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markers</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: discourse markers"> <meta name="keywords" content="discourse markers"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="discourse markers"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1861</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: discourse markers</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1861</span> An Analysis of Discourse Markers Awareness in Writing Undergraduate Thesis of English Education Student in Sebelas Maret University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oktanika%20Wahyu%20Nurjanah">Oktanika Wahyu Nurjanah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anggun%20Fitriana%20Dewi"> Anggun Fitriana Dewi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> An undergraduate thesis is one of the academic writings which should fulfill some characteristics, one of them is coherency. Moreover, a coherence of a text depends on the usage of discourse markers. In other word, discourse markers take an essential role in writing. Therefore, the researchers aim to know the awareness of the discourse markers usage in writing the under-graduate thesis of an English Education student at Sebelas Maret University. This research uses a qualitative case study in order to obtain a deep analysis. The sample of this research is an under-graduate thesis of English Education student in Sebelas Maret University which chosen based on some criteria. Additionally, the researchers were guided by some literature attempted to group the discourse markers based on their functions. Afterward, the analysis was held based on it. From the analysis, it found that the awareness of discourse markers usage is moderate. The last point, the researcher suggest undergraduate students to familiarize themselves with discourse markers, especially for those who want to write thesis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20markers" title="discourse markers">discourse markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20education" title=" English education"> English education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thesis%20writing" title=" thesis writing"> thesis writing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undergraduate%20student" title=" undergraduate student"> undergraduate student</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60370/an-analysis-of-discourse-markers-awareness-in-writing-undergraduate-thesis-of-english-education-student-in-sebelas-maret-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60370.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">357</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1860</span> Exploring the Use of Discourse Markers by American Male and Female Politicians: A Corpus Based Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gohar%20Rahman">Gohar Rahman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Saad%20Ullah"> Rabia Saad Ullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research aims to examine the use of discourse markers within the dominion of political speeches, differentiating between genders. The analysis centers on twelve speakers, comprising six males and six females. Speeches selected include commencement, victory, state union addresses, campaigns, and presidential speeches. Halliday and Hasan's cohesion framework, specifically discourse markers, is utilized as a theoretical framework. Data is quantitatively analyzed using AntConc to identify marker frequency. The findings are presented through Excel's tables and graphs, suggesting differences in discourse marker preferences between genders. The findings suggest a divergence in the preferences for discourse markers between males and females. However, asserting that females utilize discourse markers more frequently due to the increased use of filler words, face threat mitigation, and polite speech would be an exaggeration. The disparity in frequency is not substantial, suggesting that males and females exhibit varying language inclinations to some degree. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20markers" title="discourse markers">discourse markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20discourse" title=" political discourse"> political discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender" title=" gender"> gender</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speeches" title=" speeches"> speeches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language" title=" language"> language</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177467/exploring-the-use-of-discourse-markers-by-american-male-and-female-politicians-a-corpus-based-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177467.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">57</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1859</span> Communicative Roles of English Discourse Markers on Facebook among Umaru Musa Yar’Adua University Members of Academic Staff</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ibrahim%20Sani">Ibrahim Sani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper examines the use of English discourse markers with the aim of investigating their communicative functions on Facebook as used by UMYUK members of academic staff. The paper uses the qualitative approach and relevance theory by Sperber and Wilson (1995) to highlight and examine DMs in different communicative contexts. In the course of data collection, five (5) academic staff from the five faculties of the university who are already Facebook friends of the researcher are used as the participants with their consent. The paper examines the communicative functions of English DMs among UMYUK academic staff on Facebook and reveals a number of communicative functions used in different contexts. One of the major findings indicates that 'contrastive markers' such as 'but', 'however', 'although' etc. are the dominant communicative functions employed by UMYUK academic staff on Facebook with 42% occurrence; it also shows that a single DM can function differently in the same linguistic environment. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=role" title="role">role</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communicative" title=" communicative"> communicative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20markers" title=" discourse markers"> discourse markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=facebook" title=" facebook"> facebook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20staff" title=" academic staff"> academic staff</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131862/communicative-roles-of-english-discourse-markers-on-facebook-among-umaru-musa-yaradua-university-members-of-academic-staff" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/131862.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">169</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1858</span> Discourse Markers in Chinese University Students and Native English Speakers: A Corpus-Based Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dan%20Xie">Dan Xie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of discourse markers (DMs) can play a crucial role in representing discourse interaction and pragmatic competence. Learners’ use of DMs and differences between native speakers (NSs) and non-native speakers (NNSs) in the use of various DMs have been the focus of considerable research attention. However, some commonly used DMs, such as you know, have not received as much attention in comparative studies, especially in the Chinese context. This study analyses data in two corpora (COLSEC and Spoken BNC 2014 (14-25)) to investigate how Chinese learners differ from NNSs in their use of the DM you know and its functions in speech. The results show that there is a significant difference between the two corpora in terms of the frequency of use of you know. In terms of the functions of you know, the study shows that six functions can all be present in both corpora, although there are significant differences between the five functional dimensions, especially in introducing a claim linked to the prior discourse and highlighting particular points in the discourse. It is hoped to show empirically how Chinese learners and NSs use DMs differently. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=you%20know" title="you know">you know</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20marker" title=" discourse marker"> discourse marker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20speaker" title=" native speaker"> native speaker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chinese%20learner" title=" Chinese learner"> Chinese learner</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173910/discourse-markers-in-chinese-university-students-and-native-english-speakers-a-corpus-based-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/173910.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">81</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1857</span> Communication in the Sciences: A Discourse Analysis of Biology Research Articles and Magazine Articles </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gayani%20Ranawake">Gayani Ranawake</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Effective communication is widely regarded as an important aspect of any discipline. This particular study deals with written communication in science. Writing conventions and linguistic choices play a key role in conveying the message effectively to a target audience. Scientists are responsible for conveying their findings or research results not only to their discourse community but also to the general public. Recognizing appropriate linguistic choices is crucial since they vary depending on the target audience. The majority of scientists can communicate effectively with their discourse community, but public engagement seems more challenging to them. There is a lack of research into the language use of scientists, and in particular how it varies by discipline and audience (genre). A better understanding of the different linguistic conventions used in effective science writing by scientists for scientists and by scientists for the public will help to guide scientists who are familiar with their discourse community norms to write effectively for the public. This study investigates the differences and similarities of linguistic choices in biology articles written by scientists for their discourse community and biology magazine articles written by scientists and science communicators for the general public. This study is a part of a larger project investigating linguistic differences in different genres of science academic writing. The sample for this particular study is composed of 20 research articles from the journal Biological Reviews and 20 magazine articles from the magazine Australian Popular Science. Differences in the linguistic devices were analyzed using Hyland’s metadiscourse model for academic writing proposed in 2005. The frequency of the usage of interactive resources (transitions, frame markers, endophoric markers, evidentials and code glosses) and interactional resources (hedges, boosters, attitude markers, self-mentions and engagement markers) were compared and contrasted using the NVivo textual analysis tool. The results clearly show the differences in the frequency of usage of interactional and interactive resources in the two disciplines under investigation. The findings of this study provide a reference guide for scientists and science writers to understand the differences in the linguistic choices between the two genres. This will be particularly helpful for scientists who are proficient at writing for their discourse community, but not for the public. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title="discourse analysis">discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=linguistic%20choices" title=" linguistic choices"> linguistic choices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metadiscourse" title=" metadiscourse"> metadiscourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20writing" title=" science writing"> science writing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96771/communication-in-the-sciences-a-discourse-analysis-of-biology-research-articles-and-magazine-articles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">141</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1856</span> Using English Discourse Markers by Saudi EFL Learners: A Descriptive Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sadeq%20Al%20Yaari">Sadeq Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fayza%20Al%20Hammadi"> Fayza Al Hammadi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nassr%20Almaflehi"> Nassr Almaflehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20Al%20Yaari"> Ayman Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adham%20Al%20Yaari"> Adham Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Montaha%20Al%20Yaari"> Montaha Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aayah%20Al%20Yaari"> Aayah Al Yaari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajedah%20Al%20Yaari"> Sajedah Al Yaari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The language of EFL learners is of special interests to linguists. Little research has been tackled on issues concerning English Discourse Markers (EDMs) among Saudi EFL learners. Aims: Employing a corpus-based descriptive analysis, the current study attempts at detecting EDMs in the talk of Saudi EFL learners, their frequency, use, usage, etc., in comparison to other EFL learners as well as native speakers. Methods: Two hundreds Saudi EFL learners were randomly selected from 20 public and private schools (ten students from each school) across the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA). Subjects were individually recorded while they were studying English in class. Recordings were then linguistically and statistically analyzed by the researchers. Conclusion: Results illustrate that EDMs “and”, “but” and “also” are the most frequent EDMs in the talk of Saudi EFL learners. These devices are randomly used by Saudi EFL learners who mix their use (appropriateness) with usage (correctedness) due to the influence of their L1 (Arabic). In compare to other EFL learners (native and non-native), Saudi EFL learners use less EDMs. These results confirmed the claims that EFL learners use EDMs less than native speakers. This paper, although preliminary in nature, can help arrive a better understanding of using EDMs by Saudi EFL learners. Further, it can also assist in getting appropriate insights into the way how these EDMs are used in Arab Gulf countries. The researchers decided to conduct an in-depth study into the use of EDMs in the oral work of Saudi EFL learners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20discourse%20markers" title="English discourse markers">English discourse markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saudi%20EFL%20learners" title=" Saudi EFL learners"> Saudi EFL learners</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=use" title=" use"> use</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usage" title=" usage"> usage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency" title=" frequency"> frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=native%20speakers" title=" native speakers"> native speakers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186630/using-english-discourse-markers-by-saudi-efl-learners-a-descriptive-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">46</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1855</span> Classroom Discourse and English Language Teaching: Issues, Importance, and Implications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabi%20Abdullahi%20Danjuma">Rabi Abdullahi Danjuma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Binta%20Attahir"> Fatima Binta Attahir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Classroom discourse is important, and it is worth examining what the phenomena is and how it helps both the teacher and students in a classroom situation. This paper looks at the classroom as a traditional social setting which has its own norms and values. The paper also explains what discourse is, as extended communication in speech or writing often interactively dealing with some particular topics. It also discusses classroom discourse as the language which teachers and students use to communicate with each other in a classroom situation. The paper also looks at some strategies for effective classroom discourse. Finally, implications and recommendations were drawn. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom" title="classroom">classroom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse" title=" discourse"> discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=student" title=" student"> student</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategies" title=" strategies"> strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication" title=" communication"> communication</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22918/classroom-discourse-and-english-language-teaching-issues-importance-and-implications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22918.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">607</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1854</span> Adjectives in Academic Discourse: A Comparative Study of Research Articles</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beata%20Grymska">Beata Grymska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research studies on academic discourse focus in general on lexical bundles, epistemic modality markers, or interactions between writers and readers. Following the research into the written forms of the academic community, this study concentrates on adjectives in research articles. The study investigates the distribution of adjectives in research articles in two academic disciplines: linguistics and medicine. It is corpus-based in design and consists of 100 linguistic and 100 medical research articles all written in English. The aim of the study is to compare the distribution of adjectives between the two corpora and four main parts of articles: IMRD (Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion). The second aim is to see if the two corpora share common core adjectives, e.g., different, important, specific, and if there are discipline-specific adjectives. The further part of the paper elaborates on adjectives use in the corpora together with examples. The results indicate that the two corpora do not differ in the distribution of adjectives to a great extent. The occurrences of the most frequently used adjectives depend on the academic discipline of the research articles. The concluding part reflects upon the role of adjectives in academic discourse and also presents how corpora can be helpful in composing academic texts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20discourse" title="academic discourse">academic discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=academic%20texts" title=" academic texts"> academic texts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adjectives" title=" adjectives"> adjectives</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corpus%20analysis" title=" corpus analysis"> corpus analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20articles" title=" research articles"> research articles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87461/adjectives-in-academic-discourse-a-comparative-study-of-research-articles" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87461.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1853</span> Application of Molecular Markers for Crop Improvement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monisha%20Isaac">Monisha Isaac</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Use of molecular markers for selecting plants with desired traits has been started long back. Due to their heritable characteristics, they are useful for identification and characterization of specific genotypes. The study involves various types of molecular markers used to select multiple desired characters in plants, their properties, and advantages to improve crop productivity in adverse climatological conditions for the purpose of providing food security to fast-growing global population. The study shows that genetic similarities obtained from molecular markers provide more accurate information and the genetic diversity can be better estimated from the genetic relationship obtained from the dendrogram. The information obtained from markers assisted characterization is more suitable for the crops of economic importance like sugarcane. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20markers" title="molecular markers">molecular markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crop%20productivity" title=" crop productivity"> crop productivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20diversity" title=" genetic diversity"> genetic diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genotype" title=" genotype"> genotype</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69621/application-of-molecular-markers-for-crop-improvement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/69621.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">517</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1852</span> Bioactive Chemical Markers Based Strategy for Quality Control of Herbal Medicines</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhenzhong%20Yang">Zhenzhong Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Herbal medicines are important supplements to chemical drugs and usually consist of a complex mixture of constituents. The current quality control strategy of herbal medicines is mainly based on chemical markers, which largely failed to owe to the markers, not reflecting the herbal medicines’ multiple mechanisms of action. Herein, a bioactive chemical markers based strategy was proposed and applied to the quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. This strategy mainly includes the comprehensive chemical characterization of herbal medicines, bioactive chemical markers identification, and related quantitative analysis methods development. As a proof-of-concept, this strategy was applied to a Panax notoginseng derived herbal medicine. The bioactive chemical markers based strategy offers a rational approach for quality assessment and control of herbal medicines. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioactive%20chemical%20markers" title="bioactive chemical markers">bioactive chemical markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=herbal%20medicines" title=" herbal medicines"> herbal medicines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20assessment" title=" quality assessment"> quality assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20control" title=" quality control"> quality control</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128810/bioactive-chemical-markers-based-strategy-for-quality-control-of-herbal-medicines" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/128810.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1851</span> The Role of Genetic Markers in Prostate Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farman%20Ali">Farman Ali</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asif%20Mahmood"> Asif Mahmood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The utilization of genetic markers in prostate cancer management represents a significant advance in personalized medicine, offering the potential for more precise diagnosis and tailored treatment strategies. This paper explores the pivotal role of genetic markers in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, emphasizing their contribution to the identification of individual risk profiles, tumor aggressiveness, and response to therapy. By integrating current research findings, we discuss the application of genetic markers in developing targeted therapies and the implications for patient outcomes. Despite the promising advancements, challenges such as accessibility, cost, and the need for further validation in diverse populations remain. The paper concludes with an outlook on future directions, underscoring the importance of genetic markers in revolutionizing prostate cancer care. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prostate%20cancer" title="prostate cancer">prostate cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20markers" title=" genetic markers"> genetic markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personalized%20medicine" title=" personalized medicine"> personalized medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BRCA1%20and%20BRCA2" title=" BRCA1 and BRCA2"> BRCA1 and BRCA2</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184866/the-role-of-genetic-markers-in-prostate-cancer-diagnosis-and-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/184866.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1850</span> Comparative Assessment of ISSR and RAPD Markers among Egyptian Jojoba Shrubs</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdelsabour%20G.%20A.%20Khaled">Abdelsabour G. A. Khaled</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Galal%20A.R.