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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Government" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Government"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Government</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Government-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Government subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Government-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Administrative_divisions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Administrative_divisions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Administrative divisions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Administrative_divisions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Ethnicities_and_languages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ethnicities_and_languages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Ethnicities and languages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ethnicities_and_languages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cuisine" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cuisine"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Cuisine</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cuisine-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Tourism subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Landmarks" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Landmarks"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Landmarks</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Landmarks-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Museums" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Museums"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>Museums</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Museums-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transportation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transportation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transportation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transportation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transportation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Airport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Airport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Seaport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Seaport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Seaport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Seaport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Railway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Public transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Trans_Mebidang" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trans_Mebidang"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5.1</span> <span>Trans Mebidang</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trans_Mebidang-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Medan_Electric_Bus" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Medan_Electric_Bus"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5.2</span> <span>Medan Electric Bus</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Medan_Electric_Bus-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Media" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Media"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Media</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Media-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Media subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Media-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.1</span> <span>Television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Radio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Radio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.2</span> <span>Radio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Radio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Newspapers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Newspapers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.3</span> <span>Newspapers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Newspapers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literature" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literature"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10.4</span> <span>Literature</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literature-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Elementary,_middle,_and_high_schools" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Elementary,_middle,_and_high_schools"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Elementary, middle, and high schools</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Elementary,_middle,_and_high_schools-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Universities_and_Colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universities_and_Colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Universities and Colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universities_and_Colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_relations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_relations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>International relations</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle International relations subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-International_relations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Consulates" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Consulates"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.1</span> <span>Consulates</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Consulates-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14.2</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Medan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 92 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-92" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">92 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A8dan" title="Mèdan – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Mèdan" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%B1%D8%A9)" title="ميدان (سومطرة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميدان (سومطرة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9dan" title="Médan – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Médan" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="মেদান – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মেদান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan_Chh%C4%AB" title="Medan Chhī – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Medan Chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Medan" title="Kota Medan – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kota Medan" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мэдан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэдан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan_(Indon%C3%A8sia)" title="Medan (Indonèsia) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Medan (Indonèsia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Indonesya)" title="Medan (kapital sa lalawigan sa Indonesya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Medan (kapital sa lalawigan sa Indonesya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Μεντάν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεντάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medano" title="Medano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Medano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مدان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مدان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan_(st%C3%AAd)" title="Medan (stêd) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Medan (stêd)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%8B%A8" title="메단 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메단" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D5%A4%D5%A1%D5%B6_(%D4%BB%D5%B6%D5%A4%D5%B8%D5%B6%D5%A5%D5%A6%D5%AB%D5%A1)" title="Մեդան (Ինդոնեզիա) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեդան (Ինդոնեզիա)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="मेदान – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मेदान" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Medan" title="Kota Medan – Gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Kota Medan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="Gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Medan" title="Kota Medan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kota Medan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%9F_(%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8)" title="מדן (עיר) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מדן (עיר)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutha_M%C3%A9dan" title="Kutha Médan – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kutha Médan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98_(%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%96%E1%83%98%E1%83%90)" title="მედანი (ინდონეზია) – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მედანი (ინდონეზია)" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medana" title="Medana – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Medana" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medanas" title="Medanas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medanas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Medan" title="Kota Medan – Nias" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Kota Medan" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="Nias" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Medan" title="Kota Medan – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Kota Medan" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%BB" title="മേഡൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മേഡൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8" title="मेदान – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मेदान" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madan" title="Madan – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Madan" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA%E1%80%92%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="မယ်ဒန်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မယ်ဒန်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Fijian" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="Fijian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan_(Indonesi%C3%AB)" title="Medan (Indonesië) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Medan (Indonesië)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%83%80%E3%83%B3" title="メダン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メダン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مدان – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مدان" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med%C3%A3_(Sumatra)" title="Medã (Sumatra) – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Medã (Sumatra)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan,_Indonezia" title="Medan, Indonezia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Medan, Indonezia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D" title="மேடான் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மேடான்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="เมดัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เมดัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Медан – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Медан" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مدان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مدان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E5%85%B0" title="棉兰 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="棉兰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%98%AD" title="棉蘭 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="棉蘭" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A3%89%E8%98%AD" title="棉蘭 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="棉蘭" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bbc mw-list-item"><a href="https://bbc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Medan" title="Kota Medan – Batak Toba" lang="bbc" hreflang="bbc" data-title="Kota Medan" data-language-autonym="Batak Toba" data-language-local-name="Batak Toba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Toba</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_M%C3%A9dan" title="Kota Médan – Betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kota Médan" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="Betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dtp mw-list-item"><a href="https://dtp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Central Dusun" lang="dtp" hreflang="dtp" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Kadazandusun" data-language-local-name="Central Dusun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kadazandusun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="Iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medan" title="Medan – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Medan" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5972#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Medan" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" 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class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Medan&params=03_35_22_N_98_40_26_E_type:city_region:ID-SU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">03°35′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">98°40′26″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.58944°N 98.67389°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">3.58944; 98.67389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital city of North Sumatra, Indonesia</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the city in Indonesia. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Medan_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Medan (disambiguation)">Medan (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Sumatra, Indonesia</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Medan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Regional transcription(s)</th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Jawi_script" title="Jawi script">Jawi</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ميدن</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Batak_script" title="Batak script">Batak</a></th><td class="infobox-data">ᯔᯩᯑᯉ᯳</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Tamil_script" title="Tamil script">Tamil</a></th><td class="infobox-data">மேடான்</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Chinese_characters" title="Chinese characters">Chinese</a></th><td class="infobox-data">棉蘭</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:277px;max-width:277px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:275px;max-width:275px"><div style=";height:125px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Medan_city_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Central business district"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Medan_city_2019.jpg/330px-Medan_city_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="273" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Medan_city_2019.jpg/500px-Medan_city_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Medan_city_2019.jpg/960px-Medan_city_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1304" data-file-height="598" /></a></span></div><div>Skyline of Medan</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:144px;max-width:144px"><div style=";height:94px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Masjid_Raya_Al_Mashun_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Great Mosque of Medan"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Masjid_Raya_Al_Mashun_Medan.jpg/250px-Masjid_Raya_Al_Mashun_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="142" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Masjid_Raya_Al_Mashun_Medan.jpg/330px-Masjid_Raya_Al_Mashun_Medan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Medan" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Medan">Great Mosque of Medan</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:129px;max-width:129px"><div style=";height:94px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Istana_Maimun.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maimun Palace"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Istana_Maimun.jpg/250px-Istana_Maimun.jpg" decoding="async" width="127" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Istana_Maimun.jpg/330px-Istana_Maimun.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3941" data-file-height="2956" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Maimun_Palace" title="Maimun Palace">Maimun Palace</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:138px;max-width:138px"><div style=";height:90px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rumah_tjong_a_fie_medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Tjong A Fie Mansion"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Rumah_tjong_a_fie_medan.jpg/250px-Rumah_tjong_a_fie_medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="136" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2f/Rumah_tjong_a_fie_medan.jpg/330px-Rumah_tjong_a_fie_medan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="333" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion" title="Tjong A Fie Mansion">Tjong A Fie Mansion</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:135px;max-width:135px"><div style=";height:90px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_(Mariamman_Hindu_Temple),_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sri Mariamman Temple"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg/250px-Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="133" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg/330px-Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4869" data-file-height="3302" /></a></span></div><div><a href="/wiki/Sri_Mariamman_Temple,_Medan" title="Sri Mariamman Temple, Medan">Sri Mariamman Temple</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Logo_Kota_Medan_(Seal_of_Medan).svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Medan"><img alt="Coat of arms of Medan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Logo_Kota_Medan_%28Seal_of_Medan%29.svg/120px-Logo_Kota_Medan_%28Seal_of_Medan%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="83" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Logo_Kota_Medan_%28Seal_of_Medan%29.svg/250px-Logo_Kota_Medan_%28Seal_of_Medan%29.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1423" data-file-height="1723" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname: <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Parijs</a> van Sumatra</i> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Dutch_language" title="Dutch language">Dutch</a>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Motto(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname"><i>Bekerja sama dan sama-sama bekerja</i> <br /> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(Working together and everybody work)</span></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lokasi_Sumatra_Utara_Kota_Medan.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Location within North Sumatra"><img alt="Location within North Sumatra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lokasi_Sumatra_Utara_Kota_Medan.svg/250px-Lokasi_Sumatra_Utara_Kota_Medan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/Lokasi_Sumatra_Utara_Kota_Medan.svg/500px-Lokasi_Sumatra_Utara_Kota_Medan.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1133" data-file-height="757" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Location within <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container floatright" style="width: 300px; height: 300px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="300" data-height="300" data-zoom="10" data-lat="3.5894444444444" data-lon="98.673888888889" data-overlays="["_1c7582194f892bd3e84d3b4144dfadb1397015a2"]" href="/wiki/Special:Map/10/3.5894444444444/98.673888888889/en"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,3.5894444444444,98.673888888889,300x300.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Medan&revid=1284421223&groups=_1c7582194f892bd3e84d3b4144dfadb1397015a2" width="300" height="300" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,3.5894444444444,98.673888888889,300x300@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Medan&revid=1284421223&groups=_1c7582194f892bd3e84d3b4144dfadb1397015a2 2x" alt="Map" /></a><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Interactive map of Medan</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indonesia_Sumatra_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medan is located in Sumatra"><img alt="Medan is located in Sumatra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Indonesia_Sumatra_location_map.svg/250px-Indonesia_Sumatra_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="213" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Indonesia_Sumatra_location_map.svg/500px-Indonesia_Sumatra_location_map.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1240" data-file-height="1058" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:21.176%;left:27.826%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Medan"><img alt="Medan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Medan</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Location in <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Sumatra</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indonesia_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Medan is located in Indonesia"><img alt="Medan is located in Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/250px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="96" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/500px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="460" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:16.17%;left:8.881%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Medan"><img alt="Medan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Medan</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Medan (Indonesia)</div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Indonesia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Medan&params=03_35_22_N_98_40_26_E_type:city_region:ID-SU"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">03°35′22″N</span> <span class="longitude">98°40′26″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">3.58944°N 98.67389°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">3.58944; 98.67389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Indonesia" title="Regions of Indonesia">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Province</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_North_Sumatra.svg/22px-Flag_of_North_Sumatra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_North_Sumatra.svg/33px-Flag_of_North_Sumatra.