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dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Place in Ontario, Canada</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output 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.ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Galt</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Urban district/<br />Dissolved City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png/250px-Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png/375px-Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png/500px-Canada_Southern_Ontario_location_map_2.png 2x" data-file-width="994" data-file-height="717" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:60.839%;left:40.979%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Galt"><img alt="Galt" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Galt</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Southern Ontario</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Galt,_Ontario&params=43_21_29_N_80_18_55_W_region:CA-ON_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">43°21′29″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°18′55″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">43.35806°N 80.31528°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">43.35806; -80.31528</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Province</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ontario" title="Ontario">Ontario</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regional_municipality" title="Regional municipality">Regional municipality</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo">Waterloo</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">City</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Settled</th><td class="infobox-data">1816</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated (town)</th><td class="infobox-data">1857</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Incorporated (city)</th><td class="infobox-data">1915</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Amalgamated (city)</th><td class="infobox-data">1973</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-5" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-5">UTC-5</a> (<a href="/wiki/North_American_Eastern_Time_Zone" class="mw-redirect" title="North American Eastern Time Zone">EST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC-4" class="mw-redirect" title="UTC-4">UTC-4</a> (<a href="/wiki/Eastern_Daylight_Time" class="mw-redirect" title="Eastern Daylight Time">EDT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Canadian_postal_code#Forward_sortation_areas" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian postal code">Forward sortation area</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code"><a href="/wiki/List_of_N_postal_codes_of_Canada" class="mw-redirect" title="List of N postal codes of Canada">N1R, N1S, N1T, N3C, N3H</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Area_codes_519_and_226" class="mw-redirect" title="Area codes 519 and 226">519 and 226</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/National_Topographic_System" title="National Topographic System">NTS</a> Map</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://maps.canada.ca/czs/index-en.html?bbox=-80.5,43.25,-80,43.5&name=NTS_map_sheet_40P8">40P8</a> <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographical_Names_Board_of_Canada" title="Geographical Names Board of Canada">GNBC</a> Code</th><td class="infobox-data">FCIKJ</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Galt</b> is a community in <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario" title="Cambridge, Ontario">Cambridge, Ontario</a>, Canada, in the <a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario">Regional Municipality of Waterloo, Ontario</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Grand_River_(Ontario)" title="Grand River (Ontario)">Grand River</a>. Prior to 1973, it was an independent city, incorporated in 1915, but amalgamation with the village of <a href="/wiki/Hespeler,_Ontario" title="Hespeler, Ontario">Hespeler</a>, the town of <a href="/wiki/Preston,_Ontario" title="Preston, Ontario">Preston</a> and the village of Blair formed the new municipality of Cambridge. Being the largest constituent community in the city, it is commonly seen as the downtown core of Cambridge.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first mayor of Cambridge was <a href="/wiki/Claudette_Millar" title="Claudette Millar">Claudette Millar</a>. </p><p>There was considerable resistance among the local population to this "shotgun marriage" arranged by the provincial government and a healthy sense of rivalry had always governed relations among the three communities. Even today, many residents identify Galt, Preston, and Hespeler as still being cities or towns in their own right. Each unique centre has its own history that is well documented in the Cambridge City Archives.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>No current population data is available for the former Galt since the Census reports cover only the full area of Cambridge. </p><p>The former Galt covers the largest portion of the amalgamated municipality, making up the southern half of the city. It is located on the <a href="/wiki/Grand_River_(Ontario)" title="Grand River (Ontario)">Grand River</a> and has a very long history as an industrialized area. The former Preston and Blair are located on the western side of the city, while the former Hespeler is in the most northeasterly section of Cambridge. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The area today known as Ontario has been inhabited by Indigenous peoples since end of the <a href="/wiki/Last_Glacial_Period" title="Last Glacial Period">last Ice Age</a>. In the south of Galt when preparing for building townhouses near Myers Road in 1989, archaeologists discovered the ruins of a <a href="/wiki/Longhouse" title="Longhouse">longhouse</a> village dated to between 1280 and 1360 CE.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They may have practiced <a href="/wiki/Slash-and-burn" title="Slash-and-burn">slash and burn</a> agriculture (as was common in the <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Northeastern_Woodlands" title="Indigenous peoples of the Northeastern Woodlands">Northeastern Woodlands</a> since 1000 CE) cultivating the <a href="/wiki/Three_Sisters_(agriculture)" title="Three Sisters (agriculture)">Three Sisters</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and could have been occupied by the <a href="/wiki/Iroquoian" class="mw-redirect" title="Iroquoian">Iroquoian</a> speaking <a href="/wiki/Neutral_Confederacy" title="Neutral Confederacy">Chonnonton Peoples</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 17th century, the <a href="/wiki/Algonquian_languages" title="Algonquian languages">Algonkian</a> speaking <a href="/wiki/Anishinaabe" title="Anishinaabe">Anishinaabe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mississaugas" title="Mississaugas">Mississauga</a> peoples moved into the territory of southern Ontario.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg/220px-Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg/330px-Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg/440px-Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Old Post Office in Galt, built in 1886</figcaption></figure> <p>Galt is situated on land once granted to the <a href="/wiki/Iroquois" title="Iroquois">Iroquois</a> people by the <a href="/wiki/The_Crown" title="The Crown">British Crown</a> at the end of the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">American Revolutionary War</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the late 1700s, developers began to buy land around the Grand River from the <a href="/wiki/Iroquois_Confederacy" class="mw-redirect" title="Iroquois Confederacy">Six Nations</a> who were led by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Brant" title="Joseph Brant">Joseph Brant</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> One speculator, <a href="/wiki/William_Dickson_(Upper_Canada)" title="William Dickson (Upper Canada)">William Dickson</a>, a wealthy immigrant from Scotland, bought 90,000 acres (360 km<sup>2</sup>) of land along the <a href="/wiki/Grand_River_(Ontario)" title="Grand River (Ontario)">Grand River</a> in 1816; this was later to become Galt and the Dumfries Townships. Dickson divided the land and sold smaller lots, particularly to Scottish settlers. The centre of the planned community was built at the junction of Mill Creek and the Grand River, then called Shade's Mills.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt,_Cambridge.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="32 Cedar Street West Galt, Cambridge" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt%2C_Cambridge.png/220px-32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt%2C_Cambridge.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="175" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt%2C_Cambridge.png/330px-32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt%2C_Cambridge.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt%2C_Cambridge.png/440px-32_Cedar_Street_West_Galt%2C_Cambridge.png 2x" data-file-width="1266" data-file-height="1008" /></a><figcaption>32 Cedar Street in West Galt (Cambridge)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg/220px-Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="215" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg/330px-Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg/440px-Old_Post_Office_Galt_Cambridge_Ontario_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1710" data-file-height="1675" /></a><figcaption>Old Post Office in Galt (Cambridge) built in 1886, renovated in 2016. (2010 photo)</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Absalom_Shade" title="Absalom Shade">Absalom Shade</a>, a carpenter from Pennsylvania, was hired in 1816 by William Dickson to manage his lands in Dumfries Township. He later operated a general store, a mill and a distillery in Shade's Mills, which later became Galt. In 1819, he built a small bridge over the Grand River to serve customers on the other side; it lasted until 1832.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shade also supplied food and built roads for the Canada Company. He helped establish the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Grand_River_Navigation_Company&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grand River Navigation Company (page does not exist)">Grand River Navigation Company</a> to help transport goods along the river, as well as the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gore_Bank&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gore Bank (page does not exist)">Gore Bank</a> in Hamilton. Shade also helped develop railways in the area and was among those who built Galt's Trinity Anglican Church in 1844.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1871</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">3,827</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1881</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">5,187</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+35.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1891</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,535</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+45.