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P糖タンパク質 - Wikipedia

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class="vector-dropdown-label-text">個人用ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="利用者メニュー" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ja.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ja"><span>寄付</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%88%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%90&amp;returnto=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="アカウントを作成してログインすることをお勧めしますが、必須ではありません"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>アカウント作成</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B0%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3&amp;returnto=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="ログインすることを推奨します。ただし、必須ではありません。 [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ログイン</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ログアウトした編集者のページ <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A3%E3%82%AD%E3%83%9A%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%81%B8%E3%82%88%E3%81%86%E3%81%93%E3%81%9D" aria-label="編集の詳細"><span>もっと詳しく</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E8%87%AA%E5%88%86%E3%81%AE%E6%8A%95%E7%A8%BF%E8%A8%98%E9%8C%B2" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集の一覧 [y]" accesskey="y"><span>投稿記録</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E3%83%88%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E3%83%9A%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B8" title="このIPアドレスからなされた編集についての議論 [n]" accesskey="n"><span>トーク</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="サイト"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">非表示</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">ページ先頭</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-概要" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#概要"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>概要</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-概要-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-機能" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#機能"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>機能</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-機能-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-構造" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#構造"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>構造</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-構造-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-基質" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#基質"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>基質</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-基質-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-阻害剤" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#阻害剤"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>阻害剤</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-阻害剤-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-出典" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#出典"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>出典</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-出典-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="目次の表示・非表示を切り替え" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">目次の表示・非表示を切り替え</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">P糖タンパク質</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="特定の記事の別の言語版に移動します。 利用可能な言語17件" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-17" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">17の言語版</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%83%D8%B1%D9%8A-P" title="アラビア語: بروتين سكري-P" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بروتين سكري-P" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="アラビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/MDR1" title="チェコ語: MDR1" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="MDR1" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="チェコ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Multidrug-Resistance-Protein_1" title="ドイツ語: Multidrug-Resistance-Protein 1" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Multidrug-Resistance-Protein 1" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ドイツ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-glycoprotein" title="英語: P-glycoprotein" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="P-glycoprotein" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucoprote%C3%ADna-P" title="スペイン語: Glucoproteína-P" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Glucoproteína-P" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="スペイン語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AA%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%BE%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%BE%DB%8C" title="ペルシア語: پروتئین پی‌جی‌پی" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پروتئین پی‌جی‌پی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ペルシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glycoprot%C3%A9ine_P" title="フランス語: Glycoprotéine P" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Glycoprotéine P" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="フランス語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-glicoproteina" title="イタリア語: P-glicoproteina" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="P-glicoproteina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="イタリア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="マケドニア語: P-гликобелковина" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="P-гликобелковина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="マケドニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-glycoprote%C3%AFne" title="オランダ語: P-glycoproteïne" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="P-glycoproteïne" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="オランダ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoproteina_P" title="ポーランド語: Glikoproteina P" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Glikoproteina P" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ポーランド語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glicoprote%C3%ADna-P" title="ポルトガル語: Glicoproteína-P" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Glicoproteína-P" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ポルトガル語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%B8%D0%BD" title="ロシア語: P-гликопротеин" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="P-гликопротеин" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ロシア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-glikoprotein" title="セルボ・クロアチア語: P-glikoprotein" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="P-glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="セルボ・クロアチア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glikoprotein_P" title="スロベニア語: Glikoprotein P" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glikoprotein P" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="スロベニア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P-glikoprotein" title="セルビア語: P-glikoprotein" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="P-glikoprotein" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="セルビア語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/ABCB1" title="ウクライナ語: ABCB1" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="ABCB1" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ウクライナ語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q412902#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="言語間リンクを編集" class="wbc-editpage">リンクを編集</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="名前空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="本文を閲覧 [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ページ</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%8E%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" rel="discussion" title="本文ページについての議論 [t]" accesskey="t"><span>ノート</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="別の言語に切り替える" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">日本語</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="表示"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA"><span>閲覧</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit" title="このページのソースコードを編集する [e]" accesskey="e"><span>編集</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=history" title="このページの過去の版 [h]" accesskey="h"><span>履歴表示</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="ページツール"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ツール" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ツール</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ツール</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">サイドバーに移動</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" 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lang="ja" dir="ltr"><p><b>P糖タンパク質</b>(Pとうタンパクしつ、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%AA%9E" title="英語">英</a>&#58; <span lang="en">P-glycoprotein, P-gp, Pgp</span>)は、<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E9%87%8F" title="分子量">分子量</a>約18万の<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E9%85%B8%E5%8C%96" title="リン酸化">リン酸化</a><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="タンパク質">タンパク質</a>であり、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E8%86%9C" title="細胞膜">細胞膜</a>上に存在して<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E%E6%AF%92%E6%80%A7" title="細胞毒性">細胞毒性</a>を有する化合物などの細胞外排出を行う。P-gpは<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E5%8B%95%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81#ABC輸送体" title="能動輸送">ABC輸送体</a>のMDR/TAPサブファミリーに属する分子であり、腸や肺、腎臓の<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E4%BD%8D%E5%B0%BF%E7%B4%B0%E7%AE%A1" title="近位尿細管">近位尿細管</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%A1%80%E6%B6%B2%E8%84%B3%E9%96%A2%E9%96%80" title="血液脳関門">血液脳関門</a>の<a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E7%B4%B0%E8%A1%80%E7%AE%A1" title="毛細血管">毛細血管</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%85%E7%9A%AE%E7%B4%B0%E8%83%9E" title="内皮細胞">内皮細胞</a>等に発現している。また、P-gpによる薬物の排出は<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%AC%E5%89%A4%E8%80%90%E6%80%A7" title="薬剤耐性">薬剤耐性</a>の形成に寄与している。P-gpは<b>ABCB1</b>(ATP-binding Cassette Sub-family B Member 1)、あるいは<b>MDR1</b>(Multiple drug resistance 1)とも呼ばれる。細胞表面<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E5%8E%9F" title="抗原">抗原</a>の分類に用いられる<a href="/wiki/CD%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E" title="CD分類">CD分類</a>ではP-gpはCD243と番号が振られている。