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id="toc-Palaeochannels:_Sarasvati's_tributary" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Palaeochannels:_Sarasvati's_tributary"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Palaeochannels: Sarasvati's tributary</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Palaeochannels:_Sarasvati's_tributary-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sources:_Banderpoonch_peak_and_Yamunotri_glacier" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sources:_Banderpoonch_peak_and_Yamunotri_glacier"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Sources: Banderpoonch peak and Yamunotri glacier</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sources:_Banderpoonch_peak_and_Yamunotri_glacier-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Current_channel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Current_channel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Current channel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Current_channel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Important_tributaries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Important_tributaries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Important tributaries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Important_tributaries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Background" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Background"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Background</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Background-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Background subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Background-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Etymology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Etymology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Etymology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Etymology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Use_of_water" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Use_of_water"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Use of water</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Use_of_water-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Use of water subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Use_of_water-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1994_water_sharing_agreement" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1994_water_sharing_agreement"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>1994 water sharing agreement</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1994_water_sharing_agreement-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Barrages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Barrages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Barrages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Barrages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Irrigation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Irrigation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Irrigation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Irrigation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Eastern_Yamuna_Canal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eastern_Yamuna_Canal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.1</span> <span>Eastern Yamuna Canal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eastern_Yamuna_Canal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Western_Yamuna_Canal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Western_Yamuna_Canal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3.2</span> <span>Western Yamuna Canal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Western_Yamuna_Canal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sutlej–Yamuna_Link_Canal" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sutlej–Yamuna_Link_Canal"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Sutlej–Yamuna Link Canal</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sutlej–Yamuna_Link_Canal-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-National_Waterway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#National_Waterway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>National Waterway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-National_Waterway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_significance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_significance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Religious significance</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Religious_significance-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Religious significance subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Religious_significance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Purifying_waters" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Purifying_waters"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Purifying waters</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Purifying_waters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Goddess_personified" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Goddess_personified"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Goddess personified</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Goddess_personified-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Devotion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Devotion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Devotion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Devotion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Shlokas_on_Yamuna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shlokas_on_Yamuna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3.1</span> <span>Shlokas on Yamuna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shlokas_on_Yamuna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Ecology subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Fauna" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fauna"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Fauna</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fauna-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pollution" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pollution"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Pollution</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pollution-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Pollution subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pollution-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Causes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Causes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Causes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Causes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cleanup_efforts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cleanup_efforts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Cleanup efforts</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cleanup_efforts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yamuna</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 95 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-95" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">95 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुना नदी – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="यमुना नदी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A9" title="نهر جمنة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نهر جمنة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80" title="যমুনা নদী – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="যমুনা নদী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADu_Yamuna" title="Ríu Yamuna – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Ríu Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुना नदी – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="यमुना नदी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ysyry_Jam%C3%BAna" title="Ysyry Jamúna – Guarani" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Ysyry Jamúna" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="Guarani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Camna" title="Camna – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Camna" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7_%DA%86%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C" title="جمنا چایی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="جمنا چایی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%80_(%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%A4)" title="যমুনা নদী (ভারত) – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যমুনা নদী (ভারত)" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джамна – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Джамна" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джамна – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Джамна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джамна – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Джамна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="जमुना – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="जमुना" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AF%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Ямуна – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Ямуна" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джамна – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Джамна" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna_(suba_sa_Indiya)" title="Yamuna (suba sa Indiya) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Yamuna (suba sa Indiya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afon_Yamuna" title="Afon Yamuna – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Afon Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Γιαμούνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γιαμούνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Yamuna" title="Río Yamuna – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Río Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuno" title="Jamuno – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jamuno" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7_(%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%AF)" title="جمنا (رود) – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="جمنا (رود)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%ADo_Yamuna" title="Río Yamuna – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Río Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%81%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE" title="યમુના – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="યમુના" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gom mw-list-item"><a href="https://gom.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="यमुना – Goan Konkani" lang="gom" hreflang="gom" data-title="यमुना" data-language-autonym="गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni" data-language-local-name="Goan Konkani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>गोंयची कोंकणी / Gõychi Konknni</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%BC%EB%AC%B4%EB%82%98%EA%B0%95" title="야무나강 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="야무나강" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8B%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Ջամնա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ջամնա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुना नदी – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="यमुना नदी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Yamuna" title="Sungai Yamuna – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Sungai Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna_(fiume)" title="Yamuna (fiume) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Yamuna (fiume)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%94" title="יאמונה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יאמונה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE" title="ಯಮುನಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಯಮುನಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ჯამნა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ჯამნა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%96%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Жамна – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Жамна" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iamuna" title="Iamuna – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Iamuna" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुना नदी – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="यमुना नदी" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8" title="യമുന – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="യമുന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुना नदी – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="यमुना नदी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="ჯამუნა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ჯამუნა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%87%D8%B1_%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7" title="نهر يامونا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نهر يامونا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sungai_Yamuna" title="Sungai Yamuna – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Sungai Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%AF%E1%80%94%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="ယမုနာမြစ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယမုနာမြစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुना नदी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="यमुना नदी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%96%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF" title="यमुना खुसि – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="यमुना खुसि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A4%E3%83%A0%E3%83%8A%E3%83%BC%E5%B7%9D" title="ヤムナー川 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヤムナー川" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AF%E0%AC%AE%E0%AD%81%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BE" title="ଯମୁନା – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଯମୁନା" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamna" title="Jamna – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Jamna" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE_%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80" title="ਯਮੁਨਾ ਨਦੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਯਮੁਨਾ ਨਦੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7" title="دریائے جمنا – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="دریائے جمنا" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna_(rzeka)" title="Jamuna (rzeka) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jamuna (rzeka)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rio_Jamuna" title="Rio Jamuna – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Rio Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джамна – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Джамна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80" title="यमुनानदी – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="यमुनानदी" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F_%E1%B1%9C%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B0%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱚᱢᱩᱱᱟ ᱜᱟᱰᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%83%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Јамуна – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јамуна" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamuna" title="Jamuna – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jamuna" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88_%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%81" title="யமுனை ஆறு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யமுனை ஆறு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE_%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%A6%E0%B0%BF" title="యమునా నది – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="యమునా నది" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%99%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2" title="แม่น้ำยมุนา – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่น้ำยมุนา" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE_%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%81%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%86" title="ಯಮುನಾ ಸುದೆ – Tulu" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಯಮುನಾ ಸುದೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="Tulu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna_Nehri" title="Yamuna Nehri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yamuna Nehri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Джамна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Джамна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%92_%D8%AC%D9%85%D9%86%D8%A7" title="دریائے جمنا – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="دریائے جمنا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yamuna" title="Yamuna – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Yamuna" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%A9%86%E7%BA%B3%E6%B2%B3" title="亚穆纳河 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="亚穆纳河" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%A2" title="יאמונע – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="יאמונע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%A9%86%E7%B4%8D%E6%B2%B3" title="亞穆納河 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="亞穆納河" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E7%A9%86%E7%B4%8D%E6%B2%B3" title="亞穆納河 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="亞穆納河" data-language-autonym="中文" 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href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_25_21_N_81_53_15_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°25′21″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°53′15″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.42250°N 81.88750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.42250; 81.88750</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">River in India</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Yamuna (disambiguation)">Yamuna (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Jamuna_River_(Bangladesh)" title="Jamuna River (Bangladesh)">Jamuna River (Bangladesh)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Yamuna</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Vishram_Ghat.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Vishram_Ghat.jpg/250px-Vishram_Ghat.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Vishram_Ghat.jpg/375px-Vishram_Ghat.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Vishram_Ghat.jpg/500px-Vishram_Ghat.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5061" data-file-height="3373" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Vishram_Ghat" title="Vishram Ghat">Vishram Ghat</a>, on the Yamuna at <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a> in Uttar Pradesh</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamunarivermap.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Yamunarivermap.jpg/240px-Yamunarivermap.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="240" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Yamunarivermap.jpg/360px-Yamunarivermap.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Yamunarivermap.jpg/480px-Yamunarivermap.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Location</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">India</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">State</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>, Uttar Pradesh, <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>, Delhi</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Cities</th><td class="infobox-data"><b><a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar" title="Yamunanagar">Yamunanagar</a><br /> <p><b><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Kairana" title="Kairana">Kairana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Baghpat" title="Baghpat">Baghpat</a><br /> </p><p><b>Delhi</b>: New Delhi<br /> </p> <b><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></b>: <a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firozabad" title="Firozabad">Firozabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etawah" title="Etawah">Etawah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Auraiya" title="Auraiya">Auraiya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Physical characteristics</th></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Source</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Banderpooch peaks, <a href="/wiki/Uttarkashi_district" title="Uttarkashi district">Uttarkashi district</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a>, India</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=31_1_21_N_78_27_18_E_"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">31°1′21″N</span> <span class="longitude">78°27′18″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">31.02250°N 78.45500°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.02250; 78.45500</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • elevation</span></th><td class="infobox-data">4,500 m (14,800 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-GoogleMapsSource_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoogleMapsSource-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/River_mouth" title="River mouth">Mouth</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • location</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Triveni_Sangam" title="Triveni Sangam">Triveni Sangam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a>, India</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • coordinates</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_25_21_N_81_53_15_E_type:river"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°25′21″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°53′15″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.42250°N 81.88750°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.42250; 81.88750</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display:inline;font-weight:normal"> • elevation</div></th><td class="infobox-data">84 m (276 ft)</td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Length</th><td class="infobox-data">1,376 km (855 mi)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basin size</th><td class="infobox-data">366,223 km<sup>2</sup> (141,399 sq mi)</td></tr><tr style="display:none;"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Discharge</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • location</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a><sup id="cite_ref-JainAgarwal2007-341_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JainAgarwal2007-341-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • average</span></th><td class="infobox-data">2,950 m<sup>3</sup>/s (104,000 cu ft/s)</td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #CEDEFF;color: #202122;">Basin features</th></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Tributaries</th><td class="infobox-data"> </td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • left</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons</a>, Hanuman Ganga, <a href="/wiki/Sasur_Khaderi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sasur Khaderi">Sasur Khaderi</a></td></tr><tr style="padding: 0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em;line-height: 1.2em;"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span style="font-weight:normal"> • right</span></th><td class="infobox-data">Giri, Baghain, <a href="/wiki/Sahibi_River" title="Sahibi River">Sabi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sindh_River" title="Sindh River">Sindh</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken 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abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini" style="float:left;margin-right:5px;white-space:nowrap"><ul class="navbar-brackets" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:white"><li class="nv-view"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Yamuna_Map&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Yamuna Map (page does not exist)"><abbr title="View this template" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:Yamuna_Map&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:Yamuna Map (page does not exist)"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Yamuna_Map" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Yamuna Map"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="font-size:113.63636363636%;color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div style="margin-left:55px"><div style="white-space:nowrap;margin-right:55px;font-size:113.63636363636%">Yamuna</div></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="line-height:normal;padding:4px 5px"><div class="selfreference noprint" style="text-align:right;font-size:97%"><a href="/wiki/Template:Railway_line_legend" title="Template:Railway line legend">Legend</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0px 6px 6px"> <table class="nogrid routemap" style="font-size:107.95454545455%"> <tbody><tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uKBHFa"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BSicon_uKBHFa.svg/20px-BSicon_uKBHFa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BSicon_uKBHFa.svg/30px-BSicon_uKBHFa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/BSicon_uKBHFa.svg/40px-BSicon_uKBHFa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons River</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paonta_Sahib" title="Paonta Sahib">Paonta Sahib</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uxWEIRg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/20px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/30px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/40px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTRq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/BSicon_uSTRq.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTRq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_uABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_uABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/BSicon_uABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_uABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Western_Yamuna_Canal" title="Western Yamuna Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uxWEIRg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/20px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/30px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/40px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Wazirabad_Barrage" class="mw-redirect" title="Wazirabad Barrage">Wazirabad Barrage</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2">New Delhi </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSBRÜCKE"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg/20px-BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg/30px-BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg/40px-BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Old_Yamuna_Bridge" title="Old Yamuna Bridge">Old Yamuna Bridge</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uxWEIRg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/20px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/30px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8d/BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg/40px-BSicon_uxWEIRg.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Okhla_barrage" title="Okhla barrage">Okhla Barrage</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSBRÜCKE"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg/20px-BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg/30px-BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg/40px-BSicon_uSBR%C3%9CCKE.