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Palme Dutt</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 13 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-13" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">13 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%9C%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE_%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4" title="রজনীপাম দত্ত – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রজনীপাম দত্ত" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajani_Palme_Dutt" title="Rajani Palme Dutt – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Rajani Palme Dutt" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/R._%ED%8C%9C_%EB%8D%A7" title="R. 팜 덧 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="R. 팜 덧" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8C%D5%A1%D5%BB%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%8A%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%B4_%D4%B4%D5%A1%D5%A9" title="Ռաջանի Պալմ Դաթ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ռաջանի Պալմ Դաթ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BF_%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="രജനി പാമി ദത്ത് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="രജനി പാമി ദത്ത്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%86%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%89_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%AA" title="راچانى پالم دوت – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="راچانى پالم دوت" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajani_Palme_Dutt" title="Rajani Palme Dutt – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Rajani Palme Dutt" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE_%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%B1%E0%A8%A4" title="ਰਜਨੀ ਪਾਮ ਦੱਤ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਰਜਨੀ ਪਾਮ ਦੱਤ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajani_Palme_Dutt" title="Rajani Palme Dutt – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Rajani Palme Dutt" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A0%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8_%D0%9F%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%BC_%D0%94%D0%B0%D1%82%D1%82" title="Раджани Палм Датт – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Раджани Палм Датт" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajani_Palme_Dutt" title="Rajani Palme Dutt – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Rajani Palme Dutt" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rajani_Palme_Dutt" title="Rajani Palme Dutt – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Rajani 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searchaux" style="display:none">British communist and journalist (1896–1974)</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">R. Palme Dutt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Rajani-Palme-Dutt_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Rajani-Palme-Dutt_%28cropped%29.jpg/220px-Rajani-Palme-Dutt_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="342" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Rajani-Palme-Dutt_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-Rajani-Palme-Dutt_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Rajani-Palme-Dutt_%28cropped%29.jpg/440px-Rajani-Palme-Dutt_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="791" data-file-height="1231" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="line-height:normal;padding-top:0.2em;">Palme Dutt, 1943.</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">4th <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain#General_secretaries" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">General Secretary of the Communist Party of Great Britain</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />October 1939 – June 1941</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Harry Pollitt</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Rajani Palme Dutt</div><br />19 June 1896<br /><a href="/wiki/Cambridge" title="Cambridge">Cambridge</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cambridgeshire_and_Isle_of_Ely" title="Cambridgeshire and Isle of Ely">Cambridgeshire</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">20 December 1974<span style="display:none">(1974-12-20)</span> (aged 78)<br /><a href="/wiki/Highgate" title="Highgate">Highgate</a>, <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>, England</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1151524712">.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin2px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-2px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-line-margin3px{line-height:0;margin-bottom:-3px}.mw-parser-output .marriage-display-ws{display:inline;white-space:nowrap}</style> <div class="marriage-display-ws"><div style="display:inline-block;line-height:normal;margin-top:1px;white-space:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Salme_Pekkala-Dutt" title="Salme Pekkala-Dutt">Salme Anette Murrik</a></div> <div class="marriage-line-margin2px"></div> <div style="display:inline-block;margin-bottom:1px;"></div>(<abbr title="married">m.