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Army Medical Department (United States) - Wikipedia

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<span>Heraldry</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Heraldry-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Heraldry subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Heraldry-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regimental_insignia_(crest)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regimental_insignia_(crest)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Regimental insignia (crest)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regimental_insignia_(crest)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Branch_(corps)_insignia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branch_(corps)_insignia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Branch (corps) insignia</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branch_(corps)_insignia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_special_branches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_special_branches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Medical special branches</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Medical_special_branches-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Medical special branches subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Medical_special_branches-sublist" 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id="toc-Veterinary_Corps_(VC)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Veterinary_Corps_(VC)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Veterinary Corps (VC)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Veterinary_Corps_(VC)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_Service_Corps_(MS)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_Service_Corps_(MS)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Medical Service Corps (MS)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medical_Service_Corps_(MS)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medical_Specialist_Corps_(SP)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medical_Specialist_Corps_(SP)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>Medical Specialist Corps (SP)</span> </div> </a> <ul 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</ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" 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<div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Appearance"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Appearance</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">move to sidebar</button> 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class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;font-size:110%;">Army Medical Department</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align:center;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;line-height:1.5em;"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png/220px-AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="176" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png/330px-AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png/440px-AMEDD_Regimental_Flag-Revised.png 2x" data-file-width="1831" data-file-height="1468" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">U.S. Army Medical Department Regimental flag</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Active</th><td class="infobox-data">1775 – present day</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%2823px%29.png 2x" data-file-width="69" data-file-height="39" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Branch</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg/43px-Flag_of_the_United_States_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="6336" data-file-height="4992" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em;">Motto(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">"Experientia et Progressus"</td></tr></tbody></table><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Military unit</div> <p>The <b>Army Medical Department</b> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">U.S. Army</a> (<b>AMEDD</b>), formerly known as the <b>Army Medical Service</b> (AMS), encompasses the Army's six medical Special Branches (or "Corps"). It was established as the "Army Hospital" in July 1775 to coordinate the medical care required by the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a>. The AMEDD is led by the <a href="/wiki/Surgeons_General_of_the_United_States_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="Surgeons General of the United States Army">Surgeon General of the U.S. Army</a>, a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant general (United States)">lieutenant general</a>. </p><p>The AMEDD is the U.S. Army's healthcare organization (as opposed to an Army Command), and is present in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">Active Army</a>, the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Reserve">U.S. Army Reserve</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Army_National_Guard" title="Army National Guard">Army National Guard</a> components. It is headquartered at <a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a>, <a href="/wiki/San_Antonio" title="San Antonio">San Antonio</a>, Texas, which hosts the <a href="/wiki/AMEDD_Center_and_School" class="mw-redirect" title="AMEDD Center and School">AMEDD Center and School</a> (AMEDDC&amp;S). Large numbers of AMEDD senior leaders can also be found in the Washington D.C. area, divided between <a href="/wiki/The_Pentagon" title="The Pentagon">the Pentagon</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_National_Military_Medical_Center" title="Walter Reed National Military Medical Center">Walter Reed National Military Medical Center</a> (WRNMMC). </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Health_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Academy of Health Sciences">Academy of Health Sciences</a>, within the AMEDDC&amp;S, provides training to the officers and enlisted service members of the AMEDD. As a result of BRAC 2005, enlisted medical training was transferred to the new <a href="/wiki/Medical_Education_and_Training_Campus" title="Medical Education and Training Campus">Medical Education and Training Campus</a>, consolidating the majority of military-enlisted medical training in Fort Sam Houston.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current Surgeon General of the U.S. Army and commander of the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Medical_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Medical Command">U.S. Army Medical Command</a> (MEDCOM) is <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General (United States)">LTG</a> <a href="/wiki/Mary_Krueger" class="mw-redirect" title="Mary Krueger">Mary Krueger</a> (since 25 January, 2024). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both the AMEDD and the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Corps" title="United States Army Medical Corps">United States Army Medical Corps</a> trace their origins back to July 27, 1775, when the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> established the "Army Hospital", which was at that time overseen by the "Director General and Chief Physician." Congress provided an Army medical organization only in times of war or emergency until 1818, at which point it created a permanent "Medical Department." The Army Nurse Corps originated in 1901, the Dental Corps began in 1911, the Veterinary Corps in 1916, the Medical Service Corps emerged in 1917 (during WW I the <b>Sanitary Corps</b> was created as a temporary organization to relieve U.S. Army physicians from a variety of duties),<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and the Army Medical Specialist Corps came into existence in 1947.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Army Organization Act of 1950 renamed the Medical Department to "Army Medical Service" and on June 4, 1968. The Army Medical Service was renamed the Army Medical Department. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Heraldry">Heraldry</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: Heraldry"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Army_Medical_Department_regimental_coat_of_arms" title="Army Medical Department regimental coat of arms">Army Medical Department regimental coat of arms</a></div> <p>A regimental coat of arms was devised for the Medical Department and was most likely first used in 1818. The twenty white stars on a blue background and the red and white stripes represent the U.S. flag of 1818. The green staff entwined with a green serpent combined two symbols: the rod of Asclepius from classical mythology symbolizing medicine and healing, along with the color green associated with the Medical Corps during the last half of the 19th Century. The colors Argent (silver/white) and Gules (red) are associated with the flag of the United States. The rooster is associated with the ancient Greek and Roman god of healing and medicine, Aesculapius. The ancient Greeks believed that the rooster's crowing at dawn drove away the evil disease-spreading demons from the temples so that it could be a place of healing. The torse (twisted rope) below the rooster shows alternating blue and silver colors which were representative of the Army in 1818. The Latin motto <i>Experientia et Progressus</i> (Experience and Progress) is meant to convey the steady and unfailing progress of the Army Medical Department since 1775. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regimental_insignia_(crest)"><span id="Regimental_insignia_.28crest.29"></span>Regimental insignia (crest)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Regimental insignia (crest)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg/90px-U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg/135px-U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg/180px-U.S._Army_Medical_Department_Regimental_Insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="493" data-file-height="603" /></a><figcaption>The AMEDD Regimental Insignia</figcaption></figure> <p>The design of the AMEDD regimental insignia (crest) is derived from the regimental coat of arms. It is one of the US Army's fourteen regimental corps insignias. The insignias are worn over the right breast pocket on the Army Service Uniform (ASU) and signify a service member's branch of service. The "new" AMEDD insignia was approved on October 27, 2014. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Branch_(corps)_insignia"><span id="Branch_.28corps.29_insignia"></span>Branch (corps) insignia</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: Branch (corps) insignia"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Caduceus_as_a_symbol_of_medicine" title="Caduceus as a symbol of medicine">Caduceus as a symbol of medicine</a></div> <p>In 1851, "a <a href="/wiki/Caduceus_as_a_symbol_of_medicine" title="Caduceus as a symbol of medicine">caduceus</a> embroidered in yellow silk on a half chevron of emerald green silk" was first authorized and worn by hospital stewards of the Medical Department. The caduceus in its present form was approved in 1902. Today, the AMEDD branch corps insignia is a gold color medal caduceus, 1&#160;inch in height. With the exception of the Medical Corps, each Corps is identified by a black enamel letter (or letters) centered on the caduceus indicative of the specific branch. The insignia for Medical Service Corps is silver. </p><p>The caduceus symbolizes the non-combatant role of the AMEDD<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and not medicine per se. It came into popular use for medicine in the United States after the First World War. As medical professionals returned to civilian practice, they brought the caduceus symbol back with them. Over time, Americans began to associate the caduceus with medicine. The <a href="/wiki/Rod_of_Asclepius" title="Rod of Asclepius">Rod of Asclepius</a> is the more <a href="/wiki/Caduceus_as_a_symbol_of_medicine" title="Caduceus as a symbol of medicine">appropriate symbol for medicine in a civilian setting</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Medical_special_branches">Medical special branches</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: Medical special branches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are currently six special officer branches (corps) in the AMEDD. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical_Corps_(MC)"><span id="Medical_Corps_.28MC.29"></span>Medical Corps (MC)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Medical Corps (MC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Medical_Corps_(United_States_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Corps (United States Army)">Medical Corps (United States Army)</a></div><p> The Medical Corps consists of <a href="/wiki/Commissioned_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Commissioned officers">commissioned</a> medical officers who are physicians (<a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Medicine" title="Doctor of Medicine">Doctors of Medicine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Osteopathic_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Osteopathic medicine">Doctors of Osteopathic Medicine</a>) who have completed at least one year of post-graduate training (<a href="/wiki/Internship_(medical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Internship (medical)">internship</a>) or have been promoted from O-1 to O-3 following completion of medical school through USUHS or the HPSP.</p><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png/100px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png/150px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png/200px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Corps.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="177" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><p> The MC traces its origins to 27 July 1775, when the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Congress" title="Continental Congress">Continental Congress</a> created "a Hospital", essentially a Medical Department and corps of physicians, for the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a>. Medical officers in the United States Army were authorized uniforms only in 1816 and were accorded military rank only in 1847. Congress made the designation of "Medical Corps" official in 1908, although the term had long been in use informally among the AMEDD's regular physicians. Today, members of the MC work around the world at all echelons of the Army. The Chief of the MC is a <a href="/wiki/Major_General_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Major General (United States)">major general</a>, whereas the senior Army Medical Department officer is the Surgeon General (a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant general (United States)">lieutenant general</a>). </p><p>Military physicians serve in one of several general career fields. The three main fields are operational field, clinical field, and research field. </p><p><b>Operational Medicine</b> is the field of Army medicine that provides medical support to the soldier and his/her Chain of Command. Many operational physicians serve as <a href="/wiki/Divisions_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Divisions of the United States Army">Division</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brigade#United_States" title="Brigade">Brigade</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battalion#United_States_Marine_Corps" title="Battalion">Battalion</a> level surgeons (the word "surgeon" is used to identify a physician that is assigned to a unit as a primary care provider and not necessarily as a <a href="/wiki/Surgeon" title="Surgeon">General Surgeon</a>). These physicians are either assigned through the "PROFIS" system or through permanent assignment (PCS). Deployments with units to combat theaters are for the duration of a deployment and the jobs are mostly filled by <a href="/wiki/Primary_care_physicians" class="mw-redirect" title="Primary care physicians">primary care physicians</a>. A <a href="/wiki/PROFIS" title="PROFIS">PROFIS</a> provider can expect to be deployed away from their family for a total of 16 months (1 month before deployment, 12 months in theater, and 3 months for "stabilization" after return to the assigned units home station). This means that primary care physicians are deployed for longer periods than most "specialist physicians". A specialist (i.e. <a href="/wiki/General_Surgeon" class="mw-redirect" title="General Surgeon">General Surgeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pulmonologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Pulmonologist">Pulmonologist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cardiologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardiologist">Cardiologist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Trauma_surgeon" class="mw-redirect" title="Trauma surgeon">Trauma Surgeon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rheumatologist" class="mw-redirect" title="Rheumatologist">Rheumatologist</a>) are usually deployed for 6 months. Operational Physicians should expect that more than 60% of their time will be spent in administrative roles and non-patient care. 40% of the operational providers time is spent caring for soldiers or supervising unit <a href="/wiki/Physician_Assistant" class="mw-redirect" title="Physician Assistant">Physician Assistants</a> (PA). With the recent <a href="/wiki/Brigade_Combat_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Brigade Combat Team">Brigade Combat Team</a> (BCT) restructuring, the demand for operational surgeons have increased. It is possible that the low retention rates of <a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)" title="Captain (United States O-3)">Captains</a> and junior <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">Major</a> rank Physicians in the primary care fields are due to the discrepancies in deployment length and deployment frequency between primary care and specialty physicians. </p><p><b>Clinical Medicine</b> is the field of Army medicine in which a physician in uniform performs similar functions to a physician in the civilian arena. These physicians are assigned to a PROFIS unit in one of the various Army <a href="/w/index.php?title=MEDCEN&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="MEDCEN (page does not exist)">MEDCEN</a> (Medical Centers) and <a href="/w/index.php?title=MEDDAC&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="MEDDAC (page does not exist)">MEDDAC</a> (Medical and Dental facilities). Primary care physicians usually deploy to fill battalion level surgeon positions. Medical specialists deploy to support CSH (combat support hospitals) </p><p><b>Research Medicine</b> is filled by a minority of military physicians. Most of these research physicians are based in larger <a href="/wiki/Army_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Army Medical Center">Army Medical Centers</a><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> and the research institutes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Nurse_Corps_(AN)"><span id="Nurse_Corps_.28AN.29"></span>Nurse Corps (AN)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=8" title="Edit section: Nurse Corps (AN)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png/100px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png/150px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png/200px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Nurse.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="177" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Nurse_Corps_(United_States_Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nurse Corps (United States Army)">Nurse Corps (United States Army)</a></div> <p>The Army Nurse Corps became a permanent corps of the Medical Department under the Army Reorganization Act (31 Stat. 753) passed by Congress on 2 February 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Its motto is "EMBRACE THE PAST – ENGAGE THE PRESENT – ENVISION THE FUTURE" and its mission statement declares "All actions and tasks must lead and work toward promoting the wellness of Warriors and their families, supporting the delivery of Warrior and family healthcare, and all those entrusted to our care and ultimately, positioning the Army Nurse Corps as a force multiplier for the future of military medicine." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dental_Corps_(DC)"><span id="Dental_Corps_.28DC.29"></span>Dental Corps (DC)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=9" title="Edit section: Dental Corps (DC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png/100px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png/150px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png/200px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Dental.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="177" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Dental_Command" title="United States Army Dental Command">United States Army Dental Command</a></div> <p>The <b>Dental Corps</b> (DC) consists of commissioned officers holding the <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Dental_Surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Dental Surgery">Doctor of Dental Surgery</a> (DDS) degree or <a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Dental_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctor of Dental Medicine">Doctor of Dental Medicine</a> (DMD) degree. The chief of the Dental Corps is a major general. Enlisted soldiers may be assigned as dental assistants, although their collar insignia lacks the 'D' and is the same as that worn by medics. Army Dental Corps Officers may train further in the following advanced training programs after Dental School: </p> <ul><li>Advanced Education in General Dentistry</li> <li>Comprehensive Dentistry (2-year AEGD)</li> <li>Endodontics</li> <li>Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery</li> <li>Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics</li> <li>Pediatric Dentistry</li> <li>Periodontics</li> <li>Prosthodontics</li> <li>Public Health Dentistry</li> <li>Oral Pathology</li></ul> <p>The US Army currently offers fellowship training in the following areas for Dental Corps Officers (applicants must have already completed a recognized specialty training program): </p> <ul><li>Oral-facial pain</li> <li>Maxillofacial prosthodontics</li> <li>Healthcare Administration</li> <li>Dental informatics</li></ul> <p>The following ADA recognized specialties are not represented in the US Army Dental Corps: </p> <ul><li>Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology</li></ul> <p>The chief of the Army Dental Corps is Major General Thomas R. "Rob" Tempel Jr. His father, Major General Thomas R. Tempel Sr. served as Chief of the Army Dental Corps from 1990 to 1994.