%20El-Sherbeny"> Galal A.R. El-Sherbeny</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmed%20M.%20Hassanein"> Ahmed M. Hassanein</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gameel%20M.%20G.%20Aly"> Gameel M. G. Aly </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Classical methods of identification, based on agronomical characterization, are not always the most accurate way due to the instability of these characteristics under the influence of the different environments. In order to estimate the genetic diversity, molecular markers provided excellent tools. In this study, Genetic variation of nine Egyptian jojoba shrubs was tested using ISSR (inter simple sequences repeats), RAPD (random amplified polymorphic DNA) markers and based on the morphological characterization. The average of the percentage of polymorphism (%P) ranged between 58.17% and 74.07% for ISSR and RAPD markers, respectively. The range of genetic similarity percents among shrubs based on ISSR and RAPD markers were from 82.9 to 97.9% and from 85.5 to 97.8%, respectively. The average of PIC (polymorphism information content) values were 0.19 (ISSR) and 0.24 (RAPD). In the present study, RAPD markers were more efficient than the ISSR markers. Where the RAPD technique exhibited higher marker index (MI) average (1.26) compared to ISSR one (1.11). There was an insignificant correlation between the ISSR and RAPD data (0.076, P > 0.05). The dendrogram constructed by the combined RAPD and ISSR data gave a relatively different clustering pattern. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title="correlation">correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20markers" title=" molecular markers"> molecular markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polymorphism" title=" polymorphism"> polymorphism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marker%20index" title=" marker index"> marker index</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22213/comparative-assessment-of-issr-and-rapd-markers-among-egyptian-jojoba-shrubs" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">478</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1849</span> Muslim Women Converts through the ideological Eyes of Algerian Newspapers Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerrifi%20Meryem">Zerrifi Meryem</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Discourse on Muslim women has been criticized in scientific research as being racist, sexist, and ideological. Convert women who come from various backgrounds are cases that form a rich area of investigation that have been covered from a narrative perspective in which experiences of convert women are represented through stories telling journey to conversion to Islam. They have not been problematized in relation to the Algerian media discourse; yet, their omnipresence cannot be denied as a Muslim community. This research aims at demonstrating ideologies that are perpetuated along newspapers’ discourse. The present study investigates the discursive portrayal of female Muslim converts in this type of discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media%20discourse" title="media discourse">media discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=muslim%20women%20converts" title=" muslim women converts"> muslim women converts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=algerian%20newspapers" title=" algerian newspapers"> algerian newspapers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideologies" title=" ideologies"> ideologies</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162896/muslim-women-converts-through-the-ideological-eyes-of-algerian-newspapers-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/162896.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">94</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1848</span> Metadiscourse in Chinese and Thai Request Emails: Analysis and Pedagogical Application</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia-Ling%20Hsieh">Chia-Ling Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kankanit%20Potikit"> Kankanit Potikit</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metadiscourse refers to linguistic resources employed by writers to organize text and interact with readers. While metadiscourse has received considerable attention within the field of discourse analysis, few studies have explored the use of metadiscourse in email, one of the most popular forms of computer-mediated communication. Furthermore, the diversity of cross-linguistic research required to uncover the influence of cultural factors on metadiscourse use is lacking. The present study compares metadiscourse markers employed in Chinese and Thai-language request emails with the purpose of discovering cross-cultural similarities and differences that are meaningful and applicable to foreign language teaching. The analysis is based on a corpus of 200 request emails: 100 composed in Chinese and 100 in Thai, with half of the emails from each language data set addressed to professors and the other half addressed to classmates. Adopting Hyland’s model as an analytical framework, two primary categories of metadiscourse are identified. Textual metadiscourse helps to create text coherence, while interpersonal metadiscourse functions to convey authorial stance. Results of the study make clear that both Chinese and Thai-language emails use significantly more interpersonal markers than textual markers, indicating that email, as a unique communicative medium, is characterized by high degrees of concision and interactivity. Users of both languages further deploy similar patterns in writing emails to recipients of different social statuses. Compared with emails addressed to classmates, emails addressed to professors are notably longer and include more transition and engagement markers. Nevertheless, cultural factors do play a role. Emails composed in Thai, for example, include more textual markers than those in Chinese, as Thai favors formal expressions and detailed explanations, while in contrast, emails composed in Chinese employ more interpersonal markers than those in Thai, since Chinese tends to emphasize recipient involvement and attitudinal warmth. These findings thereby demonstrate the combined effects of email as a communicative medium, social status, and cultural values on metadiscourse usage. The study concludes by applying these findings to pedagogical suggestions for teaching email writing to Chinese and Thai language learners based on similarities and differences in metadiscourse strategy between the two languages. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title="discourse analysis">discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=email" title=" email"> email</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metadiscourse" title=" metadiscourse"> metadiscourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=writing%20instruction" title=" writing instruction"> writing instruction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135790/metadiscourse-in-chinese-and-thai-request-emails-analysis-and-pedagogical-application" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/135790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1847</span> Studying Language of Immediacy and Language of Distance from a Corpus Linguistic Perspective: A Pilot Study of Evaluation Markers in French Television Weather Reports</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vince%20Li%C3%A9geois">Vince Liégeois</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Language of immediacy and distance: Within their discourse theory, Koch & Oesterreicher establish a distinction between a language of immediacy and a language of distance. The former refers to those discourses which are oriented more towards a spoken norm, whereas the latter entails discourses oriented towards a written norm, regardless of whether they are realised phonically or graphically. This means that an utterance can be realised phonically but oriented more towards the written language norm (e.g., a scientific presentation or eulogy) or realised graphically but oriented towards a spoken norm (e.g., a scribble or chat messages). Research desiderata: The methodological approach from Koch & Oesterreicher has often been criticised for not providing a corpus-linguistic methodology, which makes it difficult to work with quantitative data or address large text collections within this research paradigm. Consequently, the Koch & Oesterreicher approach has difficulties gaining ground in those research areas which rely more on corpus linguistic research models, like text linguistics and LSP-research. A combinatory approach: Accordingly, we want to establish a combinatory approach with corpus-based linguistic methodology. To this end, we propose to (i) include data about the context of an utterance (e.g., monologicity/dialogicity, familiarity with the speaker) – which were called “conditions of communication” in the original work of Koch & Oesterreicher – and (ii) correlate the linguistic phenomenon at the centre of the inquiry (e.g., evaluation markers) to a group of linguistic phenomena deemed typical for either distance- or immediacy-language. Based on these two parameters, linguistic phenomena and texts could then be mapped on an immediacy-distance continuum. Pilot study: To illustrate the benefits of this approach, we will conduct a pilot study on evaluation phenomena in French television weather reports, a form of domain-sensitive discourse which has often been cited as an example of a “text genre”. Within this text genre, we will look at so-called “evaluation markers,” e.g., fixed strings like bad weather, stifling hot, and “no luck today!”