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1901</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">7,866</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1911</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">10,299</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+30.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1921</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">13,216</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+28.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1931</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">14,006</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1941</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">15,346</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1951</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">19,207</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+25.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1956</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">23,738</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+23.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">27,830</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1966</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">33,491</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+20.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1971</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">38,897</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+16.1%</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Dickson decided to name the Post Office Galt, in honour of <a href="/wiki/John_Galt_(novelist)" title="John Galt (novelist)">John Galt</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Canada_Company" title="Canada Company">Canada Company</a> which was developing this entire area. Primarily agricultural in early years, Galt had attracted industry by 1840 and became the largest town in the Grand River area until the early 1900s. Galt was incorporated as a village in 1850, as a town in 1857 and as a city in 1915.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Throughout that entire period, it continued to grow based on a large industrial base.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Canadian Gazetteer of 1846 discussed the community's water power which was essential to power the local industries which were making the area prosperous. At the time the population was about 1000, most originally from Scotland. There were five churches, a weekly newspaper, a fire department, a public library, a bank and a curling club. The post office received mail every day. Industries already in operation included "two grist mills (each containing four run of stones), two saw mills, two foundries, two carding machines and cloth factories, one brewery, two distilleries, one tannery..."<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESmith1846[httpsarchiveorgdetailssmithscanadianga00smitpage62_62]_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESmith1846[httpsarchiveorgdetailssmithscanadianga00smitpage62_62]-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A foundry had also opened on Grand Avenue, initially as Dumfries Foundry which would later become <a href="/wiki/Goldie_%26_McCulloch" title="Goldie & McCulloch">Goldie & McCulloch</a>, a major manufacturer of safes, wood working machinery and engines powered by steam or by gasoline. It would continue as a major operation under several other owners until 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The largest of the early schools in the community, the Galt Grammar School, opened in 1852 with William Tassie as headmaster starting in 1853 at the site of what later became the Galt Collegiate. The school gained widespread recognition and attracted students from across North America. By 1872, it had been recognized as a Collegiate Institute.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Galt incorporated as a town on January 1, 1857, with Morris C. Lutz elected as the first mayor. By 1858, a "Town Hall and Market House" had been built with an "Italianate", particularly Tuscan, influence. In later years, the Town Hall became the City Hall and was extensively modified.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Galt was incorporated as a city in 1915. </p><p>The population in 1869 was 4000 and the community was said to be one of the principal manufacturing locations in Ontario.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcEvoy1869[httpsarchiveorgdetailsprovinceontario00mcevgoogpagen196mode2up_164]_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcEvoy1869[httpsarchiveorgdetailsprovinceontario00mcevgoogpagen196mode2up_164]-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The railway reached Galt in 1879, increasing the opportunities of exporting local goods and importing others.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1889, the former Dickson Mill on the Grand River was converted to a hydro electric plant which operated until July 1911 when a power grid from Niagara Falls reached the community.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler,_Ontario,_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler%2C_Ontario%2C_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg/170px-Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler%2C_Ontario%2C_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler%2C_Ontario%2C_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg/255px-Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler%2C_Ontario%2C_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler%2C_Ontario%2C_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg/340px-Kids_fishing_in_Hespeler%2C_Ontario%2C_next_to_a_streetcar_stop.jpg 2x" data-file-width="666" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption>An interurban streetcar connected Galt to Hespeler and nearby Preston.