</abbr> 1922; died 1964)<wbr /></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Parents</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li>Upendra Dutt (father)</li><li><a href="/wiki/Palme_family" title="Palme family">Anna Palme</a> (mother)</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Relatives</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Olof Palme</a> (first-cousin, once removed)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/The_Perse_School" title="The Perse School">The Perse School</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Alma_mater" title="Alma mater">Alma mater</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Balliol College, Oxford">Balliol College, Oxford</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data">Editor of <a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Weekly_(UK)" title="Workers' Weekly (UK)">Workers' Weekly</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Rajani Palme Dutt</b> (19 June 1896 – 20 December 1974), generally known as <b>R. Palme Dutt</b>, was a leading <a href="/wiki/Journalist" title="Journalist">journalist</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theoretician_(Marxism)" title="Theoretician (Marxism)">theoretician</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a>, and briefly served as its fourth general secretary during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> from October 1939 to June 1941. His classic book <i>India Today</i> heralded the Marxist approach in Indian historiography.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Rajani Palme Dutt was born in 1896 on <a href="/wiki/Mill_Road,_Cambridge" title="Mill Road, Cambridge">Mill Road</a> in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_England" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge, England">Cambridge, England</a>. His father, Dr. Upendra Dutt, was an Indian <a href="/wiki/Surgeon" title="Surgeon">surgeon</a>, his mother Anna Palme was <a href="/wiki/Swedes" title="Swedes">Swedish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dr. Upendra Dutt belonged to the family of <a href="/wiki/Romesh_Chunder_Dutt" title="Romesh Chunder Dutt">Romesh Chunder Dutt</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-India_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-India-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Anna Palme was a great aunt of the future Prime Minister of Sweden <a href="/wiki/Olof_Palme" title="Olof Palme">Olof Palme</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rajani's sister was the statistician Elna Palme Dutt, who went on to become an official of the International Labour Organization in Geneva. He, along with his older brother Clemens Palme Dutt, was a founding member of the Communist Party of Great Britain. </p><p>Dutt was educated at <a href="/wiki/The_Perse_School" title="The Perse School">the Perse School</a>, Cambridge and <a href="/wiki/Balliol_College,_Oxford" title="Balliol College, Oxford">Balliol College, Oxford</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he obtained a <a href="/wiki/First-class_degree" class="mw-redirect" title="First-class degree">first-class degree</a> in Classics, after being suspended for a time because of his activities as a <a href="/wiki/Conscientious_objector" title="Conscientious objector">conscientious objector</a> in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, during which his writing was deemed subversive propaganda.<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dutt married an <a href="/wiki/Estonians" title="Estonians">Estonian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Salme_Dutt" class="mw-redirect" title="Salme Dutt">Salme Murrik</a>, the sister of <a href="/wiki/Finland" title="Finland">Finnish</a> writer <a href="/wiki/Hella_Wuolijoki" title="Hella Wuolijoki">Hella Wuolijoki</a>, in 1922. His wife had come to Great Britain in 1920 as a representative of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_International" title="Communist International">Communist International</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Political_career">Political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/R._Palme_Dutt" title="Special:EditPage/R. Palme Dutt">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this section. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">July 2011</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="India Today, 1947 Edition, published by People’s Publishing House, Bombay, India." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg/220px-India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="325" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg/330px-India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg/440px-India_Today_Rajani_Palme_Dutt_1947.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2456" data-file-height="3625" /></a><figcaption>India Today, 1947 Edition, published by People’s Publishing House, Bombay, India.</figcaption></figure><p> Dutt made his first connections with the Socialist Movement in England during his school days, before the outbreak of the First World War. He was expelled from <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Oxford University">Oxford University</a> in October 1917 for organising a socialist meeting. He joined the British Labour Movement as a full time worker in 1919, when he joined the <a href="/wiki/Labour_Research_Department" title="Labour Research Department">Labour Research Department</a>, a left-wing statistical bureau. Together with <a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a> he was one of the founder members of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a> (CPGB) in 1920. In 1921 he founded a monthly magazine called <i><a href="/wiki/Labour_Monthly" title="Labour Monthly">Labour Monthly</a>,</i> <sup id="cite_ref-India_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-India-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a publication that he edited until his death, and also visited India. </p><p>In 1922, Dutt was named the editor of the party's weekly newspaper, the <i><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Weekly_(UK)" title="Workers' Weekly (UK)">Workers' Weekly</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dutt was on the executive committee of the CPGB from 1923 to 1965 and was the party's chief theorist for many years.