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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Intersex_rights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Intersex rights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Intersex_rights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Conversion_therapy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Conversion_therapy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Conversion therapy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Conversion_therapy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Blood_donation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Blood_donation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Blood donation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Blood_donation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Living_conditions" class="vector-toc-list-item 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vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" 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Available in 11 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-11" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">11 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AB%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%86_%D9%81%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%BA%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A" title="معاملة المثليين في الأوروغواي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="معاملة المثليين في الأوروغواي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drets_del_col%C2%B7lectiu_LGBT_a_l%27Uruguai" title="Drets del col·lectiu LGBT a l'Uruguai – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Drets del col·lectiu LGBT a l'Uruguai" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/LGBT_pr%C3%A1va_v_Uruguayi" title="LGBT práva v Uruguayi – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="LGBT práva v Uruguayi" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Droits_LGBT_en_Uruguay" title="Droits LGBT en Uruguay – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Droits LGBT en Uruguay" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diritti_LGBT_in_Uruguay" title="Diritti LGBT in Uruguay – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Diritti LGBT in Uruguay" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%96%D7%9B%D7%95%D7%99%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%94%D7%98%22%D7%91_%D7%91%D7%90%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%92%D7%95%D7%95%D7%90%D7%99" title="זכויות להט"ב באורוגוואי – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="זכויות להט"ב באורוגוואי" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sytuacja_prawna_i_spo%C5%82eczna_os%C3%B3b_LGBT_w_Urugwaju" title="Sytuacja prawna i społeczna osób LGBT w Urugwaju – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Sytuacja prawna i społeczna osób LGBT w Urugwaju" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direitos_LGBT_no_Uruguai" title="Direitos LGBT no Uruguai – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Direitos LGBT no Uruguai" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polo%C5%BEaj_LGBT_osoba_u_Urugvaju" title="Položaj LGBT osoba u Urugvaju – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Položaj LGBT osoba u Urugvaju" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quy%E1%BB%81n_LGBT_%E1%BB%9F_Uruguay" title="Quyền LGBT ở Uruguay – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Quyền LGBT ở Uruguay" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%ADLGBT%E6%9D%83%E7%9B%8A" title="乌拉圭LGBT权益 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乌拉圭LGBT权益" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" 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<div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBT_history_in_Uruguay&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT history in Uruguay">LGBT history in Uruguay</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="vcard" style="background:none; font-size:100%; padding:0.15em 0.1em; line-height:1.2em;">LGBTQ rights in Uruguay</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:URY_orthographic.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/URY_orthographic.svg/220px-URY_orthographic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/URY_orthographic.svg/330px-URY_orthographic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/URY_orthographic.svg/440px-URY_orthographic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="550" data-file-height="550" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Criminalization_of_homosexuality" title="Criminalization of homosexuality">Status</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Legal since 1934</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">Gender identity</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Transgender people allowed to change legal gender without a diagnosis, hormone therapy, sterilization or surgery</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/LGBT_people_and_military_service" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT people and military service">Military</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Gays, lesbians and bisexuals allowed to serve openly</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Anti-discrimination_law" title="Anti-discrimination law">Discrimination protections</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Sexual orientation or identity protections since 2004 (<a href="#Discrimination_protections">see below</a>)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Family rights</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Template:Same-sex_unions" title="Template:Same-sex unions">Recognition of relationships</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_Uruguay" title="Same-sex marriage in Uruguay">Civil unions since 2008;<br />Same-sex marriage since 2013</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_adoption" title="Same-sex adoption">Adoption</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Full adoption rights since 2009</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/Lesbian" title="Lesbian">Lesbian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gay" title="Gay">gay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bisexual" class="mw-redirect" title="Bisexual">bisexual</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transgender" title="Transgender">transgender</a>, and queer (<a href="/wiki/LGBTQ" title="LGBTQ">LGBTQ</a>) rights in Uruguay rank <a href="/wiki/Equaldex#LGBT_Equality_Index" title="Equaldex">among the highest in the world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Same-sex sexual activity has been legal with an equal age of consent since 1934. Anti-discrimination laws protecting LGBT people have been in place since 2004. <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">Civil unions</a> for same-sex couples have been allowed since 2008 and <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriages</a> since 2013, in accordance with the nation's <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_Uruguay" title="Same-sex marriage in Uruguay">same-sex marriage</a> law passed in early 2013. Additionally, same-sex couples have been allowed to jointly adopt since 2009 and gays, lesbians and bisexuals are allowed to serve openly in the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Uruguay" title="Armed Forces of Uruguay">military</a>. Finally, in 2018, a new law guaranteed the human rights of the trans population. </p><p>In 2016, <i><a href="/wiki/Americas_Quarterly" title="Americas Quarterly">Americas Quarterly</a></i> named Uruguay the most LGBT-friendly country in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a>, calling the nation "a model for social inclusion in Latin America". It also hosted the first international LGBT rights conference in the region in July 2016, with hundreds of diplomats, politicians and activists from around the world addressing LGBT issues.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large majority of Uruguayans support same-sex marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Law_regarding_same-sex_sexual_activity">Law regarding same-sex sexual activity</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Law regarding same-sex sexual activity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Montevideo_queer.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Montevideo_queer.jpg/170px-Montevideo_queer.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="227" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Montevideo_queer.jpg/255px-Montevideo_queer.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Montevideo_queer.jpg/340px-Montevideo_queer.jpg 2x" data-file-width="375" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gay_Pride_Day" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay Pride Day">Gay Pride Day</a> in <a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a>, Uruguay.</figcaption></figure> <p>Same-sex sexual activity was decriminalized in 1934.