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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1" /><title>2 Kings 22:3 Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent the scribe, Shaphan son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, to the house of the LORD, saying,</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/2_kings/22-3.htm" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/new9.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><meta property="og:image" content="https://biblehub.com/visuals/17/12_2Ki_22_03.jpg" /><meta property="og:title" content="2 Kings 22:3 - Funding the Temple Repairs" /><meta property="og:site_name" content="Bible Hub" /><meta property="og:description" content="Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent the scribe, Shaphan son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, to the house of the LORD, saying," /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script> <script src='https://app.protectsubrev.com/biblehub.js' type='text/javascript'></script></head><body><div id="fx"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx2"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="30" scrolling="no" src="/vmenus/2_kings/22-3.htm" align="left" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div><div id="blnk"></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable"><tr><td><div id="fx5"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" id="fx6"><tr><td><iframe width="100%" height="245" scrolling="no" src="/bmc/2_kings/22-3.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table></div><div align="center"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" class="maintable3"><tr><td><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center" id="announce"><tr><td><div id="l1"><div id="breadcrumbs"><a href="/">Bible</a> > <a href="/2_kings/">2 Kings</a> > <a href="/2_kings/22.htm">Chapter 22</a> > Verse 3</div><div id="anc"><iframe src="/anc.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></div><div id="anc2"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/anc2.htm" width="100%" height="27" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></div><div id="ad1"><table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><iframe src="/ad1.htm" width="100%" height="48" scrolling="no" frameborder="0"></iframe></td></tr></table></div></td></tr></table><div id="movebox2"><table border="0" align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0"><tr><td><div id="topheading"><a href="/2_kings/22-2.htm" title="2 Kings 22:2">◄</a> 2 Kings 22:3 <a href="/2_kings/22-4.htm" title="2 Kings 22:4">►</a></div></tr></table></div><div align="center" class="maintable2"><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" align="center"><tr><td><div id="topverse"> <a href="#study" class="clickchap2" title="Context and Study Bible"> Audio </a> <a href="#crossref" class="clickchap2" title="Cross References"> Crossref </a> <a href="#commentary" class="clickchap2" title="Commentary"> Comm </a> <a href="#lexicon" class="clickchap2" title="Lexicon"> Hebrew </a> </div><div id="leftbox"><div class="padleft"><div class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/2_kings/22.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter">  (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/2_kings/22.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent the secretary, Shaphan son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, to the temple of the LORD. He said:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/2_kings/22.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent Shaphan son of Azaliah and grandson of Meshullam, the court secretary, to the Temple of the LORD. He told him,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/2_kings/22.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, the secretary, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/2_kings/22.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent the scribe, Shaphan son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/2_kings/22.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, <i>that</i> the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/2_kings/22.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />Now it came to pass, in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, <i>that</i> the king sent Shaphan the scribe, the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, to the house of the LORD, saying:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/2_kings/22.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/2_kings/22.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />Now in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the LORD saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/2_kings/22.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />Now it came about in the eighteenth year of King Josiah that the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of the LORD saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/2_kings/22.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />Now it happened in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam the scribe, to the house of Yahweh saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/2_kings/22.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam the scribe to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/2_kings/22.