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[r]" accesskey="r"><span>Perubahan terbaru</span></a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik"><span>Artikel pilihan</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini"><span>Peristiwa terkini</span></a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru"><span>Halaman baru</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Halaman sembarang</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi"><span>Warung Kopi</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu"><span>Portal komunitas</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan."><span>Bantuan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal"><span>Tentang Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar"><span>Pancapilar</span></a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman"><span>Kebijakan</span></a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami"><span>Hubungi kami</span></a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir"><span>Bak pasir</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Pencarian</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Tampilan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class=""><span>Menyumbang</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Afiks" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class=""><span>Buat akun baru</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Afiks" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Masuk log</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas pribadi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id"><span>Menyumbang</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Afiks" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Buat akun baru</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Afiks" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Masuk log</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting"><span>pelajari lebih lanjut</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribusi</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Jenis-jenis_Imbuhan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jenis-jenis_Imbuhan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Jenis-jenis Imbuhan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jenis-jenis_Imbuhan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fungsi_Imbuhan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fungsi_Imbuhan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Fungsi Imbuhan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fungsi_Imbuhan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_peN-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_peN-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Awalan peN-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_peN--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_ber-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_ber-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Awalan ber-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_ber--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_meN-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_meN-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Awalan meN-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_meN--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_di-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_di-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Awalan di-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_di--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_ter-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_ter-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Awalan ter-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_ter--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_se-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_se-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Awalan se-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_se--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awalan_per-" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awalan_per-"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Awalan per-</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awalan_per--sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Akhiran_–an" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Akhiran_–an"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Akhiran –an</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Akhiran_–an-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Gulingkan subbagian Akhiran –an</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Akhiran_–an-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Perbedaan-perbedaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perbedaan-perbedaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Perbedaan-perbedaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perbedaan-perbedaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apitan_ke-an" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apitan_ke-an"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Apitan ke-an</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apitan_ke-an-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apitan_peN-an" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apitan_peN-an"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Apitan