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Age_of_consent" title="Age of consent">age of consent</a> became equal at 15, regardless of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">sexual orientation</a> and/or <a href="/wiki/Gender" title="Gender">gender</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recognition_of_same-sex_relationships">Recognition of same-sex relationships</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Recognition of same-sex relationships"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_Uruguay" title="Same-sex marriage in Uruguay">Same-sex marriage in Uruguay</a></div> <p>Same-sex couples have been allowed to marry since August 2013, and have had access to <a href="/wiki/Civil_union" title="Civil union">civil unions</a>, which do not grant all the benefits and responsibilities of marriage, since 2008. </p><p>Uruguay was the first <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin American</a> country to legalize civil unions under national legislation. Under the legislation, couples must be together for at least five years and sign a registry. The couples will receive health benefits, inheritance, parenting and pension rights. The bill was passed in <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Uruguay" title="General Assembly of Uruguay">Parliament</a> on 30 November 2007 after having been passed in a slightly different form in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Uruguay" title="Senate of Uruguay">Senate</a> earlier in February 2007; the bill was passed by both chambers in the same form on 19 December,<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and signed into law by President <a href="/wiki/Tabar%C3%A9_V%C3%A1zquez" title="Tabaré Vázquez">Tabaré Vázquez</a> on 27 December.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It came into effect on 1 January 2008.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2012, a judicial court in Uruguay granted recognition to a same-sex marriage licensed in <a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a>, creating a paradoxical situation, in which Uruguay recognizes same-sex marriages established in any country but Uruguay,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Uruguayans who marry elsewhere can petition a judge to recognize their marriage under Uruguayan law. The court also held that local laws permit same-sex marriage, even if they do not say so explicitly.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ruling was appealed, however, and rendered moot when Uruguay's same-sex marriage law went into effect. </p><p>In July 2010, lawmakers of the ruling <a href="/wiki/Broad_Front_(Uruguay)" title="Broad Front (Uruguay)">Broad Front</a> announced their intention to legalize same-sex marriage.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, a same-sex marriage bill was introduced to Parliament. In December 2012, the bill passed the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Uruguay" title="Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay">Chamber of Representatives</a> by a vote of 81–6,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and passed the Senate on 2 April 2013 by a 23–8 vote. Due to the Senate changing some aspects of the bill, the Chamber of Representatives re-voted on the bill on 11 April 2013, and approved it by a vote of 71 to 21,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> completing the legislative process to enable same-sex couples to marry in the nation. The legislatively approved law was signed by <a href="/wiki/President_of_Uruguay" title="President of Uruguay">President</a> <a href="/wiki/Jose_Mujica" class="mw-redirect" title="Jose Mujica">Jose Mujica</a> on 3 May,<sup id="cite_ref-LEY_Nº_19.075_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-LEY_Nº_19.075-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and went into full effect on 5 August 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais.com.uy_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais.com.uy-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Adoption_and_family_planning">Adoption and family planning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Adoption and family planning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/LGBT_parenting" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT parenting">LGBT parenting</a></div> <p>Since September 2009, same-sex couples in a civil union can jointly adopt. The law enabling this was approved by the Chamber of Representatives on 28 August 2009 and by the Senate on 9 September 2009.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Uruguay was the first country in <a href="/wiki/Latin_America" title="Latin America">Latin America</a> to allow same-sex couples to adopt children.<sup id="cite_ref-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>17 out of 23 senators voted in favour of the move.<sup id="cite_ref-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the vote, Senator <a href="/wiki/Margarita_Percovich" title="Margarita Percovich">Margarita Percovich</a> said: "It is a right for the boys and the girls, not a right for the adults. It streamlines the adoption process and does not discriminate".<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diego Sempol, a representative of the gay rights group, Black Sheep, said: "This law is a significant step toward recognizing the rights of homosexual couples".<sup id="cite_ref-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Cotugno" class="mw-redirect" title="Nicolas Cotugno">Nicolas Cotugno</a>, archbishop of <a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a>, had previously said it would be a "serious error to accept the adoption of children by homosexual couples", claiming it was "not about religion, philosophy or sociology. It's something which is mainly about the respect of human nature itself".<sup id="cite_ref-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption_25-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He also claimed: "The Church cannot accept a family made up of two people of the same sex. These are people who unite and live their life together, but the Church does not consider that a family. A child is not something you make. I don't want to be too harsh in my comment, but with all due respect, a child is not a pet".<sup id="cite_ref-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Senator Francisco Gallinal of the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Uruguay)" title="National Party (Uruguay)">National Party</a> claimed: "The family is the bedrock of society and this measure weakens it. For us, allowing children to be adopted by same-sex couples is conditioning the child's free will."<sup id="cite_ref-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, the same-sex marriage law approved in 2013 allows lesbian couples to access <a href="/wiki/In_vitro_fertilisation" title="In vitro fertilisation">in vitro fertilisation</a>. </p><p>On 3 October 2018, a family judge ruled that the Ministry of Education and Culture had discriminated when it prohibited an unmarried lesbian couple from listing both of their surnames on their twin daughters' records. The judge ruled that this was discrimination on account of sexual orientation as heterosexual couples in Uruguay are not obligated to be married in order to give their children their respective surnames.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lesbian couple, named Karina and Fernanda, met in 2015, and their twin daughters, Belen and Juliet, were born through <a href="/wiki/Assisted_reproductive_technology" title="Assisted reproductive technology">assisted reproductive technology</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Media outlets reported that, following the ruling, several other unmarried lesbian couples had applied to have their child/children carry both their surnames.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Ministers_of_Education_and_Culture_(Uruguay)" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Ministers of Education and Culture (Uruguay)">Minister of Education</a> <a href="/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Julia_Mu%C3%B1oz" title="María Julia Muñoz">María Julia Muñoz</a> said that it would not appeal the court ruling.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Discrimination_protections">Discrimination protections</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Discrimination protections"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2003, incitement to hatred on the grounds of <a href="/wiki/Sexual_orientation" title="Sexual orientation">sexual orientation</a> and "sexual identity" has been prohibited. In addition, article 149ter of the Penal Code provides for enhanced penalties for crimes motivated by "sexual orientation" or "sexual identity".<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2004, an anti-discrimination law was passed to create an Honorary Commission to Combat Racial Discrimination, Xenophobia and other forms of Discrimination (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Comisión Honoraria contra el Racismo, la Xenofobia y toda otra forma de Discriminación</i>), including sexual orientation and sexual identity discrimination. The commission is intended to investigate allegations of unlawful discriminatory conduct.