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Noida_Direct_Flyway" class="mw-redirect" title="Delhi Noida Direct Flyway">Delhi Noida Direct Flyway</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Somb_river" title="Somb river">Somb River</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Western_Yamuna_Canal" title="Western Yamuna Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Bhind" title="Bhind">Bhind</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sindh_River" title="Sindh River">Sindh River</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa River</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="exWWSELq"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/20px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/30px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/BSicon_exWWSELq.svg/40px-BSicon_exWWSELq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="ueABZgr"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/20px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/30px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/BSicon_ueABZgr.svg/40px-BSicon_ueABZgr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uSTR+FEATURE@r"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/20px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/30px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg/40px-BSicon_uSTR%2BFEATURE%40r.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Allahabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Allahabad">Allahabad</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir"><div class="RM_"></div><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><span title="uVEEf"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/BSicon_uVEEf.svg/20px-BSicon_uVEEf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/BSicon_uVEEf.svg/30px-BSicon_uVEEf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/BSicon_uVEEf.svg/40px-BSicon_uVEEf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Triveni_Sangam" title="Triveni Sangam">Triveni Sangam</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="RMl" colspan="2"> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td class="RMir" style="background:#003399"><div class="RM_"></div><div class="RM_"></div> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td class="RMr" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="padding:0 3px 0 0;"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMl1"> </td> <td> </td> <td class="RMr1"> </td> <td> </td> <td style="padding:0 0 0 3px;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Yamuna</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">pronounced</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="hi-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[jəmʊnɑː]</a></span>; <a href="/wiki/IAST" class="mw-redirect" title="IAST">IAST</a>: <i><span title="International Alphabet of Sanskrit transliteration"><i lang="sa-Latn">Yamunā</i></span></i>) is the second-largest <a href="/wiki/Tributary" title="Tributary">tributary</a> river of the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a> by discharge and the longest tributary in <a href="/wiki/List_of_major_rivers_of_India" title="List of major rivers of India">India</a>. Originating from the <a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> Glacier at a height of about 4,500 m (14,800 ft)<sup id="cite_ref-GoogleMapsSource_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GoogleMapsSource-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> on the southwestern slopes of <a href="/wiki/Bandarpunch" title="Bandarpunch">Bandarpunch</a> peaks of the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Himalayan_Range" title="Lower Himalayan Range">Lower Himalaya</a> in Uttarakhand, it travels 1,376 kilometres (855 mi) and has a <a href="/wiki/Drainage_system_(geomorphology)" title="Drainage system (geomorphology)">drainage system</a> of 366,223 square kilometres (141,399 sq mi), 40.2% of the entire <a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a>. It merges with the Ganges at <a href="/wiki/Triveni_Sangam" title="Triveni Sangam">Triveni Sangam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Prayagraj" title="Prayagraj">Prayagraj</a>, which is a site of the <a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a>, a Hindu festival held every 12 years. </p><p>Like the Ganges, the Yamuna is highly venerated in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> and worshipped as the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism" title="Yamuna in Hinduism">goddess Yamuna</a>. In Hinduism, she is believed to be the daughter of the sun god, <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a>, and the sister of <a href="/wiki/Yama" title="Yama">Yama</a>, the god of death, and so she is also known as Yami. According to popular Hindu legends, bathing in Yamuna's <a href="/wiki/Sacred_waters" title="Sacred waters">sacred waters</a> frees one from the torments of death.<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brit_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The river crosses several states such as <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>, Uttar Pradesh, <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a> and Delhi. It also meets several tributaries along the way, including <a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a>, its longest tributary which has its own large basin, followed by <a href="/wiki/Sindh_River" title="Sindh River">Sindh</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Betwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Betwa">Betwa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a>. From Uttarakhand, the river flows into the state of <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>. After passing <a href="/wiki/Paonta_Sahib" title="Paonta Sahib">Paonta Sahib</a>, Yamuna flows along the boundary of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh and after exiting Haryana it continues to flow till it merges with the river Ganges at Sangam or Prayag in Prayagraj (Uttar Pradesh). It helps create the highly fertile <a href="/wiki/Alluvium" title="Alluvium">alluvial</a> Ganges-Yamuna <a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</a> region between itself and the Ganges in the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Gangetic plain">Indo-Gangetic plain</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brit_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Nearly 57 million people depend on the Yamuna's waters, and the river accounts for more than 70 percent of Delhi's water supply. It has an annual flow of 97 billion cubic metres, and nearly 4 billion cubic metres are consumed every year (of which irrigation constitutes 96%).<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-brit_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the <a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a>, its waters are diverted into two large canals: the <a href="/wiki/Western_Yamuna_Canal" title="Western Yamuna Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</a> flowing towards Haryana, and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eastern_Yamuna_Canal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eastern Yamuna Canal (page does not exist)">Eastern Yamuna Canal</a> flowing towards Uttar Pradesh. Beyond that point the Yamuna is joined by the <a href="/wiki/Somb_river" title="Somb river">Somb</a>, a seasonal rivulet from Haryana, and by the highly polluted <a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon River</a> near <a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a>, by <a href="/wiki/Najafgarh_drain" title="Najafgarh drain">Najafgarh drain</a> near <a href="/wiki/Wazirabad,_Delhi" title="Wazirabad, Delhi">Wazirabad</a> and by various other drains, so that it continues only as a trickling sewage-bearing drain before joining the <a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a> at <a href="/wiki/Pachnada" title="Pachnada">Pachnada</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Etawah_District" class="mw-redirect" title="Etawah District">Etawah District</a> of Uttar Pradesh.<sup id="cite_ref-nowater1_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nowater1-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The water quality in Upper Yamuna, as the 375-kilometre (233 mi) long stretch of Yamuna is called from its origin at <a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> to <a href="/wiki/Okhla_barrage" title="Okhla barrage">Okhla barrage</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-okhla5_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-okhla5-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is of "reasonably good quality" until the <a href="/wiki/Wazirabad_barrage" title="Wazirabad barrage">Wazirabad barrage</a> in Delhi. Below this, the discharge of wastewater in Delhi through 15 drains between Wazirabad barrage and Okhla barrage renders the river severely polluted. Wazirabad barrage to Okhla Barrage, 22 km (14 mi) stretch of Yamuna in Delhi, is less than 2% of Yamuna's total length but accounts for nearly 80% of the total pollution in the river.<sup id="cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newindianexpress-27Jul21-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Untreated wastewater and poor quality of water discharged from the wastewater treatment plants are the major reasons of Yamuna's pollution in Delhi. To address river pollution, measures have been taken by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment,_Forest_and_Climate_Change" title="Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change">Ministry of Environment and Forests</a> (MoEF) under the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Action_Plan" title="Yamuna Action Plan">Yamuna Action Plan</a> (YAP) which has been implemented since 1993 by the MoEF's National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Basin">Basin</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Basin"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie,_Uttarakhand.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie%2C_Uttarakhand.jpg/300px-Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie%2C_Uttarakhand.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie%2C_Uttarakhand.jpg/450px-Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie%2C_Uttarakhand.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie%2C_Uttarakhand.jpg/600px-Himalayas_at_dusk_from_Mussoorie%2C_Uttarakhand.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2688" data-file-height="1028" /></a><figcaption>Banderpoonch peak, the source of Yamuna, as seen from <a href="/wiki/Mussoorie" title="Mussoorie">Mussoorie</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg/180px-Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg/270px-Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg/360px-Yamunotri_temple_and_ashram.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2304" data-file-height="1728" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> temple on the river, dedicated to Goddess Yamuna</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg/290px-DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg" decoding="async" width="290" height="352" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg/435px-DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg/580px-DoabUnitedProvincesIGI1908.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="1500" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_Provinces_of_Agra_and_Oudh" title="United Provinces of Agra and Oudh">United Provinces</a>, 1908</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Palaeochannels:_Sarasvati's_tributary"><span id="Palaeochannels:_Sarasvati.27s_tributary"></span>Palaeochannels: Sarasvati's tributary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Palaeochannels: Sarasvati's tributary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The present <a href="/wiki/Sarsuti" title="Sarsuti">Sarsuti</a> river which originates in the Shivalik hills in <a href="/wiki/Himachal" class="mw-redirect" title="Himachal">Himachal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a> border and merges with <a href="/wiki/Ghaggar-Hakra_River" title="Ghaggar-Hakra River">Ghaggar River</a> near <a href="/wiki/Pehowa" title="Pehowa">Pehowa</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Palaeochannel" title="Palaeochannel">palaeochannel</a> of Yamuna.<sup id="cite_ref-sarsuti1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sarsuti1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yamuna changed its course to the east due to a shift in the slope of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_crust" title="Continental crust">Earth's crust</a> caused by <a href="/wiki/Plate_tectonics" title="Plate tectonics">plate tectonics</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-sarsuti1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sarsuti1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sources:_Banderpoonch_peak_and_Yamunotri_glacier">Sources: Banderpoonch peak and Yamunotri glacier</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Sources: Banderpoonch peak and Yamunotri glacier"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The source of Yamuna lies in the <a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> Glacier at an elevation of 6,387 metres (20,955 ft), on the southwestern slopes of Banderpooch peaks, which lie in the <a href="/wiki/Mussoorie" title="Mussoorie">Mussoorie</a> range of the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Himalayan_Range" title="Lower Himalayan Range">Lower Himalayas</a>, north of <a href="/wiki/Haridwar" title="Haridwar">Haridwar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Uttarkashi_district" title="Uttarkashi district">Uttarkashi district</a>, Uttarakhand.<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Yamunotri temple, a shrine dedicated to the goddess Yamuna, is one of the holiest shrines in <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a>, and part of the <a href="/wiki/Chota_Char_Dham" title="Chota Char Dham">Chota Char Dham</a> <a href="/wiki/Yatra" title="Yatra">Yatra</a> circuit. Also standing close to the temple, on its 13-kilometre (8 mi) trek route that follows the right bank of the river, lies Markendeya Tirtha, where the sage <a href="/wiki/Markandeya" title="Markandeya">Markandeya</a> wrote the <a href="/wiki/Markandeya_Purana" title="Markandeya Purana">Markandeya Purana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-utt_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-utt-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Current_channel">Current channel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Current channel"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The river flows southwards for about 200 kilometres (120 mi), through the Lower Himalayas and the <a href="/wiki/Shivalik_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Shivalik Hills">Shivalik Hills</a> Range. <a href="/wiki/Morainic" class="mw-redirect" title="Morainic">Morainic</a> deposits are found along the steep Upper Yamuna, highlighted with <a href="/wiki/Geomorphic" class="mw-redirect" title="Geomorphic">geomorphic</a> features such as <a href="/wiki/Interlocking_spur" title="Interlocking spur">interlocking spurs</a>, steep rock <a href="/wiki/Bench_(geology)" title="Bench (geology)">benches</a>, gorges and <a href="/wiki/Stream_terrace" class="mw-redirect" title="Stream terrace">stream terraces</a>. Large terraces formed over a long period of time can be seen in the lower course of the river, such as those near Naugoan. An important part of its early <a href="/wiki/Water_catchment_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Water catchment area">catchment area</a>, totalling 2,320 square kilometres (900 sq mi), lies in <a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons</a>, Yamuna's largest tributary, drains a large portion of the upper catchment area and holds more water than the main stream. It rises from the Hari-ki-dun valley and merges after Kalsi near <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a>. The drainage system of the river stretches between Giri-<a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a> catchment in Himachal and Yamuna-<a href="/wiki/Bhilangna" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhilangna">Bhilangna</a> catchment in <a href="/wiki/Garhwal_division" title="Garhwal division">Garhwal</a>, also draining the ridge of <a href="/wiki/Shimla" title="Shimla">Shimla</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kalanag" title="Kalanag">Kalanag</a> (6,387 metres [20,955 ft]) is the highest point of the Yamuna basin. Other tributaries in the region are the Giri, Rishi Ganga Kunta, Hanuman Ganga and Bata, which drain the upper catchment area of the Yamuna basin.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chandigarh_river.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chandigarh_river.jpg/220px-Chandigarh_river.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chandigarh_river.jpg/330px-Chandigarh_river.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Chandigarh_river.jpg/440px-Chandigarh_river.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4608" /></a><figcaption>Yamuna river between <a href="/wiki/Saharanpur" title="Saharanpur">Saharanpur</a> and Yamunanagar</figcaption></figure> <p>From the upper catchment area, the river descends onto the plains of <a href="/wiki/Doon_Valley" title="Doon Valley">Doon Valley</a>, at <a href="/wiki/Dak_Pathar" class="mw-redirect" title="Dak Pathar">Dak Pathar</a> near Dehradun. Flowing through the <a href="/wiki/Dakpathar_Barrage" title="Dakpathar Barrage">Dakpathar Barrage</a>, the water is diverted into a canal for power generation. Further downstream, the Assan River joins the Yamuna at the <a href="/wiki/Asan_Barrage" title="Asan Barrage">Asan Barrage</a>, which hosts a bird sanctuary. After passing the <a href="/wiki/Sikh" class="mw-redirect" title="Sikh">Sikh</a> pilgrimage town of <a href="/wiki/Paonta_Sahib" title="Paonta Sahib">Paonta Sahib</a>, the Yamuna reaches <a href="/wiki/Tajewala" class="mw-redirect" title="Tajewala">Tajewala</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Nagar_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna Nagar district">Yamuna Nagar district</a> (named after the river) of <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a>. A dam built here in 1873 is the origin of two important canals, the Western and Eastern <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna Canal">Yamuna Canals</a>, which irrigate the states of Haryana and Uttar Pradesh. The Western Yamuna Canal (WYC) crosses <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Nagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Yamuna Nagar">Yamuna Nagar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal" title="Karnal">Karnal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Panipat" title="Panipat">Panipat</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sonipat" title="Sonipat">Sonipat</a> before reaching the Haiderpur treatment plant, which contributes to Delhi's municipal water supply. The Yamuna receives wastewater from Yamuna Nagar and Panipat cities; beyond this it is replenished by seasonal streams and <a href="/wiki/Groundwater" title="Groundwater">groundwater</a> <a href="/wiki/Accrual" title="Accrual">accrual</a>. During the dry season, the Yamuna remains dry in many stretches between the Tajewala dam and Delhi, where it enters near the <a href="/wiki/Palla_barrage" title="Palla barrage">Palla barrage</a> after traversing 224 kilometres (139 mi).<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Yamuna defines the state borders between Himachal Pradesh and Uttarakhand, and between Haryana, Delhi and <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a>. When the Yamuna reaches the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_plain" class="mw-redirect" title="Indo-Gangetic plain">Indo-Gangetic plain</a>, it runs almost parallel to the Ganges, the two rivers creating the Ganges-Yamuna <a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</a> region. Spread across 69,000 square kilometres (27,000 sq mi), one-third of the <a href="/wiki/Alluvial" class="mw-redirect" title="Alluvial">alluvial</a> plain, the region is known for its agricultural output, particularly for the cultivation of <a href="/wiki/Basmati" title="Basmati">basmati</a> rice. The plain's agriculture supports one-third of India's population.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg/200px-Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg/300px-Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg/400px-Indo-Gangetic_Plain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Course of Yamuna, in the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plain</a></figcaption></figure> <table class="wikitable sortable"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th>State </th> <th>Catchment area (km<sup>2</sup>) </th> <th>% of catchment area </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a> </td> <td>74,208 </td> <td>21.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Himachal_Pradesh" title="Himachal Pradesh">Himachal Pradesh</a> </td> <td>5,799 </td> <td>1.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a> </td> <td>21,265 </td> <td>6.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> </td> <td>102,883 </td> <td>29.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a> </td> <td>140,230 </td> <td>40.6 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Delhi </td> <td>1,485 </td> <td>0.4 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Subsequently, the Yamuna flows through the states of Delhi, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh before merging with the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a> at a sacred spot known as Triveni Sangam in Prayagraj. Pilgrims travel by boats to platforms erected in midstream to offer prayers. During the <a href="/wiki/Kumbh_Mela" title="Kumbh Mela">Kumbh Mela</a>, held every 12 years, large congregations of people immerse themselves in the sacred waters of the confluence.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The cities of <a href="/wiki/Baghpat" title="Baghpat">Baghpat</a>, Delhi, <a href="/wiki/Noida" title="Noida">Noida</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mathura,_Uttar_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura, Uttar Pradesh">Mathura</a>, <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Firozabad" title="Firozabad">Firozabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Etawah" title="Etawah">Etawah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kalpi" title="Kalpi">Kalpi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamirpur_district,_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Hamirpur district, Uttar Pradesh">Hamirpur</a>, and Prayagraj lie on its banks. At Etawah, it meets it another important tributary, <a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a>, followed by a host of <a href="/wiki/Tributaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Tributaries">tributaries</a> further down, including, Sindh, the <a href="/wiki/Betwa" class="mw-redirect" title="Betwa">Betwa</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-brit_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Important_tributaries">Important tributaries</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Important tributaries"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamua_watershed.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Yamua_watershed.jpg/220px-Yamua_watershed.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Yamua_watershed.jpg/330px-Yamua_watershed.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/Yamua_watershed.jpg/440px-Yamua_watershed.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1315" data-file-height="999" /></a><figcaption>Yamuna River Basin (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://mghydro.com/watersheds/shared/FC47F0.html">Interactive map</a>)</figcaption></figure> <p>Yamuna's tributaries make up 70.9% of the catchment area and the river has six important tributaries:<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons River</a> is Yamuna's largest tributary<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and rises in the 6,315-metre-high (20,719 ft) Bandarpoonch mountain. It meets Yamuna below Kalsi, near <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a>, Uttarakhand.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon River</a> originates from Upper <a href="/wiki/Siwalik_Hills" class="mw-redirect" title="Siwalik Hills">Shivalik</a>, in the <a href="/wiki/Lower_Himalayan_Range" title="Lower Himalayan Range">Lower Himalayan Range</a>. It is a rain fed river and has a <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">catchment area</a> of 7,083 square kilometres (2,735 sq mi) and traverses 400 kilometres (250 mi).<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal River</a>, also known as Charmanvati in ancient texts, flows through <a href="/wiki/Rajasthan" title="Rajasthan">Rajasthan</a> and Madhya Pradesh and traverses a total distance of 960 kilometres (600 mi) from its source in the <a href="/wiki/Vindhya_Range" title="Vindhya Range">Vindhya Range</a>, near <a href="/wiki/Mhow" title="Mhow">Mhow</a>. It has a drainage basin of 143,219 square kilometres (55,297 sq mi) and it supports hydro-power generation at <a href="/wiki/Gandhi_Sagar_dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Gandhi Sagar dam">Gandhi Sagar dam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rana_Pratap_Sagar_dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Rana Pratap Sagar dam">Rana Pratap Sagar dam</a> and Jawahar Sagar dam. The Chambal river merges with the Yamuna at Sahon village.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Kali River, rises in the Doon Valley and merges with the Hindon River.<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken River</a>, flows through <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a> and Uttar Pradesh. It originates near Ahirgawan village in <a href="/wiki/Jabalpur_district" title="Jabalpur district">Jabalpur district</a> and travels a distance of 427 kilometres (265 mi) before merging with the Yamuna at Chilla village, near <a href="/wiki/Fatehpur,_Fatehpur" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatehpur, Fatehpur">Fatehpur</a> in Uttar Pradesh. It has an overall <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">drainage basin</a> of 28,058 square kilometres (10,833 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa River</a> originates in Bhopal district, in Madhya Pradesh. Its confluence with the Yamuna is in Hamirpur district, Uttar Pradesh. It has a catchment area of 46,580 km<sup>2</sup> (17,980 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-:3_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Krishna_carried_over_river_yamuna.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Krishna_carried_over_river_yamuna.jpg/250px-Krishna_carried_over_river_yamuna.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Krishna_carried_over_river_yamuna.jpg/375px-Krishna_carried_over_river_yamuna.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/Krishna_carried_over_river_yamuna.jpg 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="364" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Vasudeva" title="Vasudeva">Vasudev</a> carrying baby Lord <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a> across the Yamuna, an important legend of <a href="/wiki/Bhagavata_Purana" title="Bhagavata Purana">Bhagavata Purana</a>, mid-18th century</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Taj_Mahal-10.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Taj_Mahal-10.jpg/250px-Taj_Mahal-10.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="167" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Taj_Mahal-10.jpg/375px-Taj_Mahal-10.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Taj_Mahal-10.jpg/500px-Taj_Mahal-10.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3366" data-file-height="2244" /></a><figcaption>The Yamuna beside the <a href="/wiki/Taj_Mahal" title="Taj Mahal">Taj Mahal</a></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Etymology">Etymology</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The name <i>Yamuna</i> seems to be derived from the <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> word "yama", meaning 'twin', and it may have been applied to the river because it runs parallel to the Ganges.