peN-an</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apitan_peN-an-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apitan_per-an" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apitan_per-an"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Apitan per-an</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apitan_per-an-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Apitan_se-nya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Apitan_se-nya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Apitan se-nya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Apitan_se-nya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Klitika_–ku,_–mu,_–nya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Klitika_–ku,_–mu,_–nya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Klitika –ku, –mu, –nya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Klitika_–ku,_–mu,_–nya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_pula" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_pula"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Lihat pula</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_pula-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gulingkan daftar isi</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Afiks</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 81 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-81" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">81 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%AF%D8%A9_(%D9%84%D8%BA%D8%A9)" title="زائدة (لغة) – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="زائدة (لغة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixu" title="Afixu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Afixu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9E%C9%99kil%C3%A7i" title="Şəkilçi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Şəkilçi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="اک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="اک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kruna_tiron" title="Kruna tiron – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kruna tiron" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афікс – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Афікс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афікс – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Афікс" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%BC%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B8" title="एफ़िक्स – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एफ़िक्स" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kenger" title="Kenger – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kenger" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afix" title="Afix – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Afix" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iglalanggikit" title="Iglalanggikit – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Iglalanggikit" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afix" title="Afix – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Afix" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dodiad" title="Dodiad – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Dodiad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%C9%9Blimpahirili" title="Biɛlimpahirili – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Biɛlimpahirili" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix_(Linguistik)" title="Affix (Linguistik) – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Affix (Linguistik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%83%CF%86%CF%85%CE%BC%CE%B1" title="Πρόσφυμα – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρόσφυμα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afikso" title="Afikso – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Afikso" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afijo" title="Afijo – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Afijo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hizki" title="Hizki – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Hizki" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF" title="وند – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="وند" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiksi" title="Affiksi – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Affiksi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affixe" title="Affixe – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Affixe" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Frisia Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixo" title="Afixo – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Afixo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%AA" title="מוספית – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מוספית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toldal%C3%A9k" title="Toldalék – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Toldalék" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81" title="Ածանց – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ածանց" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affixo" title="Affixo – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Affixo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixo" title="Afixo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Afixo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/A%C3%B0skeyti" title="Aðskeyti – Islandia" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Aðskeyti" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Islandia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affisso" title="Affisso – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Affisso" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%A5%E8%BE%9E" title="接辞 – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="接辞" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/rafsi" title="rafsi – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="rafsi" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiks" title="Afiks – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Afiks" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98" title="აფიქსი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აფიქსი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%91%EC%82%AC" title="접사 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="접사" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gire" title="Gire – Kurdi" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Gire" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D2%AF%D1%87%D3%A9" title="Мүчө – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Мүчө" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affixum" title="Affixum – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Affixum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afiksas" title="Afiksas – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Afiksas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afikss" title="Afikss – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Afikss" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tsirinteny" title="Tsirinteny – Malagasi" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Tsirinteny" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афикс – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Афикс" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imbuhan" title="Imbuhan – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Imbuhan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiss" title="Affiss – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Affiss" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Formant_(morfologia)" title="Formant (morfologia) – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Formant (morfologia)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afixo" title="Afixo – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Afixo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afix" title="Afix – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Afix" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obrazilo" title="Obrazilo – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Obrazilo" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndajshtesa" title="Ndajshtesa – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ndajshtesa" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афикс – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Афикс" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affix" title="Affix – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Affix" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kiambishi" title="Kiambishi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Kiambishi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%84%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Аффикс – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Аффикс" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B3%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A1" title="หน่วยคำเติม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หน่วยคำเติม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Panlapi" title="Panlapi – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Panlapi" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ek" title="Ek – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ek" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D1%84%D1%96%D0%BA%D1%81" title="Афікс – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Афікс" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affiks" title="Affiks – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Affiks" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ph%E1%BB%A5_t%E1%BB%91" title="Phụ tố – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Phụ tố" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sititchete_(linwince)" title="Sititchete (linwince) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Sititchete (linwince)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tigdugtong" title="Tigdugtong – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Tigdugtong" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AF%8D%E7%BC%80" title="词缀 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="词缀" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%A3%E2%B5%A1%E2%B5%89%E2%B5%94" title="ⴰⵣⵡⵉⵔ – Tamazight Maroko Standar" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⴰⵣⵡⵉⵔ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="Tamazight Maroko Standar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%9E%E7%B6%B4" title="詞綴 