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href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_1914_Enfield" title="Pattern 1914 Enfield – inglise" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pattern 1914 Enfield" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglise" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_1914" title="Pattern 1914 – hispaania" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pattern 1914" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispaania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pattern_1914_Enfield" title="Pattern 1914 Enfield – prantsuse" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pattern 1914 Enfield" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="prantsuse" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link 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id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="et" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg/250px-YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg/375px-YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg/500px-YM-battlefield-P14-1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2303" data-file-height="1905" /></a><figcaption>Vintpüss P14 Enfield.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Pattern 1914 Enfield</b> (ka <b>Pattern 14</b> ehk <b>P1914</b>) on poltlukuga viielasuline <a href="/wiki/Vintp%C3%BCss" title="Vintpüss">salvvintpüss</a>, <a href="/wiki/Briti_armee" class="mw-redirect" title="Briti armee">Briti armee</a> üks põhirelvi <a href="/wiki/Esimene_maailmas%C3%B5da" title="Esimene maailmasõda">esimeses maailmasõjas</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ameerika_%C3%9Chendriigid" title="Ameerika Ühendriigid">Ameerika Ühendriikides</a> toodetud Pattern 1914 Enfield vintpüssid olid ka <a href="/wiki/Eesti_s%C3%B5jav%C3%A4gi" class="mw-redirect" title="Eesti sõjavägi">Eesti sõjaväe</a> relvastuses kahe maailmasõja vahel.<sup id="cite_ref-Relvad_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Relvad-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ekslikult on M1914 mõnel pool nimetatud ka "Ross-Enfieldiks". Relval M1914 pole Rossi püssiga ega selle ehitusega midagi ühist.<sup id="cite_ref-Tehnika_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tehnika-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ajalugu">Ajalugu</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&action=edit&section=1" title="Muuda alaosa "Ajalugu" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kui Briti armee üritas oma relvastusse võtta <a href="/wiki/Kar_98k" title="Kar 98k">Mauseri</a> <a href="/wiki/Vintp%C3%BCss" title="Vintpüss">vintpüssil</a> põhinevat väiksema <a href="/wiki/Kaliiber_(relv)" title="Kaliiber (relv)">kaliibriga</a> laskemoonaga uut jalaväerelva, sai takistuseks Briti relvatehaste võimetus uusi relvi piisavas koguses ja kvaliteedis toota.<sup id="cite_ref-Relvad_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Relvad-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Esimese maailmasõja ajal toodeti neid hoopis Ameerika Ühendriikides 3,7 miljonit: 7,70-millimeetriseid 1,2 miljonit brittide aitamiseks ja 2,5 miljonit USA 7,62 mm padrunile (M1917).<sup id="cite_ref-Tehnika_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tehnika-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nii jäi Pattern 1914 (mudel 1914) Esimeses maailmasõjas Briti armees kasutusele vaid <a href="/wiki/Snaiperrelv" title="Snaiperrelv">snaiperpüssina</a>, kuna see oli <a href="/wiki/Lee-Enfield" title="Lee-Enfield">Lee-Enfieldist</a> tunduvalt täpsem.<sup id="cite_ref-Relvad_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Relvad-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kasutamine_Eestis">Kasutamine Eestis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kasutamine Eestis"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&action=edit&section=2" title="Muuda alaosa "Kasutamine Eestis" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg/220px-Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg/330px-Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg/440px-Sakala_pat_ajateenijad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1202" data-file-height="1895" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sakala_Partisanide_Pataljon" class="mw-redirect" title="Sakala Partisanide Pataljon">Sakala partisanide pataljoni</a> <a href="/wiki/Ajateenija" title="Ajateenija">ajateenijad</a> vintpüssidega P1914 1939. või 1940. aastal.</figcaption></figure> <p>Inglased tarnisid <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Vabaduss%C3%B5da" class="mw-redirect" title="Eesti Vabadussõda">Vabadussõjas</a> eestlastele ainult USAs toodetud <a href="/wiki/Mossin-Nagant" title="Mossin-Nagant">Vene püsse</a>, kuid <a href="/wiki/Valgekaartlased" title="Valgekaartlased">Vene valgete</a> <a href="/wiki/Loodearmee" title="Loodearmee">Loodearmeele</a> 7,70 mm P1914. Viimaseid Vabadussõjas <a href="/wiki/Eesti_Rahvav%C3%A4gi" title="Eesti Rahvavägi">Eesti armeel</a>, vastupidi levinud arvamusele, ei olnud. Need võeti üle Loodearmeelt <a href="/wiki/1919" title="1919">1919</a>. aasta lõpus ja <a href="/wiki/1920" title="1920">1920</a> ning jõudsid relvastusse alles esimestel rahuaastatel. Paljud neist vajasid korrastamist ja et see relv võeti põhitüübiks, suhtuti asjasse tõsiselt. Inglise püssidele hakati kohe valmistama puuduvaid väikeosi ja lisavarustust ning relvi endid kohendama vastavalt vajadusele. <a href="/wiki/1940" title="1940">1940</a>. aastal oli <a href="/wiki/Eesti" title="Eesti">Eestil</a> üle 41 000 vintpüssi P1914.<sup id="cite_ref-Tehnika_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tehnika-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tehnilised_andmed">Tehnilised andmed</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Tehnilised andmed"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&action=edit&section=3" title="Muuda alaosa "Tehnilised andmed" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Aeg: <a href="/wiki/1914" title="1914">1914</a></li> <li>Päritolu: <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom_%283-5%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Suurbritannia" title="Suurbritannia">Suurbritannia</a></li> <li>Kaal: 4,25 kg</li> <li>Pikkus: 1175 mm</li> <li>Vintraua pikkus: 660 mm</li> <li>Kaliiber: 7,7 mm (.303 tolli)</li> <li>Süsteem: modifitseeritud mauser-tüüpi poltlukuga</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Viited">Viited</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited"" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>muuda</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pattern_1914_Enfield&action=edit&section=4" title="Muuda alaosa "Viited" lähteteksti"><span>muuda lähteteksti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Relvad-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Relvad_1-0">1,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Relvad_1-1">1,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Relvad_1-2">1,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Holmes, R; Mäll, J (tõlk.) (2008). <i>Relvad. Relvade ja turviste ajalugu piltides.