<sup id="cite_ref-ved1_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ved1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="Ancient_literature_and_history"></span> </p><p>The earliest mention of Yamuna is found at many places in the <a href="/wiki/Rig_Veda" class="mw-redirect" title="Rig Veda">Rig Veda</a> (c. 1500–1000 BCE), which was composed during the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_period" title="Vedic period">Vedic period</a> <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1700–1100</span> BCE, and also in the later <a href="/wiki/Atharvaveda" title="Atharvaveda">Atharvaveda</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Brahmana" title="Brahmana">Brahmanas</a> including <a href="/wiki/Aitareya_Brahmana" title="Aitareya Brahmana">Aitareya Brahmana</a> and <a href="/wiki/Shatapatha_Brahmana" title="Shatapatha Brahmana">Shatapatha Brahmana</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ved1_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ved1-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rigveda</a>, the story of the Yamuna describes her "excessive love" for her twin, <a href="/wiki/Yama" title="Yama">Yama</a>, who in turn asks her to find a suitable match for herself, which she does in <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Yamuna is mentioned as <a href="/wiki/Iomanes" class="mw-redirect" title="Iomanes">Iomanes</a> (<a href="/wiki/Ioames" class="mw-redirect" title="Ioames">Ioames</a>) in the surveys of <a href="/wiki/Seleucus_I_Nicator" title="Seleucus I Nicator">Seleucus I Nicator</a>, an officer of <a href="/wiki/Alexander_the_Great" title="Alexander the Great">Alexander the Great</a> and one of the <a href="/wiki/Diadochi" title="Diadochi">Diadochi</a>, who visited India in 305 BCE. Greek traveller and geographer <a href="/wiki/Megasthenes" title="Megasthenes">Megasthenes</a> visited India sometime before 288 BCE (the date of <a href="/wiki/Chandragupta_Maurya" title="Chandragupta Maurya">Chandragupta</a>'s death) and mentioned the river in his <i><a href="/wiki/Indica_(Megasthenes)" title="Indica (Megasthenes)">Indica</a></i>, where he described the region around it as the land of Surasena.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In <i><a href="/wiki/Mahabharata" title="Mahabharata">Mahabharata</a></i>, the <a href="/wiki/Pandava" title="Pandava">Pandava</a> capital of <a href="/wiki/Indraprastha" title="Indraprastha">Indraprastha</a> was situated on the banks of Yamuna, considered to be the site of modern Delhi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Geological evidence indicates that in the distant past the Yamuna was a tributary of the <a href="/wiki/Ghaggar_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaggar River">Ghaggar River</a> (identified by some as the <a href="/wiki/Vedic_Sarasvati_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedic Sarasvati River">Vedic Sarasvati River</a>). It later changed its course eastward, becoming a tributary of the Ganges. While some have argued that this was due to a <a href="/wiki/Tectonic" class="mw-redirect" title="Tectonic">tectonic</a> event, and may have led to the Sarasvati River drying up, the end of many <a href="/wiki/Harappan_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Harappan civilisation">Harappan civilisation</a> settlements, and creation of the <a href="/wiki/Thar_desert" class="mw-redirect" title="Thar desert">Thar desert</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> recent geological research suggests that the diversion of the Yamuna to the Ganges may have occurred during the <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a>, and thus could not be connected to the decline of the Harappan civilisation in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Most of the great empires which ruled over a majority of India were based in the highly fertile Ganges–Yamuna basin, including the <a href="/wiki/Magadha_(Mahajanapada)" class="mw-redirect" title="Magadha (Mahajanapada)">Magadha</a> (<abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 600 BCE</span>), <a href="/wiki/Maurya_Empire" title="Maurya Empire">Maurya Empire</a> (321–185 BCE), <a href="/wiki/Shunga_Empire" title="Shunga Empire">Shunga Empire</a> (185–73 BCE), <a href="/wiki/Kushan_Empire" title="Kushan Empire">Kushan Empire</a> (1st–3rd centuries CE), and <a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta Empire</a> (280–550 CE), and many had their capitals here, in cities like <a href="/wiki/Pataliputra" title="Pataliputra">Pataliputra</a> or <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a>. These rivers were revered throughout these kingdoms that flourished on their banks; since the period of <a href="/wiki/Chandragupta_II" title="Chandragupta II">Chandragupta II</a> (<abbr title="reigned">r.</abbr> 375–415 CE), statues both the Ganges and Yamuna became common throughout the Gupta Empire. Further to the South, images of the Ganges and Yamuna are found amidst shrines of the Chalukyas, <a href="/wiki/Rashtrakutas" title="Rashtrakutas">Rashtrakutas</a> (753–982), and on their royal seals; prior to them, the <a href="/wiki/Chola_Empire" title="Chola Empire">Chola Empire</a> also added the river into their architectural motifs. The Three River Goddess shrine, next to the <a href="/wiki/Kailasa_Temple,_Ellora" title="Kailasa Temple, Ellora">Kailash rock-cut Temple</a> at <a href="/wiki/Ellora_Caves" title="Ellora Caves">Ellora</a>, shows the Ganges flanked by the Yamuna and Saraswati.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Use_of_water">Use of water</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Use of water"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="1994_water_sharing_agreement">1994 water sharing agreement</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: 1994 water sharing agreement"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The stretch of the river from its origin at <a href="/wiki/Yamunotri" title="Yamunotri">Yamunotri</a> to <a href="/wiki/Okhla_barrage" title="Okhla barrage">Okhla barrage</a> in Delhi is called "Upper Yamuna". A Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) was signed amongst the five basin states (Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Uttarakhand, Haryana, Rajasthan, and Delhi) on 12 May 1994 for sharing of its waters. This led to the formation of the Upper Yamuna River Board under India's <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Water_Resources,_River_Development_and_Ganga_Rejuvenation" title="Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation">Ministry of Water Resources</a>, whose primary functions are: regulation of the available flows amongst the beneficiary states and monitoring the return flows; monitoring conservation and upgrading the quality of surface and groundwater; maintaining hydro-meteorological data for the basin; overviewing plans for watershed management; and monitoring and reviewing the progress of all projects up to and including Okhla barrage.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Flood forecasting systems are established at Poanta Sahib, where Tons, Pawar and Giri tributaries meet. The river take 60 hours to travel from Tajewala to Delhi, thus allowing a two-day advance flood warning period.<sup id="cite_ref-hy_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hy-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Central Water Commission started flood-forecasting services in 1958 with its first forecasting station on Yamuna at Delhi Railway Bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Barrages">Barrages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Barrages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yamuna has the following six functional <a href="/wiki/Barrage_(dam)" title="Barrage (dam)">barrages</a> (eight including old replaced barrages, nine including a new proposed barrage), from north-west to southeast:<sup id="cite_ref-all1_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-all1-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-rg1_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rg1-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-bar1_31-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-bar1-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ahmad1_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ahmad1-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (November 2018)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakpathar_Barrage" title="Dakpathar Barrage">Dakpathar Barrage</a> in Uttarakhand, managed by the Uttarakhand government.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a> in Haryana, 172 km (107 mi) from the source of Yamuna, built in 1999 and managed by Haryana government.<sup id="cite_ref-taje1_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taje1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Haberman2006_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haberman2006-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tajewala_Barrage" title="Tajewala Barrage">Tajewala Barrage</a> was built in 1873 and replaced by the Hathni Kund.<sup id="cite_ref-taje1_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taje1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Haberman2006_34-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haberman2006-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wazirabad_barrage" title="Wazirabad barrage">Wazirabad barrage</a> in north Delhi, 244 km (152 mi) from Hathni Kund barrage, managed by the Delhi government.<sup id="cite_ref-who1_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>"New Wazirabad barrage", proposed in 2013, to be built 8 km (5.0 mi) north of the Wazirabad barrage.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITO_barrage" title="ITO barrage">ITO barrage</a> (Indraparstha barrage) in central Delhi, managed by the Haryana govt.<sup id="cite_ref-who1_35-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okhla_barrage" title="Okhla barrage">Okhla barrage</a> is 22 km (14 mi) from Wazirabad to south Delhi, managed by the Uttar Pradesh (UP) government.<sup id="cite_ref-who1_35-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_Okhla_Barrage" title="New Okhla Barrage">New Okhla Barrage</a>, a new barrage, managed by the UP government.<sup id="cite_ref-who1_35-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-who1-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palla_barrage" title="Palla barrage">Palla barrage</a> downstream on "Delhi-Faridabad canal" in Haryana, managed by the Haryana government.</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gokul_barrage" title="Gokul barrage">Gokul barrage</a> (a.k.a. Mathura barrage) is at <a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a> in Uttar Pradesh, managed by the UP government.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Irrigation">Irrigation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Irrigation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg/200px-Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg/300px-Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg/400px-Agra_canal_headworks1871a.jpg 2x" data-file-width="697" data-file-height="485" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Agra_Canal" title="Agra Canal">Agra Canal</a> headworks at <a href="/wiki/Okhla" title="Okhla">Okhla</a> barrage, Delhi, 1871</figcaption></figure> <p>Use of the Yamuna's waters for irrigation in the <a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plains</a> is enhanced by its many canals, some dating to the 14th century <a href="/wiki/Tughlaq_dynasty" title="Tughlaq dynasty">Tughlaq dynasty</a>, which built the <i>Nahr-i-Bahisht</i> (Paradise) parallel to the river. The <i>Nahr-i-Bahisht</i> was restored and extended by the <a href="/wiki/Mughals" class="mw-redirect" title="Mughals">Mughals</a> in the first half of the 17th century, by engineer Ali Mardan Khan, starting from Benawas where the river enters the plains and terminating near the Mughal capital of <a href="/wiki/Shahjahanabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Shahjahanabad">Shahjahanabad</a>, the present city of Delhi.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Eastern_Yamuna_Canal">Eastern Yamuna Canal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Eastern Yamuna Canal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As the Yamuna enters the Northern Plains near <a href="/wiki/Dakpathar" title="Dakpathar">Dakpathar</a> at an elevation of 790 metres (2,590 ft), the Eastern Yamuna Canal commences at the <a href="/wiki/Dakpathar_Barrage" title="Dakpathar Barrage">Dakpathar Barrage</a> and pauses at the <a href="/wiki/Asan_Barrage" title="Asan Barrage">Asan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Hathnikund_Barrage" class="mw-redirect" title="Hathnikund Barrage">Hathnikund Barrages</a> before continuing south.<sup id="cite_ref-taje1_33-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-taje1-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Haberman2006_34-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haberman2006-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Western_Yamuna_Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Western Yamuna Canal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Western_Yamuna_Canal" title="Western Yamuna Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</a></div> <p>The Western Yamuna Canal (WYC) was built in 1335 CE by <a href="/wiki/Firuz_Shah_Tughlaq" title="Firuz Shah Tughlaq">Firuz Shah Tughlaq</a>. Excessive silting caused it to stop flowing <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1750</span>, when the <a href="/wiki/British_Raj" title="British Raj">British Raj</a> undertook a three-year renovation in 1817 by <a href="/wiki/Bengal_Engineer_Group" title="Bengal Engineer Group">Bengal Engineer Group</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Tajewala_Barrage" title="Tajewala Barrage">Tajewala Barrage</a> dam was built in 1832–33<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Words_to_watch#Relative_time_references" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Words to watch"><span title="Clarify the applicable timeframe so that it is unambiguous when read at a later date. (November 2018)">timeframe?</span></a></i>]</sup> to regulate the flow of water, and was replaced by the modern <a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a> in 1999.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The main canal is 86 kilometres (53 mi) long.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> When including its branches and many major and minor irrigation channels, it has a total length of 325 km (202 mi)<sup id="cite_ref-IW_38-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IW-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The WYC begins at the Hathni Kund Barrage about 38 km (24 mi) from Dakpathar and south of <a href="/wiki/Doon_Valley" title="Doon Valley">Doon Valley</a>. The canals irrigate vast tracts of land in the region in <a href="/wiki/Ambala_district" title="Ambala district">Ambala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sonipat_district" title="Sonipat district">Sonipat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rohtak_district" title="Rohtak district">Rohtak</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jind_district" title="Jind district">Jind</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hisar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani_district" title="Bhiwani district">Bhiwani districts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The major branch canals are: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agra_Canal" title="Agra Canal">Agra Canal</a>, built in 1874, which starts from the <a href="/wiki/Okhla" title="Okhla">Okhla</a> barrage beyond the Nizamuddin bridge, joining the Banganga river about 32 kilometres (20 mi) below <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a>. During the dry summer season, the stretch above Agra resembles a minor stream.<sup id="cite_ref-brit_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-brit-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munak_canal" title="Munak canal">Munak canal</a>, built in 1819<sup id="cite_ref-PC_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PC-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and renovated in 2008,<sup id="cite_ref-hindustantimes-09Apr16_40-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hindustantimes-09Apr16-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> originates at Munak in <a href="/wiki/Karnal_district" title="Karnal district">Karnal district</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jind_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jind-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and extends 22 km<sup id="cite_ref-hindustantimes-09Apr16_40-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hindustantimes-09Apr16-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to Delhi, carrying 20 m<sup>3</sup>/s (700 cu ft/s) of water.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Delhi Branch <ul><li>Bhalaut Branch, originating at Khubru village,<sup id="cite_ref-IW_38-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IW-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> flows through <a href="/wiki/Jhajjar_district" title="Jhajjar district">Jhajjar district</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Jhajjar Branch, flows through Jhajjar district.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Sirsa Branch, the largest branch of the WYC, constructed in 1889–1895.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It originates at <a href="/wiki/Indri" title="Indri">Indri</a> and meanders through <a href="/wiki/Jind_district" title="Jind district">Jind district</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fatehabad_district" title="Fatehabad district">Fatehabad district</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa district</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Jind Branch<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Bhiwani Branch, which meanders through <a href="/wiki/Bhiwani_district" title="Bhiwani district">Bhiwani district</a> and passes <a href="/wiki/Bidhwan" title="Bidhwan">Bidhwan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Barwala Branch</li></ul></li> <li>Hansi Branch, built in 1825<sup id="cite_ref-PC_39-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PC-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and remodelled in 1959.<sup id="cite_ref-PC_39-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PC-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It originates at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Munak,_India&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Munak, India (page does not exist)">Munak</a><sup id="cite_ref-Jind_41-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Jind-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and meanders through <a href="/wiki/Hansi" title="Hansi">Hansi</a> tehsil of <a href="/wiki/Hisar_district" title="Hisar district">Hisar district</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Butana Branch<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <ul><li>Sunder Branch, which passes <a href="/wiki/Kanwari" title="Kanwari">Kanwari</a> in Hisar district.</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Rohtak Branch<sup id="cite_ref-WYC_37-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-DB_42-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DB-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sutlej–Yamuna_Link_Canal"><span id="Sutlej.E2.80.93Yamuna_Link_Canal"></span>Sutlej–Yamuna Link Canal</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Sutlej–Yamuna Link Canal"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sutlej_Yamuna_link_canal" title="Sutlej Yamuna link canal">Sutlej Yamuna link canal</a></div> <p>A proposed heavy freight canal, the Sutlej–Yamuna Link (SYL), is being built westwards from near Yamuna's headwaters through the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab region">Punjab region</a> near an ancient caravan route and highlands pass to the navigable parts of the <a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a>–<a href="/wiki/Indus" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus">Indus</a> <a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">watershed</a>. This will connect the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a>, which flows to the east coast of the subcontinent, with points west (via Pakistan). When completed, the SYL will allow shipping from India's east coast to the west coast and the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a>, shortening important commercial links for north-central India's large population. The canal starts near Delhi, and is designed to transfer Haryana's share of 4.3 <a href="/wiki/Cubic_kilometre" class="mw-redirect" title="Cubic kilometre">km<sup>3</sup></a> (3,500,000 acre⋅ft) from the <a href="/wiki/Indus" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus">Indus</a> Basin.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="National_Waterway">National Waterway</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: National Waterway"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span class="anchor" id="National_Waterway_NW110"></span> </p><p>Yamuna is one of the <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Waterways_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Waterways in India">National Waterways of India</a>, designated as <a href="/wiki/List_of_National_Waterways_in_India" class="mw-redirect" title="List of National Waterways in India">NW110</a> in Haryana, Delhi and Uttar Pradesh. Some of its sections are being developed for navigation:<sup id="cite_ref-timesofindia-06Apr16_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-06Apr16-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hindustantimes-01Feb17_44-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hindustantimes-01Feb17-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Delhi–Faridabad (<a href="/wiki/Wazirabad_barrage" title="Wazirabad barrage">Wazirabad barrage</a> to <a href="/wiki/Palla_barrage" title="Palla barrage">Palla barrage</a>, via <a href="/wiki/ITO_barrage" title="ITO barrage">ITO barrage</a>), is being developed for passenger and cargo ferry service.<sup id="cite_ref-timesofindia-06Apr16_43-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-timesofindia-06Apr16-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Delhi–Agra (<a href="/wiki/Okhla_barrage" title="Okhla barrage">Okhla barrage</a> to <a href="/wiki/Agra_Canal" title="Agra Canal">Agra Canal</a>), is planned for steamer service by the end of June 2017 with the help of the Netherlands.<sup id="cite_ref-hindustantimes-01Feb17_44-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hindustantimes-01Feb17-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (November 2018)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Religious_significance">Religious significance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Religious significance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamuna,_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna,_IX_sec.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Yamuna%2C_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna%2C_IX_sec.JPG/220px-Yamuna%2C_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna%2C_IX_sec.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="381" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Yamuna%2C_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna%2C_IX_sec.JPG/330px-Yamuna%2C_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna%2C_IX_sec.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Yamuna%2C_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna%2C_IX_sec.JPG/440px-Yamuna%2C_personificazione_del_fiume_sacro_yamuna%2C_IX_sec.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1352" data-file-height="2340" /></a><figcaption>The goddess Yamuna</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Purifying_waters">Purifying waters</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Purifying waters"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism" title="Yamuna in Hinduism">Yamuna in Hinduism</a></div> <p>Like the Ganges, the Yamuna River is highly venerated in Hinduism in the form of a river and as the goddess Yamuna. The Yamuna is considered a river of heaven. The <a href="/wiki/Rigveda" title="Rigveda">Rig Veda</a> includes the Yamuna River as one of the seven sacred rivers, along with the Ganges.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to Hindu mythology, the River was brought to Earth by the ascetic practice of the <a href="/wiki/Saptarishi" class="mw-redirect" title="Saptarishi">Seven Sages</a> where she first descended on Mount Kalinda. Therefore, Yamuna is also known as Kalindi.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_45-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Padma_Purana" title="Padma Purana">Padma Purana</a> describes Yamuna's purifying properties and states that her waters cleanse the mind from sin. It also mentions that bathing in her sacred waters frees one from the torments of death.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Art from the <a href="/wiki/Gupta_Empire" title="Gupta Empire">Gupta period</a> depict Yamuna and <a href="/wiki/Ganga_(goddess)" title="Ganga (goddess)">Ganga</a> on the entrances and doorjambs of temples and sacred places. Upon passing through these doors, visitors were symbolically purified by these rivers.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some religious figures (notably pilgrim priests of <a href="/wiki/Mathura" title="Mathura">Mathura</a> and <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a>) do not regard the physical pollution of the Yamuna to have any effect on the river's spiritual purity. The Braj region is where the worship of the Yamuna and its pollution is most pronounced. However, more and more Hindus no longer ritually bathe in the Yamuna, drink its water, or use its water for worship. In Vrindavan's holy shrines, <a href="/wiki/Bottled_water" title="Bottled water">bottled water</a> is used instead.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Goddess_personified">Goddess personified</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Goddess personified"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In her human form, Yamuna is the daughter of <a href="/wiki/Surya" title="Surya">Surya</a>, the sun god, and his wife <a href="/wiki/Saranyu" class="mw-redirect" title="Saranyu">Saranyu</a>. She is the twin sister of <a href="/wiki/Yama_(Hinduism)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yama (Hinduism)">Yama</a>, the god of death, and is also known as Yami.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Agni_Purana" title="Agni Purana">Agni Purana</a> describes Yamuna as having a dark complexion, mounted on a turtle, and holding a pot in her hand.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Devotion">Devotion</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Devotion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Yamuna, as a river and goddess, has a close association with <a href="/wiki/Krishna" title="Krishna">Krishna</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Puranas" title="Puranas">Puranas</a> narrate many stories about Krishna in relation to the river and its surroundings. One such story is of <i>Kaliya Daman</i>, the subduing of <a href="/wiki/Kaliya" title="Kaliya">Kaliya</a>, a <i><a href="/wiki/Naga_(mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Naga (mythology)">Nāga</a></i> which had inhabited the river and terrorised the people of <a href="/wiki/Braja" class="mw-redirect" title="Braja">Braja</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to Krishna's connection with the River and the Braja region, the Yamuna River is a center of pilgrimage for his devotees. In the <a href="/wiki/Pushtimarg" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushtimarg">Pushti Marga</a>, founded by Vallabhacharya and in which Krishna is the main deity, Yamuna is worshipped as a goddess.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_46-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Yamunashtakam</i> is a 16th-century <a href="/wiki/Sanskrit" title="Sanskrit">Sanskrit</a> hymn composed by <a href="/wiki/Vallabhacharya" class="mw-redirect" title="Vallabhacharya">Vallabhacharya</a> which describes the story of Yamuna's descent to meet her beloved Krishna and to purify the world. The hymn also praises her for being the source of all spiritual abilities. And while the Ganges is considered an epitome of asceticism and higher knowledge and can grant <i><a href="/wiki/Moksha" title="Moksha">Moksha</a></i> or <a href="/wiki/Liberty" title="Liberty">liberation</a>, it is Yamuna, who, being a holder of infinite love and compassion, can grant freedom, even from death, the realm of her elder brother. Vallabhacharya writes that she rushes down the Kalinda Mountain, and describes her as the daughter of Kalinda, giving her the name <i>Kalindi</i>, the backdrop of Krishna Leela. The text also talks about her water being the colour of Lord Krishna, which is dark (Shyam).