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military_service">Military service</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Military service"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since May 2009, gay and bisexual people have been allowed to serve openly in the <a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_of_Uruguay" title="Armed Forces of Uruguay">military of Uruguay</a>, after the Defence Minister signed a decree stating that military recruitment policy would no longer discriminate on the basis of sexual orientation.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gender_identity_and_expression">Gender identity and expression</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Gender identity and expression"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In October 2009, in a 51–2 vote in the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Uruguay" title="Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay">Chamber of Representatives</a> and 20–0 in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Uruguay" title="Senate of Uruguay">Senate</a>, the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Uruguay" title="General Assembly of Uruguay">General Assembly</a> passed a law allowing transgender people over the age of 18 to change their name and legal gender on official documents, so that it is in line with their <a href="/wiki/Gender_identity" title="Gender identity">gender identity</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since October 2018, <a href="/wiki/Sex_reassignment_surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Sex reassignment surgery">sex reassignment surgery</a>, hormone therapy or any form of diagnosis are not requirements to alter one's gender on official documents.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The estimated 1,000 transgender Uruguayans have a life expectancy of around 35 to 45 years of age, when the national average is 77. They have a very high level of marginality in terms of health, education and employment. 25% had left their home before the age of 18 after being rejected by their family, 87% did not finish secondary school and suffered discrimination in the educational field and 67% became prostitutes to generate income, according to figures from the Faculty of Social Sciences at the <a href="/wiki/University_of_the_Republic_(Uruguay)" title="University of the Republic (Uruguay)">University of the Republic</a>. Other studies show that about 75% have been expelled from the education system, and that only 23% have access to formal employment.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, during the <a href="/wiki/Civic-military_dictatorship_of_Uruguay" title="Civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay">Uruguayan Dictatorship</a>, the transgender population suffered severe torture, sexual violence and unjustified imprisonment.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> September 2018 reports indicated that six trans women had died since discussions of a revised transgender bill began in early 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In October 2018, in a 62–26 vote in the <a href="/wiki/Chamber_of_Representatives_of_Uruguay" title="Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay">Chamber of Representatives</a> and 17–12 in the <a href="/wiki/Senate_of_Uruguay" title="Senate of Uruguay">Senate</a>, the <a href="/wiki/General_Assembly_of_Uruguay" title="General Assembly of Uruguay">General Assembly</a> passed the <i>Comprehensive Law for Trans Persons</i> (<a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Ley Integral Para Personas Trans</i>) that allows minors to change legal gender with parental consent. The law also established a framework to revert past discriminatory state actions, including providing monetary reparations to transgender individuals persecuted during the <a href="/wiki/Civic-military_dictatorship_of_Uruguay" title="Civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay">Uruguayan Dictatorship</a> (estimated to be around 50 people).<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, it mandates that transgender people receive 1 percent of public and private educational scholarships. The law stipulates the "free development of personality according to their chosen gender identity", and calls on the Government to ensure that transgender people are treated respectfully by authorities, included in housing programmes, have access to education, and are not denied health services.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In complying with the new law, the <a href="/wiki/Obras_Sanitarias_del_Estado" title="Obras Sanitarias del Estado">Obras Sanitarias del Estado</a> (the state water company) began offering jobs for transgender people in July 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between November 2018 and March 2019, about 69,360 signatures were collected for a petition to trigger a "pre-referendum" against the law. The petition was presented by <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Uruguay)" title="National Party (Uruguay)">National Party</a> members <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Iafigliola" title="Carlos Iafigliola">Carlos Iafigliola</a> and Álvaro Dastugue to the Electoral Court in late March 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ruling <a href="/wiki/Broad_Front_(Uruguay)" title="Broad Front (Uruguay)">Broad Front</a> expressed "concerns" about "an onslaught of misinformation" concerning the law, arguing that the promoters of the campaign against the law had used "false" arguments and criticised a "campaign of lies". The party urged for a boycott.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Popular_Unity_(Uruguay)" title="Popular Unity (Uruguay)">Popular Unity</a> rejected the call for the referendum.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Episcopal_Conference_of_Uruguay" title="Episcopal Conference of Uruguay">Episcopal Conference of Uruguay</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_Uruguay" title="Catholic Church in Uruguay">Catholic Church</a> published a letter from the Archbishop of Montevideo, Cardinal <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Sturla" title="Daniel Sturla">Daniel Sturla</a>, in which it states that although he is against several articles of the law, because they are "based on <a href="/wiki/Anti-gender_movement" title="Anti-gender movement">gender ideology</a>" and are "incompatible with Christian anthropology", he did not sign the repeal petition because the "Catholic Church has to be on the side of those who suffer and have suffered". The letter further states that the position of the religious institution is to say "No to discrimination, yes to respect."<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_Nations" title="United Nations">United Nations</a> expressed concern about the referendum initiative.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Medical Union of Uruguay (SMU) and the National Institution for Human Rights (INDDH) rejected it as well, with the latter warning of a "devastating impact" and that it would be "a setback in the recognition of fundamental rights" for transgender people.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pre-referendum on the law occurred on 4 August 2019. If 25% of the electoral roll, about 650,000 people, had voted in favor, a consultation for its repeal would have taken place.<sup id="cite_ref-elpais_41-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-elpais-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, only about 10% of voters took part. As such, the law will remain in force and no general referendum will be held. <a href="/wiki/Carlos_Iafigliola" title="Carlos Iafigliola">Carlos Iafigliola</a>, one of the initiators of the initiative, lamented that even members of his party—the <a href="/wiki/National_Party_(Uruguay)" title="National Party (Uruguay)">National Party</a>—did not participate.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although Law 19,684 (article 4c) recognizes non-binary gender persons in its definitions, there is no third gender marker option available other than female and male.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Law_19,684_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Law_19,684-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the "Non-binary people survey 2022" one of the reasons that influence non-binary people not to use the legal gender change procedure is because there is no non-binary gender option.<sup id="cite_ref-NB_survey_2022_63-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NB_survey_2022-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Intersex_rights">Intersex rights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Intersex rights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Intersex_human_rights" title="Intersex human rights">Intersex human rights</a></div> <p>Article 22 of <i>Law No. 19580 on violence against women based on gender</i> (<i>Ley N° 19580 de violencia hacia las mujeres basada en género</i>), in force since January 2018, establishes the protocolization of <a href="/wiki/Intersex_medical_interventions" title="Intersex medical interventions">interventions regarding intersex persons</a>, prohibiting unnecessary medical procedures for children and teenagers.