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class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_en.wikipedia.org&uselang=en" class=""><span>Donate</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Shock+site" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory" class=""><span>Create account</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" 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<span>Legality</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legality-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ethics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Ethics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown 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Available in 24 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-24" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">24 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B5%D8%AF%D9%85%D8%A9" title="موقع الصدمة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="موقع الصدمة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitiu_chocante" title="Sitiu chocante – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Sitiu chocante" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_site" title="Shock site – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Shock site" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet-Ph%C3%A4nomen#Sonstiges" title="Internet-Phänomen – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Internet-Phänomen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sitio_chocante" title="Sitio chocante – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Sitio chocante" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D8%B4%D9%88%DA%A9%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D9%88%D8%B1" title="سایت شوک‌آور – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سایت شوک‌آور" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_web_choc" title="Site web choc – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Site web choc" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%87%BC%ED%81%AC_%EC%82%AC%EC%9D%B4%ED%8A%B8" title="쇼크 사이트 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="쇼크 사이트" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_site" title="Shock site – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Shock site" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fikablog" title="Fikablog – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Fikablog" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shocksite" title="Shocksite – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Shocksite" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF%E3%82%B5%E3%82%A4%E3%83%88" title="ショックサイト – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ショックサイト" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strona_szokuj%C4%85ca" title="Strona szokująca – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Strona szokująca" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_site" title="Shock site – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Shock site" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_de_%C8%99oc" title="Site de șoc – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Site de șoc" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BA-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82%D1%8B" title="Шок-сайты – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шок-сайты" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shock_site" title="Shock site – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Shock site" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BA-%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%98%D1%82" title="Шок-сајт – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шок-сајт" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0okkisivusto" title="Šokkisivusto – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Šokkisivusto" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chocksajt" title="Chocksajt – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Chocksajt" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eok_sitesi" title="Şok sitesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şok sitesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82" title="Шоковий сайт – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шоковий сайт" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Website_g%C3%A2y_s%E1%BB%91c" title="Website gây sốc – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Website gây sốc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9C%87%E6%92%BC%E7%BD%91%E7%AB%99" title="震撼网站 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="震撼网站" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1071902#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Shock_site" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:Shock_site" rel="discussion" title="Discuss improvements to the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Talk</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Shock_site" title="List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Shock_site" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard" title="Upload files [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&oldid=1259185732" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent 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							cdx-fr-css-icon--close"></span></button></header><div class="cdx-dialog__body">This is the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pending_changes" title="Wikipedia:Pending changes">latest accepted revision</a>, <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Log&type=review&page=Special:Badtitle/Message">reviewed</a> on <i>23 November 2024</i>.