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</li> <li class="tabItem marginal" data-related-content="studyMarginals" aria-label="marginal"> <span class="icon"></span> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="navigationContents"> <div id="studyDiscover" class="studyPane active tabContent"> <div class="section"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui"><strong>Overview of Acts</strong></span></h3><div class="summaryOverview"><ul class="content"><li class='scalableui'><div class="overview chapterOnly"> <ul class="outline"><li class="L1 collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><p class="se title"><span class="itemLabel"><strong>M.</strong> </span><strong>Paul’s Imprisonment in Jerusalem (</strong><a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/21#h=149:299-170:0"><strong>21:18–23:35</strong></a><strong>)</strong></p><span class="icon"></span></div><ul><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Paul follows the elders’ counsel (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/21#h=149:299-152:0">21:18-26</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Riot in the temple; Romans arrest Paul (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/21#h=152:0-154:0">21:27-36</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Paul allowed to address the crowd (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/21#h=154:0-155:0">21:37-40</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Paul’s defense before the crowd; he describes his own conversion (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22#h=155:0-159:0">22:1-21</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Paul takes advantage of his Roman citizenship (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22#h=159:0-161:0">22:22-29</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Sanhedrin assembled (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22#h=161:0-162:0">22:30</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Paul speaks before the Sanhedrin (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/23#h=162:0-164:0">23:1-10</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Paul strengthened by the Lord (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/23#h=164:0-165:0">23:11</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Conspiracy to kill Paul (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/23#h=165:0-167:0">23:12-22</a>)</p></li><li class="L2"><p class="s5">Roman soldiers transfer Paul to Caesarea (<a class="outlineItem noTooltips" href="/en/wol/b/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/23#h=167:0-170:0">23:23-35</a>)</p></li></ul></li></ul></div> </li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-1" data-section-citation="044022001044022001"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:1</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/708" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-709"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Php 1:7</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-709" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-709" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p575" data-pid="575" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/573/0">w63 255</a></p> <p id="p576" data-pid="576" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-2" data-section-citation="044022002044022002"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:2</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p4" data-pid="4" class="s5"><strong>in the Hebrew language:</strong> See <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/0/0">study note on Joh 5:2</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1797" data-pid="1797" class="se"></p> <p id="p1798" data-pid="1798" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1779/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> pp. 145-146,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1780/0"> 1071</a></p> <p id="p1799" data-pid="1799" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p536" data-pid="536" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/534/0">it-1 145-146,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/534/2"> 1071;</a></p> <p id="p537" data-pid="537" class="sx"></p> <p id="p576" data-pid="576" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/574/0">ad 104,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/574/1"> 739;</a><span class="ni"> g68 3/22 28</span></p> <p id="p577" data-pid="577" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-3" data-section-citation="044022003044022003"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:3</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p6" data-pid="6" class="s5"><strong>Gamaliel:</strong> A Law teacher mentioned twice in Acts, here and at <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/2/0" data-bid="3-1" class="b">Ac 5:34</a>.—See <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/1/0">study note on Ac 5:34</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/709" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-710"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ro 11:1</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-710" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-710" class="extract"></div></div></li><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/710" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-711"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 21:39</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-711" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-711" class="extract"></div></div></li><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/711" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-712"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 5:34</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-712" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-712" class="extract"></div></div></li><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/712" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-713"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 26:4, 5</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-713" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-713" class="extract"></div></div></li><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/713" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-714"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ga 1:14; Php 3:4-6</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-714" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-714" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1799" data-pid="1799" class="se"></p> <div id="p1800" data-pid="1800"><p data-pid="1800" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1781/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1800" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1781/0">7/15/1996, pp. 26-29</a></p> </div><p id="p1801" data-pid="1801" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p537" data-pid="537" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/535/0">w96 7/15 26-29</a></p> <p id="p538" data-pid="538" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-4" data-section-citation="044022004044022004"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:4</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/714" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-715"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 8:3; 9:1, 2; 26:9-11; 1Ti 1:12, 13</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-715" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-715" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1801" data-pid="1801" class="se"></p> <p id="p1802" data-pid="1802" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1782/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 2<em>,</em> p. 1174</a></p> <p id="p1803" data-pid="1803" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p538" data-pid="538" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/536/0">it-2 1174;</a></p> <p id="p539" data-pid="539" class="sx"></p> <p id="p577" data-pid="577" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/575/0">ad 1649</a></p> <p id="p578" data-pid="578" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-5" data-section-citation="044022005044022005"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:5</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p8" data-pid="8" class="s5"><strong>assembly of elders:</strong> Or “council (body) of elders.” The Greek word <em>pre·sby·teʹri·on</em> used here is related to the term <em>pre·sbyʹte·ros</em> (lit., “older man”), which in the Bible refers primarily to those who hold a position of authority and responsibility in a community or a nation. Although the term sometimes refers to physical age (as at <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/4/0" data-bid="5-1" class="b">Lu 15:25</a> and <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/5/0" data-bid="6-1" class="b">Ac 2:17</a>), it is not limited to those who are elderly. The expression “assembly of elders” here apparently refers to the Sanhedrin, the Jewish high court in Jerusalem, which was made up of the chief priests, the scribes, and the elders. These three groups are often mentioned together.