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2009</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Veterinary_Corps_(VC)"><span id="Veterinary_Corps_.28VC.29"></span>Veterinary Corps (VC)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=10" title="Edit section: Veterinary Corps (VC)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png/100px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png/150px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png/200px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Veterinary.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="178" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Veterinary_Corps" title="United States Army Veterinary Corps">United States Army Veterinary Corps</a></div> <p>The U.S. Army Veterinary Corps was established by an Act of Congress on 3 June 1916. Recognition of the need for veterinary expertise had been evolving since 1776 when General Washington directed that a "regiment of horse with a farrier" be raised.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The US Army Veterinary Corps plays a significant role in current operations. Veterinary units are critical in ensuring remarkably low food borne illness rates. This is in great measure a result of veterinary inspection of subsistence in the United States as well as the approval of safe food sources around the world. Army veterinarians ensure the health of military working dogs and assist with host-nation related animal emergencies. Veterinary staff advisors also play key roles regarding issues involving chemical and biological defense.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the United States, military veterinary supervision of operational ration assembly plants, supply and distribution points, ports of debarkation, and other types of subsistence operations are critical to ensuring safe, wholesome food for our Soldiers, Sailors, Airmen, Marines, and their family members. The large segment of the Veterinary Corps involved in Medical Research and Development missions contribute immeasurably to the overall military effort. Vaccine, antitoxin, and antidote development, directed toward the protection of military personnel, has been and will continue to be, heavily reliant on military veterinary expertise.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>Today, the Army Veterinary Corps, composed of approximately 800 veterinarians and warrant officers in both active and the Army Reserves, has an over 100 years of historic achievements about which it can be tremendously proud. Accomplishing its broad functions of food safety and security, animal health care, veterinary public health, and research and development, will continue to be essential as long as the need for military forces remain.<sup id="cite_ref-Army_9-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Army-9"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Chief of the Veterinary Corps is Colonel Deborah Whitmer. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical_Service_Corps_(MS)"><span id="Medical_Service_Corps_.28MS.29"></span>Medical Service Corps (MS)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=11" title="Edit section: Medical Service Corps (MS)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png/100px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png/150px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png/200px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist_Corps.png 2x" data-file-width="822" data-file-height="674" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The Medical Service Corps consists of commissioned and <a href="/wiki/Warrant_officers" class="mw-redirect" title="Warrant officers">warrant officers</a>. Members are required to hold at least a bachelor's degree before receiving a commission. The MSC has the greatest range of duties performed by personnel. These may include administrative and support duties, such as healthcare administrators, health services officers in operational units, healthcare comptrollers, <a href="/wiki/Healthcare_informatics" class="mw-redirect" title="Healthcare informatics">healthcare informatics officers</a>, patient administrators, <a href="/wiki/Human_resources" title="Human resources">health service human resource managers</a>, laboratory scientists (biochemists and microbiologists; who developed the Army Biological Defense Strategy based on COVID-19), health physicists, toxicologists, sanitary engineers, medical operations and plans officers, <a href="/wiki/Medical_logistics" title="Medical logistics">medical logisticians</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Health_services_maintenance_technician&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Health services maintenance technician (page does not exist)">health services maintenance technicians</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medevac" class="mw-redirect" title="Medevac">medical evacuation pilots</a>. MSC officers serve in clinical support roles as <a href="/wiki/Medical_laboratory" title="Medical laboratory">clinical laboratory science officers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_science" title="Environmental science">environmental science officers</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pharmacist" title="Pharmacist">pharmacists</a> and <a href="/wiki/Preventive_medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Preventive medicine">preventive medicine officers</a>. Medical Service Corps officers serve as commanders of field medical units in garrison and combat environments, and provide healthcare to patients as <a href="/wiki/Psychologist" title="Psychologist">psychologists</a> (PhD, PsyD), <a href="/wiki/Social_worker" class="mw-redirect" title="Social worker">social workers</a> (MSW with state license), <a href="/wiki/Optometry" title="Optometry">optometrists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pharmacist" title="Pharmacist">pharmacist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Podiatrist" title="Podiatrist">podiatrists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Audiology" title="Audiology">audiologists</a>. The Medical Service Corps also functions as a transitional branch, encompassing commissioned medical, dental, and veterinary students who have not completed their training through the <a href="/wiki/Uniformed_Services_University_of_the_Health_Sciences" title="Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences">Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences</a> (USUHS) or the <a href="/wiki/Health_Professions_Scholarship_Program" title="Health Professions Scholarship Program">Health Professions Scholarship Program</a> (HPSP). </p><p>Medical Service Corps officers are drawn from the various Army commissioning sources (<a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">USMA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Reserve_Officers%27_Training_Corps" title="Reserve Officers&#39; Training Corps">ROTC</a>, and the federal and state <a href="/wiki/Officer_Candidate_School_(U.S._Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Officer Candidate School (U.S. Army)">Officer Candidate Schools</a>) following a branch-immaterial curriculum. Since a primary function of the Medical Service Corps is to manage combat health support activities,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> its officers hold general command authority and can compete for company and field grade command of medical support formations and detachments, as well as logistics and aviation commands along with officers of the "Army competitive category" branches, such as infantry, ordnance, quartermaster. In contrast, Medical Corps, Veterinary Corps and Dental Corps officers are limited to command billets specific to their respective corps (e.g. AMEDD Immaterial commands for Medical, Nurse, and Medical Specialist Corps officers; branch specific commands for Medical, Dental, and Veterinary Corps officers).<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The 20th Chief of the Medical Service Corps is Major General Michael J. Talley effective November 2022. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Medical_Specialist_Corps_(SP)"><span id="Medical_Specialist_Corps_.28SP.29"></span>Medical Specialist Corps (SP)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=12" title="Edit section: Medical Specialist Corps (SP)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png/100px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="82" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png/150px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png/200px-USA_-_Army_Medical_Specialist.png 2x" data-file-width="216" data-file-height="177" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>The Army Medical Specialist Corps consists of commissioned officers. Members hold professional degrees and serve as <a href="/wiki/Dietitian" title="Dietitian">clinical dietitians</a>, <a href="/wiki/Physical_therapy" title="Physical therapy">physical therapists</a>, <a href="/wiki/Occupational_therapist" title="Occupational therapist">occupational therapists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Physician_assistant" title="Physician assistant">physician assistants</a>. Members of the SP serve all around the world and at all echelons of the Army. The Chief of the SP Corps is BG <a href="/wiki/Deydre_Teyhen" title="Deydre Teyhen">Deydre S. Teyhen</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aviation_Section">Aviation Section</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=13" title="Edit section: Aviation Section"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 20 December 1971 the Aviation Branch became part of the Force Structure Branch, Force Development Division.