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dutt first visited the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> in 1923, where he attended deliberations of the <a href="/wiki/Executive_Committee_of_the_Communist_International" title="Executive Committee of the Communist International">Executive Committee of the Communist International</a> (ECCI) relating to the British movement.<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was elected an alternate to the ECCI Presidium in 1924. </p><p>Following an illness in 1925 which forced him to stand down as editor of <i>Workers' Weekly,</i> Dutt spent several years in <a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a> as a representative of the Comintern.<sup id="cite_ref-Holmes_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Holmes-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also played an important role for the <a href="/wiki/Comintern" class="mw-redirect" title="Comintern">Comintern</a> by supervising the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a> for some years. </p><p>Palme Dutt was loyal to the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a> and to the Stalinist line. In 1939, when the CPGB General Secretary <a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a> supported the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a> entering <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, Palme Dutt promoted <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stalin" title="Joseph Stalin">Joseph Stalin</a>'s line and forced Pollitt's temporary resignation. As a result, he became the party's General Secretary until Pollitt was reappointed in 1941, after the <a href="/wiki/Operation_Barbarossa" title="Operation Barbarossa">German invasion of the Soviet Union</a> cause a reversal in the party's attitude on the war. </p><p>His book <i>Fascism and Social Revolution</i> presents a scathing criticism and analysis of <a href="/wiki/Fascism" title="Fascism">fascism</a>, with a study of the rise of fascism in Germany, Italy and other countries. He defined fascism as a violent authoritarian, ultranationalist and irrational theory: "Fascism is antithetical to everything of substance within the liberal tradition."<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After Stalin's death, Palme Dutt's reaction to <a href="/wiki/Nikita_Khrushchev" title="Nikita Khrushchev">Nikita Khrushchev</a>'s <a href="/wiki/On_the_Cult_of_Personality_and_Its_Consequences" title="On the Cult of Personality and Its Consequences">Secret Speech</a> played down its significance, with Dutt arguing that Stalin's "sun" unsurprisingly contained some "spots".<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A hardliner in the party, he disagreed with its criticisms of the <a href="/wiki/Prague_Spring" title="Prague Spring">Soviet invasion of Czechoslovakia</a> in 1968 and opposed its increasingly <a href="/wiki/Eurocommunism" title="Eurocommunism">Eurocommunist</a> line in the 1970s. He retired from his party positions but remained a member until his death<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> in 1974. According to the historian Geoff Andrews, the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_the_Soviet_Union" title="Communist Party of the Soviet Union">Communist Party of the Soviet Union</a> was still paying the CPGB around £15,000 a year "for pensions" into the 1970s, recipients of which "included Rajani Palme Dutt".<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Labour History Archive and Study Centre at the <a href="/wiki/People%27s_History_Museum" title="People's History Museum">People's History Museum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manchester" title="Manchester">Manchester</a> has Palme Dutt's papers in its collection, spanning from 1908 to 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="India_visit">India visit</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: India visit"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg/220px-Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg/330px-Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg/440px-Rajani_Palme_Dutt_Portrait_at_Peoples_Publishing_House.