—<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/0" data-bid="7-1" class="b">Mt 16:21;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/1" data-bid="7-2" class="b"> 27:41;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/2" data-bid="7-3" class="b"> Mr 8:31;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/3" data-bid="7-4" class="b"> 11:27;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/4" data-bid="7-5" class="b"> 14:43,</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/5" data-bid="7-6" class="b"> 53;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/6" data-bid="7-7" class="b"> 15:1;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/7" data-bid="7-8" class="b"> Lu 9:22;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/8" data-bid="7-9" class="b"> 20:1</a>; see <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/2/0">study note on Lu 22:66</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group media"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Media</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="scalableui item"><div class="clearfix"><a class="galleryItem" href="/en/wol/gallery/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/1001072151#chapter=22"><img class="studyItemMedia" src="/en/wol/gallery/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/1001072151/thumbnail" data-img-large-src="/en/wol/mp/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/2024/773" ><span class="caption"><p>Saul and Damascus</p> </span></a></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p578" data-pid="578" class="sx"><span class="ni">w44 314</span></p> <p id="p579" data-pid="579" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-6" data-section-citation="044022006044022006"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:6</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/715" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-716"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:3-8; 26:13-15</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-716" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-716" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-8" data-section-citation="044022008044022008"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:8</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p10" data-pid="10" class="s5"><strong>the Nazarene:</strong> See <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/3/0">study note on Mr 10:47</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-9" data-section-citation="044022009044022009"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:9</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p12" data-pid="12" class="s5"><strong>they did not hear the voice:</strong> Or “they did not understand the voice.” At <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/9/0" data-bid="10-1" class="b">Ac 9:3-9</a>, Luke describes Paul’s experience on the road to Damascus. These two accounts taken together give the full picture of what happened. As explained in the <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/4/0">study note on Ac 9:7</a>, the men accompanying Paul heard “the sound of a voice” but apparently did not understand the words spoken. Thus, they did not hear the voice the way Paul did. This is in agreement with how the Greek word for “hear” is used at <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/10/0" data-bid="11-1" class="b">Ac 22:7</a>, where Paul explains that he “heard a voice,” that is, he heard <em>and</em> understood the words. By contrast, those traveling with Paul did not understand the <em>message</em> being conveyed to Paul, perhaps because the voice was muffled or distorted in some way. It is apparently in this sense that “they did not hear the voice.”—Compare <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/11/0" data-bid="12-1" class="b">Mr 4:33;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/11/1" data-bid="12-2" class="b"> 1Co 14:2</a>, where the same Greek word for “hear” could be rendered “to listen” or “to understand.”</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/716" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-717"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:7</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-717" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-717" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1803" data-pid="1803" class="se"></p> <p id="p1804" data-pid="1804" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1783/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> p. 665</a></p> <p id="p1805" data-pid="1805" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1784/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 2<em>,</em> p. 1161</a></p> <p id="p1806" data-pid="1806" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p539" data-pid="539" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/537/0">it-1 665;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/537/2"> it-2 1161;</a></p> <p id="p540" data-pid="540" class="sx"></p> <p id="p579" data-pid="579" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/577/0">w72 159-160;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/577/2"> ad 475,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/577/3"> 1640;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/577/4"> w50 392</a></p> <p id="p580" data-pid="580" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-10" data-section-citation="044022010044022010"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:10</span></h3><div class="group footnote"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Footnotes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item footnote" data-extract-id="verseFootnote-58"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">*</span></span><span class="scalableui"><p id="p263" data-pid="263">Or “must.”