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Cobla - Wikipedia
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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Cobla</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 9 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-9" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">9 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla" title="Cobla – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cobla" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sardana#Die_Cobla,_das_Sardana-Orchester" title="Sardana – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Sardana" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla" title="Cobla – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cobla" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla" title="Cobla – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cobla" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla_catalana" title="Cobla catalana – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cobla catalana" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla" title="Cobla – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cobla" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla" title="Cobla – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cobla" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0_(%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%8C)" title="Кобла (ансамбль) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Кобла (ансамбль)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cobla" title="Cobla – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Cobla" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q2989770#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div 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literary genre, see <a href="/wiki/Cobla_esparsa" title="Cobla esparsa">cobla esparsa</a>.</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg/300px-CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="184" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg/450px-CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg/600px-CoblaBaixLlobregat_9079.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2981" data-file-height="1830" /></a><figcaption>"Cobla Baix Llobregat" playing in front of the <a href="/wiki/Palau_de_la_Generalitat_de_Catalunya" class="mw-redirect" title="Palau de la Generalitat de Catalunya">Palau de la Generalitat</a> in <a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <i><b>cobla</b></i> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Catalan pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ca-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Catalan" title="Help:IPA/Catalan">[ˈkobːlə]</a></span>, plural <i>cobles</i>) is a traditional music ensemble of <a href="/wiki/Catalonia" title="Catalonia">Catalonia</a>, and in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Catalonia" title="Northern Catalonia">Northern Catalonia</a> in France. It is generally used to accompany the <a href="/wiki/Sardana" title="Sardana">sardana</a>, a traditional Catalan folk dance, danced in a circle. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobla&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The modern Cobla normally consists of 11 players with the following instruments: </p> <ul><li>One <a href="/wiki/Flabiol" title="Flabiol">flabiol</a>, a type of <a href="/wiki/Fipple_flute" class="mw-redirect" title="Fipple flute">fipple flute</a> played with the left hand while a <a href="/wiki/Tambori" title="Tambori"><i>tamborí</i></a>, a small drum attached to the left arm of the player, is played with the other hand.</li> <li>Four <a href="/wiki/Catalan_shawm" title="Catalan shawm">Catalan shawms</a> – double-reed woodwinds <ul><li>Two tibles – a <i>tible</i> is like an oboe, but with a louder sound</li> <li>Two tenores – a <i>tenora</i> is a larger version of the tible</li></ul></li> <li>Five brass instruments <ul><li>Two <a href="/wiki/Trumpet" title="Trumpet">trumpets</a></li> <li>A <a href="/wiki/Trombone" title="Trombone">trombone</a> – often a valve-trombone</li> <li>Two <a href="/wiki/Fiscorn" title="Fiscorn">fiscorns</a> – a <i>fiscorn</i> is a rotary-valved baritone <a href="/wiki/Saxhorn" title="Saxhorn">saxhorn</a> with the bell facing forward, similar in appearance to a large <a href="/wiki/Flugelhorn" title="Flugelhorn">flugelhorn</a></li></ul></li> <li>A string bass – originally and still often a three-string <a href="/wiki/Double_bass" title="Double bass">double bass</a></li></ul> <p>There are small variations to this instrumentation in contemporary coblas: for example there is sometimes a third trumpet player. </p><p>The playing formation has two rows. The front row has (as seen by the audience from left to right) the flabiolist (with pipe and drum), the second and first tibles, and the first and second tenores. The back row, often raised, has the second and first trumpets, the trombone, and the first and second fiscorns. The double bass player, often standing, is on the right of the band. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobla&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg/220px-C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg/330px-C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9e/C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg/440px-C%C3%A9ret_-_F%C3%AAte_de_la_sardane_-_Cobla_de_Llobregat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Cobla Principal de Llobregat playing in <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9ret" title="Céret">Céret</a> (2013)</figcaption></figure> <p>Originally, the cobla was a 3-piece band: </p> <ul><li>One person played the <a href="/wiki/Flabiol" title="Flabiol">flabiol</a> and drum</li> <li>The second person played the tible</li> <li>The third played <a href="/wiki/Bagpipes" title="Bagpipes">bagpipes</a></li></ul> <p>The main instrument in the cobla, the tenora, was developed around 1850 by French-Catalan luthier Andreu Toron, in <a href="/wiki/Perpignan" title="Perpignan">Perpignan</a>/Perpinyà. </p><p>The modern 11-piece cobla was developed by the Catalan musician <a href="/wiki/Pep_Ventura" class="mw-redirect" title="Pep Ventura">Josep Maria "Pep" Ventura</a>. He wrote over 200 <a href="/wiki/Sardana" title="Sardana">Sardana</a> compositions. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobla&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sardana" title="Sardana">Sardana</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cobla&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdtrrracks.com/">La Sardana</a> Videos of cobles performing sardanes</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vwa4a8NjXJw">El testament n'Amèlia</a> Video of a performance of this sardana (composer <a href="/wiki/Joan_Lamote_de_Grignon" title="Joan Lamote de Grignon">Joan Lamote de Grignon</a>), by the cobla "Comtat d'Empúries" in <a href="/wiki/Castell%C3%B3_d%27Emp%C3%BAries" title="Castelló d'Empúries">Castelló d'Empúries</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.selvatana.com">The Selvatana Cobla site</a> has many pictures and the history of this particular cobla, which was founded in 1913.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180806222411/http://cobla-amsterdam.nl/">www.cobla-amsterdam.nl</a>, site of the only non-Catalan cobla in the world, Cobla La Principal d'Amsterdam, founded in 1987 by a group of Dutch professional musicians, distinguished with the Catalan Creu de Sant Jordi in 2007.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060501012258/http://www.ce.berkeley.edu/~coby/essays/sardana.htm">The Sardana and I</a>, an essay about Catalan traditional dancing and music.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/File:SardanaPlSantJaume_9081.ogg" title="File:SardanaPlSantJaume 9081.ogg">45-sec Video of Sardana music and dance on Commons</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111007113832/http://martinpaling.com/blog/2009/05/15/sardana-dance/">Audio Recording of Cobla Music, Palamos, Catalunya</a></li> <li>MP-3 examples of <a href="/wiki/Sardana" title="Sardana">sardana</a> music are available on the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630120519/http://www.selvatana.com/Selvatana%20-%20Al%B7legoria%20(part%201).mp3">Selvatana Cobla</a> and <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070630120519/http://www.coblasabadell.com/mp3/lescomares.mp3">Cobla Sabadell</a> 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style="width:1%">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolero_(Spanish_dance)" title="Bolero (Spanish dance)">Bolero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_rumba" title="Catalan rumba">Catalan rumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirigota" title="Chirigota">Chirigota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Copla_(music)" title="Copla (music)">Copla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cupl%C3%A9" title="Cuplé">Cuplé</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endecha" title="Endecha">Endecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ensalada_(music)" title="Ensalada (music)">Ensalada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fandango" title="Fandango">Fandango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folia" title="Folia">Folia</a></li> <li>Isa</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%A1cara" title="Jácara">Jácara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jota_(music)" title="Jota (music)">Jota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mui%C3%B1eira" title="Muiñeira">Muiñeira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_flamenco" title="New flamenco">New flamenco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nova_Can%C3%A7%C3%B3" title="Nova Cançó">Nova Cançó</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passacaglia" title="Passacaglia">Pasacalle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasodoble" title="Pasodoble">Pasodoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_catal%C3%A0" title="Rock català">Rock català</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rock_urbano" title="Rock urbano">Rock urbano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seguidilla" title="Seguidilla">Seguidilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sevillanas" title="Sevillanas">Sevillana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajaraste" title="Tajaraste">Tajaraste</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiento" title="Tiento">Tiento</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tonadilla" title="Tonadilla">Tonadilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tono_humano" title="Tono humano">Tono humano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villancico" title="Villancico">Villancico</a></li> <li>Xiringüelu</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zarzuela" title="Zarzuela">Zarzuela</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_chico" title="Género chico">Género chico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_music" title="Romani music">Romani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Flamenco" title="Flamenco">Flamenco</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Palo_(flamenco)" title="Palo (flamenco)">palos</a>)</small></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alegr%C3%ADas" title="Alegrías">Alegrías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albore%C3%A1" title="Alboreá">Alboreá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bambera" title="Bambera">Bambera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buler%C3%ADas" title="Bulerías">Bulerías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cante_flamenco" title="Cante flamenco">Cante</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cante_jondo" title="Cante jondo">Cante jondo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantes_a_palo_seco" title="Cantes a palo seco">Cantes a palo seco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantes_libres" title="Cantes libres">Cantes