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_North_Sumatra.svg/43px-Flag_of_North_Sumatra.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1050" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1 July 1590</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Rico_Waas" title="Rico Waas">Rico Waas</a> (<a href="/wiki/Nasdem_Party" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasdem Party">Nasdem</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Vice Mayor</th><td class="infobox-data">Zakiyuddin Harahap</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">265.1 km<sup>2</sup> (102.4 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">478 km<sup>2</sup> (185 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,831.97 km<sup>2</sup> (1,093.43 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2.5–37.5 m (8–123 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2023 estimate<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • <a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">City</a></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,494,512 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_population" title="List of Indonesian cities by population">5th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">Urban</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-Demog16th_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demog16th-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">3,632,000 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_population" title="List of Indonesian cities by population">4th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban density</th><td class="infobox-data">7,598/km<sup>2</sup> (19,680/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th><td class="infobox-data">4,744,323 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Indonesia" title="List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia">5th</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,675/km<sup>2</sup> (4,340/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Demonym" title="Demonym">Demonym(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Medanese<br />Medanite</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics<sup id="cite_ref-sumut_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sumut-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <span class="nowrap">Ethnic groups</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><b>Native</b>: <a href="/wiki/Deli_Malay_people" title="Deli Malay people">Malays</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karo_people_(Indonesia)" title="Karo people (Indonesia)">Batak Karo</a></li> <li><b>Majority</b>: <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a></li> <li><b>Others</b>: <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesians" title="Indian Indonesians">Indians</a>, etc.</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Religion (2025)</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1116488514">.mw-parser-output .treeview ul{padding:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .treeview li{padding:0;margin:0;list-style-type:none;list-style-image:none}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li{background:url("https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f2/Treeview-grey-line.png")no-repeat 0 -2981px;padding-left:21px;text-indent:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .treeview li li:last-child{background-position:0 -5971px}.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>.mw-empty-elt:first-child+.emptyline,.mw-parser-output .treeview li.emptyline>ul>li:first-child{background-position:0 9px}</style><div class="treeview"> <ul><li>65.78% <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></li> <li>24.78% <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> <ul><li>20.15% <a href="/wiki/Protestanism" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestanism">Protestant</a></li> <li>4.63% <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church" title="Catholic Church">Catholic</a></li></ul></li> <li>8.79% <a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></li> <li>0.79% <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></li> <li>0.01% Others (incl. <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucianism</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B7" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC+7">UTC+7</a> (<a href="/wiki/Time_in_Indonesia" title="Time in Indonesia">IWST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Indonesia" title="Telephone numbers in Indonesia">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data">(+62) 61</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Indonesia" title="Vehicle registration plates of Indonesia">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">BK</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Nominal <a href="/wiki/Gross_domestic_product" title="Gross domestic product">GDP</a><sup id="cite_ref-sumut_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sumut-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th><td class="infobox-data">2023</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Total</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rupiah" title="Indonesian rupiah">Rp</a> 303.312 trillion (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian cities by GDP">4th</a>)<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 19.899 billion <br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 63,731 billion (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Per capita</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rupiah" title="Indonesian rupiah">Rp</a> 105,908 thousand (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_GDP" title="List of Indonesian cities by GDP">13th</a>)<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 8,043<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/US$" class="mw-redirect" title="US$">US$</a> 25,758 (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Metro</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Indonesian_rupiah" title="Indonesian rupiah">Rp</a> 483.278 trillion<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/USD" class="mw-redirect" title="USD">US$</a> 31.706 billion<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span><a href="/wiki/Int$" class="mw-redirect" title="Int$">Int$</a> 101.544 billion (<a href="/wiki/Purchasing_power_parity" title="Purchasing power parity">PPP</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> - Growth</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6.0%</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Human_Development_Index" title="Human Development Index">HDI</a> (2023)</th><td class="infobox-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.826 (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_provinces_by_Human_Development_Index" title="List of Indonesian provinces by Human Development Index">26th</a>) – <span style="color:#090;">very high</span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pemkomedan.go.id/">pemkomedan<wbr />.go<wbr />.id</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Medan</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">meh-<span style="font-size:90%">DAHN</span></i></a>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Indonesian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="id-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Malay" class="mw-redirect" title="Help:IPA/Malay">[ˈmɛdan]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/2\/24\/Id-Medan.ogg\/Id-Medan.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Id-Medan.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/24/Id-Medan.ogg/Id-Medan.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Id-Medan.ogg" title="File:Id-Medan.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital</a> and largest city of the <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesian</a> <a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">province</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Kumar_Mishra_Avtar_Chakraborty_2021_pp._585–596_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kumar_Mishra_Avtar_Chakraborty_2021_pp._585–596-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The nearby <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Malacca" title="Strait of Malacca">Strait of Malacca</a>, <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Belawan" title="Port of Belawan">Port of Belawan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport" title="Kualanamu International Airport">Kualanamu International Airport</a> make Medan a regional hub and multicultural metropolis, acting as a <a href="/wiki/Financial_centre" title="Financial centre">financial centre</a> for <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> and a gateway to the western part of Indonesia. About 60% of the economy in North Sumatra is backed by trading, agriculture, and processing industries,<sup id="cite_ref-Medan_Business_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Medan_Business-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including exports from its 4 million acres of palm oil plantations. The <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Indonesia" title="Government of Indonesia">National Development Planning Agency</a> listed Medan as one of the <a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Indonesia#Development_regions" title="Regions of Indonesia">four main central cities in Indonesia</a>, alongside <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a>. In terms of population, it is the most populous city in Indonesia outside of the island of Java. Its population as of 2023 is approximately equal to the country of <a href="/wiki/Moldova" title="Moldova">Moldova</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As of the 2020 Census, Medan had a population of 2,435,252 within its <a href="/wiki/City_limits" title="City limits">city limits</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-bps2016_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bps2016-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the official population estimate as of mid 2023 was 2,474,166 - comprising 1,231,673 males and 1,242,493 females.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When the surrounding <a href="/wiki/Urban_area" title="Urban area">urban area</a> is included, the population is over 3.4 million, making it the <a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Indonesia#Built-up_urban_areas" title="List of metropolitan areas in Indonesia">fourth largest urban area in Indonesia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Demographia_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Demographia-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Medan_metropolitan_area" title="Medan metropolitan area">Medan metropolitan area</a>—which includes neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a>, <a href="/wiki/Deli_Serdang_Regency" title="Deli Serdang Regency">Deli Serdang Regency</a>, and a part of <a href="/wiki/Karo_Regency" title="Karo Regency">Karo Regency</a>—is the largest metropolitan area outside of <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, with 4,744,323 residents counted in the 2020 Census.<sup id="cite_ref-mebidangro_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mebidangro-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city was founded at the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Deli_River" title="Deli River">Deli River</a> and the Babura river by a <a href="/wiki/Karo_people_(Indonesia)" title="Karo people (Indonesia)">Karonese</a> man named Guru Patimpus. Then called <i>Kampung Medan Putri</i>, it became part of the <a href="/wiki/Deli_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Deli Sultanate">Deli Sultanate</a>, established in 1632. In the late 19th century, <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies" title="Dutch East Indies">colonial Dutch</a> seeking new plantation areas chose Medan and Deli as plantation hubs to found the <a href="/wiki/Deli_Company" title="Deli Company">Deli Company</a>. Within a few years, the Dutch <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a> trade transformed Medan into an economic hub, earning it the nickname <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Het Land Dollar</i></span> ("the land of the money"). The <a href="/wiki/Deli_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Deli Railway">Deli Railway</a>, established to ship tobacco, <a href="/wiki/Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber">rubber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timber" class="mw-redirect" title="Timber">timber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil_production_in_Indonesia" title="Palm oil production in Indonesia">palm oil</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sugar" title="Sugar">sugar</a> from Medan to the <a href="/wiki/Port_of_Belawan" title="Port of Belawan">Port of Belawan</a> for worldwide export, brought further rapid development to Medan. The city became first the capital of the <a href="/wiki/State_of_East_Sumatra" title="State of East Sumatra">State of East Sumatra</a>, and then the provincial capital of North Sumatra. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The term <i>medan</i> might be derived from the <a href="/wiki/Batak_Karo_language" title="Batak Karo language">Batak Karo</a> word <span title="Batak Karo-language romanization"><i lang="btx-Latn">madan</i></span> (<span title="Batak Karo-language text"><span lang="btx">ᯔᯑᯉ᯳</span></span>), which literally means 'healed', 'blessed', or 'recovered'.<sup id="cite_ref-KB_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KB-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The term is associated with the historical Karo figure and founder of the city, traditional doctor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Guru_Patimpus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Guru Patimpus (page does not exist)">Guru Patimpus</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Guru_Patimpus" class="extiw" title="id:Guru Patimpus">id</a>]</span>. The oldest evidence of this term used to refer to the city dates back to <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> 13th-15th century during the reign of <a href="/wiki/Aru_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Aru Kingdom">Aru</a>, the Karo monarch.<sup id="cite_ref-AR_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Another popular theory suggests that <i>medan</i> is of <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a> origin, literally meaning 'field'. The term <i>medan</i> (<span title="Malay (macrolanguage)-language text"><span lang="ms" dir="rtl">مدان</span></span>) in Malay might be derived from the <a href="/wiki/Malayalam" title="Malayalam">Malayalam</a> word <span title="Malayalam-language romanization"><i lang="ml-Latn">maitānam</i></span> (<span title="Malayalam-language text"><span lang="ml">മൈതാനം</span></span>, 'field'), which is cognate with the <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a> word <span title="Tamil-language romanization"><i lang="ta-Latn">maitāṉ-am</i></span> (<span title="Tamil-language text"><span lang="ta">மைதானம்</span></span>, 'ground').<sup id="cite_ref-MD_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MD-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_(II).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_%28II%29.jpg/250px-Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_%28II%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_%28II%29.jpg/330px-Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_%28II%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_%28II%29.jpg/500px-Monumen_Guru_Patimpus_Sembiring_Pelawi_%28II%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption>Guru Patimpus, the founder of Medan</figcaption></figure> <p>Medan is located in what was once the <a href="/wiki/Aru_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Aru Kingdom">Kingdom of Aru</a>, founded by the Karo people and flourishing between the 13th and 16th centuries.<sup id="cite_ref-Archaeology_Highlands_of_Sumatra-Aru_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Archaeology_Highlands_of_Sumatra-Aru-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A number of archaeological sites survive near Medan, including Kota Rentang, a port settlement in the <a href="/wiki/Hamparan_Perak" title="Hamparan Perak">Hamparan Perak</a> area;<sup id="cite_ref-Kompas-Aru_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kompas-Aru-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Kota Cina, an ancient trading site in <a href="/wiki/Medan_Marelan" title="Medan Marelan">Medan Marelan</a>;<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Benteng Putri Hijau, a fort ruin in <a href="/wiki/Deli_Tua" title="Deli Tua">Deli Tua</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Oetomo_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Oetomo-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the sixteenth century, Guru Patimpus Sembiring Pelawi, a <a href="/wiki/Karo_people_(Indonesia)" title="Karo people (Indonesia)">Karonese</a> man from the <a href="/wiki/Karo_Regency" title="Karo Regency">Karo Regency</a>, converted from <a href="/wiki/Pemena" title="Pemena">Pemena</a> to <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>. While traveling to study under Datuk Kota Bangun, Guru Patimpus met and married the Princess of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pulo_Brayan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pulo Brayan (page does not exist)">Pulo Brayan</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pulo_Brayan" class="extiw" title="id:Pulo Brayan">id</a>]</span>. Accompanied by their two sons, Kolok and Kecik, the couple founded Medan village between the <a href="/wiki/Deli_River" title="Deli River">Deli</a> and Babura Rivers.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In 1632, the <a href="/wiki/Aceh_Sultanate" title="Aceh Sultanate">Aceh Sultanate</a> under <a href="/wiki/Gocah_Pahlawan" title="Gocah Pahlawan">Gocah Pahlawan</a> expanded to include Medan. <a href="/wiki/Perunggit" title="Perunggit">Perunggit</a> succeeded his father in 1669, and declared the <a href="/wiki/Deli_Sultanate" class="mw-redirect" title="Deli Sultanate">Deli Sultanate</a>, including Medan, independent of the Aceh Sultanate. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti" /><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_(1886%3F).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_%281886%3F%29.svg/250px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_%281886%3F%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_%281886%3F%29.svg/330px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_%281886%3F%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_%281886%3F%29.svg/500px-Coat_of_Arms_of_Medan_%281886%3F%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="842" data-file-height="618" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">1886 <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> of Medan, showing a tobacco plant as the charge</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:KITLV_-_78321_-_Kleingrothe,_C.J._-_Medan_-_Coolies_working_in_the_seed_beds_on_a_tobacco_plantation_of_the_Amsterdam_Deli_Company_in_Medan,_Sumatra_-_circa_1900.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/KITLV_-_78321_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Coolies_working_in_the_seed_beds_on_a_tobacco_plantation_of_the_Amsterdam_Deli_Company_in_Medan%2C_Sumatra_-_circa_1900.tif/lossy-page1-200px-thumbnail.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/KITLV_-_78321_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Coolies_working_in_the_seed_beds_on_a_tobacco_plantation_of_the_Amsterdam_Deli_Company_in_Medan%2C_Sumatra_-_circa_1900.tif/lossy-page1-300px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/KITLV_-_78321_-_Kleingrothe%2C_C.J._-_Medan_-_Coolies_working_in_the_seed_beds_on_a_tobacco_plantation_of_the_Amsterdam_Deli_Company_in_Medan%2C_Sumatra_-_circa_1900.tif/lossy-page1-400px-thumbnail.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3162" data-file-height="2020" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Coolie" title="Coolie">Coolies</a> working in the <a href="/wiki/Seedbed" title="Seedbed">seedbeds</a> on a tobacco plantation in Medan, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1900</span></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg/200px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg/300px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg/400px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_De_Sultan_van_Deli_Amaluddin_Sani_Perkasa_Alam_Shah_tijdens_het_verlaten_van_de_Grote_Moskee_op_de_dag_van_zijn_kroning_TMnr_60027930.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="530" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Sultan Amaluddin leaving the <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Medan" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Medan">Great Mosque</a> on his coronation day</div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg/200px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg/300px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg/400px-COLLECTIE_TROPENMUSEUM_Menigte_voor_het_Istana_Maimun_het_paleis_van_de_Sultan_van_Deli_TMnr_60027931.