</div></div><div tabindex="0"></div></div></div></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Website intended to offend and/or disgust its viewers</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"LemonParty" redirects here. For the Canadian frivolous party, see <a href="/wiki/Lemon_Party" title="Lemon Party">Lemon Party</a>.</div> <p>A <b>shock site</b> is a <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">website</a> that is intended to be offensive or disturbing to its viewers, though it can also contain elements of <a href="/wiki/Humor" class="mw-redirect" title="Humor">humor</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or evoke (in some viewers) <a href="/wiki/Sexual_arousal" title="Sexual arousal">sexual arousal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shock-oriented websites generally contain material that is <a href="/wiki/Pornographic" class="mw-redirect" title="Pornographic">pornographic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Scatology" title="Scatology">scatological</a>, <a href="/wiki/Racist" class="mw-redirect" title="Racist">racist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antisemitic" class="mw-redirect" title="Antisemitic">antisemitic</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sexist" class="mw-redirect" title="Sexist">sexist</a>, <a href="/wiki/Graphic_violence" title="Graphic violence">graphically violent</a>, <a href="/wiki/Insult" title="Insult">insulting</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vulgarity" title="Vulgarity">vulgar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Profanity" title="Profanity">profane</a>, or otherwise of some other provocative nature. Websites that are primarily fixated on real death and graphic violence are particularly referred to as <b>gore sites</b>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some shock sites display a single picture, <a href="/wiki/Animation" title="Animation">animation</a>, video clip or small gallery, and are circulated via <a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">email</a> or disguised in posts to <a href="/wiki/Discussion_site" class="mw-redirect" title="Discussion site">discussion sites</a> as a <a href="/wiki/Practical_joke" title="Practical joke">prank</a>. Steven Jones distinguishes these sites from those that collect galleries where users search for shocking content, such as <a href="/wiki/Rotten.com" title="Rotten.com">Rotten.com</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gallery sites can contain <a href="/wiki/Decapitation" title="Decapitation">beheadings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment" title="Capital punishment">execution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Electrocution" title="Electrocution">electrocution</a>, <a href="/wiki/Suicide" title="Suicide">suicide</a>, <a href="/wiki/Murder" title="Murder">murder</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stoning" title="Stoning">stoning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Death_by_burning" title="Death by burning">torching</a>, <a href="/wiki/Police_brutality" title="Police brutality">police brutality</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hanging" title="Hanging">hangings</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terrorism" title="Terrorism">terrorism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drug_cartel" title="Drug cartel">cartel violence</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drowning" title="Drowning">drowning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Traffic_collision" title="Traffic collision">vehicular accidents</a>, war victims, <a href="/wiki/Rape" title="Rape">rape</a>, <a href="/wiki/Necrophilia" title="Necrophilia">necrophilia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genital_mutilation" class="mw-redirect" title="Genital mutilation">genital mutilation</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Sex_and_the_law" title="Sex and the law">sexual crimes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some shock sites have also gained their own <a href="/wiki/Subculture" title="Subculture">subcultures</a> and have become <a href="/wiki/Internet_meme" title="Internet meme">internet memes</a> on their own. <a href="/wiki/Goatse.cx" title="Goatse.cx">Goatse.cx</a> featured a page devoted to <a href="/wiki/Fan_art" title="Fan art">fan-submitted artwork</a> and tributes to the site's <code>hello.jpg</code>, and a parody of the image was unwittingly shown by a <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> newscast as an alternative for <a href="/wiki/File:2012_Summer_Olympics_logo.svg" title="File:2012 Summer Olympics logo.svg">the then-recently unveiled logo</a> for the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a>. A 2007 shock video known as <i><a href="/wiki/2_Girls_1_Cup" title="2 Girls 1 Cup">2 Girls 1 Cup</a></i> also quickly became an Internet phenomenon, with videos of reactions, homages, and parodies widely posted on video sharing sites such as <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There have been several shock galleries that have launched and shut down. <a href="/wiki/Rotten.com" title="Rotten.com">Rotten.com</a> hosted murder videos and images of deceased people,<sup id="cite_ref-:22_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and brandished the motto "Pure Evil Since 1996".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During their operation, the owners of Rotten.com launched <a href="/wiki/Rotten.com" title="Rotten.com">several new sites</a>, one of which was Shockumentary.com in 2006. Shockumentary.com was created to sell <a href="/wiki/Mondo_film" title="Mondo film">mondo films</a> like <i><a href="/wiki/Traces_of_Death" title="Traces of Death">Traces of Death</a></i> (1993).