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Ulemá – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

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Disponível em 67 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-67" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">67 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — achém" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="achém" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="عالم (إسلام) — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عالم (إسلام)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%9Cl%C9%99ma" title="Üləma — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Üləma" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D3%A9%D0%BB%D3%99%D0%BC%D3%99" title="Ғөләмә — bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Ғөләмә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Улема — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Улема" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%93%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE" title="ওলামা — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ওলামা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — bósnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bósnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%B3" title="Ӏеламстаг — checheno" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Ӏеламстаг" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="checheno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="عالم (ئیسلام) — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="عالم (ئیسلام)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulam%C3%A1" title="Ulamá — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Ulamá" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alikali" title="Alikali — Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Alikali" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BFUlam%C4%81%27" title="ʿUlamā&#039; — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="ʿUlamā&#039;" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F%CF%85%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%BC%CE%AC%CF%82" title="Ουλεμάς — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ουλεμάς" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulemo" title="Ulemo — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ulemo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85_(%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85)" title="عالم (اسلام) — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="عالم (اسلام)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oul%C3%A9ma" title="Ouléma — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Ouléma" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama%27u" title="Ulama&#039;u — haúça" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ulama&#039;u" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="haúça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A2%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%90" title="עולמא — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="עולמא" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%89%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE" title="उलमा — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="उलमा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulemo" title="Ulemo — ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ulemo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CA%BF%C4%80lim" title="ʿĀlim — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="ʿĀlim" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%BC" title="ウラマー — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ウラマー" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ngulama" title="Ngulama — javanês" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Ngulama" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%92%D2%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Ғұлама — cazaque" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Ғұлама" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="cazaque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9A%B8%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88" title="울라마 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="울라마" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alim" title="Alim — curdo" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Alim" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="curdo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mad mw-list-item"><a href="https://mad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olama%27" title="Olama&#039; — madurês" lang="mad" hreflang="mad" data-title="Olama&#039;" data-language-autonym="Madhurâ" data-language-local-name="madurês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Madhurâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Улема — macedónio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Улема" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AE" title="ഉലമ — malaiala" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഉലമ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malaiala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oelama" title="Oelama — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Oelama" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama_(islam)" title="Ulama (islam) — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Ulama (islam)" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulem" title="Ulem — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Ulem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="علماء — pastó" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="علماء" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="pastó" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%80%98Ulama" title="‘Ulama — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="‘Ulama" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Улем — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Улем" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aalim" title="Aalim — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Aalim" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulam%C3%A1" title="Ulamá — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Ulamá" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — albanês" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B0" title="Улема — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Улема" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — sundanês" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulama" title="Ulama — suaíli" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ulama" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="suaíli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%89%E0%B0%B2%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE" title="ఉలేమా — telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఉలేమా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%8C" title="อุละมาอ์ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อุละมาอ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulema" title="Ulema — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Ulema" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Улем — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Улем" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A1" title="علماء — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="علماء" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ulamo" title="Ulamo — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ulamo" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E7%90%86%E7%8E%9B" title="乌理玛 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="乌理玛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90" title="ულემა — Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ულემა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E7%90%86%E7%91%AA" title="烏理瑪 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="烏理瑪" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189459#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ulem%C3%A1" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Discuss%C3%A3o:Ulem%C3%A1" rel="discussion" title="Discussão sobre o conteúdo da página [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Mudar a variante da língua" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">português</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vistas"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ulem%C3%A1"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;action=history" title="Edições anteriores desta página. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ferramentas" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ferramentas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ferramentas</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Mais opções" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Operações </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Ulem%C3%A1"><span>Ler</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;veaction=edit" title="Editar esta página [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Editar</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;action=edit" title="Editar o código-fonte desta página [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Editar código-fonte</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;action=history"><span>Ver histórico</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Geral </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_afluentes/Ulem%C3%A1" title="Lista de todas as páginas que contêm hiperligações para esta [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Páginas afluentes</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:Altera%C3%A7%C3%B5es_relacionadas/Ulem%C3%A1" rel="nofollow" title="Mudanças recentes nas páginas para as quais esta contém hiperligações [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Alterações relacionadas</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Carregar_ficheiro" title="Carregar ficheiros [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Carregar ficheiro</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Especial:P%C3%A1ginas_especiais" title="Lista de páginas especiais [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Páginas especiais</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;oldid=66376571" title="Hiperligação permanente para esta revisão desta página"><span>Hiperligação permanente</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;action=info" title="Mais informações sobre esta página"><span>Informações da página</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Citar&amp;page=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;id=66376571&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informação sobre como citar esta página"><span>Citar esta página</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUlem%25C3%25A1"><span>Obter URL encurtado</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FUlem%25C3%25A1"><span>Descarregar código QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Imprimir/exportar </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:Livro&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Ulem%C3%A1"><span>Criar um livro</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Especial:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Descarregar como PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;printable=yes" title="Versão para impressão desta página [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Versão para impressão</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Noutros projetos </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Muslim_jurists" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q189459" title="Hiperligação para o elemento do repositório de dados [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Elemento Wikidata</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Ferramentas de página"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspeto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspeto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">mover para a barra lateral</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ocultar</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Origem: Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="pt" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r68971778">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output 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.tmbox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox{background-color:#2e2505}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmbox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.tmbox img{max-width:none!important}</style><table class="box-Sem_fontes plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Question_book.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Question_book.svg/40px-Question_book.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="32" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Question_book.svg/60px-Question_book.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Question_book.svg/80px-Question_book.