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<span>Geography and climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geography_and_climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Modern period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Mythology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mythology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Mythology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mythology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economics</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Local_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Local_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Local administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Local_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sporting_teams" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sporting_teams"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Sporting teams</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sporting_teams-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Euboea</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 69 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-69" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">69 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eub%C3%B6a" title="Euböa – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Euböa" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="وابية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="وابية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B7%D5%BE%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Էվիա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Էվիա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evbeya" title="Evbeya – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Evbeya" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%9E%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Эўбея – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Эўбея" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%9E%D0%B1%D1%8D%D1%8F" title="Эўбэя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Эўбэя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Евбея – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Евбея" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboea_Island" title="Euboea Island – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Euboea Island" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Euboea" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evia" title="Evia – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Evia" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eub%C3%B6a" title="Euböa – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Euböa" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Εύβοια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Εύβοια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C5%ADbeo" title="Eŭbeo – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Eŭbeo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ائوبویا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ائوبویا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evvia" title="Evvia – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Evvia" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eub%C3%A9e" title="Eubée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Eubée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%97%90%EB%B9%84%EC%95%84%EC%84%AC" title="에비아섬 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="에비아섬" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D5%BE%D5%A2%D5%A5%D5%A1" title="Եվբեա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Եվբեա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubeja" title="Eubeja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Eubeja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evbea" title="Evbea – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Evbea" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%94_(%D7%90%D7%99)" title="אוויה (אי) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אוויה (אי)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%90" title="ევბეა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ევბეა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Эвбея – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Эвбея" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Euboea" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eiboja" title="Eiboja – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Eiboja" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboja" title="Euboja – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Euboja" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89via" title="Évia – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Évia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Евбеја – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Евбеја" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%8A%D9%87" title="وابيه – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="وابيه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Euboea" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evia" title="Evia – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Evia" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E5%B3%B6" title="エヴィア島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="エヴィア島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eub%C3%B6a" title="Euböa – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Euböa" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evvia" title="Evvia – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Evvia" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89vvia" title="Évvia – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Évvia" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubeia" title="Eubeia – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Eubeia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evia" title="Evia – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Evia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Эвбея – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Эвбея" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubea" title="Eubea – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Eubea" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubbea" title="Eubbea – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Eubbea" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Euboea" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eub%C3%B3ja" title="Eubója – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Eubója" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="یوبویا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="یوبویا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Евбеја – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Евбеја" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubeja" title="Eubeja – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Eubeja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8B%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE" title="யூபோயா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யூபோயா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2" title="เกาะยูบีอา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เกาะยูบีอา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/E%C4%9Friboz" title="Eğriboz – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Eğriboz" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%95%D0%B2%D0%B1%D0%B5%D1%8F" title="Евбея – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Евбея" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A8%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ایوبویا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ایوبویا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Negroponte" title="Negroponte – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Negroponte" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboea" title="Euboea – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Euboea" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euboia" title="Euboia – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Euboia" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E7%BB%B4%E4%BA%9A%E5%B2%9B" title="埃维亚岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="埃维亚岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a 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<div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Euboea&params=38_30_N_24_00_E_region:GR-04_type:isle_scale:1250000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°00′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.500°N 24.000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.500; 24.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Second-largest Greek island</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the Greek island. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Euboea_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Euboea (disambiguation)">Euboea (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Negropont" redirects here. For the city, see <a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Negroponte_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Negroponte (disambiguation)">Negroponte (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Evvia" redirects here. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Evia_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Evia (disambiguation)">Evia</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Euboea</caption><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="ib-islands-native">Native name: <div class="nickname" lang="Greek">Εύβοια</div></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Euboea_from_space.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Euboea_from_space.jpg/330px-Euboea_from_space.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="323" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Euboea_from_space.jpg/500px-Euboea_from_space.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Euboea_from_space.jpg/960px-Euboea_from_space.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1934" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/NASA" title="NASA">NASA</a> picture of <a href="/wiki/Central_Greece_(geographic_region)" title="Central Greece (geographic region)">Central Greece</a> with Euboea lying to the right</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Euboea.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Euboea.png/330px-Euboea.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Euboea.png/500px-Euboea.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Euboea.png/960px-Euboea.png 2x" data-file-width="2467" data-file-height="2160" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Euboea&params=38_30_N_24_00_E_region:GR-04_type:isle_scale:1250000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">38°30′N</span> <span class="longitude">24°00′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">38.500°N 24.000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">38.500; 24.000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Archipelago</th><td class="infobox-data note"><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Islands" title="Aegean Islands">Aegean Islands</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Area</th><td class="infobox-data">3,684 km<sup>2</sup> (1,422 sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation</th><td class="infobox-data">1,743 m (5719 ft)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest point</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dirfi" title="Dirfi">Dirfi</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Administration</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Modern_regions_of_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Modern regions of Greece">Region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Central_Greece_(administrative_region)" title="Central Greece (administrative region)">Central Greece</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regional_units_of_Greece" title="Regional units of Greece">Regional unit</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euboea_(regional_unit)" title="Euboea (regional unit)">Euboea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Municipality</th><td class="infobox-data">Εύβοια</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Capital city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Demographics</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population</th><td class="infobox-data">191,206 (2011)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Pop. density</th><td class="infobox-data">54/km<sup>2</sup> (140/sq mi)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Additional information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postal code</th><td class="infobox-data">34x xx</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code(s)</a></th><td