なお、名称頭文字の"P"はその薬剤透過性を変化させる働きから"Permeability(透過性)"に基づいてつけられた<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概要"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.A6.81"></span>概要</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="節を編集: 概要"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1976年に、多剤耐性関与たんぱく質としてがん細胞から分離された。その後、消化管上皮細胞の管腔側膜に局在することが確認され、血液脳関門、血液精巣関門、血液胎盤関門にも存在したことから、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E4%BD%93%E7%95%B0%E7%89%A9" title="生体異物">生体異物</a>への暴露への防御機能を担う重要なたんぱく質との認識がなされるようになった。ヒトP糖タンパク質の遺伝子<i>MDR1</i>/<i>ABCB1</i>は、1986年に単離され<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>、様々な構造の抗癌剤を細胞外へ排出することが明らかになった<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。その後薬物により誘導されるストレスたんぱく質であることが、抗がん剤や<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%83%B3%E3%83%94%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3" title="リファンピシン">リファンピシン</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%B9%E3%83%94%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="アスピリン">アスピリン</a>などに誘導されることから、明らかになった。<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="機能"><span id=".E6.A9.9F.E8.83.BD"></span>機能</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="節を編集: 機能"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png/250px-Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="250" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png/375px-Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png/500px-Function_of_P-glycoprotein.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>P-gpは細胞膜上にあり、抗がん剤の細胞外排出などに寄与する。</figcaption></figure> <p>P-gpは<i>MDR1</i>/<i>ABCB1</i><a href="/wiki/%E9%81%BA%E4%BC%9D%E5%AD%90" title="遺伝子">遺伝子</a>産物であり、<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%87%E3%83%8E%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3%E4%B8%89%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E9%85%B8" title="アデノシン三リン酸">アデノシン三リン酸</a>(ATP)のエネルギー依存的に<a href="/wiki/%E7%96%8E%E6%B0%B4%E6%80%A7" title="疎水性">疎水性</a>化合物の細胞外排出を行う輸送体タンパク質である。P-gpをコードする遺伝子は7q21に位置し、28個のエキソンから構成される。腫瘍細胞は薬物に曝される事によりP-gpの発現が亢進し、薬剤耐性となる。また、悪性腫瘍細胞でなくともP-gpを発現している細胞もあり、薬物の排出に寄与している。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="構造"><span id=".E6.A7.8B.E9.80.A0"></span>構造</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="節を編集: 構造"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>P-gpは12回膜貫通型の<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA" title="糖タンパク質">糖タンパク質</a>であり、1280個のアミノ酸から構成される。<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%83%9F%E3%83%8E%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="アミノ基">アミノ基</a>側末端及び<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AB%E3%83%AB%E3%83%9C%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%AB%E5%9F%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="カルボキシル基">カルボキシル基</a>側末端は共に細胞内に存在しており、12個ある膜貫通ドメインのうち6つ目と7つ目の間及びカルボキシル基末端にATP結合ドメインを保有している。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="基質"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E8.B3.AA"></span>基質</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="節を編集: 基質"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>P糖タンパク質により排出される物質には以下のようなものがある。 </p> <ul><li>各種<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3%E5%89%A4" class="mw-redirect" title="抗ガン剤">抗ガン剤</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B3%E3%83%AB%E3%83%92%E3%83%81%E3%83%B3" title="コルヒチン">コルヒチン</a>や<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BF%E3%82%AF%E3%83%AD%E3%83%AA%E3%83%A0%E3%82%B9" title="タクロリムス">タクロリムス</a>などの薬剤</li> <li>脂質</li> <li>ペプチド</li> <li>ステロイド</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%93%E3%83%AA%E3%83%AB%E3%83%93%E3%83%B3" title="ビリルビン">ビリルビン</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B7%E5%BF%83%E9%85%8D%E7%B3%96%E4%BD%93" title="強心配糖体">強心配糖体</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%B8%E3%82%B4%E3%82%AD%E3%82%B7%E3%83%B3" title="ジゴキシン">ジゴキシン</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E4%B8%8D%E6%95%B4%E8%84%88%E8%96%AC" title="抗不整脈薬">抗不整脈薬</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%AD%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B8%E3%83%B3" title="キニジン">キニジン</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%A9%E3%83%91%E3%83%9F%E3%83%AB" title="ベラパミル">ベラパミル</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E6%8A%91%E5%88%B6%E5%89%A4" title="免疫抑制剤">免疫抑制剤</a></li> <li>抗<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%92%E3%83%88%E5%85%8D%E7%96%AB%E4%B8%8D%E5%85%A8%E3%82%A6%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB%E3%82%B9" title="ヒト免疫不全ウイルス">HIV</a>薬</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="阻害剤"><span id=".E9.98.BB.E5.AE.B3.E5.89.A4"></span>阻害剤</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="節を編集: 阻害剤"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>P-gpの阻害剤である<a href="/wiki/%E3%82%BE%E3%82%B9%E3%82%AD%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB" title="ゾスキダル">ゾスキダル</a>などは、薬剤耐性を克服し抗がん剤の効果を高める薬剤として治験が行われている。