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the early 1870s, the <a href="/wiki/Credit_Valley_Railway" title="Credit Valley Railway">Credit Valley Railway</a> planned to implement several lines running west and north from Toronto and in 1873, built freight and passenger buildings in Galt. By 1879, the company had installed a bridge crossing the river and in December completed a preliminary test run with a train; it was successful. The CVR venture was not long-lived however, and in 1883, the line was taken over by the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Pacific_Railway" title="Canadian Pacific Railway">Canadian Pacific Railway</a> which built a brick passenger building that still stands.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A new streetcar system, the <a href="/wiki/Galt,_Preston_and_Hespeler_electric_railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Galt, Preston and Hespeler electric railway">Galt, Preston and Hespeler electric railway</a>, (later called the Grand River Railway Company) would begin operation in 1894, connecting Preston and Galt. In 1911, the line reached Hespeler, Berlin (later called Kitchener) and Waterloo; by 1916 it had been extended to Brantford/Port Dover.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The electric rail system ended passenger services in April, 1955. </p><p>Not long after Galt had become part of Cambridge, in May 1974, flooding on the <a href="/wiki/Grand_River_(Ontario)" title="Grand River (Ontario)">Grand River</a> filled city streets with water to a depth of about four feet. In some areas of the downtown core, the depth was 17.4 feet, smashing windows and carrying goods along the streets. Approximately 75 businesses were affected, with virtually none covered by relevant insurance. The flood caused an estimated $5 million in damage.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Dickson Hill Heritage Conservation District,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> also known as Old West Galt, is an affluent neighbourhood full of stately homes from the late 19th and early 20th centuries, found on the western side of the Grand River in West Galt.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Government">Government</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Government"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The local government is the <a href="/wiki/Cambridge,_Ontario_City_Council" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge, Ontario City Council">Cambridge City Council</a> consisting of a mayor and eight councillors, each representing a <a href="/wiki/Ward_(politics)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ward (politics)">ward</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG/220px-WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG/330px-WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG/440px-WaterlooRegionHQ-Frederick.JPG 2x" data-file-width="6016" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Region of Waterloo Headquarters in Kitchener</figcaption></figure> <p>Cambridge is also represented on the higher-tier Waterloo Regional Council which consists of the Regional Chair, the Mayors of the seven cities and townships, and eight additional Councilors - four from Kitchener and two each from Cambridge and Waterloo. Ken Seiling has held the position of Regional Chair since 1985.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-regionalcouncilwaterloo_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-regionalcouncilwaterloo-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Cambridge is represented in Ottawa by <a href="/wiki/Bryan_May" title="Bryan May">Bryan May</a> (Liberal), the federal member of Parliament who defeated the previous incumbent <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_Canadian_House_of_Commons" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of the Canadian House of Commons">MP</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gary_Goodyear" title="Gary Goodyear">Gary Goodyear</a>, Conservative – 2004 to 2015) in the October 2015 election. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Member_of_Provincial_Parliament_(Ontario)" class="mw-redirect" title="Member of Provincial Parliament (Ontario)">MPP</a> for Cambridge is <a href="/wiki/Brian_Riddell" title="Brian Riddell">Brian Riddell</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Progressive_Conservative_Party_of_Ontario" title="Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario">Progressive Conservative Party of Ontario</a>, who was first elected to this position in 2022. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Municipal_services">Municipal services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Municipal services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Galt was an independent city in <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_County,_Ontario" title="Waterloo County, Ontario">Waterloo County, Ontario</a> until 1973 when amalgamation created the <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Regional_Municipality,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterloo Regional Municipality, Ontario">Regional Municipality of Waterloo</a>. At that time, Galt was amalgamated into the new city of Cambridge. The Region handles many services, including Police, waste management, community health, transit, recreation, planning, roads and social services.