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="詞綴" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A9%9E%E7%B6%B4" title="詞綴 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="詞綴" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62155#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Afiks" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Halaman</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Afiks" rel="discussion" title="Pembicaraan halaman isi [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Pembicaraan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ubah varian bahasa" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Bahasa Indonesia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Afiks"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=history" title="Revisi sebelumnya dari halaman ini. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Perkakas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Perkakas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Opsi lainnya" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Tindakan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Afiks"><span>Baca</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit" title="Sunting halaman ini [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Sunting</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit" title="Sunting kode sumber halaman ini [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Sunting sumber</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=history"><span>Lihat riwayat</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Umum </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pranala_balik/Afiks" title="Daftar semua halaman wiki yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Pranala balik</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terkait/Afiks" rel="nofollow" title="Perubahan terbaru halaman-halaman yang memiliki pranala ke halaman ini [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Perubahan terkait</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_istimewa" title="Daftar semua halaman istimewa [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Halaman istimewa</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&oldid=26366411" title="Pranala permanen untuk revisi halaman ini"><span>Pranala permanen</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=info" title="Informasi lanjut tentang halaman ini"><span>Informasi halaman</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Kutip&page=Afiks&id=26366411&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informasi tentang bagaimana mengutip halaman ini"><span>Kutip halaman ini</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAfiks"><span>Lihat URL pendek</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAfiks"><span>Unduh kode QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Afiks"><span>Buat buku</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Afiks&action=show-download-screen"><span>Unduh versi PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versi cetak</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Dalam proyek lain </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Affixes" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q62155" title="Pranala untuk menghubungkan butir pada ruang penyimpanan data [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Butir di Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Peralatan halaman"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Tampilan</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><p><b>Imbuhan</b> atau <b>afiks</b> adalah <a href="/wiki/Bunyi" title="Bunyi">bunyi</a> yang ditambahkan pada sebuah <a href="/wiki/Kata" title="Kata">kata</a>—entah di awal, di akhir, di tengah, atau gabungan di antara tiga imbuhan itu—untuk membentuk kata baru yang artinya berhubungan dengan kata yang pertama. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Jenis-jenis_Imbuhan">Jenis-jenis Imbuhan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Jenis-jenis Imbuhan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Jenis-jenis Imbuhan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Imbuhan menurut posisinya terbagi ke dalam empat bentuk, yaitu: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awalan" class="mw-redirect" title="Awalan">Awalan</a> (prefiks), contoh: mem-</li></ul> <p>, ber-, di-, ter-, peN-, per-, se-, me- dan ke-. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sisipan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sisipan">Sisipan</a> (infiks), contoh: -el-, -em-, -er-, -e-, dan -in-.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akhiran" class="mw-redirect" title="Akhiran">Akhiran</a> (sufiks), contoh: -kan, -an, -i, dan -nya.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konfiks" title="Konfiks">Apitan</a> atau <a href="/wiki/Simulfiks" title="Simulfiks">luluhan</a> (simulfiks): berupa awalan dan akhiran yang pemakaiannya sekaligus. Contoh: ke-an, per-an, peN-an, ber-an, dan se-nya.</li></ul> <p>Di samping itu, terdapat pula imbuhan yang merupakan serapan dari bahasa asing, yaitu: -i ; -iah; -man ; -wan ; -wati ; -iyah ; - is ; -sasi ; -isme. </p><p>Imbuhan tersebut di antaranya sebagai berikut. </p> <ul><li>Dari bahasa Arab: -ah, -i. Fungsinya sebagai pembentuk atau penanda <a href="/wiki/Kata_sifat" class="mw-redirect" title="Kata sifat">kata sifat</a>. Contoh: manusiawi, alamiah, alami.