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Search results for: engineering skills
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</div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: engineering skills</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5909</span> The Age Difference in Social Skills Constructs for School Adaptation: A Cross-Sectional Study of Japanese Students at Elementary, Junior, and Senior High School</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiroki%20Shinkawa">Hiroki Shinkawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadaaki%20Tomiie"> Tadaaki Tomiie</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Many interventions for social skills acquisition aim to decrease the gap between social skills deficits in the individual and normative social skills; nevertheless little is known of typical social skills according to age difference in students. In this study, we developed new quintet of Hokkaido Social Skills Inventory (HSSI) in order to identify age-appropriate social skills for school adaptation. First, we selected 13 categories of social skills for school adaptation from previous studies, and created questionnaire items through discussion by 25 teachers in all three levels from elementary schools to senior high schools. Second, the factor structures of five versions of the social skills scale were investigated on 2nd grade (n = 1,864), 4th grade (n = 1,936), 6th grade (n = 2,085), 7th grade (n = 2,007), and 10th grade (n = 912) students, respectively. The exploratory factor analysis showed that a number of constructing factors of social skills increased as one’s grade in school advanced. The results in the present study can be useful to characterize the age-appropriate social skills for school adaptation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title="social skills">social skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age%20difference" title=" age difference"> age difference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=children" title=" children"> children</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title=" adolescents"> adolescents</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23635/the-age-difference-in-social-skills-constructs-for-school-adaptation-a-cross-sectional-study-of-japanese-students-at-elementary-junior-and-senior-high-school" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23635.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">396</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5908</span> The Intervention Effect of Gratitude Skills Training on the Reduction of Loneliness</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Sakai">T. Sakai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Aikawa"> A. Aikawa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study defined 'gratitude skills training' as a social skills training which would become a new intervention method about gratitude intervention. The purpose of this study was to confirm the intervention effect of gratitude skills training on the reduction of loneliness. The participants in this study were university students (n = 36). A waiting list control design was used, in which the participants were assigned either to a training group (n = 18) or a waiting list control group (n = 18); the latter group took the same training after the first group had been trained. The two-week gratitude skills training comprised of three sessions (50 minutes per each of sessions). In the three sessions, the guidebook and the homework developed in this study were used. Results showed that gratitude skills training improved the participants’ gratitude skills. The results also indicated the intervention effect of gratitude skills training on the reduction of loneliness during the follow-up after three weeks. This study suggests that gratitude skills training can reduce loneliness. The gratitude skills training has a possibility of becoming a new treatment to reduce loneliness. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gratitude%20skills" title="gratitude skills">gratitude skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=loneliness" title=" loneliness"> loneliness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills%20training" title=" social skills training"> social skills training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=well-being" title=" well-being"> well-being</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90531/the-intervention-effect-of-gratitude-skills-training-on-the-reduction-of-loneliness" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90531.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5907</span> The Study of Digital Transformation Skills and Competencies Framework at Umm Alqura University</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Anod%20H.%20Alhazmi">Anod H. Alhazmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hanaa%20A.%20Yamani"> Hanaa A. Yamani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The lack of digital transformation professionals could prevent Saudi Arabia’s universities from providing digital services. The task of understanding what digital skills are needed within an organization, measuring the existing skills, and developing or attracting talents is a complex task. This paper provides a comprehensive analysis of the digital transformation skills needed in the organizations who seek digital transformation and identifies the skills and competencies framework DigSC built on Skills Framework for the Informational Age (SFIA) framework that is adopted by the Ministry of Communications and Information Technology (MCIT) in Saudi Arabia. The framework adopted identifies the main digital transformation skills clusters, categories and levels of responsibilities for each job description to fill the gap between this requirement and the digital skills supplied by the Umm Alqura University (UQU). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competencies" title="competencies">competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20transformation" title=" digital transformation"> digital transformation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title=" framework"> framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title=" skills"> skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Umm%20Alqura%20university" title=" Umm Alqura university"> Umm Alqura university</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129686/the-study-of-digital-transformation-skills-and-competencies-framework-at-umm-alqura-university" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129686.