. These evaluation markers help to communicate the coming weather situation towards the lay audience but have not yet been studied within the Koch & Oesterreicher research paradigm. Accordingly, we want to figure out whether said evaluation markers are more typical for those weather reports which tend more towards immediacy or those which tend more towards distance. To this aim, we collected a corpus with different kinds of television weather reports,e.g., as part of the news broadcast, including dialogue. The evaluation markers themselves will be studied according to the explained methodology, by correlating them to (i) metadata about the context and (ii) linguistic phenomena characterising immediacy-language: repetition, deixis (personal, spatial, and temporal), a freer choice of tense and right- /left-dislocation. Results: Our results indicate that evaluation markers are more dominantly present in those weather reports inclining towards immediacy-language. Based on the methodology established above, we have gained more insight into the working of evaluation markers in the domain-sensitive text genre of (television) weather reports. For future research, it will be interesting to determine whether said evaluation markers are also typical for immediacy-language-oriented in other domain-sensitive discourses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corpus-based%20linguistics" title="corpus-based linguistics">corpus-based linguistics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation%20markers" title=" evaluation markers"> evaluation markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=language%20of%20immediacy%20and%20distance" title=" language of immediacy and distance"> language of immediacy and distance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=weather%20reports" title=" weather reports"> weather reports</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145539/studying-language-of-immediacy-and-language-of-distance-from-a-corpus-linguistic-perspective-a-pilot-study-of-evaluation-markers-in-french-television-weather-reports" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145539.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">219</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1846</span> Communicative Strategies in Colombian Political Speech: On the Example of the Speeches of Francia Marquez</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Danila%20Arbuzov">Danila Arbuzov</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article the author examines the communicative strategies used in the Colombian political discourse, following the example of the speeches of the Vice President of Colombia Francia Marquez, who took office in 2022 and marked a new development vector for the Colombian nation. The lexical and syntactic means are analyzed to achieve the communicative objectives. The material presented may be useful for those who are interested in investigating various aspects of discursive linguistics, particularly political discourse, as well as the implementation of communicative strategies in certain types of discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20discourse" title="political discourse">political discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20strategies" title=" communication strategies"> communication strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombian%20political%20discourse" title=" Colombian political discourse"> Colombian political discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombia" title=" Colombia"> Colombia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=manipulation" title=" manipulation"> manipulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161373/communicative-strategies-in-colombian-political-speech-on-the-example-of-the-speeches-of-francia-marquez" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/161373.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1845</span> The Simultaneous Application of Chemical and Biological Markers to Identify Reliable Indicators of Untreated Human Waste and Fecal Pollution in Urban Philadelphia Source Waters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stafford%20Stewart">Stafford Stewart</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui%20Yu"> Hui Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rominder%20Suri"> Rominder Suri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper publishes the results of the first known study conducted in urban Philadelphia waterways that simultaneously utilized anthropogenic chemical and biological markers to identify suitable indicators of untreated human waste and fecal pollution. A total of 13 outfall samples, 30 surface water samples, and 2 groundwater samples were analyzed for fecal contamination and untreated human waste using a suite of 25 chemical markers and 5 bio-markers. Pearson rank correlation tests were conducted to establish associations between the abundances of bio-markers and the concentrations of chemical markers. Results show that 16S rRNA gene of human-associated Bacteroidales (BacH) was very strongly correlated (0.76 – 0.97, p < 0.05) with labile chemical markers acetaminophen, cotinine, estriol, and urobilin. Likewise, human-specific F- RNA coliphages (F-RNA-II) and labile chemical markers, urobilin, ibuprofen, cotinine and estriol, were significantly correlated (0.77 – 0.95, p < 0.05). Similarly, a strong positive correlation (0.67 – 0.91, p < 0.05) was evident between the abundances of bio-markers BacH and F-RNA-II, and the concentrations of the conservative markers, trimethoprim, meprobamate, diltiazem, triclocarban, metformin, sucralose, gemfibrozil, sulfamethoxazole, and carbamazepine. Human mitochondrial DNA (MitoH) correlated moderately with labile markers nicotine and salicylic acid as well as with conservative markers metformin and triclocarban (0.31 – 0.47, p<0.05). This study showed that by associating chemical and biological markers, a robust technique was developed for fingerprinting source-specific untreated waste and fecal contamination in source waters. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anthropogenic%20markers" title="anthropogenic markers">anthropogenic markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bacteroidales" title=" bacteroidales"> bacteroidales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fecal%20pollution" title=" fecal pollution"> fecal pollution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=source%20waters" title=" source waters"> source waters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192663/the-simultaneous-application-of-chemical-and-biological-markers-to-identify-reliable-indicators-of-untreated-human-waste-and-fecal-pollution-in-urban-philadelphia-source-waters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192663.