<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The river is referred to as <a href="/wiki/Rishi_Asita" title="Rishi Asita">Asita</a> in some historical texts.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Shlokas_on_Yamuna">Shlokas on Yamuna</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Shlokas on Yamuna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Numerous <a href="/wiki/Hindu_texts" title="Hindu texts">Hindu texts</a> have <a href="/wiki/Shloka" title="Shloka">shlokas</a> (hymns) on Yamuna as follows: </p> <ul><li>"One should not give up the process of austerity. If possible, one should bathe in the water of the Yamuna. This is an item of austerity. Therefore, our Krishna consciousness movement has established a center in Vrindavana so that one may bathe in the Yamuna, chant the Hare Krishna mantra and then become perfect and return back to Godhead." (Srimad Bhagavatam 6.5.28 purport)<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fauna">Fauna</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Fauna"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Yamuna from the source to its culmination in Ganges is a habitat for fish for approximately 1,400 km (870 mi) stretch and supports a rich diversity of species. Fish from the family <a href="/wiki/Cyprinidae" title="Cyprinidae">Cyprinidae</a> dominate the variety of fish species found in the river. This includes Indian <a href="/wiki/Carp" title="Carp">carp</a> and also invasive species from the family. In a study, 93 species of fish were found in the river including <a href="/wiki/Catfish" title="Catfish">catfish</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Species of non-native <a href="/wiki/Tilapia" title="Tilapia">Tilapia</a> have become established in the river. They have been implicated in the decline of the <a href="/wiki/Ghariyal" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghariyal">Ghariyal</a> (Indian crocodile) population in the river.<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Large turtles used to be a common sight on the river a few decades ago but they have mostly disappeared.<sup id="cite_ref-Haberman2006b_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Haberman2006b-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pollution">Pollution</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Pollution"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg/250px-Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg/375px-Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg/500px-Yamuna_river_near_the_Himalayas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="960" /></a><figcaption>The Yamuna near the Himalayas, just as it reaches the plains, beyond <a href="/wiki/Dehradun" title="Dehradun">Dehradun</a> in Uttarakhand</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1909, the waters of the Yamuna were distinguishable as clear blue, when compared to the silt-laden yellow of the Ganges.<sup id="cite_ref-imp_60-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-imp-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, due to high-density population growth and fast industrialisation, Yamuna has become one of the most polluted rivers in the world.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Yamuna is particularly polluted downstream of New Delhi, the capital of India, which dumps about 58% of its waste into the river. A 2016 study shows that there is 100% <a href="/wiki/Urban_metabolism" title="Urban metabolism">urban metabolism</a> of River Yamuna as it passes through the National Capital Territory (NCT) of Delhi.<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The most pollution comes from Wazirabad, from where Yamuna enters Delhi.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November of 2024, a video went viral in which women were depicted bathing in foam that had emerged in the river. Although it appeared similar to that resulting from cosmetic products such as soap or shampoo, experts determined that the foam was caused by heavy pollution, and was therefore hazardous. Local authorities instructed residents not to bathe in the river for health concerns.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Causes">Causes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Causes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Wazirabad_barrage" title="Wazirabad barrage">Wazirabad barrage</a> to the <a href="/wiki/New_Okhla_Barrage" title="New Okhla Barrage">New Okhla Barrage</a> segment, "22 km stretch of Yamuna in Delhi, is less than 2% of Yamuna's total length but accounts for nearly 80% of the total pollution in the river",<sup id="cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newindianexpress-27Jul21-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 22 out of 35 sewage treatment plants in Delhi do not meet the wastewater standards prescribed by the Delhi Pollution Control Committee (DPCC), thus untreated wastewater and poor quality of water discharged from the wastewater treatment plants are the major reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newindianexpress-27Jul21-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2019, the river receives 800 million litres of largely untreated sewage and additional 44 million litres of industrial effluents each day, of which only 35 percent of the sewage released into the river are believed to be treated.<sup id="cite_ref-sustainability-times_65-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sustainability-times-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1994, the states of Uttarakhand, Himachal Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan and Delhi made a water sharing agreement that is due for revision in 2025. To achieve a water quality suitable for bathing (<a href="/wiki/Biochemical_oxygen_demand" title="Biochemical oxygen demand">BOD</a><3 mg/L and <a href="/wiki/Oxygen_saturation#DO" title="Oxygen saturation">DO</a>>5 mg/L) would require a greater rate of water flow in the river. A study has recommended that 23 cubic metres (23,000 L; 5,100 imp gal) per second of water should be released from <a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a> during the lean season to provide a minimum <a href="/wiki/Environmental_flow" title="Environmental flow">environmental flow</a> in the Yamuna.<sup id="cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-newindianexpress-27Jul21-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The last barrage across the Yamuna river is the <a href="/wiki/Mathura_barrage" class="mw-redirect" title="Mathura barrage">Mathura barrage</a> at <a href="/wiki/Gokul" title="Gokul">Gokul</a> to supply its drinking water. Downstream of this barrage, many pumping stations are constructed to feed the river water for irrigation needs.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These pumping stations are near Pateora Danda <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_55_09_N_80_13_27_E_type:landmark_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°55′09″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°13′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.91917°N 80.22417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.91917; 80.22417</span></span></span></a></span></span>, Samgara <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_41_13_N_80_46_27_E_type:landmark_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°41′13″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°46′27″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.68694°N 80.77417°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.68694; 80.77417</span></span></span></a></span></span>, Ainjhi <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_43_35_N_80_49_33_E_type:landmark_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°43′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">80°49′33″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.72639°N 80.82583°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.72639; 80.82583</span></span></span></a></span></span>, Bilas Khadar <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_31_35_N_81_02_43_E_type:landmark_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°31′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°02′43″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.52639°N 81.04528°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.52639; 81.04528</span></span></span></a></span></span>, and Samari <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yamuna&params=25_27_19_N_81_11_43_E_type:landmark_region:IN-UP"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">25°27′19″N</span> <span class="longitude">81°11′43″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">25.45528°N 81.19528°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">25.45528; 81.19528</span></span></span></a></span></span>. Depletion of the <a href="/wiki/Baseflow" title="Baseflow">base flows</a> available in the river during the non-monsoon months by these pump houses is exacerbating river pollution from Mathura to Prayagraj in the absence of adequate fresh water to dilute the polluted drainage from habitations and industries.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cleanup_efforts">Cleanup efforts</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Cleanup efforts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>To address river pollution, measures have been taken by the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Environment,_Forest_and_Climate_Change" title="Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change">Ministry of Environment and Forests</a> (MoEF) in 12 towns of Haryana, 8 towns of Uttar Pradesh, and Delhi, under the <a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Action_Plan" title="Yamuna Action Plan">Yamuna Action Plan</a> (YAP) which has been implemented since 1993 by the MoEF's National River Conservation Directorate (NRCD). The Japan Bank for International Cooperation is participating in the YAP in 15 of the towns (excluding 6 towns of <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a> included later on the direction of the <a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_India" title="Supreme Court of India">Supreme Court of India</a>) with soft loan assistance of 17.773 billion <a href="/wiki/Japanese_yen" title="Japanese yen">Japanese yen</a> (equivalent to about <span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>700 crore [7 billion rupees]) while the government of India is providing the funds for the remaining 6 towns. In 2007, the Indian government's plans to repair sewage lines were predicted to improve the water quality of the river 90% by 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (November 2018)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>Under the YAP- III scheme, a new sewage treatment plant is being built at the largest such facility in India by the Delhi Jal Board (DJB). The plant is predicted to be able to treat 124 million gallons of wastewater per day, amounting to a daily removal of 41,200 kg (90,800 lb) of organic pollutants as well as 61,600 kg (135,800 lb) of solids.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In August 2009, the Delhi Jal Board (DJB) initiated its plan for resuscitating the Yamuna's 22-kilometre (14 mi) stretch in Delhi by constructing interceptor sewers, at the cost of about <span style="white-space: nowrap">₹</span>1,800 crore (18 billion rupees).<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 25 April 2014, the <a href="/wiki/National_Green_Tribunal_Act" class="mw-redirect" title="National Green Tribunal Act">National Green Tribunal Act</a> (NGA) recommended the government to declare a 52-kilometre (32 mi) stretch of the Yamuna in Delhi and Uttar Pradesh as a conservation zone. A report prepared by the Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) panel was submitted to the NGA on the same day.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The High Court in the northern Indian state of Uttarakhand ordered in March 2017 that the Ganges and its main tributary, the Yamuna, be assigned the status of legal entities, making the rivers "legal and living entities having the status of a legal person with all corresponding rights, duties and liabilities".<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian-21Mar17_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-21Mar17-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This decision meant that polluting or damaging the rivers is equivalent to harming a person. The court cited the example of the New Zealand <a href="/wiki/Whanganui_River" title="Whanganui River">Whanganui River</a>, which was also declared to possess full rights of a legal person.<sup id="cite_ref-Guardian-21Mar17_73-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Guardian-21Mar17-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 203.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 201.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:YamunaRiver.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Yamuna, seen from the Taj Mahal at Agra in Uttar Pradesh"><img alt="The Yamuna, seen from the Taj Mahal at Agra in Uttar Pradesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/YamunaRiver.jpg/302px-YamunaRiver.jpg" decoding="async" width="202" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/YamunaRiver.jpg/453px-YamunaRiver.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/YamunaRiver.jpg/603px-YamunaRiver.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="853" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Yamuna, seen from the <a href="/wiki/Taj_Mahal" title="Taj Mahal">Taj Mahal</a> at <a href="/wiki/Agra" title="Agra">Agra</a> in Uttar Pradesh</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 189.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 187.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Madan_Mohan_temple,_on_the_Yamuna,_Vrindavan,_1789.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madan Mohan temple, on the Yamuna at Vrindavan in Uttar Pradesh, 1789; the river has since shifted further away"><img alt="Madan Mohan temple, on the Yamuna at Vrindavan in Uttar Pradesh, 1789; the river has since shifted further away" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Madan_Mohan_temple%2C_on_the_Yamuna%2C_Vrindavan%2C_1789.jpg/281px-Madan_Mohan_temple%2C_on_the_Yamuna%2C_Vrindavan%2C_1789.jpg" decoding="async" width="188" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Madan_Mohan_temple%2C_on_the_Yamuna%2C_Vrindavan%2C_1789.jpg/422px-Madan_Mohan_temple%2C_on_the_Yamuna%2C_Vrindavan%2C_1789.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/Madan_Mohan_temple%2C_on_the_Yamuna%2C_Vrindavan%2C_1789.jpg/562px-Madan_Mohan_temple%2C_on_the_Yamuna%2C_Vrindavan%2C_1789.jpg 2x" data-file-width="898" data-file-height="643" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Madan Mohan temple, on the Yamuna at <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a> in Uttar Pradesh, 1789; the river has since shifted further away</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 102.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 100.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="'Keshi Ghat' on the Yamuna at Vrindavan in Uttar Pradesh"><img alt="'Keshi Ghat' on the Yamuna at Vrindavan in Uttar Pradesh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG/151px-Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG" decoding="async" width="101" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG/226px-Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/17/Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG/301px-Keshighat_Vrindavan.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1728" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">'Keshi Ghat' on the Yamuna at <a href="/wiki/Vrindavan" title="Vrindavan">Vrindavan</a> in Uttar Pradesh</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Yamuna near Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, just a few kilometres before it meets the Ganges"><img alt="The Yamuna near Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, just a few kilometres before it meets the Ganges" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg/268px-Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg/403px-Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ce/Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg/536px-Yamuna_River_Near_Allahabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Yamuna near Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, just a few kilometres before it meets the <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamuna_river,_Allahabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Yamuna near Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, during the monsoon"><img alt="The Yamuna near Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, during the monsoon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Yamuna_river%2C_Allahabad.jpg/358px-Yamuna_river%2C_Allahabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="239" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Yamuna_river%2C_Allahabad.jpg/537px-Yamuna_river%2C_Allahabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Yamuna_river%2C_Allahabad.jpg/715px-Yamuna_river%2C_Allahabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1440" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Yamuna near Prayagraj in Uttar Pradesh, during the monsoon</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Yamuna from Okhla Sanctuary"><img alt="View of Yamuna from Okhla Sanctuary" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg/268px-View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg/403px-View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg/536px-View_of_yamuna_from_okhla_bird_sanctuary.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of Yamuna from <a href="/wiki/Okhla_Sanctuary" title="Okhla Sanctuary">Okhla Sanctuary</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yamuna_(Kesi_Ghata).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="View of Yamuna from Kesi Ghata"><img alt="View of Yamuna from Kesi Ghata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Yamuna_%28Kesi_Ghata%29.jpg/268px-Yamuna_%28Kesi_Ghata%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Yamuna_%28Kesi_Ghata%29.jpg/403px-Yamuna_%28Kesi_Ghata%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Yamuna_%28Kesi_Ghata%29.jpg/536px-Yamuna_%28Kesi_Ghata%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">View of Yamuna from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kesi_Ghata&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kesi Ghata (page does not exist)">Kesi Ghata</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 240.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 238.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Yamuna view from Hathni Kund Barrage"><img alt="The Yamuna view from Hathni Kund Barrage" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg/358px-Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg" decoding="async" width="239" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg/537px-Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg/715px-Hanthnikund_Barrage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3328" data-file-height="1872" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The Yamuna view from <a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund_Barrage" title="Hathni Kund Barrage">Hathni Kund Barrage</a></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_personhood" title="Environmental personhood">Environmental personhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_India" title="List of rivers of India">List of rivers of India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Jamuna_Canal_Link" title="Western Jamuna Canal Link">Western Jamuna Canal Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna_in_Hinduism" title="Yamuna in Hinduism">Yamuna in Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Pushkaram" title="Yamuna Pushkaram">Yamuna Pushkaram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamuna_Pushta" title="Yamuna Pushta">Yamuna Pushta</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output 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center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation map cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/maps/place/31°00'36.0%22N+78°27'00.0%22E/@31.0312412,78.4529623,14z/data=!4m5!3m4!1s0x0:0x73758ef7a9f03cbc!8m2!3d31.01!4d78.45!5m1!1e4?hl=en">"Yamuna"</a> (Map). <i><a href="/wiki/Google_Maps" title="Google Maps">Google Maps</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Google+Maps&rft.atitle=Yamuna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2Fmaps%2Fplace%2F31%C2%B000%2736.0%2522N%2B78%C2%B027%2700.0%2522E%2F%4031.0312412%2C78.4529623%2C14z%2Fdata%3D%214m5%213m4%211s0x0%3A0x73758ef7a9f03cbc%218m2%213d31.01%214d78.45%215m1%211e4%3Fhl%3Den&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span><span class="error"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JainAgarwal2007-341-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JainAgarwal2007-341_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJainAgarwalSingh2007" class="citation book cs1">Jain, Sharad K.; Agarwal, Pushpendra K.; Singh, Vijay P. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=PA341"><i>Hydrology and water resources of India</i></a>. Springer. p. 341. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2007hwri.book.....J">2007hwri.book.....J</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-5179-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-5179-1"><bdi>978-1-4020-5179-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061108/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&pg=PA341#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hydrology+and+water+resources+of+India&rft.pages=341&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2007hwri.book.....J&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-5179-1&rft.aulast=Jain&rft.aufirst=Sharad+K.&rft.au=Agarwal%2C+Pushpendra+K.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZKs1gBhJSWIC%26pg%3DPA341&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hy-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hy_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJainAgarwalSingh2007" class="citation book cs1">Jain, Sharad K.; Agarwal, Pushpendra K.; Singh, Vijay P. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=RA1-PA345"><i>Hydrology and water resources of India—Volume 57 of Water science and technology library</i></a>. Springer. pp. 344–354. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-5179-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4020-5179-1"><bdi>978-1-4020-5179-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061108/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=RA1-PA345#v=snippet&q=Yamuna%20River&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hydrology+and+water+resources+of+India%E2%80%94Volume+57+of+Water+science+and+technology+library&rft.pages=344-354&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=978-1-4020-5179-1&rft.aulast=Jain&rft.aufirst=Sharad+K.&rft.au=Agarwal%2C+Pushpendra+K.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZKs1gBhJSWIC%26q%3DYamuna%2BRiver%26pg%3DRA1-PA345&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-brit-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-brit_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_4-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-brit_4-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHoiberg2000" class="citation book cs1">Hoiberg, Dale (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DPP7O3nb3g0C&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA290"><i>Students' Britannica India, Volumes 1-5</i></a>. Popular Prakashan. pp. 290–291. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-85229-760-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-85229-760-2"><bdi>0-85229-760-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061215/https://books.google.com/books?id=DPP7O3nb3g0C&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA290">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Students%27+Britannica+India%2C+Volumes+1-5&rft.pages=290-291&rft.pub=Popular+Prakashan&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-85229-760-2&rft.aulast=Hoiberg&rft.aufirst=Dale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDPP7O3nb3g0C%26q%3DYamuna%2BRiver%26pg%3DPA290&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nowater1-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nowater1_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma2007" class="citation news cs1">Sharma, Vibha (18 November 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071118/spectrum/main1.htm">"And filthy flows the Yamuna"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tribune_(Chandigarh)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Tribune (Chandigarh)">The Tribune (Chandigarh)</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221218084938/https://www.tribuneindia.com/2007/20071118/spectrum/main1.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 18 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Tribune+%28Chandigarh%29&rft.atitle=And+filthy+flows+the+Yamuna&rft.date=2007-11-18&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Vibha&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tribuneindia.com%2F2007%2F20071118%2Fspectrum%2Fmain1.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-okhla5-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-okhla5_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">2015, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=8123020066">INDIA 2015</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061203/https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=isbn:8123020066">Archived</a> 23 September 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, New Media Wing.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-newindianexpress-27Jul21-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-newindianexpress-27Jul21_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/delhi/2021/jul/27/yamuna-not-fit-for-bathing-says-govt-report-2336014.html">"Yamuna not fit for bathing, says govt report"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_Indian_Express" title="The New Indian Express">The New Indian Express</a></i>. 27 July 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210727050823/https://www.newindianexpress.com/cities/delhi/2021/jul/27/yamuna-not-fit-for-bathing-says-govt-report-2336014.html">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Yamuna+not+fit+for+bathing%2C+says+govt+report&rft.date=2021-07-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newindianexpress.com%2Fcities%2Fdelhi%2F2021%2Fjul%2F27%2Fyamuna-not-fit-for-bathing-says-govt-report-2336014.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sarsuti1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sarsuti1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sarsuti1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgwb.gov.in/Ground-Water/Final%20print%20version_Palaeochannel%20Expert%20Committee_15thOct2016.pdf">PALAEOCHANNELS OF NORTH WEST INDIA</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171215134925/http://cgwb.gov.in/Ground-Water/Final%20print%20version_Palaeochannel%20Expert%20Committee_15thOct2016.pdf">Archived</a> 15 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Central Ground Water Board, last page of prefce.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-utt-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-utt_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uttarkashi.nic.in/aboutDistt/Temple.htm">Yamunotri Temple</a> <a href="/wiki/Uttarkashi_district" title="Uttarkashi district">Uttarkashi district</a> website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090731232226/http://uttarkashi.nic.in/aboutDistt/Temple.htm">Archived</a> 31 July 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNandKumar1989" class="citation book cs1">Nand, Nitya; Kumar, Kamlesh (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wmNGKpcE83cC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA49"><i>The holy Himalaya: a geographical interpretation of Garhwal – Yamuna Drainage System</i></a>. Daya Books. p. 49. