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OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015 - Statistics - OECD iLibrary
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Country</a> <!-- start of Theme&Country list --> <div id="themeCountryList" class="mainPane clearfix"> <form action="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/search" id="themeandcountryform"> <input type="hidden" value="en" name="site"/> <input type="hidden" value="fullText" name="option1"/> <input type="hidden" value="*" name="value1"/> <input type="hidden" name="option2" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="value2" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="option3" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="value3" value=""/> <input type="hidden" value="year_from" name="option4"/> <input type="hidden" value="1900" name="value4"/> <input type="hidden" value="year_to" name="option5"/> <input type="hidden" name="option7" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="value7" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="option8" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="value8" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="option9" value=""/> <input type="hidden" name="value9" value=""/> <input type="hidden" 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<input type="hidden" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/imprint/oecd" name="value6"/> <input type="hidden" value="imprint" name="option6"/> <input type="hidden" value="discontinued" name="option21"/> <input type="hidden" value="true" name="value21"/> <input type="hidden" value="countryThemeSearch" name="form_name"/> <div class="pane"> <p>Select one or more items in one or both lists to browse for the relevant content</p> <!-- navigation object : Catalogue List --> <div id="li_container3" class="li_container"> <ul class="li_cont1"> <li class="li_col1 heading"> <h3>Theme <span><a href="#" class="select">Select</a> / <a href="#" class="clear">Clear</a> all</span></h3> </li> <div> <input type="hidden" value="theme" name="option16"/> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/30" name="value16" id="themeitem1" data-url="/agriculture"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem1">Agriculture and Food</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/40" name="value16" id="themeitem2" data-url="/development"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem2">Development</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/79" name="value16" id="themeitem3" data-url="/economics"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem3">Economics</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/31" name="value16" id="themeitem4" data-url="/education"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem4">Education</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/33" name="value16" id="themeitem5" data-url="/employment"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem5">Employment</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/34" name="value16" id="themeitem6" data-url="/energy"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem6">Energy</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/36" name="value16" id="themeitem7" data-url="/environment"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem7">Environment</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/37" name="value16" id="themeitem8" data-url="/finance"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem8">Finance and Investment</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/39" name="value16" id="themeitem9" data-url="/governance"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem9">Governance</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/77" name="value16" id="themeitem10" data-url="/industry"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem10">Industry and Services</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/41" name="value16" id="themeitem11" data-url="/nuclear"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem11">Nuclear Energy</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/42" name="value16" id="themeitem12" data-url="/science"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem12">Science and Technology</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/43" name="value16" id="themeitem13" data-url="/socialissues"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem13">Social Issues/Migration/Health</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/45" name="value16" id="themeitem14" data-url="/taxation"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem14">Taxation</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/78" name="value16" id="themeitem15" data-url="/trade"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem15">Trade</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/48" name="value16" id="themeitem16" data-url="/transport"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem16">Transport</label></li> <li class="li_col1"><input type="checkbox" value="/content/subject/46" name="value16" id="themeitem17" data-url="/regions"/> <label class="langThemeTitle" for="themeitem17">Urban, Rural and Regional Development</label></li> </div> </ul> <ul class="li_cont2"> <li class="li_col1 heading"> <h3>Country <span><a href="#" class="select"> Select</a> / <a href="#" class="clear">Clear</a> all</span></h3> </li> <div> <input type="hidden" value="country" name="option17"/> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="af" name="value17" id="countryitem1" data-url="/afghanistan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem1">Afghanistan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="al" name="value17" id="countryitem2" data-url="/albania"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem2">Albania</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="dz" name="value17" id="countryitem3" data-url="/algeria"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem3">Algeria</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="as" name="value17" id="countryitem4" data-url="/americansamoa"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem4">American Samoa</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ad" name="value17" id="countryitem5" data-url="/andorra"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem5">Andorra</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ao" name="value17" id="countryitem6" data-url="/angola"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem6">Angola</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ai" name="value17" id="countryitem7" data-url="/anguilla"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem7">Anguilla</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ag" name="value17" id="countryitem8" data-url="/antiguaandbarbuda"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem8">Antigua and Barbuda</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ar" name="value17" id="countryitem9" data-url="/argentina"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem9">Argentina</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="am" name="value17" id="countryitem10" data-url="/armenia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem10">Armenia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="aw" name="value17" id="countryitem11" data-url="/aruba"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem11">Aruba</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="au" name="value17" id="countryitem12" data-url="/australia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem12">Australia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="at" name="value17" id="countryitem13" data-url="/austria"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem13">Austria</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="az" name="value17" id="countryitem14" data-url="/azerbaijan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem14">Azerbaijan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bs" name="value17" id="countryitem15" data-url="/bahamas"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem15">Bahamas</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bh" name="value17" id="countryitem16" data-url="/bahrain"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem16">Bahrain</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bst" name="value17" id="countryitem17" data-url="/balticstates"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem17">Baltic