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title="Meer oor die projek, wat jy kan doen, nuttige skakels"><span>Gebruikersportaal</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Geselshoekie" title="Agtergrondinligting oor aktuele sake"><span>Geselshoekie</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Onlangse_wysigings" title="'n Lys van onlangse wysigings [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Onlangse wysigings</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Lukraak" title="Laai 'n lukrake bladsye [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Lukrake bladsy</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Vind meer uit oor iets"><span>Hulp</span></a></li><li id="n-Sandput" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Sandput"><span>Sandput</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Tuisblad" class="mw-logo"> <img 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class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Voorkoms" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Voorkoms</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af" class=""><span>Skenkings</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Mangaan" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie." class=""><span>Skep gebruiker</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Mangaan" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Meld aan</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Meer opsies" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Persoonlike gereedskap" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Persoonlike gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_af.wikipedia.org&uselang=af"><span>Skenkings</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:SkepRekening&returnto=Mangaan" title="U word aangemoedig om 'n gebruiker te skep en aan te meld, hoewel dit nie verpligtend is nie."><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skep gebruiker</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Teken_in&returnto=Mangaan" title="U word aangemoedig om aan te meld. Dit is egter nie verpligtend nie. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Meld aan</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bladsye vir uitgemelde redakteurs <a href="/wiki/Hulp:Inleiding" aria-label="Leer meer oor redigering"><span>leer meer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybydrae" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bydraes</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Mybespreking" title="Bespreking oor bydraes van hierdie IP-adres [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Werf"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Inhoud" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Inhoud</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inleiding</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Kenmerkende_eienskappe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kenmerkende_eienskappe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Kenmerkende eienskappe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kenmerkende_eienskappe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aanwendings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aanwendings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Aanwendings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aanwendings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geskiedenis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geskiedenis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geskiedenis</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geskiedenis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Biologiese_rol" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Biologiese_rol"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Biologiese rol</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Biologiese_rol-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verspreiding" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verspreiding"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Verspreiding</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verspreiding-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verbindings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verbindings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Verbindings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verbindings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotope" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotope"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Isotope</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotope-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Voorsorgmaatreëls" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Voorsorgmaatreëls"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Voorsorgmaatreëls</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Voorsorgmaatreëls-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sien_ook" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sien_ook"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Sien ook</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sien_ook-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Mangaan</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 154 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-154" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">154 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%9B%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8B%E1%8A%92%E1%8B%9D" title="ማንጋኒዝ – Amharies" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ማንጋኒዝ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%A9s" title="Manganés – Aragonees" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Manganés" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C" title="मैंगनीज – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="मैंगनीज" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%BA%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="منغنيز – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منغنيز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DD%A3%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="منݣنيز – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="منݣنيز" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="منجنيز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="منجنيز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganesu" title="Manganesu – Asturies" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Manganesu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manirtel" title="Manirtel – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Manirtel" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="म्याङ्यानिज – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="म्याङ्यानिज" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manqan" title="Manqan – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Manqan" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%B2" title="منگنز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="منگنز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Baskir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Baskir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan_(datu)" title="Mangan (datu) – Balinees" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Mangan (datu)" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangganeso" title="Mangganeso – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Mangganeso" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C" title="मैंगनीज – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="मैंगनीज" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-blk mw-list-item"><a href="https://blk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%B2%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%B7%E1%80%9E%E1%80%BA" title="မဲန်ဂနီ့သ် – Pa'O" lang="blk" hreflang="blk" data-title="မဲန်ဂနီ့သ်" data-language-autonym="ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ" data-language-local-name="Pa'O" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ပအိုဝ်ႏဘာႏသာႏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C" title="ম্যাঙ্গানিজ – Bengaals" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ম্যাঙ্গানিজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengaals" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BE%95%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="མེང་ལྕགས། – Tibettaans" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="མེང་ལྕགས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibettaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganez" title="Manganez – Bretons" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Manganez" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Bretons" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Bosnies" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8s" title="Manganès – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Manganès" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A2ing_(g%C4%ADng-s%E1%B9%B3%CC%86k)" title="Mâing (gĭng-sṳ̆k) – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Mâing (gĭng-sṳ̆k)" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganeso" title="Manganeso – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Manganeso" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D9%86%DA%AF%DB%95%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="مەنگەنیز – Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەنگەنیز" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Korsikaans" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%AEs" title="Manganîs – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Manganîs" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="voorbladartikel"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%AC%DE%82%DE%B0%DE%8E%DE%A6%DE%82%DE%A9%DE%92%DE%B0" title="މެންގަނީޒް – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މެންގަނީޒް" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%B3%CE%B3%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF" title="Μαγγάνιο – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μαγγάνιο" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangano" title="Mangano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mangano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganeso" title="Manganeso – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Manganeso" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaan" title="Mangaan – Estnies" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mangaan" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estnies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganeso" title="Manganeso – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Manganeso" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%86%D8%B2" title="منگنز – Persies" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منگنز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaani" title="Mangaani – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mangaani" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Faroëes" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroëes" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8se" title="Manganèse – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Manganèse" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaan" title="Mangaan – Noord-Fries" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Mangaan" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Noord-Fries" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%AAs" title="Manganês – Friuliaans" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Manganês" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangain%C3%A9is" title="Mangainéis – Iers" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Mangainéis" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Iers" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaineis" title="Mangaineis – Skotse Gallies" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Mangaineis" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Skotse Gallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganeso" title="Manganeso – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Manganeso" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%97%E0%AB%87%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%9D" title="મેંગેનિઝ – Goedjarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મેંગેનિઝ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Goedjarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganaish" title="Manganaish – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Manganaish" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Hakka-Sjinees" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%9F" title="מנגן – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מנגן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BC" title="मैंगनीज़ – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मैंगनीज़" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Kroaties" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8z" title="Manganèz – Haïtiaans" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Manganèz" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haïtiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mang%C3%A1n" title="Mangán – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mangán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A3%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Մանգան – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մանգան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D3%80%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%8C%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B0%D1%88_(%D1%85%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5_%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82)" title="Ӏаьржадаьредаш (химе элемент) – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Ӏаьржадаьредаш (химе элемент)" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangano" title="Mangano – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Mangano" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Yslands" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Yslands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AC%E3%83%B3" title="マンガン – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マンガン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrmanga" title="jinmrmanga – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrmanga" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Javaans" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="მანგანუმი – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მანგანუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ma%C5%8Bgan%C9%9Bz%C9%A9" title="Maŋganɛzɩ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Maŋganɛzɩ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D" title="ಮ್ಯಾಂಗನೀಸ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮ್ಯಾಂಗನೀಸ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%9D%EA%B0%80%EB%8B%88%EC%A6%88" title="망가니즈 – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="망가니즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Koerdies" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Koerdies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Коми</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganes" title="Manganes – Kornies" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Manganes" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Kirgisies" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganum" title="Manganum – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Manganum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Luxemburgs" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxemburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaan" title="Mangaan – Limburgs" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Mangaan" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgs" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganeise" title="Manganeise – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Manganeise" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganeis" title="Manganeis – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Manganeis" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B1%E0%BA%87%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%81%E0%BA%B2%E2%80%8B%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%B5%E0%BA%AA" title="ມັງການີສ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ມັງການີສ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganas" title="Manganas – Litaus" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Manganas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Litaus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mang%C4%81ns" title="Mangāns – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mangāns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Мангани – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Мангани" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganezy" title="Manganezy – Malgassies" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Manganezy" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malgassies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Masedonies" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Masedonies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D" title="മാംഗനീസ് – Malabaars" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മാംഗനീസ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malabaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Mongools" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C" title="मँगनीज – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मँगनीज" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кырык мары</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Maleis" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Maleis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%99%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%94%E1%80%AD%E1%80%85%E1%80%BA" title="မက်ဂနိစ် – Birmaans" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="မက်ဂနိစ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Birmaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Erzya" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="Erzya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Nederduits" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Nederduits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="म्याङ्यानिज – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="म्याङ्यानिज" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangaan" title="Mangaan – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mangaan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Nuwe Noors" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nuwe Noors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8s" title="Manganès – Oksitaans" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Manganès" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Oksitaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganum" title="Manganum – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Manganum" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%99%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%97%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%9C" title="ମାଙ୍ଗାନିଜ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ମାଙ୍ଗାନିଜ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Марган – Osseties" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Марган" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Osseties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%82%E0%A8%97%E0%A8%A8%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%BC" title="ਮੈਂਗਨੀਜ਼ – Pandjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮੈਂਗਨੀਜ਼" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Pandjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%9C" title="म्याङ्यानिज – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="म्याङ्यानिज" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>पालि</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%A8is" title="Manganèis – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Manganèis" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="مینگانیز – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مینگانیز" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="منگنيز – Pasjtoe" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="منگنيز" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pasjtoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan%C3%AAs" title="Manganês – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Manganês" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manqanisu" title="Manqanisu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Manqanisu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganu" title="Manganu – Aromanies" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Manganu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromanies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D" title="मैङ्गनीज् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="मैङ्गनीज्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganesu" title="Manganesu – Sardinies" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Manganesu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganesi" title="Manganesi – Sisiliaans" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Manganesi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisiliaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Skots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Skots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Serwo-Kroaties" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serwo-Kroaties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%90%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%93%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A" title="මැංගනීස් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="මැංගනීස්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mang%C3%A1n" title="Mangán – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mangán" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganiis" title="Manganiis – Somalies" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Manganiis" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangani" title="Mangani – Albanees" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Mangani" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganisi" title="Manganisi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Manganisi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81" title="மாங்கனீசு – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாங்கனீசு" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D" title="మేంగనీస్ – Teloegoe" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మేంగనీస్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Teloegoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Tadjiks" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tadjiks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA" title="แมงกานีส – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แมงกานีส" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangganiso" title="Mangganiso – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Mangganiso" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganez" title="Manganez – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Manganez" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%86" title="Марганец – Tataars" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Марганец" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tataars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مانگان – Uighur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مانگان" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uighur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Манган – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Манган" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2" title="مینگنیز – Oerdoe" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مینگنیز" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Oerdoe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marganets" title="Marganets – Oezbeeks" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Marganets" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Oezbeeks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marganc" title="Marganc – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Marganc" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mangan" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Viëtnamees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mangganeso" title="Mangganeso – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Mangganeso" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰 – Wu-Sjinees" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="锰" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%90%D7%9F" title="מאנגאן – Jiddisj" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מאנגאן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Jiddisj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganisi" title="Manganisi – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Manganisi" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%B0" title="锰 – Chinees" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="锰" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%B3" title="錳 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="錳" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manganese" title="Manganese – Min Nan-Sjinees" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Manganese" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Min Nan-Sjinees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%B3" title="錳 – Kantonees" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="錳" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kantonees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/UManyazini" title="UManyazini – Zoeloe" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="UManyazini" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zoeloe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q731#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Wysig skakels tussen tale" class="wbc-editpage">Wysig skakels</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Naamruimtes"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mangaan" title="Bekyk