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vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Enlaces_externos"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Enlaces externos</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Enlaces_externos-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contenidos" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Tabla de contenidos" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Cambiar a la tabla de contenidos</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Nucleido</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir a un artículo en otro idioma. Disponible en 51 idiomas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-51" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">51 idiomas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A9" title="نويدة – árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نويدة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4" title="Нуклід – bielorruso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нуклід" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Нуклид – búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нуклид" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%89%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A1" title="নিউক্লাইড – bengalí" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="নিউক্লাইড" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalí" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – bosnio" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosnio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAclid" title="Núclid – catalán" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Núclid" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="ناوکید – kurdo sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ناوکید" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="kurdo sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Нуклид – chuvasio" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Нуклид" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="chuvasio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – danés" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – alemán" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide – inglés" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Nuclide" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklido" title="Nuklido – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Nuklido" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nukliid" title="Nukliid – estonio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Nukliid" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%DA%A9%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%AF" title="نوکلید – persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="نوکلید" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklidi" title="Nuklidi – finés" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Nuklidi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucl%C3%A9ide" title="Nucléide – francés" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nucléide" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BAicl%C3%ADd" title="Núiclíd – irlandés" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Núiclíd" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A0%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%93" title="נוקליד – hebreo" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="נוקליד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebreo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A4" title="Նուկլիդ – armenio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նուկլիդ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armenio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclido" title="Nuclido – interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Nuclido" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklida" title="Nuklida – indonesio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nuklida" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide – italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nuclide" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%A8%AE" title="核種 – japonés" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="核種" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ნუკლიდი – georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნუკლიდი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Нуклид – kazajo" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Нуклид" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="kazajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%95%B5%EC%A2%85" title="핵종 – coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="핵종" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Нуклид – macedonio" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Нуклид" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="macedonio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Нуклид – mongol" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Нуклид" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – malayo" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malayo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – bajo alemán" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="bajo alemán" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide – neerlandés" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Nuclide" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklide" title="Nuklide – noruego nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Nuklide" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="noruego nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklide" title="Nuklide – noruego bokmal" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Nuklide" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="noruego bokmal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nucl%C3%ADdeo" title="Nuclídeo – portugués" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nuclídeo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugués" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclid" title="Nuclid – rumano" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Nuclid" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B4" title="Нуклид – ruso" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нуклид" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ruso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – serbocroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbocroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – serbio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuklid" title="Nuklid – sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Nuklid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%84%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C" title="นิวไคลด์ – tailandés" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="นิวไคลด์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%BCklit" title="Nüklit – turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Nüklit" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B4" title="Нуклід – ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нуклід" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%AF%DB%81" title="نویدہ – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="نویدہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuclide" title="Nuclide – vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nuclide" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B4%A0" title="核素 – chino" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="核素" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%B4%A0" title="核素 – cantonés" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="核素" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="cantonés" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q108149#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar enlaces interlingüísticos" class="wbc-editpage">Editar enlaces</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espacios de nombres"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">De Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="es" dir="ltr"><p>Un <b>nucleido</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="mw-references separada"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> es cada una de las posibles especies atómicas caracterizadas por la agrupación de sus <a href="/wiki/Nucle%C3%B3n" title="Nucleón">nucleones</a> (<a href="/wiki/Prot%C3%B3n" title="Protón">protones</a> y <a href="/wiki/Neutr%C3%B3n" title="Neutrón">neutrones</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="mw-references separada"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Los nucleidos pueden diferir por sus cantidades de protones o de neutrones, o por la energía de su estructura de agrupamiento. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notación"><span id="Notaci.C3.B3n"></span>Notación</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleido&action=edit&section=1" title="Editar sección: Notación"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Se aceptan dos formas de notación para designar un nucleido determinado: </p> <ol><li>El símbolo del elemento precedido del número másico como superíndice (ejemplo: <a href="/wiki/Carbono-12" title="Carbono-12"><sup>12</sup>C</a>).</li> <li>El nombre del elemento unido por un guion al número másico (ejemplo: <a href="/wiki/Carbono-12" title="Carbono-12">carbono-12</a>).</li></ol> <p>Así mismo, se puede utilizar algún tipo de marca (generalmente una letra, asterisco o tilde) a continuación del número másico para indicar que la estructura del nucleido no es la de menor energía posible. </p><p>Hay que recordar que los nombres de los elementos químicos son nombres comunes, y como tales, deben escribirse sin mayúscula inicial salvo que otra regla ortográfica lo imponga. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Simbología"><span id="Simbolog.C3.ADa"></span>Simbología</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleido&action=edit&section=2" title="Editar sección: Simbología"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>En la expresión de cualquier agrupamiento de nucleones, se tiene que: </p> <ul><li><i><b>A</b></i> simboliza el <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_m%C3%A1sico" title="Número másico">número másico</a>, es decir, la suma del número de protones y el de neutrones.</li> <li><i><b>Z</b></i> es el <a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_at%C3%B3mico" title="Número atómico">número atómico</a>, coincidente con el número de protones.</li> <li><i><b>M</b></i> es el símbolo del elemento químico del átomo correspondiente, ligado a su número de protones.</li> <li>En consecuencia, el número de neutrones se deduce a partir del número másico y del número atómico (<i>N</i> = <i>A</i> - <i>Z</i>).</li></ul> <p><br /> </p><p> Un nucleido provisto de una secuencia <a href="/wiki/F%C3%ADsica_nuclear" title="Física nuclear">orbital</a> de Z <a href="/wiki/Electrones" class="mw-redirect" title="Electrones">electrones</a> constituye un <a href="/wiki/%C3%81tomo" title="Átomo">átomo</a>. Esto propicia que en principio su notación sea idéntica a la notación de los <a href="/wiki/Elementos_qu%C3%ADmicos" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementos químicos">elementos químicos</a>. Así, cada nucleido se denomina según el símbolo del átomo que genera, precedido de los valores A y Z con presuperíndice para A, y presubíndice representativo de Z: </p><center><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><td> <div align="right"><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000066"><font size="4">A</font></font></font></div> <div align="right"><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000066"><font size="4">Z</font></font></font></div> </td> <td><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000066"><font size="20">M</font></font></font></td> </tr></tbody></table></center> <p>M es el <a href="/wiki/S%C3%ADmbolo_qu%C3%ADmico" title="Símbolo químico">símbolo químico</a> del núcleo, según su número de protones. Algún otro trazo, <a href="/wiki/Tilde" title="Tilde">tilde</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asterisco" title="Asterisco">asterisco</a> o <a href="/wiki/Computaci%C3%B3n" class="mw-redirect" title="Computación">carácter</a> junto a A significa que la estructura no es la de menor energía posible. </p><p>Es frecuente prescindir del índice Z, pues aporta información redundante con el símbolo. De este modo, se acepta como notación de un nucleido el símbolo del elemento precedido del número másico como superíndice, o el nombre del elemento unido por un guion al número másico. </p><p>Por ejemplo, al nucleido de seis protones y seis neutrones se le puede simbolizar o designar <a href="/wiki/Carbono-12" title="Carbono-12"><sup>12</sup>C</a> o <a href="/wiki/Carbono-12" title="Carbono-12">carbono-12</a>: </p> <center><table border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tbody><tr><td> <div align="right"><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000066"><font size="4">12</font></font></font></div> <div align="right"><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000066"><font size="4"> </font></font></font></div> </td> <td><font face="Arial,Helvetica"><font color="#000066"><font size="20">C</font><font size="5">   ó   carbono-12</font></font></font></td> </tr></tbody></table></center> <p>Estas son las reglas de nomenclatura científicamente aceptadas, correspondientes a la <i>"Nomenclatura de Química Inorgánica. Recomendaciones de 2005 (Libro Rojo de la IUPAC)"</i>, tal y como se pueden encontrar en su sección IR-3.3.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="mw-references separada"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Origen_del_término"><span id="Origen_del_t.C3.A9rmino"></span>Origen del término</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleido&action=edit&section=3" title="Editar sección: Origen del término"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La palabra <i>nucleido</i> (traducción del término original en inglés <i>nuclide</i>) fue propuesta<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="mw-references separada"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> por Truman P. Kohman<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="mw-references separada"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> en 1947. Kohman sugirió originalmente la expresión <i>nuclide</i> para referirse a "tipos de núcleos" definidos por contener un cierto número de neutrones y protones. Así, la palabra fue originalmente destinada a describir distintos núcleos atómicos. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Clasificación_de_los_nucleidos"><span id="Clasificaci.C3.B3n_de_los_nucleidos"></span>Clasificación de los nucleidos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleido&action=edit&section=4" title="Editar sección: Clasificación de los nucleidos"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Is%C3%B3topos" class="mw-redirect" title="Isótopos">Isótopos</a></b>. Poseen igual número atómico, pero difiere la cantidad de neutrones. El <a href="/wiki/Deuterio" title="Deuterio">deuterio</a>: <sup>2</sup>H es isótopo del <a href="/wiki/Tritio" title="Tritio">tritio</a>: <sup>3</sup>H. A su vez, ambos lo son de su <a href="/wiki/Ente" class="mw-redirect" title="Ente">ente</a> principal: el <a href="/wiki/Hidr%C3%B3geno" title="Hidrógeno">hidrógeno</a>: <sup>1</sup>H. Por corresponder al mismo elemento, es frecuente aplicar la designación «<a href="/wiki/Isotop%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Isotopía">isotopía</a>» del elemento: <i>isótopos del hidrógeno.</i></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Is%C3%B3baros" class="mw-redirect" title="Isóbaros">Isóbaros</a></b>. Están dotados de la misma cantidad de nucleones: número másico (A). Por ejemplo, el potasio 40: 19 protones y 21 neutrones: <sup>40</sup>K es isóbaro del calcio 40: 20 protones y 20 neutrones: <sup>40</sup>Ca. La cantidad de protones por la cual uno excede al otro coincide con la de neutrones <a href="/wiki/Minusval%C3%ADa" class="mw-redirect" title="Minusvalía">deficitarios</a>, de modo que la <a href="/wiki/Aritm%C3%A9tica" title="Aritmética">suma</a> es la misma.</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Is%C3%B3tono" title="Isótono">Isótonos</a></b>. Contienen igual número de neutrones pero sus números atómico y másico son distintos. <sup>39</sup>K es isótono de <sup>40</sup>Ca.</li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Is%C3%B3mero_nuclear" title="Isómero nuclear">Isómeros</a></b>. De A, Z y N iguales, difieren únicamente por su estructura de agrupamiento, que implica diferente nivel de energía. <sup>99</sup>Tc es isómero de <sup>99m</sup>Tc.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencias">Referencias</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleido&action=edit&section=5" title="Editar sección: Referencias"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="listaref" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lema.rae.es/drae/?val=nucleido">Nucleido según el diccionario de la RAE.</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span id="CITAREFIUPAC1997" class="citation libro"><a href="/wiki/IUPAC" class="mw-redirect" title="IUPAC">IUPAC</a> (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://goldbook.iupac.org/N04257.html">«Nuclide»</a>. En A. D. McNaught and A. Wilkinson, ed. <i><a href="/wiki/Compendium_of_Chemical_Terminology" title="Compendium of Chemical Terminology">Compendium of Chemical Terminology</a></i>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=Blackwell_Scientific_Publications&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Blackwell Scientific Publications (aún no redactado)">Blackwell Scientific Publications</a>. <small><a href="/wiki/ISBN" title="ISBN">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-632-01765-1" title="Especial:FuentesDeLibros/0-632-01765-1">0-632-01765-1</a></small>. <small><a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1351%2Fgoldbook.N04257">10.1351/goldbook.N04257</a></small>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fes.wikipedia.org%3ANucleido&rft.atitle=Compendium+of+Chemical+Terminology&rft.au=IUPAC&rft.aulast=IUPAC&rft.btitle=Nuclide&rft.date=1997&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=0-632-01765-1&rft.pub=Blackwell+Scientific+Publications&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fgoldbook.iupac.org%2FN04257.html&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1351%2Fgoldbook.N04257&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://old.iupac.org/publications/books/author/RedBook-spanish.html">[1]</a> <i>Nomenclatura de Química Inorgánica.</i> Recomendaciones de la IUPAC de 2005<i>. Original en inglés preparado para su publicación por</i> Neil G. Connelly, Ture Damhus, Richard M. Hartshorn y Alan T. Hutt // Versión española: Miguel A. Ciriano y Pascual Román Polo. Editorial: Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza, junio 2007. <a href="/wiki/Especial:FuentesDeLibros/9788477339052" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-84-7733-905-2</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1947AmJPh..15..356K">Propuesta original de la palabra nucleido (en inglés)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.post-gazette.com/pg/10121/1054684-122.stm">Material biográfico acerca del Dr. Kohman (en inglés)</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Enlaces_externos">Enlaces externos</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nucleido&action=edit&section=6" title="Editar sección: Enlaces externos"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Archivo:Ndslivechart.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b0/Ndslivechart.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="31" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="45" data-file-height="31" /></a></span> <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-nds.iaea.org/livechart">La Tabla de nucleidos LiveChart - IAEA </a></b> en <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-nds.iaea.org/livechart">Java </a></b> o <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www-nds.iaea.org/relnsd/vcharthtml/VChartHTML.html">HTML</a></b></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r161257576">.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control{margin-top:1.5em}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox table{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox hr:last-child{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox+.mw-mf-linked-projects{display:none}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{display:flex;padding:0.5em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects ul li{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#eeeeff}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#27292d);color:var(--color-base,#eaecf0)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#202122)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#202122!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#27292d!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .mw-mf-linked-projects{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral,#27292d)!important;color:var(--color-base,#eaecf0)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#72777d)!important;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#202122)!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox-list{border-color:#202122!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .mw-authority-control .navbox th{background-color:#27292d!important}}</style><div class="mw-authority-control"><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-label="Navbox" style="width: inherit;padding:3px"><table class="hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width: 12%; 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