States</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bd" name="value17" id="countryitem18" data-url="/bangladesh"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem18">Bangladesh</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bb" name="value17" id="countryitem19" data-url="/barbados"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem19">Barbados</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="by" name="value17" id="countryitem20" data-url="/belarus"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem20">Belarus</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="be" name="value17" id="countryitem21" data-url="/belgium"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem21">Belgium</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bz" name="value17" id="countryitem22" data-url="/belize"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem22">Belize</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bj" name="value17" id="countryitem23" data-url="/benin"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem23">Benin</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bm" name="value17" id="countryitem24" data-url="/bermuda"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem24">Bermuda</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bt" name="value17" id="countryitem25" data-url="/bhutan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem25">Bhutan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bo" name="value17" id="countryitem26" data-url="/bolivia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem26">Bolivia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ba" name="value17" id="countryitem27" data-url="/bosniaandherzegovina"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem27">Bosnia and Herzegovina</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bw" name="value17" id="countryitem28" data-url="/botswana"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem28">Botswana</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="br" name="value17" id="countryitem29" data-url="/brazil"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem29">Brazil</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="io" name="value17" id="countryitem30" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem30">British Indian Ocean Territory</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bn" name="value17" id="countryitem31" data-url="/bruneidarussalam"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem31">Brunei Darussalam</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bg" name="value17" id="countryitem32" data-url="/bulgaria"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem32">Bulgaria</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bf" name="value17" id="countryitem33" data-url="/burkinafaso"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem33">Burkina Faso</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="bi" name="value17" id="countryitem34" data-url="/burundi"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem34">Burundi</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kh" name="value17" id="countryitem35" data-url="/cambodia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem35">Cambodia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cm" name="value17" id="countryitem36" data-url="/cameroon"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem36">Cameroon</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ca" name="value17" id="countryitem37" data-url="/canada"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem37">Canada</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cv" name="value17" id="countryitem38" data-url="/capeverde"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem38">Cape Verde</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ky" name="value17" id="countryitem39" data-url="/caymanislands"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem39">Cayman Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cf" name="value17" id="countryitem40" data-url="/centralafricanrepublic"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem40">Central African Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="td" name="value17" id="countryitem41" data-url="/chad"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem41">Chad</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cl" name="value17" id="countryitem42" data-url="/chile"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem42">Chile</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cn" name="value17" id="countryitem43" data-url="/china"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem43">China, People鈥檚 Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="tw" name="value17" id="countryitem44" data-url="/taiwanprovinceofchina"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem44">Chinese Taipei</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="co" name="value17" id="countryitem45" data-url="/colombia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem45">Colombia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="km" name="value17" id="countryitem46" data-url="/comoros"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem46">Comoros</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cg" name="value17" id="countryitem47" data-url="/congo"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem47">Congo</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cd" name="value17" id="countryitem48" data-url="/congothedemocraticrepublicofthe"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem48">Congo, the Democratic Republic of the</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ck" name="value17" id="countryitem49" data-url="/cookislands"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem49">Cook Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cr" name="value17" id="countryitem50" data-url="/costarica"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem50">Costa Rica</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ci" name="value17" id="countryitem51" data-url="/cotedivoire"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem51">Cote d'Ivoire</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="hr" name="value17" id="countryitem52" data-url="/croatia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem52">Croatia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cu" name="value17" id="countryitem53" data-url="/cuba"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem53">Cuba</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cy" name="value17" id="countryitem54" data-url="/cyprus"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem54">Cyprus</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="cz" name="value17" id="countryitem55" data-url="/czecrepublic"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem55">Czech Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="dk" name="value17" id="countryitem56" data-url="/denmark"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem56">Denmark</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="dj" name="value17" id="countryitem57" data-url="/djibouti"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem57">Djibouti</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="dm" name="value17" id="countryitem58" data-url="/dominica"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem58">Dominica</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="do" name="value17" id="countryitem59" data-url="/dominicanrepublic"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem59">Dominican Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ec" name="value17" id="countryitem60" data-url="/ecuador"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem60">Ecuador</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="eg" name="value17" id="countryitem61" data-url="/egypt"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem61">Egypt</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sv" name="value17" id="countryitem62" data-url="/elsalvador"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem62">El