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Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="قدرة شرائية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قدرة شرائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al%C4%B1c%C4%B1l%C4%B1q_qabiliyy%C9%99ti" title="Alıcılıq qabiliyyəti – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Alıcılıq qabiliyyəti" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2%CD%98-b%C3%A9-le%CC%8Dk" title="Kò͘-bé-le̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Kò͘-bé-le̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пакупніцкая здольнасць – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Пакупніцкая здольнасць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BD%D1%96%D1%86%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B7%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C%D1%86%D1%8C" title="Пакупніцкая здольнасьць – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Пакупніцкая здольнасьць" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%96%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A6_%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B7%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="खरीद क्षमता – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="खरीद क्षमता" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Покупателна способност – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Покупателна способност" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poder_adquisitiu" title="Poder adquisitiu – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Poder adquisitiu" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kupn%C3%AD_s%C3%ADla" title="Kupní síla – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Kupní síla" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B8bekraft" title="Købekraft – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Købekraft" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaufkraft_(Konsum)" title="Kaufkraft (Konsum) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Kaufkraft (Konsum)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ostuj%C3%B5ud" title="Ostujõud – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ostujõud" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%B4%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B7" title="Αγοραστική δύναμη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Αγοραστική δύναμη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poder_adquisitivo" title="Poder adquisitivo – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Poder adquisitivo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C4%89etpovo" title="Aĉetpovo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aĉetpovo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erosteko_ahalmen" title="Erosteko ahalmen – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Erosteko ahalmen" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%AA_%D8%AE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="قدرت خرید – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="قدرت خرید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pouvoir_d%27achat" title="Pouvoir d'achat – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pouvoir d'achat" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poder_adquisitivo" title="Poder adquisitivo – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Poder adquisitivo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%B5%AC%EB%A7%A4%EB%A0%A5" title="구매력 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="구매력" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%B2%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Գնողունակություն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գնողունակություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%AF_%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF" title="क्रय शक्ति – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="क्रय शक्ति" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daya_beli" title="Daya beli – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Daya beli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaupm%C3%A1ttur" title="Kaupmáttur – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Kaupmáttur" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Potere_d%27acquisto" title="Potere d'acquisto – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Potere d'acquisto" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%97_%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%99%D7%94" title="כוח קנייה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כוח קנייה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pouvwa_dacha" title="Pouvwa dacha – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Pouvwa dacha" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pirktsp%C4%93ja" title="Pirktspēja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Pirktspēja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perkamoji_galia" title="Perkamoji galia – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Perkamoji galia" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koupkraf" title="Koupkraf – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Koupkraf" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C3%A1s%C3%A1rl%C3%B3er%C5%91" title="Vásárlóerő – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Vásárlóerő" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%9C" title="Куповна моќ – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Куповна моќ" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuasa_beli" title="Kuasa beli – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kuasa beli" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koopkracht" title="Koopkracht – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Koopkracht" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B3%BC%E8%B2%B7%E5%8A%9B" title="購買力 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="購買力" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kj%C3%B8pekraft" title="Kjøpekraft – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjøpekraft" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kj%C3%B8pekraft" title="Kjøpekraft – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Kjøpekraft" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poder_de_crompa" title="Poder de crompa – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Poder de crompa" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forsa_di_kompra" title="Forsa di kompra – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Forsa di kompra" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C5%82a_nabywcza" title="Siła nabywcza – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Siła nabywcza" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poder_de_compra" title="Poder de compra – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Poder de compra" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BA%D1%83%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C" title="Покупательная способность – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Покупательная способность" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fuqia_bler%C3%ABse" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">hide</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Amount of goods and services that can be purchased with a unit of currency</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">Purchasing power parity</a>.</div> <p>Purchasing power refers to the amount of products and services available for purchase with a certain currency unit. For example, if you took one unit of cash to a store in the 1950s, you could buy more products than you could now, showing that the currency had more purchasing power back then. </p><p>If one's income remains constant but prices rise, their purchasing power decreases. Inflation does not always result in decreased purchasing power, especially if income exceeds price levels. A larger real income means more purchasing power, as it corresponds to the income itself. </p><p>Traditionally, the purchasing power of money depended heavily upon the local value of gold and silver, but was also made subject to the availability and demand of certain goods on the market.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most modern <a href="/wiki/Fiat_currencies" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiat currencies">fiat currencies</a>, like <a href="/wiki/US_dollars" class="mw-redirect" title="US dollars">US dollars</a>, are traded against each other and commodity money in the <a href="/wiki/Secondary_market" title="Secondary market">secondary market</a> for the purpose of international <a href="/wiki/Balance_transfer" title="Balance transfer">transfer</a> of payment for goods and services. </p><p>Scottish economist <a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a> noted that having money gives one the ability to "command" others' <a href="/wiki/Labor_(economics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Labor (economics)">labor</a>, so purchasing power to some extent is power over other people, to the extent that they are willing to trade their labor or goods for <a href="/wiki/Money" title="Money">money</a> or currency. </p><p>For a <a href="/wiki/Price_index" title="Price index">price index</a>, its value in the base year is usually normalized to a value of 100. The purchasing power of a unit of currency, say a dollar, in a given year, expressed in dollars of the base year, is 100/<i>P</i>, where <i>P</i> is the price index in that year. So, by definition, the purchasing power of a dollar decreases as the price level rises. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Adam_Smith" title="Adam Smith">Adam Smith</a> used an hour's labour as the purchasing power unit, so value would be measured in hours of labour required to produce a given quantity (or to produce some other good worth an amount sufficient to purchase the same).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2016)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purchasing_power&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Mac_Index" title="Big Mac Index">Big Mac Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collective_buying_power" title="Collective buying power">Collective buying power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constant_purchasing_power_accounting" title="Constant purchasing power accounting">Constant purchasing power accounting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumer_price_index" title="Consumer price index">Consumer price index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumerism" title="Consumerism">Consumerism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consumption_(economics)" title="Consumption (economics)">Consumption (economics)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fair_trade" title="Fair trade">Fair trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_trade" title="Free trade">Free trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_buying" title="Group buying">Group buying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Group_purchasing_organization" title="Group purchasing organization">Group purchasing organization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Measuring_economic_worth_over_time" title="Measuring economic worth over time">Measuring economic worth over time</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_of_the_U.S._dollar" class="mw-redirect" title="Purchasing power of the U.S. dollar">Purchasing power of the U.S. dollar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">Purchasing power parity</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purchasing_power&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Guy Le Strange, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/palestineundermo00lestuoft#page/44/mode/1up">Purchasing Power in 1889 Compared with Same Currency in 985 CE</a>, in: Mukaddasi, <i>Description of Syria, Including Palestine</i>, London 1886, p. 44.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Purchasing_power&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Purchasing_power" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Purchasing power">Purchasing power</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.measuringworth.com/">MeasuringWorth.com</a> has a <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.measuringworth.com/uscompare/">calculator</a> with different measures for bringing values in <a href="/wiki/Pound_sterling" title="Pound sterling">Pound sterling</a> from 1264 to the present and in US dollars from 1774 up to any year until the present. The <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080119001510/http://www.measuringworth.com/worthmeasures.html">Measures of Worth page</a> discusses which would be the most appropriate for different things.</li></ul> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://demonstrations.wolfram.com/PurchasingPowerCalculator/">Purchasing Power Calculator</a> by Fiona Maclachlan, <a href="/wiki/The_Wolfram_Demonstrations_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="The Wolfram Demonstrations Project">The Wolfram Demonstrations Project</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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