#generative-ai-images">Generative AI images</a></li> <li><a href="#ai-use-by-peer-reviewers">AI use by peer reviewers</a></li> </ol> <h2 id="ai-authorship">AI authorship</h2> <p>Large Language Models (LLMs), such as ChatGPT, do not currently satisfy our <a href="https://www.nature.com/nature-portfolio/editorial-policies/authorship">authorship</a> criteria. Notably an attribution of authorship carries with it accountability for the work, which cannot be effectively applied to LLMs.   Use of an LLM should be properly documented in the Methods section (and if a Methods section is not available, in a suitable alternative part) of the manuscript. The use of an LLM (or other AI-tool) for “AI assisted copy editing” purposes does not need to be declared. In this context, we define the term "AI assisted copy editing" as AI-assisted improvements to human-generated texts for readability and style, and to ensure that the texts are free of errors in grammar, spelling, punctuation and tone. These AI-assisted improvements may include wording and formatting changes to the texts, but do not include generative editorial work and autonomous content creation. In all cases, there must be human accountability for the final version of the text and agreement from the authors that the edits reflect their original work.</p> <h2 id="generative-ai-images">Generative AI images</h2> <p>The fast moving area of generative AI image creation has resulted in novel legal copyright and research integrity issues. As publishers, we strictly follow existing copyright law and best practices regarding publication ethics. While legal issues relating to AI-generated images and videos remain broadly unresolved, Springer Nature journals are unable to permit its use for publication. </p> <p>Exceptions:</p> <ul> <li>Images/art obtained from agencies that we have contractual relationships with that have created images in a legally acceptable manner.</li> <li>Images and videos that are directly referenced in a piece that is specifically about AI and such cases will be reviewed on a case-by-case basis.</li> <li>The use of generative AI tools developed with specific sets of underlying scientific data that can be attributed, checked and verified for accuracy, provided that ethics, copyright and terms of use restrictions are adhered to.</li> </ul> <p>*All exceptions must be labelled clearly as generated by AI within the image field.</p> <p>As we expect things to develop rapidly in this field in the near future, we will review this policy regularly and adapt it if necessary.</p> <p><em>Please note: </em>Not all AI tools are generative. 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