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="出典"><span id=".E5.87.BA.E5.85.B8"></span>出典</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="節を編集: 出典"><span>編集</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Juliano RL, Ling V."A surface glycoprotein modulating drug permeability in Chinese hamster ovary cell mutants" Biochim Biophys Acta. 1976 Nov 11;455(1):152-62 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r101121245">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja1 q,.mw-parser-output .citation.cs-ja2 q{quotes:"「""」""『""』"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:var(--color-success,#3a3);margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><a href="/wiki/PMID_(%E8%AD%98%E5%88%A5%E5%AD%90)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (識別子)">PMID</a>&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/990323/">990323</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Chen, C.-j., Chin, J. E., Ueda, K., Clark, D. P., Pastan, I., Gottesman, M. M., and Roninson, I. B. Internal dupilication and homology with bacterial transport proteins in the mdr1 (P-glycoprotein) gene from multidrug-resistance human cells. Cell, 47: 381-389 (1986)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Ueda, K., Cardarelli, C., Gottesman, M. M., and Pastan, I. Expression of a full-length cDNA for the human "MDR1" gene confers resistance to colchicine, doxorubicin, and vinblastine. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 84: 3004-3008 (1987)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b> <span class="reference-text">Kohji Takara,Masayuki Tsujimotoa,Noriaki Ohnishi,Teruyoshi Yokoyama 『Digoxin Up-Regulates MDR1 in Human Colon Carcinoma Caco-2 Cells 』 Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications Volume 292, Issue 1, 22 March 2002, P.190</span> </li> </ol> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%8A%E5%A0%80%E5%92%8C%E5%8F%8B" title="今堀和友">今堀和友</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%B1%E5%B7%9D%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%AB" title="山川民夫">山川民夫</a> 編集 『生化学辞典 第4版』 東京化学同人 2007年 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/9784807906703" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-8079-0670-3</a></li> <li>Tannock IF,Hill RP,Bristow RG and Harrington L.『がんのベーシックサイエンス 日本語版 第3版』メディカル・サイエンス・インターナショナル 2006年 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/4895924602" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 4-89592-460-2</a></li> <li>田中千賀子、加藤隆一 編集 『NEW薬理学 第4版』 南江堂 2002年 <a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E5%88%A5:%E6%96%87%E7%8C%AE%E8%B3%87%E6%96%99/9784524220830" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-4-524-22083-0</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r96783592">.mw-parser-output .asbox{position:relative;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .asbox table{background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .asbox p{margin:0}.mw-parser-output .asbox p+p{margin-top:0.25em}.mw-parser-output .asbox{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .asbox-note{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .asbox .navbar{position:absolute;top:-0.90em;right:1em;display:none}</style><div role="note" class="metadata plainlinks asbox stub"><table role="presentation"><tbody><tr class="noresize"><td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E3%83%95%E3%82%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%AB:FlattenedRoundPills.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="スタブアイコン" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/FlattenedRoundPills.jpg/48px-FlattenedRoundPills.jpg" decoding="async" width="48" height="36" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/FlattenedRoundPills.jpg/72px-FlattenedRoundPills.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/00/FlattenedRoundPills.jpg/96px-FlattenedRoundPills.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></td><td><p class="asbox-body">この項目は、<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%AC%E5%AD%A6" title="薬学">薬学</a>に関連した<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%96" title="Wikipedia:スタブ">書きかけの項目</a></b>です。<a class="external text" href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=P%E7%B3%96%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E3%83%91%E3%82%AF%E8%B3%AA&amp;action=edit">この項目を加筆・訂正</a>などしてくださる<a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%96%AC%E5%AD%A6%E9%96%A2%E9%80%A3%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B9%E3%82%BF%E3%83%96%E9%A0%85%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:薬学関連のスタブ項目">協力者を求めています</a>(<a href="/wiki/%E3%83%97%E3%83%AD%E3%82%B8%E3%82%A7%E3%82%AF%E3%83%88:%E8%96%AC%E5%AD%A6" title="プロジェクト:薬学">プロジェクト:薬学</a>/<a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6%E3%81%A8%E5%8C%BB%E7%99%82" title="Portal:医学と医療">Portal:医学と医療</a>/<a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="Portal:化学">Portal:化学</a>)。</p></td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r99966302">.mw-parser-output .hlist ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{padding-left:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist li,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt{margin-right:0;display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after{white-space:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist li:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:after{content:" ·\a0 ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-pipe li:after{content:" |\a0 ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen dd:after,.mw-parser-output .hlist-hyphen li:after{content:" -\a0 ";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output 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