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">15</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1844</span> A Contrastive Rhetoric Study: The Use of Textual and Interpersonal Metadiscoursal Markers in Persian and English Newspaper Editorials</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Habibollah%20Mashhady">Habibollah Mashhady</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moslem%20Fatollahi"> Moslem Fatollahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study tries to contrast the use of metadiscoursal markers in English and Persian Newspaper Editorials as persuasive text types. These markers are linguistic elements in the text which do not add to the propositional content of it, rather they serve to realize the Halliday’s (1985) textual and interpersonal functions of language. At first, some of the most common markers from five subcategories of Text Connectives, Illocution Markers, Hedges, Emphatics, and Attitude Markers were identified in both English and Persian newspapers. Then, the frequency of occurrence of these markers in both English and Persian corpus consisting of 44 randomly selected editorials (18,000 words in each) from several English and Persian newspapers was recorded. After that, using a two-way chi square analysis, the overall x2 obs was found to be highly significant. So, the null hypothesis of no difference was confidently rejected. Finally, in order to determine the contribution of each subcategory to the overall x 2 value, one-way chi square analyses were applied to the individual subcategories. The results indicated that only two of the five subcategories of markers were statistically significant. This difference is then attributed to the differing spirits prevailing in the linguistic communities involved. Regarding the minor research question it was found that, in contrast to English writers, Persian writers are more writer-oriented in their writings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metadiscoursal%20markers" title="metadiscoursal markers">metadiscoursal markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textual%20meta-function" title=" textual meta-function"> textual meta-function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpersonal%20meta-function" title=" interpersonal meta-function"> interpersonal meta-function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=persuasive%20texts" title=" persuasive texts"> persuasive texts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20and%20Persian%20newspaper%20editorials" title=" English and Persian newspaper editorials"> English and Persian newspaper editorials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18633/a-contrastive-rhetoric-study-the-use-of-textual-and-interpersonal-metadiscoursal-markers-in-persian-and-english-newspaper-editorials" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18633.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">574</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1843</span> Discourse Analysis of the Concept of Citizenship in Textbooks in Iran</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jafar%20Ahmadi">Jafar Ahmadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research has been done as a discourse analysis of the concept of citizenship in textbooks in Iran. The purpose of this study is to identify the dominant citizenship discourse in textbooks in the content of textbooks. The research method in this research is qualitative and qualitative content analysis. The statistical sample was selected in a purposeful manner and according to the research topic of books related to Persian literature, religious education and social education. The selected theoretical framework of this research is the three theories of citizenship (pre-modern, modern and postmodern). For each of these discourses, components and indicators have been extracted that are the basis of data analysis. The research findings show that the dominant citizenship discourse on the content of Iranian textbooks is pre-modern discourse and is the basis of this type of religious citizenship discourse. Finally, the findings show that the government uses the institution of education to reproduce its power. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citizenship" title="citizenship">citizenship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textbooks" title=" textbooks"> textbooks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title=" discourse analysis"> discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=religious%20citizenship" title=" religious citizenship"> religious citizenship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=representation" title=" representation"> representation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145708/discourse-analysis-of-the-concept-of-citizenship-in-textbooks-in-iran" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/145708.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">198</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1842</span> Contextualizing the Translation and Reconstruction of “Zhengqueyiliguan” in Promoting China-Africa Diplomatic Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Queen%20Modestus">Queen Modestus</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> China’s diplomatic discourse is a complicated system underpinned by divergent translations. As such, the concept of “Zhengque Yi Li Guan” (or zhèngquè Yì Lì Guān in Pinyin), like numerous other Chinese concepts, is not well appreciated due, mainly, to the dearth of a uniform official translation and poor interpretation. So, the paper seeks to draw awareness to this vital issue that has been neglected in the China-Africa diplomatic discourse. As a way of filling this gap in the literature, the author argues that literal translation is not enough in diplomatic discourse. To identify the English equivalent of “Zhenque,” “Yi,” “Li,” and “Guan,” searches of Chinese classical works were carried out. Based on the scope of this paper, emphasis will be placed on “Yi” because it plays a critical role in the “zhèngquèyìlìguān” concept and has been the term with the most controversial interpretation. From a diplomatic-linguistic standpoint coupled with the help of the Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) developed by Norman Fairclough and Teun A. van Dijk as this paper’s theoretical framework, this paper seeks to address the above issue by exploring the philosophical translations and interpretations of ZqYLG in China-Africa diplomatic discourse, with emphasis place on the discourse reconstruction of “Yi.” As a way of reconstructing “Yi” to fit the present reality of China-Africa diplomatic discourse, the author argues that “justice” (meaning impartiality) is a better translation for “Yi.” <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Africa" title="Africa">Africa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diplomatic%20discourse" title=" diplomatic discourse"> diplomatic discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reconstruction" title=" reconstruction"> reconstruction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=translation" title=" translation"> translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%E6%AD%A3%E7%A1%AE%E4%B9%89%E5%88%A9%E8%A7%82" title=" 正确义利观"> 正确义利观</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interests" title=" interests"> interests</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163197/contextualizing-the-translation-and-reconstruction-of-zhengqueyiliguan-in-promoting-china-africa-diplomatic-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163197.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1841</span> An Examination of Self-Mentions and Engagement Markers on the Academic IELTS Reading Exam</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hilda%20Freimuth">Hilda Freimuth</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examined the interactional resources of self-mentions and engagement markers in twenty official IELTS reading exam passages to determine the passages’ similarity to academic research papers. Although the findings revealed a variation ranging from zero to 22 instances for any given passage, the study found the average number of markers (5.5) per passage in line with those found on research papers. This finding confirms that the IELTS exam’s reading passages mirror the academic nature of research papers in this regard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IELTS%20exam" title="IELTS exam">IELTS exam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IELTS%20reading" title=" IELTS reading"> IELTS reading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interpersonal%20resources" title=" interpersonal resources"> interpersonal resources</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-mentions" title=" self-mentions"> self-mentions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engagement%20markers" title=" engagement markers"> engagement markers</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148522/an-examination-of-self-mentions-and-engagement-markers-on-the-academic-ielts-reading-exam" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148522.