</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/717" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-718"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 26:16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-718" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-718" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1806" data-pid="1806" class="se"></p> <div id="p1807" data-pid="1807"><p data-pid="1807" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1785/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1807" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1785/0">10/15/2012, p. 28</a></p> </div><p id="p1808" data-pid="1808" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p540" data-pid="540" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/538/0">w12 10/15 28</a></p> <p id="p541" data-pid="541" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-12" data-section-citation="044022012044022012"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:12</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/718" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-719"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:10</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-719" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-719" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1808" data-pid="1808" class="se"></p> <p id="p1809" data-pid="1809" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1786/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> p. 104</a></p> <p id="p1810" data-pid="1810" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p541" data-pid="541" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/539/0">it-1 104;</a></p> <p id="p542" data-pid="542" class="sx"></p> <p id="p580" data-pid="580" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/578/0">ad 76;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/578/1"> w60 409</a></p> <p id="p581" data-pid="581" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-13" data-section-citation="044022013044022013"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:13</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p14" data-pid="14" class="s5"><strong>regain your sight!:</strong> Lit., “look up!” The Greek word basically means “to direct one’s vision upward” (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/13/0" data-bid="14-1" class="b">Mt 14:19;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/13/1" data-bid="14-2" class="b"> Lu 19:5</a>), but it can also refer to gaining sight for the first time (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/14/0" data-bid="15-1" class="b">Joh 9:11,</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/14/1" data-bid="15-2" class="b"> 15,</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/14/2" data-bid="15-3" class="b"> 18</a>) or to having one’s sight restored (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/15/0" data-bid="16-1" class="b">Mr 10:52;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/15/1" data-bid="16-2" class="b"> Lu 18:42;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/15/2" data-bid="16-3" class="b"> Ac 9:12</a>).</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/719" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-720"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:17, 18</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-720" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-720" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-14" data-section-citation="044022014044022014"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:14</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/720" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-721"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">1Co 9:1; 15:8; Ga 1:15, 16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-721" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-721" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-15" data-section-citation="044022015044022015"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:15</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/721" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-722"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 23:11; 26:16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-722" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-722" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-16" data-section-citation="044022016044022016"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:16</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p16" data-pid="16" class="s5"><strong>wash your sins away by your calling on his name:</strong> A person will have his sins washed away, not by the baptismal water itself, but by calling on the name of Jesus. Doing this involves putting faith in Jesus and demonstrating that faith by Christian works.—<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/17/0" data-bid="18-1" class="b">Ac 10:43;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/17/1" data-bid="18-2" class="b"> Jas 2:14,</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/17/2" data-bid="18-3" class="b"> 18</a>; see <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/5/0">study note on Ro 10:13</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/722" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-723"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">1Co 6:11; 1Jo 1:7; Re 1:5</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-723" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-723" class="extract"></div></div></li><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/723" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-724"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 10:43</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-724" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-724" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p581" data-pid="581" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/579/0">w61 39;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/579/1"> w57 511;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/579/2"> w55 405;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/579/3"> w54 650</a></p> <p id="p582" data-pid="582" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-17" data-section-citation="044022017044022017"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:17</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p18" data-pid="18" class="s5"><strong>I fell into a trance:</strong> For a discussion of the Greek term <em>ekʹsta·sis,</em> here rendered “a trance,” see <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/6/0">study note on Ac 10:10</a>. Some translations of the <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/7/0">Christian Greek Scriptures</a> into Hebrew (referred to as J<sup>14, 17, 22</sup> in <a class="it" href="/en/wol/tc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/0">App. C4</a>) read: “Jehovah’s hand was upon me.” Another translation (referred to as J<sup>18</sup>) reads: “Jehovah’s spirit clothed me.”</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/724" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-725"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:26; Ga 1:18</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-725" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-725" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1810" data-pid="1810" class="se"></p> <p id="p1811" data-pid="1811" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1787/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 2<em>,</em> p. 1159</a></p> <p id="p1812" data-pid="1812" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p542" data-pid="542" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/540/0">it-2 1159;</a></p> <p id="p543" data-pid="543" class="sx"></p> <p id="p582" data-pid="582" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/580/0">ad 1638;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/580/1"> w52 247</a></p> <p id="p583" data-pid="583" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-18" data-section-citation="044022018044022018"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:18</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/725" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-726"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:28, 29</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-726" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-726" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-19" data-section-citation="044022019044022019"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:19</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/726" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-727"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 8:3</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-727" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-727" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1812" data-pid="1812" class="se"></p> <p id="p1813" data-pid="1813" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1788/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> p. 273</a></p> <div id="p1814" data-pid="1814"><p