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-7035-055-7" title="Special:BookSources/81-7035-055-7"><bdi>81-7035-055-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061109/https://books.google.com/books?id=wmNGKpcE83cC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA49">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+holy+Himalaya%3A+a+geographical+interpretation+of+Garhwal+%E2%80%93+Yamuna+Drainage+System&rft.pages=49&rft.pub=Daya+Books&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=81-7035-055-7&rft.aulast=Nand&rft.aufirst=Nitya&rft.au=Kumar%2C+Kamlesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwmNGKpcE83cC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.webindia123.com/himachal/land/rivers.htm">"Rivers of Himachal Pradesh"</a>. <i>Webindia123.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110629145422/http://www.webindia123.com/himachal/land/rivers.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 29 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Webindia123.com&rft.atitle=Rivers+of+Himachal+Pradesh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.webindia123.com%2Fhimachal%2Fland%2Frivers.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma2006" class="citation book cs1">Sharma, Deo Prakash (2006). <i>Archaeology of Lower Ganga-Yamuna Doab (circa 1200 B.C. to 1200 A.D.)</i>. Bharatiya Kala Prakashan. pp. 10, 214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-8090-033-9" title="Special:BookSources/81-8090-033-9"><bdi>81-8090-033-9</bdi></a>. <q><span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"<a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> word, from <i>Do-Ab</i>, literally meaning 'two rivers', or land between two rivers".</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Archaeology+of+Lower+Ganga-Yamuna+Doab+%28circa+1200+B.C.+to+1200+A.D.%29&rft.pages=10%2C+214&rft.pub=Bharatiya+Kala+Prakashan&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=81-8090-033-9&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=Deo+Prakash&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071230102815/http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,798222,00.html">At the Three Rivers</a> <i>TIME</i>, 23 February 1948.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180413044710/http://www.rainwaterharvesting.org/crisis/River-yamuna.htm">"State of River Yamuna"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rainwaterharvesting.org/crisis/River-yamuna.htm">the original</a> on 13 April 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=State+of+River+Yamuna&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rainwaterharvesting.org%2Fcrisis%2FRiver-yamuna.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_15-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharad_K.Pushpendra_K.Vijay_P.2007" class="citation book cs1">Sharad K., Jain; Pushpendra K., Agarwal; Vijay P., Singh (16 May 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&q=Tons+River%2C+Yamuna%27s+largest+tributary&pg=PA349"><i>Hydrology and Water Resources of India Volume 57 of Water Science and Technology Library</i></a>. Springer Science & Business Media, 2007. pp. 349–351. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781402051807" title="Special:BookSources/9781402051807"><bdi>9781402051807</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061215/https://books.google.com/books?id=ZKs1gBhJSWIC&q=Tons+River%2C+Yamuna%27s+largest+tributary&pg=PA349#v=snippet&q=Tons%20River%2C%20Yamuna's%20largest%20tributary&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hydrology+and+Water+Resources+of+India+Volume+57+of+Water+Science+and+Technology+Library&rft.pages=349-351&rft.pub=Springer+Science+%26+Business+Media%2C+2007&rft.date=2007-05-16&rft.isbn=9781402051807&rft.aulast=Sharad+K.&rft.aufirst=Jain&rft.au=Pushpendra+K.%2C+Agarwal&rft.au=Vijay+P.%2C+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DZKs1gBhJSWIC%26q%3DTons%2BRiver%252C%2BYamuna%2527s%2Blargest%2Btributary%26pg%3DPA349&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_16-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRaiUpadhyayOjhaSingh2011" class="citation book cs1">Rai, Raveendra Kumar; Upadhyay, Alka; Ojha, C. Shekhar P.; Singh, Vijay P. (25 November 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=wNivbEPTAfMC&dq=ken+river&pg=PA115"><i>The Yamuna River Basin: Water Resources and Environment</i></a>. Springer Science. pp. 114–115. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-94-007-2001-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-94-007-2001-5"><bdi>978-94-007-2001-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061109/https://books.google.com/books?id=wNivbEPTAfMC&dq=ken+river&pg=PA115#v=onepage&q=ken%20river&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Yamuna+River+Basin%3A+Water+Resources+and+Environment&rft.pages=114-115&rft.pub=Springer+Science&rft.date=2011-11-25&rft.isbn=978-94-007-2001-5&rft.aulast=Rai&rft.aufirst=Raveendra+Kumar&rft.au=Upadhyay%2C+Alka&rft.au=Ojha%2C+C.+Shekhar+P.&rft.au=Singh%2C+Vijay+P.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DwNivbEPTAfMC%26dq%3Dken%2Briver%26pg%3DPA115&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ved1-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ved1_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ved1_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMacDonellKeith1995" class="citation book cs1">MacDonell, Arthur Anthony; Keith, Arthur Berriedale (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=U5GaKHfNzScC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA186"><i>Vedic Index of Names and Subjects (V-208-1333-2)</i></a>. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. p. 186. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9788120813335" title="Special:BookSources/9788120813335"><bdi>9788120813335</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061109/https://books.google.com/books?id=U5GaKHfNzScC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA186#v=snippet&q=Yamuna%20River&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vedic+Index+of+Names+and+Subjects+%28V-208-1333-2%29&rft.pages=186&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publishers&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=9788120813335&rft.aulast=MacDonell&rft.aufirst=Arthur+Anthony&rft.au=Keith%2C+Arthur+Berriedale&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DU5GaKHfNzScC%26q%3DYamuna%2BRiver%26pg%3DPA186&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGary2008" class="citation book cs1">Gary, Chamberlain (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oAHhdczi9CcC&q=story+of+the+Yamuna+describes+her+%22excessive+love%22+for+her+twin%2C+Yama%2C&pg=PA18"><i>Troubled Waters: Religion, Ethics, and the Global Water Crisis</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield, 2008. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780742552456" title="Special:BookSources/9780742552456"><bdi>9780742552456</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061610/https://books.google.com/books?id=oAHhdczi9CcC&q=story+of+the+Yamuna+describes+her+%22excessive+love%22+for+her+twin%2C+Yama%2C&pg=PA18#v=snippet&q=story%20of%20the%20Yamuna%20describes%20her%20%22excessive%20love%22%20for%20her%20twin%2C%20Yama%2C&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Troubled+Waters%3A+Religion%2C+Ethics%2C+and+the+Global+Water+Crisis&rft.pages=18&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield%2C+2008&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=9780742552456&rft.aulast=Gary&rft.aufirst=Chamberlain&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DoAHhdczi9CcC%26q%3Dstory%2Bof%2Bthe%2BYamuna%2Bdescribes%2Bher%2B%2522excessive%2Blove%2522%2Bfor%2Bher%2Btwin%252C%2BYama%252C%26pg%3DPA18&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDahlaquist1996" class="citation book cs1">Dahlaquist, Allan (1996). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=xp35-8gTRDkC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA130"><i>Megasthenes and Indian Religion- Volume 11 of History and Culture Series</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Motilal_Banarsidass" title="Motilal Banarsidass">Motilal Banarsidass</a> Publ. p. 386. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-208-1323-5" title="Special:BookSources/81-208-1323-5"><bdi>81-208-1323-5</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061711/https://books.google.com/books?id=xp35-8gTRDkC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA130#v=snippet&q=Yamuna&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Megasthenes+and+Indian+Religion-+Volume+11+of+History+and+Culture+Series&rft.pages=386&rft.pub=Motilal+Banarsidass+Publ.&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=81-208-1323-5&rft.aulast=Dahlaquist&rft.aufirst=Allan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dxp35-8gTRDkC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA130&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGhosh1991" class="citation book cs1">Ghosh, A. (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Wba-EZhZcfgC&q=yamuna+ghaggar+tributary&pg=PA214"><i>Encyclopedia of Indian Archaeology</i></a>. BRILL. p. 214. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/90-04-09264-1" title="Special:BookSources/90-04-09264-1"><bdi>90-04-09264-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Indian+Archaeology&rft.pages=214&rft.pub=BRILL&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=90-04-09264-1&rft.aulast=Ghosh&rft.aufirst=A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DWba-EZhZcfgC%26q%3Dyamuna%2Bghaggar%2Btributary%26pg%3DPA214&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFeuersteinKakFrawley2001" class="citation book cs1">Feuerstein, Georg; Kak, Subhash; Frawley, David (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Ermk_FmwcS4C&q=Yamuna&pg=PA89"><i>In Search of the Cradle of Civilization</i></a>. Quest Books. p. 89. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8356-0741-0" title="Special:BookSources/0-8356-0741-0"><bdi>0-8356-0741-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221215172624/https://books.google.com/books?id=Ermk_FmwcS4C&q=Yamuna&pg=PA89">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=In+Search+of+the+Cradle+of+Civilization&rft.pages=89&rft.pub=Quest+Books&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=0-8356-0741-0&rft.aulast=Feuerstein&rft.aufirst=Georg&rft.au=Kak%2C+Subhash&rft.au=Frawley%2C+David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DErmk_FmwcS4C%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA89&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFrawley2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/David_Frawley" title="David Frawley">Frawley, David</a> (2000). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DM58BhuR2KwC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA108"><i>Gods, Sages and Kings: Vedic Secrets of Ancient Civilization</i></a>. Lotus Press. p. 95. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-910261-37-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-910261-37-7"><bdi>0-910261-37-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Gods%2C+Sages+and+Kings%3A+Vedic+Secrets+of+Ancient+Civilization&rft.pages=95&rft.pub=Lotus+Press&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-910261-37-7&rft.aulast=Frawley&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDM58BhuR2KwC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA108&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Clift et al. 2012. "U-Pb zircon dating evidence for a Pleistocene Sarasvati River and capture of the Yamuna River." Geology, v. 40. <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://geology.gsapubs.org/content/early/2012/01/23/G32840.1.abstract">[1]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130602054859/http://geology.gsapubs.org/content/early/2012/01/23/G32840.1.abstract">Archived</a> 2 June 2013 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavis1999" class="citation book cs1">Davis, Richard H. (1999). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5OGFrDcLbogC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA75"><i>Lives of Indian images</i></a>. Princeton University Press. pp. 74–76. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-691-00520-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-691-00520-6"><bdi>0-691-00520-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061611/https://books.google.com/books?id=5OGFrDcLbogC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA75#v=snippet&q=Yamuna%20River&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lives+of+Indian+images&rft.pages=74-76&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=0-691-00520-6&rft.aulast=Davis&rft.aufirst=Richard+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5OGFrDcLbogC%26q%3DYamuna%2BRiver%26pg%3DPA75&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uyrb.nic.in/">Upper Yamuna River Board</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100117191330/http://uyrb.nic.in/">Archived</a> 17 January 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Official website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRao1979" class="citation book cs1">Rao, K.L. (1979). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DZNrXuA2y3MC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA163"><i>India's Water Wealth – Flood Forecasting system of Yamuna</i></a>. Orient Blackswan. p. 163. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-250-0704-0" title="Special:BookSources/81-250-0704-0"><bdi>81-250-0704-0</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061612/https://books.google.com/books?id=DZNrXuA2y3MC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA163#v=snippet&q=Yamuna&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India%27s+Water+Wealth+%E2%80%93+Flood+Forecasting+system+of+Yamuna&rft.pages=163&rft.pub=Orient+Blackswan&rft.date=1979&rft.isbn=81-250-0704-0&rft.aulast=Rao&rft.aufirst=K.L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDZNrXuA2y3MC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA163&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNegi1991" class="citation book cs1">Negi, Sharad Singh (1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=5YtUShKY8zcC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA142"><i>Himalayan rivers, lakes, and glaciers</i></a>. Indus Publishing. pp. 141–142. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/81-85182-61-2" title="Special:BookSources/81-85182-61-2"><bdi>81-85182-61-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221215172618/https://books.google.com/books?id=5YtUShKY8zcC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA142">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Himalayan+rivers%2C+lakes%2C+and+glaciers&rft.pages=141-142&rft.pub=Indus+Publishing&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=81-85182-61-2&rft.aulast=Negi&rft.aufirst=Sharad+Singh&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D5YtUShKY8zcC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA142&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100824191017/http://mowr.gov.in/searchdetail.asp?lid=357&skey=yamuna&langid=1">Flood Forecasting Network in India</a> <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_Water_Resources,_River_Development_and_Ganga_Rejuvenation" title="Ministry of Water Resources, River Development and Ganga Rejuvenation">Ministry of Water Resources</a> website.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-all1-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-all1_29-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bharati Chaturvedi, 2010, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0670084832">Finding Delhi: Loss and Renewal in the Megacity</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061613/https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=isbn:0670084832">Archived</a> 23 September 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-rg1-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-rg1_30-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.rgplan.org/articles/indraprastha/1-15_march2013_and_16-31_march2013_indraprastha.pdf">"Regional plan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160911123840/http://rgplan.org/articles/indraprastha/1-15_march2013_and_16-31_march2013_indraprastha.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 11 September 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Regional+plan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.rgplan.org%2Farticles%2Findraprastha%2F1-15_march2013_and_16-31_march2013_indraprastha.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-bar1-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-bar1_31-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bharati Chaturvedi, 2010, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?isbn=0670084832">Finding Delhi: Loss and Renewal in the Megacity</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061613/https://www.google.com/search?tbo=p&tbm=bks&q=isbn:0670084832">Archived</a> 23 September 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, Page 78.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ahmad1-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ahmad1_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ML Ahmed, Analysis of Discharge and Gauge-Level Data at Old Railway Bridge, Int'l Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Energy and Manufacturing Engineering (ICAEME’2014), 9–10 June 2014, Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-taje1-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-taje1_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taje1_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-taje1_33-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTakSatiRizvi2010" class="citation web cs1">Tak, Prakash C.; Sati, Jagdish P.; Rizvi, Anjum N. (April 2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120317104520/http://threatenedtaxa.org/ZooPrintJournal/2010/April/o220026iv10841-844.pdf">"Status of waterbirds at Hathnikund Barrage wetland, Yamunanagar District, Haryana, India"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. p. 841. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://threatenedtaxa.org/ZooPrintJournal/2010/April/o220026iv10841-844.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 17 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 July</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Status+of+waterbirds+at+Hathnikund+Barrage+wetland%2C+Yamunanagar+District%2C+Haryana%2C+India&rft.pages=841&rft.date=2010-04&rft.aulast=Tak&rft.aufirst=Prakash+C.&rft.au=Sati%2C+Jagdish+P.&rft.au=Rizvi%2C+Anjum+N.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fthreatenedtaxa.org%2FZooPrintJournal%2F2010%2FApril%2Fo220026iv10841-844.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Haberman2006-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Haberman2006_34-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haberman2006_34-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Haberman2006_34-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberman2006" class="citation book cs1">Haberman, David L. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=63uDsPPr48gC&pg=PA78"><i>River of love in an age of pollution: the Yamuna River of northern India</i></a>. University of California Press. p. 78. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-24789-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-24789-5"><bdi>978-0-520-24789-5</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=River+of+love+in+an+age+of+pollution%3A+the+Yamuna+River+of+northern+India&rft.pages=78&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-520-24789-5&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D63uDsPPr48gC%26pg%3DPA78&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-who1-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-who1_35-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-who1_35-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-who1_35-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-who1_35-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/too-many-cooks-spoil-the-broth/article8406990.ece">Too many cooks spoil the broth </a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180702181417/https://www.thehindu.com/news/national/other-states/too-many-cooks-spoil-the-broth/article8406990.ece">Archived</a> 2 July 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Hindu" title="The Hindu">The Hindu</a>, 29 March 2016.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWoodwardJohn_Brian_Harley1987" class="citation book cs1">Woodward, David; John Brian Harley (1987). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ocoV2iI4vcoC&q=Yamuna&pg=RA2-PA311"><i>The History of cartography, Volume 2, Part 1</i></a>. Oxford University Press US. p. 438. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-31635-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-31635-1"><bdi>0-226-31635-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061614/https://books.google.com/books?id=ocoV2iI4vcoC&q=Yamuna&pg=RA2-PA311">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+History+of+cartography%2C+Volume+2%2C+Part+1&rft.pages=438&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press+US&rft.date=1987&rft.isbn=0-226-31635-1&rft.aulast=Woodward&rft.aufirst=David&rft.au=John+Brian+Harley&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DocoV2iI4vcoC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DRA2-PA311&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WYC-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WYC_37-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171113165614/http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Western_Yamuna_Canal_Major_Irrigation_Project_JI01653">"Western yaumna Canal Project"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Western_Yamuna_Canal_Major_Irrigation_Project_JI01653">the original</a> on 13 November 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Western+yaumna+Canal+Project&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Findia-wris.nrsc.gov.in%2Fwrpinfo%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DWestern_Yamuna_Canal_Major_Irrigation_Project_JI01653&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-IW-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-IW_38-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-IW_38-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306070810/http://www.indiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.org/files/On%20The%20Brink_Water%20Governance_Yamuna%20River%20Basin_Haryana_PEACE_SPWD_2010.pdf">"India Water Portal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indiawaterportal.org/sites/indiawaterportal.org/files/On%20The%20Brink_Water%20Governance_Yamuna%20River%20Basin_Haryana_PEACE_SPWD_2010.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 6 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=India+Water+Portal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indiawaterportal.org%2Fsites%2Findiawaterportal.org%2Ffiles%2FOn%2520The%2520Brink_Water%2520Governance_Yamuna%2520River%2520Basin_Haryana_PEACE_SPWD_2010.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PC-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PC_39-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PC_39-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PC_39-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170211023411/http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/sereport/ser/wjc/wjc_ch1.pdf">"Planning Commission of India: Western Yaumna Canal"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://planningcommission.nic.in/reports/sereport/ser/wjc/wjc_ch1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 11 February 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Planning+Commission+of+India%3A+Western+Yaumna+Canal&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fplanningcommission.nic.in%2Freports%2Fsereport%2Fser%2Fwjc%2Fwjc_ch1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hindustantimes-09Apr16-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hindustantimes-09Apr16_40-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hindustantimes-09Apr16_40-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoudgil2016" class="citation news cs1">Moudgil, Rajesh (9 April 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/haryana-restores-complete-water-supply-to-delhi-through-munak-canal/story-Io8jYPhySojgNKocdcAjxJ.html">"Munak water supply fully restored to Delhi"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160409170413/http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi/haryana-restores-complete-water-supply-to-delhi-through-munak-canal/story-Io8jYPhySojgNKocdcAjxJ.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Munak+water+supply+fully+restored+to+Delhi&rft.date=2016-04-09&rft.aulast=Moudgil&rft.aufirst=Rajesh&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fdelhi%2Fharyana-restores-complete-water-supply-to-delhi-through-munak-canal%2Fstory-Io8jYPhySojgNKocdcAjxJ.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Jind-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Jind_41-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Jind_41-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://cgwb.gov.in/district_profile/haryana/jind.pdf">"Jind district profile"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160419223303/http://cgwb.gov.in/district_profile/haryana/jind.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 19 April 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Jind+district+profile&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcgwb.gov.in%2Fdistrict_profile%2Fharyana%2Fjind.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DB-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DB_42-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.delhibird.com/Checklists/West%20Yamuna%20Canal.html">"Delhibird.com"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923061614/http://www.delhibird.com/Checklists/West%20Yamuna%20Canal.html">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 April</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Delhibird.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.delhibird.com%2FChecklists%2FWest%2520Yamuna%2520Canal.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-timesofindia-06Apr16-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-timesofindia-06Apr16_43-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-timesofindia-06Apr16_43-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Yamuna-water-link-may-get-govt-nod/articleshow/51705467.cms">"Yamuna water link may get govt nod"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Times_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Times of India">Times of India</a></i>. 6 April 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923062220/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/city/delhi/Yamuna-water-link-may-get-govt-nod/articleshow/51705467.cms">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Times+of+India&rft.atitle=Yamuna+water+link+may+get+govt+nod&rft.date=2016-04-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesofindia.indiatimes.com%2Fcity%2Fdelhi%2FYamuna-water-link-may-get-govt-nod%2Farticleshow%2F51705467.cms&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hindustantimes-01Feb17-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hindustantimes-01Feb17_44-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hindustantimes-01Feb17_44-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSultan2017" class="citation news cs1">Sultan, Parvez (1 February 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/steamer-service-to-revive-navigation-in-agra-canal-after-143-years/story-aVlo6EzGLS2ednEyg6I50M.html">"Steamer service to revive navigation in Agra Canal after 143 years"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Hindustan_Times" title="Hindustan Times">Hindustan Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222051104/http://www.hindustantimes.com/delhi-news/steamer-service-to-revive-navigation-in-agra-canal-after-143-years/story-aVlo6EzGLS2ednEyg6I50M.html">Archived</a> from the original on 22 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Hindustan+Times&rft.atitle=Steamer+service+to+revive+navigation+in+Agra+Canal+after+143+years&rft.date=2017-02-01&rft.aulast=Sultan&rft.aufirst=Parvez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.hindustantimes.com%2Fdelhi-news%2Fsteamer-service-to-revive-navigation-in-agra-canal-after-143-years%2Fstory-aVlo6EzGLS2ednEyg6I50M.