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="532" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption">Crowd in front of <a href="/wiki/Maimun_Palace" title="Maimun Palace">Maimun Palace</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Starting in the 1860s, Dutch authorities began to release new land for tobacco plantations. Said Abdullah Bilsagih, brother-in-law of the Deli Sultan Mahmud Perkasa Alam, persuaded Dutch tobacco merchant <a href="/wiki/Jacob_Nienhuys" title="Jacob Nienhuys">Jacob Nienhuys</a> to move his business from Java to Deli. Dutch merchants Van der Falk and Elliot, and Chinese brothers <a href="/wiki/Tjong_Yong_Hian" title="Tjong Yong Hian">Tjong Yong Hian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tjong_A_Fie" title="Tjong A Fie">Tjong A Fie</a>, were also pioneers of Deli's tobacco industry. In 1867, Nienhuys, Jannsen, P.W. Clemen, and Cremer founded <a href="/wiki/Deli_Company" title="Deli Company">De Deli Maatschappij</a>; in 1869, they moved its head office from <a href="/wiki/Labuhan_Deli" title="Labuhan Deli">Labuhan Deli</a> to Medan. This made Medan a centre of the tobacco trade, which continued to grow with the 1869 opening of the <a href="/wiki/Suez_Canal" title="Suez Canal">Suez Canal</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Sultan_Ma%27mun_Al_Rashid_Perkasa_Alamyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Ma'mun Al Rashid Perkasa Alamyah">Sultan Ma'mun Al Rashid Perkasa Alamyah</a>, who ruled from 1873 to 1924, moved the kingdom's capital to Medan. He became known as the builder of early Medan, finishing the construction of the <a href="/wiki/Maimun_Palace" title="Maimun Palace">Maimun Palace</a> in 1888 and building the <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Medan" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Medan">Great Mosque of Medan</a> in 1907. In 1898, a Dutch businessman named <a href="/wiki/Hotel_de_Boer" title="Hotel de Boer">Aeint Herman de Boer</a> built <a href="/wiki/Hotel_de_Boer" title="Hotel de Boer">Hotel de Boer</a> to accommodate the cruise ships of European tourists which had begun to visit Medan. </p><p>During the 1942 <a href="/wiki/Dutch_East_Indies_campaign" title="Dutch East Indies campaign">Dutch East Indies campaign</a>, the Japanese entered Medan on bicycles and occupied the city. The handover of power was chaotic, but through the use of the <a href="/wiki/Kempetai" class="mw-redirect" title="Kempetai">Kempetai</a>. Locals of Medan were subjected to enforced Japanese language and worship.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Japanese were able to hold the city until <a href="/wiki/Surrender_of_Japan" title="Surrender of Japan">their surrender</a> in 1945. Following that, Medan came under the authority of the <a href="/wiki/South_East_Asia_Command" title="South East Asia Command">South East Asia Command</a> led by British <a href="/wiki/Admiral" title="Admiral">Admiral</a> <a href="/wiki/Louis_Mountbatten,_1st_Earl_Mountbatten_of_Burma" class="mw-redirect" title="Louis Mountbatten, 1st Earl Mountbatten of Burma">Lord Louis Mountbatten</a>. With the <a href="/wiki/Proclamation_of_Indonesian_Independence" title="Proclamation of Indonesian Independence">Proclamation of Indonesian Independence</a> on 17 August, Medan became part of the newly-independent Republic of Indonesia, news announced in Medan on 30 September. </p><p>In October, Allied troops landed in <a href="/wiki/Belawan" class="mw-redirect" title="Belawan">Belawan</a> and marched on Medan. The subsequent conflicts between the Allies and the <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_Army" title="Indonesian Army">Indonesian Army</a> became known as the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Medan" title="Battle of Medan">Battle of Medan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Allies regained control of Medan in April 1946, and in December 1947 the Dutch established the <a href="/wiki/State_of_East_Sumatra" title="State of East Sumatra">State of East Sumatra</a> with Medan as its capital. This became part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_of_Indonesia" title="United States of Indonesia">United States of Indonesia</a> in 1949, and was dissolved into the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Indonesia">Republic of Indonesia</a> in 1950.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Medan continued to grow as a centre of commerce during the reign of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Amaluddin_Al_Sani_Perkasa_Alamsyah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Amaluddin Al Sani Perkasa Alamsyah (page does not exist)">Amaluddin Al Sani Perkasa Alamsyah</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amaluddin_Al_Sani_Perkasa_Alamsyah" class="extiw" title="id:Amaluddin Al Sani Perkasa Alamsyah">id</a>]</span>. Developments of the 1970s, especially <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Natural_rubber" title="Natural rubber">rubber</a> plantations, made Medan the busiest city outside Java, with the <a href="/wiki/Transmigration_program" title="Transmigration program">transmigration program</a> bringing many <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> and <a href="/wiki/Batak" title="Batak">Batak</a> migrants. </p><p>In May 1998, months of student demonstrations in Medan over the <a href="/wiki/1997_Asian_financial_crisis" title="1997 Asian financial crisis">1997 Asian financial crisis</a> turned into <a href="/wiki/May_1998_riots_of_Indonesia" title="May 1998 riots of Indonesia">riots</a> when a student was killed in a clash with security forces. The next day, the mobs became bigger, and many shops and vehicles in the business district (mostly owned by Chinese residents) were burned and looted. As a result, a curfew was imposed for more than two weeks until peace returned.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 5 September 2005, <a href="/wiki/Mandala_Airlines_Flight_091" title="Mandala Airlines Flight 091">Mandala Airlines Flight 091</a> stalled a minute after taking off from Medan's old <a href="/wiki/Polonia_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Polonia International Airport">Polonia International Airport</a> for a flight to Jakarta. The aircraft crashed into a heavily populated residential area along Djamin Ginting road in <i>Padang Bulan</i>. Of the 117 passengers and crews on board, only 17 survived, and an additional 49 civilians on the ground were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-ASN_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ASN-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport" title="Kualanamu International Airport">Kualanamu International Airport</a> was built in <a href="/wiki/Deli_Serdang" class="mw-redirect" title="Deli Serdang">Deli Serdang</a> to replace the old airport, with construction finished in 2012. After the move to the new airport, <a href="/wiki/Height_restriction_laws" title="Height restriction laws">height restriction laws</a> in Medan were relaxed. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medan is in the northeastern part of <a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a> island, in the province of <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a>. The city is a <a href="/wiki/Enclave_and_exclave" title="Enclave and exclave">semi-enclave</a> within Deli Serdang Regency, bordered by that regency on three sides and by the <a href="/wiki/Strait_of_Malacca" title="Strait of Malacca">Strait of Malacca</a> to the north. The natural harbor formed where the <a href="/wiki/Deli_River" title="Deli River">Deli</a> and Babura rivers feed into the straits has contributed to Medan's growth as a trading port.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Medan's elevation varies between 2.5 and 37.5 m (8 ft 2 in and 123 ft 0 in) above sea level, with the <a href="/wiki/Barisan_Mountains" title="Barisan Mountains">Barisan Mountains</a> to the south, and volcanoes such as <a href="/wiki/Sibayak" class="mw-redirect" title="Sibayak">Sibayak</a> Mountain and <a href="/wiki/Sinabung" class="mw-redirect" title="Sinabung">Sinabung</a> Mountain 50 to 70 km (31 to 43 mi) from the city.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medan features a <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest_climate" title="Tropical rainforest climate">tropical rainforest climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Af</i>) with no real <a href="/wiki/Dry_season" title="Dry season">dry season</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its driest month (January) on average sees about one-third the precipitation of its wettest month (October), with a total annual precipitation of about 2,200 mm (87 in). Autumn (September - November) is the rainiest season, and the temperature is still coolest in winter (December and January). Temperatures in the city average approximately 27 °C (81 °F) throughout the year. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Medan (<a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport" title="Kualanamu International Airport">Kualanamu International Airport</a>) (1991–2020 normals) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.0<br />(95.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(93.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1D00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">37.2<br />(99.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.2<br />(88.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.0<br />(89.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.8<br />(91.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.9<br />(91.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF3C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.7<br />(90.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.4<br />(90.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.1<br />(88.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.7<br />(87.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">32.1<br />(89.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.7<br />(80.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.1<br />(80.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.7<br />(81.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.0<br />(82.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.8<br />(82.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF6000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.5<br />(81.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF6100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.3<br />(81.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.9<br />(80.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.8<br />(80.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.5<br />(79.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.4<br />(74.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.1<br />(75.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.4<br />(75.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.5<br />(74.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.7<br />(74.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23.8<br />(74.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9831; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.4<br />(66.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA74F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.2<br />(63.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFAF5F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.1<br />(61.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9C39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.8<br />(65.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9F40; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.3<br />(64.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB367; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.5<br />(59.9) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #39FF39; color:#000000;" class="notheme">132.3<br />(5.21) </td> <td style="background: #6FFF6F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.6<br />(3.45) </td> <td style="background: #3DFF3D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">130.1<br />(5.12) </td> <td style="background: #26FF26; color:#000000;" class="notheme">140.4<br />(5.53) </td> <td style="background: #00CB00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">205.6<br />(8.09) </td> <td style="background: #16FF16; color:#000000;" class="notheme">151.3<br />(5.96) </td> <td style="background: #24FF24; color:#000000;" class="notheme">146.3<br />(5.76) </td> <td style="background: #00C000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">213.1<br />(8.39) </td> <td style="background: #003400; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">297.0<br />(11.69) </td> <td style="background: #004C00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">291.1<br />(11.46) </td> <td style="background: #00B600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">212.8<br />(8.38) </td> <td style="background: #00AA00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">227.8<br />(8.97) </td> <td style="background: #00E300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,235.4<br />(88.01) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days </th> <td style="background: #7979FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.8 </td> <td style="background: #9C9CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #9494FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.6 </td> <td style="background: #8585FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.5 </td> <td style="background: #6262FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.7 </td> <td style="background: #8383FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.7 </td> <td style="background: #8686FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.6 </td> <td style="background: #3131FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.1 </td> <td style="background: #2A2AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">17.2 </td> <td style="background: #3939FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.5 </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">144.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: Starlings Roost Weather<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: Worldwide Bioclimatic Classification System (extremes)<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Medan_old_city_hall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Medan_old_city_hall.jpg/250px-Medan_old_city_hall.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Medan_old_city_hall.jpg/330px-Medan_old_city_hall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Medan_old_city_hall.jpg/500px-Medan_old_city_hall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3159" data-file-height="3597" /></a><figcaption>The former <a href="/wiki/Medan_City_Hall" title="Medan City Hall">Medan City Hall</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Medan was governed by <a href="/wiki/Abdillah_(Indonesian_politician)" title="Abdillah (Indonesian politician)">Abdillah</a> from 2000 until 2008, when he and his vice mayor were caught by the <a href="/wiki/Corruption_Eradication_Commission" title="Corruption Eradication Commission">Corruption Eradication Commission</a>. <a href="/wiki/Syamsul_Arifin" title="Syamsul Arifin">Syamsul Arifin</a>, the governor of North Sumatra Province, appointed <a href="/w/index.php?title=Affifudin_Lubis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Affifudin Lubis (page does not exist)">Affifudin Lubis</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affifudin_Lubis" class="extiw" title="id:Affifudin Lubis">id</a>]</span> as acting mayor, followed by <a href="/wiki/Rahudman_Harahap" title="Rahudman Harahap">Rahudman Harahap</a> after Lubis's 2009 resignation. Harahap resigned in order to run for office in the 2010 mayoral election, leaving Arifin himself to become acting mayor. In 2013, Harahap was also arrested for corruption, and his deputy <a href="/wiki/Dzulmi_Eldin" title="Dzulmi Eldin">Dzulmi Eldin</a> became acting mayor.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Dzulmi_Eldin" title="Dzulmi Eldin">Dzulmi Eldin</a> was elected mayor in 2016,<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and served until his arrest for corruption in 2019. He was replaced by his vice mayor, <a href="/wiki/Akhyar_Nasution" title="Akhyar Nasution">Akhyar Nasution</a>, who served until the end of his term in 2021. </p><p>The current mayor of Medan is <a href="/wiki/Bobby_Nasution" title="Bobby Nasution">Bobby Nasution</a>, with vice mayor <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aulia_Rachman&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aulia Rachman (page does not exist)">Aulia Rachman</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aulia_Rachman" class="extiw" title="id:Aulia Rachman">id</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Administrative_divisions">Administrative divisions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Administrative divisions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg/250px-Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="272" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg/330px-Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg/500px-Peta_Lokasi_Kecamatan_Kota_Medan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2500" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>District divisions of Medan</figcaption></figure> <p>Medan is divided into 21 <a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Indonesia" title="Districts of Indonesia">districts</a> (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">kecamatan</i>), tabulated below with their areas and populations at the 2010 Census,<sup id="cite_ref-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Biro_Pusat_Statistik_2011-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the 2020 Census,<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> together with the official estimates as of mid-2023.<sup id="cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The table also includes the number of urban villages/neighbourhoods (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">kelurahan</i>) in each district, and their postal codes. </p> <table class="sortable wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Kode <br />Wilayah</th> <th>Name of<br />District<br />(<i>kecamatan</i>)</th> <th>Area <br /> in <br />km<sup>2</sup></th> <th>Pop'n<br />Census<br />2010</th> <th>Pop'n<br />Census<br />2020</th> <th>Pop'n<br />Estimate<br />mid 2023</th> <th>No.<br />of<br />villages</th> <th>Postal<br />codes </th></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.07</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Tuntungan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Tuntungan (page does not exist)">Medan Tuntungan</a></td> <td align="right">25.16</td> <td align="right">80,942</td> <td align="right">97,249</td> <td align="right">100,132</td> <td align="center">9</td> <td>20134-20141 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.11</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Johor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Johor (page does not exist)">Medan Johor</a></td> <td align="right">16.73</td> <td align="right">123,851</td> <td align="right">151,756</td> <td align="right">154,868</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20142-20146 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.09</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Amplas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Amplas (page does not exist)">Medan Amplas</a></td> <td align="right">10.65</td> <td align="right">113,143</td> <td align="right">129,726</td> <td align="right">131,770</td> <td align="center">7</td> <td>20147-20149,<br />20219 & 20229 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.04</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Denai&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Denai (page does not exist)">Medan Denai</a></td> <td align="right">9.37</td> <td align="right">141,395</td> <td align="right">169,643</td> <td align="right">171,896</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20226-20228 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Area&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Area (page does not exist)">Medan Area</a></td> <td align="right">4.24</td> <td align="right">96,544</td> <td align="right">117,029</td> <td align="right">118,057</td> <td align="center">12</td> <td>20211-20217 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.01</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Kota" title="Medan Kota">Medan Kota</a></td> <td align="right">5.75</td> <td align="right">72,580</td> <td align="right">84,666</td> <td align="right">84,778</td> <td align="center">12</td> <td>20211-20219 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.15</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Maimun" title="Medan Maimun">Medan Maimun</a></td> <td align="right">3.02</td> <td align="right">39,581</td> <td align="right">49,231</td> <td align="right">49,708</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20151-20159 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.16</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Polonia" title="Medan Polonia">Medan Polonia</a></td> <td align="right">8.77</td> <td align="right">52,794</td> <td align="right">59,915</td> <td align="right">60,679</td> <td align="center">5</td> <td>20152-20157 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.17</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Baru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Baru (page does not exist)">Medan Baru</a></td> <td align="right">5.43</td> <td align="right">39,516</td> <td align="right">36,522</td> <td align="right">36,191</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20153-20156 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.21</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Selayang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Selayang (page does not exist)">Medan Selayang</a></td> <td align="right">16.45</td> <td align="right">98,317</td> <td align="right">103,176</td> <td align="right">104,144</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20131-20133 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.02</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Sunggal" title="Medan Sunggal">Medan Sunggal</a></td> <td align="right">13.26</td> <td align="right">112,744</td> <td align="right">129,063</td> <td align="right">133,273</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20121-20128 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.03</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Helvetia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Helvetia (page does not exist)">Medan Helvetia</a></td> <td align="right">13.05</td> <td align="right">144,257</td> <td align="right">164,910</td> <td align="right">168,292</td> <td align="center">7</td> <td>20123-20126 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.19</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Petisah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Petisah (page does not exist)">Medan Petisah</a></td> <td align="right">5.28</td> <td align="right">61,749</td> <td align="right">71,844</td> <td align="right">72,432</td> <td align="center">7</td> <td>20112-20119 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.05</td> <td><a href="/wiki/West_Medan" title="West Medan">Medan Barat</a></td> <td align="right">6.34</td> <td align="right">70,771</td> <td align="right">88,602</td> <td