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href="../zirconium/thermochemistry.html">Zirconium</a></li> </ul> </div> </div>  <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-open pure-menu-horizontal centre" role="navigation" style="background: #000 url(../_media/elements/discharge/Ra.png) repeat-y center; background-size:contain;"> <span><a class="pure-menu-heading" href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/webelements/"><img height="30" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements logo"></a> <a class="white" href="./">Radium - <sub>88</sub>Ra</a>  <audio id="myAudio_f"> <source src="../_media/elements/snds_f/Ra.mp3" type="audio/mpeg">Your user agent does not support the HTML5 Audio element. </audio> <button class="pure-button s_button" style=" display: inline;" type="button" onclick="audf_play_pause()"> 🔊  </button> <script> function audf_play_pause() { var myAudiof = document.getElementById("myAudio_f"); if (myAudiof.paused) { myAudiof.play(); } else { myAudiof.pause(); }} </script></span> </div> </div> </div> <div id="main">  <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <a href="#" class="pure-menu-link pure-menu-heading">▸▸</a> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇬🇧 Radium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇺🇦 Радій</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇨🇳 鐳</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇳🇱 Radium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇫🇷 Radium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇩🇪 Radium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇱 רדיום</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇮🇹 Radio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇯🇵 ラジウム</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇵🇹 Rádio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇪🇸 Radio</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇸🇪 Radium</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">🇷🇺 Радий</li> </ul> </div> </div> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <div class="google_navbar_positioning"> <form action="https://www.google.com" id="cse-search-box"> <div> <input type="hidden" name="cx" value="partner-pub-9334432533380510:6223510783"> <input type="hidden" name="ie" value="UTF-8"> <input type="text" name="q" size="28"> <input type="submit" name="sa" value="Search"> </div> </form> <script> </script> </div> </div> </div> <main> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <h1 class="s">Radium - <sub><small>88</small></sub>Ra: thermochemistry and thermodynamics</h1> <div class="pure-menu pure-menu-horizontal pure-menu-scrollable"> <ul class="pure-menu-list z_menu"> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a href="../radium/" class="pure-menu-link">▸▸ Ra Essentials</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/physics.html">Physical properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/atoms.html">Electron shell data</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/atom_sizes.html">Atom sizes</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/electronegativity.html">Electronegativity</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/isotopes.html" >Isotopes and NMR</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/crystal_structure.html">Crystal structure</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/thermochemistry.html">Thermochemistry</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/history.html">History</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/uses.html">Uses</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/geology.html">Geology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/biology.html">Biology</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/compounds.html">Binary compounds</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/compound_properties.html" >Compound properties</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/chemistry.html">Element reactions</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item s"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="../radium/contents.html">List all Ra properties</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="s" style=" display: inline;"><span id="Temperatures">Temperatures</span></h2> <ul class="spark_table_list"> <li><a href="../periodicity/melting_point/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of melting point in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/melting_point.png" alt="melting points of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Melting point</a>: 973 [700 °C (1292 °F)] K</li> <li><a href="../periodicity/boiling_point/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of boiling point in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/boiling_point.png" alt="boiling points of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Boiling point</a>: 2010 [1737 °C (3159 °F)] K</li> <li><a href="../periodicity/liquid_range/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of the liquid range in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/liquid_range.png" alt="liquid range of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Liquid range</a>: 1037 K </li> <li><a href="../periodicity/critical_temperature/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of critical temperature in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/critical_temperature.png" alt="critical temperatures of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Critical temperature</a>: (no data) K</li> <li><a href="../periodicity/supercon_temp/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of superconduction temperature in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/supercon_temp.png" alt="superconduction temparatures of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Superconduction temperature</a>: (no data) K</li> </ul> <figure><img class="pure-img" src= "../_media/periodicity/tables/periodic_table_heatscape_white/melting_point_heat_w.png" alt="Image showing periodicity of melting point for the chemical elements as colour-coded squares on a periodic table grid." /><figcaption>Image showing periodicity of melting point for the chemical elements as colour-coded squares on a periodic table grid.