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_45-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_45-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEck2012" class="citation book cs1">Eck, Diana L. (2012). <i>India : a sacred geography</i>. New York: Harmony Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+%3A+a+sacred+geography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Harmony+Books&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Eck&rft.aufirst=Diana+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_46-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_46-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_46-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberman2006" class="citation book cs1">Haberman, David L. (2006). <i>River of love in an age of pollution : the Yamuna River of northern India</i>. Berkeley, Calif.: University of California Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=River+of+love+in+an+age+of+pollution+%3A+the+Yamuna+River+of+northern+India&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+Calif.&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDallapiccola2007" class="citation book cs1">Dallapiccola, Anna L. (2007). <i>Indian art in detail</i>. 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Temple University Press. p. 329. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87722-122-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87722-122-7"><bdi>0-87722-122-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221215172613/https://books.google.com/books?id=TmFOX7q2IqgC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA329">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Classical+Hindu+mythology%3A+a+reader+in+the+Sanskrit+Pur%C4%81nas&rft.pages=329&rft.pub=Temple+University+Press&rft.date=1978&rft.isbn=0-87722-122-7&rft.aulast=Dimmitt&rft.aufirst=Cornelia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DTmFOX7q2IqgC%26q%3DYamuna%2BRiver%26pg%3DPA329&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100625023157/http://www.celextel.org/stotrasother/yamunashtakam.html">"Yamunashtakam Text and Translation"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.celextel.org/stotrasother/yamunashtakam.html">the original</a> on 25 June 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Yamunashtakam+Text+and+Translation&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.celextel.org%2Fstotrasother%2Fyamunashtakam.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShiva2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Vandana_Shiva" title="Vandana Shiva">Shiva, Vandana</a> (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iQzwwzBYGDkC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA172"><i>Earth democracy: justice, sustainability and peace-G – Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary Subjects Series</i></a>. Zed Books. pp. 172–173. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-84277-777-7" title="Special:BookSources/1-84277-777-7"><bdi>1-84277-777-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923062117/https://books.google.com/books?id=iQzwwzBYGDkC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA172#v=snippet&q=Yamuna&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 October</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Earth+democracy%3A+justice%2C+sustainability+and+peace-G+%E2%80%93+Reference%2C+Information+and+Interdisciplinary+Subjects+Series&rft.pages=172-173&rft.pub=Zed+Books&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-84277-777-7&rft.aulast=Shiva&rft.aufirst=Vandana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DiQzwwzBYGDkC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA172&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChamberlain2008" class="citation book cs1">Chamberlain, Gary (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=oAHhdczi9CcC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA16"><i>Troubled waters: religion, ethics, and the global water crisis</i></a>. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 18. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-5245-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7425-5245-6"><bdi>978-0-7425-5245-6</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923062117/https://books.google.com/books?id=oAHhdczi9CcC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA16#v=snippet&q=Yamuna%20River&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Publication Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting, Government of India. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/indiathroughages00mada/page/72">72</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=India+through+the+ages&rft.pages=72&rft.pub=Publication+Division%2C+Ministry+of+Information+and+Broadcasting%2C+Government+of+India&rft.date=1990&rft.aulast=Gopal&rft.aufirst=Madan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Findiathroughages00mada&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mathura-vrindavan.com/mathura1/yamunariver.htm">"Yamuna River"</a>, <i>Mathura-Vrindavan</i>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210728073534/http://www.mathura-vrindavan.com/mathura1/yamunariver.htm">archived</a> from the original on 28 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 July</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Mathura-Vrindavan&rft.atitle=Yamuna+River&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.mathura-vrindavan.com%2Fmathura1%2Fyamunariver.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sharma, H.S., 2007. 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Fauna of Madhya Pradesh (including Chhattisgarh), State Fauna Series, 15(1), pp.147–244.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kailash_Chandra3/publication/284724631_Fauna_of_Madhya_Pradesh_including_Chhaftisgarh/links/5657e76408aeafc2aac118d2/Fauna-of-Madhya-Pradesh-including-Chhaftisgarh.pdf#page=171">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201202004920/https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Kailash_Chandra3/publication/284724631_Fauna_of_Madhya_Pradesh_including_Chhaftisgarh/links/5657e76408aeafc2aac118d2/Fauna-of-Madhya-Pradesh-including-Chhaftisgarh.pdf#page=171">Archived</a> 2 December 2020 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sharma, A.P., Das, M.K., Samanta, S., Paul, S.K. and Bhowmick, S., 2014. The ecology and fishery status of river Yamuna. Bulletin, (184), pp.1–32.<a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.709.760&rep=rep1&type=pdf">http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.709.760&rep=rep1&type=pdf</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"Lang, J.W., Chowfin, S. and Ross, J.P., 2019. 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University of California Press. pp. 9, 91. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-93962-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-93962-2"><bdi>978-0-520-93962-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221215172613/https://books.google.com/books?id=CJFdkkGSV8gC&pg=PR13">Archived</a> from the original on 15 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 January</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=River+of+Love+in+an+Age+of+Pollution%3A+The+Yamuna+River+of+Northern+India&rft.pages=9%2C+91&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2006-09-10&rft.isbn=978-0-520-93962-2&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=David&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCJFdkkGSV8gC%26pg%3DPR13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-imp-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-imp_60-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V01_053.gif">The Ganges and the Jumna</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923062233/https://dsal.uchicago.edu/reference/gazetteer/pager.html?objectid=DS405.1.I34_V01_053.gif">Archived</a> 23 September 2024 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <a href="/wiki/The_Imperial_Gazetteer_of_India" title="The Imperial Gazetteer of India">The Imperial Gazetteer of India</a>, 1909 v. 1, <i>p. 23.</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChaudharyWalker2019" class="citation journal cs1">Chaudhary, Meenakshi; Walker, Tony R. 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(2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283443245_Impact_of_Industrial_Pollution_on_Yamuna_River_A_Review">Impact of Industrial Pollution on Yamuna River: A Review</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230123080951/https://www.researchgate.net/publication/283443245_Impact_of_Industrial_Pollution_on_Yamuna_River_A_Review">Archived</a> 23 January 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 10.13140/RG.2.1.3632.8401.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-64"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-64">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/new-updates/woman-washes-hair-in-yamuna-with-hazardous-foam-in-viral-video-social-media-exclaimed-not-shampoo-heres-clip/articleshow/115092254.cms?from=mdr">"Woman washes hair in Yamuna with hazardous foam in viral video; Social media exclaimed 'not shampoo'; Here's clip"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>. 8 November 2024.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=Woman+washes+hair+in+Yamuna+with+hazardous+foam+in+viral+video%3B+Social+media+exclaimed+%27not+shampoo%27%3B+Here%27s+clip&rft.date=2024-11-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fnew-updates%2Fwoman-washes-hair-in-yamuna-with-hazardous-foam-in-viral-video-social-media-exclaimed-not-shampoo-heres-clip%2Farticleshow%2F115092254.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sustainability-times-65"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-sustainability-times_65-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSukanan2019" class="citation news cs1">Sukanan, Darunee (26 November 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191128161921/https://www.sustainability-times.com/environmental-protection/a-river-deemed-sacred-in-india-has-become-polluted-beyond-belief/">"A 'sacred' river in India has become polluted beyond belief"</a>. <i>Sustainability Times</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.sustainability-times.com/environmental-protection/a-river-deemed-sacred-in-india-has-become-polluted-beyond-belief/">the original</a> on 28 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sustainability+Times&rft.atitle=A+%27sacred%27+river+in+India+has+become+polluted+beyond+belief&rft.date=2019-11-26&rft.aulast=Sukanan&rft.aufirst=Darunee&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.sustainability-times.com%2Fenvironmental-protection%2Fa-river-deemed-sacred-in-india-has-become-polluted-beyond-belief%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-66"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-66">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Headworks_(Dam,_Barrage,Weir,_Anicut,_Lift)">"list of head works (Dams,_Barrages, Weirs, Anicuts, Lifts) on Yamuna/Ganga river"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170921052447/http://www.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in/wrpinfo/index.php?title=Headworks_(Dam,_Barrage,Weir,_Anicut,_Lift)">Archived</a> from the original on 21 September 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=list+of+head+works+%28Dams%2C_Barrages%2C+Weirs%2C+Anicuts%2C+Lifts%29+on+Yamuna%2FGanga+river&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.india-wris.nrsc.gov.in%2Fwrpinfo%2Findex.php%3Ftitle%3DHeadworks_%28Dam%2C_Barrage%2CWeir%2C_Anicut%2C_Lift%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-67"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-67">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPepper2007" class="citation news cs1">Pepper, Daniel (27 July 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/07/27/MNGMJR7G6S1.DTL&hw=yamuna&sn=001&sc=1000">"India's 'flush-and-forget' mindset"</a>. <i>SFGate.com</i>. San Francisco Chronicle. pp. A17–A18. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080410134056/http://www.sfgate.com/cgi-bin/article.cgi?f=/c/a/2007/07/27/MNGMJR7G6S1.DTL&hw=yamuna&sn=001&sc=1000">Archived</a> from the original on 10 April 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 July</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=SFGate.com&rft.atitle=India%27s+%27flush-and-forget%27+mindset&rft.pages=A17-A18&rft.date=2007-07-27&rft.aulast=Pepper&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sfgate.com%2Fcgi-bin%2Farticle.cgi%3Ff%3D%2Fc%2Fa%2F2007%2F07%2F27%2FMNGMJR7G6S1.DTL%26hw%3Dyamuna%26sn%3D001%26sc%3D1000&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-68"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-68">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000408/ina08010.html">"CAG castigates Delhi Govt over Yamuna river pollution"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Indian_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Express">Indian Express</a>. 8 April 2000. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120114135801/http://www.expressindia.com/news/ie/daily/20000408/ina08010.html">Archived</a> from the original on 14 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CAG+castigates+Delhi+Govt+over+Yamuna+river+pollution&rft.pub=Indian+Express&rft.date=2000-04-08&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressindia.com%2Fnews%2Fie%2Fdaily%2F20000408%2Fina08010.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-69"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-69">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPepper2007" class="citation news cs1">Pepper, Daniel (4 June 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/06/11/100083453/index.htm">"India's rivers are drowning in pollution"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Fortune_(magazine)" title="Fortune (magazine)">Fortune</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20240923062121/https://money.cnn.com/magazines/fortune/fortune_archive/2007/06/11/100083453/index.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 23 September 2024<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Fortune&rft.atitle=India%27s+rivers+are+drowning+in+pollution&rft.date=2007-06-04&rft.aulast=Pepper&rft.aufirst=Daniel&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmoney.cnn.com%2Fmagazines%2Ffortune%2Ffortune_archive%2F2007%2F06%2F11%2F100083453%2Findex.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-70"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-70">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/indias-largest-sewage-treatment-plant-to-come-up-at-okhla-djb/articleshow/69565260.cms?from=mdr">"India's largest sewage treatment plant to come up at Okhla: DJB"</a>. <i>The Economic Times</i>. 29 May 2019. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108003324/https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/news/politics-and-nation/indias-largest-sewage-treatment-plant-to-come-up-at-okhla-djb/articleshow/69565260.cms?from=mdr">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 November</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Economic+Times&rft.atitle=India%27s+largest+sewage+treatment+plant+to+come+up+at+Okhla%3A+DJB&rft.date=2019-05-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feconomictimes.indiatimes.com%2Fnews%2Fpolitics-and-nation%2Findias-largest-sewage-treatment-plant-to-come-up-at-okhla-djb%2Farticleshow%2F69565260.cms%3Ffrom%3Dmdr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-71"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-71">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGupta2009" class="citation news cs1">Gupta, Geeta (31 August 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120114221756/http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/inflow-to-yamuna-to-be-cleaned-up-at-last/509240/">"Inflow to Yamuna to be cleaned up at last"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Indian_Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Indian Express">Indian Express</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.expressindia.com/latest-news/inflow-to-yamuna-to-be-cleaned-up-at-last/509240/">the original</a> on 14 January 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Indian+Express&rft.atitle=Inflow+to+Yamuna+to+be+cleaned+up+at+last&rft.date=2009-08-31&rft.aulast=Gupta&rft.aufirst=Geeta&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.expressindia.com%2Flatest-news%2Finflow-to-yamuna-to-be-cleaned-up-at-last%2F509240%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-72"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-72">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140716034616/http://www.delhidailynews.com/news/Panel--Scrap-Yamuna-riverfront-project-1398490017/">"Panel: Scrap Yamuna riverfront project"</a>. <i>Delhi Daily News</i>. 26 April 2014. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.delhidailynews.com/news/Panel--Scrap-Yamuna-riverfront-project-1398490017/">the original</a> on 16 July 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Delhi+Daily+News&rft.atitle=Panel%3A+Scrap+Yamuna+riverfront+project&rft.date=2014-04-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.delhidailynews.com%2Fnews%2FPanel--Scrap-Yamuna-riverfront-project-1398490017%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Guardian-21Mar17-73"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian-21Mar17_73-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Guardian-21Mar17_73-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSafiAgencies2017" class="citation news cs1">Safi, Michael; Agencies (21 March 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/21/ganges-and-yamuna-rivers-granted-same-legal-rights-as-human-beings">"Ganges and Yamuna rivers granted same legal rights as human beings"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210420192210/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2017/mar/21/ganges-and-yamuna-rivers-granted-same-legal-rights-as-human-beings">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Ganges+and+Yamuna+rivers+granted+same+legal+rights+as+human+beings&rft.date=2017-03-21&rft.issn=0261-3077&rft.aulast=Safi&rft.aufirst=Michael&rft.au=Agencies&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2017%2Fmar%2F21%2Fganges-and-yamuna-rivers-granted-same-legal-rights-as-human-beings&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFraser1820" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/James_Baillie_Fraser" title="James Baillie Fraser">Fraser, James Baillie</a> (1820). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/journaloftourthr00fras#page/n3/mode/2up"><i>Journal of a tour through part of the snowy range of the Himala Mountains, and to the sources of the rivers Jumna and Ganges</i></a>. Rodwell and Martin, London.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Journal+of+a+tour+through+part+of+the+snowy+range+of+the+Himala+Mountains%2C+and+to+the+sources+of+the+rivers+Jumna+and+Ganges&rft.pub=Rodwell+and+Martin%2C+London&rft.date=1820&rft.aulast=Fraser&rft.aufirst=James+Baillie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fjournaloftourthr00fras%23page%2Fn3%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHaberman2006" class="citation book cs1">Haberman, David L. (2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=CJFdkkGSV8gC&q=Yamuna&pg=PA1"><i>River of love in an age of pollution: the Yamuna River of northern India</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/University_of_California_Press" title="University of California Press">University of California Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-520-24790-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-520-24790-6"><bdi>0-520-24790-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=River+of+love+in+an+age+of+pollution%3A+the+Yamuna+River+of+northern+India&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=0-520-24790-6&rft.aulast=Haberman&rft.aufirst=David+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCJFdkkGSV8gC%26q%3DYamuna%26pg%3DPA1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchumann2001" class="citation book cs1">Schumann, A. H. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YT_5Lp0JqVEC&q=Yamuna+River&pg=PA25"><i>Sustainable regional water management of Yamuna river basin: A case study</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Hydrological_Sciences" title="International Association of Hydrological Sciences">International Association of Hydrological Sciences</a>(<a href="/wiki/International_Association_of_Hydrological_Sciences" title="International Association of Hydrological Sciences">IAHS</a>). pp. 25–32. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-901502-51-1" title="Special:BookSources/1-901502-51-1"><bdi>1-901502-51-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sustainable+regional+water+management+of+Yamuna+river+basin%3A+A+case+study&rft.pages=25-32&rft.pub=International+Association+of+Hydrological+Sciences%28IAHS%29&rft.date=2001&rft.isbn=1-901502-51-1&rft.aulast=Schumann&rft.aufirst=A.+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYT_5Lp0JqVEC%26q%3DYamuna%2BRiver%26pg%3DPA25&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYamuna" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Yamuna_River" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Yamuna River">Yamuna River</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tri-murti.com/ancientindia/rigHistory/ch4.htm">The Geography of the Rigveda</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180115044119/http://www.tri-murti.com/ancientindia/rigHistory/ch4.htm">Archived</a> 15 January 2018 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040719190252/http://yap.nic.in/yamuna.asp">Yamuna Action Plan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eHCaIvPN2rY"><span class="plainlinks">The Yamuna, India's most polluted river</span></a> on <a href="/wiki/YouTube_video_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="YouTube video (identifier)">YouTube</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i> (7 July 2017)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://yamunamission.com/">Yamuna Mission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://examgain.vercel.app/revision/ssc/river-system-of-india">Yamuna and other Rivers SSC Questions</a></li> <li>The painting <i>A Ruin on the Banks of the Jumna, Above the City of Delhi </i> by William Purser, engraved by <a href="/wiki/William_Joseph_Taylor" title="William Joseph Taylor">William Joseph Taylor</a>, as an illustration to <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/18px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/24px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> <a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Letitia_Elizabeth_Landon_(L._E._L.)_in_Fisher%27s_Drawing_Room_Scrap_Book,_1834/The_Zenana_-_Continuation_1" class="extiw" title="s:Letitia Elizabeth Landon (L. E. L.) in Fisher's Drawing Room Scrap Book, 1834/The Zenana - Continuation 1">The Zenana</a>., a poem by <a href="/wiki/Letitia_Elizabeth_Landon" title="Letitia Elizabeth Landon">Letitia Elizabeth Landon</a>.</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output 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class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geography_of_Himachal_Pradesh" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geo_HP" title="Template:Geo HP"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geo_HP" title="Template talk:Geo HP"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a 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title="List of lakes in Himachal Pradesh">more...</a></i></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg/100px-India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="75" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg/150px-India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg/200px-India_78.40398E_20.74980N.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="958" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_in_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Rivers in Himachal Pradesh">Rivers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beas_River" title="Beas River">Beas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenab_River" title="Chenab River">Chenab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_River" title="Ravi River">Ravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="List of districts of Himachal Pradesh">Districts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bilaspur_district,_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Bilaspur district, Himachal Pradesh">Bilaspur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamba_district" title="Chamba district">Chamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamirpur_district,_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Hamirpur district, Himachal Pradesh">Hamirpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangra_district" title="Kangra district">Kangra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnaur_district" title="Kinnaur district">Kinnaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kullu_district" title="Kullu district">Kullu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahaul_and_Spiti_district" title="Lahaul and Spiti district">Lahaul and Spiti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandi_district" title="Mandi district">Mandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sirmaur_district" title="Sirmaur district">Sirmaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shimla_district" title="Shimla district">Shimla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solan_district" title="Solan district">Solan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Una_district" title="Una district">Una</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="Climate of Himachal Pradesh">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Himachal_Pradesh" class="mw-redirect" title="Protected areas of Himachal Pradesh">Protected areas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mountain_peaks_of_Himachal_Pradesh" title="List of mountain peaks of Himachal Pradesh">Peaks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Himachal_Pradesh_by_highest_point" title="List of districts of Himachal Pradesh by highest point">Highest points by district</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrography_of_Haryana" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hydrography_of_Haryana" title="Template:Hydrography of Haryana"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hydrography_of_Haryana" title="Template talk:Hydrography of Haryana"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography_of_Haryana" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography of Haryana"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrography_of_Haryana" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrography" title="Hydrography">Hydrography</a> of <a href="/wiki/Haryana" title="Haryana">Haryana</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">North Haryana rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ghaggar-Hakra_River" title="Ghaggar-Hakra River">Ghaggar-Hakra</a> (vedic <a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Sarasvati river">Sarasvati river</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chautang" title="Chautang">Chautang</a> (vedic <a href="/wiki/Drishadvati_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Drishadvati river">Drishadvati river</a>)<br /></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a> (tributary of <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markanda_river,_Haryana" class="mw-redirect" title="Markanda river, Haryana">Markanda River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarsuti" title="Sarsuti">Sarsuti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dangri" title="Dangri">Dangri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tangri_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Tangri river">Tangri river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaushalya_river" title="Kaushalya river">Kaushalya river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somb_river" title="Somb river">Somb river</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">South Haryana rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a> (tributary