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conversion_therapy">Conversion therapy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Conversion therapy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Adopted in 2017, the <i>Law No. 19529 on Mental Health</i> (<i>Ley N° 19529 de Salud Mental</i>) states that in no case a diagnosis can be made in the field of mental health on the exclusive basis of sexual orientation and gender identity.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Blood_donation">Blood donation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Blood donation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Previously, gay and bisexual men could donate blood in Uruguay, provided they hadn't had sex for 12 months.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>But from 16 December 2020, the rules changed, and now they can donate blood under the same conditions as the rest of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-montevideo.com.uy_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montevideo.com.uy-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Living_conditions">Living conditions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Living conditions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg/220px-Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg/330px-Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg/440px-Plaza_y_monolito_de_la_diversidad_sexual.jpg 2x" data-file-width="640" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption>The "Sexual Diversity Monument" in Montevideo. In the centre is a triangular prism, reading: <i>Honrar la diversidad es honrar la vida. Montevideo por el respeto a todo género de identidad y orientación sexual. Año 2005</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Uruguay is regarded as a global leader in human rights and LGBT rights, with legislation in place protecting LGBT people from discrimination and allowing same-sex couples to wed and adopt. The "Gay Happiness Index" (GHI) published based on a 2015 poll by <a href="/wiki/PlanetRomeo" title="PlanetRomeo">PlanetRomeo</a> lists Uruguay at rank five with a GHI score of 73, on par with countries such as <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Canada">Canada</a>, <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Norway">Norway</a>, <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Sweden" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Sweden">Sweden</a>, <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Denmark" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Denmark">Denmark</a> and <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Iceland" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Iceland">Iceland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Societal acceptance of homosexuality and same-sex relationships is very high, with a 2014 poll finding that about 71% of Uruguayans supported same-sex marriage (the highest in <a href="/wiki/South_America" title="South America">South America</a> and the second highest in the <a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Americas">Americas</a> behind <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nevertheless, transgender people still face discrimination and stigma. According to the <a href="/wiki/State_Health_Services_Administration" title="State Health Services Administration">State Health Services Administration</a> (ASSE), life expectancy for transgender people is just 45 years old. About two-thirds of transgender Uruguayans have reported being victim of physical violence.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Montevideo Pride parade has taken place annually since the 1990s. In 2018, the event was attended by an estimated 120,000 people.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It usually is celebrated on the last Friday of September, and has turned into one of Uruguay's largest public events. Other events include Punta Pride, held annually in <a href="/wiki/Punta_del_Este" title="Punta del Este">Punta del Este</a> in February. <a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a> is frequently referred to as one of the most gay-friendly cities in the world. There are several gay bars, restaurants and pubs in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gloria_Meneses" title="Gloria Meneses">Gloria Meneses</a>, known as "the mother of travestis" is an early and notable activist, who lived in Montevideo.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Summary_table">Summary table</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Summary table"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg/220px-Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg/330px-Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c4/Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg/440px-Bandera_gay_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="945" data-file-height="630" /></a><figcaption>Unofficial flag of the Uruguayan LGBT community</figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <td>Same-sex sexual activity legal </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 1934) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Equal age of consent (15) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 1934) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Anti-discrimination laws in employment only </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2004) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2004) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech) </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2003) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Hate crime law includes sexual orientation and sexual identity </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2003) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Recognition of same-sex couples </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2008) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Same-sex marriages </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2013) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Joint adoption by same-sex couples </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td>LGBT people allowed to serve openly in the military </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Right to change legal gender </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2009) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Intersex minors protected from invasive surgical procedures </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2018) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Third_gender" title="Third gender">Third gender</a> option </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="No"><img alt="No" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Access to IVF for lesbians </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2013) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Automatic parenthood for both spouses after birth </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2013) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Conversion_therapy" title="Conversion therapy">Conversion therapy</a> banned on minors </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2017) </td></tr> <tr> <td>Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:X_mark.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="No"><img alt="No" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/15px-X_mark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/23px-X_mark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/X_mark.svg/30px-X_mark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Banned regardless of sexual orientation)<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Men_who_have_sex_with_men" title="Men who have sex with men">MSMs</a> allowed to donate blood </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yes_check.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Yes"><img alt="Yes" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/15px-Yes_check.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/23px-Yes_check.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/fb/Yes_check.svg/30px-Yes_check.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> (Since 2020)<sup id="cite_ref-montevideo.com.uy_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-montevideo.com.uy-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg/28px-Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg/42px-Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg/56px-Nuvola_LGBT_flag.