</li> <li>Dari bahasa Sanskerta: -man, -wan, -wati. Fungsinya sebagai pembentuk kata benda. Contoh: budiman, wartawan, peragawati.</li> <li>Dari <a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: -an, -en, -is, -if, -al. Fungsinya sebagai pembentuk kata sifat. Contoh: imigran, presiden, egois, deskriptif, formal.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fungsi_Imbuhan">Fungsi Imbuhan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Fungsi Imbuhan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Fungsi Imbuhan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pemakaian imbuhan dapat mengubah <a href="/wiki/Kelas_kata" title="Kelas kata">kelas kata</a>. Kata benda misalnya, setelah diberi imbuhan bisa menjadi kata kerja, kata sifat, atau kata lainnya. </p><p>Contoh: </p> <ul><li>darah (benda) -> berdarah (sifat),</li> <li>indah (sifat) -> seindah-indahnya (keterangan),</li> <li>mandi (kerja) -> pemandian (benda).</li></ul> <p>Fungsi imbuhan adalah: </p> <ul><li>Membentuk kata benda, yakni peN-, pe-, per-, ke-, -isme, -wan, -sasi, -tas, peN-an, pe-an, per-an, dan ke-an. Contoh: pelaut, penyapu, wartawan, dll.</li> <li>Membentuk kata kerja, yakni me-, ber-, per-, ter-, di, -kan, ter-kan, dan di-i. Contohnya: melaut berlayar, terlihat diminum, bawakan, lempari, menaiki.</li> <li>Membentuk kata sifat, yakni –i, -wi, -iah, dan –is. Contohnya: manusiawi, duniawi, ilmiah, agamais.</li> <li>Membentuk kata bilangan yakni se- dan ke-. Contohnya: sepuluh dan kedua.</li> <li>Membentuk kata keterangan, se-nya ; -nya ; -an, Contoh: sepertinya, habis-habisan, seindah-indahnya, dll.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_peN-">Awalan peN-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan peN-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan peN-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Imbuhan peN- merupakan salah satu awalan yang pemakaiannya sangat produktif. Makna yang dikandung awalan peN- bermacam-macam antara lain: </p> <ul><li>Menyatakan yang melakukan perbuatan. Contoh: penulis, pembaca.</li> <li>Menyatakan pekerjaan. Contoh: pengusaha, pedagang.</li> <li>Menyatakan alat. Contoh: pengerat, penggaris.</li> <li>Menyatakan memiliki sifat. Contoh: pemaklum, penggembira.</li> <li>Menyatakan penyebab. Contoh: pemanis, pemutih.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_ber-">Awalan ber-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan ber-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan ber-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Awalan ber- mempunyai kaidah sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Apabila diikuti kata dasar yang berawalan dengan huruf /r/ dan beberapa kata dasar yang suku pertamanya berakhir dengan /er/, maka ber- menjadi be-. Contoh: be + amal = beramal, be + kerja = bekerja.</li> <li>Apabila diikuti kata dasar ajar, maka ber- menjadi bel-. Contoh: bel + ajar = belajar.</li> <li>Apabila diikuti kata dasar selain yang disebutkan di atas, maka ber- tetap tanpa perubahan. Contoh: ber + balik = berbalik.</li></ul> <p>Makna yang terkandung oleh awalan ber-, antara lain: </p> <ul><li>Mempunyai, contoh: <i>beratap, beranak, berhasil</i>.</li> <li>Menggunakan, contoh: <i>bersepeda, bersepatu</i>.</li> <li>Mengeluarkan, contoh: <i>bertelur, berbau, berkata</i>.</li> <li>Menyatakan sikap mental, contoh: <i>berbahagia, berhati-hati</i>.</li> <li>Dalam jumlah, contoh: <i>berdua, bertiga</i>.</li></ul> <p>Dalam beberapa tulisan atau berbagai percakapan sering dijumpai pelesapan-pelesapan imbuhan ber-. Perhatikan kalimat berikut: </p> <ul><li>Usahanya belum <i>hasil</i>.</li> <li>Pendapat kita memang <i>beda</i>.</li> <li>Murid-murid sudah <i>kumpul</i> di muka kelas.</li></ul> <p>Bentuk-bentuk tanpa ber- seperti pada contoh di atas merupakan pemakaian kalimat yang tidak baku. Hal tersebut antara lain merupkan unsur pengaruh dari bahasa daerah. Kalimat-kalimat tersebut seharusnya diucapkan: </p> <ul><li>Usahanya belum <i>berhasil.</i></li> <li>Pendapat kita memang <i>berbeda.</i></li> <li>Murid-murid sudah <i>berkumpul</i> di muka kelas.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_meN-">Awalan meN-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan meN-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan meN-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apabila awalan meN- dihubungkan dengan kata dasar (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Inggris" title="Bahasa Inggris">bahasa Inggris</a>: <span lang="en"><i><i><b>word stem</b></i>, <i><b>root word</b></i></i></span>) dengan <i>fonem awal</i> tertentu, terjadi ragam bentuk, yakni me-, mem-, men, meng-, dan meny-. </p> <dl><dt>Kaidah imbuhan meN-</dt></dl> <p>Imbuhan meN- apabila ditambahkan pada kata dasar ber<i>fonem awal</i> vokal, /k/, /h/, /g/, /kh/ berubah menjadi meng- Contoh: </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>a</b></i>mbil = <i><b>menga</b></i>mbil,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>e</b></i>lak = <i><b>menge</b></i>lak,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>g</b></i>ali = <i><b>mengg</b></i>ali,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>h</b></i>arap = <i><b>mengh</b></i>arap,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>i</b></i>kut = <i><b>mengi</b></i>kut,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>k</b></i>alah = <i><b>menga</b></i>lah,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>kh</b></i>awatirkan = <i><b>mengkh</b></i>awatirkan,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>o</b></i>bral = <i><b>mengo</b></i>bral,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>u</b></i>lang = <i><b>mengu</b></i>lang.