</figcaption></figure> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1 pure-u-sm-1-1"> <script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script>  <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:block" data-ad-client="ca-pub-9334432533380510" data-ad-slot="4479092381" data-ad-format="auto"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> </div> </div> <h2 class="s" style=" display: inline;">Enthalpies</h2> <ul class="spark_table_list"> <li><a href="../periodicity/enthalpy_fusion/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of fusion enthalpy in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/enthalpy_fusion.png" alt="enthalpy of fusion of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Enthalpy of fusion</a>: about 8 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup></li> <li><a href="../periodicity/enth_vaporisation/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of vaporization enthalpy in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/enth_vaporisation.png" alt="enthalpy of vaporisation of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Enthalpy of vaporisation</a>: about 125 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup></li> <li><a href="../periodicity/enth_atomisation/" title="show definition and view pictures showing periodicity of atomisation enthalpy in the periodic table"><img src="../_media/periodicity/tables/sparktables2/enth_atomisation.png" alt="enthalpy of atomisation of the chemical elements displayed on a miniature periodic table">Enthalpy of atomisation</a>: 159 kJ mol<sup>-1</sup></li> </ul> <h2 class="s">Thermodynamic data</h2> <p class="p_first">This table gives a few <a href="../periodicity/thermodynamics/" title="definitions of terms">thermodynamic data for radium</a>. Most values are those given in the NBS technical notes (reference 1) after conversion from the units used within those notes. Values labelled with an asterisk (*) are Committee on Data for Science and Technology (<a href="http://www.codata.info/">CODATA</a>) agreed values for the thermodynamic properties of key chemical substances (reference 2). These values are published in a number of places including the WWW (reference 3).</p> <div class="table-responsive"> <table class="pure-table pure-table-striped"> <caption></caption> <thead> <tr> <th>State</th> <th>Δ<sub>f</sub>H°</th> <th>Δ<sub>f</sub>G°</th> <th>S°</th> <th>C<sub>p</sub>H</th> <th>H°<sub>298.15</sub>‑H°<sub>0</sub></th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td>Units</td> <td>kJ mol<sup>‑1</sup></td> <td>kJ mol<sup>‑1</sup></td> <td>J K<sup>‑1</sup> mol<sup>‑1</sup></td> <td>J K<sup>‑1</sup> mol<sup>‑1</sup></td> <td>kJ mol<sup>‑1</sup></td> </tr> <tr><td>Solid</td> <td>0</td> <td>0</td> <td>71</td> <td></td> <td></td></tr> <tr><td>Gas</td> <td>159</td> <td>130</td> <td>176.4</td> <td>20.8</td> <td></td></tr> </tbody></table></div> <h3 class="s">Notes</h3> <p>This tables gives a few <a href="../periodicity/thermodynamics/" title="definitions of terms">thermodynamic data</a>. Most values are those given in the NBS technical notes (reference 1) after conversion from the units used within those notes. Values labelled with an asterisk (*) are Committee on Data for Science and Technology (<a href="http://www.codata.info/">CODATA</a>) agreed values for the thermodynamic properties of key chemical substances (reference 2). These values are published in a number of places including the WWW (reference 3).</p> <h3 class="s">References</h3> <ol> <li>R.H. Schumm, D.D. Wagman, S. Bailey, W.H. Evans, and V.B. Parker in National Bureau of Standards (USA) Technical Notes 270-1 to 270-8, 1973.</li> <li><a href="http://www.codata.info/resources/databases/key1.html">http://www.codata.info/resources/databases/key1.html</a></li> <li>J.D. Cox, DD., Wagman, and V.A. Medvedev, <em>CODATA Key Values for Thermodynamics, Hemisphere Publishing Corp.</em>, New York, USA, 1989.</li> </ol> </main> <div id="footer"> <footer> <div class="footer"> <div class="pure-g"> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Key properties</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/eneg_pauling/">Electronegativity </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/melting_point/">Melting point</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/density/">Density </a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/molar_volume/">Molar volume</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/ionis_energy_1/">Ionization energy (1st)</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/covalent_radius/">Covalent radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/metallic_radius/">Metallic radius</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/periodicity/abund_crust/">Abundance: earth's crust</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Shop</li> <li class="pure-menu-item">Sorry, shop closed</li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Social</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.facebook.com/webelements.periodic.table">Facebook</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://twitter.com/periodic_table">Twitter</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.pinterest.com/periodictable/">Pinterest</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="pure-u-1-2 pure-u-sm-1-2 pure-u-lg-1-4 pure-menu custom-restricted-width"> <ul class="pure-menu-list"> <li class="pure-menu-heading footer_h">Administration</li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/your-privacy/" title="Your privacy">Privacy</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/about-webelements/" title="About WebElements">About</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/" title="Copyright information about WebElements">Copyright</a></li> <li class="pure-menu-item"><a class="pure-menu-link" href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/acknowledgements/" title="Acknowledgements">Thanks...</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <address> <p> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/"><img class="logo_m" src="../_media/icons/logo_60.png" alt="WebElements home" /></a><br /> <strong>WebElements:</strong> THE periodic table on the WWW [<a href="https://www.webelements.com/">www.webelements.com</a>]<br /> <a href="https://www.webelements.com/nexus/webelements-and-copyright/">Copyright </a> 1993-2024 <a href="https://winter.group.shef.ac.uk/">Mark Winter</a> [ <a href="https://www.sheffield.ac.uk/chemistry/">The University of Sheffield </a> and WebElements Ltd, UK]. 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