class="infobox-data">22x0</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plate" title="Vehicle registration plate">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">XA</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Official website</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.naevias.gr">www.naevias.gr</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Euboea</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/iː/: 'ee' in 'fleece'">iː</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling">yoo-<span style="font-size:90%">BEE</span>-ə</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Ancient Greek language">Ancient Greek</a>: <span lang="grc"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/%CE%95%E1%BD%94%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1" class="extiw" title="wikt:Εὔβοια">Εὔβοια</a></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Ancient_Greek" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Ancient Greek">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Ancient Greek-language romanization"><i lang="grc-Latn">Eúboia</i></span>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="grc-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[ěu̯boi̯a]</a></span>), also known by its modern spelling <b>Evia</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'v' in 'vie'">v</span><span title="/i/: 'y' in 'happy'">i</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">EV</span>-ee-ə</i></a>; <a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek" title="Modern Greek">Modern Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Εύβοια</span>, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991" /><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">IPA:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="el-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Greek" title="Help:IPA/Greek">[ˈevi.a]</a></span>), is the second-largest <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Greece" title="List of islands of Greece">Greek island</a> in area and population, after <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_in_the_Mediterranean#By_area" title="List of islands in the Mediterranean">sixth largest island</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a>. It is separated from <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a> in mainland <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a> by the narrow <a href="/wiki/Euripus_Strait" title="Euripus Strait">Euripus Strait</a> (only 40 m (130 ft) at its narrowest point).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In general outline it is a long and narrow island; it is about 180 km (110 mi) long, and varies in breadth from 50 km (31 mi) to 6 km (3.7 mi). Its geographic orientation is from northwest to southeast, and it is traversed throughout its length by a mountain range, which forms part of the chain that bounds <a href="/wiki/Thessaly" title="Thessaly">Thessaly</a> on the east, and is continued south of Euboia in the lofty islands of <a href="/wiki/Andros" title="Andros">Andros</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tinos" title="Tinos">Tinos</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mykonos" title="Mykonos">Mykonos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911865_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911865-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It forms most of the <a href="/wiki/Euboea_(regional_unit)" title="Euboea (regional unit)">regional unit of Euboea</a>, which also includes <a href="/wiki/Skyros" title="Skyros">Skyros</a> and a small area of the Greek mainland. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Name">Name</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Name"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Euboea_(mythology)" title="Euboea (mythology)">Euboea (mythology)</a></div> <p>Like most of the Greek islands, Euboea was known by other names in <a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greece" title="Ancient Greece">antiquity</a>, such as <i>Macris</i> (Μάκρις) and <i>Doliche</i> (Δολίχη) from its elongated shape, or <i>Ellopia</i> (after Ellops the son of <a href="/wiki/Ion_(mythology)" title="Ion (mythology)">Ion</a>), <i>Aonia</i> and <i>Abantis</i> from the tribes inhabiting it,<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911866-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> or <i>Ocha/Oche</i> (Ὄχη), which is also the name of one of the highest mountains on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-Strabo_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strabo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its ancient and current name, Εὔβοια, derives from the words εὖ "good", and βοῦς "ox", meaning "(the land of) the well(-fed) oxen". <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> writes that it took the name Euboea either by the heroine Euboea or because of a cave on the island at the Aegaean coast which was called <a href="/wiki/Bo%C3%B6saule" title="Boösaule">Boösaule</a> (<span title="Ancient Greek (to 1453)-language text"><span lang="grc">βοὸς αὐλὴ</span></span>, meaning <span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">cow's stall</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) and there <a href="/wiki/Io_(mythology)" title="Io (mythology)">Io</a> was said to have given birth to <a href="/wiki/Epaphus" title="Epaphus">Epaphus</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Strabo_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Strabo-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>, the island was often referred to by <a href="/wiki/Byzantine" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine">Byzantine</a> authors by the name of its capital, <i><a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a></i> (Χαλκίς) or <a href="/wiki/Euripus_Strait" title="Euripus Strait"><i>Euripos</i></a> (Εὔριπος,) the name of the strait that separates the island from the Greek mainland, although the ancient name Euboea remained in use by classicizing authors until the 16th century. </p><p>The phrase στὸν Εὔριπον 'to Evripos', <a href="/wiki/Rebracketing" title="Rebracketing">rebracketed</a> as στὸ Νεὔριπον 'to Nevripos', became <i>Negroponte</i> ("Black Bridge") in <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a> by <a href="/wiki/Folk_etymology" title="Folk etymology">folk etymology</a>, the <i>ponte</i> 'bridge' being interpreted as the bridge of Chalcis. This name was most relevant when the island was under <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Greece" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Greece">Venetian rule</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-gibbon_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gibbon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> That name entered common use in the West in the 13th century,<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with other variants being Egripons, Negripo, and Negropont.<sup id="cite_ref-gibbon_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gibbon-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman</a> rule, the island and its capital were known as <i>Eğriboz</i> or <i>Ağriboz</i>, again after the Euripos strait. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography_and_climate">Geography and climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Geography and climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Euboea_topo.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Euboea_topo.png/330px-Euboea_topo.png" decoding="async" width="280" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Euboea_topo.png/500px-Euboea_topo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Euboea_topo.png/960px-Euboea_topo.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1117" /></a><figcaption>Topography of Euboea and parts of the Greek mainland.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg/250px-Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg/330px-Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg/500px-Landscape_Eretria_Euboea_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Landscape near Eretria</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg/220px-20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg/330px-20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg/440px-20090510_Kanthli_mountain_Evia_Greece_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a><figcaption>View of <a href="/wiki/Kantili" title="Kantili">Kantili mountain</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Euboea was believed to have originally formed part of the mainland, and to have been separated from it by an <a href="/wiki/Earthquake" title="Earthquake">earthquake</a>. This is fairly probable, because it lies in the neighbourhood of a <a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">fault line</a>, and both <a href="/wiki/Thucydides" title="Thucydides">Thucydides</a> and <a href="/wiki/Strabo" title="Strabo">Strabo</a> write that the northern part of the island had been shaken at different periods.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911866-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the neighbourhood of <a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a>, both to the north and the south, the bays are so confined as to make plausible the story of <a href="/wiki/Agamemnon" title="Agamemnon">Agamemnon</a>'s fleet having been detained there by contrary winds. At Chalcis itself, where the strait is narrowest at only 40 m, it is called the <a href="/wiki/Euripus_Strait" title="Euripus Strait">Euripus Strait</a>. The extraordinary changes of tide that take place in this passage have been a subject of note since classical times, and it was so feared by sailors that the principal line of traffic from the north of the Aegean to Athens used to bypass Chalcis and the Euboic Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911866-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At one moment the current runs like a river in one direction, and shortly afterwards with equal velocity in the other. A bridge was first constructed here in the twenty-first year of the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a> (410 BC).<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911866-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Geography and nature divide the island itself into three distinct parts: the fertile and forested north (which suffered major damage in the August 2021 forest fires); the forested mountainous centre, with agriculture limited to the coastal valleys; and the barren south.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main mountains include <a href="/wiki/Dirfi" title="Dirfi">Dirfi</a> (1,743 m (5,719 ft)), <a href="/wiki/Kantili" title="Kantili">Kantili</a> (1,246 m (4,088 ft)), Pyxaria (1,341 m (4,400 ft)) in the northeast and <a href="/wiki/Ochi_Mountains" class="mw-redirect" title="Ochi Mountains">Ochi</a> (1,394 m (4,573 ft)) in the south. The neighboring gulfs are the <a href="/wiki/Pagasetic_Gulf" title="Pagasetic Gulf">Pagasetic Gulf</a> in the north, <a href="/wiki/Malian_Gulf" title="Malian Gulf">Malian Gulf</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Euboean_Gulf" title="North Euboean Gulf">North Euboean Gulf</a> in the west, the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Euboea" title="Gulf of Euboea">Euboic Sea</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Petalion_Gulf" class="mw-redirect" title="Petalion Gulf">Petalion Gulf</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Petalioi" title="Petalioi">Petalioi</a> archipelago lies to the southwest, while the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Monilia_(Greece)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Monilia (Greece) (page does not exist)">Monilia</a> islands lie to the west. </p><p>With a total land area of 3,684 km<sup>2</sup> (1,422 sq mi), the island had a population of 198,130 at the 2001 census. </p><p>Most of the island features a hot-summer <a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_climate" title="Mediterranean climate">Mediterranean climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen climate classification</a>: <i>Csa</i>) with hot, dry summers and cool, wet winters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Antiquity">Antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG/250px-Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG/330px-Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG/500px-Chalkis-Archaelogical-Museum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption>Exhibits in the archaeological museum of Chalcis.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Euboea_drachma.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Euboea_drachma.jpg/250px-Euboea_drachma.