</li></ul> <p>Jika imbuhan meN- ditambahkan pada kata dasar dengan <i>fonem awal</i> /l/, /m/, /n/, /ng/, /ny/, /r/, /y/, atau /w/, bentuknya berubah menjadi me- </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>l</b></i>amar = <i><b>mel</b></i>amar,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>m</b></i>akan = <i><b>mem</b></i>akan,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>n</b></i>ikah = <i><b>men</b></i>ikah,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>ng</b></i>anga = <i><b>meng</b></i>anga,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>ny</b></i>anyi = <i><b>meny</b></i>anyi,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>r</b></i>aih = <i><b>mer</b></i>aih,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>w</b></i>ajibkan = <i><b>mew</b></i>ajibkan,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>y</b></i>akini = <i><b>mey</b></i>akini.</li></ul> <p>Jika meN- ditambahkan pada kata dasar yang ber<i>fonem awal</i> /c/, /d/, /j/, /sy/ atau /t/ bentuknya berubah menjadi men- </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>c</b></i>ari = <i><b>menc</b></i>ari,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>d</b></i>atang = <i><b>mend</b></i>atang,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>j</b></i>adi = <i><b>menj</b></i>adi,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>sy</b></i>ukuri = <i><b>mensy</b></i>ukuri,</li></ul> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>t</b></i>anam = <i><b>men</b></i>anam.</li></ul> <p>Jika meN- ditambahkan pada kata dasar ber<i>fonem awal</i> /b/, /p/, atau /f/, bentuknya berubah menjadi mem- </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>b</b></i>abat = <i><b>memb</b></i>abat,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>f</b></i>okuskan = <i><b>memf</b></i>okuskan,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>p</b></i>ukul = <i><b>mem</b></i>ukul.</li></ul> <p>Jika meN- ditambahkan pada kata dasar ber<i>fonem awal</i> /s/ bentuknya berubah menjadi meny- . </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>s</b></i>atu = <i><b>meny</b></i>atu,</li></ul> <p>Jika meN- ditambahkan pada kata dasar yang bersuku satu, bentuknya berubah menjadi menge-. </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>b</b></i>om = <i><b>meng</b></i>ebom,</li> <li>meN- + <i><b>c</b></i>ek = <i><b>meng</b></i>ecek,</li></ul> <p>Jika dirasakan masih baru, proses peluluhan kata-kata yang berasal dari bahasa asing tidak berlaku. Namun, jika kata dasar itu tidak asing lagi, proses penggabungan mengikuti kaidah yang umum. </p> <ul><li>meN- + <i><b>pr</b></i>oduksi = <i><b>mempr</b></i>oduksi</li></ul> <p>Jika kata kerja berkata dasar tunggal direduplikasi, kata dasarnya diulangi dengan mempertahankan peluluhan konsonan pertamanya. </p> <ul><li>tulis = menulis-nulis; tulis-menulis.</li> <li>karang = mengarang-ngarang; karang-mengarang.</li> <li>cek = mengecek-ngecek.</li> <li>ulangi = mengulang-ulangi.</li></ul> <p>Makna awalan meN- adalah sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Melakukan perbuatan, tindakan; Contoh: <i>mengambil, menjual.</i></li> <li>Melakukan perbuatan dengan alat: Contoh: <i>mengambil, menyabit.</i></li> <li>Menjadi atau dalam keadaan; contoh: <i>menurun, meluap.</i></li> <li>Membuat kesan; contoh: <i>mengalah, membisu.</i></li> <li>Menuju ke; contoh: <i>mendarat, menepi.</i></li> <li>Mencari; contoh: <i>mendamar.</i></li></ul> <p>Fonem /p/ menjadi luluh ke dalam fonem /m/. Namun, peluluhan tidak terjadi jika fonem /p/ adalah permulaan dari prefiks per- atau kata dasarnya mulai dengan per- atau pe- tertentu. </p> <ul><li>meN- + pertinggi = mempertinggi.</li> <li>meN- + pertaruhkan = mempertaruhkan.</li></ul> <p>Penulisan yang benar untuk makna ‘membuat jadi lebih tinggi’ adalah mempertinggi atau meninggikan bukan mempertinggikan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_di-">Awalan di-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan di-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan di-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Awalan di- bermakna suatu perbuatan yang pasif, sebagai kebalikan dari awalan (me-(N)) yang bermakna aktif. Contoh: di- + baca = dibaca; di- + ambil = diambil; di- + sebut = disebut; di- + makan = dimakan; di- + jual = dijual; di- + serang = diserang. </p><p>Jika di- diikuti oleh kata yang menunjukkan tempat, waktu dan lain-lain maka penulisannya dipisah. Contoh: di siang hari, di malam hari, di sekolah, di rumah, dan <a href="/wiki/Serang" class="mw-redirect" title="Serang">di Serang</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_ter-">Awalan ter-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan ter-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan ter-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Imbuhan ter- menyatakan makna sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Sudah di- atau dapat di-; contoh: tertutup, terbuka.