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Ogrish.com" title="Ogrish.com">Ogrish.com</a>, which was established in 2000, hosted "mutilated corpses, car accidents, burn victims, <a href="/wiki/Congenital_malformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Congenital malformation">congenital malformations</a> and other grotesqueries".<sup id="cite_ref-:42_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ogrish.com's reputation rested on its publication of gore media from <a href="/wiki/Terrorists" class="mw-redirect" title="Terrorists">terrorists</a> and war.<sup id="cite_ref-:42_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2006, Ogrish.com was rebranded as <a href="/wiki/LiveLeak" title="LiveLeak">Liveleak.com</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:42_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:42-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Bestgore.com" title="Bestgore.com">Bestgore.com</a>, established in 2008 by Mark Marek, was notorious for its extremely graphic content, such as photos and videos of murders, suicides and violent accidents with an estimated 15–20 million monthly visits during its operation.<sup id="cite_ref-Global_News_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Global_News-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Marek pleaded guilty and was given a six-month <a href="/wiki/Conditional_sentence_(Canada)" title="Conditional sentence (Canada)">conditional sentence</a> for his role in a case where he was accused of corrupting public morals in <a href="/wiki/Alberta,_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="Alberta, Canada">Alberta, Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some shock galleries, however, established more specific niches. In the early 2000s, the site <a href="/wiki/Necrobabes" class="mw-redirect" title="Necrobabes">Necrobabes</a> hosted images of women pretending to be dead,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the sites Cannibal Café and Gourmet tailored themselves to would-be <a href="/wiki/Human_cannibalism" title="Human cannibalism">cannibals</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The latter sites gained attention in 2003 when <a href="/wiki/Armin_Meiwes" title="Armin Meiwes">Armin Meiwes</a>, an aspiring cannibal, used the sites to connect with Jürgen Brandes, a man who desired to be eaten.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, <a href="/wiki/Graham_Coutts" class="mw-redirect" title="Graham Coutts">Graham Coutts</a> visited Necrobabes, Rapepassion, Violentpleasure, and Hangingbitches frequently before strangling teacher <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jane_Longhurst" title="Murder of Jane Longhurst">Jane Longhurst</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>There have also been several individual videos that received viral attention. <a href="/wiki/Goatse.cx" title="Goatse.cx">Goatse</a><sup id="cite_ref-scotsman2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotsman2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Hands_of_God2_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Hands_of_God2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was one of the earliest and best-known shock sites, featuring an image of a man stretching his <a href="/wiki/Human_anus" title="Human anus">anus</a> with his hands.<sup id="cite_ref-scotsman2_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotsman2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site featured a page devoted to fan-submitted artwork and tributes to the site.<sup id="cite_ref-scotsman2_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-scotsman2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-The_Hands_of_God2_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-The_Hands_of_God2-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site was shut down in 2004; however, various <a href="/wiki/Mirror_site" title="Mirror site">mirror sites</a> featuring the image still exist.<sup id="cite_ref-Russian_mirror2_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Russian_mirror2-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2012, it was resurrected as an e-mail service.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2008, the <a href="/wiki/Dnepropetrovsk_maniacs" title="Dnepropetrovsk maniacs">Dnepropetrovsk maniacs</a> posted the graphic murder video "3 Guys 1 Hammer".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This was followed years later by Eric Clinton Kirk Newman's (known now as Luka Rocco Magnotta) video "1 Lunatic 1 Icepick" in 2012—a video of Newman <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jun_Lin" title="Murder of Jun Lin">murdering Chinese student Jun Lin</a> that contained dismemberment, cannibalism, and <a href="/wiki/Necrophilia" title="Necrophilia">necrophilia</a>, and was posted on Bestgore.com.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newman also shared a video one year prior of him using a vacuum and plastic bag to suffocate two <a href="/wiki/Kitten" title="Kitten">kittens</a> to the song "<a href="/wiki/Happy_Xmas_(War_Is_Over)" title="Happy Xmas (War Is Over)">Happy Xmas (War is Over)</a>" by <a href="/wiki/John_Lennon" title="John Lennon">John Lennon</a> to several gore sites.