align="right">89,248</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20111-20117 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.20</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=East_Medan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="East Medan (page does not exist)">Medan Timur</a></td> <td align="right">8.89</td> <td align="right">108,633</td> <td align="right">116,985</td> <td align="right">117,035</td> <td align="center">11</td> <td>20231-20239 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.18</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Perjuangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Perjuangan (page does not exist)">Medan Perjuangan</a></td> <td align="right">4.54</td> <td align="right">93,328</td> <td align="right">103,813</td> <td align="right">105,317</td> <td align="center">9</td> <td>20232-20237 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.14</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan_Tembung&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Medan Tembung (page does not exist)">Medan Tembung</a></td> <td align="right">7.85</td> <td align="right">133,579</td> <td align="right">146,534</td> <td align="right">149,274</td> <td align="center">7</td> <td>20221-20225 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.06</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Deli" title="Medan Deli">Medan Deli</a></td> <td align="right">18.83</td> <td align="right">166,793</td> <td align="right">189,321</td> <td align="right">191,743</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20241-20244 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.13</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Labuhan" title="Medan Labuhan">Medan Labuhan</a></td> <td align="right">35.09</td> <td align="right">111,173</td> <td align="right">133,765</td> <td align="right">135,622</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20251-20254,<br />20524 & 20525 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Marelan" title="Medan Marelan">Medan Marelan</a></td> <td align="right">30.03</td> <td align="right">140,414</td> <td align="right">182,515</td> <td align="right">189,469</td> <td align="center">5</td> <td>20250-20256 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12.71.08</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Medan_Kota_Belawan" title="Medan Kota Belawan">Medan Kota Belawan</a></td> <td align="right">33.27</td> <td align="right">95,506</td> <td align="right">108,987</td> <td align="right">110,238</td> <td align="center">6</td> <td>20411-20415 </td></tr> <tr> <td></td> <td><i><b>Totals</b></i></td> <td align="right"><i>281.99</i></td> <td align="right"><i>2,097,610</i></td> <td align="right"><i>2,435,252</i></td> <td align="right"><i>2,474,166</i></td> <td align="center"><i>151</i></td> <td> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The city centre consists of Medan Petisah, Medan Baru, Medan Polonia, Medan Maimun, Medan Kota, and Medan Barat (West Medan). Medan Labuhan is one of the largest districts by area (together with Medan Belawan and Medan Marelan) and lies in the northern part of the city. Medan Tuntungan serves as the gateway to <a href="/wiki/Karo_Regency" title="Karo Regency">Karo Regency</a>, Medan Helvetia to <a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a> City and Langkat, and Medan Amplas to <a href="/wiki/Tebing_Tinggi" title="Tebing Tinggi">Tebing Tinggi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pematang_Siantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Pematang Siantar">Pematang Siantar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medan is Indonesia's largest city outside <a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a>, and its fourth largest altogether (after <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a>). The population more than quadrupled in less than fifty years, growing from 568,000 in 1968<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to 2.1 million in 2010. As of 2020, Medan had a population of 2,435,252 and the <a href="/wiki/Medan_metropolitan_area" title="Medan metropolitan area">larger metropolitan area</a> had a population of 4,756,863. </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Administrative<br />division </th> <th>Area <br />in km<sup>2</sup> </th> <th>Pop'n<br />Census<br />2010 </th> <th>Pop'n<br />Census<br />2020 </th> <th>Pop'n<br />Estimate<br />mid 2023 </th> <th>Pop'n<br />density<br />2023<br />(/km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>Ref </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;">Medan (City) </td> <td>281.99 </td> <td>2,097,610 </td> <td>2,435,252 </td> <td>2,474,166 </td> <td>8,774 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:0_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a> (City) </td> <td>90.45 </td> <td>246,154 </td> <td>291,842 </td> <td>303,272 </td> <td>3,353 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:0_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Deli_Serdang_Regency" title="Deli Serdang Regency">Deli Serdang Regency</a> </td> <td>2,497.72 </td> <td>1,790,431 </td> <td>1,931,441 </td> <td>2,018,164 </td> <td>808 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:0_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><a href="/wiki/Karo_Regency" title="Karo Regency">Karo Regency</a> (part) </td> <td>234.96 </td> <td>86,244 </td> <td>98,328 </td> <td>101,798 </td> <td>433 </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:0_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:left;"><b>Greater Medan</b> </td> <td><b>3,105.12</b> </td> <td><b>4,220,439</b> </td> <td><b>4,756,863</b> </td> <td><b>4,897,400</b> </td> <td><b>1,577</b> </td> <td><sup id="cite_ref-:0_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Ethnicities_and_languages">Ethnicities and languages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Ethnicities and languages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:none"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Ethnicities of Medan<sup id="cite_ref-leo_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leo-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Ethnic group</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percentage</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Batak" title="Batak">Batak</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#FFA07A; width:34.39%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">34.39%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#800000; width:33.03%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">33.03%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#f90008; width:10.65%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">10.65%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#808000; width:8.60%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">8.60%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay Indonesian">Malays</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#446600; width:6.59%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">6.59%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:#e6ac00; width:2.78%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">2.78%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Black; width:3.96%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">3.96%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>The dominant ethnic groups in Medan are <a href="/wiki/Batak_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Batak (Indonesia)">Batak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a>, with smaller <a href="/wiki/Malay_(ethnic_group)" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay (ethnic group)">Malays</a>, <a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indian_Indonesians" title="Indian Indonesians">Indian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nias_people" title="Nias people">Nias</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sundanese_people" title="Sundanese people">Sundanese</a> populations.<sup id="cite_ref-leo_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-leo-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tortor.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Tortor.jpg/250px-Tortor.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Tortor.jpg/330px-Tortor.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Tortor.jpg/500px-Tortor.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5184" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bataks" class="mw-redirect" title="Bataks">Bataks</a> is the majority ethnic in Medan.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Batak" title="Batak">Bataks</a> in Medan are of three subethnicities. The native <a href="/wiki/Batak_Karo" class="mw-redirect" title="Batak Karo">Karo</a> mostly live in the southern parts of Medan, including Padang Bulan, Medan Johor and Tuntungan. The <a href="/wiki/Toba_Batak_people" title="Toba Batak people">Toba</a>, whom the Dutch employed on their oil palm plantations, live in Marindal and Amplas, or in nearby city centres such as the Medan Perjuangan district. Finally, the <a href="/wiki/Mandailing" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandailing">Mandailing</a>, who migrated to Medan after Indonesian independence in search of job opportunities, mainly live in Medan Tembung. The primary languages spoken by Bataks in Medan are <a href="/wiki/Batak_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Batak language">Batak</a> and <a href="/wiki/Karo_language_(Indonesia)" class="mw-redirect" title="Karo language (Indonesia)">Karo</a>. </p><p>The large <a href="/wiki/Javanese_people" title="Javanese people">Javanese</a> community in Medan is primarily composed of the descendants of people transported from Java in the 19th century to be employed as contract workers at various plantations in <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a>. For the most part, they speak the local dialect of <a href="/wiki/Javanese_language" title="Javanese language">Javanese</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Malay_Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Malay Indonesian">Malays</a> are also natives of Medan, having lived as fishermen in the outskirts of the city since the <a href="/wiki/Aru_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Aru Kingdom">Aru</a> era. Starting in the 18th century, they began to spread throughout the city, with large numbers living in Medan Maimun, Kota Matsum, Labuhan and Belawan and speaking <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>. </p><p>Immigration from southern China to Deli began in the 16th century, and accelerated in the 19th and early 20th centuries as immigrants sought employment as planters and coolies. Medan is home to the largest <a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesians" title="Chinese Indonesians">Chinese</a> population in Sumatra, mostly concentrated around the city centre. Most Chinese people in Medan speak <a href="/wiki/Medan_Hokkien" title="Medan Hokkien">Medan Hokkien</a>, a local dialect, but many also speak <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_Chinese" title="Mandarin Chinese">Mandarin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Teochew_dialect" class="mw-redirect" title="Teochew dialect">Teochew</a>, or <a href="/wiki/Cantonese" title="Cantonese">Cantonese</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_people" title="Minangkabau people">Minangkabau</a> came to Medan since the late of the 19th century. Minangs migration surged from the 1960s to the 1980s, becoming 10.9% of the population and founding <a href="/wiki/Padang_cuisine" title="Padang cuisine">Padang restaurants</a> throughout the city. Most Minangkabau people in Medan speak <a href="/wiki/Minangkabau_language" title="Minangkabau language">Minangkabau</a>. They are mostly concentrated around the city centre, near Central Market (<i>Pajak Sentral</i>), Kota Matsum and Sukaramai.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many <a href="/wiki/Acehnese_people" title="Acehnese people">Acehnese</a> sought sanctuary in Medan after the <a href="/wiki/Insurgency_in_Aceh" title="Insurgency in Aceh">insurgency in Aceh</a> in the late 1970s. They now own a number of <a href="/wiki/Mie_aceh" title="Mie aceh">Mie Aceh</a> restaurants around the Setia Budi and Sunggal areas. Most speak <a href="/wiki/Acehnese_language" title="Acehnese language">Acehnese</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Gayo_language" title="Gayo language">Gayonese</a> is also common. </p><p>Medan also has a substantial <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Indonesian" class="mw-redirect" title="Tamil Indonesian">Tamil Indonesian</a> community. <a href="/wiki/Kampung_Madras" title="Kampung Madras">Kampung Madras</a>, a busy area in the city centre, is well-known as a Tamil neighbourhood. </p><p>The different linguistic communities in Medan communicate in a slang called <i>Bahasa Medan</i> or <i>Dialek Medan</i> (<i>Medanese slang</i>). This dialect of Indonesian includes loanwords from the various local languages, especially Malay. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Religion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,white); color: var(--color-base,black)"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion of Medan – 2025 Census<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;">Religion</td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;">Percent</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Green; width:65.78%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">65.78%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Blue; width:20.15%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">20.15%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Buddhism" title="Buddhism">Buddhism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Yellow; width:8.79%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">8.79%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholic</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Magenta; width:4.63%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">4.63%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Orange; width:0.79%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.79%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:Gray; width:0.01%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.01%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div> <p>Most of Medan's inhabitants are <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Muslim</a>, accounting for approximately 65.78 percent of the population. The substantial <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> demographic (about 25 percent of the total population) includes <a href="/wiki/Catholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic">Catholics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Methodist" class="mw-redirect" title="Methodist">Methodists</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutherans</a>, such as the <a href="/wiki/Batak_Christian_Protestant_Church" title="Batak Christian Protestant Church">Batak Christian Protestant Church</a>. Buddhists make up about 9 percent of the population, and there are smaller <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hindu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Confucianism" title="Confucianism">Confucian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sikhism" title="Sikhism">Sikh</a> communities. Some Bataknese follow traditional religions such as <a href="/wiki/Pemena" title="Pemena">Pemena</a> and <a href="/wiki/Parmalim" title="Parmalim">Parmalim</a>. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Gunung_Timur_Temple" title="Gunung Timur Temple">Gunung Timur Temple</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Hang_Tuah#In_Malaysia" title="Hang Tuah">Jalan Hang Tuah</a>, is Medan's oldest <a href="/wiki/Taoist" class="mw-redirect" title="Taoist">Taoist</a> temple. <a href="/wiki/Maha_Vihara_Maitreya" title="Maha Vihara Maitreya">Maha Vihara Maitreya</a>, on Jalan Cemara Asri, is the largest <a href="/wiki/Buddhist_temple" title="Buddhist temple">Buddhist temple</a> in southeast Asia. The city's oldest church, <a href="/wiki/Medan_Cathedral" class="mw-redirect" title="Medan Cathedral">Medan Cathedral</a>, on Jalan Pemuda, was originally built as <span title="Dutch-language text"><i lang="nl">Indische Kerk</i></span> by the Dutch and Indian community. <a href="/wiki/Sri_Mariamman_Temple,_Medan" title="Sri Mariamman Temple, Medan">Sri Mariamman Temple</a>, on Jalan Zainul Arifin in <a href="/wiki/Kampung_Madras" title="Kampung Madras">Kampung Madras</a>, is the city's oldest Hindu temple, built around 1881; it is surrounded by over a hundred statues of various deities. <a href="/wiki/Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni" title="Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni">Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni</a>, a Catholic church in an Indo-Mogul style, was built on Jalan Sakura III in 2005, dedicated to a <a href="/wiki/Marian_apparition" title="Marian apparition">Marian apparition</a> in 17th century <a href="/wiki/Tamil_Nadu" title="Tamil Nadu">Tamil Nadu</a>. At one point before and during the Japanese occupation of the city, Japanese migrants created a <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a> shrine, <a href="/wiki/Hirohara_Shrine" title="Hirohara Shrine">Hirohara Shrine</a>, to accommodate the increasing worshipers of Japanese residents.<sup id="cite_ref-:9_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:9-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was later rebuilt during the Japanese occupation of the city in 1944 to accommodate the mandatory worship by locals.<sup id="cite_ref-:11_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:11-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The former shrine still stands as the last <a href="/wiki/Shinto_shrine" title="Shinto shrine">Shinto shrine</a> in <a href="/wiki/Southeast_Asia" title="Southeast Asia">Southeast Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:5_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:5-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Great_mosque_in_Medan_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Al-Mashun Great Mosque (Muslim)"><img alt="Al-Mashun Great Mosque (Muslim)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Great_mosque_in_Medan_cropped.jpg/120px-Great_mosque_in_Medan_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2d/Great_mosque_in_Medan_cropped.jpg/250px-Great_mosque_in_Medan_cropped.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1492" data-file-height="1119" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Grand_Mosque_of_Medan" title="Grand Mosque of Medan">Al-Mashun Great Mosque</a> (Muslim)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GPIB_Immanuel_Kota_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="GPIB Immanuel, Medan (Protestant)"><img alt="GPIB Immanuel, Medan (Protestant)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/GPIB_Immanuel_Kota_Medan.jpg/120px-GPIB_Immanuel_Kota_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/GPIB_Immanuel_Kota_Medan.jpg/250px-GPIB_Immanuel_Kota_Medan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">GPIB Immanuel, Medan (Protestant)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vihara_Maitreya.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Maha Vihara Maitreya (Buddhist)"><img alt="Maha Vihara Maitreya (Buddhist)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vihara_Maitreya.jpg/120px-Vihara_Maitreya.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vihara_Maitreya.jpg/180px-Vihara_Maitreya.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Vihara_Maitreya.jpg/240px-Vihara_Maitreya.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4160" data-file-height="3120" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Maha_Vihara_Maitreya" title="Maha Vihara Maitreya">Maha Vihara Maitreya</a> (Buddhist)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_(Mariamman_Hindu_Temple),_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sri Mariamman Temple (Hindu)"><img alt="Sri Mariamman Temple (Hindu)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg/120px-Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="81" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg/250px-Perhimpunan_Shri_Mariamman_%28Mariamman_Hindu_Temple%29%2C_Medan.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4869" data-file-height="3302" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Sri_Mariamman_Temple,_Medan" title="Sri Mariamman Temple, Medan">Sri Mariamman Temple</a> (Hindu)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_Toward_Main_Hall,_Vihara_Gunung_Timur,_Medan,_Sumatra.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gunung Timur Temple (Taoist)"><img alt="Gunung Timur Temple (Taoist)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/View_Toward_Main_Hall%2C_Vihara_Gunung_Timur%2C_Medan%2C_Sumatra.jpg/120px-View_Toward_Main_Hall%2C_Vihara_Gunung_Timur%2C_Medan%2C_Sumatra.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/View_Toward_Main_Hall%2C_Vihara_Gunung_Timur%2C_Medan%2C_Sumatra.jpg/250px-View_Toward_Main_Hall%2C_Vihara_Gunung_Timur%2C_Medan%2C_Sumatra.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="5640" data-file-height="3752" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Gunung_Timur_Temple" title="Gunung Timur Temple">Gunung Timur Temple</a> (Taoist)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni (Catholic)"><img alt="Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni (Catholic)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg/120px-Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg/180px-Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg/240px-Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni_Medan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6832" data-file-height="4558" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Graha_Maria_Annai_Velangkanni" title="Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni">Graha Maria Annai Velangkanni</a> (Catholic)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Hirohara Jinja (formerly Shinto)"><img alt="Hirohara Jinja (formerly Shinto)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg/120px-Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg/180px-Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg/240px-Hirohara_Jinja%27s_Haiden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Hirohara_Shrine" title="Hirohara Shrine">Hirohara Jinja</a> (formerly <a href="/wiki/Shinto" title="Shinto">Shinto</a>)</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_(preview).