data-pid="1814" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1789/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1814" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1789/0">6/15/2007, p. 17</a></p> </div><p id="p1815" data-pid="1815" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p543" data-pid="543" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/541/0">it-1 273;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/541/2"> w07 6/15 17</a></p> <p id="p544" data-pid="544" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-20" data-section-citation="044022020044022020"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:20</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p20" data-pid="20" class="s5"><strong>your witness:</strong> The Greek term for “witness,” <em>marʹtys,</em> refers to one who observes a deed or an event. From firsthand knowledge, some first-century Christians could bear witness to, or confirm, historical facts about Jesus’ life, death, and resurrection. (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/20/0" data-bid="21-1" class="b">Ac 1:21, 22;</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/20/1" data-bid="21-2" class="b"> 10:40, 41</a>) Those who later put faith in Jesus could bear witness by proclaiming the significance of his life, death, and resurrection. (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/21/0" data-bid="22-1" class="b">Ac 22:15</a>) Speaking to Jesus, Paul used the word in this sense when he called <strong>Stephen</strong> “your witness.” Before the Sanhedrin, Stephen had given a powerful testimony about Jesus. Stephen was also the first to bear witness that he had seen, in a special vision, Jesus returned to heaven and standing at the right hand of God, as prophesied at <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/22/0" data-bid="23-1" class="b">Ps 110:1</a>. (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/23/0" data-bid="24-1" class="b">Ac 7:55, 56</a>) Christian witnessing often meant facing opposition, arrest, beatings, and even death, as in the case of Stephen, James, and others. Accordingly, the Greek term <em>marʹtys</em> later came to signify “one who witnesses at the cost of his life, martyr,” that is, one who suffers death rather than renounce his faith. In this sense, Stephen became the first Christian martyr, whose <strong>blood . . . was being spilled</strong> because of the testimony he gave about Christ.—See <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/8/0">study note on Ac 1:8</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/727" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-728"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 7:58; 8:1; 1Ti 1:13, 15</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-728" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-728" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1815" data-pid="1815" class="se"></p> <div id="p1816" data-pid="1816"><p data-pid="1816" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1790/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1816" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1790/0">6/15/2007, p. 17</a></p> </div><p id="p1817" data-pid="1817" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p544" data-pid="544" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/542/0">w07 6/15 17</a></p> <p id="p545" data-pid="545" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-21" data-section-citation="044022021044022021"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:21</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/728" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-729"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:15; 13:2; Ro 1:5; 11:13; Ga 2:7; 1Ti 2:7</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-729" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-729" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1817" data-pid="1817" class="se"></p> <div id="p1818" data-pid="1818"><p data-pid="1818" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1791/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1818" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1791/0">8/1/1987, p. 13</a></p> </div><p id="p1819" data-pid="1819" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p545" data-pid="545" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/543/0">w87 8/1 13;</a></p> <p id="p546" data-pid="546" class="sx"></p> <p id="p583" data-pid="583" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/581/0">w66 150;</a><span class="ni"> bf 440;</span><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/581/2"> w51 377</a></p> <p id="p584" data-pid="584" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-22" data-section-citation="044022022044022022"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:22</span></h3><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p584" data-pid="584" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/582/0">w73 214</a></p> <p id="p585" data-pid="585" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-23" data-section-citation="044022023044022023"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:23</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/729" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-730"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">2Sa 16:13</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-730" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-730" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-24" data-section-citation="044022024044022024"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:24</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p22" data-pid="22" class="s5"><strong>military commander:</strong> The Greek term <em>khi·liʹar·khos</em> (chiliarch) literally means “ruler of a thousand,” that is, soldiers. It refers to a Roman military commander called a tribune. (See <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/9/0">study note on Joh 18:12</a>.) In about 56 C.E., Claudius Lysias was the military commander of the Jerusalem garrison. (<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/25/0" data-bid="26-1" class="b">Ac 23:22,</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/25/1" data-bid="26-2" class="b"> 26</a>) As recounted in <a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/26/0" data-bid="27-1" class="b">Acts chapters 21-24</a>, he was the one who rescued Paul both from the street mob and from the rioting Sanhedrin and who wrote a letter of explanation to Governor Felix when Paul was secretly taken to Caesarea.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1819" data-pid="1819" class="se"></p> <p id="p1820" data-pid="1820" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1792/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> p. 272</a></p> <div id="p1821" data-pid="1821"><p data-pid="1821" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1793/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1821" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1793/0">12/15/2001, pp. 21-22</a></p><p data-pid="1821" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1794/0">6/15/1990, p. 23</a></p> </div><p id="p1822" data-pid="1822" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p546" data-pid="546" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/544/0">it-1 272;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/544/2"> w01 12/15 21-22;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/544/4"> w90 6/15 23;</a></p> <p id="p547" data-pid="547" class="sx"></p> <p id="p585" data-pid="585" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/583/0">ad 203</a></p> <p id="p586" data-pid="586" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-25" data-section-citation="044022025044022025"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:25</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p24" data-pid="24" class="s5"><strong>the army officer:</strong> Or “the centurion.” A <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/10/0">centurion</a> was in command of about 100 soldiers in the Roman army.