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent the court secretary Shaphan son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, to the LORD’s temple, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/2_kings/22.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent the court secretary Shaphan son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, to the LORD&#8217s temple, saying, &#8220<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/2_kings/22.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of Jehovah, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/2_kings/22.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />After Josiah had been king for 18 years, he told Shaphan, one of his highest officials: Go to the LORD's temple <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/2_kings/22.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/2_kings/22.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />In Josiah's eighteenth year as king of Judah, he sent the scribe Shaphan, son of Azaliah and grandson of Meshullam, to the LORD's temple with these instructions:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/2_kings/22.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent the court secretary Shaphan, the son of Azaliah and grandson of Meshullam, to the Temple with the order: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/2_kings/22.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />Eighteen years after King Josiah had begun to reign, the king sent Azaliah's son Shaphan, grandson of Meshullam the scribe, to the LORD's Temple. He told him, <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/2_kings/22.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, King Josiah sent the scribe, Shaphan son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/2_kings/22.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah's reign, the king sent the scribe Shaphan son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, to the LORD's temple with these orders:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/2_kings/22.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />It happened in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/2_kings/22.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/2_kings/22.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to Yahweh’s house, saying, <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/2_kings/22.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />And it comes to pass, in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king has sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of YHWH, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/2_kings/22.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> And it cometh to pass, in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, the king hath sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of Jehovah, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/2_kings/22.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />And it will be in the eighteenth year to king Josiah, the king sent Shaphen son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, the scribe of the house of Jehovah, saying,<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/2_kings/22.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />And in the eighteenth year of b king Josias, the king sent Saphan the son of Assia, the son of Messulam, the scribe of the temple of the Lord, saying to him: <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/2_kings/22.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />Then, in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, the king sent Shaphan, the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe of the temple of the Lord, saying to him:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/2_kings/22.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />In his eighteenth year, King Josiah sent the scribe Shaphan, son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, to the house of the LORD with these orders:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/2_kings/22.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />In the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, son of Meshullam, the secretary, to the house of the LORD, saying,<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/2_kings/22.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />Now in the eighteenth year of King Josiah, the king sent Shaphan the son of Alaziah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/2_kings/22.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />And in year eighteen of King Yoshiah, the King sent to Shaphan, son of Alatsia, son of Mashlam, the Scribe of the house of LORD JEHOVAH, saying:<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/2_kings/22.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/2_kings/22.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josias, in the eighth month, the king sent Sapphan the son of Ezelias the son of Mesollam, the scribe of the house of the Lord, saying,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/2_kings/22-3.