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Region consists of the cities of Cambridge, <a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo</a>, and the townships of <a href="/wiki/Woolwich,_Ontario" title="Woolwich, Ontario">Woolwich</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wilmot,_Ontario" title="Wilmot, Ontario">Wilmot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wellesley,_Ontario_(community)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wellesley, Ontario (community)">Wellesley</a>, and <a href="/wiki/North_Dumfries,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="North Dumfries, Ontario">North Dumfries</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transportation">Public transportation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Public transportation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2000, local and regional transit throughout the <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Regional_Municipality,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterloo Regional Municipality, Ontario">Region of Waterloo</a> has been provided by <a href="/wiki/Grand_River_Transit" title="Grand River Transit">Grand River Transit</a> (GRT), which was created by a merger of the former <a href="/wiki/Cambridge_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Cambridge Transit">Cambridge Transit</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kitchener_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Kitchener Transit">Kitchener Transit</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:GrandRiverTransit6.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/GrandRiverTransit6.jpg/220px-GrandRiverTransit6.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/GrandRiverTransit6.jpg/330px-GrandRiverTransit6.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/GrandRiverTransit6.jpg/440px-GrandRiverTransit6.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Grand_River_Transit" title="Grand River Transit">Grand River Transit</a> 200 iXpress bus in downtown Galt in 2015. Within Cambridge, the route has since been replaced by the 302 ION Bus.</figcaption></figure> <p>GRT operates a number of routes in Cambridge, four of which travel outside of the city: presently the 52, 61, and 72 buses run to southern <a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Ainslie_St._Transit_Terminal" title="Ainslie St. Transit Terminal">Ainslie St. Transit Terminal</a> in Galt was the southern terminus of GRT's original iXpress route (later rebranded as the 200 iXpress after the addition of more routes), which ran through all three cities in the Region of Waterloo before terminating in the north at the Conestoga Mall terminal (later renamed <a href="/wiki/Conestoga_station" title="Conestoga station">Conestoga station</a>) in Waterloo. The route was launched in 2005 as a part of the Regional Growth Management Strategy, which called for greater densification of urban cores, and was considered an intermediary step while more long-term rapid transit plans were still maturing.<sup id="cite_ref-transit-conference_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-transit-conference-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2009 Regional Council voted to approve a plan to construct a <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">light rail</a> line, which has been named the <a href="/wiki/Ion_rapid_transit" title="Ion rapid transit">Ion rapid transit</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KWRecord2009-06-25_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KWRecord2009-06-25-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The first phase would run from <a href="/wiki/Conestoga_Mall_(Waterloo,_Ontario)" title="Conestoga Mall (Waterloo, Ontario)">Conestoga Mall</a> in the north of <a href="/wiki/Waterloo,_Ontario" title="Waterloo, Ontario">Waterloo</a>, to <a href="/wiki/Fairview_Park_Mall" title="Fairview Park Mall">Fairview Park Mall</a> in the south of <a href="/wiki/Kitchener,_Ontario" title="Kitchener, Ontario">Kitchener</a>, while the second phase of the line would run from Fairview Mall to the Galt area of Cambridge. Mayor Doug Craig was a determined opponent of the plan, arguing that an expanded express bus system would be just as effective but much less expensive.<sup id="cite_ref-KWRecord2013-11-19_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KWRecord2013-11-19-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Cbc2013-08-20_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Cbc2013-08-20-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By late February 2017, the Kitchener-Waterloo portion was well into the final phase of construction, but plans for the Cambridge section of the LRT were still in the very early stage. Public consultations were just getting started at the time. Three routes had been agreed on in 2011, with eight "endorsed" stops: at Fairway, Sportsworld, Preston, Pinebush, Cambridge Centre Mall, Can-Amera, Delta and Ainslie Street Terminal. Three others were still being considered.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As the launch of light rail service approached, Grand River Transit began to lay the groundwork for the transition from iXpress to Ion service by renaming the 200 iXpress to the 200 iXpress/ION Bus Rapid Transit.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On Monday, 24 June 2019, three days after the launch of Ion light rail between <a href="/wiki/Conestoga_station" title="Conestoga station">Conestoga station</a> in Waterloo and <a href="/wiki/Fairway_station" title="Fairway station">Fairway station</a> in Kitchener, the 200 iXpress route was discontinued. Its southern section running through Cambridge was replaced with the 302 ION Bus route, terminating in the north at Fairway station, with riders able to continue on the light rail system as a <a href="/wiki/Transfer_(public_transit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Transfer (public transit)">linear transfer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of June 2019, the Region of Waterloo planned for the 302 ION Bus to ultimately be replaced by an extension of the light rail line to Galt.