Salvador</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gq" name="value17" id="countryitem63" data-url="/equatorialguinea"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem63">Equatorial Guinea</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="er" name="value17" id="countryitem64" data-url="/eritrea"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem64">Eritrea</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ee" name="value17" id="countryitem65" data-url="/estonia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem65">Estonia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="et" name="value17" id="countryitem66" data-url="/ethiopia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem66">Ethiopia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="euz" name="value17" id="countryitem67" data-url="/euroarea"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem67">Euro Area</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="eur" name="value17" id="countryitem68" data-url="/eu"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem68">European Union</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="fk" name="value17" id="countryitem69" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem69">Falkland Islands (Malvinas)</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="fo" name="value17" id="countryitem70" data-url="/faroeislands"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem70">Faroe Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="fj" name="value17" id="countryitem71" data-url="/fiji"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem71">Fiji</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="fi" name="value17" id="countryitem72" data-url="/finland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem72">Finland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mk" name="value17" id="countryitem73" data-url="/macedoniatheformeryugoslavrepublicof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem73">Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia (FYROM)</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="fr" name="value17" id="countryitem74" data-url="/france"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem74">France</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gf" name="value17" id="countryitem75" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem75">French Guiana</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pf" name="value17" id="countryitem76" data-url="/frenchpolynesia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem76">French Polynesia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ga" name="value17" id="countryitem77" data-url="/gabon"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem77">Gabon</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gm" name="value17" id="countryitem78" data-url="/gambia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem78">Gambia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ge" name="value17" id="countryitem79" data-url="/georgia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem79">Georgia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="de" name="value17" id="countryitem80" data-url="/germany"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem80">Germany</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gh" name="value17" id="countryitem81" data-url="/ghana"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem81">Ghana</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gi" name="value17" id="countryitem82" data-url="/gibraltar"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem82">Gibraltar</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gr" name="value17" id="countryitem83" data-url="/greece"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem83">Greece</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gl" name="value17" id="countryitem84" data-url="/greenland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem84">Greenland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gd" name="value17" id="countryitem85" data-url="/grenada"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem85">Grenada</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gu" name="value17" id="countryitem86" data-url="/guam"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem86">Guam</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gt" name="value17" id="countryitem87" data-url="/guatemala"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem87">Guatemala</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gg" name="value17" id="countryitem88" data-url="/guernsey"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem88">Guernsey</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gn" name="value17" id="countryitem89" data-url="/guinea"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem89">Guinea</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gw" name="value17" id="countryitem90" data-url="/guineabissau"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem90">Guinea-Bissau</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gy" name="value17" id="countryitem91" data-url="/guyana"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem91">Guyana</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ht" name="value17" id="countryitem92" data-url="/haiti"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem92">Haiti</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="va" name="value17" id="countryitem93" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem93">Holy See (Vatican City State)</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="hn" name="value17" id="countryitem94" data-url="/honduras"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem94">Honduras</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="hk" name="value17" id="countryitem95" data-url="/hongkong"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem95">Hong Kong, China</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="hu" name="value17" id="countryitem96" data-url="/hungary"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem96">Hungary</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="is" name="value17" id="countryitem97" data-url="/iceland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem97">Iceland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="in" name="value17" id="countryitem98" data-url="/india"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem98">India</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="id" name="value17" id="countryitem99" data-url="/indonesia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem99">Indonesia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ir" name="value17" id="countryitem100" data-url="/iranislamicrepublicof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem100">Iran, Islamic Republic of</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="iq" name="value17" id="countryitem101" data-url="/iraq"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem101">Iraq</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ie" name="value17" id="countryitem102" data-url="/ireland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem102">Ireland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="im" name="value17" id="countryitem103" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem103">Isle of