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/FiLs3w_mMFQ?start=7616" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/2_kings/22.htm">Funding the Temple Repairs</a></span><br> <span class="reftext">3</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/1961.htm" title="1961: way·hî (Conj-w:: V-Qal-ConsecImperf-3ms) -- To fall out, come to pass, become, be. A primitive root; to exist, i.e. Be or become, come to pass.">Now</a> <a href="/hebrew/8083.htm" title="8083: biš·mō·neh (Prep-b:: Number-fs) -- Or shmowneh; feminine shmonah; or shmownah; apparently from shamen through the idea of plumpness; a cardinal number, eight; also eighth.">in the eighteenth</a> <a href="/hebrew/6240.htm" title="6240: ‘eś·rêh (Number-fs) -- Ten. For eser; ten, i.e. -teen; also -teenth."></a> <a href="/hebrew/8141.htm" title="8141: šā·nāh (N-fs) -- A year. (in plura or shanah; from shanah; a year.">year</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: lam·me·leḵ (Prep-l, Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">of his reign,</a> <a href="/hebrew/4428.htm" title="4428: ham·me·leḵ (Art:: N-ms) -- King. From malak; a king.">King</a> <a href="/hebrew/2977.htm" title="2977: yō·šî·yā·hū (N-proper-ms) -- Yah supports, two Isr. Or; from the same root as 'ashuwyah and Yahh; founded of Jah; Joshijah, the name of two Israelites.">Josiah</a> <a href="/hebrew/853.htm" title="853: ’eṯ- (DirObjM) -- Apparent contracted from 'owth in the demonstrative sense of entity; properly, self."></a> <a href="/hebrew/7971.htm" title="7971: šā·laḥ (V-Qal-Perf-3ms) -- To send. A primitive root; to send away, for, or out.">sent</a> <a href="/hebrew/5608.htm" title="5608: has·sō·p̄êr (Art:: N-ms) -- To count, recount, relate. ">the scribe,</a> <a href="/hebrew/8227.htm" title="8227: šā·p̄ān (N-proper-ms) -- A species of rockrabbit, the hyrax. From saphan; a species of rock-rabbit, i.e. Probably the hyrax.">Shaphan</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ben- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">son</a> <a href="/hebrew/683.htm" title="683: ’ă·ṣal·yā·hū (N-proper-ms) -- Yah has reserved, an Isr. From 'atsal and Yahh prolonged; Jah has reserved; Atsaljah, an Israelite.">of Azaliah,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1121.htm" title="1121: ḇen- (N-msc) -- Son. From banah; a son, in the widest sense (like 'ab, 'ach, etc.).">the son</a> <a href="/hebrew/4918.htm" title="4918: mə·šul·lām (N-proper-ms) -- The name of a number of Isr. From shalam; allied; Meshullam, the name of seventeen Israelites.">of Meshullam,</a> <a href="/hebrew/1004.htm" title="1004: bêṯ (N-msc) -- A house. Probably from banah abbreviated; a house.">to the house</a> <a href="/hebrew/3068.htm" title="3068: Yah·weh (N-proper-ms) -- The proper name of the God of Israel. From hayah; self-Existent or Eternal; Jehovah, Jewish national name of God.">of the LORD,</a> <a href="/hebrew/559.htm" title="559: lê·mōr (Prep-l:: V-Qal-Inf) -- To utter, say. A primitive root; to say.">saying,</a> </span><span class="reftext">4</span>“Go up to Hilkiah the high priest and have him count the money that has been brought into the house of the LORD, which the doorkeepers have collected from the people.…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/34-8.htm">2 Chronicles 34:8</a></span><br />Now in the eighteenth year of his reign, in order to cleanse the land and the temple, Josiah sent Shaphan son of Azaliah, Maaseiah the governor of the city, and Joah son of Joahaz, the recorder, to repair the house of the LORD his God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/12-4.htm">2 Kings 12:4-5</a></span><br />Then Joash said to the priests, “Collect all the money brought as sacred gifts into the house of the LORD—the census money, the money from vows, and the money brought voluntarily into the house of the LORD. / Let every priest receive it from his constituency, and let it be used to repair any damage found in the temple.”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_kings/23-4.htm">2 Kings 23:4-6</a></span><br />Then the king commanded Hilkiah the high priest, the priests second in rank, and the doorkeepers to remove from the temple of the LORD all the articles made for Baal, Asherah, and all the host of heaven. And he burned them outside Jerusalem in the fields of Kidron and carried their ashes to Bethel. / Josiah also did away with the idolatrous priests ordained by the kings of Judah to burn incense on the high places of the cities of Judah and in the places all around Jerusalem—those who had burned incense to Baal, to the sun and moon, to the constellations, and to all the host of heaven. / He brought the Asherah pole from the house of the LORD to the Kidron Valley outside Jerusalem, and there he burned it, ground it to powder, and threw its dust on the graves of the common people.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/24-4.htm">2 Chronicles 24:4-5</a></span><br />Some time later, Joash set his heart on repairing the house of the LORD. / So he gathered the priests and Levites and said, “Go out to the cities of Judah and collect the money due annually from all Israel, to repair the house of your God. Do it quickly.” The Levites, however, did not make haste.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/29-3.htm">2 Chronicles 29:3-5</a></span><br />In the first month of the first year of his reign, Hezekiah opened and repaired the doors of the house of the LORD. / Then he brought in the priests and Levites and gathered them in the square on the east side. / “Listen to me, O Levites,” he said. “Consecrate yourselves now and consecrate the house of the LORD, the God of your fathers. Remove from the Holy Place every impurity.