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Education"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg/250px-Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg/375px-Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg/500px-Galt_CVI_panorama.jpg 2x" data-file-width="11785" data-file-height="2595" /></a><figcaption>Galt Collegiate Institute, one of the oldest public high schools in Ontario.</figcaption></figure> <p>Public English-language schooling is provided by the <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Region_District_School_Board" title="Waterloo Region District School Board">Waterloo Region District School Board</a>, which operates 26 elementary and five secondary schools in Cambridge. The most notable high school is the <a href="/wiki/Galt_Collegiate_Institute_and_Vocational_School" title="Galt Collegiate Institute and Vocational School">Galt Collegiate Institute and Vocational School</a>, which is over 150 years old. </p><p>Publicly funded Catholic education is available through schools operated by the <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Catholic_District_School_Board" title="Waterloo Catholic District School Board">Waterloo Catholic District School Board</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/University_of_Waterloo_School_of_Architecture" title="University of Waterloo School of Architecture">University of Waterloo School of Architecture</a> campus is located in Cambridge in the Riverside Silk Mill, also known as the Tiger Brand Building. Inside there is a theatre, a fitness room, and the gallery "Design at Riverside", which is one of two publicly funded galleries dedicated to architecture in Canada. The School of Architecture is home to 380 students who live, study, and learn within the Cambridge community. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Avison" title="Margaret Avison">Margaret Avison</a>, poet</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_Carlyle" title="Florence Carlyle">Florence Carlyle</a>, artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Guggisberg" title="Gordon Guggisberg">Gordon Guggisberg</a>, army officer and colonial administrator</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_K._Jaffray" title="Julia K. Jaffray">Julia K. Jaffray</a>, clubwoman, prison reformer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Moffat_(ice_hockey)" title="Mike Moffat (ice hockey)">Mike Moffat</a>, ice hockey goaltender</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgina_Fraser_Newhall" title="Georgina Fraser Newhall">Georgina Fraser Newhall</a>, writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gord_Renwick" title="Gord Renwick">Gord Renwick</a>, ice hockey administrator<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ron_Shaver" title="Ron Shaver">Ron Shaver</a>, figure skating champion</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/32px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/48px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Ontario.svg/64px-Flag_of_Ontario.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1200" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Ontario" title="Portal:Ontario">Ontario portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grand_River_Railway" title="Grand River Railway">Grand River Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_River_Transit" title="Grand River Transit">Grand River Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Trunk_Railway" title="Grand Trunk Railway">Grand Trunk Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Western_Railway_(Ontario)" title="Great Western Railway (Ontario)">Great Western Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haldimand_Proclamation" title="Haldimand Proclamation">Haldimand Proclamation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highway_401" class="mw-redirect" title="Highway 401">Highway 401</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quebec_City%E2%80%93Windsor_Corridor" title="Quebec City–Windsor Corridor">Quebec City–Windsor Corridor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regional_Municipality_of_Waterloo" title="Regional Municipality of Waterloo">Regional Municipality of Waterloo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speed_River" title="Speed River">Speed River</a></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Citations">Citations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.ca/en/learn-about/Local-History.aspx">"History, Cambridge Ontario"</a>. <i>City of Cambridge</i>. 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 20,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+of+Cambridge&rft.atitle=History%2C+Cambridge+Ontario&rft.date=2015&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.ca%2Fen%2Flearn-about%2FLocal-History.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cambridge.ca/en/learn-about/Local-History.aspx">"Local History"</a>. September 29, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Local+History&rft.date=2020-09-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridge.ca%2Fen%2Flearn-about%2FLocal-History.