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.infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct"><caption class="infobox-title">Miura Next</caption><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Function</th><td class="infobox-data">partially <a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Reusable launch system">reusable</a> <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch vehicle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Manufacturer</th><td class="infobox-data brand"><a href="/wiki/PLD_Space" title="PLD Space">PLD Space</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country of origin</th><td class="infobox-data">Spain</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Size</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Height</th><td class="infobox-data">60 m (200 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">3.5 m (11 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Stages</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Capacity <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddf;">Payload to <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">Low Earth orbit</a> (LEO)</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">13,580 kg (29,940 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddf;">Payload to <a href="/wiki/Sun-synchronous_orbit" title="Sun-synchronous orbit">SSO</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">11,275 kg (24,855 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background:#ddf;">Payload to <a href="/wiki/Geostationary_transfer_orbit" title="Geostationary transfer orbit">GTO</a></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Mass</th><td class="infobox-data">4,595 kg (10,130 lb)<sup id="cite_ref-auto1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ccf;">Launch history</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Status</th><td class="infobox-data">Under development</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Launch sites</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Guiana_Space_Centre" title="Guiana Space Centre">Guiana Space Centre</a> (planned)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">First flight</th><td class="infobox-data">Planned for 2030</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">First stage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Diameter</th><td class="infobox-data">3.5 m (11 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Powered by</th><td class="infobox-data">5</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Maximum thrust</th><td class="infobox-data">5,530 kN (1,240,000 lb<sub>f</sub>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">LOX</a> / <a href="/wiki/RP-1" title="RP-1">RP-1</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546" /></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background: #ddf;">Second stage</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Powered by</th><td class="infobox-data">1</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Propellant</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Liquid_oxygen" title="Liquid oxygen">LOX</a> / <a href="/wiki/RP-1" title="RP-1">RP-1</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below"><div class="metadata" style="text-align: right;">[<a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130469535" class="extiw" title="d:Q130469535">edit on Wikidata</a>]</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Miura Next</b> is a future reusable heavy-lift rocket currently in development, part of <a href="/wiki/PLD_Space" title="PLD Space">PLD Space</a>'s program for the next 20 years. Designed to compete in the market of <a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Reusable launch system">reusable launchers</a>, it will allow for the transport of large payloads to <a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">low Earth orbits</a> and beyond. With capabilities for crewed missions and reusable first stages, it aims to position itself as a European alternative to rockets like the <a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a>. It is expected to work alongside the crewed capsule Lince, expanding the capabilities for space exploration and commercial ventures.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miura_Next&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The rocket was introduced by PLD Space in October 2024 as part of their space program for the next two decades. The company, headquartered in <a href="/wiki/Elche" title="Elche">Elche</a>, Spain, revealed their new reusable heavy-lift rocket during an event that showcased their commitment to innovation and competitiveness in the global launch market, targeting the first half of the 2030s for its maiden flight.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n,_Miura_5,_Huelva,_Espa%C3%B1a,_2019_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n%2C_Miura_5%2C_Huelva%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2019_04.jpg/220px-Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n%2C_Miura_5%2C_Huelva%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2019_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n%2C_Miura_5%2C_Huelva%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2019_04.jpg/330px-Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n%2C_Miura_5%2C_Huelva%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2019_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n%2C_Miura_5%2C_Huelva%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2019_04.jpg/440px-Prueba_de_reutilizaci%C3%B3n%2C_Miura_5%2C_Huelva%2C_Espa%C3%B1a%2C_2019_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>Reusability test of PLD Space's Miura 5 rocket.</figcaption></figure> <p>Both the rocket and the crewed capsule Lince were developed in secrecy by the company until their development was made public during an event marking the anniversary of the first launch of <a href="/wiki/Miura_1" title="Miura 1">Miura 1</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which was expected to provide updates on the development of the <a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <b>Miura Next</b> will be a reusable rocket that is part of PLD Space's new family of launchers. Versions currently named <b>Miura Next Heavy</b> and <b>Super Heavy</b> will be able to place up to 53 tons into <a href="/wiki/Geocentric_orbit" title="Geocentric orbit">low Earth orbit</a>. Additionally, they will be capable of carrying between 2.4 and 16 tons to the <a href="/wiki/Moon" title="Moon">Moon</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mars" title="Mars">Mars</a>, depending on their configuration, which may include up to four <a href="/wiki/Rocket_booster" class="mw-redirect" title="Rocket booster">booster</a> engines that will also be reusable.