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="106" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Euboea_drachma.jpg/330px-Euboea_drachma.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/Euboea_drachma.jpg/500px-Euboea_drachma.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="241" /></a><figcaption>Silver <a href="/wiki/Ancient_drachma" title="Ancient drachma">drachma</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Euboean_League" title="Euboean League">Euboean League</a>. Obverse: Head of the <a href="/wiki/Euboea_(mythology)" title="Euboea (mythology)">nymph Euboea</a>. Reverse: <a href="/wiki/Bull" title="Bull">Bull</a>'s head, <a href="/wiki/Kantharos" title="Kantharos">kantharos</a> to right EY[ΒΟΙΕΩΝ] <i>"of the Euboeans"</i>.</figcaption></figure> <p>The history of the island of Euboea is largely that of its two principal cities, <a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Eretria" title="Eretria">Eretria</a>, both mentioned in the <a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Ships" title="Catalogue of Ships">Catalogue of Ships</a>. Both cities were settled by <a href="/wiki/Ionians" title="Ionians">Ionian</a> Greeks from <a href="/wiki/Attica" title="Attica">Attica</a>, and would eventually settle numerous colonies in <a href="/wiki/Magna_Graecia" title="Magna Graecia">Magna Graecia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a>, such as <a href="/wiki/Cumae" title="Cumae">Cumae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Reggio_Calabria" title="Reggio Calabria">Rhegium</a>, and on the coast of <a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a>. This opened new trade routes to the <a href="/wiki/Greeks" title="Greeks">Greeks</a>, and extended the reach of Western Civilization.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The commercial influence of these city-states is evident in the fact that the Euboic scale of weights and measures was used among the Ionic cities generally, and in <a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a> until the end of the 7th century BC, during the time of <a href="/wiki/Solon" title="Solon">Solon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911866-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The classicist <a href="/wiki/Barry_B._Powell" title="Barry B. Powell">Barry B. Powell</a> has proposed that Euboea may have been where the <a href="/wiki/Greek_alphabet" title="Greek alphabet">Greek alphabet</a> was first employed, c. 775–750 BC, and that <a href="/wiki/Homer" title="Homer">Homer</a> may have spent part of his life on the island.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Silver tetrobol from Euboia, Histaia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf/220px-Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="111" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf/330px-Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf/440px-Euboia_Histiaia_2_BMC61_1.xcf.png 2x" data-file-width="1690" data-file-height="854" /></a><figcaption>Silver tetrobol from Euboia, Histaia. Wreathed head of the Nymph Histiaia right; [ΙΣΤΙ] – ΑΕΙΩΝ, Nymph Histiaia seated right on stern of galley, ornamented with wing, holding naval standard; AP monogram and labrys in exergue; BMC 61; BCD 391</figcaption></figure> <p>Chalcis and Eretria were rival cities, and appear to have been equally powerful for a while. One of the earliest major military conflicts in Greek history took place between them, known as the <a href="/wiki/Lelantine_War" title="Lelantine War">Lelantine War</a>, in which many other Greek city-states also took part.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 490 BC, Eretria was utterly ruined by the Persian armies. Eretria, Athens, and other Ionian Greek states had previously burned the Persian city of Sardis and participated in the Ionian revolution. After Eretria was destroyed, its inhabitants were transported as captives to <a href="/wiki/Persian_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Persian Empire">Persia</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title="The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (April 2012)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Though it was restored nearby its original site after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Marathon" title="Battle of Marathon">Battle of Marathon</a>, the city never regained its former eminence.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911867-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following the battles of <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Thermopylae" title="Battle of Thermopylae">Thermopylae</a> and <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Artemisium" title="Battle of Artemisium">Artemisium</a> in 480 BC, <a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_Empire" title="Achaemenid Empire">Persian</a> forces occupied Euboea along with Attica and Boeotia.<sup id="cite_ref-L248_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L248-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Following their decisive defeat at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Plataea" title="Battle of Plataea">Battle of Plataea</a> the following year, the Persians withdrew from all of their European possessions, including Euboea. </p><p>Both cities gradually lost influence to Athens, which saw Euboea as a strategic territory. Euboea was an important source of <a href="/wiki/Grain" title="Grain">grain</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cattle" title="Cattle">cattle</a>, and controlling the island meant Athens could prevent invasion and better protect its trade routes from <a href="/wiki/Piracy#Ancient_origins" title="Piracy">piracy</a>. Athens invaded Chalcis in 506 BC and settled 4,000 Attic Greeks on their lands. After this conflict, the whole of the island was gradually reduced to an Athenian dependency.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Another struggle between Euboea and Athens broke out in 446. Led by <a href="/wiki/Pericles" title="Pericles">Pericles</a>, the Athenians subdued the revolt, and captured <a href="/wiki/Istiaia" title="Istiaia">Histiaea</a> in the north of the island for their own settlement.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911867-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 410 BC, during the <a href="/wiki/Peloponnesian_War" title="Peloponnesian War">Peloponnesian War</a>, the island succeeded in regaining its independence. Euboea participated in Greek affairs until it fell under the control of <a href="/wiki/Philip_II_of_Macedon" title="Philip II of Macedon">Philip II of Macedon</a> after the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chaeronea_(338_BC)" title="Battle of Chaeronea (338 BC)">Battle of Chaeronea</a> in 338 BC. It was incorporated into the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Republic" title="Roman Republic">Roman Republic</a> in the second century BC.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911867-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Aristotle" title="Aristotle">Aristotle</a> died on the island in 322 BC soon after fleeing Athens for his mother's family estate in Chalcis. From the early <a href="/wiki/Hellenistic_period" title="Hellenistic period">Hellenistic period</a> to well into the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman Imperial period</a>, the island was organized into the <a href="/wiki/Euboean_League" title="Euboean League">Euboean League</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg/250px-%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg/330px-%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg/500px-%CE%86%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AE%CF%84%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%91%CF%85%CE%BB%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B9_8229.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4632" data-file-height="3464" /></a><figcaption>St Demetrius in <a href="/wiki/Avlonari" title="Avlonari">Avlonari</a> (10th)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Greece_in_1210.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Greece_in_1210.svg/250px-Greece_in_1210.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Greece_in_1210.svg/330px-Greece_in_1210.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/25/Greece_in_1210.svg/500px-Greece_in_1210.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3508" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption>Negroponte and the other Greek and Latin states of southern Greece, c. 1210.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82,_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82%2C_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg/250px-%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82%2C_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82%2C_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg/330px-%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82%2C_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82%2C_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg/500px-%CE%9D%CE%B1%CF%8C%CF%82_%CE%91%CE%B3%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A0%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%83%CE%BA%CE%B5%CF%85%CE%AE%CF%82%2C_%CE%A7%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BA%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%B1_1058.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4049" data-file-height="3353" /></a><figcaption>Medieval church of Agia Paraskevi, <a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a>.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Castel_tower_Karystos,_Euboea,_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Castel_tower_Karystos%2C_Euboea%2C_Greece.jpg/250px-Castel_tower_Karystos%2C_Euboea%2C_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Castel_tower_Karystos%2C_Euboea%2C_Greece.jpg/330px-Castel_tower_Karystos%2C_Euboea%2C_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Castel_tower_Karystos%2C_Euboea%2C_Greece.jpg/500px-Castel_tower_Karystos%2C_Euboea%2C_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5837" data-file-height="3230" /></a><figcaption>Kokkinokastro (Castelrosso) of <a href="/wiki/Karystos" title="Karystos">Karystos</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg/250px-Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="131" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg/330px-Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/93/Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg/500px-Bourtzi_castle_Karystos_Euboea_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5999" data-file-height="3567" /></a><figcaption>Bourtzi castle, <a href="/wiki/Karystos" title="Karystos">Karystos</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Unlike much of <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greece" title="Byzantine Greece">Byzantine Greece</a>, Euboea was spared the bulk of the barbarian raids during <a href="/wiki/Late_antiquity" title="Late antiquity">late antiquity</a> and the early medieval period, due to its relatively isolated location. The <a href="/wiki/Vandals" title="Vandals">Vandals</a> raided its shores in 466 and in 475, but the island seems to have been left alone by the <a href="/wiki/Pannonian_Avars" title="Pannonian Avars">Avars</a> and <a href="/wiki/Slavs" title="Slavs">Slavs</a>, and it was not until a failed Arab attack on Chalcis in the 870s that the island again came under threat.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As a result, the island preserved a relative prosperity throughout the early medieval period, as attested by finds of mosaics, churches and sculpture throughout the 7th century, "even from remote areas of the island". In the 6th century, the <i><a href="/wiki/Synecdemus" title="Synecdemus">Synecdemus</a></i> listed four cities on the island, <a href="/wiki/Aidipsos" title="Aidipsos">Aidipsos</a>, Chalcis, Porthmos (modern <a href="/wiki/Aliveri" title="Aliveri">Aliveri</a>) and <a href="/wiki/Karystos" title="Karystos">Karystos</a>, and a number of other sites are known as bishoprics in the subsequent centuries (<a href="/wiki/Oreoi" title="Oreoi">Oreoi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avlon,_Euboea" title="Avlon, Euboea">Avlon</a>), although their urban character is unclear.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 8th century, Euboea formed a distinct fiscal district (<i>dioikesis</i>), and then formed part of the <a href="/wiki/Theme_(Byzantine_district)" title="Theme (Byzantine district)">theme</a> of <a href="/wiki/Hellas_(theme)" title="Hellas (theme)">Hellas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1157 all the coastal towns of Euboea were destroyed by a <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicilian</a> force,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while Chalcis was burned down by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetians</a> in 1171.