Man</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="il" name="value17" id="countryitem104" data-url="/israel"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem104">Israel</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="it" name="value17" id="countryitem105" data-url="/italy"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem105">Italy</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="jm" name="value17" id="countryitem106" data-url="/jamaica"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem106">Jamaica</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="jp" name="value17" id="countryitem107" data-url="/japan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem107">Japan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="je" name="value17" id="countryitem108" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem108">Jersey</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="jo" name="value17" id="countryitem109" data-url="/jordan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem109">Jordan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kz" name="value17" id="countryitem110" data-url="/kazakhstan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem110">Kazakhstan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ke" name="value17" id="countryitem111" data-url="/kenya"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem111">Kenya</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ki" name="value17" id="countryitem112" data-url="/kiribati"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem112">Kiribati</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kp" name="value17" id="countryitem113" data-url="/koreademocraticpeoplesrepublicof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem113">Korea, Democratic People's Republic of</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kr" name="value17" id="countryitem114" data-url="/Kkorearepublicof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem114">Korea, Republic of</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="xk" name="value17" id="countryitem115" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem115">Kosovo</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kw" name="value17" id="countryitem116" data-url="/kuwait"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem116">Kuwait</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kg" name="value17" id="countryitem117" data-url="/kyrgyzstan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem117">Kyrgyzstan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="la" name="value17" id="countryitem118" data-url="/laopeoplesdemocraticrepublic"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem118">Lao People's Democratic Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lv" name="value17" id="countryitem119" data-url="/latvia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem119">Latvia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lb" name="value17" id="countryitem120" data-url="/lebanon"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem120">Lebanon</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ls" name="value17" id="countryitem121" data-url="/lesotho"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem121">Lesotho</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lr" name="value17" id="countryitem122" data-url="/liberia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem122">Liberia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ly" name="value17" id="countryitem123" data-url="/libyanarabjamahiriya"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem123">Libya</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="li" name="value17" id="countryitem124" data-url="/liechtenstein"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem124">Liechtenstein</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lt" name="value17" id="countryitem125" data-url="/lithuania"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem125">Lithuania</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lu" name="value17" id="countryitem126" data-url="/luxembourg"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem126">Luxembourg</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mo" name="value17" id="countryitem127" data-url="/macao"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem127">Macau, China</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mg" name="value17" id="countryitem128" data-url="/madagascar"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem128">Madagascar</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mw" name="value17" id="countryitem129" data-url="/malawi"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem129">Malawi</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="my" name="value17" id="countryitem130" data-url="/malaysia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem130">Malaysia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mv" name="value17" id="countryitem131" data-url="/maldives"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem131">Maldives</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ml" name="value17" id="countryitem132" data-url="/mali"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem132">Mali</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mt" name="value17" id="countryitem133" data-url="/malta"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem133">Malta</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mh" name="value17" id="countryitem134" data-url="/marshallislands"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem134">Marshall Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mr" name="value17" id="countryitem135" data-url="/mauritania"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem135">Mauritania</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mu" name="value17" id="countryitem136" data-url="/mauritius"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem136">Mauritius</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="yt" name="value17" id="countryitem137" data-url="/mayotte"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem137">Mayotte</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mx" name="value17" id="countryitem138" data-url="/mexico"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem138">Mexico</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="fm" name="value17" id="countryitem139" data-url="/micronesiafederatedstatesof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem139">Micronesia, Federated States of</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="md" name="value17" id="countryitem140" data-url="/moldovarepublicof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem140">Moldova, Republic of</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mc" name="value17" id="countryitem141" data-url="/monaco"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem141">Monaco</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mn" name="value17" id="countryitem142" data-url="/mongolia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem142">Mongolia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="me" name="value17" id="countryitem143" data-url="/montenegro"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem143">Montenegro</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ms" name="value17" id="countryitem144" data-url="/montserrat"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem144">Montserrat</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ma" name="value17" id="countryitem145" data-url="/morocco"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem145">Morocco</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mz" name="value17" id="countryitem146" data-url="/mozambique"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem146">Mozambique</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mm" name="value17" id="countryitem147" data-url="/myanmar"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem147">Myanmar</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="na" name="value17" id="countryitem148" data-url="/namibia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem148">Namibia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="nr" name="value17" id="countryitem149" data-url="/nauru"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem149">Nauru</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="np" name="value17" id="countryitem150" data-url="/nepal"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem150">Nepal</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="nl" name="value17" id="countryitem151" data-url="/netherlands"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem151">Netherlands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="an" name="value17" id="countryitem152" data-url="/netherlandsantilles"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem152">Netherlands