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first flight is expected in 2030, and by 2035, it is projected to be one of the most powerful rockets in the world, with scalable and reusable technology. It will also be the only one of its kind within the European Union, as the company aims to establish independence for the EU in terms of space travel.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Capabilities">Capabilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miura_Next&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Capabilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The following table lists the expected payload capabilities for the various vehicle configurations to different destinations. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="font-size:small; text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2">Destination </th> <th colspan="3">Miura Next </th> <th colspan="2">Miura Next Heavy </th> <th colspan="1">Miura Next Super Heavy </th></tr> <tr> <th>Expendable </th> <th>Reusable (barge) </th> <th>Reusable (return to launch site) </th> <th>Expendable </th> <th>Reusable <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th> <th>Expendable </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Low_Earth_orbit" title="Low Earth orbit">LEO</a> (420 km) </th> <td>13,580 kg </td> <td>10,200 kg </td> <td>6,650 kg </td> <td>36,000 kg </td> <td>19,500 kg </td> <td>53,000 kg </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Sun-synchronous_orbit" title="Sun-synchronous orbit">SSO</a> (500 km) </th> <td>11,275 kg </td> <td>8,300 kg </td> <td>5,130 kg </td> <td>30,580 kg </td> <td>16,250 kg </td> <td>– </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Geostationary_transfer_orbit" title="Geostationary transfer orbit">GTO</a> </th> <td>4,595 kg </td> <td>2,900 kg </td> <td>1,100 kg </td> <td>15,140 kg </td> <td>7,160 kg </td> <td>23,000 kg </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Trans-lunar_injection" title="Trans-lunar injection">Moon</a> </th> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>16,695 kg </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Heliocentric_orbit#Trans-Mars_injection" title="Heliocentric orbit">Mars</a> </th> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>– </td> <td>13,660 kg </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miura_Next&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miura_Next&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Side boosters reused. Core expended.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Miura_Next&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-auto1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-auto1_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/live/CPomX9RjmMA">"Beyond_ by PLD Space - English dubbed version"</a>. <i>Youtube</i>. PLD SPACE<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alicanteplaza&rft.atitle=PLD+Space+exceeds+Miura+5+and+designs+a+space+capsule+to+send+astronauts+to+the+Moon+or+Mars&rft.aulast=S.L&rft.aufirst=EDICIONES+PLAZA&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Falicanteplaza.es%2Fpld-space-capsula-espacial-luna-marte&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiura+Next" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFS.L" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">S.L, EDICIONES PLAZA. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://alicanteplaza.es/pld-space-miura-1-vuelo">"Ilicitana PLD Space makes history: first flight of the 'Miura 1'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Alicanteplaza</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(7 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.xataka.com/espacio/pld-space-no-se-conforma-primer-cohete-espanol-lleva-ano-desarrollando-secreto-nave-espacial">"PLD Space isn't satisfied with the first Spanish rocket: it's been secretly developing a spacecraft for a year"</a>. <i>Xataka</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Xataka&rft.atitle=PLD+Space+isn%27t+satisfied+with+the+first+Spanish+rocket%3A+it%27s+been+secretly+developing+a+spacecraft+for+a+year&rft.date=2024-10-07&rft.aulast=Zavia&rft.aufirst=Mat%C3%ADas+S.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.xataka.com%2Fespacio%2Fpld-space-no-se-conforma-primer-cohete-espanol-lleva-ano-desarrollando-secreto-nave-espacial&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMiura+Next" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFErard2024" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Erard, Gabriel (7 October 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hipertextual.com/2024/10/pld-space-cohete-miura-next-capsula-lince">"Starship beware: Spanish PLD Space announces Miura NEXT, its large reusable rockets for reaching the Moon and Mars"</a>. <i>Hipertextual</i> (in Spanish)<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Template:Reusable launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Template talk:Reusable launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reusable_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reusable launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Reusable_launch_systems_and_spacecraft127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Reusable_launch_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Reusable launch system">Reusable launch systems</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reusable_spacecraft" title="Reusable spacecraft">spacecraft</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Launch_systems127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Launch systems</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_9" title="Falcon 9">Falcon 9</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_Heavy" title="Falcon Heavy">Falcon Heavy</a> (core stages)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Shepard" title="New Shepard">New Shepard</a>* (fully reusable)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle" title="Space Shuttle">Space Shuttle</a> (orbiter and boosters)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petrel_(rocket)" title="Petrel (rocket)">Petrel</a>* (booster)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skua_(rocket)" title="Skua (rocket)">Skua</a>* (booster)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amur_(launch_vehicle)" class="mw-redirect" title="Amur (launch vehicle)">Amur</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_Next" title="Ariane Next">Ariane Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CALLISTO" title="CALLISTO">CALLISTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CORONA_(rocket)" title="CORONA (rocket)">CORONA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Electron" title="Rocket Lab Electron">Electron</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Space_(Chinese_company)#Hyperbola-3" title="I-Space (Chinese company)">Hyperbola-3</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_March_(rocket_family)" title="Long March (rocket family)">Long March</a> <ul><li>6X (first stage)</li> <li>8R (first stage)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Glenn" title="New Glenn">New Glenn</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orbex#Prime" title="Orbex">Orbex Prime</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pallas-1" title="Pallas-1">Pallas-1</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RLV-TD" class="mw-redirect" title="RLV-TD">RLV-TD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rocket_Lab_Neutron" title="Rocket Lab Neutron">Rocket Lab Neutron</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship (SpaceX)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoke_Space_Nova" title="Stoke Space Nova">Stoke Space Nova</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terran_R" title="Terran R">Terran R</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tianlong-3" title="Tianlong-3">Tianlong-3</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Vulcan (rocket)">Vulcan</a> (engines)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kankoh-maru" title="Kankoh-maru">Kankoh-maru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Douglas_SASSTO" title="Douglas SASSTO">SASSTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saturn-Shuttle" title="Saturn-Shuttle">Saturn-Shuttle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Canceled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adeline_(rocket_stage)" title="Adeline (rocket stage)">Adeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angara_(rocket_family)" title="Angara (rocket family)">Angara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares_I" title="Ares I">Ares I</a> (first stage)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ares_V" title="Ares V">Ares V</a> (boosters)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">Chang Cheng-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Energia_(rocket)" title="Energia (rocket)">Energia II (Uragan)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_1e" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 1e">Falcon 1e</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcon_5" class="mw-redirect" title="Falcon 5">Falcon 5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Dynamics_Nexus" title="General Dynamics Nexus">Nexus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Space_(Chinese_company)#Hyperbola-2" title="I-Space (Chinese company)">Hyperbola-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HOPE-X" title="HOPE-X">HOPE-X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopper_(spacecraft)" title="Hopper (spacecraft)">Hopper / <i>Phoenix</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_HOTOL" title="British Aerospace HOTOL">HOTOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K-1_(rocket)" class="mw-redirect" title="K-1 (rocket)">K-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_Fly-back_Booster" class="mw-redirect" title="Liquid Fly-back Booster">Liquid Fly-back Booster</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAKS_(spacecraft)" title="MAKS (spacecraft)">MAKS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reusable_Booster_System" title="Reusable Booster System">Reusable Booster System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotary_Rocket" title="Rotary Rocket">Roton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_Dragon_(rocket)" title="Sea Dragon (rocket)">Sea Dragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylon_(spacecraft)" title="Skylon (spacecraft)">Skylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">Tianjiao-1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikoyan-Gurevich_MiG-105" title="Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-105">Spiral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">V-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VentureStar" title="VentureStar">VentureStar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Spacecraft127" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Spacecraft</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_Starliner" title="Boeing Starliner">Boeing Starliner</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boeing_X-37" title="Boeing X-37">Boeing X-37</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Shepard" title="New Shepard">New Shepard</a>* (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_2" title="SpaceX Dragon 2">Dragon 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenlong_(spacecraft)" title="Shenlong (spacecraft)">Shenlong</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Dragon_1" title="SpaceX Dragon 1">Dragon</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemini_SC-2" title="Gemini SC-2">Gemini SC-2</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceShipOne" title="SpaceShipOne">SpaceShipOne</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceShipTwo" title="SpaceShipTwo">SpaceShipTwo</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Space_Shuttle_orbiter" title="Space Shuttle orbiter">Space Shuttle orbiter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_X-15" title="North American X-15">X-15</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dream_Chaser" title="Dream Chaser">Dream Chaser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mengzhou_(spacecraft)" title="Mengzhou (spacecraft)">Mengzhou</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orel_(spacecraft)" title="Orel (spacecraft)">Orel (spacecraft)</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_(spacecraft)" title="Orion (spacecraft)">Orion</a> (capsule)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceX_Starship" title="SpaceX Starship">Starship</a> upper