<sup id="cite_ref-ODB_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> During the 13th century, the Greek element of the island was strengthened by the Byzantine Emperor Michael Palaiologos.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Euboea came into prominence following the <a href="/wiki/Fourth_Crusade" title="Fourth Crusade">Fourth Crusade</a>. In the partition of the Byzantine Empire by the crusaders after 1204, the island was occupied by a number of <a href="/wiki/Lombardy" title="Lombardy">Lombard</a> families, who divided it into three baronies, the <a href="/wiki/Triarchy_of_Negroponte" title="Triarchy of Negroponte">Triarchy of Negroponte</a>; each barony was split in 1216, giving six <a href="/wiki/Sestiere" class="mw-redirect" title="Sestiere">sestiere</a>. The island's rulers came early on under the influence of the <a href="/wiki/Venetian_Republic" class="mw-redirect" title="Venetian Republic">Venetian Republic</a>, which secured control of the island's commerce in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_the_Euboeote_Succession" title="War of the Euboeote Succession">War of the Euboeote Succession</a> (1256–1258) and gradually expanded its control, until they acquired full sovereignty by 1390. </p><p>On 12 July 1470, during the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman%E2%80%93Venetian_War_(1463%E2%80%931479)" title="Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–1479)">Ottoman–Venetian War of 1463–1479</a> and after a <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Negroponte_(1470)" title="Siege of Negroponte (1470)">protracted and bloody siege</a>, the well-fortified city of Negroponte (Chalcis) was wrested from Venice by <a href="/wiki/Mehmed_II" title="Mehmed II">Mehmed II</a> and the whole island fell into the hands of the <a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire" title="Ottoman Empire">Ottoman Empire</a>. The Doge <a href="/wiki/Francesco_Morosini" title="Francesco Morosini">Francesco Morosini</a> besieged the city in 1688, but was forced to withdraw after three months.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911867-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Albanians" title="Albanians">Albanians</a> started settling Euboea gradually, since 1402, encouraged by the <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Venice" title="Republic of Venice">Venetians</a>. In 1425, a total of 10,000 Albanians from various regions were settled in Euboea. A further indeterminate number of Albanians settled in the island in 1435. These Albanians intermingled with the local Greeks of the island.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A contemporary report (1687) notes that in 1471 Greeks had abandoned the island and by 1687 almost all of the island was inhabited by Albanians. This isn't corroborated in other reports so it likely presents a doubtful depiction of the demographic situation in the island.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to <a href="/wiki/Johann_Georg_von_Hahn" title="Johann Georg von Hahn">Johann Georg Von Hahn</a> (1854), Albanians were present in all of the cities of southern Euboea, excluding the town of <a href="/wiki/Karystos" title="Karystos">Karystos</a> which was inhabited solely by Greeks.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Elsie_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Elsie-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Hahn, the Albanians numbered 25,000 in south Euboea, out of 72,368 total population of the island as a whole.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Greek inhabitants of south Euboea spoke a certain dialect related to <a href="/wiki/Varieties_of_Modern_Greek#Modern_varieties" title="Varieties of Modern Greek">Old Athenian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This dialect was spoken in Kymi, Avlonari, Konistres, Aliveri, Karystos and other places.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Although the name Negroponte remained current in European languages until the 19th century, the Turks themselves called the city and the island Eğriboz or Ağriboz after the Euripos Strait. Under Ottoman rule, Ağriboz was the seat of a <a href="/wiki/Sanjak_of_A%C4%9Friboz" class="mw-redirect" title="Sanjak of Ağriboz">sanjak</a> that also encompassed much of <a href="/wiki/Central_Greece_(geographic_region)" title="Central Greece (geographic region)">Continental Greece</a>. </p><p>At the conclusion of the <a href="/wiki/Greek_War_of_Independence" title="Greek War of Independence">Greek War of Independence</a> in 1830, the island returned to Greece and constituted a part of the newly established independent <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Greece_(Wittelsbach)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Greece (Wittelsbach)">Greek kingdom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911867-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_period">Modern period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modern period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bridge_of_Chalcis,_Euboea_(3).JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Bridge_of_Chalcis%2C_Euboea_%283%29.JPG/250px-Bridge_of_Chalcis%2C_Euboea_%283%29.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Bridge_of_Chalcis%2C_Euboea_%283%29.JPG/330px-Bridge_of_Chalcis%2C_Euboea_%283%29.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Bridge_of_Chalcis%2C_Euboea_%283%29.JPG/500px-Bridge_of_Chalcis%2C_Euboea_%283%29.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="2672" /></a><figcaption>The Chalcis' Bridge connecting the island with the mainland of <a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1982, in the Greek-speaking village of Antia in southern Euboea, the entire population knew the local <a href="/wiki/Whistled_language" title="Whistled language">whistled language</a> called <i>sfyria</i> (from the Greek word <i>sfyrizo</i> 'whistle'),<sup id="cite_ref-Stein2017_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stein2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but only a few whistlers remain in the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-Meyer2005_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Meyer2005-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Sfyria</i> is "a whistled version of spoken Greek, in which letters and syllables correspond to distinct tones and frequencies."<sup id="cite_ref-Stein2017_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stein2017-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Beginning in late 1943, 1,000 Greek Jews were smuggled from <a href="/wiki/Salonika" class="mw-redirect" title="Salonika">Thessaloniki</a> and Athens via the island by the <a href="/wiki/Greek_Resistance" class="mw-redirect" title="Greek Resistance">Greek Resistance</a> and British <a href="/wiki/MI11" title="MI11">MI11</a> to <a href="/wiki/%C3%87e%C5%9Fme" title="Çeşme">Çeşme</a> in neutral <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a>, thereby escaping <a href="/wiki/The_Holocaust_in_Greece" title="The Holocaust in Greece">the Holocaust in Greece</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Euboea is linked to the mainland by two bridges, one that runs through Chalcis and is also accessible from <a href="/wiki/Thebes,_Greece" title="Thebes, Greece">Thebes</a>, and another which bypasses Chalcis and is accessed from Athens. All of Euboea's modern bridges are <a href="/wiki/Suspension_bridge" title="Suspension bridge">suspended</a>. </p><p>In the 1980s, the <a href="/wiki/Dystos" title="Dystos">Dystos</a> lake was filled with grass which was set on fire by farmers to make more farmland. This act caused devastation of much of the plants and the environment in that area.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> A part of the lake later regenerated. Also the municipalities of Anthidona and Avlida in the mid to late 20th century, which once were part of <a href="/wiki/Boeotia" title="Boeotia">Boeotia</a>, reverted to Chalcis.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2008)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Since then, the postal codes have corresponded with the rest of Euboea, including Skyros. </p><p>A week-long major <a href="/wiki/2021_Greece_wildfires" title="2021 Greece wildfires">forest fire in 2021</a> destroyed over 50,000 hectares of forest and agricultural land in the north of the island, one of the largest forest fires in modern Greek history. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Mythology">Mythology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Mythology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The promontory of Canaeum, which lies opposite the Malian Gulf, together with the neighbouring coast of <a href="/wiki/Trachis" title="Trachis">Trachis</a>, was the scene of the events connected with the death of <a href="/wiki/Heracles" title="Heracles">Heracles</a>, as described by <a href="/wiki/Sophocles" title="Sophocles">Sophocles</a> in the <i><a href="/wiki/Trachiniae" class="mw-redirect" title="Trachiniae">Trachiniae</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911865_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911865-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Based on the records of the 2nd century AD geographer <a href="/wiki/Pausanias_(geographer)" title="Pausanias (geographer)">Pausanias</a>, it is suspected that the <a href="/wiki/Titan_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titan (mythology)">Titan</a> god <a href="/wiki/Crius" title="Crius">Crius</a> is an indigenous deity.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Demographics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population of the island, according to the census of 2001, was 198,130, making it the second most populous island of Greece. As a whole the Euboeans share a cultural identity similar to that of the people in the rest of <a href="/wiki/Central_Greece_(geographic_region)" title="Central Greece (geographic region)">Central Greece</a> and speak a <a href="/wiki/Varieties_of_Modern_Greek" title="Varieties of Modern Greek">southern variety</a> of <a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>. In the southern part of the island there are <a href="/wiki/Arvanites" title="Arvanites">Arvanite</a> communities. Until the 1970s there were still monolingual speakers of Arvanitika in southern Euboea. As of the late 20th century, in southern Euboea there were about 60 villages inhabited by Arvanites.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Sarakatsani" title="Sarakatsani">Sarakatsani</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vlachs" title="Vlachs">Vlachs</a> could be found mainly in the mountainous areas in central and northern Euboea respectively, but nowadays they have abandoned the nomadic way of life and live permanently in the towns and villages across the island. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economics">Economics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Economics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The mining areas include <a href="/wiki/Magnesite" title="Magnesite">magnesite</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mantoudi" title="Mantoudi">Mantoudi</a> and <a href="/wiki/Limni,_Euboea" title="Limni, Euboea">Limni</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lignite" title="Lignite">lignite</a> in <a href="/wiki/Aliveri" title="Aliveri">Aliveri</a> and <a href="/wiki/Iron" title="Iron">iron</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nickel" title="Nickel">nickel</a> from <a href="/wiki/Dirfys" title="Dirfys">Dirfys</a>. <a href="/wiki/Marble" title="Marble">Marble</a> is mined 3 km (2 mi) north of <a href="/wiki/Eretria" title="Eretria">Eretria</a> which include <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marmor_Chalcidicum&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Marmor Chalcidicum (page does not exist)">Marmor Chalcidicum</a></i> and <a href="/wiki/Asbestos" title="Asbestos">asbestos</a> in the northeastern part of <a href="/wiki/Carystus" title="Carystus">Carystus</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Okhi_mountain" class="mw-redirect" title="Okhi mountain">Okhi mountain</a>. The trees include <a href="/wiki/Chestnuts" class="mw-redirect" title="Chestnuts">chestnuts</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Greek_National_Road_44" title="Greek National Road 44">Greek National Road 44</a>, Cen., S, SE</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_National_Road_77" title="Greek National Road 77">Greek National Road 77</a> NW, N, W, Cen.