Antilles</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="nc" name="value17" id="countryitem153" data-url="/newcaledonia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem153">New Caledonia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="nz" name="value17" id="countryitem154" data-url="/newzealand"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem154">New Zealand</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ni" name="value17" id="countryitem155" data-url="/nicaragua"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem155">Nicaragua</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ne" name="value17" id="countryitem156" data-url="/niger"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem156">Niger</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ng" name="value17" id="countryitem157" data-url="/nigeria"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem157">Nigeria</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="nu" name="value17" id="countryitem158" data-url="/niue"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem158">Niue</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="nf" name="value17" id="countryitem159" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem159">Norfolk Island</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="mp" name="value17" id="countryitem160" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem160">Northern Mariana Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="no" name="value17" id="countryitem161" data-url="/norway"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem161">Norway</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="om" name="value17" id="countryitem162" data-url="/oman"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem162">Oman</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pk" name="value17" id="countryitem163" data-url="/pakistan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem163">Pakistan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pw" name="value17" id="countryitem164" data-url="/palau"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem164">Palau</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ps" name="value17" id="countryitem165" data-url="/palestinianterritoryoccupied"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem165">Palestinian Authority</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pa" name="value17" id="countryitem166" data-url="/panama"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem166">Panama</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pg" name="value17" id="countryitem167" data-url="/papuanewguinea"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem167">Papua New Guinea</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="py" name="value17" id="countryitem168" data-url="/paraguay"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem168">Paraguay</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pe" name="value17" id="countryitem169" data-url="/peru"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem169">Peru</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ph" name="value17" id="countryitem170" data-url="/philippines"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem170">Philippines</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pn" name="value17" id="countryitem171" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem171">Pitcairn</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pl" name="value17" id="countryitem172" data-url="/poland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem172">Poland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pt" name="value17" id="countryitem173" data-url="/portugal"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem173">Portugal</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pr" name="value17" id="countryitem174" data-url="/puertorico"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem174">Puerto Rico</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="qa" name="value17" id="countryitem175" data-url="/qatar"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem175">Qatar</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ro" name="value17" id="countryitem176" data-url="/romania"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem176">Romania</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ru" name="value17" id="countryitem177" data-url="/russianfederation"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem177">Russian Federation</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="rw" name="value17" id="countryitem178" data-url="/rwanda"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem178">Rwanda</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sh" name="value17" id="countryitem179" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem179">Saint Helena</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="kn" name="value17" id="countryitem180" data-url="/saintkittsandnevis"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem180">Saint Kitts and Nevis</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lc" name="value17" id="countryitem181" data-url="/saintlucia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem181">Saint Lucia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="pm" name="value17" id="countryitem182" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem182">Saint Pierre and Miquelon</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="vc" name="value17" id="countryitem183" data-url="/saintvincentandthegrenadines"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem183">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ws" name="value17" id="countryitem184" data-url="/samoa"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem184">Samoa</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sm" name="value17" id="countryitem185" data-url="/sanmarino"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem185">San Marino</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="st" name="value17" id="countryitem186" data-url="/saotomeandprincipe"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem186">Sao Tome and Principe</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sa" name="value17" id="countryitem187" data-url="/saudiarabia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem187">Saudi Arabia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sn" name="value17" id="countryitem188" data-url="/senegal"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem188">Senegal</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="rs" name="value17" id="countryitem189" data-url="/serbia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem189">Serbia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sc" name="value17" id="countryitem190" data-url="/seychelles"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem190">Seychelles</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sl" name="value17" id="countryitem191" data-url="/sierraleone"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem191">Sierra Leone</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sg" name="value17" id="countryitem192" data-url="/singapore"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem192">Singapore</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sk" name="value17" id="countryitem193" data-url="/slovakia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem193">Slovak Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="si" name="value17" id="countryitem194" data-url="/slovenia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem194">Slovenia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sb" name="value17" id="countryitem195" data-url="/solomonislands"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem195">Solomon Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="so" name="value17" id="countryitem196" data-url="/somalia"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem196">Somalia</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="za" name="value17" id="countryitem197" data-url="/southafrica"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem197">South