stage</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Proposals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avatar_(spacecraft)" title="Avatar (spacecraft)">Avatar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodyear_Meteor_Junior" title="Goodyear Meteor Junior">Goodyear Meteor Junior</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-Space_(Chinese_company)" title="I-Space (Chinese company)">Ya Guidao Gainian Feixingqi</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_Upper_Stage_for_Innovative_Exploration" title="Smart Upper Stage for Innovative Exploration">SUSIE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Buran_programme" title="Buran programme">Buran-class orbiter</a> (never actually reused, flew just once)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/China%27s_spaceplane_program#869_Project" title="China's spaceplane program">H-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kliper" title="Kliper">Kliper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/XCOR_Lynx" title="XCOR Lynx">Lynx</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAC_Mustard" title="BAC Mustard">Mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlanetSpace#Silver_Dart" title="PlanetSpace">Silver Dart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAR_(spaceplane)" title="SOAR (spaceplane)">SOAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rockwell_X-30" title="Rockwell X-30">X-30 NASP</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lockheed_Martin_X-33" title="Lockheed Martin X-33">X-33</a>*</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SpaceShipThree" class="mw-redirect" title="SpaceShipThree">SpaceShipThree</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>* indicates <a href="/wiki/Sub-orbital_spaceflight" title="Sub-orbital spaceflight">suborbital</a> vehicles</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="European_orbital_launch_systems90" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:European_launch_systems" title="Template:European launch systems"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:European_launch_systems" title="Template talk:European launch systems"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:European_launch_systems" title="Special:EditPage/Template:European launch systems"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="European_orbital_launch_systems90" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">European <a href="/wiki/Orbit" title="Orbit">orbital</a> <a href="/wiki/Launch_vehicle" title="Launch vehicle">launch systems</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_6" title="Ariane 6">Ariane 6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vega_C" title="Vega C">Vega C</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">In development</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_Next" title="Ariane Next">Ariane Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_2_Infinity#Bloostar" title="Zero 2 Infinity">Bloostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miura Next</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RFA_One" title="RFA One">RFA One</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HyImpulse" title="HyImpulse">SL1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spectrum_(rocket)" title="Spectrum (rocket)">Spectrum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Latitude_(company)" title="Latitude (company)">Zephyr</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retired</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_(rocket_family)" title="Ariane (rocket family)">Ariane</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_1" title="Ariane 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_2" title="Ariane 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_3" title="Ariane 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_4" title="Ariane 4">4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5" title="Ariane 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Arrow" title="Black Arrow">Black Arrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diamant" title="Diamant">Diamant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Europa_(rocket)" title="Europa (rocket)">Europa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cancelled</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aldebaran_(rocket)" title="Aldebaran (rocket)">Aldebaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ariane_5_ME" class="mw-redirect" title="Ariane 5 ME">Ariane 5 ME</a></li> <li>Ariane M</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capricornio_(rocket)" title="Capricornio (rocket)">Capricornio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haas_(rocket)" title="Haas (rocket)">Haas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hopper_(spacecraft)" title="Hopper (spacecraft)">Hopper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Aerospace_HOTOL" title="British Aerospace HOTOL">HOTOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyperion_SSTO" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyperion SSTO">Hyperion SSTO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_(rocket)" title="Liberty (rocket)">Liberty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquid_fly-back_booster#Derivatives" title="Liquid fly-back booster">Liquid fly-back booster derivatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BAC_Mustard" title="BAC Mustard">BAC Mustard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OTRAG_(rocket)" title="OTRAG (rocket)">OTRAG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skylon_(spacecraft)" title="Skylon (spacecraft)">Skylon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SOAR_(spaceplane)" title="SOAR (spaceplane)">SOAR</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Space_program_of_Spain131" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Space_program_of_Spain" title="Template:Space program of Spain"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Space_program_of_Spain" title="Template talk:Space program of Spain"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Space_program_of_Spain" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Space program of Spain"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Space_program_of_Spain131" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Space_program_of_Spain" class="mw-redirect" title="Space program of Spain">Space program of