of <a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahibi_River" title="Sahibi River">Sahibi River</a> (called <a href="/wiki/Najafgarh_drain" title="Najafgarh drain">Najafgarh drain</a> in Delhi)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishnavati_river" title="Krishnavati river">Krishnavati river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dohan_river" title="Dohan river">Dohan river</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indori_river" title="Indori river">Indori river</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_Yaumna_Canal" class="mw-redirect" title="Western Yaumna Canal">Western Yamuna Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej_Yamuna_link_canal" title="Sutlej Yamuna link canal">Sutlej Yamuna link canal</a> (from <a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a> river tributary of <a href="/wiki/Indus" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus">Indus</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indira_Gandhi_Canal" title="Indira Gandhi Canal">Indira Gandhi Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Seasonal waterfalls</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morni#Tikkar_Taal" title="Morni">Tikkar Taal twin lakes</a> at <a href="/wiki/Morni" title="Morni">Morni hiills</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sivalik_Hills" title="Sivalik Hills">Sivalik Hills</a> in <a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar district</a>}<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhosi_Hill" title="Dhosi Hill">Dhosi Hill</a> seasonal waterfall (<a href="/wiki/Aravalli_Range" title="Aravalli Range">Aravalli Range</a> in <a href="/wiki/Mahendragarh_district" title="Mahendragarh district">Mahendragarh district</a>}<br /></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pali_village" title="Pali village">Pali village</a> seasonal waterfall (<a href="/wiki/Aravalli_Range" title="Aravalli Range">Aravalli Range</a> on outskirts of <a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Hot springs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sohna#Sohna_Sulphur_Hot_Spring" title="Sohna">Sohna Sulphur Hot Spring</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sohna" title="Sohna">Sohna</a> in <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon district</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hathni_Kund" title="Hathni Kund">Hathni Kund</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahma_Sarovar" title="Brahma Sarovar">Brahma Sarovar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sannihit_Sarovar" title="Sannihit Sarovar">Sannihit Sarovar</a> (<a href="/wiki/Kurukshetra" title="Kurukshetra">Kurukshetra</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karna_Lake" title="Karna Lake">Karna Lake</a> (<a href="/wiki/Karnal" title="Karnal">Karnal</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tilyar_Lake" title="Tilyar Lake">Tilyar Lake</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rohtak" title="Rohtak">Rohtak</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damdama_Lake" title="Damdama Lake">Damdama Lake</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sohna" title="Sohna">Sohna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gurgaon_district" title="Gurgaon district">Gurgaon district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Badkhal_Lake" title="Badkhal Lake">Badkhal Lake</a> (<a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surajkund" title="Surajkund">Surajkund</a> (<a href="/wiki/Faridabad" title="Faridabad">Faridabad</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Bird_Lake" title="Blue Bird Lake">Blue Bird Lake</a> (<a href="/wiki/Hisar_(city)" title="Hisar (city)">Hissar</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Dams, barrages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaushalya_Dam" title="Kaushalya Dam">Kaushalya Dam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Panchkula_district" title="Panchkula district">Panchkula district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hathnikund_Barrage" class="mw-redirect" title="Hathnikund Barrage">Hathnikund Barrage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tajewala_Barrage" title="Tajewala Barrage">Tajewala Barrage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pathrala_barrage" title="Pathrala barrage">Pathrala barrage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Yamunanagar_district" title="Yamunanagar district">Yamunanagar district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anagpur_Dam" class="mw-redirect" title="Anagpur Dam">Anagpur Dam</a> (<a href="/wiki/Surajkund" title="Surajkund">Surajkund</a>, <a href="/wiki/Faridabad_district" title="Faridabad district">Faridabad district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palla_barrage" title="Palla barrage">Palla barrage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Gurugram_district" class="mw-redirect" title="Gurugram district">Gurugram district</a>)</li> <li>Masani barrage (<a href="/wiki/Rewari_district" title="Rewari district">Rewari district</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottu_barrage" title="Ottu barrage">Ottu barrage</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sirsa_district" title="Sirsa district">Sirsa district</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Karnal#Karnal_Mughal_Bridge" title="Karnal">Karnal Mughal Bridge</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrography_of_Uttar_Pradesh" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hydrography_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Template:Hydrography of Uttar Pradesh"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hydrography_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Template talk:Hydrography of Uttar Pradesh"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography of Uttar Pradesh"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrography_of_Uttar_Pradesh" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrography" title="Hydrography">Hydrography</a> of <a href="/wiki/Uttar_Pradesh" title="Uttar Pradesh">Uttar Pradesh</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaghara River">Ghaghara or Karnali</a> (Sarayu)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">North flowing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhasan_River" title="Dhasan River">Dhasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jamni_River" title="Jamni River">Jamni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanhar_River" title="Kanhar River">Kanhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karmanasa_River" title="Karmanasa River">Karmanasa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihand_River" title="Rihand River">Rihand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_River" title="Sindh River">Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Son River">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamsa_River" title="Tamsa River">Tamsa or Tons</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">South flowing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assi_River" title="Assi River">Assi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Babai_River" title="Babai River">Babai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaula_River_(India)" title="Gaula River (India)">Gaula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomti_River" title="Gomti River">Gomti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Uttar_Pradesh)" title="Kali River (Uttar Pradesh)">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kukarail_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kukarail River">Kukrail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramganga" title="Ramganga">Ramganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohni_River" title="Rohni River">Rohni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharda_River" title="Sharda River">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varuna_River" title="Varuna River">Varuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Rapti_River" title="West Rapti River">West Rapti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Lakes</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barua_Sagar_Tal" title="Barua Sagar Tal">Barua Sagar Tal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belasagar_Lake" title="Belasagar Lake">Belasagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chittaura_Jheel" title="Chittaura Jheel">Chittaura Jheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Keetham_Lake" title="Keetham Lake">Keetham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moti_Jheel" title="Moti Jheel">Moti Jheel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raja_Ka_Tal" title="Raja Ka Tal">Raja Ka Tal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulhar_Lake" title="Phulhar Lake">Phulhar Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Dams and barrages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Barrage" title="Ganges Barrage">Ganges Barrage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matatila_Dam" title="Matatila Dam">Matatila Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parichha_Dam" title="Parichha Dam">Parichha Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rajghat_Dam" title="Rajghat Dam">Rajghat Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihand_Dam" title="Rihand Dam">Rihand Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Sharda_Barrage" title="Lower Sharda Barrage">Lower Sharda Barrage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Canals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Canal" title="Ganges Canal">Ganges Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agra_Canal" title="Agra Canal">Agra Canal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malviya_Bridge" title="Malviya Bridge">Malviya Bridge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shahi_Bridge" title="Shahi Bridge">Shahi Bridge, Jaunpur</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;line-height:1.3em;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aciravati" class="mw-redirect" title="Aciravati">Aciravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charmanwati" class="mw-redirect" title="Charmanwati">Charmanwati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_River" title="Sarasvati River">Sarasvati River</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triveni_Sangam" title="Triveni Sangam">Triveni Sangam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrography_of_Uttarakhand" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Hydrography_of_Uttarakhand" title="Template:Hydrography of Uttarakhand"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Hydrography_of_Uttarakhand" title="Template talk:Hydrography of Uttarakhand"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography_of_Uttarakhand" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Hydrography of Uttarakhand"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrography_of_Uttarakhand" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Hydrography" title="Hydrography">Hydrography</a> of <a href="/wiki/Uttarakhand" title="Uttarakhand">Uttarakhand</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaknanda" class="mw-redirect" title="Alaknanda">Alaknanda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baur_River" title="Baur River">Baur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhagirathi">Bhagirathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhilangna" class="mw-redirect" title="Bhilangna">Bhilangna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bindal_River" title="Bindal River">Bindal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darma_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Darma River">Darma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhauliganga_River" title="Dhauliganga River">Dhauliganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaula_River_(India)" title="Gaula River (India)">Gaula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomati_River_(Uttarakhand)" title="Gomati River (Uttarakhand)">Gomati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gori_Ganga" title="Gori Ganga">Goriganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadh_Ganga" title="Jadh Ganga">Jadhganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahnavi" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahnavi">Jahnavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosi_River_(Uttarakhand)" title="Kosi River (Uttarakhand)">Kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshman_Ganga" title="Lakshman Ganga">Lakshmanganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandakini_River" title="Mandakini River">Mandakini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandakini" title="Nandakini">Nandakini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deoha" title="Deoha">Nandhaur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nayar_River" title="Nayar River">Nayar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar_River" title="Pindar River">Pindar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pushpawati" class="mw-redirect" title="Pushpawati">Pushpawati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramganga" title="Ramganga">Ramganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishiganga" title="Rishiganga">Rishiganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rispana_River" title="Rispana River">Rispana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saraswati_River_(Uttarakhand)" title="Saraswati River (Uttarakhand)">Saraswati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarju" title="Sarju">Sarju</a> (Sarayu)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharda_River" title="Sharda River">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song_River_(India)" title="Song River (India)">Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tons_River" title="Tons River">Tons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasuki_Ganga" title="Vasuki Ganga">Vasukiganga</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;"><a href="/wiki/Lakes_of_Kumaon_hills" title="Lakes of Kumaon hills">Lakes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhimtal_Lake" title="Bhimtal Lake">Bhimtal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhullatal" title="Bhullatal">Bhullatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deoria_Tal" title="Deoria Tal">Deoriatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dodital" title="Dodital">Dodital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaurikund" class="mw-redirect" title="Gaurikund">Gaurikund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemkund" class="mw-redirect" title="Hemkund">Hemkund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homkund" title="Homkund">Homkund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanatal" title="Kanatal">Kanatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedartal" title="Kedartal">Kedartal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nainital_Lake" title="Nainital Lake">Nainital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naukuchiatal" title="Naukuchiatal">Naukuchiatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pannatal" title="Pannatal">Pannatal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roopkund" title="Roopkund">Roopkund</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satopanth_Tal" title="Satopanth Tal">Satopanthtal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sattal" title="Sattal">Sattal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Glaciers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gangotri_Glacier" title="Gangotri Glacier">Gangotri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kafni_Glacier" title="Kafni Glacier">Kafni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalabaland_Glacier" title="Kalabaland Glacier">Kalabaland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kedarnath_Glacier" title="Kedarnath Glacier">Kedarnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meola_Glacier" title="Meola Glacier">Meola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milam_Glacier" title="Milam Glacier">Milam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Namik_Glacier" title="Namik Glacier">Namik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchchuli_Glacier" title="Panchchuli Glacier">Panchchuli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindari_Glacier" title="Pindari Glacier">Pindari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralam_Glacier" title="Ralam Glacier">Ralam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satopanth_Glacier" title="Satopanth Glacier">Satopanth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sona_Glacier" title="Sona Glacier">Sona</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Waterfalls</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kempty_Falls" title="Kempty Falls">Kempty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahasradhara" title="Sahasradhara">Sahasradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tiger_Falls" title="Tiger Falls">Tiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasudhara_Falls" title="Vasudhara Falls">Vasudhara</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Dams</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dharasu_Power_Station" title="Dharasu Power Station">Bhali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhauliganga_Dam" title="Dhauliganga Dam">Dhauliganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichari_Dam" title="Ichari Dam">Ichari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kishau_Dam" title="Kishau Dam">Kishau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koteshwar_Dam" title="Koteshwar Dam">Koteshwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakhwar_Dam" title="Lakhwar Dam">Lakhwar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loharinag_Pala_Hydropower_Project" title="Loharinag Pala Hydropower Project">Loharinag Pala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maneri_Dam" title="Maneri Dam">Maneri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramganga_Dam" title="Ramganga Dam">Ramganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tehri_Dam" title="Tehri Dam">Tehri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Srinagar_Hydroelectric_Project" title="Srinagar Hydroelectric Project">Srinagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapovan_Vishnugad_Hydropower_Plant" title="Tapovan Vishnugad Hydropower Plant">Tapovan Vishnugad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Barrages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asan_Barrage" title="Asan Barrage">Asan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimgoda_Barrage" title="Bhimgoda Barrage">Bhimgoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakpathar_Barrage" title="Dakpathar Barrage">Dakpathar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pashulok_Barrage" title="Pashulok Barrage">Pashulok</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Bridges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lakshman_Jhula" title="Lakshman Jhula">Lakshman Jhula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ram_Jhula" title="Ram Jhula">Ram Jhula</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding:0.35em 1.0em; line-height:1.1em;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dehradun_canals" title="Dehradun canals">Dehradun canals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doab" title="Doab">Doab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Canal" title="Ganges Canal">Ganges Canal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomukh" title="Gomukh">Gomukh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Gangetic_Plain" title="Indo-Gangetic Plain">Indo-Gangetic Plain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Rivers_of_India" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Rivers_of_India" title="Template:Rivers of India"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Rivers_of_India" title="Template talk:Rivers of India"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers_of_India" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Rivers of India"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Rivers_of_India" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Rivers_of_India" class="mw-redirect" title="Rivers of India">Rivers of India</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beas_River" title="Beas River">Beas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baspa_River" title="Baspa River">Baspa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parvati_River_(Himachal_Pradesh)" title="Parvati River (Himachal Pradesh)">Parvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spiti_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Spiti River">Spiti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenab_River" title="Chenab River">Chenab</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marusudar_River" title="Marusudar River">Marusudar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawi_River" title="Tawi River">Tawi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhelum_River" title="Jhelum River">Jhelum</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lidder_River" title="Lidder River">Lidder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neelum_River" title="Neelum River">Neelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poonch_River" title="Poonch River">Poonch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sind_River" title="Sind River">Sind</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_River" title="Ravi River">Ravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shyok_River" title="Shyok River">Shyok</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nubra_River" title="Nubra River">Nubra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suru_River_(Indus)" title="Suru River (Indus)">Suru</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dras_River" title="Dras River">Dras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shingo_River" title="Shingo River">Shingo</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yapola_River" title="Yapola River">Yapola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zanskar_River" title="Zanskar River">Zanskar</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Markha_River_(India)" title="Markha River (India)">Markha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tsarap_River" title="Tsarap River">Tsarap</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doda_River" title="Doda River">Doda</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra" class="mw-redirect" title="Brahmaputra">Brahmaputra</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beki_River" title="Beki River">Beki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhogdoi_River" title="Bhogdoi River">Bhogdoi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhansiri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Dhansiri River">Dhansiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dibang_River" title="Dibang River">Dibang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dihing_River" title="Dihing River">Dihing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dikhow_River" title="Dikhow River">Dikhow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kameng_River" title="Kameng River">Kameng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolong_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kolong River">Kolong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kopili_River" title="Kopili River">Kopili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lohit_River" title="Lohit River">Lohit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manas_River" title="Manas River">Manas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raid%C4%81k_River" title="Raidāk River">Raidak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankosh_River" title="Sankosh River">Sankosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subansiri_River" title="Subansiri River">Subansiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Teesta_River" title="Teesta River">Teesta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alaknanda_River" title="Alaknanda River">Alaknanda</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mandakini_River" title="Mandakini River">Mandakini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pindar_River" title="Pindar River">Pindar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nandakini" title="Nandakini">Nandakini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhauliganga_River" title="Dhauliganga River">Dhauliganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rishiganga" title="Rishiganga">Rishiganga</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atrai_River" title="Atrai River">Atrai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bagmati_River" title="Bagmati River">Bagmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi_River" title="Bhagirathi River">Bhagirathi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhilangna_River" title="Bhilangna River">Bhilangna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jahnavi_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Jahnavi River">Jahanavi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burhi_Gandak_River" title="Burhi Gandak River">Burhi Gandak</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Phalgu_River" title="Phalgu River">Phalgu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Gandaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara" title="Ghaghara">Ghaghara</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darma_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Darma River">Darma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gori_Ganga" title="Gori Ganga">Gori Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rohni_River" title="Rohni River">Rohni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarju" title="Sarju">Sarju</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharda_River" title="Sharda River">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Rapti_River" title="West Rapti River">West Rapti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomti_River" title="Gomti River">Gomti</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathana" title="Kathana">Kathana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarayan_river" title="Sarayan river">Sarayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hooghly_River" title="Hooghly River">Hooghly</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajay_River" title="Ajay River">Ajay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barakar_River" title="Barakar River">Barakar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Churni_River" title="Churni River">Churni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwarakeswar_River" title="Dwarakeswar River">Dwarakeswar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ichamati_River" title="Ichamati River">Ichamati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jadh_Ganga" title="Jadh Ganga">Jadh Ganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jalangi_River" title="Jalangi River">Jalangi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayurakshi_River" title="Mayurakshi River">Mayurakshi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mundeswari_River" title="Mundeswari River">Mundeswari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rupnarayan_River" title="Rupnarayan River">Rupnarayan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosi_River" title="Kosi River">Kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahananda_River" title="Mahananda River">Mahananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barak_River" title="Barak River">Barak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dakatia_River" title="Dakatia River">Dakatia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhalai_River" title="Dhalai River">Dhalai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feni_River" title="Feni River">Feni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gumti_River_(Tripura)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gumti River (Tripura)">Gumti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushiyara_River" title="Kushiyara River">Kushiyara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manu_River_(Tripura)" title="Manu River (Tripura)">Manu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Someshwari_River" title="Someshwari River">Someshwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titas_River" title="Titas