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Local_administration">Local administration</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Local administration"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The island belongs to <a href="/wiki/Euboea_Prefecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Euboea Prefecture">Euboea Prefecture</a> which also includes two municipalities on the mainland, <a href="/wiki/Anthidona" title="Anthidona">Anthidona</a> and <a href="/wiki/Avlida" title="Avlida">Avlida</a>, as well as the island municipality of <a href="/wiki/Skyros" title="Skyros">Skyros</a>. At the 2001 census the prefecture had a population of 215,136 inhabitants, whereas the island itself had a population of 198,130. The prefecture's land area is 4,167.449 km<sup>2</sup> (65 sq mi), whereas the total land area of the municipalities actually on the island is 3,684.848 km<sup>2</sup> (264 sq mi), which includes that of numerous small offshore islets (<a href="/wiki/Petalioi" title="Petalioi">Petalioi</a>) near Euboea's southeastern tip. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sotiria_Bellou" title="Sotiria Bellou">Sotiria Bellou</a> (1921–1997), singer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordechai_Frizis" title="Mordechai Frizis">Mordechai Frizis</a> (1893–1940), <a href="/wiki/Romaniotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Romaniotes">Romaniote</a> general who helped defeat <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Italy" title="Kingdom of Italy">fascist Italy's</a> <a href="/wiki/Julia_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="Julia Division">Julia Division</a> in <a href="/wiki/Northern_Epirus" title="Northern Epirus">southern Albania</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Greco-Italian_War" title="Greco-Italian War">Greco-Italian War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Kallias" title="Konstantinos Kallias">Konstantinos Kallias</a> (9 July 1901 – 7 April 2004), politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolaos_Kriezotis" title="Nikolaos Kriezotis">Nikolaos Kriezotis</a> (1785–1853),<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> leader of the Greek Revolution on Euboea</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demetrios_Magiros" title="Demetrios Magiros">Demetrios Magiros</a> (1912–1982), mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orestis_Makris" title="Orestis Makris">Orestis Makris</a> (1898–1975), actor and tenor</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Georgios_Papanikolaou" title="Georgios Papanikolaou">Georgios Papanikolaou</a> (1883–1962), physician, pioneer in cytology and early cancer detection, creator of the <a href="/wiki/Pap_test" title="Pap test">Pap test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikos_Skalkottas" title="Nikos Skalkottas">Nikos Skalkottas</a> (1901–1949), composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Giannis_Skarimpas" title="Giannis Skarimpas">Giannis Skarimpas</a> (1893–1984),<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> writer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porphyrios_(Bairaktaris)_of_Kafsokalivia" class="mw-redirect" title="Porphyrios (Bairaktaris) of Kafsokalivia">Porphyrios</a> (1906–1991), saint of the Orthodox Church</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_M._Marcus" title="George M. Marcus">George Marcus</a>, (1941–present), Greek-American real estate pioneer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sporting_teams">Sporting teams</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Sporting teams"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Football: <a href="/wiki/Chalkida_F.C." title="Chalkida F.C.">Chalkida F.C.</a>, Chalkida, third division</li> <li>Basketball: <a href="/wiki/Chalkida_BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Chalkida BC">Chalkida BC</a>, Chalkida, <a href="/wiki/A2_Ethniki" class="mw-redirect" title="A2 Ethniki">Greek A2 League</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kymis_BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Kymis BC">Kymis BC</a>, Kymi</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional center"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Eretria_Upper_Gymnasium.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The upper gymnasion of ancient Eretria"><img alt="The upper gymnasion of ancient Eretria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Eretria_Upper_Gymnasium.jpg/120px-Eretria_Upper_Gymnasium.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Eretria_Upper_Gymnasium.jpg/250px-Eretria_Upper_Gymnasium.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4592" data-file-height="3056" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The upper gymnasion of ancient <a href="/wiki/Eretria" title="Eretria">Eretria</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Depiction of Negroponte (Chalcis) by Giacomo Franco (1597)"><img alt="Depiction of Negroponte (Chalcis) by Giacomo Franco (1597)" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg/120px-Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg/180px-Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg/240px-Negroponte_by_Giacomo_Franco.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1258" data-file-height="731" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Depiction of Negroponte (<a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a>) by Giacomo Franco (1597)</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aliveri-church.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Church in Aliveri"><img alt="Church in Aliveri" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aliveri-church.jpg/120px-Aliveri-church.jpg" decoding="async" width="109" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Aliveri-church.jpg/250px-Aliveri-church.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1872" data-file-height="2052" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Church in <a href="/wiki/Aliveri" title="Aliveri">Aliveri</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Avlonari_tower_Euboea_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Venetian tower in Avlonari"><img alt="Venetian tower in Avlonari" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Avlonari_tower_Euboea_Greece.jpg/120px-Avlonari_tower_Euboea_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="86" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Avlonari_tower_Euboea_Greece.jpg/250px-Avlonari_tower_Euboea_Greece.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="3920" data-file-height="5472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Venetian tower in <a href="/wiki/Avlonari" title="Avlonari">Avlonari</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Kastro_Trachili_Euboea_Greece.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Venetian tower of Trachili"><img alt="Venetian tower of Trachili" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kastro_Trachili_Euboea_Greece.jpg/120px-Kastro_Trachili_Euboea_Greece.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/16/Kastro_Trachili_Euboea_Greece.jpg/250px-Kastro_Trachili_Euboea_Greece.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3672" data-file-height="5529" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Venetian tower of Trachili</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ebbe_in_Chalkida.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Beach of Chalcis"><img alt="Beach of Chalcis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ebbe_in_Chalkida.jpg/120px-Ebbe_in_Chalkida.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Ebbe_in_Chalkida.jpg/250px-Ebbe_in_Chalkida.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1014" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Beach of <a href="/wiki/Chalcis" title="Chalcis">Chalcis</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dragon_house_oche.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Dragon house on Mount Ochi"><img alt="The Dragon house on Mount Ochi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Dragon_house_oche.jpg/120px-Dragon_house_oche.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Dragon_house_oche.jpg/180px-Dragon_house_oche.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/37/Dragon_house_oche.jpg/240px-Dragon_house_oche.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="767" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"> The <a href="/wiki/Dragon_houses" title="Dragon houses">Dragon house</a> on <a href="/wiki/Ochi_(mountain)" title="Ochi (mountain)">Mount Ochi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Dirfi_river.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="A tiny river flowing by the Dirfi mountain"><img alt="A tiny river flowing by the Dirfi mountain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Dirfi_river.JPG/120px-Dirfi_river.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/21/Dirfi_river.JPG/250px-Dirfi_river.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A tiny river flowing by the Dirfi mountain</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B7_2145.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Kymi"><img alt="Kymi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B7_2145.jpg/120px-%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B7_2145.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B7_2145.jpg/250px-%CE%9A%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B7_2145.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="4632" data-file-height="3464" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Kymi,_Greece" title="Kymi, Greece">Kymi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aidipsos.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Aidipsos"><img alt="View of Aidipsos" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Aidipsos.JPG/120px-Aidipsos.JPG" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Aidipsos.JPG/250px-Aidipsos.JPG 1.5x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of <a href="/wiki/Aidipsos" title="Aidipsos">Aidipsos</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_settlements_in_the_Euboea_regional_unit" title="List of settlements in the Euboea regional unit">List of settlements in the Euboea regional unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Greek_place_names" title="List of Greek place names">List of Greek place names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1119_Euboea" title="1119 Euboea">1119 Euboea</a> – Background asteroid</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Euripus">"Euripus | strait, Greece"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-08-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Euripus+%7C+strait%2C+Greece&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FEuripus&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911865-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911865_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911865_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTozer1911">Tozer 1911</a>, p. 865.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911866-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911866_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTozer1911">Tozer 1911</a>, p. 866.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Strabo-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Strabo_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Strabo_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.01.0198:book=10:chapter=1">Strabo, Geography, 10.1</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gibbon-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-gibbon_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-gibbon_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward Gibbon, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Decline_and_Fall_of_the_Roman_Empire" class="mw-redirect" title="The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire">The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire</a></i>, J.B. Bury, ed., Methuen, 1898 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FeU7AQAAIAAJ&pg=PA390">p. <b>6</b>:390</a>, footnote 69</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ODB-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ODB_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGregoryŠevčenko1991" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Gregory, Timothy E.; Ševčenko, Nancy Patterson (1991). "Euboea". In <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Kazhdan" title="Alexander Kazhdan">Kazhdan, Alexander</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Oxford_Dictionary_of_Byzantium" class="mw-redirect" title="The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium">The Oxford Dictionary of Byzantium</a></i>. Oxford and New York: Oxford University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">736–</span>737. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-504652-6"><bdi>978-0-19-504652-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Euboea&rft.btitle=The+Oxford+Dictionary+of+Byzantium&rft.place=Oxford+and+New+York&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E736-%3C%2Fspan%3E737&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=978-0-19-504652-6&rft.aulast=Gregory&rft.aufirst=Timothy+E.