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-GO46-_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46--14"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p><p>The section controlled a number of units including: </p> <ul><li>45th Medical Company (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988140_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988140-15"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>92nd Medical Helicopter Company</li> <li>171st Air Ambulance Company</li> <li>498th Medical Company (Air Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>8th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-3_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>25th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-3_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>41st Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-3_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-3-17"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>50th Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>54th Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/57th_Medical_Detachment" title="57th Medical Detachment">57th Medical Detachment</a> (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988132_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988132-19"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>82nd Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137-16"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>83rd Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>94th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>129th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>130th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>154th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>159th Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>163rd Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>236th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-4_20-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>237th Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988147_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988147-21"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>254th Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>283rd Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988136_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988136-22"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>286th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-5_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-5-23"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>430th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>431st Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>432nd Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>433rd Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>534th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>546th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>571st Medical Detachment (Helicopter Ambulance)<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139-18"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>755th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>756th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>758th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>759th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>772nd Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li> <li>774th Medical Detachment<sup id="cite_ref-GO46-6_24-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enlisted_Medical_Career_Management_Fields_(CMFs)"><span id="Enlisted_Medical_Career_Management_Fields_.28CMFs.29"></span>Enlisted Medical Career Management Fields (CMFs)</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=14" title="Edit section: Enlisted Medical Career Management Fields (CMFs)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Hospital_Corps" title="United States Army Hospital Corps">United States Army Hospital Corps</a></div> <p>There are currently 22 <a href="/wiki/Military_Occupational_Specialties" class="mw-redirect" title="Military Occupational Specialties">Military Occupational Specialties</a> (MOSs) for enlisted medical Soldiers: </p> <ul><li>68A Biomedical Equipment Specialist</li> <li>68B Orthopedic Specialist</li> <li>68C Practical Nursing Specialist</li> <li>68D Operating Room Specialist</li> <li>68E Dental Specialist</li> <li>68F Physical Therapy Specialist</li> <li>68G Patient Administration Specialist</li> <li>68H Optical Laboratory Specialist</li> <li>68J Medical Logistics Specialist</li> <li>68K Medical Laboratory Specialist</li> <li>68L Occupational Therapy Specialist</li> <li>68M Nutrition Care Specialist</li> <li>68N Cardiovascular Specialist (Deleted 1 Oct 2021)</li> <li>68P Radiology Specialist</li> <li>68Q Pharmacy Specialist</li> <li>68R Veterinary Food Inspection Specialist</li> <li>68S Preventive Medicine Specialist</li> <li>68T Animal Care Specialist</li> <li>68U Ear, Nose, and Throat (ENT) Specialist (Deleted 1 Oct 2021)</li> <li>68V Respiratory Specialist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/68W" title="68W">68W</a> <a href="/wiki/Combat_Medic" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Medic">Combat Medic</a> Specialist</li> <li>68X Behavioral Health Specialist</li> <li>68Y Eye Specialist</li> <li>68Z Chief Medical NCO</li></ul> <p>In addition, outside the <a href="/wiki/AMEDD" class="mw-redirect" title="AMEDD">AMEDD</a>, is the Special Forces Medical Sergeant (18D). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Museum">Museum</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=15" title="Edit section: Museum"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Department_Museum" title="United States Army Medical Department Museum">United States Army Medical Department Museum</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Badges">Badges</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=16" title="Edit section: Badges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Combat_Medical_Badge,_1st_award.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Combat Medical Badges"><img alt="Combat Medical Badges" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Combat_Medical_Badge%2C_1st_award.svg/120px-Combat_Medical_Badge%2C_1st_award.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Combat_Medical_Badge%2C_1st_award.svg/180px-Combat_Medical_Badge%2C_1st_award.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Combat_Medical_Badge%2C_1st_award.svg/240px-Combat_Medical_Badge%2C_1st_award.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Combat_Medical_Badge" title="Combat Medical Badge">Combat Medical Badges</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ExpertMedBadge.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Expert Field Medical Badge"><img alt="Expert Field Medical Badge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/ExpertMedBadge.gif/120px-ExpertMedBadge.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/ExpertMedBadge.gif/180px-ExpertMedBadge.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/ExpertMedBadge.gif 2x" data-file-width="208" data-file-height="135" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Expert_Field_Medical_Badge" title="Expert Field Medical Badge">Expert Field Medical Badge</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ArmyFltSurg.gif" class="mw-file-description" title="Flight Surgeon Badges"><img alt="Flight Surgeon Badges" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/ArmyFltSurg.gif/120px-ArmyFltSurg.gif" decoding="async" width="120" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/ArmyFltSurg.gif/180px-ArmyFltSurg.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/ArmyFltSurg.gif/240px-ArmyFltSurg.gif 2x" data-file-width="1308" data-file-height="388" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Flight_Surgeon_Badge_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flight Surgeon Badge (US)">Flight Surgeon Badges</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Department_Museum" title="United States Army Medical Department Museum">United States Army Medical Department Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Command" title="United States Army Medical Command">United States Army Medical Command</a> (MEDCOM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Order_of_Military_Medical_Merit" title="Order of Military Medical Merit">Order of Military Medical Merit</a> (O2M3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Surgeon General of the United States Army">Surgeon General of the United States Army</a> (TSG)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/68W" title="68W">68W (91W)</a> (medic; U.S. Army)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_General_Officers_of_the_United_States_Army_Medical_Department_in_World_War_II" class="mw-redirect" title="List of General Officers of the United States Army Medical Department in World War II">List of General Officers of the United States Army Medical Department in World War II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ships_of_the_United_States_Army#Hospital_ships" title="List of ships of the United States Army">List of ships of the United States Army#Hospital ships</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Ambulance_Service" title="United States Army Ambulance Service">United States Army Ambulance Service</a> (World War I)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battlefield_medicine" title="Battlefield medicine">Battlefield medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Combat_Support_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Support Hospital">Combat Support Hospital</a> (CSH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">Field hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobile_Army_Surgical_Hospital" title="Mobile Army Surgical Hospital">Mobile Army Surgical Hospital</a> (MASH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_medicine#Military_medicine_by_country" title="Military medicine">Military medicine</a></li> <li>U.S. <a href="/wiki/Navy_Dental_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Navy Dental Corps">Navy Dental Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service#Dental_Corps" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">U.S. Air Force Dental Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Corps_(United_States_Navy)" title="Medical Corps (United States Navy)">U.S. Navy Medical Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service#Medical_Corps" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">U.S. Air Force Medical Corps</a></li> <li>U.S. <a href="/wiki/Navy_Medical_Service_Corps" title="Navy Medical Service Corps">Navy Medical Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service#Biomedical_Sciences_Corps" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">U.S. Air Force Biomedical Sciences Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service#Medical_Service_Corps" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">U.S. Air Force Medical Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Nurse_Corps" title="United States Navy Nurse Corps">U.S. Navy Nurse Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force_Medical_Service#Nurse_Corps" title="United States Air Force Medical Service">U.S. Air Force Nurse Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Hospital_Corps" title="United States Army Hospital Corps">United States Army Hospital Corps</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=19" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140123105822/http://www.aetc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-071026-035.pdf">"Fort Sam Houston"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aetc.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-071026-035.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 23 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fort+Sam+Houston&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Air+Force&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aetc.af.mil%2Fshared%2Fmedia%2Fdocument%2FAFD-071026-035.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/fort-sam-houston.htm">"Fort Sam Houston"</a>. GlobalSecurity.org. 21 August 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110313095718/http://www.globalsecurity.org/military/facility/fort-sam-houston.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 March 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 February</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Fort+Sam+Houston&amp;rft.pub=GlobalSecurity.org&amp;rft.date=2005-08-21&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.globalsecurity.org%2Fmilitary%2Ffacility%2Ffort-sam-houston.