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a><figcaption>RPD Portrait at PPH, Jhandewalan, Delhi</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1946 the British Indian Government permitted RPD to visit his father's country for the first time since 1921, this time as a special correspondent for the <a href="/wiki/Morning_Star_(British_newspaper)" title="Morning Star (British newspaper)">Daily Worker</a>. The visit lasted four months, during which he spoke at several rallies in different cities of India, all organised by the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_India" title="Communist Party of India">Communist Party of India</a>. During this time he also interacted with many of that Party's workers, along with senior leaders including <a href="/wiki/PC_Joshi" class="mw-redirect" title="PC Joshi">PC Joshi</a>. During this visit he also met several important leaders of India including <a href="/wiki/Mahatma_Gandhi" title="Mahatma Gandhi">Mahatma Gandhi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jawaharlal_Nehru" title="Jawaharlal Nehru">Jawaharlal Nehru</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vallabhbhai_Patel" title="Vallabhbhai Patel">Vallabhbhai Patel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jinnah" class="mw-redirect" title="Mohammad Ali Jinnah">Mohammad Ali Jinnah</a> and <a href="/wiki/Stafford_Cripps" title="Stafford Cripps">Stafford Cripps</a>. He was also invited by newly-built <a href="/wiki/All_India_Radio" title="All India Radio">All India Radio</a> for a broadcast. <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His visit had such a profound effect upon Indian Communists that when they established the headquarters of their “<a href="/wiki/People%27s_Publishing_House_(India)" title="People's Publishing House (India)">People’s Publishing House (PPH)</a>” in Jhandewalan, Delhi, between 1956 and 1958<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they named the building the “R. Palme Dutt Bhawan” (Bhawan meaning Building) after RPD.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On that building's second floor stairwell hung a portrait of RPD taken during his 1946 visit to India, remaining there until very recently and now possibly hanging in the Party's headquarters at Ajoy Bhawan.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>1920: The Sabotage of Europe<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1920: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/twointernational00dutt">The Two Internationals</a></li> <li>1921: Back to Plotinus, Review of Shaw's <i>Back to Methusela: A Metaphysical Pentateuch</i></li> <li>1921: Psycho-Analysing the Bolshevik, Review of Kolnai's <i>Psycho-analysis and Sociology</i></li> <li>1922: The End of Gandhi</li> <li>1923: The British Empire</li> <li>1923: The Issue in Europe</li> <li>1925: Empire Socialism (pamphlet)</li> <li>1926: The Meaning of the General Strike (pamphlet)</li> <li>1926: Trotsky and His English Critics</li> <li>1928: Indian Awakening</li> <li>1931: India</li> <li>1931: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/dutt/pamphlets/cap_or_soc.htm">Capitalism or Socialism in Britain? (pamphlet)</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1933: Democracy and Fascism (pamphlet)</li> <li>1933: A Note on the Falsification of Engels' Preface to "Marx’s 'Class Struggles in France"</li> <li>1934: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/fascismandsocialrevolution">Fascism and Social Revolution</a></li> <li>1935: The Question of Fascism and Capitalist Decay</li> <li>1935: British Policy and Nazi Germany</li> <li>1935: The British-German Alliance in the Open</li> <li>1935: For a united Communist Party : an appeal to I.L.P'ers and to all revolutionary workers</li> <li>1936: In Memory of <a href="/wiki/Shapurji_Saklatvala" title="Shapurji Saklatvala">Shapurji Saklatvala</a></li> <li>1936: Anti-Imperialist People's Front in India, <i>written with Ben Bradley</i></li> <li>1936: Left Nationalism in India</li> <li>1938: On the Eve of the Indian National Congress, <i>with Harry Pollitt and Ben Bradley</i></li> <li>1938: Review of Marx & Engels on the U.S. Civil War</li> <li>1939: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/dutt/1939/11/01.htm">Why this War? (pamphlet)</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>1940: Twentieth Anniversary of the Communist Party of Great Britain</li> <li>1940: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indiatodaydutt1940">India Today</a></li> <li>1947: Declaration on Palestine, at the Empire Communist Parties Conference, London on 26 February to 3 March 1947</li> <li>1949: Introductory Report on Election Programme</li> <li>1953: Stalin and the Future</li> <li>1953: The crisis of Britain and the British Empire (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/crisisbritainbritishempiredutt1957">new and revised edition 1957</a>)</li> <li>1955: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indiatodaytomorrowdutt">India Today and Tomorrow</a></li> <li>1963: Problems of Contemporary History</li> <li>1964: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheInternationale">The Internationale</a></li> <li>1967: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/whitherchina">Whither China?</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAhir2018" class="citation book cs1">Ahir, Rajiv (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HBziwQEACAAJ&q=history+of+modern+india+rajiv+ahir"><i>A Brief History of Modern India</i></a>. Spectrum Books (P) Limited. p. 15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-81-7930-688-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-81-7930-688-8"><bdi>978-81-7930-688-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Brief+History+of+Modern+India&rft.pages=15&rft.pub=Spectrum+Books+%28P%29+Limited&rft.date=2018&rft.isbn=978-81-7930-688-8&rft.aulast=Ahir&rft.aufirst=Rajiv&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHBziwQEACAAJ%26q%3Dhistory%2Bof%2Bmodern%2Bindia%2Brajiv%2Bahir&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gopalkrishna Gandhi, <i>Of a Certain Age: Twenty Life Sketches</i>, Penguin Books, pp. 135, 2011</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Faruque Ahmed, <i>Bengal Politics in Britain – Logic, Dynamics & Disharmony</i> pp. 57, 2010.