&rft.au=%C5%A0ev%C4%8Denko%2C+Nancy+Patterson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Lane Fox, Robin. <i>Travelling Heroes</i> (London: Penguin, 2008) <i>passim</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFPowell" class="citation web cs1">Powell, Barry B. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171224101338/http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/ElAnt/V1N2/powell">"Did Homer Sing at Lefkandi?"</a>. <i>Scholar.lib.vt.edu</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/ejournals/ElAnt/V1N2/powell">the original</a> on 24 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Scholar.lib.vt.edu&rft.atitle=Did+Homer+Sing+at+Lefkandi%3F&rft.aulast=Powell&rft.aufirst=Barry+B.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fscholar.lib.vt.edu%2Fejournals%2FElAnt%2FV1N2%2Fpowell&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thucydides: <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Peloponnesian_War" title="History of the Peloponnesian War">History of the Peloponnesian War</a>. I 15.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTETozer1911867-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTETozer1911867_10-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFTozer1911">Tozer 1911</a>, p. 867.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-L248-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-L248_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFLazenby1993" class="citation book cs1">Lazenby, John Francis (23 December 1993). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=mVRwQgAACAAJ&q=Lazenby+writer+greece+history"><i>The Defence of Greece, 490-479 B.C.</i></a> Aris & Phillips. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780856685910" title="Special:BookSources/9780856685910"><bdi>9780856685910</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 December</span> 2017</span> – via Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Defence+of+Greece%2C+490-479+B.C.&rft.pub=Aris+%26+Phillips&rft.date=1993-12-23&rft.isbn=9780856685910&rft.aulast=Lazenby&rft.aufirst=John+Francis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DmVRwQgAACAAJ%26q%3DLazenby%2Bwriter%2Bgreece%2Bhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.forumancientcoins.com/gallery/thumbnails.php?album=search&search=Anepigraphic">"Forum Ancient Coins"</a>. <i>Forum Ancient Coins</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2018-01-11</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forum+Ancient+Coins&rft.atitle=Forum+Ancient+Coins&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.forumancientcoins.com%2Fgallery%2Fthumbnails.php%3Falbum%3Dsearch%26search%3DAnepigraphic&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Norwich, John Julius. <i>Byzantium: The Decline and Fall</i> (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1996) p. 116</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-:1_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Γερογιάννη, Ευαγγελία. (2013). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://olympias.lib.uoi.gr/jspui/bitstream/123456789/1171/1/%CE%9C.%20%CE%95.%20%CE%93%CE%95%CE%A1%CE%9F%CE%93%CE%99%CE%91%CE%9D%CE%9D%CE%97%20%CE%95%CE%A5%CE%91%CE%93%CE%93%CE%95%CE%9B%CE%99%CE%91.pdf">Οι Τοπικές Ενδυμασίες της Εύβοιας: Παρελθόν – Παρόν</a></i>. University of Ioannina. p. 24.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFΦάραντος1984" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Φάραντος, Χαράλαμπος Δ. (1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZI5NAAAAYAAJ"><i>Δύο σταυρεπίστεγοι Ναοί στις περιοχές των χωριών: Μετόχι και Λενωσαίοι της Νότιας Εύβοιας</i></a> (in Greek). Εταιρεία Ευβοϊκών Σπουδών. <q>Τὸ ὀλιγάνθρωπο τῆς περιοχῆς ἀνάγκασε τοὺς Φράγκους δυνάστες τῆς Εὔβοιας νὰ ἐπιτρέψουν τὴν ἐγκατάσταση ̓Αλβανῶν ( Αρβανιτῶν ) στὴ Νότια Εὔβοια · ἀπὸ τὸ 1402. Αὐτοὶ οἱ νέοι κάτοικοι, οἱ ̓Αρβανίτες, ἀναμείχτηκαν μὲ τὸν ἑλληνικὸ (= ντόπιο) πληθυσμό, ποὺ κατοικοῦσε στὸν ἴδιο χῶρο, καὶ ρίζωσαν στὸν σκληρὸ αὐτὸν τόπο.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=%CE%94%CF%8D%CE%BF+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%85%CF%81%CE%B5%CF%80%CE%AF%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%BF%CE%B9+%CE%9D%CE%B1%CE%BF%CE%AF+%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B9%CF%82+%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%87%CE%AD%CF%82+%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD+%CF%87%CF%89%CF%81%CE%B9%CF%8E%CE%BD%3A+%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%8C%CF%87%CE%B9+%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B9+%CE%9B%CE%B5%CE%BD%CF%89%CF%83%CE%B1%CE%AF%CE%BF%CE%B9+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%9D%CF%8C%CF%84%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82+%CE%95%CF%8D%CE%B2%CE%BF%CE%B9%CE%B1%CF%82&rft.pub=%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1+%CE%95%CF%85%CE%B2%CE%BF%CF%8A%CE%BA%CF%8E%CE%BD+%CE%A3%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%B4%CF%8E%CE%BD&rft.date=1984&rft.aulast=%CE%A6%CE%AC%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%82&rft.aufirst=%CE%A7%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%BF%CF%82+%CE%94.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZI5NAAAAYAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFNakratzas1996" class="citation book cs1">Nakratzas, Georgios (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=o1BoAAAAMAAJ"><i>Hē stenē ethnologikē syngeneia tōn sēmerinōn Hellēnōn, Voulgarōn kai Tourkōn: Ēpeiros-Notia Hellada</i></a>. Batavia. pp. <span class="nowrap">89–</span>90. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789608580008" title="Special:BookSources/9789608580008"><bdi>9789608580008</bdi></a>. <q>[...] για να ενισχύσει το 1425 με την εγκατάσταση 10.000 Αλβανών. Η εποίκηση αυτή συνεχίστηκε το 1435 με την εγκατάσταση στο νησία ενός άγνωστου αριθμού Αλβανών. Στη βιβλιογραφία αναφέρεται πως το 1471 ο ελληνικός πληθυσμός εγκατέλειψε την Εύβοια, με συνέπεια το 1687 σχεδόν ολόκληρος ο πληθυσμός του νησιού να αποτελείται από Αλβανούς. Η πληροφορία αυτή δε διασταυρώνεται και από άλλες βιβλιογραφικές πηγές, γεγονός που καθιστά την αξιοπιστία της αμφίβολη. Εκείνο που είναι γενικά παραδεκτό είναι η διαπίστωση του Hanh ότι τον 19ον αιώνα ολόκληρος ο πληθυσμός της νότιας Εύβοιας, με μοναδική εξαίρεση την Κάρυστο, αποτελούνταν από 25.000 Αλβανούς, οι οποίοι πέρασαν ολοκληρωτικά στην ελληνική κουλτούρα.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=H%C4%93+sten%C4%93+ethnologik%C4%93+syngeneia+t%C5%8Dn+s%C4%93merin%C5%8Dn+Hell%C4%93n%C5%8Dn%2C+Voulgar%C5%8Dn+kai+Tourk%C5%8Dn%3A+%C4%92peiros-Notia+Hellada&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E89-%3C%2Fspan%3E90&rft.pub=Batavia&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=9789608580008&rft.aulast=Nakratzas&rft.aufirst=Georgios&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Do1BoAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHahn1854" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Hahn, Johann Georg (1854). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EhA5AQAAMAAJ"><i>Albanesische Studien</i></a> (in German). Verlag von Friedrich Mauke. p. 32.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Albanesische+Studien&rft.pages=32&rft.pub=Verlag+von+Friedrich+Mauke&rft.date=1854&rft.aulast=Hahn&rft.aufirst=Johann+Georg&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEhA5AQAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Elsie-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Elsie_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElsie2010" class="citation book cs1">Elsie, Robert (2010). <i>Historical Dictionary of Albania</i>. Historical Dictionaries of Europe. Scarecrow Press. p. 172. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7380-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8108-7380-3"><bdi>978-0-8108-7380-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+Albania&rft.series=Historical+Dictionaries+of+Europe&rft.pages=172&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-8108-7380-3&rft.aulast=Elsie&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFThumb1891" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Thumb, Albert (1891). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://anemi.lib.uoc.gr/metadata/c/7/9/metadata-181-0000370.tkl">"Μελέτη Περί της Σημερινής Εν Αιγινή Λαλούμενης Διαλέκτου"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5uPfAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA119"><i>Αθηνά: Σύγγραμμα Περιοδικόν της εν Αθήναις Επιστημονικής Εταιρείας</i></a> (in Greek). Εκ του Τυπογραφείου των Αδελφών Περρή. p. 119.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%84%CE%B7+%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%AF+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%A3%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%95%CE%BD+%CE%91%CE%B9%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BD%CE%AE+%CE%9B%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BC%CE%B5%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%94%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%AD%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85&rft.btitle=%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%B7%CE%BD%CE%AC%3A+%CE%A3%CF%8D%CE%B3%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BC%CE%B1+%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B4%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C%CE%BD+%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82+%CE%B5%CE%BD+%CE%91%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%82+%CE%95%CF%80%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%BF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE%CF%82+%CE%95%CF%84%CE%B1%CE%B9%CF%81%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82.&rft.pages=119&rft.pub=%CE%95%CE%BA+%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%85+%CE%A4%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF%CE%B3%CF%81%CE%B1%CF%86%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF%CF%85+%CF%84%CF%89%CE%BD+%CE%91%CE%B4%CE%B5%CE%BB%CF%86%CF%8E%CE%BD+%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%81%CE%AE&rft.date=1891&rft.aulast=Thumb&rft.aufirst=Albert&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fanemi.lib.uoc.gr%2Fmetadata%2Fc%2F7%2F9%2Fmetadata-181-0000370.tkl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Παντελίδης, Νικόλαος (2016). <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.phil.uoa.gr/fileadmin/phil.uoa.gr/uploads/linguistics/Pdf/papers/Pantelidis_2016__To_palaioathinaiko_idioma.pdf">Tο παλαιοαθηναϊκό ιδίωμα: Πηγές, μαρτυρίες, χαρακτηριστικά</a></i>. <i>Glossologia</i>: University of Athens. p. 24. "Η γλωσσική ποικιλία της Αθήνας (και της Αττικής γενικά) εντάσσεται, όπως προαναφέρθηκε, σε μια ομάδα μαζί με τα ιδιώματα της Αίγινας, των Μεγάρων και της νοτιότερης Εύβοιας (Κύμη, Αυλωνάρι, Κονίστρες, Αλιβέρι, Κάρυστος κ.λπ.)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stein2017-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Stein2017_21-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Stein2017_21-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStein2017" class="citation news cs1">Stein, Eliot (1 August 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170801161637/http://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20170731-greeces-disappearing-whistled-language">"Greece's disappearing whistled language"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Travel" class="mw-redirect" title="BBC Travel">BBC Travel</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/travel/story/20170731-greeces-disappearing-whistled-language">the original</a> on 1 August 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+Travel&rft.atitle=Greece%27s+disappearing+whistled+language&rft.date=2017-08-01&rft.aulast=Stein&rft.aufirst=Eliot&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Ftravel%2Fstory%2F20170731-greeces-disappearing-whistled-language&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Meyer2005-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Meyer2005_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMeyer2005" class="citation thesis cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Meyer, Julien (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lemondesiffle.free.fr/projet/science/TheseMeyer.pdf"><i>Description typologique et intelligibilité des langues sifflées, approche linguistique et bioacoustique</i></a> [<i>Typology and intelligibility of whistled languages: approach in linguistics and bioacoustics</i>] <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (Thesis) (in French).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Description+typologique+et+intelligibilit%C3%A9+des+langues+siffl%C3%A9es%2C+approche+linguistique+et+bioacoustique&rft.date=2005&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Julien&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lemondesiffle.free.fr%2Fprojet%2Fscience%2FTheseMeyer.