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cambridgetoday.ca/local-news/archeological-dig-in-cambridge-combs-area-for-indigenous-artifacts-7978387">"Archaeological dig in Cambridge combs area for Indigenous artifacts"</a>. <i>CambridgeToday.ca</i>. December 13, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CambridgeToday.ca&rft.atitle=Archaeological+dig+in+Cambridge+combs+area+for+Indigenous+artifacts&rft.date=2023-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cambridgetoday.ca%2Flocal-news%2Farcheological-dig-in-cambridge-combs-area-for-indigenous-artifacts-7978387&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLoud+Clear2024" class="citation web cs1">Loud+Clear (April 22, 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://theheartofontario.com/article/legacy-of-the-grand-river/">"Legacy of the Grand River"</a>. <i>Hamilton Halton Brant</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Smithsonian+Magazine&rft.atitle=Remnants+of+Woodland+Iroquois+Village+Discovered+in+Ontario&rft.aulast=Magazine&rft.aufirst=Smithsonian&rft.au=Bugos%2C+Claire&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.smithsonianmag.com%2Fsmart-news%2Fremnants-iroquois-woodland-village-discovered-ontario-180976099%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.waterloo.ca/en/things-to-do/waterloo_s-history.aspx">"Waterloo's history"</a>. <i>www.waterloo.ca</i>. March 8, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.waterloo.ca&rft.atitle=Waterloo%27s+history&rft.date=2021-03-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.waterloo.ca%2Fen%2Fthings-to-do%2Fwaterloo_s-history.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca/en/article/cambridge">"Cambridge"</a>. <i>www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 2,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca&rft.atitle=Cambridge&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thecanadianencyclopedia.ca%2Fen%2Farticle%2Fcambridge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung1880" class="citation book cs1">Young, James (1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/cihm_26166"><i>Reminiscences of the Early History of Galt and Settlement of Dumfries In the Province of Ontario</i></a>. Toronto: Hunter, Rose and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780665261664" title="Special:BookSources/9780665261664"><bdi>9780665261664</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reminiscences+of+the+Early+History+of+Galt+and+Settlement+of+Dumfries+In+the+Province+of+Ontario&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=Hunter%2C+Rose+and+Company&rft.date=1880&rft.isbn=9780665261664&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcihm_26166&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFmills2015" class="citation news cs1">mills, rych (November 22, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.therecord.com/living-story/6130017-flash-from-the-past-galt-bridge-dates-back-to-absalom-shade/">"Flash from the Past: Galt bridge dates back to Absalom Shade"</a>. <i>Waterloo Region Record</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 20,</span> 2013</span>. <q>While Waterloo Region has promised to bring light rail transit to Cambridge in the second phase of its development, no one can say for sure when that will be.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Mayor+wants+Cambridge+exempt+from+paying+for+Light+Rail+Transit+in+Kitchener%2C+Waterloo&rft.date=2013-11-19&rft.au=Ray+Martin&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.therecord.com%2Fnews-story%2F4224670-mayor-wants-cambridge-exempt-from-paying-for-light-rail-transit-in-kitchener-waterloo%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Cbc2013-08-20-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Cbc2013-08-20_34-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/cambridge-mayor-wants-to-look-at-cost-of-cancelling-lrt-1.1303894">"Cambridge mayor wants to look at cost of cancelling LRT: Doug Craig favours bus rapid transit"</a>. <a href="/wiki/CBC_News" title="CBC News">CBC News</a>. August 20, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 16,</span> 2013</span>. <q>While Craig called for examining the cost of the potential cancellation of the LRT, he stopped short of providing what would constitute a reasonable price tag, saying instead that he believed the region could easily opt out of its current plan in favour of something else, even though construction on light rail had already started.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Cambridge+mayor+wants+to+look+at+cost+of+cancelling+LRT%3A+Doug+Craig+favours+bus+rapid+transit&rft.date=2013-08-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fkitchener-waterloo%2Fcambridge-mayor-wants-to-look-at-cost-of-cancelling-lrt-1.1303894&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharkey2017" class="citation web cs1">Sharkey, Jackie (February 8, 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbc.ca/news/canada/kitchener-waterloo/lrt-ion-cambridge-region-waterloo-1.3970421">"There's still wiggle room in the Region of Waterloo's LRT plans for Cambridge"</a>. <i>CBC</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 10,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBC&rft.atitle=There%27s+still+wiggle+room+in+the+Region+of+Waterloo%27s+LRT+plans+for+Cambridge&rft.date=2017-02-08&rft.aulast=Sharkey&rft.aufirst=Jackie&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbc.ca%2Fnews%2Fcanada%2Fkitchener-waterloo%2Flrt-ion-cambridge-region-waterloo-1.3970421&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCTV_Kitchener2015" class="citation news cs1">CTV Kitchener (September 8, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kitchener.ctvnews.ca/first-step-to-lrt-rapid-buses-launch-in-cambridge-1.2553337?cache=yesclipId104062%3FclipId%3D68596">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'First step to LRT': Rapid buses launch