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/34-14.htm">2 Chronicles 34:14-15</a></span><br />While they were bringing out the money that had been taken into the house of the LORD, Hilkiah the priest found the Book of the Law of the LORD given by Moses. / And Hilkiah said to Shaphan the scribe, “I have found the Book of the Law in the house of the LORD!” And he gave it to Shaphan.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_chronicles/35-20.htm">2 Chronicles 35:20</a></span><br />After all this, when Josiah had set the temple in order, Neco king of Egypt marched up to fight at Carchemish by the Euphrates, and Josiah went out to confront him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/1-2.htm">Jeremiah 1:2</a></span><br />The word of the LORD came to Jeremiah in the thirteenth year of the reign of Josiah son of Amon king of Judah,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/jeremiah/3-6.htm">Jeremiah 3:6</a></span><br />Now in the days of King Josiah, the LORD said to me, “Have you seen what faithless Israel has done? She has gone up on every high hill and under every green tree to prostitute herself there.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/21-12.htm">Matthew 21:12-13</a></span><br />Then Jesus entered the temple courts and drove out all who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those selling doves. / And He declared to them, “It is written: ‘My house will be called a house of prayer.’ But you are making it ‘a den of robbers.’”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/mark/11-15.htm">Mark 11:15-17</a></span><br />When they arrived in Jerusalem, Jesus entered the temple courts and began to drive out those who were buying and selling there. He overturned the tables of the money changers and the seats of those selling doves. / And He would not allow anyone to carry merchandise through the temple courts. / Then Jesus began to teach them, and He declared, “Is it not written: ‘My house will be called a house of prayer for all the nations’? But you have made it ‘a den of robbers.’”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/19-45.htm">Luke 19:45-46</a></span><br />Then Jesus entered the temple courts and began to drive out those who were selling there. / He declared to them, “It is written: ‘My house will be a house of prayer.’ But you have made it ‘a den of robbers.’”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/john/2-14.htm">John 2:14-16</a></span><br />In the temple courts He found men selling cattle, sheep, and doves, and money changers seated at their tables. / So He made a whip out of cords and drove all from the temple courts, both sheep and cattle. He poured out the coins of the money changers and overturned their tables. / To those selling doves He said, “Get these out of here! How dare you turn My Father’s house into a marketplace!”<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/acts/7-47.htm">Acts 7:47-48</a></span><br />But it was Solomon who built the house for Him. / However, the Most High does not dwell in houses made by human hands. As the prophet says:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/romans/15-4.htm">Romans 15:4</a></span><br />For everything that was written in the past was written for our instruction, so that through endurance and the encouragement of the Scriptures, we might have hope.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of king Josiah, that the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the LORD, saying,</p><p class="hdg">A.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/2_chronicles/34-3.htm">2 Chronicles 34:3-33</a></b></br> For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images… </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/2_kings/15-8.htm">Azaliah</a> <a href="/2_kings/3-1.htm">Eighteenth</a> <a href="/2_kings/21-23.htm">House</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-1.htm">Josiah</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-1.htm">Josi'ah</a> <a href="/nehemiah/12-33.htm">Meshullam</a> <a href="/nehemiah/12-33.htm">Meshul'lam</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-1.htm">Reign</a> <a href="/2_kings/19-2.htm">Scribe</a> <a href="/2_kings/19-2.htm">Secretary</a> <a href="/deuteronomy/14-7.htm">Shaphan</a> <a href="/2_kings/21-5.htm">Temple</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/2_chronicles/34-8.htm">Azaliah</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-23.htm">Eighteenth</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-4.htm">House</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-14.htm">Josiah</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-23.htm">Josi'ah</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/3-19.htm">Meshullam</a> <a href="/1_chronicles/3-19.htm">Meshul'lam</a> <a href="/2_kings/23-28.htm">Reign</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-8.htm">Scribe</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-8.htm">Secretary</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-8.htm">Shaphan</a> <a href="/2_kings/22-4.htm">Temple</a><div class="vheading2">2 Kings 22</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/22-1.htm">Josiah's good reign.