Spain</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Satellites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Communications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spainsat" title="Spainsat">Spainsat</a> / XTAR-LANT</li> <li><a href="/wiki/XTAR-EUR" title="XTAR-EUR">XTAR-EUR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spainsat_NG" title="Spainsat NG">Spainsat NG</a></li> <li>Amazonas <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_1" title="Amazonas 1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazonas 2">2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_3" title="Amazonas 3">3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_4A" title="Amazonas 4A">4A</a></li> <li>4B (cancelled)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazonas_5" title="Amazonas 5">5</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1A" title="Hispasat 1A">1A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1B" title="Hispasat 1B">1B</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1C" title="Hispasat 1C">1C</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_1D" title="Hispasat 1D">1D</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_AG1" title="Hispasat AG1">AG1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat_30W-6" title="Hispasat 30W-6">1F</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lume-1" title="Lume-1">Lume-1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Earth observation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Deimos <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deimos-1" title="Deimos-1">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deimos-2" title="Deimos-2">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paz_(satellite)" title="Paz (satellite)">Paz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ingenio_(satellite)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ingenio (satellite)">Ingenio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Science & technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Intasat" title="Intasat">Intasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minisat_01" title="Minisat 01">Minisat 01</a></li> <li>Nanosat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nanosat_01" title="Nanosat 01">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanosat-1B" title="Nanosat-1B">1B</a></li></ul></li> <li>UPM-Sat <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UPM-Sat" title="UPM-Sat">1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UPM-Sat" title="UPM-Sat">2</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xatcobeo" title="Xatcobeo">Xatcobeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OPTOS" title="OPTOS">OPTOS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rockets</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Suborbital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argo_(sounding_rocket)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argo (sounding rocket) (page does not exist)">Argo</a></li> <li>INTA <ul><li><a href="/wiki/INTA-100" title="INTA-100">100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA-255" title="INTA-255">255</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INTA-300" title="INTA-300">300</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_1" title="Miura 1">Miura 1</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Orbital</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Capricornio_(rocket)" title="Capricornio (rocket)">Capricornio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_2_Infinity#Bloostar" title="Zero 2 Infinity">Bloostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miura_5" title="Miura 5">Miura 5</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Miura Next</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangea_Aerospace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangea Aerospace (page does not exist)">Meso</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tracking and launch sites</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/El_Arenosillo" title="El Arenosillo">El Arenosillo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gando_Air_Base" title="Gando Air Base">Gando Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/El_Hierro_Launch_Centre" title="El Hierro Launch Centre">El Hierro</a> (proposed)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Deep_Space_Communications_Complex" title="Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex">Madrid Deep Space Communications Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maspalomas_Station" title="Maspalomas Station">Maspalomas Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cebreros_Station" title="Cebreros Station">Cebreros Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villafranca_Station" title="Villafranca Station">Villafranca Station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teruel_Airport#PLD_Space_Propulsion_Test_Facilities" title="Teruel Airport">PLD Space Propulsion Test Facilities</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agencia_Espacial_Espa%C3%B1ola" title="Agencia Espacial Española">Agencia Espacial Española</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Instituto_Nacional_de_T%C3%A9cnica_Aeroespacial" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial">Instituto Nacional de Técnica Aeroespacial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Astrobiology_Center" title="Spanish Astrobiology Center">Spanish Astrobiology Center‎</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial space industry</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PLD_Space" title="PLD Space">PLD Space</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pangea_Aerospace&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pangea Aerospace (page does not exist)">Pangea Aerospace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zero_2_Infinity" title="Zero 2 Infinity">Zero 2 Infinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al%C3%A9n_Space" title="Alén Space">Alén Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hispasat" title="Hispasat">Hispasat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hisdesat" title="Hisdesat">Hisdesat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Astronauts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pedro_Duque" title="Pedro Duque">Pedro Duque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pablo_%C3%81lvarez_Fern%C3%A1ndez" title="Pablo Álvarez Fernández">Pablo Álvarez Fernández</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 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