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Meatspin is a shock site containing a looping video (set playing to "<a href="/wiki/You_Spin_Me_Round_(Like_a_Record)" title="You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)">You Spin Me Round (Like a Record)</a>" by <a href="/wiki/Dead_or_Alive_(band)" title="Dead or Alive (band)">Dead or Alive</a>) of two people engaging in anal sex, while the penis of the receiving partner spins endlessly. Although frequently reported to be <a href="/wiki/Gay_pornography" title="Gay pornography">gay pornography</a>, it has been mentioned that the clip was derived from a <a href="/wiki/Transgender_pornography" title="Transgender pornography">transgender pornography</a> film. A counter keeps track of how many "spins" the viewer has watched.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hartley-Parkinson_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartley-Parkinson-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2013, a student at <a href="/wiki/Florida_State_University" title="Florida State University">Florida State University</a> hacked the wireless network of his campus and redirected all traffic to Meatspin.<sup id="cite_ref-Munzenrieder_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Munzenrieder-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Zimmerman_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Zimmerman-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015, consternation followed when a family restaurant played the website in front of young children.<sup id="cite_ref-Hartley-ParkinsonRichard_Hartley-Parkinson_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartley-ParkinsonRichard_Hartley-Parkinson-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Hartley-Parkinson_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hartley-Parkinson-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the website was played on a public digital billboard in <a href="/wiki/Sweden" title="Sweden">Sweden</a>, resulting in international media attention.<sup id="cite_ref-Barrell_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Barrell-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Samuelson_25-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Samuelson-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site first went live on March 10, 2005. John-Michael Bond of <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Dot" title="The Daily Dot">The Daily Dot</a></i> stated that to an extent, "casual <a href="/wiki/Homophobia" title="Homophobia">homophobia</a>" of the 2000s helped popularize Meatspin.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legality">Legality</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Legality"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Currently, there is no federal or state legislation in the <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> that outlaws possessing or viewing videos or images that depict the death of a human being.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2000, a bill was introduced in the <a href="/wiki/California_State_Legislature" title="California State Legislature">California State Legislature</a> to outlaw these films, but after the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_Liberties_Union" title="American Civil Liberties Union">American Civil Liberties Union</a> (ACLU) raised protest over First Amendment concerns, the bill failed to pass. No other bill has passed since.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the case of <i><a href="/wiki/Miller_v._California" title="Miller v. California">Miller v. California</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_the_United_States" title="Supreme Court of the United States">Supreme Court of the United States</a> established a test to determine whether content falls under the category of unprotected obscenity.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Miller_test" title="Miller test">Miller test</a> requires that content "appeals to the prurient interest" to be obscene, meaning content must have a sexual component.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>That test was modified by <i>United States v. Richards</i>, which ruled that <a href="/wiki/Animal_crush" class="mw-redirect" title="Animal crush">animal crush</a> videos (videos that involve the killing of animals) can be obscene and therefore, are not protected by the First Amendment even though they do not clearly appeal to sexual interests.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The court ruled animal crush videos to be unprotected obscenity for two reasons. First, animal crush videos can appeal to a "specific sexual fetish," which fits the sexual conduct requirement of the <i>Miller</i> test. Second, <i>United States v. Richards</i> modified the <i>Miller</i> test by ruling that obscenity "can also cover unusual deviant acts" even if they are not directly sexual.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Child pornography also falls under the category of unprotected obscenity by these tests.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to the combination of murder and <a href="/wiki/Pornography" title="Pornography">pornography</a> depicted on shock sites that contain murder videos like gore2gasm.com, legal scholars have argued that murder videos also appeal to specific sexual interests and are thus unprotected under <i>United States v. Richards</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In terms of liability, unless death videos are illegal, third party providers like shock sites that host death videos are protected by the <a href="/wiki/Communications_Decency_Act" title="Communications Decency Act">Communications Decency Act of 1996</a> (CDA).<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, websites that require users to upload illegal content or actively encourage users to create and share illegal content can be held liable.