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-India-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-India_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-India_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutt1947" class="citation book cs1">Dutt, R. Palme (1947). <i>India Today (Dust Jacket, Blurb biography)</i>. Raj Bhuvan, Sandhurst Road, Bombay 4: People’s Publishing House.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+Today+%28Dust+Jacket%2C+Blurb+biography%29.&rft.place=Raj+Bhuvan%2C+Sandhurst+Road%2C+Bombay+4&rft.pub=People%E2%80%99s+Publishing+House&rft.date=1947&rft.aulast=Dutt&rft.aufirst=R.+Palme&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henrik Berggren, <i>Underbara dagar framför oss. En biografi över Olof Palme</i>, Stockholm: Norstedts, 2010; p.659</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Balliol College Register, 3rd Edition, p173</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Holmes-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Holmes_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Colin Holmes "Rajani Palme Dutt", in A. Thomas Lane (ed.), <i>Biographical Dictionary of European Labor Leaders</i>, Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1995; vol. 2, p.284</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Francis Beckett <i>Enemy Within: The Rise and Fall of the British Communist Party</i>, London: John Murray, 1995</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoberts1997" class="citation book cs1">Roberts, Edwin A. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZO1-mHHZchQC&q=palme+dutt+fascism&pg=PA69"><i>The Anglo-Marxists: A Study in Ideology and Culture</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780847683963" title="Special:BookSources/9780847683963"><bdi>9780847683963</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anglo-Marxists%3A+A+Study+in+Ideology+and+Culture&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&rft.date=1997&rft.isbn=9780847683963&rft.aulast=Roberts&rft.aufirst=Edwin+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZO1-mHHZchQC%26q%3Dpalme%2Bdutt%2Bfascism%26pg%3DPA69&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/CRIdutt.htm">Rajani Palme Dutt – Biography</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100315204910/http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/CRIdutt.htm">Archived</a> 15 March 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">J. Callaghan, <i>Rajani Palme Dutt</i>. London: Lawrence and Wishart, 1993.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Geoff Andrews, Endgames and New Times, The Final Years of British Communism 1964–1991, Lawrence and Wishart, London 2004, p. 94</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150113161101/http://www.phm.org.uk/archive-study-centre/online-catalogue/"><i>Collection Catalogues and Descriptions</i></a>, Labour History Archive and Study Centre, archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phm.org.uk/archive-study-centre/online-catalogue/">the original</a> on 13 January 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 February</span> 2015</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Collection+Catalogues+and+Descriptions&rft.pub=Labour+History+Archive+and+Study+Centre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.phm.org.uk%2Farchive-study-centre%2Fonline-catalogue%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/subject/india/new-masses/dutt-travel-notes.pdf">"RPD Travel Notes"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Marxists Internet Archive</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Marxists+Internet+Archive&rft.atitle=RPD+Travel+Notes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fsubject%2Findia%2Fnew-masses%2Fdutt-travel-notes.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/subject/india/dutt-in-india.pdf">"RPD India Visit"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Marxists Internet Archive<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=RPD+India+Visit&rft.pub=Marxists+Internet+Archive&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fsubject%2Findia%2Fdutt-in-india.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/subject/india/cpi/new-age/vol5-no10-october1956.pdf">"End page Address Section"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Age Weekly</i>. October 1956.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age+Weekly&rft.atitle=End+page+Address+Section&rft.date=1956-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fsubject%2Findia%2Fcpi%2Fnew-age%2Fvol5-no10-october1956.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/subject/india/cpi/new-age/na-6-1.pdf">"New Age Advertisement Address"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>New Age Weekly</i>: 6. October 1958<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 March</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New+Age+Weekly&rft.atitle=New+Age+Advertisement+Address&rft.pages=6&rft.date=1958-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fsubject%2Findia%2Fcpi%2Fnew-age%2Fna-6-1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGupt2007" class="citation book cs1">Gupt, Anand (2007). <i>Delhi ki Communist Party ka Itihaas (History of Communist Party of Delhi)</i>. Urdu Bazaar, Jama Masjid, Delhi 110006: Communist Party of India, Delhi State Committee. p. 70.