Africa</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="gs" name="value17" id="countryitem198" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem198">South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ss" name="value17" id="countryitem199" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem199">South Sudan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="es" name="value17" id="countryitem200" data-url="/spain"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem200">Spain</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="lk" name="value17" id="countryitem201" data-url="/srilanka"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem201">Sri Lanka</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sd" name="value17" id="countryitem202" data-url="/sudan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem202">Sudan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sr" name="value17" id="countryitem203" data-url="/suriname"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem203">Suriname</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sj" name="value17" id="countryitem204" data-url="/content/subject/46"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem204">Svalbard and Jan Mayen</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sz" name="value17" id="countryitem205" data-url="/swaziland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem205">Swaziland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="se" name="value17" id="countryitem206" data-url="/sweden"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem206">Sweden</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="ch" name="value17" id="countryitem207" data-url="/switzerland"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem207">Switzerland</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="sy" name="value17" id="countryitem208" data-url="/syriaarabrepublic"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem208">Syrian Arab Republic</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="tj" name="value17" id="countryitem209" data-url="/tajikistan"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem209">Tajikistan</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="tz" name="value17" id="countryitem210" data-url="/tanzaniaunitedrepublicof"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem210">Tanzania, United Republic of</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="th" name="value17" id="countryitem211" data-url="/thailand"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem211">Thailand</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="tl" name="value17" id="countryitem212" data-url="/timorleste"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem212">Timor-Leste</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="tg" name="value17" id="countryitem213" data-url="/togo"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem213">Togo</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="tk" name="value17" id="countryitem214" data-url="/tokelau"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" for="countryitem214">Tokelau</label></li> <li class="li_col1"> <input type="checkbox" value="to" name="value17" id="countryitem215" data-url="/tonga"/> <label class="langCountryTitle" 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<a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/rss/content/serial/23069341/latest?fmt=rss" title="Subscribe to the feed" rel=""><span title="Subscribe to the feed"><img src="/web/20170329033928im_/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/images/oecd/feedIcon.png" alt="RSS" class="rss"/></span></a> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/rss/content/serial/23069341/latest?fmt=rss" title="Subscribe to the feed" rel=""><span title="Subscribe to the feed">Subscribe to the feed</span></a> </li></ul> </div> <div class="bottom"><div> </div></div> </div> </div> <h1 class=" igo"> <span>OECD Urban Policy Reviews</span></h1> <div class="top-content-left"> <div class="sans"> <span></span> <span class="">English</span> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ //$("#langdivnofloat").find(".metalang").tsort(); $(".metalang").tsort(); }); </script> <!-- accessItems --> <!-- This is to handle delivery to annex - can't use licensable properties as this is not a straight forward property. Need to pass the book id and check licences against this instead --> <div class="clear-wrapper"><dl class="document-identifiers"> <dt> <abbr title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN: </abbr></dt><dd> 2306-9341 (online) </dd> <dt> <abbr title="International Standard Serial Number">ISSN: </abbr></dt><dd> 2306-9333 (print) </dd> <dt> <abbr title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI: </abbr></dt><dd> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews_23069341" class="underline" title="10.1787/23069341" rel=""><span title="10.1787/23069341">10.1787/23069341</span></a> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> <div class="top-content-middle"> <div class="top-content-middle-i"> <div class="show-hide-abstracts-top"> <span class="show-hide-abstracts show-hide-abstracts-all fspan "> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en" class="hide-abstracts inactive" title="Hide Abstracts" rel=""><span title="Hide Abstracts">Hide</span></a> / <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en" class="show-abstracts" title="Show Abstracts" rel=""><span title="Show Abstracts">Show</span></a> Abstract </span> </div> <div class="abstract showhide-top"><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>OECD Urban Policy Reviews provide a comprehensive assessment of a country’s urban policies as seen through multiple lenses, including economic, social and environmental. First, the reviews focus on the policies designed and introduced by the central government that directly address urban development and regional development policies with an urban development focus. Second, the reviews analyse how national spatial planning for urban regions, along with specific sectoral policies, impact urban development, directly and indirectly. Often, public policies are designed to target sectoral objectives with little or no regard for their profound impact on urban areas, and the means available to implement policies at the local level. Third, the reviews address issues of governance, including inter-governmental fiscal relationships and the various institutional, fiscal and policy tools aimed at fostering co-ordinated urban development among different levels of government and different administrations at the central level. For example, reducing the fragmentation among urban governance structures can help enhance effectiveness and outcomes in public service delivery and other policy areas. From country to country, the OECD Urban Policy Reviews follow a consistent methodology that features cross-national comparisons and recommendations on the integration of sectoral policies into urban development policy, planning and management.</p> </xhtml:span></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="clearer"></div> <div id="ui-content" class=" "> <div class="box"> <div class="top"><div> </div></div> <div class="content"> <div id="ui-sidebar" class="size-default"> <div class="inner"> <div class="box grey"> <div class="top"><div> </div></div> <div class="content"> <ul class="sidebar-list"> <li> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en?citeformat=ris" target="_blank" onclick="var w=window.open('/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en?citeformat=ris','Cite11','top='+Math.floor((screen.height-420)/2)+',left='+Math.floor((screen.width-670)/2)+',height=420,width=670'); w.focus(); return false;" title="Cite this title"> Cite this publication </a> </li> <li><a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd.org/bookshop?lang=en&pub=9789264230033" title="Buy this book" rel=""><span title="Buy this book">Buy this book</span></a></li> <li class="br"> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/email?currentTarget=%2furban-rural-and-regional-development%2foecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en&itemId=%2fcontent%2fbook%2f9789264230040-en" title="Email this page" rel=""><span title="Email this page">Email this page</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="bottom"><div> </div></div> </div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> $("ul.sidebar-list li:last").css({borderBottom:'none'}); </script> <img src="/web/20170329033928im_/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/content/images/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en.jpg" alt="OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015" class="cover"/> <h3 class="latestIssues"> <h3 class="latestIssues">Latest Edition</h3> </h3> <h1 class=" smileyfrowny igo"> <span>OECD Urban Policy Reviews: China 2015</span> <!