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">3. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/22-3.htm">He takes care for the repair of the temple.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">8. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/22-8.htm">Hilkiah having found a book of the law,</a></span><br><span class="reftext">12. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/22-12.htm">Josiah sends to Huldah to enquire of the Lord.</a></span><br><span class="reftext">15. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/2_kings/22-15.htm">Huldah prophesies the destruction of Jerusalem, but respite thereof in Josiah's time.</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br />  <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br />  <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <script type="text/javascript"> </script> <script type="text/javascript" src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/show_ads.js"> </script><br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading"><a href="/study/2_kings/22.htm">Berean Study Bible</a></div><b>Now in the eighteenth year of his reign</b><br />This phrase marks a significant point in the timeline of King Josiah's rule over Judah. Josiah became king at the tender age of eight, following the assassination of his father, Amon. The eighteenth year of his reign would make him twenty-six years old, a time when he was likely coming into his own as a leader. Historically, this period is crucial as it marks the beginning of Josiah's religious reforms, which were pivotal in the history of Judah. Josiah's reign is often seen as a return to the covenantal faithfulness that had been neglected by his predecessors.<p><b>King Josiah</b><br />Josiah is one of the most revered kings of Judah, known for his dedication to the LORD and his efforts to restore true worship. His name, meaning "healed by Yahweh" or "supported by Yahweh," reflects his role as a reformer and restorer of the faith. Josiah's reign is characterized by a sincere attempt to rid Judah of idolatry and to re-establish the worship of Yahweh as prescribed in the Law of Moses. His actions are often seen as a fulfillment of the prophecies concerning the Davidic line and a foreshadowing of the ultimate restoration through Christ.<p><b>sent the scribe Shaphan</b><br />Shaphan, the scribe, plays a crucial role in the narrative of Josiah's reforms. As a scribe, Shaphan was responsible for recording and managing official documents, making him a key figure in the administration of the kingdom. His involvement in the discovery of the Book of the Law highlights the importance of literacy and record-keeping in preserving the covenantal traditions of Israel. Shaphan's actions demonstrate the collaborative effort required to bring about spiritual renewal and reform.<p><b>son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam</b><br />The mention of Shaphan's lineage underscores the importance of family heritage and legacy in the biblical narrative. Azaliah and Meshullam, though not extensively detailed in Scripture, are part of a lineage that contributed to the spiritual and administrative life of Judah. This genealogical reference serves to authenticate Shaphan's position and authority, as well as to connect the narrative to the broader history of God's people.<p><b>to the house of the LORD</b><br />The "house of the LORD" refers to the temple in Jerusalem, the central place of worship for the Israelites. At this time, the temple had fallen into disrepair, both physically and spiritually, due to the neglect and idolatry of previous kings. Josiah's decision to send Shaphan to the temple signifies the beginning of a restoration process, both in terms of the physical structure and the spiritual life of the nation. The temple, as the dwelling place of God's presence, symbolizes the heart of Israel's covenant relationship with Yahweh.<p><b>saying</b><br />This simple word introduces the instructions that Josiah is about to give, setting the stage for the significant events that follow. It indicates the active role of Josiah in initiating reform and underscores the importance of communication and leadership in effecting change. Josiah's words, as recorded in the following verses, reveal his commitment to aligning the nation with God's will and his determination to lead by example.<div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/2_kings/22.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(3) <span class= "bld">In the eighteenth year.</span>--See the Notes on <a href="/2_chronicles/34-3.htm" title="For in the eighth year of his reign, while he was yet young, he began to seek after the God of David his father: and in the twelfth year he began to purge Judah and Jerusalem from the high places, and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images.">2Chronicles 34:3</a>, <span class= "ital">seq.