</p> <p id="p25" data-pid="25" class="s5"><strong>a Roman:</strong> That is, a Roman citizen. This is the second of three recorded instances in which Paul made use of his rights as a Roman citizen. Roman authorities usually interfered little in Jewish affairs. However, the Romans got involved in Paul’s case not only because a riot erupted when he visited the temple but also because he was a Roman citizen. Citizenship afforded a person certain privileges that were recognized and honored throughout the empire. It was illegal, for example, to bind or beat an uncondemned Roman, since such treatment was considered fit for slaves only.—For the other two occasions, see <a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/11/0">study notes on Ac 16:37;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1001070711/12/0"> 25:11</a>.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group footnote"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Footnotes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item footnote" data-extract-id="verseFootnote-59"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">*</span></span><span class="scalableui"><p id="p264" data-pid="264">Or “who has not had a trial?”</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/730" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-731"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 16:37, 38; 23:27</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-731" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-731" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1822" data-pid="1822" class="se"></p> <p id="p1823" data-pid="1823" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1795/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> pp. 272,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1796/0"> 473</a></p> <p id="p1824" data-pid="1824" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1797/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 2<em>,</em> p. 819</a></p> <div id="p1825" data-pid="1825"><p data-pid="1825" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1798/0"><em>The Watchtower,</em></a></p><p data-pid="1825" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1798/0">3/1/2015, p. 12</a></p><p data-pid="1825" class="sk"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1799/0">12/15/2001, p. 22</a></p> </div><p id="p1826" data-pid="1826" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p547" data-pid="547" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/545/0">it-1 272,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/545/2"> 473;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/545/4"> it-2 819;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/545/6"> w15 3/1 12;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/545/8"> w01 12/15 22;</a></p> <p id="p548" data-pid="548" class="sx"></p> <p id="p586" data-pid="586" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/584/0">ad 203,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/584/1"> 352;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/584/2"> w53 491</a></p> <p id="p587" data-pid="587" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-26" data-section-citation="044022026044022026"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:26</span></h3><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p587" data-pid="587" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/585/0">ad 352</a></p> <p id="p588" data-pid="588" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-27" data-section-citation="044022027044022027"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:27</span></h3><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p588" data-pid="588" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/586/0">ad 352</a></p> <p id="p589" data-pid="589" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-28" data-section-citation="044022028044022028"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:28</span></h3><div class="studyNoteGroup"><ul class="content"><li class="item studyNote" data-extract-id=""><span class="scalableui"><p id="p27" data-pid="27" class="s5"><strong>purchased these rights as a citizen:</strong> Or “purchased this citizenship.” As this account shows, under certain circumstances, it was possible to obtain Roman citizenship for a sum of money. Paul told Claudius Lysias that he (Paul) had the rights as a citizen <strong>by birth,</strong> which indicates that one of Paul’s male ancestors must have acquired citizenship. There were other ways to acquire Roman citizenship. An individual or even the entire free population of a city or district could receive a form of it as an award from the emperor. A slave could gain it after he bought his freedom from or was set free by a Roman citizen. A veteran of the auxiliary forces who was discharged from the Roman army would be granted it. And a person could also inherit citizenship. It is unlikely that there were many Roman citizens who lived in Judea in the first century C.E. Only in the third century C.E. were all provincial subjects given Roman citizenship.</p> </span></li></ul></div><div class="group media"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Media</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="scalableui item"><div class="clearfix"><a class="galleryItem" href="/en/wol/gallery/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/1001072266#chapter=22"><img class="studyItemMedia" src="/en/wol/gallery/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/1001072266/thumbnail" data-img-large-src="/en/wol/mp/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/2024/911" ><span class="caption"><p>Roman Citizenship</p> </span></a></div></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/731" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-732"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 16:37</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-732" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-732" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1826" data-pid="1826" class="se"></p> <p id="p1827" data-pid="1827" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1800/0"><em>Bearing Witness,</em> p. 184</a></p> <p id="p1828" data-pid="1828" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1801/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> pp. 473,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1802/0"> 476-477,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1803/0"> 870</a></p> <p id="p1829" data-pid="1829" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1804/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 2<em>,</em> p. 585</a></p> <p id="p1830" data-pid="1830" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p548" data-pid="548" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/546/0">bt 184;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/546/2"> it-1 473,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/546/4"> 476-477,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/546/6"> 870;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/546/8"> it-2 585;</a></p> <p id="p549" data-pid="549" class="sx"></p> <p id="p589" data-pid="589" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/587/0">ad 352,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/587/1"> 355,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/587/2"> 1276;</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/587/3"> w65 712</a></p> <p id="p590" data-pid="590" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-29" data-section-citation="044022029044022029"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:29</span></h3><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/732" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-733"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 25:16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-733" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-733" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1830" data-pid="1830" class="se"></p> <p id="p1831" data-pid="1831" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1805/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 1<em>,</em> pp. 