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFGuttstadtMannoni2015" class="citation journal cs1">Guttstadt, Corry; Mannoni, Olivier (2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cairn.info/revue-revue-d-histoire-de-la-shoah-2015-2-page-195.htm">"La politique de la Turquie pendant la Shoah"</a>. <i>Revue d'Histoire de la Shoah</i> (2): 195. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.3917%2Frhsho.203.0195">10.3917/rhsho.203.0195</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Revue+d%27Histoire+de+la+Shoah&rft.atitle=La+politique+de+la+Turquie+pendant+la+Shoah&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=195&rft.date=2015&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.3917%2Frhsho.203.0195&rft.aulast=Guttstadt&rft.aufirst=Corry&rft.au=Mannoni%2C+Olivier&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cairn.info%2Frevue-revue-d-histoire-de-la-shoah-2015-2-page-195.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theoi.com/Titan/TitanKrios.html">"CRIUS (Krios) – Greek Titan God of the Constellations"</a>. <i>Theoi.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Euboea" class="extiw" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Euboea">Euboea</a>". In <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a> (ed.). <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i>. Vol. 9 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. <span class="nowrap">865–</span>867.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Euboea&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E865-%3C%2Fspan%3E867&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Tozer&rft.aufirst=Henry+Fanshawe&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEuboea" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Euboea&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Euboean_Sea_Islands" title="Template:Euboean Sea Islands"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Euboean_Sea_Islands" title="Template talk:Euboean Sea Islands"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Euboean_Sea_Islands" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Euboean Sea Islands"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Euboean_Sea_Islands299" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Euboea" title="Gulf of Euboea">Euboean Sea Islands</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Archipelagoes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Petalioi" title="Petalioi">Petalioi</a> (Largest islands: Megalonisos, Chersonisi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lichades" title="Lichades">Lichades</a> (Largest islands: Manolia, Strongyli)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other Islands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Atalanti_Island" title="Atalanti Island">Atalanti Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavalliani" title="Kavalliani">Kavalliani</a></li> <li>Ktyponisi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stouronisi" title="Stouronisi">Stouronisi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Greece" title="List of islands of Greece">Greek islands</a>: <a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands">Aegean Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saronic_Islands" title="Saronic Islands">Saronic Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cyclades" title="Cyclades">Cyclades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dodecanese" title="Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a>, <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Euboea</a>, <a href="/wiki/North_Aegean_Islands" class="mw-redirect" title="North Aegean Islands">North Aegean Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sporades" title="Sporades">Sporades</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a>, <a href="/wiki/Echinades" title="Echinades">Echinades</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Aegean_Sea14" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Aegean_Sea" title="Template:Aegean Sea"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Aegean_Sea" title="Template talk:Aegean Sea"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Aegean_Sea" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Aegean Sea"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Aegean_Sea14" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div id="General27"><b>General</b></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Countries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/40px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/60px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_civilization" title="Aegean civilization">Aegean civilizations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_dispute" title="Aegean dispute">Aegean dispute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Islands" title="Aegean Islands">Aegean Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Greece" title="List of islands of Greece">Greek islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Turkey" title="List of islands of Turkey">Turkish islands</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div id="Aegean_Islands223"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Aegean_Islands" title="List of Aegean Islands"><b>Aegean Islands</b></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cyclades" title="Cyclades">Cyclades</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amorgos" title="Amorgos">Amorgos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anafi" title="Anafi">Anafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ananes" title="Ananes">Ananes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andros" title="Andros">Andros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antimilos" title="Antimilos">Antimilos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Antiparos" title="Antiparos">Antiparos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daskalio" title="Daskalio">Daskalio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delos" title="Delos">Delos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Despotiko" title="Despotiko">Despotiko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Donousa" title="Donousa">Donousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folegandros" title="Folegandros">Folegandros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyaros" title="Gyaros">Gyaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ios" title="Ios">Ios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irakleia_(Cyclades)" title="Irakleia (Cyclades)">Irakleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kardiotissa" title="Kardiotissa">Kardiotissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kea_(island)" title="Kea (island)">Kea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keros" title="Keros">Keros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimolos" title="Kimolos">Kimolos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koufonisia" title="Koufonisia">Koufonisia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kythnos" title="Kythnos">Kythnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milos" title="Milos">Milos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mykonos" title="Mykonos">Mykonos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naxos" title="Naxos">Naxos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paros" title="Paros">Paros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polyaigos" title="Polyaigos">Polyaigos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rineia" title="Rineia">Rineia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Santorini" title="Santorini">Santorini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoinoussa" title="Schoinoussa">Schoinoussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serifopoula" title="Serifopoula">Serifopoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serifos" title="Serifos">Serifos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sifnos" title="Sifnos">Sifnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikinos" title="Sikinos">Sikinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syros" title="Syros">Syros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Therasia" title="Therasia">Therasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tinos" title="Tinos">Tinos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vous_Island" title="Vous Island">Vous</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="7" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Aegean_with_legends.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aegean Sea"><img alt="Aegean Sea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Aegean_with_legends.svg/250px-Aegean_with_legends.svg.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Aegean_with_legends.svg/330px-Aegean_with_legends.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="432" data-file-height="467" /></a><figcaption>Aegean Sea</figcaption></figure></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dodecanese" title="Dodecanese">Dodecanese</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agathonisi" title="Agathonisi">Agathonisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alimia" title="Alimia">Alimia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkoi" title="Arkoi">Arkoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armathia" title="Armathia">Armathia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Astakida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astakida (page does not exist)">Astakida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astypalaia" title="Astypalaia">Astypalaia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87atalada" title="Çatalada">Çatalada</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Chamili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chamili (page does not exist)">Chamili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmakonisi" title="Farmakonisi">Farmakonisi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gaidaros&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gaidaros (page does not exist)">Gaidaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gyali" title="Gyali">Gyali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halki_(Greece)" title="Halki (Greece)">Halki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imia" title="Imia">Imia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalolimnos" title="Kalolimnos">Kalolimnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalymnos" title="Kalymnos">Kalymnos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kandelioussa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kandelioussa (page does not exist)">Kandelioussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_Ada_(Bodrum)" title="Kara Ada (Bodrum)">Kara Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karpathos" title="Karpathos">Karpathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasos" title="Kasos">Kasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinaros" title="Kinaros">Kinaros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kos" title="Kos">Kos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BC%C3%A7%C3%BCk_Tav%C5%9Fan_Adas%C4%B1" title="Küçük Tavşan Adası">Küçük Tavşan Adası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leipsoi" title="Leipsoi">Leipsoi</a> (Lipsi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leros" title="Leros">Leros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levitha" title="Levitha">Levitha</a> (Lebynthos)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nimos" title="Nimos">Nimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nisyros" title="Nisyros">Nisyros</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pacheia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pacheia (page does not exist)">Pacheia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patmos" title="Patmos">Patmos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Platy_(island)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Platy (island) (page does not exist)">Platy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pserimos" title="Pserimos">Pserimos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhodes" title="Rhodes">Rhodes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salih_Ada" title="Salih Ada">Salih Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saria_Island" title="Saria Island">Saria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symi" title="Symi">Symi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syrna_(island)" title="Syrna (island)">Syrna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telendos" title="Telendos">Telendos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilos" title="Tilos">Tilos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaforas" title="Zaforas">Zaforas</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/North_Aegean_islands" title="North