River">Titas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuivai_River" title="Tuivai River">Tuivai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punarbhaba_River" title="Punarbhaba River">Punarbhaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramganga" title="Ramganga">Ramganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sone_River" title="Sone River">Sone</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amanat_River" title="Amanat River">Amanat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banas_River" title="Banas River">Banas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Johilla_River" title="Johilla River">Johilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gopad_River" title="Gopad River">Gopad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kanhar_River" title="Kanhar River">Kanhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Koel_River" title="North Koel River">North Koel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rihand_River" title="Rihand River">Rihand</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahar_River" title="Ahar River">Ahar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banas_River" title="Banas River">Banas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bandi_River" title="Bandi River">Bandi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berach_River" title="Berach River">Berach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhasan_River" title="Dhasan River">Dhasan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gambhir_River_(Rajasthan)" title="Gambhir River (Rajasthan)">Gambhir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halali_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Halali River">Halali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindon_River" title="Hindon River">Hindon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_Sindh_River" title="Kali Sindh River">Kali Sindh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ken_River" title="Ken River">Ken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuno_River" title="Kuno River">Kuno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kwari_River" title="Kwari River">Kwari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morel_River" title="Morel River">Morel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parbati_River_(Madhya_Pradesh)" title="Parbati River (Madhya Pradesh)">Parbati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parbati_River_(Rajasthan)" title="Parbati River (Rajasthan)">Parbati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pahuj_River" title="Pahuj River">Pahuj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shipra_River" title="Shipra River">Shipra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindh_River" title="Sindh River">Sindh</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darna_River" title="Darna River">Darna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indravati_River" title="Indravati River">Indravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinnerasani_River" title="Kinnerasani River">Kinnerasani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manjira_River" title="Manjira River">Manjira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maner_River" title="Maner River">Maner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pranhita_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Pranhita River">Pranhita</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kanhan_River" title="Kanhan River">Kanhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolar_River_(Maharashtra)" title="Kolar River (Maharashtra)">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kulbehra_River" title="Kulbehra River">Kulbehra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nag_River" title="Nag River">Nag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Painganga_River" title="Painganga River">Painganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pench_River" title="Pench River">Pench</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wainganga_River" title="Wainganga River">Wainganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wardha_River" title="Wardha River">Wardha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravara_River" title="Pravara River">Pravara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_River_(tributary_of_Godavari)" title="Purna River (tributary of Godavari)">Purna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabari_River" title="Sabari River">Sabari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sindphana_River" title="Sindphana River">Sindphana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliperu_River" title="Taliperu River">Taliperu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Krishna_River" title="Krishna River">Krishna</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agrani_River" title="Agrani River">Agrani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhima_River" title="Bhima River">Bhima</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bori_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Bori River">Bori</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghod_River" title="Ghod River">Ghod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indrayani_River" title="Indrayani River">Indrayani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kamini_River" title="Kamini River">Kamini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalika_River" title="Kundalika River">Kundali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula_River_(India)" title="Mula River (India)">Mula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mula-Mutha_River" title="Mula-Mutha River">Mula-Mutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutha_River" title="Mutha River">Mutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nira_River" title="Nira River">Nira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pavana_River" title="Pavana River">Pavana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sina_River" title="Sina River">Sina</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghataprabha_River" title="Ghataprabha River">Ghataprabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koyna_River" title="Koyna River">Koyna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malaprabha_River" title="Malaprabha River">Malaprabha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musi_River_(India)" title="Musi River (India)">Musi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venna_River" title="Venna River">Venna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Warana_River" title="Warana River">Warana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panchganga_River" title="Panchganga River">Panchganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tungabhadra_River" title="Tungabhadra River">Tungabhadra</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunga_River" title="Tunga River">Tunga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhadra_River" title="Bhadra River">Bhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedavathi_River" title="Vedavathi River">Vedavathi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Varada" title="Varada">Varada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vedganga_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Vedganga river">Vedganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venna_River" title="Venna River">Venna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yerla_River" title="Yerla River">Yerla</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Narmada_River" title="Narmada River">Narmada</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barna_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Barna River">Barna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Choral_River" title="Choral River">Choral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dudhi_River" title="Dudhi River">Dudhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveri_River_(Madhya_Pradesh)" title="Kaveri River (Madhya Pradesh)">Kaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kolar_River_(Madhya_Pradesh)" title="Kolar River (Madhya Pradesh)">Kolar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orsang" title="Orsang">Orsang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shakkar_River" title="Shakkar River">Shakkar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sher_River" title="Sher River">Sher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tawa_River" title="Tawa River">Tawa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi" title="Mahanadi">Mahanadi</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhargavi_River" title="Bhargavi River">Bhargavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danta_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Danta River">Danta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Devi_River" title="Devi River">Devi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hasdeo_River" title="Hasdeo River">Hasdeo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ib_River" title="Ib River">Ib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonk_River" title="Jonk River">Jonk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kathajodi_River" title="Kathajodi River">Kathajodi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuakhai_River" title="Kuakhai River">Kuakhai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kushabhadra_River" title="Kushabhadra River">Kushabhadra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mand_River" title="Mand River">Mand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ong_River" title="Ong River">Ong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pairi_River" title="Pairi River">Pairi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seonath_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Seonath River">Seonath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shivnath_River" title="Shivnath River">Shivnath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sondur_River" title="Sondur River">Sondur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surubalijora" title="Surubalijora">Surubalijora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tel_River" title="Tel River">Tel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Telen_River" title="Telen River">Telen</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kaveri" title="Kaveri">Kaveri</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amaravati_River" title="Amaravati River">Amaravati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kodavanar_River" title="Kodavanar River">Kodavanar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nanganjiyar_River" title="Nanganjiyar River">Nanganjiyar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arkavathi_River" title="Arkavathi River">Arkavathi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vrishabhavathi_River" title="Vrishabhavathi River">Vrishabhavathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumudvathi_River" title="Kumudvathi River">Kumudvathi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhavani_River" title="Bhavani River">Bhavani</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Siruvani_River" title="Siruvani River">Siruvani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moyar_River" title="Moyar River">Moyar</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemavati_River" title="Hemavati River">Hemavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kabini_River" title="Kabini River">Kabini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kollidam_River" title="Kollidam River">Kollidam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakshmana_Tirtha" title="Lakshmana Tirtha">Lakshmana Tirtha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noyyal_River" title="Noyyal River">Noyyal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarabanga_River" title="Sarabanga River">Sarabanga</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Tapti_River" title="Tapti River">Tapti</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arunavati_River" title="Arunavati River">Arunavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Girna_River" title="Girna River">Girna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gomai_River" title="Gomai River">Gomai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panzara_River" title="Panzara River">Panzara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Purna_River_(tributary_of_Tapti)" title="Purna River (tributary of Tapti)">Purna</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morna_River" title="Morna River">Morna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaan_River" title="Vaan River">Vaan</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Penna_River" title="Penna River">Penna</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cheyyeru_River" title="Cheyyeru River">Cheyyeru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitravathi_River" title="Chitravathi River">Chitravathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundu_River" title="Kundu River">Kunderu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papagni_River" title="Papagni River">Papagni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sagileru" title="Sagileru">Sagileru</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adyar_River" title="Adyar River">Adyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aghanashini_River" title="Aghanashini River">Aghanashini</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitarani_River" title="Baitarani River">Baitarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bharathappuzha" title="Bharathappuzha">Bharathappuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmani_River" title="Brahmani River">Brahmani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chaliyar" title="Chaliyar">Chaliyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chandragiri_River" title="Chandragiri River">Chandragiri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooum_River" title="Cooum River">Cooum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dahisar_River" title="Dahisar River">Dahisar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daya_River" title="Daya River">Daya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gangavalli_River" title="Gangavalli River">Gangavalli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaggar-Hakra_River" title="Ghaggar-Hakra River">Ghaggar-Hakra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Karnataka)" title="Kali River (Karnataka)">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kangsabati_River" title="Kangsabati River">Kangsabati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/North_Karo_River" title="North Karo River">North Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankh_River" title="Sankh River">Sankh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Karo_River" title="South Karo River">South Karo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Koel_River" title="South Koel River">South Koel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koina_River" title="Koina River">Koina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumaradhara_River" title="Kumaradhara River">Kumaradhara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundalika_River" title="Kundalika River">Kundalika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luni_River" title="Luni River">Luni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahi_River" title="Mahi River">Mahi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gomati_River_(Rajasthan)" title="Gomati River (Rajasthan)">Gomati, Rajasthan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mithi_River" title="Mithi River">Mithi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Netravati_River" title="Netravati River">Netravati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oshiwara_River" title="Oshiwara River">Oshiwara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palar_River" title="Palar River">Palar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pamba_River" title="Pamba River">Pamba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patalganga_River" title="Patalganga River">Patalganga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periyar_River" title="Periyar River">Periyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ponnaiyar_River" title="Ponnaiyar River">Ponnaiyar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabarmati_River" title="Sabarmati River">Sabarmati</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sei_River" title="Sei River">Sei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wakal_River" title="Wakal River">Wakal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savitri_River" title="Savitri River">Savitri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharavati" title="Sharavati">Sharavati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shastri_River" title="Shastri River">Shastri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subarnarekha_River" title="Subarnarekha River">Subarnarekha</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kharkai_River" title="Kharkai River">Kharkai</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surya_River_(India)" title="Surya River (India)">Surya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swarnamukhi" title="Swarnamukhi">Swarnamukhi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swetha_River" title="Swetha River">Swetha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tansa_River" title="Tansa River">Tansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Terna_River" title="Terna River">Terna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thamirabarani_River" title="Thamirabarani River">Thamirabarani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ulhas_River" title="Ulhas River">Ulhas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaigai_River" title="Vaigai River">Vaigai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaippar_river" class="mw-redirect" title="Vaippar river">Vaippar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaitarna" title="Vaitarna">Vaitarna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vashishti_River" title="Vashishti River">Vashishti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vasishta_Nadi" title="Vasishta Nadi">Vasishta Nadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vellar_River_(Northern_Tamil_Nadu)" title="Vellar River (Northern Tamil Nadu)">Vellar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_India_by_discharge" title="List of rivers of India by discharge">List of rivers of India by discharge</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Hydrography_of_the_Indian_subcontinent" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Template:Waters of South Asia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Template talk:Waters of South Asia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Waters_of_South_Asia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Waters of South Asia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Hydrography_of_the_Indian_subcontinent" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Hydrography of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inland rivers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagmati_River" title="Bagmati River">Bagmati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beas_River" title="Beas River">Beas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Betwa_River" title="Betwa River">Betwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhagirathi_River" title="Bhagirathi River">Bhagirathi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brahmaputra_River" title="Brahmaputra River">Brahmaputra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chambal_River" title="Chambal River">Chambal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chenab_River" title="Chenab River">Chenab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damodar_River" title="Damodar River">Damodar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Godavari_River" title="Godavari River">Godavari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gandaki_River" title="Gandaki River">Gandaki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges" title="Ganges">Ganges</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghaghara_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghaghara River">Ghaghara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River" title="Indus River">Indus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhelum_River" title="Jhelum River">Jhelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kali_River_(Karnataka)" title="Kali River (Karnataka)">Kali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaveri_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaveri River">Kaveri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kosi_River" title="Kosi River">Kosi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krishna_River" title="Krishna River">Krishna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luni_River" title="Luni River">Luni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahanadi" title="Mahanadi">Mahanadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahananda_River" title="Mahananda River">Mahananda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahaweli_River" title="Mahaweli River">Mahaweli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meghna_River" title="Meghna River">Meghna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narmada_River" title="Narmada River">Narmada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padma_River" title="Padma River">Padma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ravi_River" title="Ravi River">Ravi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarasvati_River" title="Sarasvati River">Sarasvati</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sankosh_River" title="Sankosh River">Sankosh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sharda_River" title="Sharda River">Sharda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Son River">Son</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sutlej" title="Sutlej">Sutlej</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tapti_River" title="Tapti River">Tapti</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Yamuna</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inland lakes, deltas, etc.</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Basin" title="Ganges Basin">Ganges Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ganges_Delta" title="Ganges Delta">Ganges Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indus_River_Delta" title="Indus River Delta">Indus Delta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dal_Lake" title="Dal Lake">Dal Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pookode_Lake" title="Pookode Lake">Pookode Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roopkund" title="Roopkund">Skeleton Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilika_Lake" title="Chilika Lake">Chilika Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Powai_Lake" title="Powai Lake">Lake Powai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borith_Lake" title="Borith Lake">Borith Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saiful_Muluk" class="mw-redirect" title="Saiful Muluk">Saiful Muluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gosaikunda" title="Gosaikunda">Gosaikunda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizam_Sagar" class="mw-redirect" title="Nizam Sagar">Nizam Sagar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Hills_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Red Hills Lake">Red Hills Lake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malampuzha" title="Malampuzha">Malampuzha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kerala_backwaters" title="Kerala backwaters">Kerala backwaters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulicat_Lake" title="Pulicat Lake">Pulicat Lake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Coastal</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mannar" title="Gulf of Mannar">Gulf of Mannar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palk_Bay" title="Palk Bay">Palk Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palk_Strait" title="Palk Strait">Palk Strait</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Lakes of Bangladesh">Lakes of Bangladesh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_India" title="Category:Lakes of India">India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Nepal" title="Category:Lakes of Nepal">Nepal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Lakes of Pakistan">Pakistan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Lakes_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Lakes of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Reservoirs_in_India" title="Category:Reservoirs in India">Reservoirs and dams in India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Reservoirs_in_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Reservoirs in Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Bangladesh" title="Category:Rivers of Bangladesh">Rivers of Bangladesh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Bhutan" title="Category:Rivers of Bhutan">Bhutan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_India" title="Category:Rivers of India">India</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Nepal" title="Category:Rivers of Nepal">Nepal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Pakistan" title="Category:Rivers of Pakistan">Pakistan</a> / <a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Category:Rivers of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132726#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132726#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q132726#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh87001822">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb155384309">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb155384309">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007529861005171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pleiades.stoa.org/places/59852">Pleiades</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/232891907">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&oldid=1258058841">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Yamuna&oldid=1258058841</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Yamuna_River" title="Category:Yamuna River">Yamuna River</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rigvedic_rivers" title="Category:Rigvedic rivers">Rigvedic rivers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Delhi" title="Category:Rivers of Delhi">Rivers of Delhi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Haryana" title="Category:Rivers of Haryana">Rivers of Haryana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Uttar_Pradesh" title="Category:Rivers of Uttar Pradesh">Rivers of Uttar Pradesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_of_Uttarakhand" title="Category:Rivers of Uttarakhand">Rivers of Uttarakhand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sacred_rivers" title="Category:Sacred rivers">Sacred rivers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sea_and_river_goddesses" title="Category:Sea and river goddesses">Sea and river goddesses</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Tributaries_of_the_Ganges" title="Category:Tributaries of the Ganges">Tributaries of the Ganges</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Sarasvati_River" title="Category:Sarasvati River">Sarasvati River</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Rivers_in_Buddhism" title="Category:Rivers in Buddhism">Rivers in Buddhism</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Environmental_personhood" title="Category:Environmental personhood">Environmental personhood</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Pages_using_gadget_WikiMiniAtlas" title="Category:Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas">Pages using gadget WikiMiniAtlas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Webarchive_template_wayback_links" title="Category:Webarchive template wayback links">Webarchive template wayback links</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_errors:_missing_periodical" title="Category:CS1 errors: missing periodical">CS1 errors: missing periodical</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short 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