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="252" data-file-height="199" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">Este artigo <b>não cita <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Verificabilidade" title="Wikipédia:Verificabilidade">fontes confiáveis</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Ajude a <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Livro_de_estilo/Cite_as_fontes" title="Wikipédia:Livro de estilo/Cite as fontes">inserir referências</a>. Conteúdo não <a href="/wiki/Wikip%C3%A9dia:Verificabilidade" title="Wikipédia:Verificabilidade">verificável</a> pode ser removido.—<small><i>Encontre fontes:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">ABW</a> &#160;&#8226;&#32; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br">CAPES</a> &#160;&#8226;&#32; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;as_epq=Ulem%C3%A1">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&amp;tbm=nws&amp;q=Ulem%C3%A1&amp;oq=Ulem%C3%A1">N</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&amp;as_brr=0&amp;as_epq=Ulem%C3%A1">L</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&amp;q=Ulem%C3%A1">A</a>)</span></small></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Fevereiro de 2013</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Constantinople(1878)-ulema.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Constantinople%281878%29-ulema.png/220px-Constantinople%281878%29-ulema.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="261" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Constantinople%281878%29-ulema.png/330px-Constantinople%281878%29-ulema.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/69/Constantinople%281878%29-ulema.png 2x" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption>Um ulemá <a href="/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rio_Otomano" title="Império Otomano">otomano</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Um <b>ulemá</b> ou <b>álime</b> (em <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_%C3%A1rabe" title="Língua árabe">árabe</a>&#58; <span lang="ar"> علماء</span> <i><span lang="ar-Latn" title="DIN 31635 Arabic" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">ʿulamāʾ </span></i>, singular <span lang="ar">عالِم</span> <i><span lang="ar-Latn" title="DIN 31635 Arabic" class="Unicode" style="white-space:normal; text-decoration: none">ʿālim</span></i>, "erudito", "sábio", "conhecedor [da lei]") é um <a href="/wiki/Te%C3%B3logo" class="mw-redirect" title="Teólogo">teólogo</a> ou sábio e versado em <a href="/wiki/Direito" title="Direito">leis</a> e <a href="/wiki/Religi%C3%A3o" title="Religião">religião</a>, entre os <a href="/wiki/Isl%C3%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="Islã">muçulmanos</a>. Os ulemás são conhecidos como árbitros da <a href="/wiki/Charia" class="mw-redirect" title="Charia">charia</a>, o direito islâmico. Embora sejam especialmente versados em direito islâmico, alguns também estudam outras <a href="/wiki/Ci%C3%AAncia" title="Ciência">ciências</a>, como <a href="/wiki/Filosofia" title="Filosofia">filosofia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teologia" title="Teologia">teologia</a> <a href="/wiki/Dial%C3%A9tica" title="Dialética">dialética</a> e <a href="/wiki/Hermen%C3%AAutica" title="Hermenêutica">hermenêutica</a> <a href="/wiki/Alcor%C3%A3o" title="Alcorão">alcorânica</a>. Os campos estudados e a sua importância variam conforme a tradição e a escola. </p><p>Num sentido mais amplo, o termo "ulemá" é empregado para descrever o corpo de clérigos muçulmanos que completaram vários anos de estudo das ciências islâmicas, como um <a href="/wiki/Mufti" title="Mufti">mufti</a>, um <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1di" title="Cádi">cádi</a>, um <a href="/wiki/Alfaqui" title="Alfaqui">alfaqui</a> ou um <i>muhaddith</i>. Alguns muçulmanos incluem no escopo deste termo os <a href="/wiki/Mul%C3%A1" title="Mulá">mulás</a>, <a href="/wiki/Imame" title="Imame">imames</a> e maulvis de vilarejo — que atingiram apenas os degraus mais baixos da escada acadêmica islâmica; outros muçulmanos diriam que os clérigos devem ter padrões mais altos para ser considerados ulemás. </p><p>Os ulemás são muito poderosos na tradição <a href="/wiki/Xiismo" title="Xiismo">xiita</a> do Islã. Após a <a href="/wiki/Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Iraniana" title="Revolução Iraniana">Revolução de 1979</a> no <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A3" title="Irã">Irã</a>, facções do clero xiita iraniano, sob a chefia de <a href="/wiki/Khomeini" class="mw-redirect" title="Khomeini">Khomeini</a>, assumiram o controle do país, com a justificativa da doutrina da "tutela dos juristas" (<i>Wilayat-i Faqih</i>). O regime do <a href="/wiki/Talib%C3%A3" title="Talibã">Talibã</a>, no <a href="/wiki/Afeganist%C3%A3o" title="Afeganistão">Afeganistão</a>, também era chefiado por um mulá, <a href="/wiki/Mohammed_Omar" title="Mohammed Omar">Omar</a>. Entretanto, na maioria dos países, os mulás são apenas autoridades locais. </p><p>A segunda metade do <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A9culo_XX" title="Século XX">século XX</a> assistiu a uma progressiva perda de influência e autoridade dos ulemás, exceto na <a href="/wiki/Ar%C3%A1bia_Saudita" title="Arábia Saudita">Arábia Saudita</a> e no <a href="/wiki/Ir%C3%A3" title="Irã">Irã</a>. Muitos governos árabes <a href="/wiki/Secularismo" title="Secularismo">seculares</a> buscaram reduzir a sua influência na política, após chegarem ao poder. As instituições religiosas foram nacionalizadas e o sistema de <i>waqf</i> (ou doações religiosas), que era a principal fonte de renda dos ulemás, foi abolido. </p> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐7bbd5b958b‐x7vtx Cached time: 20241126144238 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.124 seconds Real time usage: 0.385 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 272/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6853/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 151/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 10/100 Expensive parser function count: 2/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 9225/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.082/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 877310/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 138.449 1 -total 93.77% 129.828 1 Predefinição:Sem-fontes 78.80% 109.095 1 Predefinição:Ambox 4.20% 5.811 1 Predefinição:Lang-ar 4.05% 5.611 1 Predefinição:Encontre_fontes 3.04% 4.214 1 Predefinição:Se_vazio 2.93% 4.056 1 Predefinição:Língua_com_nome_e_transliteração 2.13% 2.953 4 Predefinição:* 1.62% 2.247 2 Predefinição:Transl 1.60% 2.210 2 Predefinição:Lang --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key ptwiki:pcache:167815:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20241126144238 and revision id 66376571. 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