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اخلاقیات - آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا

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<div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA:%D8%AA%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%81" aria-label="ترمیم کاری کے متعلق مزید تفصیلات"><span>مزید تفصیلات</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C_%D8%B4%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8C%DA%BA" title="اس آئی پی پتے سے انجام دی جانے والی تمام ترامیم کی فہرست [y]" accesskey="y"><span>شراکتیں</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%81_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84" title="اس آئی پی پتے کی ترامیم سے متعلق گفتگو [n]" accesskey="n"><span>تبادلۂ خیال</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="ویب گاہ"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">اخلاقیات</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 143 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 زبانیں</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="أخلاقيات – عربی" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أخلاقيات" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="عربی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87_%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82" title="فلسفه اخلاق – فارسی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فلسفه اخلاق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="فارسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="بہترین مضمون"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics – انگریزی" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ethics" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="انگریزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiek" title="Etiek – افریقی" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Etiek" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="افریقی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethik" title="Ethik – سوئس جرمن" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Ethik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="سوئس جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%A5%E1%8A%90_%E1%88%9D%E1%8C%8D%E1%89%A3%E1%88%AD" title="ሥነ ምግባር – امہاری" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ሥነ ምግባር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="امہاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="नैतिकता – انگیکا" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="नैतिकता" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="انگیکا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etica" title="Etica – اراگونیز" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Etica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="اراگونیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica" title="Ética – اسٹوریائی" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ética" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="اسٹوریائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tika" title="Étika – گُارانی" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Étika" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="گُارانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – آذربائیجانی" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="آذربائیجانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اخلاق فلسفه‌سی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اخلاق فلسفه‌سی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0" title="নীতিশাস্ত্র – بنگلہ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নীতিশাস্ত্র" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="بنگلہ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%BBn-l%C3%AD-ha%CC%8Dk" title="Lûn-lí-ha̍k – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lûn-lí-ha̍k" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – باشکیر" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="باشکیر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этыка – بیلاروسی" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Этыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="بیلاروسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этыка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Этыка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Етика – بلغاری" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Етика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="بلغاری" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethik" title="Ethik – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Ethik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – بوسنیائی" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="بوسنیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buhezegezh" title="Buhezegezh – بریٹن" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Buhezegezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="بریٹن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tica" title="Ètica – کیٹالان" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ètica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="کیٹالان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – چیک" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="چیک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Moeseg" title="Moeseg – ویلش" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Moeseg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ویلش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik" title="Etik – ڈینش" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Etik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ڈینش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="بہترین مضمون"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethik" title="Ethik – جرمن" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Ethik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eetika" title="Eetika – اسٹونین" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Eetika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="اسٹونین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%97%CE%B8%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Ηθική – یونانی" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ηθική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="یونانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica" title="Ética – ہسپانوی" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ética" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ہسپانوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiko" title="Etiko – ایسپرانٹو" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Etiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ایسپرانٹو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – باسکی" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="باسکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Ethics" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%B0afr%C3%B8%C3%B0i" title="Siðafrøði – فیروئیز" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Siðafrøði" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="فیروئیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89thique" title="Éthique – فرانسیسی" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éthique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="فرانسیسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyk" title="Etyk – مغربی فریسیئن" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Etyk" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="مغربی فریسیئن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eitic" title="Eitic – آئرش" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eitic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="آئرش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica" title="Ética – گالیشیائی" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ética" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="گالیشیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="倫理學 – gan" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="倫理學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="gan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-guw mw-list-item"><a href="https://guw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nin%E1%BB%8Dm%E1%BA%B9" title="Ninọmẹ – Gun" lang="guw" hreflang="guw" data-title="Ninọmẹ" data-language-autonym="Gungbe" data-language-local-name="Gun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gungbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A4%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="윤리학 – کوریائی" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="윤리학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="کوریائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%A9%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%A1" title="Էթիկա – آرمینیائی" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Էթիկա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="آرمینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="नीतिशास्त्र – ہندی" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="नीतिशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ہندی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – کراتی" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="کراتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiko" title="Etiko – ایڈو" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Etiko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ایڈو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – ایلوکو" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ایلوکو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – انڈونیثیائی" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="انڈونیثیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethica" title="Ethica – بین لسانیات" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Ethica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="بین لسانیات" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Si%C3%B0fr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Siðfræði – آئس لینڈک" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Siðfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="آئس لینڈک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etica" title="Etica – اطالوی" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Etica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="اطالوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A8" title="פילוסופיה של המוסר – عبرانی" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פילוסופיה של המוסר" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="عبرانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tika" title="Étika – جاوی" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Étika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="جاوی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiiki_(%C3%A9thique)" title="Etiiki (éthique) – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Etiiki (éthique)" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ეთიკა – جارجیائی" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ეთიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="جارجیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – قزاخ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="قزاخ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ewnhynsegieth" title="Ewnhynsegieth – کورنش" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Ewnhynsegieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="کورنش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maadili" title="Maadili – سواحلی" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Maadili" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="سواحلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiik" title="Etiik – ہیتی" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Etiik" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ہیتی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tik" title="Étik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Étik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exlaq" title="Exlaq – کردش" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Exlaq" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="کردش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – کرغیزی" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="کرغیزی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etica" title="Etica – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Etica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%88%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%A5%E0%BA%B4%E0%BA%8D%E0%BA%B0%E0%BA%97%E0%BA%B3" title="ຈະລິຍະທຳ – لاؤ" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຈະລິຍະທຳ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="لاؤ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="منتخب مضمون"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethica" title="Ethica – لاطینی" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ethica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="لاطینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%92tika" title="Ētika – لیٹوین" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ētika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="لیٹوین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eethik" title="Eethik – لکسمبرگیش" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Eethik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="لکسمبرگیش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%B1" title="Эдеб – لیزگیان" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Эдеб" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="لیزگیان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – لیتھوینین" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="لیتھوینین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiek" title="Ethiek – لیمبرگش" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Ethiek" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="لیمبرگش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etica" title="Etica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Etica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/marde" title="marde – لوجبان" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="marde" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="لوجبان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lg mw-list-item"><a href="https://lg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Essomampisa" title="Essomampisa – گینڈا" lang="lg" hreflang="lg" data-title="Essomampisa" data-language-autonym="Luganda" data-language-local-name="گینڈا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Luganda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etega" title="Etega – لومبارڈ" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Etega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="لومبارڈ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika_(filoz%C3%B3fia)" title="Etika (filozófia) – ہنگیرین" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Etika (filozófia)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ہنگیرین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE" title="नैतिकता – میتھیلی" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="नैतिकता" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="میتھیلی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Етика – مقدونیائی" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Етика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="مقدونیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – ملاگاسی" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ملاگاسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="നീതിശാസ്ത്രം – مالایالم" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="നീതിശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="مالایالم" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="नीतिशास्त्र – مراٹهی" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="नीतिशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="مراٹهی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ეთიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ეთიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – مالے" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="مالے" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica" title="Ética – میرانڈیز" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Ética" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="میرانڈیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8C" title="Этикась – موکشا" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Этикась" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="موکشا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%81%D1%81_%D0%B7%D2%AF%D0%B9" title="Ёс зүй – منگولین" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Ёс зүй" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="منگولین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9C%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B7%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%B7%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="လူ့ကျင့်ဝတ် – برمی" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="လူ့ကျင့်ဝတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="برمی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Savasava" title="Savasava – فجی" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Savasava" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="فجی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethiek" title="Ethiek – ڈچ" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Ethiek" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ڈچ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="नीतिशास्त्र – نیپالی" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="नीतिशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="نیپالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="倫理学 – جاپانی" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="倫理学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="جاپانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – چیچن" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="چیچن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eetik" title="Eetik – شمالی فریزئین" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Eetik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="شمالی فریزئین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etikk" title="Etikk – نارویجین بوکمل" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Etikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="نارویجین بوکمل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etikk" title="Etikk – نارویجین نینورسک" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Etikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="نارویجین نینورسک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etica" title="Etica – آکسیٹان" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Etica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="آکسیٹان" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakkoo(Ethics)" title="Sakkoo(Ethics) – اورومو" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Sakkoo(Ethics)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="اورومو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – ازبیک" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ازبیک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4%E0%A9%80_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0" title="ਨੀਤੀ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ – پنجابی" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨੀਤੀ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="پنجابی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%86" title="ورتن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ورتن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82" title="اخلاق – پشتو" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اخلاق" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="پشتو" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etix" title="Etix – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Etix" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%85%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%98%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%99%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%91" title="ចរិយាមារយាទ – خمیر" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="ចរិយាមារយាទ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="خمیر" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica" title="Ética – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Ética" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethik" title="Ethik – ادنی جرمن" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Ethik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ادنی جرمن" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etyka" title="Etyka – پولش" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Etyka" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="پولش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tica" title="Ética – پُرتگالی" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Ética" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="پُرتگالی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ahl%C3%A2q" title="Ahlâq – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Ahlâq" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etic%C4%83" title="Etică – رومینین" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Etică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="رومینین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Етіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Етіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – روسی" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="روسی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – ساکھا" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ساکھا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – البانی" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="البانی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%88tica" title="Ètica – سیسیلین" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Ètica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="سیسیلین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A0%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BB%E0%B6%BA" title="සදාචාරය – سنہالا" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සදාචාරය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="سنہالا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics" title="Ethics – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Ethics" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="اخلاقيات – سندھی" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اخلاقيات" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="سندھی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – سلوواک" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="سلوواک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – سلووینیائی" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="سلووینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%95%D9%84%D8%B3%DB%95%D9%81%DB%95%DB%8C_%D8%A6%DB%95%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82" title="فەلسەفەی ئەخلاق – سینٹرل کردش" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فەلسەفەی ئەخلاق" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="سینٹرل کردش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Етика – سربین" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Етика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="سربین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – سربو-کروئیشین" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="سربو-کروئیشین" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tika" title="Étika – سنڈانیز" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Étika" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="سنڈانیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etiikka" title="Etiikka – فینیش" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Etiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="فینیش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik" title="Etik – سویڈش" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Etik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="سویڈش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – ٹیگا لوگ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ٹیگا لوگ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF" title="நன்னெறி – تمل" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நன்னெறி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="تمل" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Этика – تاتار" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Этика" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="تاتار" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%98%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1" title="จริยธรรม – تھائی" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จริยธรรม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="تھائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%85%D0%BB%D0%BE%D2%9B%D0%B8%D1%91%D1%82" title="Ахлоқиёт – تاجک" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Ахлоқиёт" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="تاجک" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik" title="Etik – ترکی" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Etik" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ترکی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Етика – یوکرینیائی" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Етика" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="یوکرینیائی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lwnzleixyoz" title="Lwnzleixyoz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Lwnzleixyoz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik" title="Etik – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Etik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lu%C3%A2n_l%C3%BD_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Luân lý học – ویتنامی" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Luân lý học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ویتنامی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik%C3%A1" title="Etiká – وارے" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Etiká" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="وارے" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="倫理學 – وو چائینیز" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="倫理學" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="وو چائینیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matikhomele" title="Matikhomele – زونگا" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Matikhomele" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="زونگا" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%93%D7%95%D7%AA" title="מידות – یدش" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מידות" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="یدش" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" title="倫理學 – کینٹونیز" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="倫理學" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="کینٹونیز" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik" title="Etik – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Etik" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Et%C4%97ka" title="Etėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Etėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%A6%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="伦理学 – چینی" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伦理学" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="چینی" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etika" title="Etika – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Etika" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etik%C9%99" title="Etikə – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Etikə" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9465#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="ترمیم بین اللسانی روابط" class="wbc-editpage">ترمیم روابط</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="فضائے نام"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="مواد پر مشتمل صفحہ دیکھیں [c]" accesskey="c"><span>صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%84%DB%82_%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84:%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="مضمون کے متعلق گفتگو کریں (صفحہ موجود نہیں) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>تبادلۂ خیال</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="زبان کا لہجہ بدلیں" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">اردو</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="مشاہدات"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA"><span>مطالعہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=edit" title="اس صفحے کے سورس کوڈ میں ترمیم کریں [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ترمیم</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=history" title="اس صفحہ کے سابقہ نسخے [h]" accesskey="h"><span>تاریخچہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="آلات" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">آلات</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">آلات</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> اقدامات </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA"><span>مطالعہ</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=edit" title="اس صفحے کے سورس کوڈ میں ترمیم کریں [e]" accesskey="e"><span>ترمیم</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=history"><span>تاریخچہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> عمومی </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%88%D8%B7_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="اُن تمام ویکی صفحات کی فہرست جو اس صفحہ سے مربوط ہیں [j]" accesskey="j"><span>مربوط صفحات</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%82%DB%81_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%DA%BA/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" rel="nofollow" title="اِس صفحہ سے مربوط صفحات میں حالیہ تبدیلیاں [k]" accesskey="k"><span>متعلقہ تبدیلیاں</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AE%D8%B5%D9%88%D8%B5%DB%8C_%D8%B5%D9%81%D8%AD%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جملہ خصوصی صفحات کی فہرست [q]" accesskey="q"><span>خصوصی صفحات</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;oldid=6132579" title="صفحہ کے اس نسخہ کا مستقل ربط"><span>مستقل ربط</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=info" title="اس صفحہ کے بارے میں مزید معلومات"><span>معلومات صفحہ</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%AD%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%81&amp;page=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;id=6132579&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="اس صفحہ کا حوالہ دینے کا طریقہ"><span>مضمون کا حوالہ</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A2%D8%B1%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%AE%D8%AA%D8%B5%D8%B1_%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%86%D8%AF%DB%81&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fur.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA"><span>مختصر یوآرایل</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fur.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AE%25D9%2584%25D8%25A7%25D9%2582%25DB%258C%25D8%25A7%25D8%25AA"><span>ڈاؤن لوڈ کیوآر</span></a></li><li id="t-shorturl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//ur.wikipedia.org/s/11om" title="اس مختصر ربط کو نقل کریں"><span>مختصر یوآرایل</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> طباعت/برآمد </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA"><span>تخلیق کتاب</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AE%D8%A7%D8%B5:%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%8C_%DA%88%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%81&amp;page=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>ڈاؤن لوڈ بشکلPDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA&amp;printable=yes" title="اِس صفحہ کا قابلِ طبع نسخہ [p]" accesskey="p"><span>قابل طبع نسخہ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> دیگر منصوبے </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ethics" hreflang="en"><span>ویکی ذخائر</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q9465" title="متعلقہ ڈیٹا سے منسلک کریں [g]" accesskey="g"><span>ڈیٹا آئٹم</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">بغلی پٹی پر جائیں</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">چھپائیں</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">آزاد دائرۃ المعارف، ویکیپیڈیا سے</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-rtl mw-parser-output" lang="ur" dir="rtl"><p><b>اخلاقیات</b> یا <b>فلسفہ اخلاق</b>، <a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="فلسفہ">فلسفہ</a> کی ایک شاخ ہے، جس میں <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AE%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%82" title="اخلاق">اخلاق</a> یا اخلاقی قدروں کے بارے میں بحث کی جاتی ہے۔ اچھائی اور برائی، درست یا غلط، <a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81" title="انصاف">انصاف</a> اور انسانی قدریں وغیرہ مباحثے شامل ہیں۔ </p> <table class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#f8f9fa"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">ویکی ذخائر پر <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Ethics" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Ethics">اخلاقیات </a></b> سے متعلق سمعی و بصری مواد ملاحظہ کریں۔</td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6353502">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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href="/w/index.php?title=Cosmology_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cosmology (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Cosmos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_dialogue&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of dialogue (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_education&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of education (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Environmental philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Environment</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_futility&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of futility (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Futility</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_happiness&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of happiness (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Happiness</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_healthcare&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of healthcare (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="فلسفہ تاریخ">تاریخ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophical_anthropology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophical anthropology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Human nature</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theories_of_humor&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Theories of humor (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Humor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feminist_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Feminist philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_language&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of language (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Language</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_life&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of life (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Life</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_and_literature&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy and literature (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Literature</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_mathematics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of mathematics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Mathematics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_mind&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of mind (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Mind</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pain_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pain (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Pain</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_psychology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of psychology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Psychology</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_psychiatry&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of psychiatry (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Philosophy of psychiatry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_perception&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of perception (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Philosophy of perception</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaphilosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaphilosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_religion&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of religion (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_science&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of science (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_physics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of physics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Physics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_chemistry&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of chemistry (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Chemistry</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_biology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of biology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Biology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_geography&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of geography (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Geography</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_sex&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of sex (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Sexuality</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_social_science&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of social science (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Social science</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_culture&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of culture (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_and_economics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy and economics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Economics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B5%D8%A7%D9%81" title="انصاف">انصاف</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_law&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of law (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Political_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Political philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Social philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Society</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_space_and_time&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of space and time (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Space and time</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_sport&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of sport (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_technology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of technology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Technology</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_artificial_intelligence&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of artificial intelligence (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Artificial intelligence</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_computer_science&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of computer science (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Computer science</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_engineering&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of engineering (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_information&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of information (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Information</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_war&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of war (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">War</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="نظام_عقائد" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_philosophies&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="List of philosophies (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">نظام عقائد</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81#تاریخی_جائزہ" title="فلسفہ">بلحاظ دور</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="قدیم فلسفہ">قدیم</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Western philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Western</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medieval_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Medieval philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Medieval</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renaissance_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Renaissance philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Early_modern_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Early modern philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Early modern</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Modern_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Modern philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Contemporary_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Contemporary philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Contemporary</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="قدیم فلسفہ">قدیم</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="چینی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">چینی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agriculturalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Agriculturalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Agriculturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%86%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B4%D8%B3_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="کنفیوشس مت">کنفیوشس مت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legalism_(Chinese_philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Legalism (Chinese philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Legalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=School_of_Names&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="School of Names (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Logicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A4%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مؤیت">مؤیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=School_of_Naturalists&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="School of Naturalists (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Chinese naturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Xuanxue&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Xuanxue (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Neotaoism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A4_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="تاؤ مت">تاؤ مت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yangism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yangism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Yangism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86_%D8%A8%D8%AF%DA%BE_%D9%85%D8%AA" title="زین بدھ مت">زین بدھ مت</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size:90%;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%82%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85_%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="قدیم یونانی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">یونانی</a>-<a href="/w/index.php?title=Hellenistic_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hellenistic philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">رومی</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aristotelianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aristotelianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Aristotelianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atomism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Atomism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Atomism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cynicism_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cynicism (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Cynicism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cyrenaics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cyrenaics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Cyrenaics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eleatics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eleatics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Eleatics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eretrian_school&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eretrian school (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Eretrian school</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epicureanism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Epicureanism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Epicureanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تفسیریات">تفسیریات</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ionian_School_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ionian School (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Ionian</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ephesian_school&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ephesian school (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Ephesian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Milesian_school&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Milesian school (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Milesian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Megarian_school&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Megarian school (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Megarian school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%81%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%B7%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="نو افلاطونیت">نو افلاطونیت</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مشائیت">مشائیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Platonism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Platonism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Platonism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluralist_school&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluralist school (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Pluralism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pre-Socratic_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pre-Socratic philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Presocratic</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pyrrhonism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pyrrhonism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Pyrrhonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="فیثاغورثیت">فیثاغورثیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%86%D9%88_%D9%81%DB%8C%D8%AB%D8%A7%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AB%DB%8C%D8%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="نو فیثاغورثیت (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">نو فیثاغورثیت</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%81%D8%B3%D8%B7%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C" title="سوفسطائی">سوفسطائی</a>ic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="رواقیت">رواقیت</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="ہندوستانی فلسفہ">ہندوستانی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Samkhya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Samkhya (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Samkhya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nyaya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nyaya (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Nyaya</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vaisheshika&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vaisheshika (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Vaisheshika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yoga_Sutras_of_Patanjali&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yoga Sutras of Patanjali (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Yoga</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=M%C4%ABm%C4%81%E1%B9%83s%C4%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mīmāṃsā (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Mīmāṃsā</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%AC%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%DA%A9%D8%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="آجیویکا">آجیویکا</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aj%C3%B1ana&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ajñana (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Ajñana</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charvaka&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charvaka (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Cārvāka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jain_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jain philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Jain</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anekantavada&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anekantavada (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Anekantavada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anekantavada&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anekantavada (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Syādvāda</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Buddhist_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Buddhist philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Buddhist</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C5%9A%C5%ABnyat%C4%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Śūnyatā (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Śūnyatā</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madhyamaka&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Madhyamaka (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Madhyamaka</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yogachara&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Yogachara (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Yogacara</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sautr%C4%81ntika&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sautrāntika (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Sautrāntika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Svatantrika-Prasa%E1%B9%85gika_distinction&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Svatantrika-Prasaṅgika distinction (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Svatantrika</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ایرانی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">فارسی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mazdak&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mazdak (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Mazdakism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%B1%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="زرتشتیت">زرتشتیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Zurvanism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Zurvanism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Zurvanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medieval_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Medieval philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">قرون وسطوی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Western philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">یورپی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Christian philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%AA%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86" title="اصول متکلمین">اصول متکلمین</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Thomism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Thomism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Thomism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Renaissance_humanism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Renaissance humanism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Renaissance humanism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">مشرقی ایشیائی</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_Confucianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Korean Confucianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Korean Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edo_Neo-Confucianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Edo Neo-Confucianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Edo Neo-Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Confucianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Confucianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Neo-Confucianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">ہندوستانی</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AA" title="ویدانت">ویدانت</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Achintya_Bheda_Abheda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Achintya Bheda Abheda (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Acintya bheda abheda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="ادویت">Advaita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bhedabheda&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bhedabheda (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Bhedabheda</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvaita_Vedanta&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvaita Vedanta (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Dvaita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dvaitadvaita&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dvaitadvaita (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Dvaitadvaita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shuddhadvaita&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Shuddhadvaita (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Shuddhadvaita</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vishishtadvaita&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vishishtadvaita (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Vishishtadvaita</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Navya-Ny%C4%81ya&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Navya-Nyāya (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Navya-Nyāya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="اسلامی فلسفہ">اسلامی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B1%D8%B4%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="رشدیت">رشدیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Avicenna&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Avicenna (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Avicennism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Illuminationism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Illuminationism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Illuminationism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85_%DA%A9%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85" title="علم کلام">علم کلام</a></i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%81%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="صوفی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">صوفی</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="یہودی فلسفہ">یہودی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%DB%8C%DB%81%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%92_(800%D8%A1%E2%80%931400%D8%A1)" title="یہودی اسلامی فلسفے (800ء–1400ء)">یہود اسلامی</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="جدید فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">جدید</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">شخصیات</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cartesianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Cartesianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Cartesianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kantianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kantianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Kantianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Kantianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Kantianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Neo-Kantianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Hegelianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Hegelianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Hegelianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marxist_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marxist philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">مارکسی</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spinozism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Spinozism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Spinozism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><span style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC" title="نراج">نراج</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classical_Realism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Classical Realism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Classical Realism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Classical_liberalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Classical liberalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Liberalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Collectivism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Collectivism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Collectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%82%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%AA_%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="قدامت پرستی">قدامت پرستی</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="جبریت">جبریت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mind-body_dualism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mind-body dualism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="تجربیت">تجربیت</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="موجودیت">موجودیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foundationalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Foundationalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Foundationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="تاریخیت">تاریخیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Holism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Holism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Holism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="انسان دوستی">انسان دوستی</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Idealism</a> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Absolute_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Absolute idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Absolute</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=British_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="British idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">British</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=German_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="German idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">German</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objective_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Objective idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Objective</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subjective_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Subjective idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Subjective</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcendental_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transcendental idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Transcendental</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Individualism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Individualism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Individualism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kokugaku&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kokugaku (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Kokugaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مادیت">مادیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AC%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="جدیدیت (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">جدیدیت</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="واحدیت">واحدیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturalism_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturalism (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Naturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Natural_law&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Natural law (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Natural law</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nihilism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nihilism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Nihilism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Confucianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="New Confucianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">New Confucianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Scholasticism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Scholasticism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Neo-Scholasticism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="باعملیت">باعملیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phenomenology_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Phenomenology (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Phenomenology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AB%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مثبتیت">مثبتیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reductionism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reductionism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Reductionism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rationalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Rationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%DB%81%D8%AF%DB%81_%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C" title="معاہدہ عمرانی">معاہدہ عمرانی</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B4%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="اشتراکیت">اشتراکیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Transcendentalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Transcendentalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Transcendentalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utilitarianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Utilitarianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Utilitarianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="معاصر فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">معاصر</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="تجزیاتی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">تجزیاتی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Applied_ethics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Applied ethics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Applied ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Analytical_feminism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Analytical feminism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Analytic feminism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Analytical_Marxism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Analytical Marxism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Analytical Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Communitarianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Communitarianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Communitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consequentialism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Consequentialism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Consequentialism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Critical_rationalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Critical rationalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Critical rationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Experimental_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Experimental philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Experimental philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falsifiability&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Falsifiability (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Falsificationism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foundationalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Foundationalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Foundationalism</a>&#160;/&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Coherentism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Coherentism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Coherentism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Generative_grammar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Generative grammar (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Generative linguistics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internalism_and_externalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Internalism and externalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Internalism and Externalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Logical_positivism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Logical positivism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Logical positivism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Legal_positivism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Legal positivism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Legal positivism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Normative_ethics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Normative ethics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Normative ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Meta-ethics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Meta-ethics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Meta-ethics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moral_realism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moral realism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Moral realism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtue_ethics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Virtue ethics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Neo-Aristotelian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturalized_epistemology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturalized epistemology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Quinean naturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ordinary_language_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ordinary language philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Ordinary language philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Postanalytic_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Postanalytic philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Postanalytic philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Quietism_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Quietism (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Quietism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=John_Rawls&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="John Rawls (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Rawlsian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reformed_epistemology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reformed epistemology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Reformed epistemology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Systemics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Systemics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Systemics</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Scientism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Scientific_realism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Scientific realism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Scientific realism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skeptical_movement&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Skeptical movement (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Scientific skepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Utilitarianism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Utilitarianism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Contemporary utilitarianism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vienna_Circle&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vienna Circle (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Vienna Circle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%84%DA%88%D9%88%DA%AF_%D9%88%D9%B9%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%B9%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%86" title="لڈوگ وٹگنسٹائن">وٹگنسٹائن</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B9%D8%B8%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="براعظمی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">براعظمی</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Critical_theory&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Critical theory (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Critical theory</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deconstruction&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deconstruction (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Deconstruction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="موجودیت">موجودیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Feminist_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Feminist philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Feminist</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Frankfurt_School&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Frankfurt School (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Frankfurt School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Historicism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="New Historicism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">New Historicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%81%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="تفسیریات">تفسیریات</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Neo-Marxism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Neo-Marxism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Neo-Marxism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Phenomenology_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Phenomenology (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Phenomenology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Postmodern_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Postmodern philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Postmodernism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B3_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="پس ساختیات">پس ساختیات</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Social_constructionism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Social constructionism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Social constructionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AE%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ساختیات">ساختیات</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_Marxism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Western Marxism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Western Marxism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.6em;font-weight: normal;">دیگر</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kyoto_School&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kyoto School (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Kyoto School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivism_(Ayn_Rand)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Objectivism (Ayn Rand) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Russian_cosmism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Russian cosmism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Russian cosmism</a></li> <li><i><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_philosophies&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="List of philosophies (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">more.۔۔</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="نظریات" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">نظریات</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="جمالیات">جمالیات</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Formalism_(art)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Formalism (art) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Formalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Theory_of_art&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Theory of art (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Institutionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aesthetic_emotions&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aesthetic emotions (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Aesthetic response</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">اخلاقیات</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Consequentialism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Consequentialism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Consequentialism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deontological_ethics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Deontological ethics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Deontology</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Virtue_ethics&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Virtue ethics (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Virtue</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D8%A2%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%AF%D8%A6_%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%81" title="آزادئ ارادہ">آزادئ ارادہ</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Compatibilism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Compatibilism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Compatibilism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="جبریت">جبریت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Libertarianism_(metaphysics)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Libertarianism (metaphysics) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Libertarianism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7_%D8%A8%D8%B9%D8%AF_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="ما بعد الطبیعیات">ما بعد