in Cambridge"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/CTV_News" title="CTV News">CTV News</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CTV+News&rft.atitle=%27First+step+to+LRT%27%3A+Rapid+buses+launch+in+Cambridge&rft.date=2015-09-08&rft.au=CTV+Kitchener&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fkitchener.ctvnews.ca%2Ffirst-step-to-lrt-rapid-buses-launch-in-cambridge-1.2553337%3Fcache%3DyesclipId104062%253FclipId%253D68596&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrand_River_Transit2019" class="citation web cs1"><a href="/wiki/Grand_River_Transit" title="Grand River Transit">Grand River Transit [@GRT_ROW]</a> (June 20, 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://x.com/GRT_ROW/status/1141711199203205121">"3. Route 200 will become Route 302 ION bus between Fairway Station and Ainslie Terminal. ION buses will begin operating on the Route 302. http://grt.ca/IONbus"</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tweet_(social_media)" title="Tweet (social media)">Tweet</a>)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2020</span> – via <a href="/wiki/Twitter" title="Twitter">Twitter</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=3.+Route+200+will+become+Route+302+ION+bus+between+Fairway+Station+and+Ainslie+Terminal.+ION+buses+will+begin+operating+on+the+Route+302.+http%3A%2F%2Fgrt.ca%2FIONbus&rft.date=2019-06-20&rft.au=Grand+River+Transit&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fx.com%2FGRT_ROW%2Fstatus%2F1141711199203205121&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rapidtransit.regionofwaterloo.ca/en/stage2ION/stage2ion.asp">"Stage 2 ION"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Region_of_Waterloo" class="mw-redirect" title="Region of Waterloo">Region of Waterloo</a>. June 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 5,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Stage+2+ION&rft.pub=Region+of+Waterloo&rft.date=2019-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Frapidtransit.regionofwaterloo.ca%2Fen%2Fstage2ION%2Fstage2ion.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://legacy.com/obituaries/Torstar/obituary.aspx?n=Gordon-Ralph-RENWICK">"Gordon Ralph Renwick, 1935–2021"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Star" title="Toronto Star">Toronto Star</a></i>. Toronto, Ontario. January 8, 2021 – via Legacy.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=Gordon+Ralph+Renwick%2C+1935%E2%80%932021&rft.date=2021-01-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flegacy.com%2Fobituaries%2FTorstar%2Fobituary.aspx%3Fn%3DGordon-Ralph-RENWICK&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcEvoy1869" class="citation book cs1">McEvoy, Henry (1869). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/provinceontario00mcevgoog"><i>The Province of Ontario Gazetteer and Directory</i></a>. Robertson & Cook. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780665094125" title="Special:BookSources/9780665094125"><bdi>9780665094125</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Province+of+Ontario+Gazetteer+and+Directory&rft.pub=Robertson+%26+Cook&rft.date=1869&rft.isbn=9780665094125&rft.aulast=McEvoy&rft.aufirst=Henry&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fprovinceontario00mcevgoog&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith1846" class="citation book cs1">Smith, William H. (1846). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/smithscanadianga00smit"><i>Smith's Canadian Gazetteer</i></a>. Toronto: H. & W. Rowsell.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Smith%27s+Canadian+Gazetteer&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=H.+%26+W.+Rowsell&rft.date=1846&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=William+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsmithscanadianga00smit&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galt,_Ontario&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMenary2014" class="citation book cs1">Menary, David (2014). <i>Frederick Douglass in Galt</i>. Cambridge, Ontario: Blue River Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781304991478" title="Special:BookSources/9781304991478"><bdi>9781304991478</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Frederick+Douglass+in+Galt&rft.place=Cambridge%2C+Ontario&rft.pub=Blue+River+Press&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9781304991478&rft.aulast=Menary&rft.aufirst=David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShewchuk1986" class="citation book cs1">Shewchuk, John (1986). <i>The development of the textile trade at Galt, Preston and Hespeler, 1832–1914</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+development+of+the+textile+trade+at+Galt%2C+Preston+and+Hespeler%2C+1832%E2%80%931914&rft.date=1986&rft.aulast=Shewchuk&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYoung1880" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Young_(Canadian_politician)" title="James Young (Canadian politician)">Young, James</a> (1880). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/galthistoryearly0younrich"><i>Reminiscences of the Early History of Galt and the Settlement of Dumfries in the Province of Ontario</i></a>. Toronto: Hunter, Rose and Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Reminiscences+of+the+Early+History+of+Galt+and+the+Settlement+of+Dumfries+in+the+Province+of+Ontario&rft.place=Toronto&rft.pub=Hunter%2C+Rose+and+Company&rft.date=1880&rft.aulast=Young&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgalthistoryearly0younrich&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGalt%2C+Ontario" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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