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1840</span> Ecology in Politics: A Multimodal Eco-Critical Analysis of Environmental Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amany%20ElShazly">Amany ElShazly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lubna%20A.%20Sherif"> Lubna A. Sherif</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The entanglement of humans with the environment has always been inevitable and often causes destruction. In this respect, ‘Ecolinguistics’ helps humans to understand the link between languages and the environment. Stibbe (2014a) has indicated that ‘linguistics’, particularly, Critical Discourse Studies (CDS), provides an interpretation of language which shapes world views, while the ‘eco’ side maintains the life-sustaining interactions of humans and the physical environment. This paper considers two key ecological instances, namely: The Grand Ethiopian Renaissance Dam (GERD) as a focal point of political dispute and THE LINE project as well as Etthadar lel Akhdar (Go Green Initiative) as two examples of combating ecological degradation. ‘Ecosophy’ as explained by Naess (1996) is used to describe the ecolinguistic framework, which assesses discourse where the linguistic lens focuses on the use of metaphor, and ‘Positive Discourse’ framework, which resonates with respect and care for the natural world. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecosophy" title="ecosophy">ecosophy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20discourse%20studies" title=" critical discourse studies"> critical discourse studies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaphor" title=" metaphor"> metaphor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=positive%20discourse" title=" positive discourse"> positive discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20semiotics" title=" social semiotics"> social semiotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecolinguistics" title=" ecolinguistics"> ecolinguistics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151754/ecology-in-politics-a-multimodal-eco-critical-analysis-of-environmental-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/151754.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">102</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1839</span> South Korean Discourse on Bioecomomy in the Sector of Agriculture</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mi%20Sun%20Park">Mi Sun Park</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Biotechnology provides us with technological solutions to resource-based challenges facing the global society. A bioeconomy or bio-based economy emerged as all economic activities derived from biotechnology. This paper aims to understand discourses on bioeconomy in the sector of agriculture with three dimensions; media discourse, science discourse, and policy discourse. For achieving research goals, content analysis was applied to this research. Media articles, academic journal articles and policy documents published from 2000 to 2016 were collected in South Korea. The text was coded and analyzed with the categories of speakers and their arguments. The research findings indicate that powerful actors and key messages of bioeconomy in South Korean agriculture. Differences and similarities among media, science, and policy were examined. Therefore this case study can contribute to understanding dynamic interaction and interfaces of media, science and policy discourse on biotechnology in the sector of agriculture. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=media" title="media">media</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse" title=" discourse"> discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioeconomy" title=" bioeconomy"> bioeconomy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agriculture" title=" agriculture"> agriculture</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80074/south-korean-discourse-on-bioecomomy-in-the-sector-of-agriculture" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80074.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">236</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1838</span> Image Segmentation of Visual Markers in Robotic Tracking System Based on Differential Evolution Algorithm with Connected-Component Labeling</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu-Yu%20Hsu">Shu-Yu Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Chien%20Hsu"> Chen-Chien Hsu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wei-Yen%20Wang"> Wei-Yen Wang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Color segmentation is a basic and simple way for recognizing the visual markers in a robotic tracking system. In this paper, we propose a new method for color segmentation by incorporating differential evolution algorithm and connected component labeling to autonomously preset the HSV threshold of visual markers. To evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, a ROBOTIS OP2 humanoid robot is used to conduct the experiment, where five most commonly used color including red, purple, blue, yellow, and green in visual markers are given for comparisons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=color%20segmentation" title="color segmentation">color segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=differential%20evolution" title=" differential evolution"> differential evolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=connected%20component%20labeling" title=" connected component labeling"> connected component labeling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=humanoid%20robot" title=" humanoid robot"> humanoid robot</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34585/image-segmentation-of-visual-markers-in-robotic-tracking-system-based-on-differential-evolution-algorithm-with-connected-component-labeling" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34585.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">605</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1837</span> Inflammatory Markers in the Blood and Chronic Periodontitis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saimir%20Heta">Saimir Heta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilma%20Robo"> Ilma Robo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nevila%20Alliu"> Nevila Alliu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tea%20Meta"> Tea Meta</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Plasma levels of inflammatory markers are the expression of the infectious wastes of existing periodontitis, as well as of existing inflammation everywhere in the body. Materials and Methods: The study consists of the clinical part of the measurement of inflammatory markers of 23 patients diagnosed with chronic periodontitis and the recording of parental periodontal parameters of patient periodontal status: hemorrhage index and probe values, before and 7-10 days after non-surgical periodontal treatment. Results: The level of fibrinogen drops according to the categorization of disease progression, active and passive, with the biggest % (18%-30%) at the fluctuation 10-20 mg/d. Fluctuations in fibrinogen level according to the age of patients in the range 0-10 mg/dL under 40 years and over 40 years was 13%-26%, in the range 10-20 mg/dL was 26%-22%, in the 20-40 mg/dL was 9%-4%. Conclusions: Non-surgical periodontal treatment significantly reduces the level of non-inflammatory markers in the blood. Oral health significantly reduces the potential source for periodontal bacteria, with the potential of promoting thromboembolism, through interaction between thrombocytes. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20periodontitis" title="chronic periodontitis">chronic periodontitis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atherosclerosis" title=" atherosclerosis"> atherosclerosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inflammatory%20markers" title=" inflammatory markers "> inflammatory markers </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116737/inflammatory-markers-in-the-blood-and-chronic-periodontitis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/116737.