272,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1806/0"> 473,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1807/0"> 477</a></p> <p id="p1832" data-pid="1832" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p549" data-pid="549" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/547/0">it-1 272,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/547/3"> 473,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/547/5"> 477;</a></p> <p id="p550" data-pid="550" class="sx"></p> <p id="p590" data-pid="590" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/588/0">ad 352,</a><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200020044/588/1"> 355</a></p> <p id="p591" data-pid="591" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div><div class="section" data-key="44-22-30" data-section-citation="044022030044022030"><h3 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:30</span></h3><div class="group media"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Media</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="scalableui item"><div class="clearfix"><a class="galleryItem" href="/en/wol/gallery/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/1001072070#chapter=22"><img class="studyItemMedia" src="/en/wol/gallery/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/1001072070/thumbnail" data-img-large-src="/en/wol/mp/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/2024/600" ><span class="caption"><p>The Sanhedrin</p> </span></a></div></li></ul></div><div class="group marginal"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Marginal References</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item collapsible marginal marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/733" data-extract-id="verseMarginal-734"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="scalableui">+</span></span><span class="icon"></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Mt 10:17, 18; Lu 21:12</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-734" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="verseMarginal-734" class="extract"></div></div></li></ul></div><div class="group index collapsible collapsed"><div class="header"><span class="marker"><span class="icon"></span></span><span class="icon"></span><h4 class="title"><span class="scalableui">Indexes</span></h4></div><ul class="content"><li class="item ref-rsg" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Research Guide</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p1832" data-pid="1832" class="se"></p> <p id="p1833" data-pid="1833" class="su"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1204434/1808/0"><em>Insight,</em> Volume 2<em>,</em> p. 542</a></p> <p id="p1834" data-pid="1834" class="se"></p> </span></li><li class="item ref-dx" data-extract-id=""><div class="subtitle">Publications Index</div><span class="scalableui"><p id="p550" data-pid="550" class="sx"><a href="/en/wol/pc/r1/lp-e/1200270044/548/0">it-2 542</a></p> <p id="p551" data-pid="551" class="sx"></p> </span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <div id="studyParallel" class="studyPane tabContent"> <div class="section"> <h3 class="title">Parallel Translations</h3> <div class="helpText">Click a verse number to display parallel Bible verses.</div> <div class="parallel"> <div class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div> <div class="extract"></div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="studyMarginals" class="studyPane tabContent"> <div class="section marginalsGeneral"><h3 class="title"><span class="sectionIcon"></span><span class="scalableui">General</span></h3><div class="content categorizedMarginal"><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/708/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-709-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:1</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Php 1:7</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-709-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-709-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/709/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-710-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:3</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ro 11:1</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-710-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-710-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/710/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-711-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:3</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 21:39</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-711-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-711-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/711/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-712-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:3</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 5:34</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-712-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-712-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/712/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-713-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:3</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 26:4, 5</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-713-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-713-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/713/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-714-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:3</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ga 1:14; Php 3:4-6</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-714-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-714-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/714/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-715-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:4</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 8:3; 9:1, 2; 26:9-11; 1Ti 1:12, 13</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-715-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-715-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/715/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-716-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:6</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:3-8; 26:13-15</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-716-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-716-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/716/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-717-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:9</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:7</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-717-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-717-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/717/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-718-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:10</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 26:16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-718-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-718-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/718/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-719-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:12</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:10</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-719-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-719-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/719/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-720-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:13</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:17, 18</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-720-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-720-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/720/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-721-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:14</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">1Co 9:1; 15:8; Ga 1:15, 