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thedaysforward.com/medical-service-corps/#:~:text=History%20of%20the%20Medical%20Service%20Corps%20Established%20in,as%20a%20temporary%20part%20of%20the%20Medical%20Department.">"Medical Service Corps"</a>. <i>The Days Forward (thedayrsforward.com)</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Days+Forward+%28thedayrsforward.com%29&amp;rft.atitle=Medical+Service+Corps&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthedaysforward.com%2Fmedical-service-corps%2F%23%3A~%3Atext%3DHistory%2520of%2520the%2520Medical%2520Service%2520Corps%2520Established%2520in%2Cas%2520a%2520temporary%2520part%2520of%2520the%2520Medical%2520Department.&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.amedd.army.mil/ameddcorps.html">AMEDD Corps History</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110902061520/http://history.amedd.army.mil/ameddcorps.html">Archived</a> 2 September 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. Office of Medical History. U.S. Army Medical Department (AMEDD). Retrieved 2011-08-26.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://history.amedd.army.mil/tools/faq.html#eight">"Frequently Asked Questions"</a>. <i>U.S. Army Medical Department Office of Medical History</i>. U.S. Army<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Washington, DC: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>. p.&#160;103.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Highlights+in+the+history+of+the+Army+nurse+corps&amp;rft.place=Washington%2C+DC&amp;rft.series=CMH+Pub+85-1&amp;rft.pages=103&amp;rft.edition=Revised+and+Expanded&amp;rft.pub=United+States+Army+Center+of+Military+History&amp;rft.date=2000&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFValencia_L._Dunbar2014" class="citation web cs1">Valencia L. Dunbar (5 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.army.mil/article/127408/The_Tempel_Legacy__Approaching_a_Century_of_Service_to_Army_Medicine/">"The Tempel Legacy: Approaching a Century of Service to Army Medicine"</a>. <i>The Official Homepage of the United States Army</i>. United States Army. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160421130226/http://www.army.mil/article/127408/The_Tempel_Legacy__Approaching_a_Century_of_Service_to_Army_Medicine">Archived</a> from the original on 21 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=The+Official+Homepage+of+the+United+States+Army&amp;rft.atitle=The+Tempel+Legacy%3A+Approaching+a+Century+of+Service+to+Army+Medicine&amp;rft.date=2014-06-05&amp;rft.au=Valencia+L.+Dunbar&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.army.mil%2Farticle%2F127408%2FThe_Tempel_Legacy&#95;_Approaching_a_Century_of_Service_to_Army_Medicine%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Army-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Army_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Army_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Army_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Army_9-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170425222918/https://veterinarycorps.amedd.army.mil/history.htm">"U.S. Army Veterinary Corps History"</a>. US Army Medical Department. 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://veterinarycorps.amedd.army.mil/history.htm">the original</a> on 25 April 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=U.S.+Army+Veterinary+Corps+History&amp;rft.pub=US+Army+Medical+Department&amp;rft.date=2014&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fveterinarycorps.amedd.army.mil%2Fhistory.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Public Domain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/12px-PD-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/18px-PD-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/6/62/PD-icon.svg/24px-PD-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="196" data-file-height="196" /></span></span> This article incorporates text from this source, which is in the <a href="/wiki/Public_domain" title="Public domain">public domain</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://medicalservicecorps.amedd.army.mil/careers.html">"Medical Service Corps"</a>. <i>medicalservicecorps.amedd.army.mil</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170822170147/http://medicalservicecorps.amedd.army.mil/careers.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 May</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=medicalservicecorps.amedd.army.mil&amp;rft.atitle=Medical+Service+Corps&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedicalservicecorps.amedd.army.mil%2Fcareers.html&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">AR 600-20, Army Command Policy</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amsc.amedd.army.mil/">"AMSC"</a>. <i>amsc.amedd.army.mil</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=amsc.amedd.army.mil&amp;rft.atitle=AMSC&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Famsc.amedd.army.mil%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5tkbDL4WLSAC&amp;q=surgeon+general+office+aviation+section&amp;pg=PA124">"Annual Report 1972"</a>. The Surgeon General United States Army. 20 February 2020. p.&#160;124.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=Annual+Report+1972&amp;rft.pages=124&amp;rft.pub=The+Surgeon+General+United+States+Army&amp;rft.date=2020-02-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5tkbDL4WLSAC%26q%3Dsurgeon%2Bgeneral%2Boffice%2Baviation%2Bsection%26pg%3DPA124&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GO46--14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GO46-_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go6946.pdf">"General Orders 1969 - No. 46"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Army. 20 November 2019. p.&#160;3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+Orders+1969+-+No.+46&amp;rft.pages=3&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Army&amp;rft.date=2019-11-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmypubs.army.mil%2Fepubs%2FDR_pubs%2FDR_a%2Fpdf%2Fweb%2Fgo6946.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988140-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988140_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunstan1988">Dunstan 1988</a>, p.&#160;140.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988137_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunstan1988">Dunstan 1988</a>, p.&#160;137.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GO46-3-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-3_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-3_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-3_17-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go6946.pdf">"General Orders 1969 - No. 46"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Army. 20 November 2019. p.&#160;3.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+Orders+1969+-+No.+46&amp;rft.pages=3&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Army&amp;rft.date=2019-11-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmypubs.army.mil%2Fepubs%2FDR_pubs%2FDR_a%2Fpdf%2Fweb%2Fgo6946.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988139_18-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunstan1988">Dunstan 1988</a>, p.&#160;139.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988132-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988132_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunstan1988">Dunstan 1988</a>, p.&#160;132.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GO46-4-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-4_20-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go6946.pdf">"General Orders 1969 - No. 46"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Army. 20 November 2019. p.&#160;4.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+Orders+1969+-+No.+46&amp;rft.pages=4&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Army&amp;rft.date=2019-11-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmypubs.army.mil%2Fepubs%2FDR_pubs%2FDR_a%2Fpdf%2Fweb%2Fgo6946.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988147-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988147_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunstan1988">Dunstan 1988</a>, p.&#160;147.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988136-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEDunstan1988136_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFDunstan1988">Dunstan 1988</a>, p.&#160;136.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GO46-5-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-GO46-5_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go6946.pdf">"General Orders 1969 - No. 46"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Army. 20 November 2019. p.&#160;5.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+Orders+1969+-+No.+46&amp;rft.pages=5&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Army&amp;rft.date=2019-11-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmypubs.army.mil%2Fepubs%2FDR_pubs%2FDR_a%2Fpdf%2Fweb%2Fgo6946.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GO46-6-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-GO46-6_24-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://armypubs.army.mil/epubs/DR_pubs/DR_a/pdf/web/go6946.pdf">"General Orders 1969 - No. 46"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. U.S. Army. 20 November 2019. p.&#160;6.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.btitle=General+Orders+1969+-+No.+46&amp;rft.pages=6&amp;rft.pub=U.S.+Army&amp;rft.date=2019-11-20&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farmypubs.army.mil%2Fepubs%2FDR_pubs%2FDR_a%2Fpdf%2Fweb%2Fgo6946.pdf&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=20" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Ashburn, Percy M. (1929), <i>A History of the Medical Department of the United States Army</i>, <a href="/wiki/Boston" title="Boston">Boston</a>: <a href="/wiki/Houghton_Mifflin" class="mw-redirect" title="Houghton Mifflin">Houghton Mifflin</a>.</li> <li>Bayne-Jones, Stanhope (1968), <i>The Evolution of Preventive Medicine in the United States Army, 1607–1939</i>, Washington, D.C.: <a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Surgeon General of the United States Army">Office of the Surgeon General</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDunstan1988" class="citation book cs1">Dunstan, S (1988). <i>Vietnam Choppers</i>. UK: Osprey Publishing Ltd. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85045-572-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-85045-572-3"><bdi>0-85045-572-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Vietnam+Choppers&amp;rft.place=UK&amp;rft.pub=Osprey+Publishing+Ltd&amp;rft.date=1988&amp;rft.isbn=0-85045-572-3&amp;rft.aulast=Dunstan&amp;rft.aufirst=S&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Gillett, Mary C. (1981), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/rev/gillett1/"><i>The Army Medical Department, 1775–1818</i></a>, Washington, DC: <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_of_Military_History" title="United States Army Center of Military History">United States Army Center of Military History</a>, United States Army. (Series: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Historical_Series&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Army Historical Series (page does not exist)">Army Historical Series</a>)</li> <li>Gillett, Mary C. (1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/civil/gillett2/"><i>The Army Medical Department, 1818–1865</i></a>, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. (Series: Army Historical Series)</li> <li>Gillett, Mary C. (1995), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.amedd.army.mil/booksdocs/spanam/gillet3/default.html"><i>The Army Medical Department, 1865–1917</i></a>, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. (Series: Army Historical Series)</li> <li>Gillett, Mary C. (2009), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=dYdsD02ItTsC&amp;q=The+Army+Medical+Department+1917-1941"><i>The Army Medical Department, 1917–1941</i></a>, Washington, DC: Center of Military History, United States Army. (Series: Army Historical Series)</li> <li>Hume, Edgar Erskine (1943), <i>Victories of Army Medicine: Scientific Accomplishments of the Medical Department of the United States Army</i>, <a href="/wiki/Philadelphia" title="Philadelphia">Philadelphia</a>: <a href="/wiki/Lippincott_Williams_%26_Wilkins" title="Lippincott Williams &amp; Wilkins">Lippincott</a>.</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcPherson" class="citation book cs1">McPherson, Darrell G. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101224181554/http://www.history.army.mil/books/contingency/domrep/index.htm"><i>The Role of the Army Medical Service in the Dominican Republic</i></a>. Washington D.C.: Office of the Surgeon General, Department of the Army. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.army.mil/books/contingency/domrep/index.htm">the original</a> on 24 December 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=The+Role+of+the+Army+Medical+Service+in+the+Dominican+Republic&amp;rft.place=Washington+D.C.&amp;rft.pub=Office+of+the+Surgeon+General%2C+Department+of+the+Army&amp;rft.aulast=McPherson&amp;rft.aufirst=Darrell+G.&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.army.mil%2Fbooks%2Fcontingency%2Fdomrep%2Findex.htm&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AArmy+Medical+Department+%28United+States%29" class="Z3988"></span> – full text</li> <li>Tobey, James A. (1927), <i>The Medical Department of the Army: Its History, Activities and Organization</i>, <a href="/wiki/Baltimore" title="Baltimore">Baltimore</a>: <a href="/wiki/Johns_Hopkins_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="Johns Hopkins Press">Johns Hopkins Press</a>; Reprint: New York: <a href="/wiki/AMS_Press" class="mw-redirect" title="AMS Press">AMS Press</a>, 1974.</li> <li>Vuic, Kara Dixon. <i>Officer, Nurse, Woman: The Army Nurse Corps in the Vietnam War</i> (Johns Hopkins University Press; 2010) 320 pages; Draws on more than 100 interviews</li> <li>Wintermute, Bobby A. <i>Public Health and the U.S. Military: A History of the Army Medical Department, 1818–1917</i> (Routledge, 2011) 283 pp. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-88170-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-88170-8">978-0-415-88170-8</a></li></ul> <dl><dd><i>This article also contains information that originally came from US Government publications and websites and is in the public domain.</i></dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Army_Medical_Department_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;section=21" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://history.amedd.army.mil/">Office of Medical History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070405055440/http://www.armymedicine.army.mil/">U.S. Army Medical Department official webpage</a> (on U.S. Army official website). Retrieved 2009-12-05.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080404003522/http://www.cs.amedd.army.mil/medicalcorps/">U.S. Army Medical Corps official webpage</a> (on U.S. Army official website). Retrieved 2009-12-05.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091219103532/http://armynursecorps.amedd.army.mil/index.cfm">U.S. Army Nurse Corps official webpage</a> (on U.S. Army official website). Retrieved 2009-12-05.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070212090937/http://history.amedd.army.mil/ANCWebsite/anchhome.html">Army Nurse Corps History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.blitzkriegbaby.de/">Army Nurse Corps history and WWII women's uniforms in color</a> (WAC, WAVES, ANC, NNC, USMCWR, PHS, SPARS, ARC and WASP)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070629192141/http://www.veterinaryservice.army.mil/history.html">U.S. Army Veterinary Corps History</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.med-dept.com/">WW2 U.S. Medical Research Centre</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medprosarmy.com/">U.S. Medical Protection System</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.carlisle.army.mil/ahec/index.cfm">US Army Nurse Corps Collection</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cdm15290.contentdm.oclc.org/index.php">Digital Military Medicine Collections of the U.S. Army Academy of Health Sciences, Stimson Library</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110722181351/https://blog.amedd.army.mil/tsg/">LTG Schoomaker's blog</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lonesentry.com/gi_stories_booklets/medical/index.html">That Men Might Live!: The Story of the Medical Service in WWII</a></i></li> <li>The short film <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/gov.archives.arc.2569580"><i>Big Picture: The Army Medical Service Corps</i></a> is available for free viewing and download at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_Army_Medical_Command" style=";wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3" style="background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div id="United_States_Army_Medical_Command" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Command" title="United States Army Medical Command">United States Army Medical Command</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:United_States_Army" title="Category:United States Army">Category:United States Army</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Leadership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Surgeon_General_of_the_United_States_Army" title="Surgeon General of the United States Army">Surgeon General of the United States Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_Defense_for_Health_Affairs" title="Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs">Assistant Secretary of Defense for Health Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="11" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/MEDCOM.png/80px-MEDCOM.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/MEDCOM.png/120px-MEDCOM.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/MEDCOM.png/160px-MEDCOM.png 2x" data-file-width="351" data-file-height="462" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Army Medical Department</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Officers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Corps" title="United States Army Medical Corps">Medical Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Nurse_Corps" title="United States Army Nurse Corps">Nurse Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Dental_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Dental Corps">Dental Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Veterinary_Corps" title="United States Army Veterinary Corps">Veterinary Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Service_Corps_(U.S._Army)" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Service Corps (U.S. Army)">Medical Service Corps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Specialist_Corps" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Specialist Corps">Medical Specialist Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Enlisted</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Army_careers#Medical_CMF" title="List of United States Army careers">Enlisted medical soldiers</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Major Subordinate Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Regional<br />commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=North_Atlantic_Regional_Medical_Command&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="North Atlantic Regional Medical Command (page does not exist)">North Atlantic RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Southeast_Regional_Medical_Command&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Southeast Regional Medical Command (page does not exist)">Southeast RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Great_Plains_Regional_Medical_Command&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Great Plains Regional Medical Command (page does not exist)">Great Plains RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Western_Regional_Medical_Command&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Western Regional Medical Command (page does not exist)">Western RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Europe_Regional_Medical_Command&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Europe Regional Medical Command (page does not exist)">Europe RMC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacific_Regional_Medical_Command&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacific Regional Medical Command (page does not exist)">Pacific RMC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Department_Center_and_School" title="United States Army Medical Department Center and School">AMEDD Center &amp; School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Dental_Command" title="United States Army Dental Command">U.S. Army Dental Cmd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Research_and_Materiel_Command" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Medical Research and Materiel Command">U.S. Army Medical Research &amp; Materiel Cmd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Center_for_Health_Promotion_and_Preventive_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Army Center for Health Promotion and Preventive Medicine">U.S. Army Public Health Cmd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Army_Wounded_Warrior_Program" title="Army Wounded Warrior Program">U.S. Army Warrior Transition Cmd</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Installations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Sam_Houston" title="Fort Sam Houston">Fort Sam Houston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Detrick" title="Fort Detrick">Fort Detrick</a> (with <a href="/wiki/Forest_Glen_Annex" title="Forest Glen Annex">Forest Glen Annex</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Medical Centers<br />(MEDCENs)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Stateside</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alexander_T._Augusta_Military_Medical_Center" title="Alexander T. Augusta Military Medical Center">Augusta MMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooke_Army_Medical_Center" title="Brooke Army Medical Center">Brooke AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tripler_Army_Medical_Center" title="Tripler Army Medical Center">Tripler AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenhower_Army_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Eisenhower Army Medical