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, courts have granted increasing <a href="/wiki/Right_to_privacy" title="Right to privacy">privacy rights</a> to families over the publication and distribution of images of deceased relatives.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The owners of <a href="/wiki/Rotten.com" title="Rotten.com">Rotten.com</a> were successfully sued by families for hosting photos of dead people and videos of their deaths on the site.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a>, <a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Parliament of the United Kingdom">Parliament</a> passed the <a href="/wiki/Criminal_Justice_and_Immigration_Act_2008" title="Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008">Criminal Justice and Immigration Act 2008</a>, which included a section outlawing <a href="/wiki/Extreme_pornography" class="mw-redirect" title="Extreme pornography">extreme pornography</a> (that which is intended to sexually arouse viewers that threatens a person's life, is likely to seriously harm a person's anus, breasts, or genitals, or involves a human corpse or an animal).<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This has resulted in shock sites, as well as American pornographers including <a href="/wiki/Max_Hardcore" title="Max Hardcore">Max Hardcore</a> and <a href="/wiki/Extreme_Associates" title="Extreme Associates">Extreme Associates</a>, being convicted of <a href="/wiki/Obscenity" title="Obscenity">obscenity</a> in the United Kingdom.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the <a href="/wiki/Christchurch_mosque_shootings" title="Christchurch mosque shootings">Christchurch mosque shootings</a> in <a href="/wiki/New_Zealand" title="New Zealand">New Zealand</a>, the shooter broadcast the first shooting at <a href="/wiki/Al_Noor_Mosque,_Christchurch" title="Al Noor Mosque, Christchurch">Al Noor Mosque</a> live on <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The video was shared on Facebook and uploaded to <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a> shortly after. Footage of the mass murder was hosted on <a href="/wiki/4chan" title="4chan">4chan</a>, <a href="/wiki/8chan" title="8chan">8chan</a>, <a href="/wiki/LiveLeak" title="LiveLeak">LiveLeak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Voat" title="Voat">Voat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zero_Hedge" title="Zero Hedge">Zero Hedge</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kiwi_Farms" title="Kiwi Farms">KiwiFarms</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Rather than the <a href="/wiki/Australian_government" class="mw-redirect" title="Australian government">Australian government</a> trying to ban this specific instance of murder video, <a href="/wiki/Internet_service_provider" title="Internet service provider">internet service providers</a> in <a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a> chose to place temporary blocks on any sites that hosted the footage until all the footage was believed to be removed.<sup id="cite_ref-:5_30-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ethics">Ethics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Ethics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Several ethical concerns have been raised on the topic of shock sites and murder videos. One concern is that the popularity of shock sites will encourage an increase in violent murders, which can result in more extreme and violent videos that will likely generate more views on shock sites.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Murder videos can inspire copycats to replicate the snuff films. After one of the Dnepropetrovsk Maniacs' videos leaked on the internet as "3 Guys 1 Hammer" in 2007, Luka Magnotta <a href="/wiki/Murder_of_Jun_Lin" title="Murder of Jun Lin">murdered Lin Jun</a>, a Chinese student, and uploaded the video (including scenes of <a href="/wiki/Dismemberment" title="Dismemberment">dismemberment</a>, cannibalism, and <a href="/wiki/Necrophilia" title="Necrophilia">necrophilia</a>) under the similar title of "1 Lunatic 1 Icepick" in 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another concern is the right of a victim and the victim's family to privacy after death.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is the issue of whether Lin Jun's parents have a right to remove the video of their son's murder from the internet.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Murder victims cannot consent to the footage of their deaths being used and uploaded, and several court cases have agreed that parents and loved ones should have a right to prevent the widespread viewership of a personal tragedy and stop the video from being published.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_28-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Finally, while shock value is not sufficient to justify banning content legally (as was determined by <a href="/wiki/Cohen_v._California" title="Cohen v. California">Cohen v. California</a>),<sup id="cite_ref-:3_28-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> there are still ethical concerns about the emotional damages caused by the jarring nature and content of shock sites. Viewing violent content such as murder videos on social media can cause or trigger <a href="/wiki/Post-traumatic_stress_disorder" title="Post-traumatic stress disorder">post-traumatic stress disorder</a> (PTSD) and cause other <a href="/wiki/Distress_(medicine)" title="Distress (medicine)">emotional distress</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As more people upload and view murder videos on shock sites, some believe that this practice is being mirrored in the <a href="/wiki/Horror_film" title="Horror film">horror movie</a> genre. The presence of <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television" title="Closed-circuit television">CCTV</a> in <i><a href="/wiki/Saw_(2004_film)" class="mw-redirect" title="Saw (2004 film)">Saw</a></i> and the online torture auctions in <i><a href="/wiki/Hostel:_Part_II" title="Hostel: Part II">Hostel Part II</a></i> raise questions on the nefarious use of monitoring systems and the widespread access to videos of <a href="/wiki/Al-Qaeda" title="Al-Qaeda">Al-Qaeda</a> <a href="/wiki/Decapitation" title="Decapitation">beheadings</a>, executions in American prisons, and other real depictions of violence and murder on the internet.