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Delhi+ki+Communist+Party+ka+Itihaas+%28History+of+Communist+Party+of+Delhi%29&rft.place=Urdu+Bazaar%2C+Jama+Masjid%2C+Delhi+110006&rft.pages=70&rft.pub=Communist+Party+of+India%2C+Delhi+State+Committee&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Gupt&rft.aufirst=Anand&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location" title="Category:CS1 maint: location">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutt" class="citation web cs1">Dutt, R. Palme. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/dutt/index.htm">"R. Palme Dutt Archive"</a>. <i>marxists.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=marxists.org&rft.atitle=R.+Palme+Dutt+Archive&rft.aulast=Dutt&rft.aufirst=R.+Palme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Farchive%2Fdutt%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutt1931" class="citation book cs1">Dutt, Rajani Palme (1931). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=th9YAAAAMAAJ"><i>Capitalism or socialism in Britain?</i></a>. Communist Party of Great Britain.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Capitalism+or+socialism+in+Britain%3F&rft.pub=Communist+Party+of+Great+Britain&rft.date=1931&rft.aulast=Dutt&rft.aufirst=Rajani+Palme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dth9YAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDutt1939" class="citation book cs1">Dutt, Rajani Palme (1939). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=PITzAAAAMAAJ"><i>Why this war?</i></a>. Communist Party of Great Britain.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Why+this+war%3F&rft.pub=Communist+Party+of+Great+Britain&rft.date=1939&rft.aulast=Dutt&rft.aufirst=Rajani+Palme&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DPITzAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AR.+Palme+Dutt" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/38px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="38" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/57px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/76px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><a href="/wiki/Wikisource" title="Wikisource">Wikisource</a> has original works by or about:<br /><b style="text-align: center;"><i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Author:Rajani_Palme_Dutt" class="extiw" title="s:Author:Rajani Palme Dutt">Rajani Palme Dutt</a></i></b></div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B1ZP6ZurgOg-SEZ4Y2FfUHRRd3c/view?usp=drive_web"><i>Fascism and Social Revolution: A Study of the Economics and Politics of the Extreme Stages of Capitalism in Decay</i></a> (1934)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/TheInternationale"><i>The Internationale</i></a> (1964)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/archive/dutt/index.htm">R. Palme Dutt Archive</a> Marxists Internet Archive</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mkgandhi.org/articles/soul.htm">Resistance to the Soul : Gandhi and His Critics</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #8FBC8F;">Media offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><i>New publication</i><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Thomas_A._Jackson" title="Thomas A. Jackson">Thomas A. Jackson</a> as editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Weekly_(UK)" title="Workers' Weekly (UK)">The Communist</a></i></small></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Editor of <i><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Weekly_(UK)" title="Workers' Weekly (UK)">Workers' Weekly</a></i> </b><br />1923–1924 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/J._R._Campbell_(communist)" title="J. R. Campbell (communist)">J. R. Campbell</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Idris_Cox" title="Idris Cox">Idris Cox</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Editor of the <i><a href="/wiki/Daily_Worker_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Daily Worker (UK)">Daily Worker</a></i> </b><br />1936–1938 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Dave_Springhall" title="Dave Springhall">Dave Springhall</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> Acting General Secretary of the <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain">Communist Party of Great Britain</a> </b><br />1939–1941 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:red;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar 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template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Communist Party of Great Britain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain" title="Communist Party of Great Britain"><span style="color:white">Communist Party of Great Britain</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General Secretaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Inkpin" title="Albert Inkpin">Albert Inkpin</a> (1920–1928)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J._R._Campbell_(communist)" title="J. R. Campbell (communist)">J. R. Campbell</a> (1929)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a> (1929–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajani_Palme_Dutt" class="mw-redirect" title="Rajani Palme Dutt">Rajani Palme Dutt</a> (1939–1941)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a> (1941–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gollan" title="John Gollan">John Gollan</a> (1956–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_McLennan_(politician)" title="Gordon McLennan (politician)">Gordon McLennan</a> (1975–1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nina_Temple" title="Nina