CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en-US"><head><title>Just a moment...</title><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"><meta name="robots" content="noindex,nofollow"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1"><style>*{box-sizing:border-box;margin:0;padding:0}html{line-height:1.15;-webkit-text-size-adjust:100%;color:#313131;font-family:system-ui,-apple-system,BlinkMacSystemFont,Segoe UI,Roboto,Helvetica Neue,Arial,Noto Sans,sans-serif,Apple Color Emoji,Segoe UI Emoji,Segoe UI Symbol,Noto Color Emoji}body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;height:100vh;min-height:100vh}.main-content{margin:8rem auto;max-width:60rem;padding-left:1.5rem}@media (width <= 720px){.main-content{margin-top:4rem}}.h2{font-size:1.5rem;font-weight:500;line-height:2.25rem}@media (width <= 720px){.h2{font-size:1.25rem;line-height:1.5rem}}#challenge-error-text{background-image:url(data:image/svg+xml;base64,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);background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:contain;padding-left:34px}@media (prefers-color-scheme:dark){body{background-color:#222;color:#d9d9d9}}</style><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="120"></head><body class="no-js"><div class="main-wrapper" role="main"><div class="main-content"><noscript><div class="h2"><span id="challenge-error-text">Enable JavaScript and cookies to continue</span></div></noscript></div></div><script>(function(){window._cf_chl_opt={cvId: '3',cZone: "publications.waset.org",cType: 'non-interactive',cRay: '91369a8959be5fe6',cH: '05bFKzZEatVp.CvdJfb65rscG3xAVpN4z.Q0f3Ms.Q0-1739803972-1.2.1.1-NgizRj1rY6esd0cpAj2CCQrnp9qUey3wnWWLzjb23pws2v7CRuX7AIPm89PtrJ6_',cUPMDTk: "\/abstracts\/search?q=butyrate&__cf_chl_tk=BKtLXCf5OHrhAQImrrzuCMo_qsi8VN4kFJ0DpDx54a8-1739803972-1.0.1.1-Ffrv26OOd32nEH_yAX..GrEd7HEx1_OAn2i2SVTHwm4",cFPWv: 'b',cITimeS: '1739803972',cTTimeMs: '1000',cMTimeMs: '120000',cTplC: 0,cTplV: 5,cTplB: 'cf',cK: "",fa: "\/abstracts\/search?q=butyrate&__cf_chl_f_tk=BKtLXCf5OHrhAQImrrzuCMo_qsi8VN4kFJ0DpDx54a8-1739803972-1.0.1.1-Ffrv26OOd32nEH_yAX..GrEd7HEx1_OAn2i2SVTHwm4",md: "OdtaL0rPtGE9a5QIi0OlkYl00wbNOgkEQPrFWuHBgBY-1739803972-1.2.1.1-nynTWmnPObl2RkU9pJug9P0w0pMgLkX2EYVjMSZI3BTSa6Hnz8kXnY3t_g.Bfmk2MapCGoD4q4.LSEH19FCToi1j.LyoL.QDySkpgO9j7ke7Sdko1K.8K5DeknbMfeojinfh5EYd21koNlX8lpZB0Y35gn6a38NyOy2PHmkwtILdf9nOmfQT5e3pRyeOqFT_zW4.I.zED0_DQR1pPdI3nBUy33YRvksBf_LcC5bQoO7a9.CWGcll4hLSYVVyNVaTk9Y3zQIbkv3FIdJIVyII9XJsZowgMKnkwP8cX6vzsAs3nylSmw8HtdC4RN2fK2nN9tMmJWWGfcPzglQGYlemNlYOZ3pxWLzasJ6vpeaJ6zXHnCvLasjocU4LnxavbSL_uyy2BrK6bqeOUzeRNmMdzTnr2c73FDIAtbiSy3p9c4Xvn1PKANNv3nP1o1lnv8iPiCPm.WhVikpIusOdQT1EUnx860r7JFXNbHmw.N4eNb30ZTf4yCrVCXEh0bH8PDiCrGDvMF5mPCQN2xPo1J9zJAkblLZA2YWvJrALi8YqWWCwWDNHppi30hiv7dCleyBCpaR_XZjcggi46356JmUbQeAo3KAqKixTX2u8VoDNE3fjli.i6DcmsFAIVKMtAWGMvyZsjQ.9b8hMZP2ZWlXfZlEC71VeuSg5fclD3iYSCvWV7G5xr9ixvwm9Q5I7PtBpprQn3gzKbmKdYP8A5SFJmsw3yiJuZoEX1wSmZaQpEikgNM68k2xeWexLxrnC5Q5E5Dz1aSg5qYewyU5zDbXE19De4vv7t8MQjfr6SFjJiF6_4pwvjlpqP0ylVyOJAcDGs7yZMK_N9BuJArpA5FPJX5_Iab9qLDhQMWTpkNEmkHst2f5b3w.i5xeCJNx0PGewAuYR9s4n90xs38RwZGuE2so11S8mfbaCfc.7JlGVMDsFE46ZJZ8o1mj1UouvW8LYRfT4gpA_0fNIMHXasEZRQrGfVQyY824dqlk0QtUku3W_Do5kJmwhAayuYYD790hkYtj_ifd_XKH_xALwHb9LOarJcu6sZZLk8ywiOdEu6wODXafymL4q9eMTuY9tsUMgDGqWwWDb7c0Al0Qa1d_G03Mz85sVpH9LDITSU6Tv36xn8r2ieM9uw0w7yPxA4jBp6L.fupQRB2veSvumB6IQ.Y8bVQMWy6_MTghXjp9niEfmH7dmdfFPf7U.XiUP8ltMdXjF3T52Orvrf3yJP9bj42CThLAfrLoR8Qi6Q9o2arHcAwPYAnF53YTxTLIGdbu9y.qD11MSxfuWUBt9PaQBFxI7X.PfYmtnqC08oobZlMaqsEAol9RfmUAAmYdPjiyqXIaxdHmRPRSUgiP6oSdam5lEF1xNlAsoi2alXJaa0_yiIq73y50K9s0eIA7IYxsCGzwq4GPb5i6XGKFBh528fSSatPxbqIE64wTYkzXTHFwR9my_ASbkl576bu3PENRpSWN6shEKefT9g79uoslV4qIxg4k9GotxYV2EKxdA3lDcquBGeBawA.SktuyBehX90bmEF6XD.nqi1B9g517qooxpTg9D6ngu4R2IWnD_5GsMbt.yjsbqNGGWl5bly.7WOweaxN_3ls00rv4Mj5LTF4Er2rrEUMotr9fKa_nzvHEMLnFRDFkDo3LMYd950coNnvRL4LIsoTrDwIxltvbvNw4UnTPDPMd4ExfkEvQlL6rFmpvMHRpNTsc5zRcOMEOh5wHysdXVeBIyGHu51399zC42k.wOTPIASqjOop6K4y7JIBtY1sOO9G2krWm6aWv7Og2EFsnnyiaSFVsrBWHoaL7u1UhWO_WZmJH0iaWVkcsBCusLX5PhbBO7QN0cMxBMpIvwsaV3J.R_6QGbLbBli1W2RZ6u6xD1WCzPis.8vtGxRghP_VZ1LKf3o5B60srRzASXAqPJ48bh__dK4s4vGA",mdrd: "364b3CCnwnGDkGdE_ZyK5cYbMHkdqCm_ixeo5IbhQ_o-1739803972-1.2.1.1-ox0EhyMYm3xgbMGKLMZfvyMWiCuwN4NyycxfHWb1ccz8fJN1pIUFDWk_4zosw46JfphkWOwVmYM5vR7VFUezpuMT7l2GdYX90ugo1taHMmwgpHW7JWyb97GjZHgTZ56VV6tqX0bOr3c4PT7qF1OLj_Dt3l8FJpggwXE_zktM_TxhdPNj4ez_N4hUJC1_dW61JsoaGB3MPh4xZOxFXlTnw5Qu0MnAvsRpKN0YVThkFTI127G8HpLtEq7nv.qqSpUlYkEgYJaqN2OLTJybT2y1ppCTygfCSDkk_xYKNEDcpFgUURfZGn0MvaxgJH0Dy499vZsw9XgxVetAf2sfHYvI.8a.t9TNlxMHGZU9453TpoGefE8SFNd9GFJJC0bqeUNAJBitGhcA8K.2ZZU7hOhVEx83EhlKMs7kCf9UHTNOYePmtuw.sX8u70Beb6Y04W5FVh0LDm2_EwPCjXU51_F7LXZWmhvChvnC1t3TMXn72aXOsQKDZdb7P3utlGO414W5iEofs7qfzTDRmjD4BGYNzccxaCJMZCTuckMTlh.eCfwIIjPktoChx4s1UPAdy2k2ZJXVHYQ1hk8txgX9ZS7M7boHTNEa_Vq7j_mOvWp0IRN9U1i9sSl7OJb.BOpXictmHi8P2N4Ot1Eg5ComvrnSc6gATlxSk07zZ5gzpjPi2LlCTGqJHmDBvMEFNDrl0aBZ7f93ChUGbNMAF65afaPSiylYdQF6ym0fEg5XTGZ.7YT_RTTGNhM10E6Y7vAYaua0mau1yWK37fZc1Nr85N_Q8t7Z6kVLU_3xzq3ITVDrn44py5zExXJ.Ga9mevnK41G5UwLTz8AyNb4FE5iF2q8Frz22OmaZpXlw1nW8mQwIY7b1CRHoMN5oZlAYR3Wz1LJ_wk1gIaTO3gVyu8HuGo4tlQtQLU2_WjWDfmzlRQYb9dLsob00OfN8_TA7t17o.UcBZF0Ifpb7U4b00YnIeTqwWiWjYm9FTgVB2suG4kGoyUMQI3N7NB2SCE8K5VB9Wh1601imGYbqyRObPFtsz_1rcXK1X6ueZ9oo7AgLhwhD786jihbp21smCoPBNl1YhBmy1x75VJ4yTkXb5.DqYPlgk_Ck2ZrgVbQFR73STCSAR3fwUGitYdO4kBgDWFeqBoH9TmDOIj.XH9Jown19UmoPhf4beGZ82K4PQLMHDxym1NWf9qioz_ah9aOL5cW_BTiBMWVwYiGDprppGFax5fk9l5W7oPKZwtj.cyCYaW5QtOAzvPdpDsLM3mUxJkSFZ4mO_uBbdAvrahbpSkj2J6geTTLF6tyHsS06j1Opa1cqTq._xL0kqJ3jucoT93eIC248ll2L4GmjoqWwfhqmHZtoYos88CXKuxMpa0XTxmrEEqwUx4O1gGRpUm_82NKIbpDqNNCKuNR_HqCAzJ836SM3REGiIcHTo6_ySMJD2xHkwRufERm.k.BAHsATGlutgMjFm3jCnsRAMTzj_uxpQ0XQT09Ht_FJvCtCeHRnWNxaeuJ.gFn4z.NTHfrd7qPGsQRrJ4c9StGDrSrIbNSSdtOOvTCi5.JxaFxgdpeTfTk3G3ChevCaE1vT2Lvtj8UCdO6N8l6nweVPEILi5yqtgyk3dEPnHxF92Bq6jpAn68I4r3bdNEpOmearNT1IRfqAyUqKo1Q46evfboF_MqRJ5HnBgNzKrEOtrlJswjtIoygmShI4Ua7Udb5TQjoQTGgN1I9lbLy..Eb2mEwPbXIhhT5_mgDF149ND46YsYsZVTZwD6SjGjN1LADmG9UmgqHv5a5N5cVzIa3Tm40b8rDCGaaxpKwClgDr_bnXPnGB0vrYpSktVVlHN4VF.i2wYa7cZv5PUs6IgR0VhnvIgOOlVB0rMohOa2esEA_o_gZcyHRlKHh62zE_kseTyA2ILXcnwIeHUBFhcXLktSvF1OR9eUI_.QkzFL1ZgzbVSmChxdU9Nw5_qZcH0d7xIr5NANvN17hlaufFTvOVazppxN8SqpaD4g"};var cpo = document.createElement('script');cpo.src = '/cdn-cgi/challenge-platform/h/b/orchestrate/chl_page/v1?ray=91369a8959be5fe6';window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash = location.hash === '' && location.href.indexOf('#') !== -1 ? '#' : location.hash;window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery = location.search === '' && location.href.slice(0, location.href.length - window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash.length).indexOf('?') !== -1 ? '?' : location.search;if (window.history && window.history.replaceState) {var ogU = location.pathname + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUQuery + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash;history.replaceState(null, null, "\/abstracts\/search?q=butyrate&__cf_chl_rt_tk=BKtLXCf5OHrhAQImrrzuCMo_qsi8VN4kFJ0DpDx54a8-1739803972-1.0.1.1-Ffrv26OOd32nEH_yAX..GrEd7HEx1_OAn2i2SVTHwm4" + window._cf_chl_opt.cOgUHash);cpo.onload = function() {history.replaceState(null, null, ogU);}}document.getElementsByTagName('head')[0].appendChild(cpo);}());</script></body></html>