16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-721-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-721-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/721/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-722-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:15</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 23:11; 26:16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-722-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-722-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/722/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-723-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:16</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">1Co 6:11; 1Jo 1:7; Re 1:5</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-723-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-723-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/723/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-724-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:16</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 10:43</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-724-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-724-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/724/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-725-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:17</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:26; Ga 1:18</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-725-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-725-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/725/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-726-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:18</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:28, 29</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-726-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-726-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/726/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-727-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:19</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 8:3</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-727-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-727-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/727/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-728-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:20</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 7:58; 8:1; 1Ti 1:13, 15</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-728-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-728-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/728/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-729-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:21</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 9:15; 13:2; Ro 1:5; 11:13; Ga 2:7; 1Ti 2:7</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-729-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-729-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/729/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-730-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:23</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">2Sa 16:13</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-730-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-730-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/730/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-731-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:25</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 16:37, 38; 23:27</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-731-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-731-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/731/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-732-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:28</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 16:37</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-732-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-732-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/732/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-733-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:29</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Ac 25:16</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-733-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-733-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div><div><div><div class="item collapsible marginalExpander collapsed" data-src="/en/wol/marginalreference/r1/lp-e/nwtsty/44/22/733/1" data-extract-id="categorizedMarginal-734-1"><div class="header"><span class="icon"></span><span class="source"><span class="scalableui">Acts 22:30</span></span><span class="marginal title"><span class="scalableui">Mt 10:17, 18; Lu 21:12</span></span></div><div class="content"><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-734-1" class="loading hidden"><span class="icon"></span></div><div data-extract-target-id="categorizedMarginal-734-1" class="extract"></div></div></div></div></div></div></div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div id="studyPaneGalleryModel" class="jwac showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr"> <div id="galleryModalContainer" class="underlay full fadeOut"> <div id="galleryModal"> <div 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id="documentCitationInformation"> <div>New World Translation of the Holy Scriptures (Study Edition)</div> <div>Acts 22:1-30</div> </div> <div id="content" class="content"> <div class="articlePositioner" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> <div id="banner" class="documentBanner showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr"> </div> <article id="article" class="article bible html5 pub-nwtsty jwac showRuby ml-E ms-ROMAN dir-ltr includeSecondaryNav" lang="en" data-lang="E" dir="ltr" role="article"> <div class="scalableui"> <header> <h1>Acts of Apostles</h1> </header> <p id="p155" data-pid="155" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-1-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27797" class="cl vx vp"><strong>22</strong> </a>“Men, brothers and fathers, hear my defense to you now.”<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/708" data-bid="709-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-2-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27798" class="vl vx vp study">2 </a>Well, when they heard that he was addressing them in the Hebrew language, they kept all the more silent, and he said: </span><span id="v44-22-3-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27799" class="vl vx vp study">3 </a>“I am a Jew,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/709" data-bid="710-1" class="b">+</a> born in Tarsus of Ci·liʹcia,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/710" data-bid="711-1" class="b">+</a> but educated in this city at the feet of Ga·maʹli·el,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/711" data-bid="712-1" class="b">+</a> instructed according to the strictness of the ancestral Law,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/712" data-bid="713-1" class="b">+</a> and zealous for God just as all of you are this day.<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/713" data-bid="714-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-4-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27800" class="vl vx vp">4 </a>I persecuted this Way to the point of death, binding and handing over to prisons both men and women,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/714" data-bid="715-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-5-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27801" class="vl vx vp study">5 </a>as the high priest and all the assembly of elders can bear witness. From them I also obtained letters to the brothers in Damascus, and I was on my way to bring those who were there in bonds to Jerusalem to be punished.