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In examples like <i>Saw</i>, the contemporary horror genre reflects real horror on the internet.<sup id="cite_ref-:22_5-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:22-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Additionally, a parody of Goatse was shown by a <a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a> newscast as an alternative for the then recently unveiled logo for the <a href="/wiki/2012_Summer_Olympics" title="2012 Summer Olympics">2012 Summer Olympics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-shock_tactics22_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-shock_tactics22-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/28px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/42px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/56px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pornproject_logo.svg" 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<li><a href="/wiki/Elsagate" title="Elsagate">Elsagate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fan_service" title="Fan service">Fan service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_censorship" title="Internet censorship">Internet censorship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_pornography" title="Internet pornography">Internet pornography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Internet_privacy" title="Internet privacy">Internet privacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Internet_phenomena" title="List of Internet phenomena">List of Internet phenomena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_panic" title="Moral panic">Moral panic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Not_safe_for_work" title="Not safe for work">Not safe for work</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rule_34" title="Rule 34">Rule 34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shock_humour" title="Shock humour">Shock humour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Troll_(slang)" title="Troll (slang)">Troll (slang)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WorldStarHipHop" title="WorldStarHipHop">WorldStarHipHop</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAttwood2014" class="citation journal cs1">Attwood, Feona (November 2014). 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-09-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Business+Insider&rft.atitle=4chan%2C+8chan%2C+and+LiveLeak+blocked+by+Australian+internet+providers+for+hosting+the+livestream+of+New+Zealand+mosque+shootings&rft.aulast=Ma&rft.aufirst=Alexandra&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.businessinsider.com%2Fnew-zealand-shootings-isps-block-4chan-8chan-liveleak-over-stream-2019-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-shock_tactics22-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-shock_tactics22_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Herrmann, Steve. "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/blogs/theeditors/2007/06/shock_tactics.html">Shock tactics</a>." <i><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a></i>. June 5, 2007. Retrieved on February 23, 2009.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJohnson2007" class="citation news cs1">Johnson, Robert 'Bobbie' (June 8, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080619041238/http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/technology/archives/2007/06/08/updated_b3ta_hacks_the_bbc_with_olympic_goatse.html">"B3ta hacks the BBC with Olympic goatse"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blogs.guardian.co.uk/technology/archives/2007/06/08/updated_b3ta_hacks_the_bbc_with_olympic_goatse.html">the original</a> on 19 June 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 23,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=B3ta+hacks+the+BBC+with+Olympic+goatse&rft.date=2007-06-08&rft.aulast=Johnson&rft.aufirst=Robert+%27Bobbie%27&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fblogs.guardian.co.uk%2Ftechnology%2Farchives%2F2007%2F06%2F08%2Fupdated_b3ta_hacks_the_bbc_with_olympic_goatse.