Temple">Nina Temple</a> (1989–1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Assistant General Secretaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fred_Peet" title="Fred Peet">Fred Peet</a> (1920–1922)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gollan" title="John Gollan">John Gollan</a> (1947–1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Matthews_(journalist)" title="George Matthews (journalist)">George Matthews</a> (1949–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Wainwright" title="Bill Wainwright">Bill Wainwright</a> (1956-59)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Alexander_(British_politician)" title="Bill Alexander (British politician)">Bill Alexander</a> (1959–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reuben_Falber" title="Reuben Falber">Reuben Falber</a> (1968–1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Chairs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_MacManus" title="Arthur MacManus">Arthur MacManus</a> (1920–1927)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willie_Gallacher_(politician)" title="Willie Gallacher (politician)">Willie Gallacher</a> (1943–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a> (1956–1960)</li> <li>Frank Stanley (1964–1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Chater" title="Tony Chater">Tony Chater</a> (1968–1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Tocher" title="John Tocher">John Tocher</a> (1969–1971)</li> <li>Irene Swann (1972–1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_McGahey" title="Mick McGahey">Mick McGahey</a> (1974–1979)</li> <li>Ron Halverson (1980s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Bolton_(trade_unionist)" title="George Bolton (trade unionist)">George Bolton</a> (1980s–1990)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National Organisers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Bell_(politician)" title="Tom Bell (politician)">Tom Bell</a> (1920–1921)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Stewart_(communist)" title="Bob Stewart (communist)">Bob Stewart</a> (1921–1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_Pollitt" title="Harry Pollitt">Harry Pollitt</a> (1923)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idris_Cox" title="Idris Cox">Idris Cox</a> (1930s)</li> <li>R. W. Robson (1930s)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Springhall" title="Dave Springhall">Dave Springhall</a> (1940–1943)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kerrigan" title="Peter Kerrigan">Peter Kerrigan</a> (1943–1951)</li> <li>Mick Bennett (1951–1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Gollan" title="John Gollan">John Gollan</a> (1954–1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Lauchlan" title="Bill Lauchlan">Bill Lauchlan</a> (1956–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_McLennan_(politician)" title="Gordon McLennan (politician)">Gordon McLennan</a> (1966–1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dave_Cook_(politician)" title="Dave Cook (politician)">Dave Cook</a> (1975–1981)</li> <li>Ian McKay (1982–1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National Industrial Organisers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Ernie Woolley (1925–)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finlay_Hart" title="Finlay Hart">Finlay Hart</a> (1937–1939)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kerrigan" title="Peter Kerrigan">Peter Kerrigan</a> (1939–1942)</li> <li>George Allison (1942–1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Kerrigan" title="Peter Kerrigan">Peter Kerrigan</a> (1951–1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bert_Ramelson" title="Bert Ramelson">Bert Ramelson</a> (1965–1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mick_Costello" title="Mick Costello">Mick Costello</a> (1979–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pete_Carter" title="Pete Carter">Pete Carter</a> (1982–1991)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Publications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Marxism_Today" title="Marxism Today">Marxism Today</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Morning_Star_(UK_newspaper)" class="mw-redirect" title="Morning Star (UK newspaper)">Morning Star</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Weekly_(UK)" title="Workers' Weekly (UK)">Workers' Weekly</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Associated groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_Historians_Group" title="Communist Party Historians Group">Communist Party Historians Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_Communist_Party" title="Jersey Communist Party">Jersey Communist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Left_(Great_Britain)" title="Democratic Left (Great Britain)">Democratic Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Minority_Movement" title="National Minority Movement">National Minority Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Unemployed_Workers%27_Movement" title="National Unemployed Workers' Movement">National Unemployed Workers' Movement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Politics_Network" title="New Politics Network">New Politics Network</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Times_(politics)" title="New Times (politics)">New Times</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_Left" title="Straight Left">Straight Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Communist_League_(Great_Britain)" title="Young