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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikiquote</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_(46938892835).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_%2846938892835%29.jpg/240px-Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_%2846938892835%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_%2846938892835%29.jpg/360px-Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_%2846938892835%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e3/Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_%2846938892835%29.jpg/480px-Thessaloniki_%CE%98%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%AF%CE%BA%CE%B7_%2846938892835%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3840" data-file-height="2180" /></a><figcaption>The White Tower of Thessaloniki on the promenade, during the night</figcaption></figure> <p><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thessaloniki" class="extiw" title="w:Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></b>, often referred to internationally as <b>Thessalonica</b> or <b>Salonica</b>, is the second-largest city in <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> and the capital of the geographic and historical region of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(Greece)" title="Macedonia (Greece)">Greek Macedonia</a>. </p> <table role="presentation" class="metadata plainlinks stub" style="background: transparent; font-style: italic;"><tbody><tr> <td class="noresize"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Geographylogo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Stub icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/30px-Geographylogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/45px-Geographylogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/60px-Geographylogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></td> <td>This <a href="/wiki/Category:Geography" title="Category:Geography">geography</a>-related article is a <a href="/wiki/Wikiquote:Stub" title="Wikiquote:Stub">stub</a>. You can help out with Wikiquote by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikiquote.org/w/index.php?title=Thessaloniki&action=edit">expanding</a> it!</td> </tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotes">Quotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thessaloniki&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The towns of the Adriatic coast were often <a href="/wiki/Italians" title="Italians">Italian</a>; some <a href="/wiki/Balkans" title="Balkans">Balkan</a> towns were distinctly <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greek</a> or <a href="/wiki/Turks" title="Turks">Turkish</a>. Most striking of all were those <a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitanism" title="Cosmopolitanism">cosmopolitan</a> trading centres where no one <a href="/wiki/Ethnic_group" class="mw-redirect" title="Ethnic group">ethnic group</a> predominated. One of many examples that might be cited was Salonika, present-day Thessaloniki, an <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> port of <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Greece" title="Ottoman Greece">Greek provenance</a> where <a href="/wiki/Jews" class="mw-redirect" title="Jews">Jews</a> slightly outnumbered <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslims</a>. Each religious community could, in turn, be subdivided into sects and linguistic sub-groups: there were <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Judesmo" class="extiw" title="w:Judesmo">Judesmo</a>-speaking <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sephardic_Jews" class="extiw" title="w:Sephardic Jews">Sephardic Jews</a> as well as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ashkenzim" class="extiw" title="w:Ashkenzim">Ashkenzim</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greek_Orthodox" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Orthodox">Christian Greeks</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgarians</a> and <a href="/wiki/Macedonians_(ethnic_group)" title="Macedonians (ethnic group)">Macedonians</a> - some speaking <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>, some Vlach, some a Slavic language - and myriad kinds of Muslim: <a href="/wiki/Sufism" title="Sufism">Sufis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bektashi_Order" title="Bektashi Order">Bektashis</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mevlevi" class="extiw" title="w:Mevlevi">Mevlevis</a> as well as <a href="/wiki/Naqshbandi" title="Naqshbandi">Naqshbandis</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%27min" class="extiw" title="w:Ma'min">Ma'min</a>, who were converts from Judaism. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niall_Ferguson" title="Niall Ferguson">Niall Ferguson</a>, <i>The War of the Worlds: Twentieth-Century Violence and the Descent of the West</i> (2006), pp. lvii-lviii</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>It was in fact more plausible for the <a href="/wiki/Turks" title="Turks">Turks</a> to portray the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a> as a fifth column, since the Greek Prime Minister <a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Eleftherios Venizelos</a> strongly favoured Greek intervention on the side of the Entente powers and, although King <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constantine_I_of_Greece" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Constantine I of Greece">Constantine</a> resisted until finally driven to <a href="/wiki/Abdication" title="Abdication">abdicate</a> in June 1917, the presence of an <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">Anglo</a>-<a href="/wiki/France" title="France">French</a> force at <a href="/wiki/Salonika" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonika">Salonika</a> from October 1915 cast doubt on the credibility of <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greek</a> <a href="/wiki/Neutrality" title="Neutrality">neutrality</a>. Viewed from Salonika, the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">First World War</a> was the Third Balkan War, with <a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a> joining <a href="/wiki/German_Empire" title="German Empire">Germany</a> and <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a> in the rout of <a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a>; indeed, it was to shore up the disintegrating Serbian position that the Entente powers had sent their troops to Salonika. It was too late. The Anglo-French force remained penned in, unable, despite Greece's belated entry into the war, to prevent the German-Bulgarian defeat of <a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a> in 1917. Yet the final phase of the war saw a collapse as complete as that suffered by the <a href="/wiki/Germans" title="Germans">Germans</a> on the Western Front. An offensive on the Salonika Front forced Bulgaria to sue for peace on September 25,1918; six days later the <a href="/wiki/British_Army" title="British Army">British</a> marched into <a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a>, having defeated the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Turkish</a> army in <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>. On October 30 the Turks surrendered. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Niall_Ferguson" title="Niall Ferguson">Niall Ferguson</a>, <i>The War of the World: Twentieth-Century Conflict and the Descent of the West</i> (2006), p. 180</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>THESSALONIKI (Salonika) Greece's second city is named after a daughter of <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Philip_of_Macedon" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Philip of Macedon">Philip of Macedon</a>, Thessaloniki, who was married to Kassandros. This shortlived monarch was without descendants, so he gave Thessaloniki's name to the capital (founded 315 B.C.) to remind posterity of his family's royal descent. <ul><li>Bruce Merry (2004) <i>Encyclopedia of Modern Greek Literature.</i> p. 430</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>The <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aegean_sea" class="extiw" title="w:Aegean sea">Aegean sea</a> washes Greece on two sides: first, the side that faces towards the east and stretches from <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sunium" class="extiw" title="w:Sunium">Sunium</a>, towards the north as far as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thermaean_Gulf" class="extiw" title="w:Thermaean Gulf">Thermaean Gulf</a> and Thessaloniceia, a <a href="/wiki/Macedon" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Macedon">Macedonian</a> city...; and secondly, the side that faces towards the south, I mean the Macedonian country, extending from Thessaloniceia as far as the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strymon" class="extiw" title="w:Strymon">Strymon</a>. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a>, <i>"Geography", 7.7.4-5</i></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Salonique à tout prix!</b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eleftherios_Venizelos" title="Eleftherios Venizelos">Eleftherios Venizelos</a>, Quoted in Chester, S. M. (1921). <i>Life of Venizelos, with a letter from His Excellency M. Venizelos.</i> London: Constable. p. 159</li> <li>A message sent to the General Staff during the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Balkan_War" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:First Balkan War">First Balkan War</a>, to insure that the Greek army will capture Thessaloniki at all costs.</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>When <a href="/wiki/Paul_of_Tarsus" title="Paul of Tarsus">Paul</a> came to Thessaloniki around AD 50, the town embraced him and Silas along with their message about <a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesus Christ">Jesus Christ</a>. However, the friendly welcome quickly wore out as some individuals began rising up against them. <ul><li>Kevin Wright (2008) <i>The Christian Travel Planner.</i> p. 98</li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li>Here we notice that in acts the term "Hellenes" (or "Greeks") is used with noteworthy propriety: the people of Thessalonica, of Berea, of Ephesus, of Iconium. and of Syrian Antioch are spoken of as Hellenes. Those were all cities which had no claim to be Roman, except in the general way of being parts of the Roman provinces <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a>, <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galatia" class="extiw" title="w:Galatia">Galatia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a>. They were counted Greek cities, and reckoned themselves as such. <ul><li>William Mitchell Ramsay, <i>"Historical Commentary on First Corinthians"</i>, Kregel Classics, 1996, p.34</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thessaloniki&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikipedia"><img alt="Wikipedia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/50px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="46" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/75px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg/100px-Wikipedia-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="103" data-file-height="94" /></a><figcaption>Wikipedia</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia" title="Wikipedia">Wikipedia</a> has an article about: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thessaloniki" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></b></i></div> </div> </div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: #f9f9f9; width: 250px; padding: 4px; spacing: 0px; text-align: left; float: right;"> <div style="float: left;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikivoyage"><img alt="Wikivoyage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg/50px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg/75px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg/100px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-en.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="303" data-file-height="303" /></a><figcaption>Wikivoyage</figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 60px;">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for: <div style="margin-left: 10px;"><i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Thessaloniki" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></b></i></div> </div> </div><div class="noprint metadata" style="clear: right; 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