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">126</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1836</span> Towards an Analysis of Rhetoric of Digital Arabic Discourse</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gameel%20Abdelmageed">Gameel Abdelmageed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Arabs have a rhetorical heritage which has greatly contributed to the monitoring and analyzing of the rhetoric of the Holy Quran, <em>Hadith</em>, and Arabic texts on poetry and oratory. But Arab scholars - as far as the researcher knows – have not contributed to monitoring and analyzing the rhetoric of digital Arabic discourse although it has prominence, particularly in social media and has strong effectiveness in the political and social life of Arab society. This discourse has made its impact by using very new rhetorical techniques in language, voice, image, painting and video clips which are known as “Multimedia” and belong to “Digital Rhetoric”. This study suggests that it is time to draw the attention of Arab scholars and invite them to monitor and analyze the rhetoric of digital Arabic discourse. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20discourse" title="digital discourse">digital discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20rhetoric" title=" digital rhetoric"> digital rhetoric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Facebook" title=" Facebook"> Facebook</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20media" title=" social media"> social media</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60172/towards-an-analysis-of-rhetoric-of-digital-arabic-discourse" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60172.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">372</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1835</span> Sfard’s Commognitive Framework as a Method of Discourse Analysis in Mathematics</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dong-Joong%20Kim">Dong-Joong Kim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sangho%20Choi"> Sangho Choi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Woong%20Lim"> Woong Lim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper discusses Sfard’s commognitive approach and provides an empirical study as an example to illustrate the theory as method. Traditionally, research in mathematics education focused on the acquisition of mathematical knowledge and the didactic process of knowledge transfer. Through attending to a distinctive form of language in mathematics, as well as mathematics as a discursive subject, alternative views of making meaning in mathematics have emerged; these views are therefore “critical,” as in critical discourse analysis. The commognitive discourse analysis method has the potential to bring more clarity to our understanding of students’ mathematical thinking and the process through which students are socialized into school mathematics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commognitive%20framework" title="commognitive framework">commognitive framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse%20analysis" title=" discourse analysis"> discourse analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematical%20discourse" title=" mathematical discourse"> mathematical discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics%20education" title=" mathematics education"> mathematics education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80168/sfards-commognitive-framework-as-a-method-of-discourse-analysis-in-mathematics" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/80168.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1834</span> Perceiving Text-Worlds as a Cognitive Mechanism to Understand Surah Al-Kahf</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Awatef%20Boubakri">Awatef Boubakri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khaled%20Jebahi"> Khaled Jebahi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using Text World Theory (TWT), we attempted to understand how mental representations (text worlds) and perceptions can be construed by readers of Quranic texts. To this end, Surah Al-Kahf was purposefully selected given the fact that while each of its stories is narrated, different levels of discourse intervene, which might result in a confused reader who might find it hard to keep track of which discourse he or she is processing. This surah was studied using specifically-designed text-world diagrams. The findings suggest that TWT can be used to help solve problems of ambiguity at the level of discourse in Quranic texts and to help construct a thinking reader whose cognitive constructs (text worlds / mental representations) are built through reflecting on the various and often changing components of discourse world, text world, and sub-worlds. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al-Kahf" title="Al-Kahf">Al-Kahf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Surah" title=" Surah"> Surah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive" title=" cognitive"> cognitive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=processing" title=" processing"> processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discourse" title=" discourse"> discourse</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169749/perceiving-text-worlds-as-a-cognitive-mechanism-to-understand-surah-al-kahf" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169749.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">88</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1833</span> Cognitive Models of Future in Political Texts</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Solopova%20Olga">Solopova Olga</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present paper briefly recalls theoretical preconditions for investigating cognitive-discursive models of future in political discourse. The author reviews theories and methods used for strengthening a future focus in this discourse working out two main tools – a model of future and a metaphorical scenario. The paper examines the implications of metaphorical analogies for modeling future in mass media. It argues that metaphor is not merely a rhetorical ornament in the political discourse of media regulation but a conceptual model that legislates and regulates our understanding of future. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cognitive%20approach" title="cognitive approach">cognitive approach</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=future%20research" title=" future research"> future research</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20discourse" title=" political discourse"> political discourse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=model" title=" model"> model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=scenario" title=" scenario"> scenario</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metaphor" title=" metaphor"> metaphor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3554/cognitive-models-of-future-in-political-texts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3554.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">394</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1832</span> Investigation of Genetic Diversity in Bread Wheat by RAPD and SSR Markers </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Sadegh%20Khavarinejad">Mohammad Sadegh Khavarinejad</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, genetic diversity of 10 bread wheat genotypes by SSR and RAPD markers was evaluated. 11 primers were used included 6 RAPD primers and 5 SSR primers. RAPDs and SSRs could find 33 and 17 polymorphism respectively. In RAPDs, primers UBC 350 and UBC 109 and in SSRs, Primers Xgwm 469-6D and Xgwm120-2B showed genetic diversity among genotypes more than others. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title="wheat">wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20markers" title=" molecular markers"> molecular markers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSR" title=" SSR"> SSR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RAPD" title=" RAPD "> RAPD </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21379/investigation-of-genetic-diversity-in-bread-wheat-by-rapd-and-ssr-markers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21379.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge 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