die inhoudbladsy [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Bladsy</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bespreking:Mangaan" rel="discussion" title="Bespreking oor die inhoudbladsy [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Bespreking</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verander taalvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Afrikaans</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Weergawes"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mangaan"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=history" title="Ouer weergawes van hierdie bladsy [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gereedskap" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Gereedskap</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Gereedskap</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">versteek</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Mangaan"><span>Lees</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit" title="Redigeer hierdie bladsy [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Wysig</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit" title="Wysig die bladsy se bonkode [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Wysig bron</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=history"><span>Wys geskiedenis</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Algemeen </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Skakels_hierheen/Mangaan" title="'n Lys bladsye wat hierheen skakel [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Skakels hierheen</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:OnlangseVeranderingsMetSkakels/Mangaan" rel="nofollow" title="Onlangse wysigings aan bladsye wat vanaf hierdie bladsy geskakel is [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Verwante veranderings</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Spesiale_bladsye" title="'n Lys van al die spesiale bladsye [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Spesiale bladsye</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&oldid=2625682" title="'n Permanente skakel na hierdie weergawe van die bladsy"><span>Permanente skakel</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Bladinligting</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:CiteThisPage&page=Mangaan&id=2625682&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Inligting oor hoe u hierdie bladsy kan verwys"><span>Haal dié blad aan</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMangaan"><span>Kry verkorte URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Faf.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FMangaan"><span>Laai QR-kode af</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Druk/uitvoer </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:Boek&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Mangaan"><span>Skep boek</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Spesiaal:DownloadAsPdf&page=Mangaan&action=show-download-screen"><span>Laai af as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&printable=yes" title="Drukbare weergawe van hierdie bladsy [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Drukbare weergawe</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ander projekte </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Manganese" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q731" title="Skakel na gekonnekteerde databank item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Voorkoms"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><table class="wikitable" align="right" border="1" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" style="margin:0 0 0.5em 0.5em"> <tbody><tr> <td colspan="2"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0"> <tbody><tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold">25</span> </td> <td align="center" style="padding-left:2em"><span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">chroom</a></span> ← <span style="font-size:120%">mangaan</span> → <span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Yster" title="Yster">yster</a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center"><span style="font-size:95%">-</span><br />↑<br /><span style="font-size:120%; font-weight:bold">Mn</span><br />↓<br /><span style="font-size:95%"><a href="/wiki/Tegnesium" title="Tegnesium">Tc</a></span> </td> <td> <table> <tbody><tr> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Mn-TableImage.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Mn-TableImage.svg/300px-Mn-TableImage.svg.png" decoding="async" width="300" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Mn-TableImage.svg/450px-Mn-TableImage.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Mn-TableImage.svg/600px-Mn-TableImage.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="673" data-file-height="203" /></a></span><div align="right"><a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel" title="Periodieke tabel">Periodieke tabel</a></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ffc0c0; color:black;text-align: center">Algemeen </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Lys_van_elemente_volgens_naam" title="Lys van elemente volgens naam">Naam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lys_van_elemente_volgens_simbool" title="Lys van elemente volgens simbool">simbool</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lys_van_elemente_volgens_getal" class="mw-redirect" title="Lys van elemente volgens getal">getal</a> </td> <td>mangaan, Mn, 25 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Chemiese_reeks" title="Chemiese reeks">Chemiese reeks</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Oorgangsmetaal" title="Oorgangsmetaal">oorgangsmetaal</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel_groep" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodieke tabel groep">Groep</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel_periode" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodieke tabel periode">periode</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel_blok" class="mw-redirect" title="Periodieke tabel blok">blok</a> </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groep_7_element&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Groep 7 element (bladsy bestaan nie)">7</a>, <a href="/wiki/Periode_4_element" title="Periode 4 element">4</a>, <a href="/wiki/D-blok" class="mw-redirect" title="D-blok">d</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kleur" title="Kleur">Voorkoms</a></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="silwermetaal kleur"><img alt="silwermetaal kleur" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/125px-Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="78" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/188px-Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg/250px-Manganese_electrolytic_and_1cm3_cube.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5424" data-file-height="3368" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atoommassa" title="Atoommassa">Atoommassa</a></td> <td>54.938049(9) g/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronkonfigurasie" title="Elektronkonfigurasie">Elektronkonfigurasie</a></td> <td>[<a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a>] 3d<sup>5</sup> 4s<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektron" title="Elektron">Elektrone</a> per <a href="/wiki/Elektronskil" title="Elektronskil">skil</a></td> <td>2, 8, 13, 2 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ffc0c0; color:black; text-align:center">Fisiese eienskappe </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Toestand_van_materie" title="Toestand van materie">Toestand</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vastestof" class="mw-redirect" title="Vastestof">vastestof</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Digtheid" title="Digtheid">Digtheid</a> (naby <a href="/wiki/Kamertemperatuur" title="Kamertemperatuur">k.t.</a>)</td> <td>7.21 g/cm³ </td></tr> <tr> <td>Vloeistof <a href="/wiki/Digtheid" title="Digtheid">digtheid</a> teen <a href="/wiki/Smeltpunt" title="Smeltpunt">s.p.