Aegean islands">North Aegean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agios_Efstratios" title="Agios Efstratios">Agios Efstratios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agios_Minas_Island" title="Agios Minas Island">Agios Minas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ammouliani" title="Ammouliani">Ammouliani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayval%C4%B1k_Islands_Nature_Park" title="Ayvalık Islands Nature Park">Ayvalık Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_Ada" title="Büyük Ada">Büyük Ada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chios" title="Chios">Chios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chryse_(island)" title="Chryse (island)">Chryse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunda_Island" title="Cunda Island">Cunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fo%C3%A7a_Islands" title="Foça Islands">Foça Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fournoi_Korseon" title="Fournoi Korseon">Fournoi Korseon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Icaria" class="mw-redirect" title="Icaria">Icaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imbros" title="Imbros">Imbros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koukonesi" title="Koukonesi">Koukonesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemnos" title="Lemnos">Lemnos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lesbos" title="Lesbos">Lesbos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megalonisi" title="Megalonisi">Megalonisi</a> (Nisiopi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metelik_Island" title="Metelik Island">Metelik Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oinousses" title="Oinousses">Oinousses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pasas,_Oinousses" title="Pasas, Oinousses">Pasas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psara" title="Psara">Psara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samiopoula" title="Samiopoula">Samiopoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samos" title="Samos">Samos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samothrace" title="Samothrace">Samothrace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenedos" title="Tenedos">Tenedos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thasos" title="Thasos">Thasos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thymaina" title="Thymaina">Thymaina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uzunada" title="Uzunada">Uzunada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zourafa" title="Zourafa">Zourafa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Saronic_Islands" title="Saronic Islands">Saronic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aegina" title="Aegina">Aegina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agios_Georgios_(island)" title="Agios Georgios (island)">Agios Georgios</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agistri" title="Agistri">Agistri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dokos" title="Dokos">Dokos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hydra_(island)" title="Hydra (island)">Hydra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poros" title="Poros">Poros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psyttaleia" title="Psyttaleia">Psyttaleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salamis_Island" title="Salamis Island">Salamis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spetses" title="Spetses">Spetses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sporades" title="Sporades">Sporades</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adelfoi_Islets" title="Adelfoi Islets">Adelfoi Islets</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Agios_Georgios_Skopelou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Agios Georgios Skopelou (page does not exist)">Agios Georgios Skopelou</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alonnisos" title="Alonnisos">Alonnisos</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Argos_Skiathou&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Argos Skiathou (page does not exist)">Argos Skiathou</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dasia_(islet)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dasia (islet) (page does not exist)">Dasia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erinia" title="Erinia">Erinia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gioura" title="Gioura">Gioura</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grammeza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Grammeza (page does not exist)">Grammeza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyra_Panagia" title="Kyra Panagia">Kyra Panagia</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lekhoussa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lekhoussa (page does not exist)">Lekhoussa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peristera" title="Peristera">Peristera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piperi_(island)" title="Piperi (island)">Piperi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psathoura" title="Psathoura">Psathoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Repi" title="Repi">Repi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarakino" title="Sarakino">Sarakino</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Skandili&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Skandili (page does not exist)">Skandili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skantzoura" title="Skantzoura">Skantzoura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skiathos" title="Skiathos">Skiathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skopelos" title="Skopelos">Skopelos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyropoula" title="Skyropoula">Skyropoula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skyros" title="Skyros">Skyros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsoungria" title="Tsoungria">Tsoungria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valaxa" title="Valaxa">Valaxa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Greece#Cretan_islands_of_the_Aegean_Sea" title="List of islands of Greece">Cretan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Afentis_Christos" title="Afentis Christos">Afentis Christos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agia_Varvara_(island)" title="Agia Varvara (island)">Agia Varvara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agioi_Apostoloi" title="Agioi Apostoloi">Agioi Apostoloi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agioi_Pantes_(island)" title="Agioi Pantes (island)">Agioi Pantes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agioi_Theodoroi_(islands)" title="Agioi Theodoroi (islands)">Agioi Theodoroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agios_Nikolaos_(Chania)" title="Agios Nikolaos (Chania)">Agios Nikolaos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anavatis" class="mw-redirect" title="Anavatis">Anavatis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnaouti" title="Arnaouti">Arnaouti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aspros_Volakas" title="Aspros Volakas">Aspros Volakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avgo" title="Avgo">Avgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crete" title="Crete">Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daskaleia" title="Daskaleia">Daskaleia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dia_(island)" title="Dia (island)">Dia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diapori" title="Diapori">Diapori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionysades" title="Dionysades">Dionysades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elasa" title="Elasa">Elasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ftena_Trachylia" title="Ftena Trachylia">Ftena Trachylia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glaronisi" title="Glaronisi">Glaronisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gramvousa" title="Gramvousa">Gramvousa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grandes_(islands)" title="Grandes (islands)">Grandes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinalonga" title="Spinalonga">Kalydon (Spinalonga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karavi" title="Karavi">Karavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karga_(island)" title="Karga (island)">Karga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Katergo" title="Katergo">Katergo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavallos" class="mw-redirect" title="Kavallos">Kavallos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kefali" class="mw-redirect" title="Kefali">Kefali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolokytha" title="Kolokytha">Kolokytha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koursaroi" title="Koursaroi">Koursaroi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kyriamadi" title="Kyriamadi">Kyriamadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lazaretta" title="Lazaretta">Lazaretta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leon_(Souda_Bay)" title="Leon (Souda Bay)">Leon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavros" title="Mavros">Mavros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mavros_Volakas" title="Mavros Volakas">Mavros Volakas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Megatzedes" title="Megatzedes">Megatzedes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochlos" title="Mochlos">Mochlos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nikolos" title="Nikolos">Nikolos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palaiosouda" title="Palaiosouda">Palaiosouda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peristeri_(island)" title="Peristeri (island)">Peristeri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peristerovrachoi" title="Peristerovrachoi">Peristerovrachoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petalida" title="Petalida">Petalida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petalouda" title="Petalouda">Petalouda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontikaki" title="Pontikaki">Pontikaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pontikonisi" title="Pontikonisi">Pontikonisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Praso_(Kissamos)" title="Praso (Kissamos)">Praso (Prasonisi)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prosfora" title="Prosfora">Prosfora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pseira" title="Pseira">Pseira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sideros" title="Sideros">Sideros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souda_(island)" title="Souda (island)">Souda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valenti_rock" title="Valenti rock">Valenti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prasonisi_(islet)" title="Prasonisi (islet)">Vryonisi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Islands" title="Ionian Islands">Ionian Islands</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antikythera" title="Antikythera">Antikythera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kythira" title="Kythira">Kythira</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Euboea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makronisos" title="Makronisos">Makronisos</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173096#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1471" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173096#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1471" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173096#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/242066094">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/316732156">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4015642-4">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120435789">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb120435789">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Euboia (Řecko : ostrov)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge1151191&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000337703&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007557934505171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/540775">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kulturenvanteri.com/yer/?p=291500">Kulturenvanteri monument</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://auth.wikimedia.org/loginwiki/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euboea&oldid=1280814098">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Euboea&oldid=1280814098</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div 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