Communist League (Great Britain)">Young Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connolly_Association" title="Connolly Association">Connolly Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Predecessors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Socialist_Party" title="British Socialist Party">British Socialist Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Labour_Party_(Scotland)" title="Communist Labour Party (Scotland)">Communist Labour Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_(British_Section_of_the_Third_International)" title="Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)">Communist Party (British Section of the Third International)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Unity_Group" title="Communist Unity Group">Communist Unity Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Wales_Socialist_Society" title="South Wales Socialist Society">South Wales Socialist Society</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Splits</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="Communist Party of Britain">Communist Party of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Appeal_Group" title="Appeal Group">Appeal Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Committee_to_Defeat_Revisionism,_for_Communist_Unity" title="Committee to Defeat Revisionism, for Communist Unity">Committee to Defeat Revisionism, for Communist Unity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_League_(UK,_1932)" title="Communist League (UK, 1932)">Communist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Britain_(Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist)" title="Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)">Communist Party of Britain (Marxist–Leninist)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_(Provisional_Central_Committee)" title="Communist Party of Great Britain (Provisional Central Committee)">Communist Party of Great Britain (PCC)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers%27_Socialist_Federation" title="Workers' Socialist Federation">Workers' Socialist Federation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fife_Socialist_League" title="Fife Socialist League">Fife Socialist League</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Communist_Party_of_Britain" title="New Communist Party of Britain">New Communist Party of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Left" title="New Left">New Left</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_League" title="Revolutionary Marxist–Leninist League">Revolutionary Marxist–Leninist League</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Britain%27s_Road_to_Socialism" title="Britain's Road to Socialism">Britain's Road to Socialism</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Campbell_Case" title="Campbell Case">Campbell Case</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_election_results" title="Communist Party of Great Britain election results">Election results</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Communist_Party_MPs_(UK)" title="List of Communist Party MPs (UK)">Members of Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Percy_Glading" title="Percy Glading">Percy Glading</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zinoviev_letter" title="Zinoviev letter">Zinoviev letter</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1631452#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1631452#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1631452#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/119375028">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50046275">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12172769f">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb12172769f">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00438478">Japan</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nla.gov.au/anbd.aut-an36551477">Australia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=skuk0000345&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX1412438">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/716941">Portugal</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p069075956">Netherlands</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90726449">Norway</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Dutt‏, Rajani Palme, 1896-1974"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000334897&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?authid=315596">Greece</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/64jlnp3q06dj4m6">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dbn.bn.org.pl/descriptor-details/9810558971905606">Poland</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007286791705171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058510287706706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA00762451?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://trove.nla.gov.au/people/1287643">Trove</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-biographie.de/pnd119375028.html?language=en">Deutsche Biographie</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/030277035">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w66t8fzx">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&oldid=1258790594">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=R._Palme_Dutt&oldid=1258790594</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Communist_Party_of_Great_Britain_members" 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