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_%28preview%29.jpg/250px-Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_%28preview%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="170" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_%28preview%29.jpg/375px-Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_%28preview%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_%28preview%29.jpg/500px-Terminal_Peti_Kemas_Belawan_%28preview%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption>Belawan Container Terminal</figcaption></figure> <p>The Medan metropolitan area was recognized as an Indonesian National Strategic Region (<a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>: <i lang="id">Kawasan Strategis Nasional</i>) by Government Regulation No 28/2008. As a major commercial and economic hub of Indonesia, Medan is a centre for the production and trade of commodities including <a href="/wiki/Cinnamon" title="Cinnamon">cinnamon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tobacco" title="Tobacco">tobacco</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tea" title="Tea">tea</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coffee" title="Coffee">coffee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rubber" class="mw-redirect" title="Rubber">rubber</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Palm_oil" title="Palm oil">palm oil</a>. It also has a growing manufacturing sector, producing goods such as cars, machinery, <a href="/wiki/Tile" title="Tile">tile</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Paper_and_pulp_industry" class="mw-redirect" title="Paper and pulp industry">paper and pulp</a>. </p><p>Medan's location makes it the main hub of international trade in western Indonesia, with exports going to <a href="/wiki/Europe" title="Europe">Europe</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Middle_East" title="Middle East">Middle East</a>. Its trade and tourism businesses have also become essential to the <a href="/wiki/Indonesia%E2%80%93Malaysia%E2%80%93Thailand_Growth_Triangle" title="Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle">Indonesia–Malaysia–Thailand Growth Triangle</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many multinational companies maintain offices in the city, such as <a href="/wiki/Asian_Agri" title="Asian Agri">Asian Agri</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> London Sumatra,<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Musim_Mas" title="Musim Mas">Musim Mas</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Philips" title="Philips">Philips Lighting</a>, <a href="/wiki/PT_Inti_Indorayon_Utama" title="PT Inti Indorayon Utama">Toba Pulp Lestari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marriott_International" title="Marriott International">Marriott</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilmar_International" title="Wilmar International">Wilmar</a>, <a href="/wiki/ABB_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="ABB Group">ABB Group</a> and <a href="/wiki/DBS_Bank" title="DBS Bank">DBS Bank</a>. Rapid development in Medan has resulted in an upward trend in residential property prices.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Medan is one of the major shopping centres of Indonesia, along with Jakarta, <a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a> and <a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a>. Shopping malls in Medan include: </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li>Cambridge City Square</li> <li>Centre Point</li> <li>DeliPark Mall</li> <li>Focal Point</li> <li>Lippo Plaza Mall</li> <li>Manhattan Times Square</li> <li>Medan Mall</li> <li>Plaza Medan Fair</li> <li>Ringroad City Walks</li> <li>Sun Plaza</li> <li>Thamrin Plaza</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cuisine">Cuisine</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Cuisine"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg/250px-Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="255" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg/330px-Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg/500px-Kota_Medan_Night_Stroll107A.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2912" data-file-height="4368" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Food_stall" class="mw-redirect" title="Food stall">Food stall</a> seller in <i>Jalan Selatpanjang</i>, Medan</figcaption></figure> <p>Medan is known as "the culinary heaven of Indonesia" for its variety of ethnic cuisines and prominent street <a href="/wiki/Hawker_(trade)" title="Hawker (trade)">hawkers</a>. Prominent restaurants in Medan include <i>Nelayan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Halal" title="Halal">halal</a>-Chinese seafood and <a href="/wiki/Dim_sum" title="Dim sum">dim sum</a>), <i>Garuda</i> and <i>Uda Sayang</i> (<a href="/wiki/Nasi_Padang" class="mw-redirect" title="Nasi Padang">nasi padang</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gulai" title="Gulai">gulai</a>), <i>Sate Afrizal Amir</i> (<a href="/wiki/Sate_padang" title="Sate padang">sate padang</a>), <i>Cahaya Baru</i> (<a href="/wiki/Chapati" title="Chapati">chapati</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tandoori" class="mw-redirect" title="Tandoori">tandoori</a>), <i>OnDo Batak grill</i> and <i>Tesalonika</i> (<a href="/wiki/Babi_panggang" title="Babi panggang">babi panggang</a> (grilled pork) and <a href="/wiki/Saksang" title="Saksang">saksang</a>), <i>Jalan Selat Panjang</i> and <i>Jalan Semarang</i> (<a href="/wiki/Chinese_Indonesian_cuisine" title="Chinese Indonesian cuisine">Chinese</a> food), <i>Jalan Pagaruyung</i> (<a href="/wiki/Indian_cuisine" title="Indian cuisine">Indian</a> and <a href="/wiki/Malay_cuisine" title="Malay cuisine">Malay</a> food), and <i>Jalan Padan Bulan</i> (<a href="/wiki/Batak_cuisine" title="Batak cuisine">Batak food</a>). Other major culinary destinations in Medan include Merdeka Walk, an outdoor area with a number of restaurants, and Pasar Rame, a daily outdoor market.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The local cuisine in Medan comes from a variety of culinary traditions. <a href="/wiki/Soto_(food)" title="Soto (food)">Soto Medan</a> is a savoury stew of mixed meats and <a href="/wiki/Coconut_milk" title="Coconut milk">coconut milk</a>, usually served with rice and <a href="/wiki/Perkedel" title="Perkedel">perkedel</a>. <a href="/wiki/Bika_ambon" title="Bika ambon">Bika ambon</a>, a popular local cake, is traditionally flavoured with <a href="/wiki/Pandanus" title="Pandanus">pandanus</a>, but can also be found in banana, durian, cheese, and chocolate flavours. <a href="/wiki/Babi_panggang" title="Babi panggang">Babi Panggang Karo</a>, grilled pork dipped in <a href="/wiki/Pig_blood_curd" title="Pig blood curd">blood curd</a>, may be served with <a href="/wiki/Sambal" title="Sambal">sambal</a> <a href="/wiki/Andaliman" class="mw-redirect" title="Andaliman">andaliman</a> made from local peppers. <span title="ISO 7098 Chinese (Chinese language) transliteration"><i lang="zh-Latn">Tau Kua He Ci</i></span> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">豆干虾炸</span></span>) is a local Chinese variant of <a href="/wiki/Rojak" title="Rojak">rojak</a>, made with <a href="/wiki/Fried_prawn" class="mw-redirect" title="Fried prawn">fried prawn</a>, vegetables, <a href="/wiki/Tofu" title="Tofu">tofu</a>, and chili sauce. Medanese <a href="/wiki/Swiss_roll" title="Swiss roll">swiss rolls</a> (<i>Bolu Meranti</i>) and dried anchovies are popular souvenirs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Landmarks">Landmarks</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Landmarks"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Medan" title="List of tallest buildings in Medan">List of tallest buildings in Medan</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_colonial_buildings_in_Medan" title="List of colonial buildings in Medan">List of colonial buildings in Medan</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Skewed_Front_View,_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion,_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Skewed_Front_View%2C_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion%2C_Medan.jpg/250px-Skewed_Front_View%2C_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion%2C_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Skewed_Front_View%2C_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion%2C_Medan.jpg/330px-Skewed_Front_View%2C_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion%2C_Medan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Skewed_Front_View%2C_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion%2C_Medan.jpg/500px-Skewed_Front_View%2C_Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion%2C_Medan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5640" data-file-height="3752" /></a><figcaption>The Tjong A Fie Mansion</figcaption></figure> <p>Many examples of colonial Dutch architecture survive in Medan. Prominent instances include the old <a href="/wiki/Medan_City_Hall" title="Medan City Hall">City Hall</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Medan_Post_Office" title="Medan Post Office">Medan Post Office</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hotel_de_Boer" title="Hotel de Boer">Inna Dharma Deli Hotel</a>, Titi Gantung bridge, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lonsum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lonsum (page does not exist)">Lonsum</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonsum" class="extiw" title="id:Lonsum">id</a>]</span> building, the <a href="/wiki/Tjong_A_Fie_Mansion" title="Tjong A Fie Mansion">Tjong A Fie Mansion</a>, the <a href="/wiki/A.V.R.O.S." class="mw-redirect" title="A.V.R.O.S.">A.V.R.O.S.</a> building, the Warenhuis building, and the <a href="/wiki/Tirtanadi_Water_Tower" title="Tirtanadi Water Tower">Tirtanadi Water Tower</a>. </p><p>The Sultan of Deli (whose position is now purely ceremonial) still lives in <a href="/wiki/Maimoon_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Maimoon Palace">Maimoon Palace</a>, built 1887-1891. The <a href="/wiki/Great_Mosque_of_Medan" class="mw-redirect" title="Great Mosque of Medan">Great Mosque of Medan</a>, built in 1906, was designed in a Moroccan style by the Dutch architect A.J. Dingemans.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Museums">Museums</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Museums"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg/250px-Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg/330px-Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg/500px-Museum_Negeri_Sumatera_Utara_Medan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="683" /></a><figcaption>The North Sumatra Museum</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra_Museum" title="North Sumatra Museum">North Sumatra Museum</a>, located south of the city's centre, was formally opened in April 1982 by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daoed_Joesoef&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daoed Joesoef (page does not exist)">Daoed Joesoef</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daoed_Joesoef" class="extiw" title="id:Daoed Joesoef">id</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education_and_Culture_(Indonesia)" title="Ministry of Education and Culture (Indonesia)">Minister of Education and Culture</a>. The museum's collection centres around artefacts of North Sumatran ethnic groups. </p><p>The Bukit Barisan Museum is a military museum opened by Brigade General <a href="/w/index.php?title=Leo_Lopulisa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Leo Lopulisa (page does not exist)">Leo Lopulisa</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leo_Lopulisa" class="extiw" title="id:Leo Lopulisa">id</a>]</span> on 21 June 1971. Located at 8 Jalan H. Zainul Arifin, the museum houses a number of historic weapons used in the <a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Government_of_the_Republic_of_Indonesia" title="Revolutionary Government of the Republic of Indonesia">1958 revolt in North Sumatra</a>, and displays paintings of the rebellion against the Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Rahmat_International_Wildlife_Museum_%26_Gallery" title="Rahmat International Wildlife Museum & Gallery">Rahmat International Wildlife Museum & Gallery</a>, which opened in 1999, is considered the city's outstanding <a href="/wiki/Taxidermy" title="Taxidermy">taxidermy</a> collection. It is located on Jalan Letjen S. Parman No.309.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transportation">Transportation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airport">Airport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Airport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport" title="Kualanamu International Airport">Kualanamu International Airport</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KNO_Medan_apron.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/KNO_Medan_apron.JPG/250px-KNO_Medan_apron.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/KNO_Medan_apron.JPG/330px-KNO_Medan_apron.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/KNO_Medan_apron.JPG/500px-KNO_Medan_apron.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport" title="Kualanamu International Airport">Kualanamu International Airport</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport" title="Kualanamu International Airport">Kualanamu International Airport</a> (KNO) opened on 25 July 2013 as a replacement for the <a href="/wiki/Soewondo_Air_Force_Base" title="Soewondo Air Force Base">Polonia Airport</a>. Located 39 km (24 mi) from downtown Medan, it is Indonesia's first airport with <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_Airport_Rail_Link" title="Kualanamu Airport Rail Link">a direct rail link</a> to the city. The airport has a 224,298 m<sup>2</sup> (2,414,324 sq ft) passenger terminal, and serves as a hub for <a href="/wiki/Garuda_Indonesia" title="Garuda Indonesia">Garuda Indonesia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia_AirAsia" title="Indonesia AirAsia">Indonesia AirAsia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lion_Air" title="Lion Air">Lion Air</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susi_Air" title="Susi Air">Susi Air</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wings_Air" title="Wings Air">Wings Air</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with direct domestic flights to many major cities in Sumatra, as well as Java-international flights to locations abroad including <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Seaport">Seaport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Seaport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Belawan" class="mw-redirect" title="Belawan">Belawan</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_(preview).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_%28preview%29.jpg/250px-Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_%28preview%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="149" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_%28preview%29.jpg/330px-Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_%28preview%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_%28preview%29.jpg/500px-Terminal_Penumpang_Bandar_Deli_%28preview%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="421" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Bandar Deli</i> terminal in Belawan</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Belawan" class="mw-redirect" title="Belawan">Port of Belawan</a> is on the northeast coast of Sumatra, 19 km (12 mi) north of Medan and accessible by a railway across the channel south of the island.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Originally built in 1890 for European tobacco exports, the harbour was expanded in 1907 with a new section for Chinese and indigenous traders. </p><p>The growth of northern Sumatra's rubber and palm oil plantations in the early twentieth century brought new developments to the port. Several major berthing facilities were built in the 1920s, and by 1938 the port handled the greatest cargo value of any in the Dutch East Indies. Trade volumes dropped substantially after Indonesian independence, but reached pre-independence levels again in the mid-1960s. A major restructuring in 1985 saw the construction of a container terminal; it almost immediately captured about one-fifth of Indonesia's containerized exports. Major products exported include rubber, palm oil, tea, and coffee.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The current port has two terminals. The first, which handles passengers, offers <a href="/wiki/Ferry" title="Ferry">ferry</a> services to cities including Penang, <a href="/wiki/Langkawi" title="Langkawi">Langkawi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Batam" title="Batam">Batam</a>, Jakarta, and Surabaya. The second, Belawan International Container Terminal (BICT), is used for export and import services, and is one of the largest shipping industry ports in Indonesia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Major roads through Medan include the <a href="/wiki/Trans-Sumatran_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Trans-Sumatran Highway">Trans-Sumatran Highway</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Belmera_Toll_Road" class="mw-redirect" title="Belmera Toll Road">Belmera Toll Road</a>. Other toll roads link the city to the airport, Binjai, and Tebing Tinggi. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railway">Railway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Railway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Medan_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Medan Station">Medan Station</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg/220px-KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg/330px-KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d7/KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg/440px-KRD_Sri_Lelawangsa_departing_Medan_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5685" data-file-height="3790" /></a><figcaption><i><a href="/wiki/Sri_Lelawangsa" title="Sri Lelawangsa">Sri Lelawangsa</a></i> commuter rail departing from Medan station</figcaption></figure> <p>The largest train station in Medan is <a href="/wiki/Medan_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Medan Station">Medan Station</a>. The city also has a number of smaller stations, including Medan Pasar, Pulu Brayan, Titi Papan, Labuhan, and Belawan. Of these, Titi Papan and Pulu Brayan serve exclusively freight trains, while the others also serve passenger trains. </p><p>Express trains run between Medan and cities including <a href="/wiki/Tebing_Tinggi" title="Tebing Tinggi">Tebing Tinggi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pematang_Siantar" class="mw-redirect" title="Pematang Siantar">Pematang Siantar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tanjungbalai_(city)" title="Tanjungbalai (city)">Tanjungbalai</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Rantau_Prapat" title="Rantau Prapat">Rantau Prapat</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_Airport_Railink_Services" class="mw-redirect" title="Kualanamu Airport Railink Services">Kualanamu Airport Railink Services</a> express train runs between Medan Station and <a href="/wiki/Kualanamu_International_Airport_railway_station" title="Kualanamu International Airport railway station">Kualanamu International Airport Station</a>. Other rail lines connect Medan to cities such as <a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belawan" class="mw-redirect" title="Belawan">Belawan</a>. </p><p>An <a href="/wiki/Elevated_railway" title="Elevated railway">elevated railway</a> over several rail lines around Medan avoids level crossings and reduces traffic congestion.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transport">Public transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Public transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Both <a href="/wiki/Auto_rickshaws" class="mw-redirect" title="Auto rickshaws">auto rickshaws</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cycle_rickshaws" class="mw-redirect" title="Cycle rickshaws">cycle rickshaws</a> are widely available in Medan, for a cheap pre-negotiated fare. Ride-sharing services <a href="/wiki/Gojek" title="Gojek">Gojek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Grab_(company)" class="mw-redirect" title="Grab (company)">Grab</a> are also in widespread use. </p><p>While taxis exist, most locals use <a href="/wiki/Share_taxi#Indonesia" title="Share taxi">sudako</a>, Medan's share taxi system. These <a href="/wiki/Minibuses" class="mw-redirect" title="Minibuses">minibuses</a> follow routes indicated by numbers displayed on the vehicle; route maps are not published, instead typically being spread by word-of-mouth. </p><p>Medan and its nearby urban areas have two <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Bus rapid transit system">bus rapid transit systems</a>, <b>Trans Mebidang</b> and <b>Medan Electric Bus</b>, each with several active corridors. </p> <div style="display:inline-table"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Trans_Mebidang">Trans Mebidang</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Trans Mebidang"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Corridor</th> <th>Origin–Destination </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Medan – Binjai </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Medan – Lubuk Pakam </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div style="display:inline-table"> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Medan_Electric_Bus">Medan Electric Bus</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Medan Electric Bus"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th>Corridor</th> <th>Origin–Destination </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td>Pinang Baris – Lapangan Merdeka </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td>Amplas – Lapangan Merdeka </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td>Belawan – Lapangan Merdeka </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td>Medan Tuntungan – Lapangan Merdeka </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td>Tembung – Lapangan Merdeka </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media">Media</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Media"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Television">Television</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medan's television stations include public and private national networks, as well as local channels. <a href="/wiki/TVRI_Sumatera_Utara" class="mw-redirect" title="TVRI Sumatera Utara">TVRI Sumatera Utara</a>, a public station serving North Sumatra, is headquartered in the city. Channels currently available in Medan include: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li>CNN Indonesia</li> <li>TVRI Sumatera Utara</li> <li>Indosiar</li> <li>MNCTV</li> <li>Trans TV</li> <li>ANtv</li> <li>GTV</li> <li>RCTI</li> <li>SCTV</li> <li>tvOne</li> <li>Magna TV HD</li> <li>Metro TV</li> <li>Trans7</li> <li>NET. – 43 UHF</li> <li>iNews – 45 UHF</li> <li>DAAI TV – 49 UHF</li> <li>RTV 53 UHF</li> <li>MYTV – 55 UHF</li> <li>Kompas TV – 59 UHF</li> <li>CTV Network – 61 UHF</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Radio">Radio</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Radio"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Radio_Republik_Indonesia" title="Radio Republik Indonesia">RRI</a> Medan is the only public radio in Medan. Several local languages are also served on the radio, such as Kardopa Radio (in the Batak language), CityRadio FM and A-Radio FM (in the Chinese language) and Symphony FM (in the Malay language). Other popular stations in Medan include <a href="/wiki/Prambors_FM" title="Prambors FM">Prambors FM</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sindo_Trijaya_FM" class="mw-redirect" title="Sindo Trijaya FM">MNC Trijaya FM</a>, <a href="/wiki/I-Radio" title="I-Radio">I-Radio</a>, KISS FM, VISI FM, and Delta FM. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Newspapers">Newspapers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Newspapers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i>Mimbar Umum</i> is Medan's oldest newspaper. Other major newspapers based in Medan include <i><a href="/wiki/Waspada" title="Waspada">Waspada</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Analisa" title="Analisa">Analisa</a></i>, <i>Jurnal Medan</i>, <i>Berita Sore</i>, <i>Harian Global</i>, <i>Harian Medan Bisnis</i>, <i>Sumut Pos</i>, <i>Posmetro Medan</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Sinar_Indonesia_Baru" title="Sinar Indonesia Baru">Sinar Indonesia Baru</a></i>, and <a href="/wiki/Tribun_Network" title="Tribun Network"><i>Tribun Medan</i></a>, as well as national <a href="/wiki/Mandarin_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Mandarin language">Mandarin language</a> newspapers such as <i>Harian Indonesia</i> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">印尼星洲日报</span></span>), <a href="/wiki/International_Daily_News" title="International Daily News"><i>Guo Ji Ri Bao</i></a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">国际日报</span></span>) and <a href="/wiki/Indonesia_Shang_Bao" title="Indonesia Shang Bao"><i>Shangbao</i></a> (<span title="Chinese-language text"><span lang="zh">印尼商报</span></span>) and English newspapers like <i><a href="/wiki/The_Jakarta_Post" title="The Jakarta Post">The Jakarta Post</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literature">Literature</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the 1930s through the 1960s, Medan was the source of a major body of Indonesian literature, known as "Roman Medan". These books usually depicted local life in Medan and surrounding areas of Deli. </p><p>Several romance novel writers grew up in Medan, including <a href="/wiki/Hamka" title="Hamka">Hamka</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Joesoef_Sou%27yb&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Joesoef Sou'yb (page does not exist)">Joesoef Sou'yb</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joesoef_Sou%27yb" class="extiw" title="id:Joesoef Sou'yb">id</a>]</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Tamar_Djaja&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tamar Djaja (page does not exist)">Tamar Djaja</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tamar_Djaja" class="extiw" title="id:Tamar Djaja">id</a>]</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Matu_Mona&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Matu Mona (page does not exist)">Matu Mona</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matu_Mona" class="extiw" title="id:Matu Mona">id</a>]</span>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=A._Damhoeri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A. Damhoeri (page does not exist)">A. Damhoeri</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/A._Damhoeri" class="extiw" title="id:A. Damhoeri">id</a>]</span>.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Football_(soccer)" class="mw-redirect" title="Football (soccer)">Football</a> is one of the most popular sports in Medan, with five local clubs: <a href="/wiki/PSMS_Medan" title="PSMS Medan">Persatuan Sepakbola Medan dan Sekitarnya</a> (known as PSMS Medan), <a href="/wiki/Medan_Jaya" title="Medan Jaya">Medan Jaya</a>, Medan Chiefs, Bintang PSMS and Medan United. <a href="/wiki/Teladan_Stadium" title="Teladan Stadium">Teladan Stadium</a>, Medan's <a href="/wiki/Multi-purpose_stadium" title="Multi-purpose stadium">multi-purpose stadium</a>, is used primarily for football matches. </p><p>Medan also has a <a href="/wiki/Chinese_martial_arts" title="Chinese martial arts">Wushu</a> training centre, Jalan Plaju, and a basketball club, Angsapura Sania. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Healthcare"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Murni_Teguh_Memorial_Hospital_Building.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Murni_Teguh_Memorial_Hospital_Building.jpg/250px-Murni_Teguh_Memorial_Hospital_Building.jpg" decoding="async" width="230" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Murni_Teguh_Memorial_Hospital_Building.jpg/500px-Murni_Teguh_Memorial_Hospital_Building.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>Murni Teguh Hospital</figcaption></figure> <p>Medan has more than 30 registered hospitals, three public and the rest private. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li>Pirngadi General Hospital</li> <li>Adam Malik General Hospital</li> <li>Haji General Hospital</li> <li>St. Elisabeth Hospital</li> <li>Martha Friska Hospital</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Asia" title="Columbia Asia">Columbia Asia</a> Hospital</li> <li>Permata Bunda Hospital</li> <li>Murni Teguh Hospital</li> <li>Advent Hospital</li> <li>Siloam-Dhirga Surya Hospital</li> <li>Imelda Hospital</li> <li>Vina Estetica Hospital</li> <li>Stella Maris Hospital</li> <li>Putri Hijau Military Hospital</li> <li>Mitra Sejati General Hospital</li> <li>Bunda Thamrin Hospital</li> <li>Royal Prima Hospital</li> <li>Methodist Hospital</li> <li>Sumatra Eye Center</li> <li>Eshmun Hospital</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Elementary,_middle,_and_high_schools"><span id="Elementary.2C_middle.2C_and_high_schools"></span>Elementary, middle, and high schools</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Elementary, middle, and high schools"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medan has more than 827 registered <a href="/wiki/Elementary_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Elementary schools">elementary schools</a>, 337 <a href="/wiki/Middle_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle schools">middle schools</a> and 288 <a href="/wiki/High_schools" class="mw-redirect" title="High schools">high schools</a>, including <a href="/wiki/State_ownership" title="State ownership">state-owned</a>, <a href="/wiki/Private_school" title="Private school">private</a>, <a href="/wiki/Religious_school" title="Religious school">religious</a>, and <a href="/wiki/International_school" title="International school">international schools</a>. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chandra_Kumala_School" title="Chandra Kumala School">Chandra Kumala School</a></li> <li>Cinta Budaya School (Chong Wen) (中文学校)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medan_Independent_School" title="Medan Independent School">Medan Independent School</a></li> <li>Methodist High School (2–3) Medan</li> <li>Nanyang Zhi Hui School (南洋之晖学校)</li> <li>Perguruan Santo Thomas Medan</li> <li>Prime One School</li> <li>Singapore Intercultural Schools Medan</li> <li>SMA Negeri 1 Medan (state-owned high school)</li> <li>SMA Negeri 2 Medan (state-owned high school)</li> <li>SMA Negeri 3 Medan (state-owned high school)</li> <li>SMA Negeri 4 Medan (state-owned high school)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SMP_Negeri_18_Medan" title="SMP Negeri 18 Medan">SMP Negeri 18 Medan</a> (state-owned middle school)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutomo_School" title="Sutomo School">Sutomo School</a> (1–2) (蘇東中學)<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telkom_Vocational_School_(Medan)" title="Telkom Vocational School (Medan)">Telkom Vocational School (Medan)</a></li> <li>Yayasan Pendidikan Shafiatul Amaliyah</li> <li>Yayasan Pendidikan Harapan</li> <li>SMK Tritech Informatika Medan</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities_and_Colleges">Universities and Colleges</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Universities and Colleges"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg/250px-Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg/330px-Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg/500px-Kantor_Pusat_Adminitrasi_USU.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Sumatra" title="University of North Sumatra">University of North Sumatra</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Medan's 72 registered universities,<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> academies, polytechnics, and colleges include: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 15em;"> <ul><li>Dharmawangsa University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/HKBP_Nommensen_University" class="mw-redirect" title="HKBP Nommensen University">HKBP Nommensen University</a></li> <li>IT&B Campus</li> <li>Medan State Polytechnic</li> <li>Medan Tourism Academy</li> <li>Mikroskil University</li> <li>Muhammadiyah University of North Sumatra</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelita_Harapan_University" title="Pelita Harapan University">Pelita Harapan University</a></li> <li>Prima University</li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_Medan" title="State University of Medan">State University of Medan</a><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>STBA-PIA (亚洲-国际友好学院)</li> <li>STIE Eka Prasetya</li> <li>Universitas Darma Agung (UDA)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Universitas_Methodist_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Universitas Methodist Indonesia">Universitas Methodist Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_North_Sumatra" title="University of North Sumatra">University of North Sumatra</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>University of Pembangunan Panca Budi</li> <li>Technology Institute of Medan</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="International_relations">International relations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: International relations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Consulates">Consulates</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: Consulates"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Medan hosts consulates from foreign countries,<sup id="cite_ref-Perpustakaan_Nasional_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Perpustakaan_Nasional-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115" /><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 22em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (Consulate-General)<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Denmark</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> (Consulate-General)<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (Consulate-General)<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a> (Consulate-General)<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Netherlands.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Netherlands" title="Netherlands">Netherlands</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/40px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/60px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Norway" title="Norway">Norway</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/40px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/48/Flag_of_Singapore.svg/60px-Flag_of_Singapore.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a> (Consulate-General)<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/23px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/35px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_Thailand.svg/45px-Flag_of_Thailand.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a> (Honorary Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (Consulate)<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Indonesia" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia">List of twin towns and sister cities in Indonesia</a></div> <p>Medan is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia"><img alt="Malaysia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/George_Town,_Penang" title="George Town, Penang">George Town</a>, <a href="/wiki/Penang_Island_City_Council" title="Penang Island City Council">Penang Island</a>, Malaysia (10 October 1984)<sup id="cite_ref-Michelmann2009_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Michelmann2009-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan"><img alt="Japan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/40px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9e/Flag_of_Japan.svg/60px-Flag_of_Japan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ichikawa,_Chiba" title="Ichikawa, Chiba">Ichikawa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chiba_Prefecture" title="Chiba Prefecture">Chiba Prefecture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a> (4 November 1989)<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/40px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/60px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Gwangju" title="Gwangju">Gwangju</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Jeolla_Province" title="South Jeolla Province">South Jeolla Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a> (24 September 1997)<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chengdu" title="Chengdu">Chengdu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sichuan_Province" class="mw-redirect" title="Sichuan Province">Sichuan Province</a>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a> (17 December 2002)<sup id="cite_ref-ChenduSisterCities_81-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChenduSisterCities-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Milwaukee" title="Milwaukee">Milwaukee</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wisconsin" title="Wisconsin">Wisconsin</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> (30 October 2014)<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main category: <a href="/wiki/Category:People_from_Medan" title="Category:People from Medan">People from Medan</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/32px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/48px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/64px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Indonesia" title="Portal:Indonesia">Indonesia portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medan_metropolitan_area" title="Medan metropolitan area">Medan metropolitan area</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804000805/https://www.teknomuda.com/2017/09/medan-het-parijs-van-sumatra-medan-paris-di-sumatra.html">"Medan Het Parijs van Sumatra, Medan Paris di Sumatra"</a>. <i>Teknomuda</i> (in Indonesian). 2 September 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.teknomuda.com/2017/09/medan-het-parijs-van-sumatra-medan-paris-di-sumatra.html">the original</a> on 4 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Teknomuda&rft.atitle=Medan+Het+Parijs+van+Sumatra%2C+Medan+Paris+di+Sumatra&rft.date=2017-09-02&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.teknomuda.com%2F2017%2F09%2Fmedan-het-parijs-van-sumatra-medan-paris-di-sumatra.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://batakpedia.org/medan-sang-parijs-van-sumatera/">"Medan, Sang Parijs van Sumatera"</a>. <i>BatakPedia</i> (in Indonesian). 7 January 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200704081625/https://batakpedia.org/medan-sang-parijs-van-sumatera/">Archived</a> from the original on 4 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BatakPedia&rft.atitle=Medan%2C+Sang+Parijs+van+Sumatera&rft.date=2020-01-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbatakpedia.org%2Fmedan-sang-parijs-van-sumatera%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2024_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 28 February 2024, <i>Kota Medan Dalam Angka 2024</i> (Katalog-BPS 1102001.1271)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Demog16th-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Demog16th_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">"Demographia World Urban Areas, 16th Annual Edition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. February 2020. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180503021711/http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 3 May 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 June</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Demographia+World+Urban+Areas%2C+16th+Annual+Edition&rft.date=2020-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.demographia.com%2Fdb-worldua.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id/v2/metropolitan/2">"PU-net"</a>. <i>perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200803123136/http://perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id/v2/metropolitan/2">Archived</a> from the original on 3 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id&rft.atitle=PU-net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id%2Fv2%2Fmetropolitan%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sumut-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sumut_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sumut_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBadan_Pusat_Statistik_Sumatra_Utara2024" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Statistics_Indonesia" title="Statistics Indonesia">Badan Pusat Statistik Sumatra Utara</a> (2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sumut.bps.go.id/publication/2024/02/28/a2b9ed5089227612befc7827/provinsi-sumatera-utara-dalam-angka-2024.html">"Provinsi Sumatera Utara Dalam Angka 2024"</a>. Medan: Badan Pusat Statistik.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Provinsi+Sumatera+Utara+Dalam+Angka+2024&rft.place=Medan&rft.pub=Badan+Pusat+Statistik&rft.date=2024&rft.au=Badan+Pusat+Statistik+Sumatra+Utara&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsumut.bps.go.id%2Fpublication%2F2024%2F02%2F28%2Fa2b9ed5089227612befc7827%2Fprovinsi-sumatera-utara-dalam-angka-2024.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kumar_Mishra_Avtar_Chakraborty_2021_pp._585–596-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kumar_Mishra_Avtar_Chakraborty_2021_pp._585–596_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKumarMishraAvtarChakraborty2021" class="citation book cs1">Kumar, Pankaj; Mishra, Binaya Kumar; Avtar, Ram; Chakraborty, Shamik (2021). "Quantifying future water environment using numerical simulations: a scenario-based approach for sustainable groundwater management plan in Medan, Indonesia". <i>Global Groundwater</i>. Elsevier. pp. <span class="nowrap">585–</span>596. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-818172-0.00043-8">10.1016/b978-0-12-818172-0.00043-8</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780128181720" title="Special:BookSources/9780128181720"><bdi>9780128181720</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:230551984">230551984</a>. <q>Medan is the capital city of North Sumatra province.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Quantifying+future+water+environment+using+numerical+simulations%3A+a+scenario-based+approach+for+sustainable+groundwater+management+plan+in+Medan%2C+Indonesia&rft.btitle=Global+Groundwater&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E585-%3C%2Fspan%3E596&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft.date=2021&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A230551984%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fb978-0-12-818172-0.00043-8&rft.isbn=9780128181720&rft.aulast=Kumar&rft.aufirst=Pankaj&rft.au=Mishra%2C+Binaya+Kumar&rft.au=Avtar%2C+Ram&rft.au=Chakraborty%2C+Shamik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Medan_Business-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Medan_Business_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cekindo.com/blog/doing-business-in-medan">"Medan Business: Top Sectors, Economies, Business Setup"</a>. 23 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medan+Business%3A+Top+Sectors%2C+Economies%2C+Business+Setup&rft.date=2021-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cekindo.com%2Fblog%2Fdoing-business-in-medan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/2713/5227/9312/bag-z-74-75-cek__20090130070903__25.doc">"26. Z. Irian Jaya"</a>. <i>bappenas.go.id</i> (Word DOC) (in Indonesian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190705115720/https://www.bappenas.go.id/files/2713/5227/9312/bag-z-74-75-cek__20090130070903__25.doc">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bappenas.go.id&rft.atitle=26.+Z.+Irian+Jaya&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bappenas.go.id%2Ffiles%2F2713%2F5227%2F9312%2Fbag-z-74-75-cek__20090130070903__25.doc&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MMaqCLchf9UC&pg=PT114"><i>Geografi</i></a>. Grasindo. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789797596194" title="Special:BookSources/9789797596194"><bdi>9789797596194</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200805101052/https://books.google.com/books?id=MMaqCLchf9UC&pg=PT114">Archived</a> from the original on 5 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Geografi&rft.pub=Grasindo&rft.isbn=9789797596194&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMMaqCLchf9UC%26pg%3DPT114&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bps2016-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bps2016_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://sumut.bps.go.id/dynamictable/2017/10/03/60/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-jenis-kelamin-dan-kabupaten-kota-sumatera-utara-2011-2016.html">"Jumlah Penduduk menurut Jenis Kelamin dan Kabupaten/Kota Sumatra Utara 2011–2016"</a>. <i>Badan Pusat Statistik Provinsi Sumatra Utara</i> (in Indonesian). 3 October 2017. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190518051911/https://sumut.bps.go.id/dynamictable/2017/10/03/60/jumlah-penduduk-menurut-jenis-kelamin-dan-kabupaten-kota-sumatera-utara-2011-2016.html">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Badan+Pusat+Statistik+Provinsi+Sumatra+Utara&rft.atitle=Jumlah+Penduduk+menurut+Jenis+Kelamin+dan+Kabupaten%2FKota+Sumatra+Utara+2011%E2%80%932016&rft.date=2017-10-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsumut.bps.go.id%2Fdynamictable%2F2017%2F10%2F03%2F60%2Fjumlah-penduduk-menurut-jenis-kelamin-dan-kabupaten-kota-sumatera-utara-2011-2016.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_12-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Badan_Pusat_Statistik_2021_12-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Badan Pusat Statistik, Jakarta, 2021.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Demographia-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Demographia_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">"Demographia World Urban Areas, 14th Annual Edition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. April 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200207210003/http://www.demographia.com/db-worldua.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 7 February 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Demographia+World+Urban+Areas%2C+14th+Annual+Edition&rft.date=2019-04&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.demographia.com%2Fdb-worldua.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mebidangro-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mebidangro_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id/n/metropolitan/2">"PU-net"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190518051906/http://perkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id/n/metropolitan/2">Archived</a> from the original on 18 May 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=PU-net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fperkotaan.bpiw.pu.go.id%2Fn%2Fmetropolitan%2F2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KB-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-KB_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJoustra1907" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Joustra, M. (1907). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.e-hsl.com/sources?sourceID=Joustra+1907"><i>Karo-Bataksch Woordenboek</i></a> [<i>Karo Batak dictionary</i>] (in Dutch).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Karo-Bataksch+Woordenboek&rft.date=1907&rft.aulast=Joustra&rft.aufirst=M.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.e-hsl.com%2Fsources%3FsourceID%3DJoustra%2B1907&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AR-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AR_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPellyR.Kardarmadja1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Pelly, Usman; R., Ratna; Kardarmadja, M. Sunjata (1984). <i>Sejarah sosial daerah Sumatra Utara, Kotamadya Medan</i> [<i>Sociohistory of North Sumatra, Medan Municipality</i>] (in Indonesian). Indonesia: <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Education,_Culture,_Research,_and_Technology" title="Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology">Departemen Pendidikan dan Kebudayaan</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sejarah+sosial+daerah+Sumatra+Utara%2C+Kotamadya+Medan&rft.place=Indonesia&rft.pub=Departemen+Pendidikan+dan+Kebudayaan&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=Pelly&rft.aufirst=Usman&rft.au=R.%2C+Ratna&rft.au=Kardarmadja%2C+M.+Sunjata&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-MD-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-MD_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeuraxa1973" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Meuraxa, Dada (1973). <i>Sejarah kebudayaan suku-suku di Sumatera Utara</i> [<i>Cultural history of tribes in North Sumatra</i>] (in Indonesian). Indonesia: Sasterawan.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sejarah+kebudayaan+suku-suku+di+Sumatera+Utara&rft.place=Indonesia&rft.pub=Sasterawan&rft.date=1973&rft.aulast=Meuraxa&rft.aufirst=Dada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Archaeology_Highlands_of_Sumatra-Aru-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Archaeology_Highlands_of_Sumatra-Aru_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDominik_BonatzJohn_MiksicJ._David_Neidel2009" class="citation book cs1">Dominik Bonatz; <a href="/wiki/John_N._Miksic" title="John N. Miksic">John Miksic</a>; J. David Neidel, eds. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=MusYBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA110"><i>From Distant Tales: Archaeology and Ethnohistory in the Highlands of Sumatra</i></a>. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-0784-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4438-0784-5"><bdi>978-1-4438-0784-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201228142248/https://books.google.com/books?id=MusYBwAAQBAJ&pg=PA110">Archived</a> from the original on 28 December 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=From+Distant+Tales%3A+Archaeology+and+Ethnohistory+in+the+Highlands+of+Sumatra&rft.pub=Cambridge+Scholars+Publishing&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-1-4438-0784-5&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DMusYBwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA110&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kompas-Aru-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Kompas-Aru_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFJuraidi2008" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Juraidi (23 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://entertainment.kompas.com/read/2008/08/23/14084531/menelusuri.jejak.kerajaan.aru">"Menelusuri Jejak Kerajaan Aru"</a>. <i>Kompas.com</i> (in Indonesian). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170917215211/http://entertainment.kompas.com/read/2008/08/23/14084531/menelusuri.jejak.kerajaan.aru">Archived</a> from the original on 17 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kompas.com&rft.atitle=Menelusuri+Jejak+Kerajaan+Aru&rft.date=2008-08-23&rft.au=Juraidi&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fentertainment.kompas.com%2Fread%2F2008%2F08%2F23%2F14084531%2Fmenelusuri.jejak.kerajaan.aru&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.semedan.com/2016/01/museum-kota-cina-situs-awal-perdagangan-penting-di-pantai-timur-sumatera-abad-xi.html">"Museum Kota Cina, Situs Awal Perdagangan Penting di Pantai Timur Sumatera Abad XI"</a>. <i>SeMedan.com</i> (in Indonesian). 3 January 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170714092651/https://www.semedan.com/2016/01/museum-kota-cina-situs-awal-perdagangan-penting-di-pantai-timur-sumatera-abad-xi.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 July 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=SeMedan.com&rft.atitle=Museum+Kota+Cina%2C+Situs+Awal+Perdagangan+Penting+di+Pantai+Timur+Sumatera+Abad+XI&rft.date=2016-01-03&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.semedan.com%2F2016%2F01%2Fmuseum-kota-cina-situs-awal-perdagangan-penting-di-pantai-timur-sumatera-abad-xi.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Oetomo-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Oetomo_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRepelita_Wahyu_Oetomo2014" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Repelita Wahyu Oetomo (8 June 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170128044042/http://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpcbaceh/2014/06/08/benteng-putri-hijau-berdasarkan-data-sejarah-dan-arkeologis/">"Benteng Putri Hijau Berdasarkan Data Sejarah dan Arkeologi"</a> (in Indonesian). Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://kebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id/bpcbaceh/2014/06/08/benteng-putri-hijau-berdasarkan-data-sejarah-dan-arkeologis/">the original</a> on 28 January 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 May</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Benteng+Putri+Hijau+Berdasarkan+Data+Sejarah+dan+Arkeologi&rft.date=2014-06-08&rft.au=Repelita+Wahyu+Oetomo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkebudayaan.kemdikbud.go.id%2Fbpcbaceh%2F2014%2F06%2F08%2Fbenteng-putri-hijau-berdasarkan-data-sejarah-dan-arkeologis%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:11-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:11_22-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:11_22-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaito1977" class="citation book cs1">Saito, Shizuo (1 March 1977). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/en/title/673871439"><i>私の軍政記 : インドネシア独立前夜</i></a>. Japan Indonesia Association. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/673871439">673871439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%E7%A7%81%E3%81%AE%E8%BB%8D%E6%94%BF%E8%A8%98+%3A+%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E3%83%89%E3%83%8D%E3%82%B7%E3%82%A2%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E5%89%8D%E5%A4%9C&rft.pub=Japan+Indonesia+Association&rft.date=1977-03-01&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F673871439&rft.aulast=Saito&rft.aufirst=Shizuo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsearch.worldcat.org%2Fen%2Ftitle%2F673871439&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReid2014" class="citation cs2">Reid, Anthony (2014), <i>The Blood of the People: Revolution & the End of Traditional Rule in Northern Sumatra</i>, Singapore: NUS Press, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-9971-69-637-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-9971-69-637-5"><bdi>978-9971-69-637-5</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Blood+of+the+People%3A+Revolution+%26+the+End+of+Traditional+Rule+in+Northern+Sumatra&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pub=NUS+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=978-9971-69-637-5&rft.aulast=Reid&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFSaid1973" class="citation journal cs1">Said, H. Mohammed (April 1973). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/53556/INDO_15_0_1107128614_145_186.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">"What was the Social Revolution of 1946 in East Sumatra"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Indonesia</i>. <b>15</b> (15). Cornell University: Indonesia Southeast Asia Program Publications: 153. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F3350795">10.2307/3350795</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hdl_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hdl (identifier)">hdl</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://hdl.handle.net/1813%2F53556">1813/53556</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3350795">3350795</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181030170542/https://ecommons.cornell.edu/bitstream/handle/1813/53556/INDO_15_0_1107128614_145_186.pdf?sequence=1&isAllowed=y">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 30 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indonesia&rft.atitle=What+was+the+Social+Revolution+of+1946+in+East+Sumatra&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=15&rft.pages=153&rft.date=1973-04&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1813%2F53556&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3350795%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F3350795&rft.aulast=Said&rft.aufirst=H.+Mohammed&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fecommons.cornell.edu%2Fbitstream%2Fhandle%2F1813%2F53556%2FINDO_15_0_1107128614_145_186.pdf%3Fsequence%3D1%26isAllowed%3Dy&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKahin1970" class="citation book cs1">Kahin, George McTurnan (1970). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=h4B_AQAACAAJ"><i>Nationalism and Revolution in Indonesia</i></a>. Cornell University Press. pp. 225, <span class="nowrap">461–</span>463. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8014-9108-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-8014-9108-8"><bdi>0-8014-9108-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512053834/https://books.google.com/books?id=h4B_AQAACAAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 12 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 October</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Nationalism+and+Revolution+in+Indonesia&rft.pages=225%2C+%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E461-%3C%2Fspan%3E463&rft.pub=Cornell+University+Press&rft.date=1970&rft.isbn=0-8014-9108-8&rft.aulast=Kahin&rft.aufirst=George+McTurnan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dh4B_AQAACAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFShenon1994" class="citation news cs1">Shenon, Philip (24 April 1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/24/world/rioters-attack-ethnic-chinese-in-indonesia.html">"Rioters Attack Ethnic Chinese In Indonesia"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Honorary+Consulate+of+Belgium+in+Medan&rft.pub=Federal+Public+Service+Foreign+Affairs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fembassy-finder.com%2Fbelgium_in_medan_indonesia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://medan.china-consulate.gov.cn/indo/">"Consulate-General of the People's Republic of China in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China">Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the People's Republic of China</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consulate-General+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+of+the+People%27s+Republic+of+China&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmedan.china-consulate.gov.cn%2Findo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-65">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://indonesien.um.dk/en/about-us/danish-consulates">"The Danish consulates in Indonesia (Medan)"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Denmark)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Denmark)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Danish+consulates+in+Indonesia+%28Medan%29&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Denmark%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Findonesien.um.dk%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Fdanish-consulates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://jakarta.diplo.de/id-id/botschaft/honorarkonsuln/hkmedan/1808298">"Konsul Kehormatan Republik Federal Jerman di Medan/Sumatera-Utara"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_for_Foreign_Affairs_(East_Germany)" title="Ministry for Foreign Affairs (East Germany)">Ministry for Foreign Affairs (East Germany)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Konsul+Kehormatan+Republik+Federal+Jerman+di+Medan%2FSumatera-Utara&rft.pub=Ministry+for+Foreign+Affairs+%28East+Germany%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fjakarta.diplo.de%2Fid-id%2Fbotschaft%2Fhonorarkonsuln%2Fhkmedan%2F1808298&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cgimedan.gov.in/">"Consulate General of India, Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_External_Affairs_(India)" title="Ministry of External Affairs (India)">Ministry of External Affairs (India)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consulate+General+of+India%2C+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+External+Affairs+%28India%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cgimedan.gov.in%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.medan.id.emb-japan.go.jp/itpr_id/b_000006.html">"Konsulat Jenderal Jepang di Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Japan)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Japan)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Konsulat+Jenderal+Jepang+di+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Japan%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.medan.id.emb-japan.go.jp%2Fitpr_id%2Fb_000006.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.kln.gov.my/web/idn_medan/home?p_p_id=101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E&p_p_lifecycle=0&p_p_state=normal&p_p_mode=view&p_p_col_id=_118_INSTANCE_v02bBtTNR3NC__column-2&p_p_col_count=2&_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_delta=5&_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_keywords=&_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_advancedSearch=false&_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_andOperator=true&p_r_p_564233524_resetCur=false&_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_cur=2">"Consulate General of Malaysia, Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs,_Malaysia" class="mw-redirect" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia">Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Malaysia</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consulate+General+of+Malaysia%2C+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs%2C+Malaysia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.kln.gov.my%2Fweb%2Fidn_medan%2Fhome%3Fp_p_id%3D101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E%26p_p_lifecycle%3D0%26p_p_state%3Dnormal%26p_p_mode%3Dview%26p_p_col_id%3D_118_INSTANCE_v02bBtTNR3NC__column-2%26p_p_col_count%3D2%26_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_delta%3D5%26_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_keywords%3D%26_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_advancedSearch%3Dfalse%26_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_andOperator%3Dtrue%26p_r_p_564233524_resetCur%3Dfalse%26_101_INSTANCE_gFDAPabMfN1E_cur%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.netherlandsandyou.nl/your-country-and-the-netherlands/indonesia/about-us/consulate-medan">"Netherlands Honorary Consulate in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Netherlands)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Netherlands)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Netherlands+Honorary+Consulate+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Netherlands%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.netherlandsandyou.nl%2Fyour-country-and-the-netherlands%2Findonesia%2Fabout-us%2Fconsulate-medan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.norway.no/en/indonesia/norway-indonesia/about-embassy/#NorwegianConsulates">"Norwegian consulate in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Norway)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Norway)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Norwegian+consulate+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Norway%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.norway.no%2Fen%2Findonesia%2Fnorway-indonesia%2Fabout-embassy%2F%23NorwegianConsulates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gov.pl/web/indonesia-en/honorary-consulates">"Poland Honorary Consulate in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Poland)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Poland)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Poland+Honorary+Consulate+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Poland%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gov.pl%2Fweb%2Findonesia-en%2Fhonorary-consulates&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-73">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mfa.gov.sg/medan">"Consulate-General of the Republic of Singapore in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Singapore)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Singapore)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Singapore)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Consulate-General+of+the+Republic+of+Singapore+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Singapore%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.mfa.gov.sg%2Fmedan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-74"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-74">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thaiembassyjakarta.com/en/about-us/royal-thai-honorary-consulates-in-indonesia/">"Royal Thai Honorary Consulate in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Thailand)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Thailand)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Thailand)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Royal+Thai+Honorary+Consulate+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Thailand%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.thaiembassyjakarta.com%2Fen%2Fabout-us%2Froyal-thai-honorary-consulates-in-indonesia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-75"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-75">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://turkey-e-visa.com/consulate/turkish-honorary-consulate-in-medan-indonesia/">"Turkish Honorary Consulate in Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Foreign_Affairs_(Turkey)" title="Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)">Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Turkey)</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Turkish+Honorary+Consulate+in+Medan&rft.pub=Ministry+of+Foreign+Affairs+%28Turkey%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fturkey-e-visa.com%2Fconsulate%2Fturkish-honorary-consulate-in-medan-indonesia%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-76"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-76">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.usembassy.gov/id/embassy-consulates-id/medan-id/">"Konsulat AS di Medan"</a>. <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_State" title="United States Department of State">United States Department of State</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 August</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Konsulat+AS+di+Medan&rft.pub=United+States+Department+of+State&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fid.usembassy.gov%2Fid%2Fembassy-consulates-id%2Fmedan-id%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070423025117/http://pemkomedan.go.id/news_detail.php?id=106">"Medan Menjalin Hubungan Kota Kembar Keempat"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pemkomedan.go.id/news_detail.php?id=106">the original</a> on 23 April 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Medan+Menjalin+Hubungan+Kota+Kembar+Keempat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pemkomedan.go.id%2Fnews_detail.php%3Fid%3D106&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Michelmann2009-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Michelmann2009_78-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHans_Michelmann2009" class="citation book cs1">Hans Michelmann (28 January 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U1gZqQQPIEwC&pg=PA198"><i>Foreign Relations in Federal Countries</i></a>. McGill-Queen's Press – MQUP. pp. 198–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-7618-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7735-7618-6"><bdi>978-0-7735-7618-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Foreign+Relations+in+Federal+Countries&rft.pages=198-&rft.pub=McGill-Queen%27s+Press+%E2%80%93+MQUP&rft.date=2009-01-28&rft.isbn=978-0-7735-7618-6&rft.au=Hans+Michelmann&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU1gZqQQPIEwC%26pg%3DPA198&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.city.ichikawa.lg.jp/common/000295020.pdf">"A Sight-seeing Guide to Ichikawa City's International Exchanges"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>city.ichikawa.lg.jp</i>. Ichikawa. November 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=city.ichikawa.lg.jp&rft.atitle=A+Sight-seeing+Guide+to+Ichikawa+City%27s+International+Exchanges&rft.date=2018-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.city.ichikawa.lg.jp%2Fcommon%2F000295020.