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">186</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5906</span> A New Profile of Engineer: From Management Engineering to Entrepreneurial Engineering</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roberto%20Cerchione">Roberto Cerchione</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emilio%20Esposito"> Emilio Esposito</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mario%20Raffa"> Mario Raffa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relevance and the strategic importance of engineering skills in innovation and in the development of businesses and organizations push to investigate the role of the engineer in society today. In the twentieth century the emergence of a variety of technical and scientific knowledge has led to the rise of new areas of skills going from a "all-comprehensive" engineering to an engineering characterized by many specializations. Organizational and structural changes within companies and the emergence of an industrial society based on multiple interrelationships led to the transformation of engineering education. The objective of this work is to report main steps and many pioneering experiences, both national and international, that have led to establish a graduate degree program in Engineering Management and its subsequent evolution in Entrepreneurial Engineering. The first section of this article focuses on the origins and precursors of Engineering Management education. The second section concerns main Italian education programs. Then the attention is focused on the evolution of Engineering Management in Naples, on the intersectoral nature of this degree program, on the relationship with business community, associations, labor market, small businesses and environment. Finally, the discussion of recent years about the skills that characterize entrepreneurial engineer in society are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title="education">education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20management" title=" engineering management"> engineering management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreunerial%20engineering" title=" entrepreunerial engineering"> entrepreunerial engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20skills" title=" engineering skills"> engineering skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=managerial%20skills" title=" managerial skills"> managerial skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurial%20skills" title=" entrepreneurial skills"> entrepreneurial skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18102/a-new-profile-of-engineer-from-management-engineering-to-entrepreneurial-engineering" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/18102.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">487</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5905</span> Analysis of Farm Management Skills in Broiler Poultry Producers in Botswana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Som%20Pal%20Baliyan">Som Pal Baliyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this quantitative study was to analyze farm management skills in broiler poultryproducers in Botswana. The study adopted a descriptive and correlation research design. The population of the study was the poultry farm operators who had been in broiler poultry farming at least for two years. Based on the information from literature, a questionnaire was constructed for data collection on seven areas of farm management skills namely; planning skills, accounting and financial management skills, production management skills, product procurement and marketing skills, decision making skills, risk management skills, and specific technical skills. The validity and reliability of the questionnaire were accomplished by a panel of experts and by calculating the Cronbach’s alpha coefficient, respectively. Data were collected through a survey of 60 randomly sampled poultry farm operators in Botswana. Data were analyzed through descriptive statistical tools whereby the level of farm management skills were determined by calculating means and standard deviations of the management skills among the broiler producers. The level of farm management skills in broilers producers was discussed. All the seven farm management skills were ranked based on their calculated means. The specific technical skills and risk management skills were the highest and the lowest ranked farm management skills, respectively.Findings revealed that the broiler producers had skills above the average level only in specific technical skills whereas the skill levels in the remaining six farm management skills under study were found below the average level. This prevailing low level of farm management skills can be justified asthe cause of failure or poor performance of the broiler poultry farms in Botswana. Therefore, in order to improve the efficiency and productivityin broiler production in the country, it was recommended that the broiler poultry producers should be adequately trained in areas of planning skills, financial management skills, production management skills, product procurement and marketing skills, decision making skills and risk management skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=poultry%20production" title="poultry production">poultry production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=broiler%20production" title=" broiler production"> broiler production</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management%20skills" title=" management skills"> management skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=levels%20of%20skills" title=" levels of skills"> levels of skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36860/analysis-of-farm-management-skills-in-broiler-poultry-producers-in-botswana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36860.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">400</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5904</span> IT Skills and Soft Skills for Accountants in Thailand</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manirath%20Wongsim">Manirath Wongsim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Information technology management has become important for the achievement of organisations. An increase in the pace of technological change has revolutionised the way accountants perform their jobs. In response to this challenge, the identification of a new comprehensive set of information technology competencies combined with information technology skills and other skills (namely, soft skills) are necessary. Thus, this study aims to investigate IT competencies among professional accountants to enhance firm performance. This research was conducted with 42 respondents at ten organisations in Thailand. This research used qualitative, interpretive evidence.The results indicate that the factor IT competencies within the organizational issues defines19 factors. Specifically, these new factors, based on the research findings and the literature and unique to IT competences for professional accountants, include ERP software skills, BI software skills and accounting law and legal skills. The evidence in this study suggests that ERP software, spreadsheets, BI software and accounting software were ranked as much-needed skills to be acquired by accountants while communication skills were ranked as the most required skills, and delegation skills as the least required. The findings of the research’s empirical evidence suggest that organizations should understand appropriate into developing information technology related competencies for knowledge workers in general and professional accountants in particular and provide assistance in all processes of decision