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:LGBTQ" title="Portal:LGBTQ">LGBTQ portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/32px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/48px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/Flag_of_Uruguay.svg/64px-Flag_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="341" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Uruguay" title="Portal:Uruguay">Uruguay portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_in_Uruguay" title="Human rights in Uruguay">Human rights in Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Americas">LGBT rights in the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage_in_Uruguay" title="Same-sex marriage in Uruguay">Same-sex marriage in Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karina_Pankievich" title="Karina Pankievich">Karina Pankievich</a>, Uruguayan trans activist</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.equaldex.com/region/uruguay">"LGBT Rights in Uruguay"</a>. <i>Equaldex</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Equaldex&rft.atitle=LGBT+Rights+in+Uruguay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.equaldex.com%2Fregion%2Furuguay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2016/07/21/uruguay-global-leader-lgbti-rights">"Uruguay: A Global Leader for LGBTI Rights"</a>. <i>World Bank</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=World+Bank&rft.atitle=Uruguay%3A+A+Global+Leader+for+LGBTI+Rights&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldbank.org%2Fen%2Fnews%2Ffeature%2F2016%2F07%2F21%2Furuguay-global-leader-lgbti-rights&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.voanews.com/a/americas_effort-roll-back-transgender-rights-fails-uruguay/6173293.html">"Effort to Roll Back Transgender Rights Fails in Uruguay"</a>. <i>VOA</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=VOA&rft.atitle=Effort+to+Roll+Back+Transgender+Rights+Fails+in+Uruguay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.voanews.com%2Fa%2Famericas_effort-roll-back-transgender-rights-fails-uruguay%2F6173293.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.newnownext.com/uruguay-lgbt-rights/10/2016/">Uruguay Named Most LGBT-friendly Country In Latin America</a>, <i>NewNowNext</i>, 26 October 2016</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170411071847/http://www.pewforum.org/2014/11/13/chapter-5-social-attitudes/">"Religion in Latin America Chapter 5: Social Attitudes"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Pew_Research_Center" title="Pew Research Center">Pew Research Center</a>. 13 November 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pewforum.org/2014/11/13/chapter-5-social-attitudes/">the original</a> on 11 April 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Religion+in+Latin+America+Chapter+5%3A+Social+Attitudes&rft.pub=Pew+Research+Center&rft.date=2014-11-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pewforum.org%2F2014%2F11%2F13%2Fchapter-5-social-attitudes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070519085106/http://pseudoghetto.com/homosexualidad_en_la_historia_de.htm">"Homosexualidad en la historia de Uruguay"</a>. 19 May 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pseudoghetto.com/homosexualidad_en_la_historia_de.htm">the original</a> on 19 May 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Homosexualidad+en+la+historia+de+Uruguay&rft.date=2007-05-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fpseudoghetto.com%2Fhomosexualidad_en_la_historia_de.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071220133508/http://www.365gay.com/Newscon07/12/121907ur.htm">"Uruguayan Pres. To Sign Gay Unions Bill"</a>. <i>365Gay.com</i>. 19 December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.365gay.com/Newscon07/12/121907ur.htm">the original</a> on 20 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=365Gay.com&rft.atitle=Uruguayan+Pres.+To+Sign+Gay+Unions+Bill&rft.date=2007-12-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.365gay.com%2FNewscon07%2F12%2F121907ur.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629081011/http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-6419.html">"Uruguay's President grants legal rights for gay couples"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pinknews.co.uk/news/articles/2005-6419.html">the original</a> on 29 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uruguay%27s+President+grants+legal+rights+for+gay+couples&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pinknews.co.uk%2Fnews%2Farticles%2F2005-6419.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071229153715/http://365gay.com/Newscon07/12/122807ur.htm">"Civil Unions Begin Next Week in Uruguay"</a>. <i>365Gay.com</i>. 28 December 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.365gay.com/Newscon07/12/122807ur.htm">the original</a> on 29 December 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=365Gay.com&rft.atitle=Civil+Unions+Begin+Next+Week+in+Uruguay&rft.date=2007-12-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.365gay.com%2FNewscon07%2F12%2F122807ur.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://historico.elpais.com.uy/120609/pnacio-645421/politica/por-primera-vez-justicia-uruguaya-reconoce-matrimonio-homosexual/">"Por primera vez Justicia uruguaya reconoce matrimonio homosexual"</a>. <i>El Pais (Uruguay)</i>. 9 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pais+%28Uruguay%29&rft.atitle=Por+primera+vez+Justicia+uruguaya+reconoce+matrimonio+homosexual&rft.date=2012-06-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fhistorico.elpais.com.uy%2F120609%2Fpnacio-645421%2Fpolitica%2Fpor-primera-vez-justicia-uruguaya-reconoce-matrimonio-homosexual%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontopmag.com/article.aspx?id=12076&MediaType=1&Category=24">"Uruguay Recognizes Marriage of Gay Couple"</a>. <i>OnTopMag</i>. 10 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=OnTopMag&rft.atitle=Uruguay+Recognizes+Marriage+of+Gay+Couple&rft.date=2012-06-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ontopmag.com%2Farticle.aspx%3Fid%3D12076%26MediaType%3D1%26Category%3D24&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.180.com.uy/articulo/26703">"Justicia uruguaya reconoció un matrimonio gay"</a>. <i>180.com Uruguay</i>. 8 June 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=180.com+Uruguay&rft.atitle=Justicia+uruguaya+reconoci%C3%B3+un+matrimonio+gay&rft.date=2012-06-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.180.com.uy%2Farticulo%2F26703&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130510202437/http://www.elobservador.com.uy/noticia/225858/jueza-afirmo-que-la-ley-ya-habilita-el-matrimonio-homosexual/">"Jueza afirmó que la ley ya habilita el matrimonio homosexual"</a>. <i>El Observador</i>. 12 June 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elobservador.com.uy/noticia/225858/jueza-afirmo-que-la-ley-ya-habilita-el-matrimonio-homosexual/">the original</a> on 10 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 April</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Observador&rft.atitle=Jueza+afirm%C3%B3+que+la+ley+ya+habilita+el+matrimonio+homosexual&rft.date=2012-06-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elobservador.com.uy%2Fnoticia%2F225858%2Fjueza-afirmo-que-la-ley-ya-habilita-el-matrimonio-homosexual%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.uy/prints/act04.html">Frente promoverá ley para habilitar el matrimonio gay</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100605151438/http://www.ultimasnoticias.com.uy/prints/act04.html">Archived</a> 5 June 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120322232145/http://www.elpais.com.uy/100716/ultmo-502237/ultimo-momento/socialistas-quieren-debate-sobre-matrimonio-gay/">"Socialistas quieren debate sobre matrimonio gay"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.elpais.com.uy/100716/ultmo-502237/ultimo-momento/socialistas-quieren-debate-sobre-matrimonio-gay">the original</a> on 22 March 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Socialistas+quieren+debate+sobre+matrimonio+gay&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.elpais.com.uy%2F100716%2Fultmo-502237%2Fultimo-momento%2Fsocialistas-quieren-debate-sobre-matrimonio-gay&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontopmag.com/article/6072/Argentine_Neighbors_Uruguay_Paraguay_To_Debate_Gay_Marriage">"Argentine Neighbors Uruguay, Paraguay To Debate Gay Marriage"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/hostednews/afp/article/ALeqM5gu1QYorSnG_WrGpbQ-ic2fMpxObg">the original</a> on 17 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uruguay+approves+Latin+America%27s+first+gay+adoption+law&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fhostednews%2Fafp%2Farticle%2FALeqM5gu1QYorSnG_WrGpbQ-ic2fMpxObg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uruguay_to_legalise_gay_adoptions_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rte.ie/news/2009/0910/uruguay.html">"Uruguay to legalise gay adoptions"</a>. <a href="/wiki/RT%C3%89" title="RTÉ">RTÉ</a>. 10 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Uruguay+to+legalise+gay+adoptions&rft.date=2009-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rte.ie%2Fnews%2F2009%2F0910%2Furuguay.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption_25-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Uruguay_allows_same-sex_adoption_25-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8247540.stm">"Uruguay allows same-sex adoption"</a>. BBC. 9 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Uruguay+allows+same-sex+adoption&rft.date=2009-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F8247540.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://edition.