</i> Tallinn: Varrak, lk 300</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tehnika-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tehnika_2-0">2,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tehnika_2-1">2,1</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Tehnika_2-2">2,2</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Nõmm, T: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100717034910/http://www.tehnikamaailm.ee/est/tm/2008/06/?headerID=1304">Eesti relvad 1918–1940</a>. Tehnikamaailm, juuni 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Nõmm, T (2006). Eesti sõjapüssid 1918–1920. // Laidoneri muuseumi aastaraamat 2005. Tallinn: <a href="/wiki/Eesti_S%C3%B5jamuuseum" class="mw-redirect" title="Eesti Sõjamuuseum">Eesti Sõjamuuseum</a>, lk 71</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox" style=";;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6393697">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:2px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.15em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccccff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddddff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox td .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td .hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox a{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin:0 0.5em}</style><table class="mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;"><tbody><tr><th class="navbox-title" scope="col" colspan="3" style=";;padding:0;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6347537">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{margin:0;display:inline-block;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{white-space:nowrap;word-spacing:-0.125em;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .navbar li:not(:last-child):after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .navbar.mini li abbr[title]{border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}</style><div class="navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Eesti_relvastus" title="Mall:Eesti relvastus"><abbr title="Vaata seda malli">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Eri:EditPage/Mall:Eesti_relvastus" title="Eri:EditPage/Mall:Eesti relvastus"><abbr title="Redigeeri seda malli">r</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="margin:0 4em;"><a href="/wiki/Eesti" title="Eesti">Eesti</a> relvastus aastatel 1920–1940</div></th></tr><tr> <th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCstol" title="Püstol">Püstolid ja revolvrid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/FN_Browning_M1903" title="FN Browning M1903">Browning M1903</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/FN_Browning_M1910" title="FN Browning M1910">Browning M1910</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Browning_FN&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Browning FN (pole veel kirjutatud)">Browning FN</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Nagant_M1895" title="Nagant M1895">Nagant M1895</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/P08" class="mw-redirect" title="P08">P08</a></div> </td> <td class="navbox-image" style="width:1px; padding:0px 0px 0px 2px;" rowspan="8"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Eesti" title="Eesti"><img alt="Eesti" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/80px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="51" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/Flag_of_Estonia.svg/160px-Flag_of_Estonia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="990" data-file-height="630" /></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Vintp%C3%BCss" title="Vintpüss">Vintpüssid ja karabiinid</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Berdan_II&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Berdan II (pole veel kirjutatud)">Berdan II</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mossin-Nagant" title="Mossin-Nagant">Mossin-Nagant</a>  <b>·</b>  <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Pattern 1914 Enfield</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gewehr_88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gewehr 88 (pole veel kirjutatud)">Gewehr 88</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Gewehr_98" title="Gewehr 98">Gewehr 98</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Mannlicher_M1895" title="Mannlicher M1895">Mannlicher M1895</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Lee-Enfield" title="Lee-Enfield">Lee-Enfield </a>  <b>·</b>  Arisaka Tüüp 30  <b>·</b>  Arisaka Tüüp 38  <b>·</b>  Arisaka Tüüp 44  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Krag%E2%80%93J%C3%B8rgensen" class="mw-redirect" title="Krag–Jørgensen">Krag–Jørgensen</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/Ross_(vintp%C3%BCss)" title="Ross (vintpüss)">Ross (vintpüss)</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karabin_wz.98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karabin wz.98 (pole veel kirjutatud)">Karabin wz.98</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karabin_wz.29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karabin wz.29 (pole veel kirjutatud)">Karabin wz.29</a></div> </td></tr><tr><th class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/P%C3%BCstolkuulipilduja" title="Püstolkuulipilduja">Püstolkuulipildujad</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <a href="/wiki/MP_18" title="MP 18">MP 18</a>  <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/MP_28" title="MP 28">MP 28</a> <b>·</b>  <a href="/wiki/A._T." title="A. T.">A. 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