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWilson2013" class="citation web cs1">Wilson, Jeremy (2013-09-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141103074251/http://kernelmag.dailydot.com/features/report/5453/the-vilest-sites-on-the-internet/">"The vilest sites on the internet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Dot" title="The Daily Dot">The Daily Dot</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kernelmag.dailydot.com/features/report/5453/the-vilest-sites-on-the-internet/">the original</a> on 2014-11-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Dot&rft.atitle=The+vilest+sites+on+the+internet&rft.date=2013-09-20&rft.aulast=Wilson&rft.aufirst=Jeremy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkernelmag.dailydot.com%2Ffeatures%2Freport%2F5453%2Fthe-vilest-sites-on-the-internet%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChen2013" class="citation journal cs1">Chen, Adrian (2013-04-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wired.com/2013/04/goatse/">"Goatse and the Rise of the Web's Gross-Out Culture"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Wired_(website)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wired (website)">Wired</a></i>. <b>21</b> (5)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Wired&rft.atitle=Goatse+and+the+Rise+of+the+Web%27s+Gross-Out+Culture&rft.volume=21&rft.issue=5&rft.date=2013-04-16&rft.aulast=Chen&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wired.com%2F2013%2F04%2Fgoatse%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson2012" class="citation web cs1">Anderson, Lessley (2012-06-13). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theverge.com/2012/6/13/3076557/snuff-murder-torture-internet-people-who-watch-it">"Snuff: Murder and torture on the internet, and the people who watch it"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Verge" title="The Verge">The Verge</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Verge&rft.atitle=Snuff%3A+Murder+and+torture+on+the+internet%2C+and+the+people+who+watch+it&rft.date=2012-06-13&rft.aulast=Anderson&rft.aufirst=Lessley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theverge.com%2F2012%2F6%2F13%2F3076557%2Fsnuff-murder-torture-internet-people-who-watch-it&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchroeder2014" class="citation web cs1">Schroeder, Audra (2014-10-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141103074306/http://kernelmag.dailydot.com/issue-sections/features-issue-sections/10700/rotten-history-shock-site/">"The Legacy of Rotten.com"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Dot" title="The Daily Dot">The Daily Dot</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kernelmag.dailydot.com/issue-sections/features-issue-sections/10700/rotten-history-shock-site/">the original</a> on 2014-11-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Dot&rft.atitle=The+Legacy+of+Rotten.com&rft.date=2014-10-26&rft.aulast=Schroeder&rft.aufirst=Audra&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkernelmag.dailydot.com%2Fissue-sections%2Ffeatures-issue-sections%2F10700%2Frotten-history-shock-site%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDewey2014" class="citation news cs1">Dewey, Caitlin (2014-10-28). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-intersect/wp/2014/10/28/when-botched-surgeries-and-suicides-go-viral-the-revolting-rise-of-medical-gore/">"When botched surgeries and suicides go viral: The revolting rise of 'medical gore'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-02</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=When+botched+surgeries+and+suicides+go+viral%3A+The+revolting+rise+of+%27medical+gore%27&rft.date=2014-10-28&rft.aulast=Dewey&rft.aufirst=Caitlin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fnews%2Fthe-intersect%2Fwp%2F2014%2F10%2F28%2Fwhen-botched-surgeries-and-suicides-go-viral-the-revolting-rise-of-medical-gore%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2009" class="citation journal cs1">Reynolds, Daniel (August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141103082858/https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-214204999/esthetics-of-the-extreme-in-shock-websites">"Esthetics of the Extreme in Shock Websites"</a>. <i>Applied Semiotics</i> (23). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.questia.com/library/journal/1G1-214204999/esthetics-of-the-extreme-in-shock-websites">the original</a> on 2014-11-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-11-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Applied+Semiotics&rft.atitle=Esthetics+of+the+Extreme+in+Shock+Websites&rft.issue=23&rft.date=2009-08&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.questia.com%2Flibrary%2Fjournal%2F1G1-214204999%2Festhetics-of-the-extreme-in-shock-websites&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AShock+site" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&oldid=1259185732">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Shock_site&oldid=1259185732</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:2000s_fads_and_trends" title="Category:2000s fads and trends">2000s fads and trends</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Internet_memes" title="Category:Internet memes">Internet memes</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Internet_slang" title="Category:Internet slang">Internet slang</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Internet_trolling" title="Category:Internet trolling">Internet trolling</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Online_obscenity_controversies" title="Category:Online obscenity controversies">Online obscenity controversies</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Shock_sites" title="Category:Shock sites">Shock sites</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">CS1 maint: location missing publisher</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">CS1 maint: others</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_Swedish-language_sources_(sv)" title="Category:CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)">CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_pending_changes_protected_pages" title="Category:Wikipedia pending changes protected pages">Wikipedia pending changes protected pages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 23 November 2024, at 21:05<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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