</li> <li>Ketidaksengajaan; contoh: terbawa, terambil.</li> <li>Tiba-tiba; contoh: teringat, terjatuh.</li> <li>Paling/superlatif; contoh: terindah, terbagus.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_se-">Awalan se-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan se-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan se-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Awalan se- mengalami ragam-ragam makna, yakni sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Satu; contoh: seekor, sebutir.</li> <li>Seluruh, seisi; contoh: serumah, sekampung.</li> <li>Sama-sama; contoh: sepermainan, seperjuangan.</li> <li>Sama dengan, seperti; contoh: seperti, selebar, seenaknya, semaumu.</li> <li>Menyatakan waktu; contoh: sesudah, selagi.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awalan_per-">Awalan per-</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Awalan per-" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Awalan per-"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Awalan per- berubah menjadi pe- apabila ditambahkan pada kata dasar yang diawali huruf /r/ </p> <ul><li>per- + ringan = peringan</li></ul> <p>Awalan per- juga berubah menjadi pe- apabila ditambahkan pada kata dasar yang tersusun atas huruf-huruf berikut: </p> <ul><li>huruf ke-1 adalah konsonan,</li> <li>huruf ke-2 dan ke-3 adalah /er/, dan</li> <li>huruf ke-4 adalah konsonan</li></ul> <p>Contoh: </p> <ul><li>per- + kerja + -an = pekerjaan</li> <li>per- + ternak + -an = peternakan</li></ul> <p>Imbuhan per- berubah menjadi pel- apabila ditambahkan pada bentuk dasar ajar </p> <ul><li>per- + ajar = pelajar</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Akhiran_–an"><span id="Akhiran_.E2.80.93an"></span>Akhiran –an</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Akhiran –an" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Akhiran –an"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Pada umumnya akhiran –an membentuk kata benda misalnya, pukulan, manisan, satuan, ratusan. Makna akhiran –an adalah sebagi berikut: </p> <ul><li>Menyatakan tempat, contoh: pangkalan, kubangan.</li> <li>Menyatakan alat, contoh: timbangan, ayunan.</li> <li>Menyatakan hal atau cara, contoh: didikan, pimpinan.</li> <li>Menyatakan akibat, hasil perbuatan, contoh: hukuman, balasan.</li> <li>Menyatakan sesuatu yang di, contoh: catatan, suruhan.</li> <li>Menyatakan seluruh, kumpulan, contoh: lautan, sayuran.</li></ul> <p><b>Fungsi</b> </p> <ul><li>Membentuk kata kerja. Semua kata yang berakhiran –kan dan –i dengan atau tanpa awalan merupakan kata kerja. Tanpa awalan, akhiran –kan dan –i itu merupakan kata kerja bentuk imperatif. Contoh: <ul><li>Panas (kata sifat)</li> <li>Panaskan (kata kerja)</li> <li>Panasi (kata kerja)</li></ul></li> <li>Menjadikan kata kerja taktransitif menjadi kata kerja transitif. Contoh: <ul><li>Didi duduk di kursi (taktransitif)</li> <li>Didi menduduki kursi (transitif)</li> <li>Didi mendudukkan adik di kursi (transitif)</li></ul></li> <li>Mengintensifkan arti. Contoh: <ul><li>Polisi menangkap penjahat.</li> <li>Polisi menangkapi penjahat (pekerjaan itu dilakukan berulang-ulang karena objeknya lebih dari satu).</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perbedaan-perbedaan">Perbedaan-perbedaan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Perbedaan-perbedaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Perbedaan-perbedaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Objek yang mengikuti kata kerja berakhiran –kan berpindah tempatnya dan objek itu merupakan alat. Objek yang mengikuti kata kerja berakhiran –i tetap tempatnya, tidak berpindah, dan objek itu merupakan tempat berlakunya pekerjaan itu: Contoh: <ul><li>Petani itu menanamkan benih di sawahnya.</li> <li>Petani itu menanami sawahnya.</li></ul></li> <li>Kata kerja berakhiran –kan diikuti oleh objek penderita, sedangkan kata kerja berakhiran –i diikuti objek penyerta. Contoh: <ul><li>Dia menawarkan pekerjaan kepada saya.</li> <li>Dia menawari saya pekerjaan.</li></ul></li> <li>Adakalanya perbedaan kedua akhiran itu kurang jelas sehingga pemakaiannya seolah-olah sama saja dan dapat saling menggantikan. Contoh: <ul><li>Dia menamai anaknya Alam. (menamai = memberi nama)</li> <li>Dia menamakan anaknya Alam. (menamakan = menyebabkan bernama)</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apitan_ke-an">Apitan ke-an</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Apitan ke-an" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Apitan ke-an"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apitan ke-an berfungsi sebagai pembentuk kata benda abstrak. Misalnya, kepandaian, kecepatan, keindahan, kesehatan. Apitan ke-an memiliki makna sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Menyatakan keadaaan: contoh; kedinginan, kesakitan.</li> <li>Menyatakan intensitas (terlalu, terlampau); contoh: kebesaran, kemahalan.</li> <li>Menyatakan agak, menyerupai: contoh: kehijau-hijauan, kebarat-baratan.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apitan_peN-an">Apitan peN-an</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Apitan peN-an" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Apitan peN-an"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apitan peN–an mempunyai ragam bentuk pe-an, pem-an, peng-an, peny-an. Makna apitan peN-an adalah sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Menyatakan hal yang berhubungan dengan kata dasar. Contoh: penanaman, pendidikan.