libres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canti%C3%B1as" title="Cantiñas">Cantiñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campanilleros" title="Campanilleros">Campanilleros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cartageneras" title="Cartageneras">Cartageneras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farruca" title="Farruca">Farruca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco_jazz" title="Flamenco jazz">Flamenco jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Garrot%C3%ADn" title="Garrotín">Garrotín</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grana%C3%ADna" title="Granaína">Granaína</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guajiras_(Flamenco)" title="Guajiras (Flamenco)">Guajiras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malague%C3%B1as_(flamenco_style)" title="Malagueñas (flamenco style)">Malagueñas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martinetes" title="Martinetes">Martinetes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peteneras" title="Peteneras">Peteneras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polo_(flamenco_palo)" title="Polo (flamenco palo)">Polo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rumba_flamenca" title="Rumba flamenca">Rumba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saeta_(flamenco)" title="Saeta (flamenco)">Saeta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siguiriyas" title="Siguiriyas">Siguiriyas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole%C3%A1" title="Soleá">Soleá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sole%C3%A1_por_Buler%C3%ADas" class="mw-redirect" title="Soleá por Bulerías">Soleá por Bulerías</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tango_(flamenco)" title="Tango (flamenco)">Tango</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarantas" title="Tarantas">Tarantas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tientos_(Flamenco)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tientos (Flamenco)">Tientos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ton%C3%A1s" title="Tonás">Tonás</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verdiales" title="Verdiales">Verdiales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambra" title="Zambra">Zambra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_music#Spain" title="Romani music">Romani (Gypsy)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="6" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_(c.1845),_Martin_Style_3-17_(1859)_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_%28c.1845%29%2C_Martin_Style_3-17_%281859%29_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg/100px-C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_%28c.1845%29%2C_Martin_Style_3-17_%281859%29_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_%28c.1845%29%2C_Martin_Style_3-17_%281859%29_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg/150px-C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_%28c.1845%29%2C_Martin_Style_3-17_%281859%29_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_%28c.1845%29%2C_Martin_Style_3-17_%281859%29_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg/200px-C._F._Martin_Spanish-style_guitar_%28c.1845%29%2C_Martin_Style_3-17_%281859%29_-_C.F._Martin_Guitar_Factory_2012-08-06_-_011.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3168" data-file-height="4752" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music by region</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Andalusia" title="Music of Andalusia">Andalusia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Aragon" title="Music of Aragon">Aragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Balearic_Islands" title="Music of the Balearic Islands">Balearic Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Basque_music" title="Basque music">Basque Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Canary_Islands" title="Music of the Canary Islands">Canary Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Castile_and_Leon" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Castile and Leon">Castile and Leon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Catalonia" title="Music of Catalonia">Catalonia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Extremadura" title="Music of Extremadura">Extremadura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_music_of_Galicia,_Cantabria_and_Asturias" title="Traditional music of Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias">Galicia, Cantabria and Asturias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Murcia" title="Music of Murcia">Murcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Navarre_and_La_Rioja" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Navarre and La Rioja">Navarre and La Rioja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Valencia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Valencia">Valencia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music by genre</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_folk_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish folk music">Spanish folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_jazz" title="Spanish jazz">Spanish jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_hip_hop" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish hip hop">Spanish hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_opera" title="Spanish opera">Spanish opera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_rock" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish rock">Spanish rock</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music festivals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benidorm_International_Song_Festival" title="Benidorm International Song Festival">Benidorm International Song Festival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_in_the_Eurovision_Song_Contest" title="Spain in the Eurovision Song Contest">Eurovision Song Contest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benidorm_Fest" title="Benidorm Fest">Benidorm Fest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Internacional_de_Santander" title="Festival