Center">Eisenhower AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madigan_Army_Medical_Center" title="Madigan Army Medical Center">Madigan AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Womack_Army_Medical_Center" title="Womack Army Medical Center">Womack AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaumont_Army_Medical_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaumont Army Medical Center">Beaumont AMC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_R._Darnall_Army_Medical_Center" title="Carl R. Darnall Army Medical Center">Darnall AMC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Landstuhl_Regional_Medical_Center" title="Landstuhl Regional Medical Center">Landstuhl AMC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Medical Department Activities<br /> (MEDDACs)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Military_hospital" title="Military hospital">Hospitals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bassett_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bassett Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Bassett ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bayne_Jones_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bayne Jones Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Jones ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Blanchfield_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Blanchfield Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)"> Blanchfield ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongsan_Garrison#Brian_Allgood_Army_Community_Hospital" title="Yongsan Garrison">Allgood ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Evans_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Evans Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Evans ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=General_Leonard_Wood_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="General Leonard Wood Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Wood ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ireland_Army_Community_Hospital" title="Ireland Army Community Hospital">Ireland ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irwin_Army_Community_Hospital" title="Irwin Army Community Hospital">Irwin ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Keller_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Keller Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Keller ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Martin_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Martin Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)"> Martin ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/McDonald_Army_Community_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="McDonald Army Community Hospital">McDonald ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Moncrief_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Moncrief Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Moncrief ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Reynolds_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Reynolds Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Reynolds ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Weed_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Weed Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Weed ACH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Winn_Army_Community_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Winn Army Community Hospital (page does not exist)">Winn ACH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Clinics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bliss_Army_Health_Center&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bliss Army Health Center (page does not exist)">Bliss AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barquist_Army_Health_Clinic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Barquist Army Health Clinic (page does not exist)">Barquist AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bavaria_Medical_Department_Activity&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bavaria Medical Department Activity (page does not exist)">Bavaria MEDDAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Belvoir_Community_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Belvoir Community Hospital">DiLorenzo TRICARE HC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dunham_Army_Health_Clinic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dunham Army Health Clinic (page does not exist)">Dunham AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Belvoir_Community_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Belvoir Community Hospital">Fairfax FHC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fox_Army_Health_Center&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fox Army Health Center (page does not exist)">Fox AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guthrie_Medical_Department_Activity" class="mw-redirect" title="Guthrie Medical Department Activity">Guthrie MEDDAC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Heidelberg_Medical_Department_Activity&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Heidelberg Medical Department Activity (page does not exist)">Heidelberg MEDDAC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kimbrough_Ambulatory_Care_Center&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kimbrough Ambulatory Care Center (page does not exist)">Kimbrough ACC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenner_Army_Health_Clinic" title="Kenner Army Health Clinic">Kenner AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kirk_Army_Health_Clinic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Kirk Army Health Clinic (page does not exist)">Kirk AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lyster_Army_Health_Clinic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lyster Army Health Clinic (page does not exist)">Lyster AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munson_Army_Health_Center" class="mw-redirect" title="Munson Army Health Center">Munson AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rader_Army_Health_Clinic&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Rader Army Health Clinic (page does not exist)">Rader AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Belvoir_Community_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort Belvoir Community Hospital">Woodbridge AHC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camp_Zama" title="Camp Zama">Camp Zama</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Field_hospital" title="Field hospital">Field medical units</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Medical Commands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Army_Reserve_Medical_Command" title="Army Reserve Medical Command">AR-MEDCOM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/807th_Medical_Command_(Deployment_Support)" title="807th Medical Command (Deployment Support)">807th MCDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3rd_Medical_Command_(Deployment_Support)" title="3rd Medical Command (Deployment Support)">3rd MCDS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Medical Groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/55th_Medical_Group_(United_States)" title="55th Medical Group (United States)">55th Med Gp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/67th_Medical_Group_(United_States)" title="67th Medical Group (United States)">67th Med Gp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Medical_Brigades" class="mw-redirect" title="Medical Brigades">Medical Brigades</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1st_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" title="1st Medical Brigade (United States)">1st Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2nd_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="2nd Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">2nd Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=5th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="5th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">5th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=8th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="8th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">8th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/30th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" title="30th Medical Brigade (United States)">30th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/32nd_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="32nd Medical Brigade (United States)">32nd Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/44th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="44th Medical Brigade (United States)">44th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/62nd_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" title="62nd Medical Brigade (United States)">62nd Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/65th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" title="65th Medical Brigade (United States)">65th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=176th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="176th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">176th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/139th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="139th Medical Brigade (United States)">139th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=307th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="307th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">307th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=330th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="330th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">330th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=332nd_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="332nd Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">332nd Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=338th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="338th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">338th Med BDE</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=804th_Medical_Brigade_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="804th Medical Brigade (United States) (page does not exist)">804th Med BDE</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Combat_Support_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="Combat Support Hospital">Combat Support Hospitals</a> and Field Hospitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=9th_Hospital_Center_(United_States)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="9th Hospital Center (United States) (page does not exist)">9th Hosp Ctr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/10th_Field_Hospital_(United_States)" title="10th Field Hospital (United States)">10th Field Hospital (United States)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/14th_Combat_Support_Hospital" title="14th Combat Support Hospital">14th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/28th_Combat_Support_Hospital" class="mw-redirect" title="28th Combat Support