Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF

<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">     <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" lang="en" xml:lang="en" xmlns:og="http://ogp.me/ns#" xmlns:fb="http://ogp.me/ns/fb#"> <head> <title>Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF - CERN Document Server</title> <link href='https://framework.web.cern.ch/framework/2.0/fonts/PTSansWeb/PTSansWeb.css' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css' /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/invenio.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_theme/css/cern_theme.css?v=20141127" type="text/css" /> <link rel="stylesheet"href="/css/font-awesome.min.css"> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/cern_toolbar/css/toolbar.css" type="text/css" />    <link rel="canonical" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="el" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=el" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="fr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=fr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="bg" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=bg" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-TW" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=zh_TW" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pt" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=pt" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="no" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=no" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="hr" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=hr" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ca" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=ca" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="de" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=de" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="it" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=it" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="zh-CN" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=zh_CN" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sv" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=sv" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="sk" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=sk" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="en" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=en" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="pl" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=pl" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ru" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=ru" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ka" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=ka" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="ja" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=ja" /> <link rel="alternate" hreflang="es" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement?ln=es" /> <link rel="alternate" type="application/rss+xml" title="CERN Document Server RSS" href="https://cds.cern.ch/rss" /> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="https://cds.cern.ch/opensearchdescription" title="CERN Document Server" /> <link rel="unapi-server" type="application/xml" title="unAPI" href="https://cds.cern.ch/unapi" /> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/apple-touch-icon.png"/> <link rel="apple-touch-icon-precomposed" href="/apple-touch-icon-precomposed.png"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="en" /> <meta name="description" content="A shielding experiment using activation detectors was performed at the CERN High-energy AcceleRator Mixed-field (CHARM) facility and the CERN Shielding Benchmark Facility (CSBF). The protons (24 GeV/c) were bombarded into a 50-cm-thick copper target, and the released neutrons were transmitted through various shields located vertically upward from the target. Ordinary concrete slabs of 40- to 160-cm thicknesses and steel slabs of 20- to 80-cm thicknesses were installed by changing the material and the thickness of the shield. Activation detectors of bismuth, indium, aluminum, and graphite were variously placed in these shields and activated by high energy neutrons. From the radionuclide production rate in the activation detectors, the attenuation profiles through the various shielding materials were obtained for the reactions of 209Bi(n,xn)210-xBi(x = 4–9), 115In(n,n’)115mIn, 27Al(n,α)24Na, and 12C(n,2n)11C. Estimated attenuation lengths of high energy neutrons through concrete and steel were compared with cited data and discussed. Monte Carlo simulations using FLUKA, PHITS, and GEANT4 were also performed as benchmark calculations, and they agreed with the experimental data, generally within a factor of 2. Nakao, Noriaki; Sanami, Toshiya; Kajimoto, Tsuyoshi; Yashima, Hiroshi; Froeschl, Robert; Bozzato, Davide; Iliopoulou, Elpida; Infantino, Angelo; Lee, Eunji; Oyama, Takahiro; Hagiwara, Masayuki; Nagaguro, Seiji; Matsumoto, Tetsuro; Masuda, Akihiko; Uwamino, Yoshitomo; Devienne, Arnaud; Pozzi, Fabio; Tisi, Marco; Lorenzon, Tommaso; Menaa, Nabil; Vincke, Heinz; Roesler, Stefan; Brugger, Markus" /> <meta name="keywords" content="" /> <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/jquery.min.js"></script>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="https://cds.cern.ch/img/webnews.css" type="text/css" />  <script type="text/javascript" src="https://cds.cern.ch/js/webnews.js?v=20131009"></script> <meta