{"title":"Uniform Distribution of Ductility Demand in Irregular Bridges using Shape Memory Alloy","authors":"Seyed Mohyeddin Ghodratian, Mehdi Ghassemieh, Mohammad Khanmohammadi","volume":59,"journal":"International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering","pagesStart":606,"pagesEnd":613,"ISSN":"1307-6892","URL":"https:\/\/publications.waset.org\/pdf\/15122","abstract":"Excessive ductility demand on shorter piers is a\ncommon problem for irregular bridges subjected to strong ground\nmotion. Various techniques have been developed to reduce the\nlikelihood of collapse of bridge due to failure of shorter piers. This\npaper presents the new approach to improve the seismic behavior of\nsuch bridges using Nitinol shape memory alloys (SMAs).\nSuperelastic SMAs have the ability to remain elastic under very large\ndeformation due to martensitic transformation. This unique property\nleads to enhanced performance of controlled bridge compared with\nthe performance of the reference bridge. To evaluate the effectiveness\nof the devices, nonlinear time history analysis is performed on a RC\nsingle column bent highway bridge using a suite of representative\nground motions. The results show that this method is very effective in\nlimiting the ductility demand of shorter pier.","references":"[1] R. DesRoches, and M. Delemont, \"Seismic retrofit of simply supported\nbridges using shape memory alloy,\" Engineering Structures, vol. 24, pp.\n325-332, 2002.\n[2] R. Johnson, J.E. Padgett, M.E. Maragakis, R. DesRoches, and S. Saiidi,\n\"Large scale testing of nitinol shape memory alloy devices for\nretrofitting of bridges,\" Smart Materials and Structures, vol. 17, 10pp,\n2008.\n[3] P. Pegon, and A. V. Pinto, \"Pseudo-dynamic testing with substructuring\nat the ELSA Laboratory,\" Earthquake Engng Struct. Dyn., vol. 29, pp.\n905-925, 2000.\n[4] A. V. Pinto, P. Pegon, G. Magonette and G. Tsionis, \"Pseudo-dynamic\ntesting of bridges using non-linear substructuring,\" Earthquake Engng\nStruct. Dyn., vol. 33, pp. 1125-1146, 2004.\n[5] A.J. Kappos, G.D. Manolis, and I.F. Moschonas, \"Seismic assessment\nand design of R\/C bridges with irregular configuration, including SSI\neffects,\" Engineering Structures, vol. 24, pp 1337-1348, 2002.\n[6] M. J. N. Priestly, F. Seible, G. M. Calvi, \"Seismic design and retrofit of\nbridges,\" John Willey & Songs, Inc, 1996, pp. 40-60.\n[7] P. E. Pinto, \"Seismic bridge design and retrofit-structural solutions,\"\nstate of art report, bulletin 39, 2007, pp. 30-40.\n[8] B. Andrawes, and R. DesRoches, \"Unseating prevention for multiple\nframe bridges using superelastic devices\" Smart Materials and\nStructures, vol. 14, pp 60-67,2005.\n[9] A.M. Sharabash, and B. Andrawes, \"Application of shape memory alloy\ndampers in the seismic control of cable-stayed bridges\" Engineering\nStructures, vol. 31, pp 607-616, 2009.\n[10] S.A. Motahari, M. Ghassemieh, and S.A. Abolmaali, \"Implementation\nof shape memory alloy dampers for passive control of structures\nsubjected to seismic excitations\" Journal of Constructional Steel\nResearch, vol. 63, pp 1570-1579, 2007.\n[11] B. Andrawes, and R.DesRoches, \"Comparison between Shape Memory\nAlloy Seismic Restrainers and Other Bridge Retrofit Devices\" Journal\nof Bridge Engineering, vol. 12, pp 700-709, 2007.\n[12] B. Andrawes, and R. DesRoches, \"Effect of ambient temperature on the\nhinge opening in bridges with shape memory alloy seismic restrainers\"\nEngineering Structures, vol. 29,pp 2294-2301, 2007.\n[13] E. Choi, T.H. Nam, J.T. Oh, and B.S. Cho, \"An isolation bearing for\nhighway bridges using shape memory alloys\" Materials Science and\nEngineering, pp 438-440, 2006.\n[14] K. Wilde, P. Gardoni, and Y. Fujino, \"Base isolation system with shape\nmemory alloy device for elevated highway bridges\" Engineering\nStructures, vol. 22, pp 222-229, 2000.\n[15] S. Saiidi, and H. Wang, \"Exploratory Study of Seismic Response of\nConcrete Columns with Shape Memory Alloys Reinforcement\" ACI\nStructural Journal, vol. 3, pp 436-443, 2006.\n[16] S. Saiidi, M. O-Brien, and M. Sadrossadat-Zade, \"Cyclic Response of\nConcrete Bridge Columns Using Superelastic Nitinol and Bendable\nConcrete\" ACI Structural Journal, 1, pp 69-77, 2009.\n[17] B. Andrawes, M. Shin, and N. Wierschem, \"Active Confinement of\nReinforced Concrete Bridge Columns Using Shape Memory Alloys\"\nJournal of Bridge Engineering, vol. 15, pp 81-89, 2010.\n[18] S. Mazzoni, F. McKenna, M. Scott, G. Fenves, and et al, OpenSees\nCommand Language Manual, College of Engineering, University of\nCalifornia, Berkeley, 2007.","publisher":"World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology","index":"Open Science Index 59, 2011"}