</span> The discourses of Jeremiah, who began his prophetic ministry in the thirteenth year of Josiah, to which Thenius refers as incomprehensible on the assumption that idolatry was extirpated throughout the country in the twelfth year of this king, would be quite reconcilable even with that assumption, which, however, it is not necessary to make, as is shown in the Notes on Chronicles. Josiah did not succeed, any more than Hezekiah, in rooting out the spirit of apostasy. (See <a href="/jeremiah/2-1.htm" title="Moreover the word of the LORD came to me, saying,">Jeremiah 2:1</a>; <a href="/jeremiah/4-2.htm" title="And you shall swear, The LORD lives, in truth, in judgment, and in righteousness; and the nations shall bless themselves in him, and in him shall they glory.">Jeremiah 4:2</a>). The young king was, no doubt influenced for good by the discourses of Jeremiah and Zephaniah; but it is not easy to account for his heeding the prophetic teachings, considering that, as the grandson of a Manasseh and the son of an Amon he must have been brought up under precisely opposite influences (<span class= "ital">Thenius</span>)<span class= "ital">.</span><p><span class= "bld">The king sent Shaphan . . . the scribe.</span>--Chronicles mentions beside Maaseiah, the governor of the city, and Joah the recorder. Thenius pronounces these personages fictitious, because (1) only the scribe is mentioned in <a href="/2_kings/12-10.htm" title="And it was so, when they saw that there was much money in the chest, that the king's scribe and the high priest came up, and they put up in bags, and told the money that was found in the house of the LORD.">2Kings 12:10</a> (?); (2) Joshua was the then governor of the city (but this is not quite clear: the Joshua of <a href="/2_kings/23-8.htm" title="And he brought all the priests out of the cities of Judah, and defiled the high places where the priests had burned incense, from Geba to Beersheba, and broke down the high places of the gates that were in the entering in of the gate of Joshua the governor of the city, which were on a man's left hand at the gate of the city.">2Kings 23:8</a> <span class= "ital">may</span> have been a former governor; or, as Maaseiah and Joshua are very much alike in Hebrew, one name may be a corruption of the other); (3) Maaseiah <span class= "ital">seems</span> to have been manufactured out of the Asahiah of <a href="/2_kings/22-12.htm" title="And the king commanded Hilkiah the priest, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Achbor the son of Michaiah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asahiah a servant of the king's, saying,">2Kings 22:12</a> (but Asahiah is mentioned as a distinct person in <a href="/2_chronicles/34-20.htm" title="And the king commanded Hilkiah, and Ahikam the son of Shaphan, and Abdon the son of Micah, and Shaphan the scribe, and Asaiah a servant of the king's, saying,">2Chronicles 34:20</a>); and (4) Joah the recorder seems to have been borrowed from <a href="/2_kings/18-18.htm" title="And when they had called to the king, there came out to them Eliakim the son of Hilkiah, which was over the household, and Shebna the scribe, and Joah the son of Asaph the recorder.">2Kings 18:18</a> (as if anything could be inferred from a recurrence of the same name; and that probably in the same family !). Upon such a basis of mere conjecture, the inference is raised that the chronicler invented these names, in order "to give a colour of genuine history to his narrative." It is obvious to reply that Shaphan only is mentioned here, as the chief man in the business. (Comp, also <a href="/2_kings/18-17.htm" title="And the king of Assyria sent Tartan and Rabsaris and Rabshakeh from Lachish to king Hezekiah with a great host against Jerusalem. And they went up and came to Jerusalem. And when they were come up, they came and stood by the conduit of the upper pool, which is in the highway of the fuller's field.">2Kings 18:17</a>; <a href="/2_kings/19-8.htm" title="So Rabshakeh returned, and found the king of Assyria warring against Libnah: for he had heard that he was departed from Lachish.">2Kings 19:8</a>). . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/2_kings/22.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 3.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">And it came to pass in the eighteenth year of King Josiah</span> (comp. <a href="/2_chronicles/34-8.htm">2 Chronicles 34:8</a>). The writer of Kings, bent on abbreviating as much as possible, omits the early reforms of Josiah, which are related in <a href="/2_chronicles/34-3.htm">2 Chronicles 34:3-7</a>, with perhaps some anticipation of what happened later. The young king gave marked indications of personal piety and attachment to true religion as early as the eighth year of his reign, when he was sixteen, and had just attained his majority (Ewald, 'History of Israel,' vol. 4. p. 232, note). Later, in his twelfth year, he began the purging of the temple and of Jerusalem, at the same time probably commencing the repairs spoken of in ver. 9. Jeremiah's prophesying, begun in the same or in the next year (<a href="/jeremiah/1-2.htm">Jeremiah 1:2</a>), must have been a powerful assistance to his reformation. <span class="cmt_word">That the king sent Shaphan the son of Azaliah, the son of Meshullam, the scribe, to the house of the Lord, saying.</span> Shaphan held the office, which Shebna had held in the later part of Hezekiah's reign (<a href="/2_kings/18-18.htm">2 Kings 18:18</a>), an office of much importance and dignity. According to the author of Chronicles (<a href="/2_chronicles/34-8.htm">2 Chronicles 34:8</a>), there were associated with him on this occasion two other personages of importance, viz. Maaseiah, the governor of the city (comp. <a href="/1_kings/22-26.htm">1 Kings 22:26</a>), and Joah the son of Joahaz, the "recorder," or "remembrancer." <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/2_kings/22-3.