الطبیعیات</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Atomism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Atomism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Atomism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mind-body_dualism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mind-body dualism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Dualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%AD%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="واحدیت">واحدیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Metaphysical_naturalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Metaphysical naturalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Naturalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="علمیات">علمیات</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Constructivist_epistemology&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Constructivist epistemology (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Constructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="تجربیت">تجربیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemological_idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemological idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemological_particularism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemological particularism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Particularism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fideism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fideism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Fideism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rationalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rationalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Rationalism</a>&#160;/&#32;<a href="/w/index.php?title=Reasonism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reasonism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Reasonism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophical_skepticism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophical skepticism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Skepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Solipsism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Solipsism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Solipsism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophy_of_mind&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophy of mind (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">عقل</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Behaviorism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Behaviorism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Behaviorism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Emergentism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Emergentism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Emergentism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eliminative_materialism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eliminative materialism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Eliminativism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epiphenomenalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Epiphenomenalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Epiphenomenalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Functionalism_(philosophy_of_mind)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Functionalism (philosophy of mind) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Functionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Objectivity_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Objectivity (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Objectivism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Subjectivism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Subjectivism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Subjectivism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Norm_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Norm (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Normativity</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moral_absolutism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moral absolutism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Absolutism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moral_particularism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moral particularism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Particularism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Relativism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Relativism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Relativism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moral_nihilism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moral nihilism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Nihilism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moral_skepticism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moral skepticism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Skepticism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moral_universalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moral universalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Universalism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D9%88%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="وجودیات">وجودیات</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Action_theory_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Action theory (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Event_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Event (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Event</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Process_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Process philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Process</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em"><a href="/wiki/%D8%AD%D9%82%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%AA" title="حقیقت">حقیقت</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Anti-realism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Anti-realism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Anti-realism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Conceptualism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Conceptualism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Conceptualism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Idealism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Idealism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Idealism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="مادیت">مادیت</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Naturalism_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Naturalism (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Naturalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nominalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nominalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Nominalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Physicalism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Physicalism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Physicalism</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philosophical_realism&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philosophical realism (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Realism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="فلسفہ_بلحاظ_خطہفلسفہ_متعلقہ_فہرستیںمتفرق" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li>فلسفہ بلحاظ خطہ</li><li>فلسفہ متعلقہ فہرستیں</li><li>متفرق</li></ul></div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em">بلحاظ خطہ</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=African_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="African philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">African</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ethiopian_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ethiopian philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Ethiopian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aztec_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aztec philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indigenous_American_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indigenous American philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Native America</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chinese_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Chinese philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ancient_Egyptian_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ancient Egyptian philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Czech_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Czech philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81" title="ہندوستانی فلسفہ">ہندوستانی فلسفہ</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Indonesian_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Indonesian philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Indonesian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Iranian_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Iranian philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Iranian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Japanese_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Japanese philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Korean_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Korean philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vietnamese_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Vietnamese philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Vietnam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%81%D9%84%D8%B3%D9%81%DB%81&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="پاکستانی فلسفہ (صفحہ موجود 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title="Philosophical movement (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Movements</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_important_publications_in_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="List of important publications in philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Publications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:6.8em">متفرق</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Women_in_philosophy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Women in philosophy (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Women in philosophy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sage_(philosophy)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sage (philosophy) (صفحہ موجود نہیں)">Sage (philosophy)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span 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