-- accessItems --> <img src="/web/20170329033928im_/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/images/oecd/big_frowny.gif" alt="You do not have access to this content" title="You do not have access to this content"/> </h1> <div class="langdiv langdivnofloat"><div class="sans"> <span></span> <span class="">English</span> </div> <script> $(document).ready(function(){ //$("#langdivnofloat").find(".metalang").tsort(); $(".metalang").tsort(); }); </script></div> <!-- accessItems --> <!-- This is to handle delivery to annex - can't use licensable properties as this is not a straight forward property. Need to pass the book id and check licences against this instead --> <div class="clearfix"></div> <span class="clicktoaccesshead"> <strong>Click to Access: </strong> </span> <ul class="fulltext "> <div class="hide fulltextcontentid">http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/0415051e.pdf</div> <li> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_5js6bj09rws6.pdf?contentType=%2fns%2fOECDBook%2c%2fns%2fBook&itemId=%2fcontent%2fbook%2f9789264230040-en&mimeType=application%2fpdf&containerItemId=%2fcontent%2fserial%2f23069341&accessItemIds=&option6=imprint&value6=http%3a%2f%2foecd.metastore.ingenta.com%2fcontent%2fimprint%2foecd" class="pdf" title="Click to download PDF - 5.07MB"><span> PDF </span></a> </li> <div class="hide fulltextcontentid">http://www.keepeek.com/Digital-Asset-Management/oecd/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en</div> <li> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/deliver/fulltext?contentType=%2fns%2fOECDBook%2c%2fns%2fBook&itemId=%2fcontent%2fbook%2f9789264230040-en&mimeType=freepreview&containerItemId=%2fcontent%2fserial%2f23069341&accessItemIds=&redirecturl=http%3a%2f%2fwww.keepeek.com%2fDigital-Asset-Management%2foecd%2furban-rural-and-regional-development%2foecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en&isPreview=true" class="freepreview" title="Click to Read online and share"><span> READ </span></a> </li> </ul> <dl class="authors"><dt class="hide">Author(s):</dt> <dd>OECD</dd></dl> <div class="contain"> <div class="clear-wrapper"><dl class="document-identifiers"> <dt class="mask"> </dt><dd> 18 Apr 2015 </dd> <dt> Pages:</dt><dd> 244 </dd> <dt> <abbr title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN:</abbr></dt><dd> 9789264230040 (PDF) ;9789264230033(print) </dd> <dt> <abbr title="Digital Object Identifier">DOI: </abbr></dt><dd> <span>10.1787/9789264230040-en</span> </dd> </dl> </div> </div> <div class="abstract-container"><p class="show-hide-container "> <span class="show-hide-abstracts show-hide-abstracts-all fspan default-to-open"> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en" class="hide-abstracts inactive" title="Hide Abstracts" rel=""><span title="Hide Abstracts">Hide</span></a> / <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en" class="show-abstracts" title="Show Abstracts" rel=""><span title="Show Abstracts">Show</span></a> Abstract </span></p> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>China needs a new model of urbanisation to match the shift to a new model of growth. For decades, both urbanisation and growth have been based on robust export demand, cheap labour, cheap land and artificially low pricing of environmental externalities. None of these can support growth or urban development in the future. This review examines the major challenges associated with the shift to a new model of urbanisation, looking at a range such issues as social and labour-market policies, land use and transport planning, urban planning, urban governance and public finance. The review presents a new assessment of China’s major cities, which defines functional urban areas based on settlement patterns and commuting zones rather than cities defined as administrative units. The results show, among other things, that China has many more mega-cities, with populations above 10 million, than the official data suggest. The good news for China is that the reforms needed to foster what the authorities call "people-centred urbanisation", while complex, are coherent with one another and supportive of the broader shift to a growth model that relies more on domestic demand and productivity growth.</p> </xhtml:span></span></div> </div> <div class="content-translations"><div class="meta-item sans relatedTitles"> <strong>Related links</strong> <a href="javascript:;" class="toggle closed"><img src="/web/20170329033928im_/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/images/oecd/placeholder.gif" alt="placeholder" width="15" height="11"/></a> <ul class="titlesList"> <li> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/the-metropolitan-century_9789264228733-en" title="The Metropolitan Century" rel=""><span title="The Metropolitan Century">The Metropolitan Century</span></a></li> <li> <a 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2014</span></a></li> <li> <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/governance/cities-and-climate-change_9789264091375-en" title="Cities and Climate Change" rel=""><span title="Cities and Climate Change">Cities and Climate Change</span></a></li> </ul> </div></div> <div class="clearer"></div> <!-- Get Multi-lingual summaries --> <div class="ahah-multiLingualSummaries"> <span class="multiLingualSummaries" data-ahahlink="/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en/summaries?facet-lens=http%3a%2f%2foecd.metastore.ingenta.com%2fviews%2fbook-summaries-view&fmt=ahah"><img src="/web/20170329033928im_/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/images/oecd/spinner.gif" alt="loader image" class="spinner loaderImage"/></span> <div class="multilingual-summaries-container"> </div> </div> <div class="toc-wrapper"> <form action="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/marked-list" method="post"> <input type="hidden" name="redirectTo" 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rel=""><span title="Hide Abstracts">Hide</span></a> / <a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015_9789264230040-en" class="show-abstracts" title="Show Abstracts" rel=""><span title="Show Abstracts">Show</span></a> all Abstracts </span> Table of Contents </h4> <ul class="listing toggle"> <li class="mark sans first">Mark <span class="clicktoaccess">Click to Access</span> </li> <li class="oldfirst listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art0" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-1-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/foreword-and-acknowledgements_9789264230040-1-en" class="articleItem" title="Foreword and acknowledgements" rel=""><span title="Foreword and acknowledgements">Foreword and acknowledgements</span></a> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Urban issues are increasingly prominent on national policy agendas in developed and emerging economies alike. Across OECD member countries, these policies encompass plans to solve traditional urban problems and to address newer issues such as urban competitiveness, city marketing, environmental sustainability and innovation. In much of the non-OECD world, governments are working to manage urbanisation processes that are unprecedented in speed and scale, confronting many of the same problems as OECD members but in a far more dynamic economic and social context. This dynamism, in turn, entails both challenges and opportunities: managing fast-growing cities can be harder than coping with stable ones, but it also offers more chances to innovate and, in many cases, avoid mistakes made in countries that urbanised much earlier – such as lock-in to a car-dependent urban form.