</li> <li>Menyatakan proses/perbuatan. Contoh: pemberontakan, pendaftaran.</li> <li>Menyatakan hasil. Contoh: penyamaran, pengakuan.</li> <li>Menyatakan alat. Contoh: penciuman.</li> <li>Menyatakan tempat. Contoh: penampungan, pemandian.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apitan_per-an">Apitan per-an</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Apitan per-an" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Apitan per-an"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Makna apitan per-an adalah sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Menyatakan tempat. Contoh: perhentian, percetakan.</li> <li>Menyatakan daerah. Contoh: perkebunan.</li> <li>Menyatakan hasil perbuatan. Contoh: pernyataan, pertahanan.</li> <li>Menyatakan perihal. Contoh: peristilahan, perhukuman.</li> <li>Menyatakan banyak, bermacam-bermacam. Contoh: peralatan, persyaratan.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Apitan_se-nya">Apitan se-nya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bagian: Apitan se-nya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Apitan se-nya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Apitan se-nya umumnya disertakan pada kata ulang. Fungsinya membentuk kata keterangan. Contoh: se-nya + putih -> seputih-putihnya ; se-nya + pintar -> sepintar-pintarnya </p><p>Apitan se-nya menyatakan superlatif atau tingkat paling tinggi yang dapat dicapai. Contoh: seputih-putihnya = seputih mungkin ; sepintar-pintarnya = sepintar mungkin. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Klitika_–ku,_–mu,_–nya"><span id="Klitika_.E2.80.93ku.2C_.E2.80.93mu.2C_.E2.80.93nya"></span>Klitika –ku, –mu, –nya</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bagian: Klitika –ku, –mu, –nya" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Klitika –ku, –mu, –nya"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Fungsi</b> </p> <ul><li>Sebagai penunjuk kepunyaan. Contoh: <ul><li>rumahku, rumahmu, rumahnya</li></ul></li> <li>Sebagai alat pembentuk kata benda. Contoh: <ul><li>salah (kata sifat) = salahmu (kata benda).</li> <li>duduk (kata benda) = duduknya (kata benda),</li></ul></li> <li>Sebagai objek penderita Contoh: <ul><li>Sudah beberapa kali ia membujukku.</li> <li>Ia memandangnya tajam-tajam.</li></ul></li> <li>Sebagai objek penyerta. Contoh: <ul><li>Surat itu telah kukirimkan kepadanya.</li> <li>Barang-barang ini sengaja dia bel untukmu.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Khusus untuk –nya, selain sebagai klitika atau kata ganti orang, juga berfungsi sebagai imbuhan. </p><p>Fungsi imbuhan –nya adalah sebagai berikut: </p> <ul><li>Sebagai pembentuk kata keterangan. Contoh: <ul><li>Agaknya akan turun hujan hari ini.</li> <li>Tidak selamanya orang menderita.</li></ul></li> <li>Sebagai penunjuk. Contoh: <ul><li>Penyakit seperti ini sukar dicari obatnya.</li> <li>Rumah kami besar, kamar-kamarnya luas.</li></ul></li> <li>Bersama-sama dengan awalan se- menyatakan superlatif. Contoh: <ul><li>Sepandai-pandainya tupai melompat, sekali gagal juga.</li> <li>Sepeda adik yang baru dibeli bercat merah.</li></ul></li></ul> <p>Pemakaian –nya pada kata rumah dan sepeda adalah tidak perlu karena rujukannya sudah dinyatakan langsung. Perhatikan kalimat di bawah ini: </p> <ul><li>a) Rumah paman bertingkat dua. ; b) Rumahnya bertingkat dua.</li> <li>a) Sepeda adiknya yang baru dibeli bercat merah. ; b) Sepedanya bercat merah.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_pula">Lihat pula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat pula" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Afiks&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat pula"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nasalisasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasalisasi">Nasalisasi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kata_dasar" title="Kata dasar">Kata dasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daftar_Istilah_Linguistik" class="mw-redirect" title="Daftar Istilah Linguistik">Daftar Istilah Linguistik</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18342415">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox-body{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:smaller}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.75em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Noun_project_1822.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Ikon rintisan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Noun_project_1822.svg/37px-Noun_project_1822.svg.png" decoding="async" width="37" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Noun_project_1822.svg/55px-Noun_project_1822.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Noun_project_1822.svg/74px-Noun_project_1822.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="38" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">Artikel bertopik <a href="/wiki/Bahasa" title="Bahasa">bahasa</a> ini adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Rintisan" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:Rintisan">rintisan</a>. 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