Hospital">28th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=31th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="31th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">31th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=47th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="47th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">47th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=48th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="48th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">48th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=75th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="75th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">75th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/115th_Field_Hospital_(United_States)" title="115th Field Hospital (United States)">115th Field Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yongsan_Garrison#Brian_Allgood_Army_Community_Hospital" title="Yongsan Garrison">121st CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=212th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="212th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">212th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=228th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="228th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">228th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=256th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="256th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">256th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=325th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="325th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">325th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=328th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="328th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">328th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=345th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="345th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">345th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=349th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="349th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">349th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=352d_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="352d Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">352d CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=396th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="396th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">396th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=399th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="399th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">399th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=405th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="405th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">405th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=452th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="452th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">452th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=801th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="801th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">801th CSH</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=865th_Combat_Support_Hospital&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="865th Combat Support Hospital (page does not exist)">865th CSH</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Forward_Surgical_Team" class="mw-redirect" title="Forward Surgical Team">Forward Surgical Teams</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>1st FST</li> <li>2nd FST</li> <li>8th FST</li> <li>67th FST</li> <li>102nd FST</li> <li>126th FST</li> <li>135th FST</li> <li>160th FST</li> <li>240th FST</li> <li>250th FST</li> <li><a href="/wiki/274th_Forward_Surgical_Team_(Airborne)" title="274th Forward Surgical Team (Airborne)"> 274th FST (ABN)</a></li> <li>402nd FST</li> <li>541th FST (ABN)</li> <li>555th FST</li> <li>624th FST</li> <li>628th FST</li> <li>629th FST</li> <li>691st FST</li> <li>745th FST</li> <li>758th FST</li> <li>759th FST (ABN)</li> <li>772nd FST</li> <li>848th FST</li> <li>874th FST</li> <li>909th FST</li> <li>911th FST</li> <li>912th FST</li> <li>915th FST</li> <li>932nd FST</li> <li>933rd FST</li> <li>934th FST</li> <li>936th FST</li> <li>945th FST</li> <li>946th FST</li> <li>947th FST</li> <li>948th FST</li> <li>1980th FST</li> <li>1982nd FST</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Education</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Centers,<br />schools, etc</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AMEDD_Center_%26_School" class="mw-redirect" title="AMEDD Center &amp; School">AMEDD Center &amp; School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Army_School_of_Aviation_Medicine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Army School of Aviation Medicine (page does not exist)">U.S. Army School of Aviation Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borden_Institute" title="Borden Institute">Borden Institute</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Museums</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_Museum_of_Health_and_Medicine" title="National Museum of Health and Medicine">National Museum of Health and Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Department_Museum" title="United States Army Medical Department Museum">AMEDD Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Courses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Department_Captains_Career_Course" title="United States Army Medical Department Captains Career Course">Captains Career Course</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_Tropical_Medicine_Course" title="Walter Reed Tropical Medicine Course">Walter Reed Tropical Medicine Course</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Textbook_of_Military_Medicine" title="Textbook of Military Medicine">Textbook of Military Medicine</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/War_Surgery_in_Afghanistan_and_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="War Surgery in Afghanistan and Iraq">War Surgery in Afghanistan and Iraq</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Research Institutes &amp; Centers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0;;wide"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Stateside</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_Army_Institute_of_Research" title="Walter Reed Army Institute of Research">Walter Reed Army Institute of Research (WRAIR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Research_Institute_of_Infectious_Diseases" title="United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases">U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases (USAMRIID)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Research_Institute_of_Chemical_Defense" title="United States Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense">U.S. Army Medical Research Institute of Chemical Defense (USAMRICD)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Army_Institute_of_Surgical_Research&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Army Institute of Surgical Research (page does not exist)">U.S. Army Institute of Surgical Research (ISR)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Research_Institute_of_Environmental_Medicine" title="United States Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine">U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental Medicine (USARIEM)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Army_Center_for_Environmental_Health_Research&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Army Center for Environmental Health Research (page does not exist)">U.S. Army Center for Environmental Health Research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Overseas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Research_Institute_of_Medical_Sciences" title="Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Sciences">Armed Forces Research Institute of Medical Science (AFRIMS)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Army_Medical_Research_Unit-_Europe_(USAMRU-E)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Army Medical Research Unit- Europe (USAMRU-E) (page does not exist)">United States Army Medical Research Unit- Europe (USAMRU-E)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Medical_Research_Unit-Kenya" title="United States Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya">U.S. Army Medical Research Unit-Kenya (USAMRU-K)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makerere_University_Walter_Reed_Project" title="Makerere University Walter Reed Project">Makerere University Walter Reed Project (MUWRP)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Historical</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_United_States_Army_medical_units" title="List of former United States Army medical units">List of former United States Army medical units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Hospital_Corps" title="United States Army Hospital Corps">United States Army Hospital Corps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background-color:#DCDCDC;color:inherit;">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Walter_Reed_Health_Care_System" title="Walter Reed Health Care System">Walter Reed Health Care System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_Vaccine_Agency" title="Military Vaccine Agency">Military Vaccine Agency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_Communications_for_Combat_Casualty_Care" title="Medical Communications for Combat Casualty Care">Medical Communications for Combat Casualty Care</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=United_States_Army_Medical_Information_Technology_Center&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="United States Army Medical Information Technology Center (page does not exist)">U.S. Army Medical Information Technology Center (USAMITC)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4794178#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&amp;#124;text-top&amp;#124;10px&amp;#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&amp;#124;link=https&amp;#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4794178#identifiers&amp;#124;class=noprint&amp;#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4794178#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/140733267">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81128416">United States</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n81128415">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n2015180486">3</a></span></li></ul></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007528097905171">Israel</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007590290505171">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐8cb5f4d85‐nc4h4 Cached time: 20241126181330 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.559 seconds Real time usage: 0.748 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 3786/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 129382/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 3828/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 14/100 Expensive parser function count: 12/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 87263/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.317/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 8345327/52428800 bytes 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