property="fb:app_id" content="137353533001720"/> <style></style> </head> <body class="search" lang="en">  <div id="cern-toolbar"> <h1><a href="http://cern.ch" title="CERN">CERN <span>Accelerating science</span></a></h1> <ul> <li class="cern-accountlinks"><a class="cern-account" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/login?ln=en&referer=https%3A//cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement" title="Sign in to your CERN account">Sign in</a></li> <li><a class="cern-directory" href="http://cern.ch/directory" title="Search CERN resources and browse the directory">Directory</a></li> </ul> </div>   <div role="banner" class="clearfix" id="header"> <div class="header-inner inner"> <hgroup class="clearfix"> <h2 id="site-name"> <a rel="home" title="Home" href="/"><span>CERN Document Server</span></a> </h2> <h3 id="site-slogan">Access articles, reports and multimedia content in HEP</h3> </hgroup> <div role="navigation" id="main-navigation" class="cdsmenu"> <h2 class="element-invisible">Main menu</h2><ul class="links inline clearfix"> <li class="menu-386 first active-trail"><a class="active-trail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a></li> <li class="menu-444 "><a class="" title="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a></li> <li class="menu-426 "><a class="" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a></li> <li class="leaf hassubcdsmenu"> <a hreflang="en" class="header" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> <ul class="subsubcdsmenu"><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/list?ln=en">Your alerts</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourbaskets/display?ln=en">Your baskets</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/yourcomments?ln=en">Your comments</a></li><li><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/youralerts/display?ln=en">Your searches</a></li></ul></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div>  <table class="navtrailbox"> <tr> <td class="navtrailboxbody"> <a href="/?ln=en" class="navtrail">Home</a> > > <a class="navtrail" href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673">Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF</a> > Access to Fulltext </td> </tr> </table> </div> <div class="pagebody"><div class="pagebodystripemiddle"> <div class="detailedrecordbox"> <div class="detailedrecordtabs"> <div> <ul class="detailedrecordtabs"><li class="first"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/">Information </a></li><li class="on"><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files">Files </a></li></ul> <div id="tabsSpacer" style="clear:both;height:0px"> </div></div> </div> <div class="detailedrecordboxcontent"> <div class="top-left-folded"></div> <div class="top-right-folded"></div> <div class="inside">  <div id="detailedrecordshortreminder"> <div id="clip"> </div> <div id="HB"> <strong><a href="/record/2891673?ln=en">Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF</a></strong> - <a href="/search?f=author&p=Nakao%2C%20Noriaki&ln=en">Nakao, Noriaki</a> <em>et al</em> </div> </div> <div style="clear:both;height:1px"> </div> <div style="width:90%;margin:auto;min-height:100px;margin-top:10px">  <small><b>Main</b> file(s):</small><ul><table border="0" cellspacing="1" class="searchbox"> <tr> <td align="left" colspan="2" class="portalboxheader"> <img src='https://cds.cern.ch/img/smallfiles.gif' border="0" />  Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and </td> </tr><tr> <td class="portalboxheader"> <font size="-2">version 1</font> </td> <td> <table> <tr> <td valign="top"> <small><a href="https://cds.cern.ch/record/2891673/files/Measurement%20and%20simulations%20of%20high-energy%20neutrons%20through%20a%20various%20thickness%20of%20concrete%20and%20steel%20shields%20using%20activation%20detectors%20at%20CHARM%20and%20.pdf?version=1">Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and .pdf</a></small> </td> <td valign="top"> <font size="-2" color="green">[5.75 MB]</font> <font size="-2"><em>14 Mar 2024, 17:53</em> </td> <td valign="top"><em>Fulltext</em></td> </tr></table></td></tr></table></ul> </div> <div class="bottom-left-folded"></div> <div class="bottom-right-folded" style="text-align:right;padding-bottom:2px;"> <span class="moreinfo" style="margin-right:10px;"><a href="/search?ln=en&p=recid%3A2891673&rm=wrd" class="moreinfo">Similar records</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> <br/> </div></div> <footer id="footer" class="pagefooter clearfix">  <div class="pagefooterstripeleft"> CERN Document Server :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/?ln=en">Search</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/submit?ln=en">Submit</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/youraccount/display?ln=en">Personalize</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cds.cern.ch/help/?ln=en">Help</a> :: <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=privacy_policy&se=CDS-Service" target="_blank">Privacy Notice</a> <br /> Powered by <a class="footer" href="http://invenio-software.org/">Invenio</a> <br /> Maintained by <a class="footer" href="https://cern.service-now.com/service-portal?id=service_element&name=CDS-Service">CDS Service</a> - 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Measurement and simulations of high-energy neutrons through a various thickness of concrete and steel shields using activation detectors at CHARM and CSBF - CERN Document Server