</a></td> <td>5.95 g/cm³ </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smeltpunt" title="Smeltpunt">Smeltpunt</a></td> <td>1519 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a><br />(1246 °<a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">C</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kookpunt" title="Kookpunt">Kookpunt</a></td> <td>2334 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a><br />(2061 °<a href="/wiki/Celsius" title="Celsius">C</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Smeltingswarmte" title="Smeltingswarmte">Smeltingswarmte</a></td> <td>12.91 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_per_mol" title="Kilojoule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Verdampingswarmte" title="Verdampingswarmte">Verdampingswarmte</a></td> <td>221 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_per_mol" title="Kilojoule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Warmtekapasiteit" title="Warmtekapasiteit">Warmtekapasiteit</a></td> <td>(25 °C) 26.32 J/(mol·K) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="wikitable"> <caption><a href="/wiki/Dampdruk" title="Dampdruk">Dampdruk</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <td><i>P</i>/Pa</td> <td>1</td> <td>10</td> <td>100</td> <td>1 k</td> <td>10 k</td> <td>100 k </td></tr> <tr> <td>teen <i>T</i>/K</td> <td>1228</td> <td>1347</td> <td>1493</td> <td>1691</td> <td>1955</td> <td>2333 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ffc0c0; color:black; text-align:center">Atoomeienskappe </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kristalstruktuur" title="Kristalstruktuur">Kristalstruktuur</a></td> <td>kubies vlak gesentreerd </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Oksidasietoestand" title="Oksidasietoestand">Oksidasietoestande</a></td> <td>7, 6, 4, <b>2</b>, 3<br />(sterk <a href="/wiki/Suur" title="Suur">suur</a> oksied) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronegatiwiteit" title="Elektronegatiwiteit">Elektronegatiwiteit</a></td> <td>1.55 (<a href="/wiki/Skaal_van_Pauling" title="Skaal van Pauling">Skaal van Pauling</a>) </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3" valign="top"><a href="/wiki/Ionisasie-energie" title="Ionisasie-energie">Ionisasie-energieë</a> </td> <td>1ste: 717.3 <a href="/wiki/Kilojoule_per_mol" title="Kilojoule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>2de: 1509.0 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td>3de: 3248 kJ/mol </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atoomradius" title="Atoomradius">Atoomradius</a></td> <td>140 <a href="/wiki/Picometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Picometer">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Atoomradius" title="Atoomradius">Atoomradius</a> (ber.)</td> <td>161 <a href="/wiki/Picometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Picometer">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Kovalente_radius" class="mw-redirect" title="Kovalente radius">Kovalente radius</a></td> <td>139 <a href="/wiki/Picometer" class="mw-redirect" title="Picometer">pm</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ffc0c0; color:black;text-align:center">Diverse </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme">Magnetiese rangskikking</a></td> <td>nie-magneties </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektriese_resistiwiteit" title="Elektriese resistiwiteit">Elektriese resistiwiteit</a></td> <td>(20 °C) 1.44 µΩ·m </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Termiese_geleidingsvermo%C3%AB" title="Termiese geleidingsvermoë">Termiese geleidingsvermoë</a></td> <td>(300 K) 7.81 <a href="/wiki/Watt_per_meter-kelvin" class="mw-redirect" title="Watt per meter-kelvin">W/(m·K)</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Termiese_uitsettingsko%C3%ABffisi%C3%ABnt" title="Termiese uitsettingskoëffisiënt">Termiese uitsetting</a></td> <td>(25 °C) 21.7 µm/(m·K) </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Spoed_van_klank" title="Spoed van klank">Spoed van klank</a> (dun staaf)</td> <td>(20 °C) 5150 <a href="/wiki/Meter_per_sekonde" title="Meter per sekonde">m/s</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Young_se_modulus" title="Young se modulus">Young se modulus</a></td> <td>198 GPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Massamodulus" title="Massamodulus">Massamodulus</a></td> <td>120 GPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mohs_se_hardheidskaal" title="Mohs se hardheidskaal">Mohs se hardheid</a></td> <td>6.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Brinell_hardheidstoets" class="mw-redirect" title="Brinell hardheidstoets">Brinell hardheid</a></td> <td>196 MPa </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/CAS-registernommer" title="CAS-registernommer">CAS-registernommer</a></td> <td>7439-96-5 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ffc0c0; color:black;text-align:center">Vernaamste isotope </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2"> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Isotope van mangaan </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotoop" title="Isotoop">iso</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Natuurlike_verspreiding" class="mw-redirect" title="Natuurlike verspreiding">NV</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Halfleeftyd" title="Halfleeftyd">halfleeftyd</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vervalmodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vervalmodus">VM</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vervalenergie" title="Vervalenergie">VE</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Elektronvolt" title="Elektronvolt">MeV</a>)</small> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Vervalproduk" title="Vervalproduk">VP</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><sup>52</sup>Mn </td> <td rowspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Sintetiese_radio-isotoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Sintetiese radio-isotoop">sin</a> </td> <td rowspan="3">15.591 d </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronvangs" title="Elektronvangs">ε</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td><sup>52</sup><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Positron-emissie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Positron-emissie (bladsy bestaan nie)">β<sup>+</sup></a> </td> <td>0.575 </td> <td><sup>52</sup><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gammastraling" title="Gammastraling">γ</a> </td> <td>0.7, 0.9, 1.4 </td> <td><sup></sup>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>53</sup>Mn </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sintetiese_radio-isotoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Sintetiese radio-isotoop">sin</a> </td> <td>3.74 ×10<sup>6</sup> j </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronvangs" title="Elektronvangs">ε</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td><sup>53</sup><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><sup>54</sup>Mn </td> <td rowspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Sintetiese_radio-isotoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Sintetiese radio-isotoop">sin</a> </td> <td rowspan="2">312.3 d </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Elektronvangs" title="Elektronvangs">ε</a> </td> <td>- </td> <td><sup>54</sup><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Gammastraling" title="Gammastraling">γ</a> </td> <td>0.834 </td> <td><sup></sup>- </td></tr> <tr> <td><sup>55</sup>Mn </td> <td>100% </td> <td colspan="4">Mn is <a href="/wiki/Stabiele_isotoop" title="Stabiele isotoop">stabiel</a> met 30 <a href="/wiki/Neutron" title="Neutron">neutrone</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="background:#ffc0c0; color:black;text-align:center">Portaal <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Portal.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/20px-Portal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/30px-Portal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Portal.svg/40px-Portal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="36" data-file-height="32" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portaal:Chemie" title="Portaal:Chemie">Chemie</a> </th></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Mangaan</b> is 'n <a href="/wiki/Chemiese_element" title="Chemiese element">chemiese element</a> in die <a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel" title="Periodieke tabel">periodieke tabel</a> met die simbool <b>Mn</b> en <a href="/wiki/Atoomgetal" title="Atoomgetal">atoomgetal</a> van 25. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kenmerkende_eienskappe">Kenmerkende eienskappe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Kenmerkende eienskappe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Kenmerkende eienskappe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mangaan is 'n gryswit <a href="/wiki/Metaal" title="Metaal">metaal</a> wat soos yster lyk. Dit is 'n harde metaal en is baie bros, smelt met moeite maar word maklik geoksideer. Mangaan-metaal toon ferromagnetiese eienskappe slegs na spesiale behandeling. Die mees algemene <a href="/wiki/Oksidasietoestand" title="Oksidasietoestand">oksidasietoestande</a> van mangaan is +2, +3, +4, +6 en +7, maar toestande van +1 regdeur tot +7 word wel aangetref. Mn<sup>2+</sup> ding dikwels mee met Mg<sup>2+</sup> in biologiese stelsels. Mangaanverbindings waar die mangaan in die +7 oksidasietoestand verkeer is kragtige <a href="/wiki/Oksidasie" title="Oksidasie">oksideermiddels</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aanwendings">Aanwendings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Aanwendings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Aanwendings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:ManganiteUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/ManganiteUSGOV.jpg/220px-ManganiteUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/ManganiteUSGOV.jpg/330px-ManganiteUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e6/ManganiteUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="545" /></a><figcaption>Manganiet, 'n mangaanoksied</figcaption></figure> <p>Mangaan is 'n noodsaaklike element vir yster en staal produksie uit hoofde van sy swaelvestiging, deoksidering en legeringseienskappe. <a href="/wiki/Staal" title="Staal">Staalvervaardiging</a>, insluitend die ystervervaardigingstap is verantwoordelik vir die grootste vraag na mangaan, tans rondom 85% tot 90% van die totale vraag. Mangaan is 'n sleutelkomponent in die vervaardiging van lae-koste <a href="/wiki/Vlekvrye_staal" title="Vlekvrye staal">vlekvrye staal</a> formulerings en word ook algemeen gebruik in <a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">aluminiumlegerings</a>. Dit word ook by <a href="/wiki/Petrol" title="Petrol">petrol</a> gevoeg om <a href="/w/index.php?title=Enjinklop&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Enjinklop (bladsy bestaan nie)">enjinklop</a> te verminder. Mangaan(IV)oksied (<span class="chemf" style="white-space:nowrap;">MnO<sub>2</sub></span>; mangaandioksied) is gebruik vir die eerste droë-sel <a href="/w/index.php?title=Battery_(elektrisiteit)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battery (elektrisiteit) (bladsy bestaan nie)">batterye</a>. Mangaandioksied word ook as <a href="/wiki/Katalisator" title="Katalisator">katalisator</a> aangewend. Mangaan word verder gebruik om kleur in <a href="/wiki/Glas" title="Glas">glas</a> te verwyder (verwydering van die groen tint wat deur die teenwoordigheid van <a href="/wiki/Yster" title="Yster">yster</a> veroorsaak word) en, by hoër konsentrasies, om perskleurige glas te maak. Mangaanoksied is 'n bruin <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pigment&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pigment (bladsy bestaan nie)">pigment</a> wat gebruik kan word om <a href="/wiki/Verf" title="Verf">verf</a> te maak en is 'n natuurlike bestanddeel van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Omber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Omber (bladsy bestaan nie)">omber</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kaliumpermanganaat" title="Kaliumpermanganaat">Kaliumpermanganaat</a> is 'n uiters sterk oksideermiddel en word in chemie en geneeskunde as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ontsmettingsmiddel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ontsmettingsmiddel (bladsy bestaan nie)">ontsmettingsmiddel</a> gebruik. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geskiedenis">Geskiedenis</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Geskiedenis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Geskiedenis"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mangaan (<a href="/wiki/Latyn" title="Latyn">Latyn</a> <i>magnes</i>, wat "magneet" beteken) is al sedert die oertyd in gebruik; verwe wat met <a href="/wiki/Mangaandioksied" title="Mangaandioksied">mangaandioksied</a> gepigmenteer is kan so ver as 17 000 jaar teruggespoor word. Die Egiptenare en Romeine het mangaanverbindings in glasvervaardiging gebruik, hetsy om kleur te verwyder of om dit te kleur. Mangaan kan in ysterertse van die Spartane gevind word. Sommige spekuleer dat die buitengewone hardheid van Spartaanse stale, die gevolg van onbewustelike vervaardiging van yster-mangaanlegerings is. </p><p>In die 17de eeu, het die Duitse skeikundige <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Glauber&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johan Glauber (bladsy bestaan nie)">Johan Glauber</a> (daar word egter deur sommige mense geglo dat dit deur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ignites_Kaim&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ignites Kaim (bladsy bestaan nie)">Ignites Kaim</a> in 1770 ontdek is) die <a href="/wiki/Permanganaat" title="Permanganaat">permanganaat</a> vir die eerste keer voorberei. Teen die middel 18de eeu, is mangaandioksied gebruik in die vervaardiging van <a href="/wiki/Chloor" title="Chloor">chloor</a>. Die Sweedse skeikundige <a href="/wiki/Carl_Wilhelm_Scheele" title="Carl Wilhelm Scheele">Scheele</a> was die eerste om vas te stel dat mangaan 'n element is, en sy kollega, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Johan_Gottlieb_Gahn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Johan Gottlieb Gahn (bladsy bestaan nie)">Johan Gottlieb Gahn</a>, het dit in 1774 as 'n suiwer element voorberei deur reduksie van die dioksied met <a href="/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof">koolstof</a>. Rondom die begin van die 19de eeu, het wetenskaplikes begin om met die gebruik van mangaan in staalvervaardiging te eksperimenteer, en is die eerste patente vir sodanige toepassings van mangaan uitgereik. In 1816 is daar opgemerk dat die byvoeging van mangaan tot yster dit harder gemaak het, sonder om dit brosser te maak. In 1837 het die Britse akademikus Couper opgelet dat daar 'n verband bestaan het tussen 'n hoë blootstelling aan mangaan in die myne en <a href="/wiki/Parkinson_se_siekte" title="Parkinson se siekte">Parkinson se siekte</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biologiese_rol">Biologiese rol</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Biologiese rol" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Biologiese rol"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mangaan is 'n noodskaaklike spoorvoeding vir alle lewensvorme. </p><p>Die verskeidenheid klasse ensieme wat mangaan kofaktore het is groot en sluit klasse soos oksiedoreduktase, transferase, hidrolase, liase, isomerase, ligase, lektiene en integriene in. Die mees bekende mangaan-bevattende polipeptiede is waarskynlik <a href="/w/index.php?title=Arginase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arginase (bladsy bestaan nie)">arginase</a>, 'n Mn-bevattende <a href="/w/index.php?title=Superoksied-dismutase&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Superoksied-dismutase (bladsy bestaan nie)">superoksied-dismutase</a> en die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Difteria&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Difteria (bladsy bestaan nie)">difteria</a>-toksien. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verspreiding">Verspreiding</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Verspreiding" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Verspreiding"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg/220px-ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="192" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg/330px-ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg/440px-ManganeseOreUSGOV.jpg 2x" data-file-width="515" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>Mangaanerts</figcaption></figure> <p>Mangaan kom hoofsaaklik as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Pirolusiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pirolusiet (bladsy bestaan nie)">pirolusiet</a> (MnO<sub>2</sub>) en tot 'n mindere mate as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodochrosiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodochrosiet (bladsy bestaan nie)">rhodochrosiet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mangaan(II)karbonaat" title="Mangaan(II)karbonaat">MnCO<sub>3</sub></a>) voor. Landgebaseerde neerslae is groot maar onreëlmatig verspreid; dié van die <a href="/wiki/Verenigde_State" class="mw-redirect" title="Verenigde State">Verenigde State</a> is van 'n lae gehalte wat 'n baie hoë ontginningskoste meebring. <a href="/wiki/Suid-Afrika" title="Suid-Afrika">Suid-Afrika</a> en die <a href="/wiki/Oekra%C3%AFne" title="Oekraïne">Oekraïne</a> se neerslae verteenwoordig meer as 80% van die wêreld se bekende bronne terwyl Suid-Afrika se produksie 80% van die totale wêreldproduksie verteenwoordig as <a href="/wiki/China" class="mw-disambig" title="China">China</a> en die Oekraïne buite rekening gelaat word. Mangaan word ook in <a href="/wiki/Burkina_Faso" title="Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a> ontgin. </p><p>Geweldige groot neerslae van mangaan bestaan in <a href="/wiki/Mangaanknol" title="Mangaanknol">mangaanknolle</a> op die <a href="/w/index.php?title=Seebodem&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Seebodem (bladsy bestaan nie)">seebodem</a>. Pogings om ekonomies lewensvatbare metodes te ontwikkel om mangaanknolle te ontgin is in die 1970's gestaak. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verbindings">Verbindings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Verbindings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Verbindings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kaliumpermanganaat word dikwels as <a href="/wiki/Reagens" title="Reagens">reagens</a> in die laboratorium gebruik vanweë sy oksideringseienskappe en vind ook gebruike as medisinale salwe. </p><p>Mangaan(IV)oksied (mangaandioksied) word in droë-sel batterye gebruik en kan ook gebruik word om glas wat met spoorhoeveelhede yster besoedel is, te ontkleur. Mangaanverbindings kan ook gebruik word om glas 'n ametis kleur te gee en is dan ook verantwoordelk vir die kleur van <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ametis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ametis (bladsy bestaan nie)">ametis</a>. Mangaandioksied word ook gebruik in die vervaardiging van suurstof en chloor en om swart verwe te droog. </p><p>Die mees stabiele oksidasietoestand van mangaan is +2 en daarom word baie mangaan(II)verbindings aangetref, soos onder andere <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan(II)sulfaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangaan(II)sulfaat (bladsy bestaan nie)">mangaan(II)sulfaat</a> (MnSO<sub>4</sub>) en <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan(II)chloried&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangaan(II)chloried (bladsy bestaan nie)">mangaan(II)chloried</a> (MnCl<sub>2</sub>). Hierdie oksidasietoestand word dan ook waargeneem in die <a href="/wiki/Mineraal" title="Mineraal">mineraal</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Rhodochrosiet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Rhodochrosiet (bladsy bestaan nie)">rhodochrosiet</a> (<a href="/wiki/Mangaan(II)karbonaat" title="Mangaan(II)karbonaat">mangaan(II)karbonaat</a>). Die +3 oksidasietoestand kom ook voor in verbindings soos <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan(III)asetaat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mangaan(III)asetaat (bladsy bestaan nie)">mangaan(III)asetaat</a>, maar hierdie is nogal sterk <a href="/wiki/Redoksreaksie" title="Redoksreaksie">oksideermiddels</a>. </p> <ul><li>Sien ook: <a href="/wiki/Kategorie:Verbindings_van_mangaan" title="Kategorie:Verbindings van mangaan">Kategorie:Verbindings van mangaan</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotope">Isotope</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Wysig afdeling: Isotope" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: Isotope"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mangaan wat natuurlik voorkom bestaan uit 1 stabiele <a href="/wiki/Isotoop" title="Isotoop">isotoop</a>; <sup>55</sup>Mn. 18 <a href="/wiki/Radio-isotoop" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio-isotoop">radio-isotope</a> is al uitgeken, waarvan die mees stabiele een <sup>53</sup>Mn is met 'n <a href="/wiki/Halfleeftyd" title="Halfleeftyd">halfleeftyd</a> van 3.7 miljoen jaar, <sup>54</sup>Mn met 'n halfleeftyd van 312.3 dae en <sup>52</sup>Mn met 'n halfleeftyd van 5.591 dae en die oorblywende isotope halfleeftye wat halfleeftye van minder as 3 ure het waar die oorgrote meerderheid daarvan halfleeftye van minder as 'n minuut het. Die element het ook 3 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Meta-toestand&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Meta-toestand (bladsy bestaan nie)">meta-toestande</a>. </p><p>Mangaan is deel van die <a href="/wiki/Yster" title="Yster">ystergroep</a> van elemente en daar word gereken dat dit in groot <a href="/wiki/Ster" title="Ster">sterre</a> net voor 'n <a href="/wiki/Supernova" title="Supernova">supernova</a> gevorm word. Mangaan-53 verval na <sup>53</sup><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> met 'n <a href="/wiki/Halfleeftyd" title="Halfleeftyd">halfleeftyd</a> van 3.7 miljoen jaar. Vanweë sy relatiewe kort halfleeftyd, is <sup>53</sup>Mn 'n uitgestorwe <a href="/wiki/Radionuklied" title="Radionuklied">radionuklied</a>. Mangaan isotope word dikwels in kombinasie met <a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">chroom</a> isotope aangetref en word gebruik in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isotoopgeologie&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isotoopgeologie (bladsy bestaan nie)">isotoopgeologie</a>. </p><p>Mn-Cr isotoopverhoudings versterk die teoretieë oor die vroeëre geskiedenis van die <a href="/wiki/Sonnestelsel" title="Sonnestelsel">sonnestelsel</a> soos afgelei uit <sup>26</sup><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> en <sup>107</sup><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a>. Variasies in die <sup>53</sup>Cr/<sup>52</sup>Cr en Mn/Cr verhoudings in verskeie <a href="/wiki/Meteoriet" title="Meteoriet">meteoriete</a> dui op 'n aanvanklike <sup>53</sup>Mn/<sup>55</sup>Mn verhouding wat daarop dui dat die Mn-Cr isotope onderhewig was aan in-situ verval van <sup>53</sup>Mn in planetêre liggame. <sup>53</sup>Mn verskaf dus verdere bewys dat <a href="/wiki/Nukleosintese" title="Nukleosintese">nukleosintetiese</a> prosesse plaasgevind het net voor die vorming van die <a href="/wiki/Sonnestelsel" title="Sonnestelsel">sonnestelsel</a>. </p><p>Die isotope van mangaan wissel in <a href="/wiki/Atoomgewig" class="mw-redirect" title="Atoomgewig">atoomgewig</a> tussen 46 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Atoommassa-eenhede&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Atoommassa-eenhede (bladsy bestaan nie)">ame</a> (<sup>46</sup>Mn) tot 65 ame (<sup>65</sup>Mn). Die primêre <a href="/wiki/Vervalmodus" class="mw-redirect" title="Vervalmodus">vervalmodus</a> voor die mees algemene isotoop, <sup>55</sup>Mn, is <a href="/wiki/Elektronvangs" title="Elektronvangs">elektronvangs</a> en die primêre modus daarna is betaverval. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Voorsorgmaatreëls"><span id="Voorsorgmaatre.C3.ABls"></span>Voorsorgmaatreëls</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Wysig afdeling: Voorsorgmaatreëls" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: Voorsorgmaatreëls"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mangaan in oormaat is toksies. Blootstelling aan mangaanstof en dampe behoort nie die vlak van 5 mg/m<sup>3</sup> selfs vir kort tydperke te oorskry nie vanweë die uiters toksiese aard daarvan. </p><p>Suurpermanganaatoplossings sal baie soorte organiese materiaal waarmee hulle in kontak kom oksideer. Hierdie oksidasieproses kan selfs genoeg warmte vrystel om sommige organiese stowwe aan die brand te steek. </p><p>In 2005 het 'n <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2005.01.043">[1]</a> studie 'n moontlike verband tussen die inaseming van mangaan en toksiese effekte op die sentrale senuweestelsel van rotte vasgestel. Daar word vermoed dat langtermynblootstelling aan die mangaan wat natuurlik in stortwater voorkom ook 'n risiko inhou. </p><p>'n Vorm van senuweestelselverval soortgelyk aan <a href="/wiki/Parkinson_se_siekte" title="Parkinson se siekte">Parkinson se siekte</a>, genaamd "manganisme" is al sedert die vroeë 19de eeu met mangaan verbind. Die sweisnywerheid is al daarvan beskuldig dat dit verantwoordelik is vir gevalle van manganisme deur die inaseming van mangaandampe. Mangaan verskyn op die OSHA se gevaarlike-stowwelys en word beheer as gevolg van sy hoë vlak van toksisiteit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sien_ook">Sien ook</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Wysig afdeling: Sien ook" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: Sien ook"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kaliumpermanganaat" title="Kaliumpermanganaat">Kaliumpermanganaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magneet" title="Magneet">Magneet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemiese_element" title="Chemiese element">Chemiese element</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Periodieke_tabel" title="Periodieke tabel">Periodieke tabel</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://periodic.lanl.gov/elements/25.html">Los Alamos National Laboratory – Artikel oor Mangaan by die Los Alamos National Laboratory se werf.</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mangaan&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons bevat media in verband met <i><b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Manganese" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Manganese">Mangaan</a></b></i>.