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">Now</span><br /><span class="heb">וַיְהִ֗י</span> <span class="translit">(way·hî)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Verb - Qal - Consecutive imperfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1961.htm">Strong's 1961: </a> </span><span class="str2">To fall out, come to pass, become, be</span><br /><br /><span class="word">in the eighteenth</span><br /><span class="heb">בִּשְׁמֹנֶ֤ה</span> <span class="translit">(biš·mō·neh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-b | Number - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8083.htm">Strong's 8083: </a> </span><span class="str2">A cardinal number, eight, eighth</span><br /><br /><span class="word">year</span><br /><span class="heb">שָׁנָ֔ה</span> <span class="translit">(šā·nāh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8141.htm">Strong's 8141: </a> </span><span class="str2">A year</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of his reign,</span><br /><span class="heb">לַמֶּ֖לֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(lam·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l, Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">King</span><br /><span class="heb">הַ֠מֶּלֶךְ</span> <span class="translit">(ham·me·leḵ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4428.htm">Strong's 4428: </a> </span><span class="str2">A king</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Josiah</span><br /><span class="heb">יֹאשִׁיָּ֑הוּ</span> <span class="translit">(yō·šî·yā·hū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_2977.htm">Strong's 2977: </a> </span><span class="str2">Josiah -- 'Yah supports', two Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">sent</span><br /><span class="heb">שָׁלַ֣ח</span> <span class="translit">(šā·laḥ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Verb - Qal - Perfect - third person masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_7971.htm">Strong's 7971: </a> </span><span class="str2">To send away, for, out</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the scribe,</span><br /><span class="heb">הַסֹּפֵ֔ר</span> <span class="translit">(has·sō·p̄êr)</span><br /><span class="parse">Article | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5608.htm">Strong's 5608: </a> </span><span class="str2">To count, recount, relate</span><br /><br /><span class="word">Shaphan</span><br /><span class="heb">שָׁפָ֨ן</span> <span class="translit">(šā·p̄ān)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_8227.htm">Strong's 8227: </a> </span><span class="str2">A species of rockrabbit, the hyrax</span><br /><br /><span class="word">son</span><br /><span class="heb">בֶּן־</span> <span class="translit">(ben-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Azaliah,</span><br /><span class="heb">אֲצַלְיָ֤הוּ</span> <span class="translit">(’ă·ṣal·yā·hū)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_683.htm">Strong's 683: </a> </span><span class="str2">Azaliah -- 'Yah has reserved', an Israelite</span><br /><br /><span class="word">the son</span><br /><span class="heb">בֶן־</span> <span class="translit">(ḇen-)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1121.htm">Strong's 1121: </a> </span><span class="str2">A son</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of Meshullam,</span><br /><span class="heb">מְשֻׁלָּם֙</span> <span class="translit">(mə·šul·lām)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4918.htm">Strong's 4918: </a> </span><span class="str2">Meshullam -- the name of a number of Israelites</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to the house</span><br /><span class="heb">בֵּ֥ית</span> <span class="translit">(bêṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - masculine singular construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1004.htm">Strong's 1004: </a> </span><span class="str2">A house</span><br /><br /><span class="word">of the LORD,</span><br /><span class="heb">יְהוָ֖ה</span> <span class="translit">(Yah·weh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - proper - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_3068.htm">Strong's 3068: </a> </span><span class="str2">LORD -- the proper name of the God of Israel</span><br /><br /><span class="word">saying,</span><br /><span class="heb">לֵאמֹֽר׃</span> <span class="translit">(lê·mōr)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_559.htm">Strong's 559: </a> </span><span class="str2">To utter, say</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/2_kings/22-3.htm">2 Kings 22:3 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/2_kings/22-3.htm">OT History: 2 Kings 22:3 It happened in the eighteenth year (2Ki iiKi ii ki 2 kg 2kg) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/2_kings/22-2.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="2 Kings 22:2"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="2 Kings 22:2" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/2_kings/22-4.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="2 Kings 22:4"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="2 Kings 22:4" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>