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/americas/09/10/uruguay.gays/">"Uruguay passes same-sex adoption law"</a>. CNN. 10 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Uruguay+passes+same-sex+adoption+law&rft.date=2009-09-10&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fedition.cnn.com%2F2009%2FWORLD%2Famericas%2F09%2F10%2Furuguay.gays%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lawmakers_in_Uruguay_Vote_to_Allow_Gay_Couples_to_Adopt_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2009/09/10/world/americas/10uruguay.html">"Lawmakers in Uruguay Vote to Allow Gay Couples to Adopt"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. 9 September 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Lawmakers+in+Uruguay+Vote+to+Allow+Gay+Couples+to+Adopt&rft.date=2009-09-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2009%2F09%2F10%2Fworld%2Famericas%2F10uruguay.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.montevideo.com.uy/Noticias/Justicia-accedio-a-que-pareja-homosexual-pueda-inscribir-a-sus-hijas-con-los-apellidos-de-ambas-madres-uc697294">"Justicia accedió a que pareja homosexual pueda inscribir a sus hijas con los apellidos de ambas madres"</a>. <i>Montevideo Portal</i> (in Spanish). 3 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Montevideo+Portal&rft.atitle=Justicia+accedi%C3%B3+a+que+pareja+homosexual+pueda+inscribir+a+sus+hijas+con+los+apellidos+de+ambas+madres&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.montevideo.com.uy%2FNoticias%2FJusticia-accedio-a-que-pareja-homosexual-pueda-inscribir-a-sus-hijas-con-los-apellidos-de-ambas-madres-uc697294&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.elobservador.com.uy/nota/juez-considero-que-mec-discrimino-por-imposibilitar-que-pareja-homosexual-le-ponga-ambos-apellidos-a-sus-hijas-201810316732">"Juez consideró que MEC discriminó por imposibilitar aue pareja homosexual le ponga ambos apellidos a sus hijas"</a>. <i>El Observador</i> (in Spanish). 3 October 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Observador&rft.atitle=Juez+consider%C3%B3+que+MEC+discrimin%C3%B3+por+imposibilitar+aue+pareja+homosexual+le+ponga+ambos+apellidos+a+sus+hijas&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.elobservador.com.uy%2Fnota%2Fjuez-considero-que-mec-discrimino-por-imposibilitar-que-pareja-homosexual-le-ponga-ambos-apellidos-a-sus-hijas-201810316732&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190731102458/https://www.telenoche.com.uy/nacionales/se-conocieron-en-la-marcha-hace-tres-nos-y-hoy-tienen-mellizas.html">"Se conocieron en la marcha hace tres años y hoy tienen mellizas"</a>. <i>Telenoche</i> (in Spanish). 28 September 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telenoche.com.uy/nacionales/se-conocieron-en-la-marcha-hace-tres-nos-y-hoy-tienen-mellizas.html">the original</a> on 31 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telenoche&rft.atitle=Se+conocieron+en+la+marcha+hace+tres+a%C3%B1os+y+hoy+tienen+mellizas&rft.date=2018-09-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telenoche.com.uy%2Fnacionales%2Fse-conocieron-en-la-marcha-hace-tres-nos-y-hoy-tienen-mellizas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190731102450/https://www.telenoche.com.uy/nacionales/como-karina-y-fernanda-otras-dos-madres-no-fueron-reconocidas.html">"Como Karina y Fernanda, otras dos madres no fueron reconocidas"</a>. <i>Telenoche</i> (in Spanish). 3 October 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telenoche.com.uy/nacionales/como-karina-y-fernanda-otras-dos-madres-no-fueron-reconocidas.html">the original</a> on 31 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Telenoche&rft.atitle=Como+Karina+y+Fernanda%2C+otras+dos+madres+no+fueron+reconocidas&rft.date=2018-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telenoche.com.uy%2Fnacionales%2Fcomo-karina-y-fernanda-otras-dos-madres-no-fueron-reconocidas.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190731102447/https://www.telenoche.com.uy/nacionales/tras-el-caso-de-karina-y-fernanda-mec-no-apelara-fallo-judicial.html">"Tras el caso de Karina y Fernanda, MEC no apelará fallo judicial"</a>. <i>4 October 2018</i> (in Spanish). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telenoche.com.uy/nacionales/tras-el-caso-de-karina-y-fernanda-mec-no-apelara-fallo-judicial.html">the original</a> on 31 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=4+October+2018&rft.atitle=Tras+el+caso+de+Karina+y+Fernanda%2C+MEC+no+apelar%C3%A1+fallo+judicial&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telenoche.com.uy%2Fnacionales%2Ftras-el-caso-de-karina-y-fernanda-mec-no-apelara-fallo-judicial.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20130422190301/http://200.40.229.134/Leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=17677&Anchor=">"Ley 17.677"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://200.40.229.134/Leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp">the original</a> on 22 April 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ley+17.677&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2F200.40.229.134%2FLeyes%2FAccesoTextoLey.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous2003" class="citation web cs1">Anonymous (15 July 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.iglhrc.org/cgi-bin/iowa/article/takeaction/globalactionalerts/588.html">"Uruguay: Parliament Forbids Hate Speech and Violence Based on Sexual Orientation"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uruguay%3A+Parliament+Forbids+Hate+Speech+and+Violence+Based+on+Sexual+Orientation&rft.date=2003-07-15&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.iglhrc.org%2Fcgi-bin%2Fiowa%2Farticle%2Ftakeaction%2Fglobalactionalerts%2F588.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www0.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=17817">Ley N° 17.817</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140626104021/http://www0.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=17817">Archived</a> 26 June 2014 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2009/05/13/uruguay-to-lift-ban-on-ga_n_203004.html">Uruguay To Lift Ban On Gays In The Military</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/americas/8304123.stm">"Uruguay approves sex change bill"</a>. BBC. 13 October 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Uruguay+approves+sex+change+bill&rft.pub=BBC&rft.date=2009-10-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F2%2Fhi%2Famericas%2F8304123.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160216234929/http://www.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=18620&Anchor=">"Ley Nº 18.620 DERECHO A LA IDENTIDAD DE GÉNERO Y AL CAMBIO DE NOMBRE Y SEXO EN DOCUMENTOS IDENTIFICATORIOS"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.parlamento.gub.uy/leyes/AccesoTextoLey.asp?Ley=18620&Anchor=">the original</a> on 16 February 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ley+N%C2%BA+18.620+DERECHO+A+LA+IDENTIDAD+DE+G%C3%89NERO+Y+AL+CAMBIO+DE+NOMBRE+Y+SEXO+EN+DOCUMENTOS+IDENTIFICATORIOS&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.parlamento.gub.uy%2Fleyes%2FAccesoTextoLey.asp%3FLey%3D18620%26Anchor%3D&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190809033252/https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/uruguay-transgender-rights/#gs.3e8cX3A0">"Trans people in Uruguay can now self-identify their gender, without surgery"</a>. 19 October 2018. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gaystarnews.com/article/uruguay-transgender-rights/#gs.3e8cX3A0">the original</a> on 9 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2019</span> – via gaystarnews.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Trans+people+in+Uruguay+can+now+self-identify+their+gender%2C+without+surgery&rft.date=2018-10-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gaystarnews.com%2Farticle%2Furuguay-transgender-rights%2F%23gs.3e8cX3A0&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lr21.com.uy/politica/1406969-ley-trans-referendum-discriminacion">"El 75% de las personas trans han sido expulsadas del sistema educativo"</a>. <i>LaRed21</i> (in Spanish). 30 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LaRed21&rft.atitle=El+75%25+de+las+personas+trans+han+sido+expulsadas+del+sistema+educativo&rft.date=2019-07-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lr21.com.uy%2Fpolitica%2F1406969-ley-trans-referendum-discriminacion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-elpais-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-elpais_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elpais_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-elpais_41-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMartínez2019" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Martínez, Magdalena (27 July 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://elpais.com/sociedad/2019/07/26/actualidad/1564152384_040281.html">"Las iglesias evangélicas se movilizan contra la ley trans en Uruguay"</a>. <i>El País</i> (in Spanish).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=El+Pa%C3%ADs&rft.atitle=Las+iglesias+evang%C3%A9licas+se+movilizan+contra+la+ley+trans+en+Uruguay&rft.date=2019-07-27&rft.aulast=Mart%C3%ADnez&rft.aufirst=Magdalena&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpais.com%2Fsociedad%2F2019%2F07%2F26%2Factualidad%2F1564152384_040281.