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-80"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-80">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gwangju.go.kr/eng/contentsView.do?pageId=eng17">"Sister Cities"</a>. <i>gwangju.go.kr</i>. Gwangju<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 April</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=gwangju.go.kr&rft.atitle=Sister+Cities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.gwangju.go.kr%2Feng%2FcontentsView.do%3FpageId%3Deng17&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ChenduSisterCities-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ChenduSisterCities_81-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gochengdu.cn/news/our-sister-cities/city-profile-exchange-activities/our-sister-cities-a2101.html">"Chengdu Sister and partner cities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180619055314/http://www.gochengdu.cn/news/our-sister-cities/city-profile-exchange-activities/our-sister-cities-a2101.html">Archived</a> from the original on 19 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chengdu+Sister+and+partner+cities&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gochengdu.cn%2Fnews%2Four-sister-cities%2Fcity-profile-exchange-activities%2Four-sister-cities-a2101.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-82"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-82">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onmilwaukee.com/buzz/articles/sistercitymedan.html">"City will host Indonesian sister city signing ceremony Thursday"</a> (online magazine, press release). onMilwaukee.com. 28 October 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141104055213/http://onmilwaukee.com/buzz/articles/sistercitymedan.html">Archived</a> from the original on 4 November 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+will+host+Indonesian+sister+city+signing+ceremony+Thursday&rft.pub=onMilwaukee.com&rft.date=2014-10-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fonmilwaukee.com%2Fbuzz%2Farticles%2Fsistercitymedan.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFleming2021" class="citation report cs1">Fleming, Tom (10 May 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishcouncil.id/sites/default/files/d3_cultural_cities_indonesia_medan_.pdf">Indonesia: Medan</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Report). Cultural Cities Profile East Asia. Jakarta: <a href="/wiki/British_Council" title="British Council">British Council Indonesia</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240716163221/https://www.britishcouncil.id/sites/default/files/d3_cultural_cities_indonesia_medan_.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 16 July 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 April</span> 2025</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=report&rft.btitle=Indonesia%3A+Medan&rft.place=Jakarta&rft.series=Cultural+Cities+Profile+East+Asia&rft.pub=British+Council+Indonesia&rft.date=2021-05-10&rft.aulast=Fleming&rft.aufirst=Tom&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britishcouncil.id%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fd3_cultural_cities_indonesia_medan_.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMedan" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Medan&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Medan" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Medan">Medan</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/20px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Medan#Q5972" class="extiw" title="voy:Medan">Medan</a> travel guide from Wikivoyage</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikinews-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/20px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/40px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Medan" class="extiw" title="wikinews:Medan">Medan</a> at <a href="/wiki/Wikinews" title="Wikinews">Wikinews</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/20px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Medan" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Medan"><i>Medan</i></a> at Wiktionary</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/way/8484616">Medan</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040817083134/http://www.pemkomedan.go.id/">Official Government website</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Indonesian)</span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151113012433/http://medanesia.com/topic/31/sejarah-kota-medan">Medanesia – Medan Forum</a> <span class="languageicon">(in Indonesian)</span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output 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.navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:North_Sumatra" title="Template:North Sumatra"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:North_Sumatra" title="Template talk:North Sumatra"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:North_Sumatra" title="Special:EditPage/Template:North Sumatra"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Regencies_and_cities_of_North_Sumatra228" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">Regencies and cities</a> of <a href="/wiki/North_Sumatra" title="North Sumatra">North Sumatra</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Capital: <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Medan</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Regency_(Indonesia)" title="Regency (Indonesia)">Regencies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asahan_Regency" title="Asahan Regency">Asahan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batubara_Regency" title="Batubara Regency">Batubara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dairi_Regency" title="Dairi Regency">Dairi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deli_Serdang_Regency" title="Deli Serdang Regency">Deli Serdang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humbang_Hasundutan_Regency" title="Humbang Hasundutan Regency">Humbang Hasundutan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karo_Regency" title="Karo Regency">Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labuhan_Batu_Regency" class="mw-redirect" title="Labuhan Batu Regency">Labuhan Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Labuhan_Batu_Regency" class="mw-redirect" title="South Labuhan Batu Regency">South Labuhan Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Labuhan_Batu_Regency" class="mw-redirect" title="North Labuhan Batu Regency">North Labuhan Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langkat_Regency" title="Langkat Regency">Langkat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandailing_Natal_Regency" title="Mandailing Natal Regency">Mandailing Natal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nias_Regency" title="Nias Regency">Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Nias_Regency" title="West Nias Regency">West Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Nias_Regency" title="South Nias Regency">South Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Nias_Regency" title="North Nias Regency">North Nias</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang_Lawas_Regency" title="Padang Lawas Regency">Padang Lawas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Padang_Lawas_Regency" title="North Padang Lawas Regency">North Padang Lawas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakpak_Bharat_Regency" title="Pakpak Bharat Regency">Pakpak Bharat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samosir_Regency" title="Samosir Regency">Samosir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serdang_Bedagai_Regency" title="Serdang Bedagai Regency">Serdang Bedagai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simalungun_Regency" title="Simalungun Regency">Simalungun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tapanuli_Regency" title="South Tapanuli Regency">South Tapanuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Central_Tapanuli_Regency" title="Central Tapanuli Regency">Central Tapanuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Tapanuli_Regency" title="North Tapanuli Regency">North Tapanuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toba_Regency" title="Toba Regency">Toba</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Coat_of_arms_of_North_Sumatra.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Seal of North Sumatra"><img alt="Seal of North Sumatra" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Sumatra.svg/60px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Sumatra.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Coat_of_arms_of_North_Sumatra.svg/120px-Coat_of_arms_of_North_Sumatra.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="450" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City_status_in_Indonesia" title="City status in Indonesia">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunungsitoli" title="Gunungsitoli">Gunung Sitoli</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Medan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang_Sidempuan" class="mw-redirect" title="Padang Sidempuan">Padang Sidempuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pematangsiantar" title="Pematangsiantar">Pematangsiantar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibolga" title="Sibolga">Sibolga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjungbalai_(city)" title="Tanjungbalai (city)">Tanjungbalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tebing_Tinggi" title="Tebing Tinggi">Tebing Tinggi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_regencies_and_cities_of_Indonesia" class="mw-redirect" title="List of regencies and cities of Indonesia">List of regencies and cities of Indonesia</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Articles_related_to_Medan92" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Articles_related_to_Medan92" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Articles related to Medan</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia224" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" title="Template:Provincial capitals in Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Provincial capitals in Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Provincial capitals in Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Provincial_capitals_in_Indonesia224" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Indonesia" title="Provinces of Indonesia">Provincial</a> capitals in <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sumatra" title="Sumatra">Sumatra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Aceh" title="Banda Aceh">Banda Aceh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Lampung" title="Bandar Lampung">Bandar Lampung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bengkulu_(city)" title="Bengkulu (city)">Bengkulu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jambi_(city)" title="Jambi (city)">Jambi</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Medan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">Padang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangkalpinang" title="Pangkalpinang">Pangkalpinang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekanbaru" title="Pekanbaru">Pekanbaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjungpinang" title="Tanjungpinang">Tanjungpinang</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Indonesia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/90px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/120px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Java" title="Java">Java</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Semarang" title="Semarang">Semarang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kalimantan" title="Kalimantan">Kalimantan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palangka_Raya" title="Palangka Raya">Palangka Raya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanjung_Selor" title="Tanjung Selor">Tanjung Selor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Lesser_Sunda_Islands" title="Lesser Sunda Islands">Lesser Sunda</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Denpasar" title="Denpasar">Denpasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang">Kupang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mataram_(city)" title="Mataram (city)">Mataram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sulawesi" title="Sulawesi">Sulawesi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gorontalo_(city)" title="Gorontalo (city)">Gorontalo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kendari" title="Kendari">Kendari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamuju_(city)" title="Mamuju (city)">Mamuju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maluku_Islands" title="Maluku Islands">Maluku</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambon,_Maluku" title="Ambon, Maluku">Ambon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sofifi" title="Sofifi">Sofifi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Western_New_Guinea" title="Western New Guinea">Papua</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jayapura" title="Jayapura">Jayapura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manokwari" title="Manokwari">Manokwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salor_Indah,_Kurik,_Merauke" title="Salor Indah, Kurik, Merauke">Salor</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wanggar&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Wanggar (page does not exist)">Wanggar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorong" title="Sorong">Sorong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jayawijaya_Regency" title="Jayawijaya Regency">Jayawijaya</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former provincial capitals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singaraja" title="Singaraja">Singaraja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternate" title="Ternate">Ternate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Indonesia&#124;link=Indonesia_Indonesian_cities_with_a_200,000+_population334" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Indonesia" title="Template:Most populous cities in Indonesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Most_populous_cities_in_Indonesia" title="Template talk:Most populous cities in Indonesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Most_populous_cities_in_Indonesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Most populous cities in Indonesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Indonesia&#124;link=Indonesia_Indonesian_cities_with_a_200,000+_population334" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Indonesian_cities_by_population" title="List of Indonesian cities by population">Indonesian cities with a 200,000+ population</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2,000,000 and above</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Surabaya" title="Surabaya">Surabaya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bekasi" title="Bekasi">Bekasi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bandung" title="Bandung">Bandung</a></b></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Medan</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Depok" title="Depok">Depok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000,000–1,999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tangerang" title="Tangerang">Tangerang</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Palembang" title="Palembang">Palembang</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Semarang" title="Semarang">Semarang</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Makassar" title="Makassar">Makassar</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Tangerang" title="South Tangerang">South Tangerang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batam" title="Batam">Batam</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Lampung" title="Bandar Lampung">Bandar Lampung</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bogor" title="Bogor">Bogor</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">500,000–999,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Pekanbaru" title="Pekanbaru">Pekanbaru</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Padang" title="Padang">Padang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malang" title="Malang">Malang</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Samarinda" title="Samarinda">Samarinda</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Denpasar" title="Denpasar">Denpasar</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasikmalaya" title="Tasikmalaya">Tasikmalaya</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Serang" title="Serang">Serang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balikpapan" title="Balikpapan">Balikpapan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak">Pontianak</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjarmasin" title="Banjarmasin">Banjarmasin</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jambi_(city)" title="Jambi (city)">Jambi</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cimahi" title="Cimahi">Cimahi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surakarta" title="Surakarta">Surakarta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">300,000–499,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Manado" title="Manado">Manado</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kupang" title="Kupang">Kupang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cilegon" title="Cilegon">Cilegon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mataram_(city)" title="Mataram (city)">Mataram</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jayapura" title="Jayapura">Jayapura</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bengkulu_(city)" title="Bengkulu (city)">Bengkulu</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yogyakarta" title="Yogyakarta">Yogyakarta</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Palu" title="Palu">Palu</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ambon,_Maluku" title="Ambon, Maluku">Ambon</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukabumi" title="Sukabumi">Sukabumi</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kendari" title="Kendari">Kendari</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cirebon" title="Cirebon">Cirebon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dumai" title="Dumai">Dumai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pekalongan" title="Pekalongan">Pekalongan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">200,000–299,999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Palangka_Raya" title="Palangka Raya">Palangka Raya</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binjai" title="Binjai">Binjai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kediri_(city)" title="Kediri (city)">Kediri</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sorong" title="Sorong">Sorong</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tegal" title="Tegal">Tegal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pematangsiantar" title="Pematangsiantar">Pematang Siantar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Banjarbaru" title="Banjarbaru">Banjarbaru</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Banda_Aceh" title="Banda Aceh">Banda Aceh</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarakan" title="Tarakan">Tarakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Probolinggo" title="Probolinggo">Probolinggo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singkawang" title="Singkawang">Singkawang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lubuklinggau" title="Lubuklinggau">Lubuklinggau</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tanjungpinang" title="Tanjungpinang">Tanjungpinang</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitung" title="Bitung">Bitung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padangsidempuan" title="Padangsidempuan">Padangsidempuan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pangkal_Pinang" class="mw-redirect" title="Pangkal Pinang">Pangkal Pinang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Batu,_East_Java" class="mw-redirect" title="Batu, East Java">Batu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madiun" title="Madiun">Madiun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasuruan" title="Pasuruan">Pasuruan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ternate" title="Ternate">Ternate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banjar,_West_Java" title="Banjar, West Java">Banjar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Note: <b>Bold</b> indicates provincial capital</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5972#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1238" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5972#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1238" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5972#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" 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navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4469031-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79147871">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX6135915">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007557254905171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/13720fa8-0b87-483d-b158-8395ff27a7d5">MusicBrainz 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