</span></p> <p id="p156" data-pid="156" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-6-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27802" class="vl vp">6 </a>“But as I was traveling and getting near to Damascus, about midday, suddenly out of heaven a great light flashed all around me,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/715" data-bid="716-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-7-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27803" class="vl vp">7 </a>and I fell to the ground and heard a voice say to me: ‘Saul, Saul, why are you persecuting me?’ </span><span id="v44-22-8-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27804" class="vl vx vp study">8 </a>I answered: ‘Who are you, Lord?’ And he said to me: ‘I am Jesus the Naz·a·reneʹ, whom you are persecuting.’ </span><span id="v44-22-9-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27805" class="vl vx vp study">9 </a>Now the men who were with me did see the light, but they did not hear the voice of the one speaking to me.<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/716" data-bid="717-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-10-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27806" class="vl vx vp">10 </a>At that I said: ‘What should<a id="footnotesource58" data-fnid="58" class="fn" href="/en/wol/fn/r1/lp-e/1001070148/57">*</a> I do, Lord?’ The Lord said to me: ‘Rise, go into Damascus, and there you will be told about everything it is appointed for you to do.’<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/717" data-bid="718-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-11-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27807" class="vl vp">11 </a>But since I could not see anything because of the glory of that light, I arrived in Damascus led by the hand of those who were with me.</span></p> <p id="p157" data-pid="157" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-12-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27808" class="vl vx vp">12 </a>“Then a man named An·a·niʹas,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/718" data-bid="719-1" class="b">+</a> a devout man according to the Law, well-reported-on by all the Jews living there, </span><span id="v44-22-13-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27809" class="vl vx vp study">13 </a>came to me. He stood by me and said to me: ‘Saul, brother, regain your sight!’ And that very moment I looked up and saw him.<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/719" data-bid="720-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-14-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27810" class="vl vp">14 </a>He said: ‘The God of our forefathers has chosen you to come to know his will and to see the righteous one<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/720" data-bid="721-1" class="b">+</a> and to hear the voice of his mouth, </span><span id="v44-22-15-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27811" class="vl vp">15 </a>because you are to be a witness for him to all men of the things you have seen and heard.<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/721" data-bid="722-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-16-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27812" class="vl vx vp study">16 </a>And now why are you delaying? Rise, get baptized, and wash your sins<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/722" data-bid="723-1" class="b">+</a> away by your calling on his name.’<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/723" data-bid="724-1" class="b">+</a></span></p> <p id="p158" data-pid="158" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-17-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27813" class="vl vx vp study">17 </a>“But when I had returned to Jerusalem<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/724" data-bid="725-1" class="b">+</a> and was praying in the temple, I fell into a trance </span><span id="v44-22-18-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27814" class="vl vp">18 </a>and saw him saying to me: ‘Hurry up and get out of Jerusalem quickly, because they will not accept your witness concerning me.’<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/725" data-bid="726-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-19-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27815" class="vl vx vp">19 </a>And I said: ‘Lord, they themselves well know that I used to imprison and flog in one synagogue after another those believing in you;<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/726" data-bid="727-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-20-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27816" class="vl vx vp study">20 </a>and when the blood of Stephen your witness was being spilled, I was standing by and approving and guarding the outer garments of those doing away with him.’<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/727" data-bid="728-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-21-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27817" class="vl vx vp">21 </a>And yet he said to me: ‘Go, because I will send you out to nations far away.’”<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/728" data-bid="729-1" class="b">+</a></span></p> <p id="p159" data-pid="159" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-22-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27818" class="vl vx vp">22 </a>Now they kept listening to him down to this word. Then they raised their voices, saying: “Take such a man away from the earth, for he is not fit to live!” </span><span id="v44-22-23-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27819" class="vl vp">23 </a>Because they were crying out, throwing their outer garments about, and tossing dust into the air,<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/729" data-bid="730-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-24-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27820" class="vl vx vp study">24 </a>the military commander ordered Paul to be brought into the soldiers’ quarters and said that he should be interrogated under scourging, so that he could learn exactly why they were shouting against Paul this way. </span><span id="v44-22-25-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27821" class="vl vx vp study">25 </a>But when they had stretched him out for the whipping, Paul said to the army officer standing there: “Is it lawful for you to scourge a Roman who has not been condemned?”<a id="footnotesource59" data-fnid="59" class="fn pr" href="/en/wol/fn/r1/lp-e/1001070148/58">*</a><a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/730" data-bid="731-1" class="b">+</a> </span><span id="v44-22-26-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27822" class="vl vx vp">26 </a>Well, when the army officer heard this, he went to the military commander and reported it, saying: “What are you intending to do? For this man is a Roman.” </span><span id="v44-22-27-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27823" class="vl vx vp">27 </a>So the military commander approached and said to him: “Tell me, are you a Roman?” He said: “Yes.” </span><span id="v44-22-28-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27824" class="vl vx vp study">28 </a>The military commander responded: “I purchased these rights as a citizen for a large sum of money.” Paul said: “But I have them by birth.”<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/731" data-bid="732-1" class="b">+</a></span></p> <p id="p160" data-pid="160" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-29-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27825" class="vl vx vp">29 </a>Immediately, therefore, the men who were about to interrogate him under torture backed away from him; and the military commander became afraid when he realized that he was a Roman and that he had bound him in chains.<a href="/en/wol/bc/r1/lp-e/1001070148/732" data-bid="733-1" class="b">+</a></span></p> <p id="p161" data-pid="161" class="sb"><span id="v44-22-30-1" class="v"><a href="/en/wol/dx/r1/lp-e/1001070148/27826" class="vl vx vp">30 </a>So the next day, because he wanted to know for sure just why he was being accused by the Jews, he released him and commanded the chief priests and all the Sanʹhe·drin to assemble. 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