</p></xhtml:span></span></div> </li> <li class="listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art1" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-2-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/acronyms-and-abbreviations_9789264230040-2-en" class="articleItem" title="Acronyms and abbreviations" rel=""><span title="Acronyms and abbreviations">Acronyms and abbreviations</span></a> </li> <li class="listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art2" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-3-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/executive-summary_9789264230040-3-en" class="articleItem" title="Executive summary" rel=""><span title="Executive summary">Executive summary</span></a> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>China’s urbanisation is unprecedented in scale and speed. Its urban population has roughly quadrupled in the last 35 years to more than 700 million, thanks chiefly to internal migration, and is likely to rise by a further 240 million over the next 35, lifting the urbanisation rate to around 75%.</p></xhtml:span></span></div> </li> <li class="listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art3" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-4-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/assessment-and-recommendations_9789264230040-4-en" class="articleItem" title="Assessment and Recommendations" rel=""><span title="Assessment and Recommendations">Assessment and Recommendations</span></a> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>Over the last three decades, urban development has taken off in the People’s Republic of China, in tandem with its extraordinary growth performance. On the whole, urbanisation and development have reinforced one another. The growth of cities has been driven in large part by the dramatic growth in agricultural productivity set in motion by the first wave of reforms and the end of the 1970s, which reduced the need for labour on the land and generated unprecedented income growth. This, in turn, helped spur the development of China’s urban sectors, which took off as the country opened up to external markets, turning China into an export powerhouse. As cities grew larger and denser, the economic benefits of agglomeration came into play, helping to sustain productivity growth. The results have been staggering. The urban population has roughly quadrupled, reaching more than 750 million. Hundreds of millions of people have been lifted out of poverty, and China has been transformed from an overwhelmingly agrarian and relatively poor country into a predominantly urban, industrial middle-income economy. GDP has risen more than 16-fold, and its share of global GDP has risen almost 7-fold.</p></xhtml:span></span></div> </li> <li class="listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art4" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-5-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/the-chinese-urban-system-and-its-challenges_9789264230040-5-en" class="articleItem" title="The Chinese urban system and its challenges" rel=""><span title="The Chinese urban system and its challenges">The Chinese urban system and its challenges</span></a> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>This chapter presents an overview of China’s recent urbanisation, looking first at the growth of Chinese cities’ populations and the evolution of the urban hierarchy and then at their economic performance. It considers both the continuing concentration of population in the largest cities and the differences in economic performance observed across different classes of city. This analysis is based in large part on the redefinition of Chinese functional urban areas rather than administrative units. When cities are defined on the basis of settlement patterns and commuting times rather than administrative borders, the picture of China’s urban hierarchy changes substantially. The chapter also examines trends in inequality at different spatial scales, as well as interpersonal inequality, and at the economic structure of Chinese cities. Finally, it explores some of the environmental challenges facing China’s fast-growing cities, particularly with respect to air quality.</p></xhtml:span></span></div> </li> <li class="listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art5" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-6-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/managing-urbanisation-in-china-migration-land-and-planning_9789264230040-6-en" class="articleItem" title="Managing urbanisation in China: Migration, land and planning" rel=""><span title="Managing urbanisation in China: Migration, land and planning">Managing urbanisation in China: Migration, land and planning</span></a> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>This chapter looks at the major elements of Chinese urbanisation policies. It begins with an exploration of migrant integration, looking at current institutions and policies as they affect both economic efficiency and social equity, and proposing steps to facilitate smoother absorption of rural migrants in Chinese cities. This is followed by an examination of land policy, which considers the causes and consequences of the segmentation of land markets between urban and rural sectors, as well as a possible pathway towards unification of the land market. A major section focuses on the way Chinese cities are built, exploring urban planning and public transport from the perspectives of economic efficiency, social equity and environmental sustainability. Overall, the chapter emphasises the links between these three domains and it explores the potential benefits of addressing them in tandem.</p></xhtml:span></span></div> </li> <li class="listitem"> <input type="checkbox" class="checkbox top-level" name="art6" value="http://oecd.metastore.ingenta.com/content/chapter/9789264230040-7-en"/><a href="/web/20170329033928/http://www.oecd-ilibrary.org/urban-rural-and-regional-development/oecd-urban-policy-reviews-china-2015/enhancing-china-s-urban-governance-structure_9789264230040-7-en" class="articleItem" title="Enhancing China's urban governance structure" rel=""><span title="Enhancing China's urban governance structure">Enhancing China's urban governance structure</span></a> <div class="abstract "><span><xhtml:span xml:lang="en" xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><p>This chapter examines urban governance in China. It assesses the main challenges presented by the current system of inter-governmental relations, which often seems to impede co-ordination across levels of government and among agencies at the same level of government. The chapter proposes strategies for strengthening collaboration for urban planning across levels of government and exploiting potential complementarities across jurisdictions and policy sectors. It also explores local government finance and the way the current arrangements for managing local public finance influence urbanisation decisions. It formulates some recommendations to enable local governments to finance urban development projects in a more sustainable, less distorting way. Finally, the chapter addresses the capacity gaps in Chinese local governments and proposes some measures to acquire the right competences and skills to formulate and implement urban development policies. It concludes with proposals to develop a strategic and integrated approach to urban planning involving real citizen participation.</p></xhtml:span></span></div> </li> <li> <a href="javascript:;" class="marked-list-button marked-list-button-small">Add to Marked List</a></li></ul> </div> </form> <div class="hidden ahahTocPublicationsUrl">/content/ahahtoc?fmt=ahah</div> <form id="ahahTocPublications" data-ahahlink="/content/ahahtoc?fmt=ahah"> <input type="hidden" name="pubIds" value="/content/chapter/9789264230040-1-en,/content/chapter/9789264230040-2-en,/content/chapter/9789264230040-3-en,/content/chapter/9789264230040-4-en,/content/chapter/9789264230040-5-en,/content/chapter/9789264230040-6-en,/content/chapter/9789264230040-7-en"/> <input type="hidden" name="fmt" value="ahah"/> <input type="hidden" name="ahahcontent" value="toc"/> </form> </div> <div class="bottom"><div> </div></div> </div> </div> <script type="text/javascript" charset="utf-8"> $(document).ready(function(){ var loading = false; 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