Internacional de Santander">Festival Internacional de Santander</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spain_in_the_OTI_Festival" title="Spain in the OTI Festival">OTI Festival</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Musical instruments</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alboka" title="Alboka">Alboka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandurria" title="Bandurria">Bandurria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castanets" title="Castanets">Castanets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catalan_shawm" title="Catalan shawm">Catalan shawm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%C3%A1caras" title="Chácaras">Chácaras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cross-strung_harp" title="Cross-strung harp">Cross-strung harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dulzaina" title="Dulzaina">Dulzaina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiscorn" title="Fiscorn">Fiscorn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flabiol" title="Flabiol">Flabiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_gastore%C3%B1a" title="Gaita gastoreña">Gaita gastoreña</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gralla_(instrument)" title="Gralla (instrument)">Gralla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitarra_de_canya" title="Guitarra de canya">Guitarra de canya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitarro_(instrument)" title="Guitarro (instrument)">Guitarro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kirikoketa" title="Kirikoketa">Kirikoketa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmas_(music)" title="Palmas (music)">Palmas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psalterium_(instrument)" class="mw-redirect" title="Psalterium (instrument)">Psalterium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rabel_(instrument)" title="Rabel (instrument)">Rabel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tambori" title="Tambori">Tambori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timple" title="Timple">Timple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trikiti" title="Trikiti">Trikiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Txalaparta" title="Txalaparta">Txalaparta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Txistu" title="Txistu">Txistu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vihuela" title="Vihuela">Vihuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viol" title="Viol">Viol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xirula" title="Xirula">Xirula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friction_drum" title="Friction drum">Zambomba</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_bagpipes#Spain_and_Portugal" title="List of bagpipes">Gaita</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_asturiana" title="Gaita asturiana">Asturian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_de_boto" title="Gaita de boto">de boto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_cabreiresa" title="Gaita cabreiresa">Cabreiresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galician_gaita" title="Galician gaita">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odrecillo" title="Odrecillo">Odrecillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_de_saco" title="Gaita de saco">de saco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaita_sanabresa" title="Gaita sanabresa">Sanabresa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sac_de_gemecs" title="Sac de gemecs">Sac de gemecs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xeremia" title="Xeremia">Xeremia</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guitar</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_guitar" title="Baroque guitar">Baroque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_guitar" title="Classical guitar">Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamenco_guitar" title="Flamenco guitar">Flamenco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitarra_latina" title="Guitarra latina">Latina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guitarra_morisca" title="Guitarra morisca">Morisca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Music ensembles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cobla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charanga_(Spain)" title="Charanga (Spain)">Charanga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chirigota" title="Chirigota">Chirigota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparsa" title="Comparsa">Comparsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rondalla" title="Rondalla">Rondalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuna_(music)" title="Tuna (music)">Tuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2989770#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata856" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2989770#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata856" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2989770#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13337361f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13337361f">BnF data</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/035799765">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="cobla"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/instrument/ff9804db-c0a0-4427-b4c0-8926c8f135d8">MusicBrainz instrument</a></span></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.canary‐567b888bb9‐rp26n Cached time: 20250405214028 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.295 seconds Real time usage: 0.414 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 335/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 32551/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 219/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 12/100 Expensive parser function count: 1/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 13727/5000000 bytes Lua time 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