</td></tr></tbody></table> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist">Sien <i><b><a href="https://af.wiktionary.org/wiki/mangaan" class="extiw" title="wikt:mangaan">mangaan</a></b></i> in Wiktionary, die vrye woordeboek.</td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.webelements.com/webelements/elements/text/Mn/index.html">WebElements.com – se artikel oor Mangaan</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.manganese.org/">Internasionale Mangaan Instituut</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.onlinelawyersource.com/manganese/manganese_parkinsons.html">Parkinson se siekte en Mangaan</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050724082335/http://www.onlinelawyersource.com/manganese/manganese_parkinsons.html">Geargiveer</a> 24 Julie 2005 op <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mehy.2005.01.043">Artikel oor die moontlike Neurotoksiese gevare van mangaan inaseming deur stortwater.</a></li></ul> <p><br /> </p> <table cellpadding="0" style="border-collapse:collapse; font-size:smaller; margin-top:2em; text-align:center; width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Waterstof" title="Waterstof">H</a> </td> <td style="width:93.75%" colspan="30"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Berillium" title="Berillium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Boor_(element)" title="Boor (element)">B</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Koolstof" title="Koolstof">C</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Stikstof" title="Stikstof">N</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Suurstof" title="Suurstof">O</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Fluoor" title="Fluoor">F</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Si</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">P</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Swawel" title="Swawel">S</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Chloor" title="Chloor">Cl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Titaan_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Titaan (element)">Ti</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Chroom" title="Chroom">Cr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Yster" title="Yster">Fe</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Nikkel" title="Nikkel">Ni</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Koper" title="Koper">Cu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Sink" title="Sink">Zn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" title="Gallium">Ga</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Arseen" title="Arseen">As</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#a0ffa0"><a href="/wiki/Seleen" title="Seleen">Se</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Broom" title="Broom">Br</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Sr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" title="Yttrium">Y</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Sirkonium" title="Sirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Molibdeen" title="Molibdeen">Mo</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tegnesium" title="Tegnesium">Tc</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rutenium" title="Rutenium">Ru</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">Rh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" title="Palladium">Pd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Silwer" title="Silwer">Ag</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Sn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Antimoon" title="Antimoon">Sb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Telluur" title="Telluur">Te</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffff99"><a href="/wiki/Jodium" title="Jodium">I</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">Cs</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Lantaan" title="Lantaan">La</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Serium" title="Serium">Ce</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimium" title="Praseodimium">Pr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Neodimium" title="Neodimium">Nd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Prometium" title="Prometium">Pm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Disprosium" title="Disprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Tulium" title="Tulium">Tm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" title="Ytterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffbfff"><a href="/wiki/Lutesium" title="Lutesium">Lu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Tantaal" title="Tantaal">Ta</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">Re</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" title="Platinum">Pt</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Goud" title="Goud">Au</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kwik" title="Kwik">Hg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Tallium" title="Tallium">Tl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Lood" title="Lood">Pb</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccc99"><a href="/wiki/Astaat" title="Astaat">At</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#c0ffff"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff6666"><a href="/wiki/Frankium" title="Frankium">Fr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffdead"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium">Ac</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">Th</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">Pa</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Uraan" title="Uraan">U</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Amerikium" title="Amerikium">Am</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Curium" title="Curium">Cm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornium" title="Kalifornium">Cf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Lawrensium" title="Lawrensium">Lr</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" title="Rutherfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" title="Hassium">Hs</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%B6ntgenium" title="Röntgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#ffc0c0"><a href="/wiki/Kopernikium" title="Kopernikium">Cn</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#cccccc"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Moskovium_(element)" title="Moskovium (element)">Mc</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Tennessien" title="Tennessien">Ts</a> </td> <td style="width:3.125%; border:1px solid #ddd; background:#eceaec"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" title="Oganesson">Og</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table border="1" cellpadding="1" rules="all" style="border:1px solid #fff; border-collapse:collapse; font-size: smaller; margin-top:2em; text-align:center; width:100%"> <tbody><tr> <td style="background:#ff6666" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Alkalimetaal" title="Alkalimetaal">Alkalimetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffdead" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Aardalkalimetaal" title="Aardalkalimetaal">Aardalkalimetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffbfff" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Lantanied" title="Lantanied">Lantaniede</a> </td> <td style="background:#ff99cc" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Aktinied" title="Aktinied">Aktiniede</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffc0c0" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Oorgangsmetaal" title="Oorgangsmetaal">Oorgangsmetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#cccccc" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Hoofgroepmetaal" title="Hoofgroepmetaal">Hoofgroepmetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#cccc99" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Metallo%C3%AFed" title="Metalloïed">Metalloïde</a> </td> <td style="background:#a0ffa0" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Niemetaal" title="Niemetaal">Niemetale</a> </td> <td style="background:#ffff99" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Halogeen" title="Halogeen">Halogene</a> </td> <td style="background:#c0ffff" width="9%"><a href="/wiki/Edelgasse" title="Edelgasse">Edelgasse</a> </td> <td style="background:#eceaec" width="9%">Chemie onbekend </td></tr></tbody></table> <p><br /> </p> <div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Normdata_frameless_&#124;text-top_&#124;10px_&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata_&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q731&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" 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