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/seis-companeras-trans-han-muerto-desde-que-se-empezo-a-discutir-la-ley-id677871/">"Seis compañeras trans han muerto desde que se empezó a discutir la ley"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 29 September 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Seis+compa%C3%B1eras+trans+han+muerto+desde+que+se+empez%C3%B3+a+discutir+la+ley&rft.date=2018-09-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Fseis-companeras-trans-han-muerto-desde-que-se-empezo-a-discutir-la-ley-id677871%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="languageicon">(in Spanish)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/es/2018/10/19/uruguay-ley-trans/">Uruguay aprueba una ley de vanguardia para el bienestar de las personas trans</a>, <i>The New York Times</i>, 19 October 2018</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchlanger2018" class="citation web cs1">Schlanger, Zoë (22 October 2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qz.com/1432396/us-threatens-trans-rights-while-uruguay-massively-expands-them/">"Trans rights are under threat in the US, but Uruguay is massively expanding them"</a>. <i>Quartz.com</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Quartz.com&rft.atitle=Trans+rights+are+under+threat+in+the+US%2C+but+Uruguay+is+massively+expanding+them&rft.date=2018-10-22&rft.aulast=Schlanger&rft.aufirst=Zo%C3%AB&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqz.com%2F1432396%2Fus-threatens-trans-rights-while-uruguay-massively-expands-them%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.religiondigital.org/america/Sturla-Integral-Personas-Trans-Espiritu-religion-ley-uruguay-espiritu_0_2143885603.html">"Cardenal Sturla sobre Ley aintegral para Personas Trans: discernir a luz del Espíritu Santo "con libertad y madurez"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Religión Digital</i> (in Spanish). 27 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Religi%C3%B3n+Digital&rft.atitle=Cardenal+Sturla+sobre+Ley+aintegral+para+Personas+Trans%3A+discernir+a+luz+del+Esp%C3%ADritu+Santo+%22con+libertad+y+madurez%22&rft.date=2019-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.religiondigital.org%2Famerica%2FSturla-Integral-Personas-Trans-Espiritu-religion-ley-uruguay-espiritu_0_2143885603.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lr21.com.uy/politica/1395919-firmas-ley-trans-derechos-referendum">"Diputados Iafigliola y Dastugue presentaron 69.360 firmas para derogar Ley trans"</a>. <i>LaRed21</i> (in Spanish). 26 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LaRed21&rft.atitle=Diputados+Iafigliola+y+Dastugue+presentaron+69.360+firmas+para+derogar+Ley+trans&rft.date=2019-03-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lr21.com.uy%2Fpolitica%2F1395919-firmas-ley-trans-derechos-referendum&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/fa-intento-de-derogacion-de-la-ley-trans-constituye-un-acto-de-discriminacion-id703698/">"FA: Intento de derogación de la Ley Trans constituye un acto de "discriminación"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 30 March 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=FA%3A+Intento+de+derogaci%C3%B3n+de+la+Ley+Trans+constituye+un+acto+de+%22discriminaci%C3%B3n%22&rft.date=2019-03-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Ffa-intento-de-derogacion-de-la-ley-trans-constituye-un-acto-de-discriminacion-id703698%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/fa-sale-en-defensa-de-la-ley-trans-ante-una-campana-de-mentiras-id719321/">"FA sale en defensa de la Ley Trans ante "una campaña de mentiras"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 17 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=FA+sale+en+defensa+de+la+Ley+Trans+ante+%22una+campa%C3%B1a+de+mentiras%22&rft.date=2019-07-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Ffa-sale-en-defensa-de-la-ley-trans-ante-una-campana-de-mentiras-id719321%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/unidad-popular-rechaza-pre-referendum-por-ley-trans-id720905/">"Unidad Popular rechazaa pre-referéndum por Ley Trans"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 24 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Unidad+Popular+rechazaa+pre-refer%C3%A9ndum+por+Ley+Trans&rft.date=2019-07-24&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Funidad-popular-rechaza-pre-referendum-por-ley-trans-id720905%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/sturla-se-desmarca-de-consulta-por-ley-trans-y-aconseja-otros-caminos-id720934/">"Sturla se desmarca de consulta por Ley Trans y aconseja "otros caminos"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 25 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Sturla+se+desmarca+de+consulta+por+Ley+Trans+y+aconseja+%22otros+caminos%22&rft.date=2019-07-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Fsturla-se-desmarca-de-consulta-por-ley-trans-y-aconseja-otros-caminos-id720934%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lr21.com.uy/politica/1406505-personas-trans-iglesia-catolica-sturla-respaldo-no-a-la-derogacion">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Las personas trans merecen ser tenidas especialmente en cuenta", dice la Iglesia Católica"</a>. <i>LaRed21</i> (in Spanish). 25 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LaRed21&rft.atitle=%22Las+personas+trans+merecen+ser+tenidas+especialmente+en+cuenta%22%2C+dice+la+Iglesia+Cat%C3%B3lica&rft.date=2019-07-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lr21.com.uy%2Fpolitica%2F1406505-personas-trans-iglesia-catolica-sturla-respaldo-no-a-la-derogacion&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lr21.com.uy/politica/1398268-cardenal-daniel-sturla-ley-trans">"Cardenal Daniel Sturla se pronunció en contra de derogar la Ley Trans"</a>. <i>LaRed21</i> (in Spanish). 19 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LaRed21&rft.atitle=Cardenal+Daniel+Sturla+se+pronunci%C3%B3+en+contra+de+derogar+la+Ley+Trans&rft.date=2019-04-19&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lr21.com.uy%2Fpolitica%2F1398268-cardenal-daniel-sturla-ley-trans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/el-cardenal-sturla-no-firmo-derogacion-de-ley-trans-id706881/">"El Cardenal Sturla no firmó derogación de "Ley Trans"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 20 April 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=El+Cardenal+Sturla+no+firm%C3%B3+derogaci%C3%B3n+de+%22Ley+Trans%22&rft.date=2019-04-20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Fel-cardenal-sturla-no-firmo-derogacion-de-ley-trans-id706881%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/colectivo-trans-hablo-de-las-bondades-de-la-ley-y-convoco-a-marcha-de-la-diversidad-id721947/">"Colectivo trans habló de las bondades de la ley y convocó a marcha de la diversidad"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 31 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Colectivo+trans+habl%C3%B3+de+las+bondades+de+la+ley+y+convoc%C3%B3+a+marcha+de+la+diversidad&rft.date=2019-07-31&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Fcolectivo-trans-hablo-de-las-bondades-de-la-ley-y-convoco-a-marcha-de-la-diversidad-id721947%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/inddhh-derogar-la-ley-trans-tendria-un-impacto-devastador-id720589/">"Inddhh: derogar la Ley Trans "tendría un impacto devastador"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 23 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Inddhh%3A+derogar+la+Ley+Trans+%22tendr%C3%ADa+un+impacto+devastador%22&rft.date=2019-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Finddhh-derogar-la-ley-trans-tendria-un-impacto-devastador-id720589%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lr21.com.uy/politica/1406666-sindicato-medico-oposicion-pre-referendum-ley-trans">"Sindicato Médico defiende Ley de personas Trans y se opoje al pre referéndum"</a>. <i>LaRed21</i> (in Spanish). 27 July 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=LaRed21&rft.atitle=Sindicato+M%C3%A9dico+defiende+Ley+de+personas+Trans+y+se+opoje+al+pre+refer%C3%A9ndum&rft.date=2019-07-27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lr21.com.uy%2Fpolitica%2F1406666-sindicato-medico-oposicion-pre-referendum-ley-trans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.republica.com.uy/derogacion-de-la-ley-trans-fracaso-y-no-llegara-a-referendum-id722732/">"Derogación de la ley trans fracasó y no illegó a referendum"</a>. <i>La República</i> (in Spanish). 4 August 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=La+Rep%C3%BAblica&rft.atitle=Derogaci%C3%B3n+de+la+ley+trans+fracas%C3%B3+y+no+illeg%C3%B3+a+referendum&rft.date=2019-08-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.republica.com.uy%2Fderogacion-de-la-ley-trans-fracaso-y-no-llegara-a-referendum-id722732%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.efe.com/efe/america/sociedad/ley-para-las-personas-trans-uruguaya-seguira-vigente-tras-una-consulta-electoral/20000013-4037262">"Ley para las personas trans uruguaya seguirá vigente tras una consulta electoral"</a>. <i>EFE</i> (in Spanish). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=El+Popular&rft.atitle=Calles+de+Montevideo%3A+Homenaje+a+personalidades+afrouruguayas+y+LGBTQ%2B&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Felpopular.uy%2Fcalles-de-montevideo-homenaje-a-personalidades-afrouruguayas-y-lgbtq%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://revista.cinedocumental.com.ar/memorias-de-una-revolucion-excluyente-exilio-y-sexopolitica-en-el-hombre-nuevo-de-aldo-garay/">"Memorias de una revolución excluyente: exilio y sexopolítica en El hombre nuevo de Aldo Garay"</a>. <i>Cine Documental</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Cine+Documental&rft.atitle=Memorias+de+una+revoluci%C3%B3n+excluyente%3A+exilio+y+sexopol%C3%ADtica+en+El+hombre+nuevo+de+Aldo+Garay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frevista.cinedocumental.com.ar%2Fmemorias-de-una-revolucion-excluyente-exilio-y-sexopolitica-en-el-hombre-nuevo-de-aldo-garay%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.whereivf.com/ivf-guide-and-vocabulary/surrogacy-law/">"Surrogacy Law Around The World"</a>. <i>whereivf.com</i>. 8 June 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=whereivf.com&rft.atitle=Surrogacy+Law+Around+The+World&rft.date=2019-06-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.whereivf.com%2Fivf-guide-and-vocabulary%2Fsurrogacy-law%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALGBTQ+rights+in+Uruguay" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=LGBTQ_rights_in_Uruguay&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.camaralgbturuguay.com/">Official website of CCNLGBTU, Cámara de Comercio & Negocios LGBT de Uruguay</a>. 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this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:South_America_topic" title="Template talk:South America topic"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:South_America_topic" title="Special:EditPage/Template:South America topic"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="LGBT_rights_in_South_America" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_South_America" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in South America">LGBT rights in South America </a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_sovereign_states" title="List of sovereign states">Sovereign states</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Argentina" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Argentina">Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Bolivia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Brazil" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Chile" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Chile">Chile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Colombia" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Colombia">Colombia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Ecuador" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Guyana" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Guyana">Guyana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Paraguay" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Peru" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Peru">Peru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Suriname" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Suriname">Suriname</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Uruguay" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_Venezuela" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependencies</a> and<br />other territories</div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_the_Falkland_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in the Falkland Islands">Falkland Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_French_Guiana" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in French Guiana">French Guiana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_rights_in_South_Georgia_and_the_South_Sandwich_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="LGBT rights in South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands"><span style="white-space:normal;">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Uruguay_articles" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Uruguay_topics" title="Template:Uruguay topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Uruguay_topics" title="Template talk:Uruguay topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Uruguay_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Uruguay topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Uruguay_articles" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Uruguay" title="Uruguay">Uruguay</a> <a href="/wiki/Index_of_Uruguay-related_articles" title="Index of Uruguay-related articles">articles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Uruguay" title="History of Uruguay">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Charr%C3%BAa" title="Charrúa">Charrúa people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_colonization_of_the_Americas" title="Spanish colonization of the Americas">Spanish colonization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Viceroyalty_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" title="Viceroyalty of the Río de la Plata">Viceroyalty <span style="font-size:85%;">(1776–1814)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_invasions_of_the_R%C3%ADo_de_la_Plata" class="mw-redirect" title="British invasions of the Río de la Plata">British invasions <span style="font-size:85%;">(1806–1807)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Oriental" title="Banda Oriental">Banda Oriental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liga_Federal" class="mw-redirect" title="Liga Federal">Liga Federal <span style="font-size:85%;">(1815–1820)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cisplatina" title="Cisplatina">Cisplatina province <span style="font-size:85%;">(1821–1828)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thirty-Three_Orientals" title="Thirty-Three Orientals">Thirty-Three Orientals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treaty_of_Montevideo_(1828)" class="mw-redirect" title="Treaty of Montevideo (1828)">Treaty of Montevideo (1828)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_Civil_War" title="Uruguayan Civil War">Civil War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1839–1851)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uruguayan_War" title="Uruguayan War">Uruguayan War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1864–1865)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paraguayan_War" title="Paraguayan War">Paraguayan War <span style="font-size:85%;">(1864–1870)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolution_of_the_Lances" title="Revolution of the Lances">Revolution of the Lances <span style="font-size:85%;">(1870–1872)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Masoller" title="Battle of Masoller">Battle of Masoller <span style="font-size:85%;">(1904)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batllism" class="mw-redirect" title="Batllism">Batllism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tupamaros" title="Tupamaros">Tupamaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civic-military_dictatorship_of_Uruguay" title="Civic-military dictatorship of Uruguay">Dictatorship <span style="font-size:85%;">(1973–1985)</span></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_on_the_Expiration_of_the_Punitive_Claims_of_the_State" title="Law on the Expiration of the Punitive Claims of the State">Expiry Law <span style="font-size:85%;">(1986)</span></a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="5" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Uruguay" title="Flag of Uruguay"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag-map_of_Uruguay.svg/100px-Flag-map_of_Uruguay.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag-map_of_Uruguay.svg/150px-Flag-map_of_Uruguay.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Flag-map_of_Uruguay.svg/200px-Flag-map_of_Uruguay.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="657" data-file-height="728" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Uruguay" title="Geography of Uruguay">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Borders_of_Uruguay" title="Category:Borders of Uruguay">Borders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Uruguay" title="List of cities in Uruguay">Cities</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montevideo" title="Montevideo">Montevideo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Uruguay" title="Climate of Uruguay">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Departments_of_Uruguay" title="Departments of Uruguay">Departments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_Uruguay" title="Environmental issues in Uruguay">Environment</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_change_in_Uruguay" title="Climate change in Uruguay">Climate change</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extreme_points_of_Uruguay" title="Extreme points of Uruguay">Extreme points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Uruguay" title="Fauna of Uruguay">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Uruguay" title="Flora of Uruguay">Flora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Uruguay" title="Geology of Uruguay">Geology</a></li> <li><a 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