making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20competencies" title="IT competencies">IT competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20competencies%20for%20accountants" title=" IT competencies for accountants"> IT competencies for accountants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20skills%20for%20accounting" title=" IT skills for accounting"> IT skills for accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20skills%20for%20accountants" title=" soft skills for accountants"> soft skills for accountants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41941/it-skills-and-soft-skills-for-accountants-in-thailand" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">415</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5903</span> Using Presentation as a Means to Develop Communication Skills of Engineering Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Urvashi%20Kaushal">Urvashi Kaushal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With the entry of multinationals in India, engineering students of Indian universities have opportunity to work with the best and the most innovative industries in the world, but in order to compete in the global job market, they require an added competence of communication skills in English. With work places turning global, competence in English can provide the Indian student the added advantage to begin his/her career in the international market. The present method of teaching English in any engineering college across Gujarat mostly concentrates on developing writing, and reading skills. Developing speech becomes a secondary topic owing to the old trend of lecturing in the class room and the huge strength of the class. This paper aims to highlight the importance of improving speaking skills of engineering students. It also insists that presentations can be used as a viable method to enhance the communication skills of these students. Presentations force students to plan, prepare, practice and perfect their communication skills which will enable them to get a foothold in the industry. The paper also discusses one such experiment carried out at the author’s institute and the response it received. Further, such experimental language learning approach is bound to have some limitations and obstacles. The paper suggests ways to overcome such limitations and strives to develop an interesting means of developing communication skills of the engineering students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering" title="engineering">engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English" title=" English"> English</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=presentation" title=" presentation"> presentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20skills" title=" communication skills"> communication skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9043/using-presentation-as-a-means-to-develop-communication-skills-of-engineering-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/9043.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">441</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5902</span> Management Competency in Logistical Function: The Skills That Will Master a Logistical Manager</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fatima%20Ibnchahid">Fatima Ibnchahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Competence approach is considered, since the early 80's as one of the major development of HR policies. Many approaches to manage the professional skills were declined. Some processes are mature whereas the others have been abandoned. Competence can be defined as the set of knowledge (theoretical and practical), know-how (experience) and life skills (personality traits) mobilized by a person in the company. The skills must master a logistics manager are divided into two main categories: depending on whether technical skills, or managerial skills and human. The firsts are broken down into skills on logistical techniques and on general skills in business, seconds in social skills (self with others) and personal (with oneself). Logisticians are faced with new challenges and new constraints that are revolutionizing the way to treat the physical movement of goods and operations related to information flows that trigger, they control and guide the physical movements of these major changes, we can mention the development of information technology and communication, the emergence of strong environmental and security constraints. These changes have important effects on the skills needs of the members of the logistical function and sensitive development for training requested by logistical managers to perform better in their job changes. In this article, we will address two main points, first, a brief overview of the management skills and secondly answer the question asked in the title of the article to know what are the skills that will master a logistical manager. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title="skills">skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competence" title=" competence"> competence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title=" management"> management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=logistical%20function" title=" logistical function"> logistical function</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14953/management-competency-in-logistical-function-the-skills-that-will-master-a-logistical-manager" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14953.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">281</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5901</span> The Effects of Big 6+6 Skill Training on Daily Living Skills for an Adolescent with Intellectual Disability</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Luca%20Vascelli">Luca Vascelli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Iacomini"> Silvia Iacomini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giada%20Gueli"> Giada Gueli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesca%20Cavallini"> Francesca Cavallini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlo%20Cavallini"> Carlo Cavallini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Federica%20Berardo"> Federica Berardo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The study was conducted to evaluate the effect of training on Big 6 + 6 motor skills to promote daily living skills. Precision teaching (PT) suggests that improved speed of the component behaviors can lead to better performance of composite skills. This study assessed the effects of the repeated timed practice of component motor skills on speed and accuracy of composite skills related to daily living skills. An 18 years old adolescent with intellectual disability participated. A pre post probe single-subject design was used. The results suggest that the participant was able to perform the component skills at his individual aims (endurance was assessed). The speed and accuracy of composite skills were increased; stability and retention were also measured for the composite skill after the training. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%206%2B6" title="big 6+6">big 6+6</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=daily%20living%20skills" title=" daily living skills"> daily living skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intellectual%20disability" title=" intellectual disability"> intellectual disability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=precision%20teaching" title=" precision teaching"> precision teaching</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115648/the-effects-of-big-66-skill-training-on-daily-living-skills-for-an-adolescent-with-intellectual-disability" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115648.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">154</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5900</span> A Project-Based Learning Approach in the Course of 'Engineering Skills' for Undergraduate Engineering Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armin%20Eilaghi">Armin Eilaghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ahmad%20Sedaghat"> Ahmad Sedaghat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hayder%20Abdurazzak"> Hayder Abdurazzak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadi%20Alkhatib"> Fadi Alkhatib</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shiva%20Sadeghi"> Shiva Sadeghi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Jaeger"> Martin Jaeger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A summary of experiences, recommendations, and lessons learnt in the application of PBL in the course of “Engineering Skills” in the School of Engineering at Australian College of Kuwait in Kuwait is presented. Four projects were introduced as part of the PBL course “Engineering Skills” to 24 students in School of Engineering. These students were grouped in 6 teams to develop their skills in 10 learning outcomes. The learning outcomes targeted skills such as drawing, design, modeling, manufacturing and analysis at a preliminary level; and also some life line learning and teamwork skills as these students were exposed for the first time to the PBL (project based learning). The students were assessed for 10 learning outcomes of the course and students’ feedback was collected using an anonymous survey at the end of the course. Analyzing the students’ feedbacks, it is observed that 67% of students preferred multiple smaller projects than a single big project because it provided them with more time and attention focus to improve their “soft skills” including project management, risk assessment, and failure analysis. Moreover, it is found that 63% of students preferred to work with different team members during the course to improve their professional communication skills. Among all, 62% of students believed that working with team members from other departments helped them to increase the innovative aspect of projects and improved their overall performance. However, 70% of students counted extra time needed to regenerate momentum with the new teams as the major challenge. Project based learning provided a suitable platform for introducing students to professional engineering practice and meeting the needs of students, employers and educators. It was found that students achieved their 10 learning outcomes and gained new skills developed in this PBL unit. This was reflected in their portfolios and assessment survey. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=project-based%20learning" title="project-based learning">project-based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20skills" title=" engineering skills"> engineering skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undergraduate%20engineering" title=" undergraduate engineering"> undergraduate engineering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=problem-based%20learning" title=" problem-based learning"> problem-based learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100014/a-project-based-learning-approach-in-the-course-of-engineering-skills-for-undergraduate-engineering-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100014.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5899</span> Assessing a Potential Conceive Design Implement Operate Curricular Change in an Engineering Degree</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Miranda">L. Miranda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The requirements of the engineering education are nowadays very broad and demand a set of skills which demands not only technical knowledge but also the ability to lead and innovate and personal and interpersonal skills. A framework for the assessment of a potential curricular change is necessary to guide the analysis of the program with respect to the stakeholders and the legislation of the country, in order to develop appropriate learning outcomes. A Conceive-Design-Implement-Operate (CDIO) approach was chosen for an evaluation conducted in a mechanical engineering degree in Brazil. The work consisted in the application of a survey with students and professors and a literature review of the legislation and studies that raised the required competences and skills for the modern engineer. The results show a great potential for a CDIO set of skills in engineering degrees in Brazil and reveal the frequent demands of stakeholders before a curricular change. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=curriculum%20change" title="curriculum change">curriculum change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conceive%20design%20implement%20operate" title=" conceive design implement operate"> conceive design implement operate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accreditation" title=" accreditation"> accreditation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=personal%20and%20interpersonal%20skills" title=" personal and interpersonal skills"> personal and interpersonal skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2687/assessing-a-potential-conceive-design-implement-operate-curricular-change-in-an-engineering-degree" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2687.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">362</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5898</span> Skills Needed Amongst Secondary School Students for Artificial Intelligence Development in Southeast Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chukwuma%20Mgboji">Chukwuma Mgboji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Since the advent of Artificial Intelligence, robots have become a major stay in developing societies. Robots are deployed in Education, Health, Food and in other spheres of life. Nigeria a country in West Africa has a very low profile in the advancement of Artificial Intelligence especially in the grass roots. The benefits of Artificial intelligence are not fully maximised and harnessed. Advances in artificial intelligence are perceived as impossible or observed as irrelevant. This study seeks to ascertain the needed skills for the development of artificialintelligence amongst secondary schools in Nigeria. The study focused on South East Nigeria with Five states namely Imo, Abia, Ebonyi, Anambra and Enugu. The sample size is 1000 students drawn from Five Government owned Universities offering Computer Science, Computer Education, Electronics Engineering across the Five South East states. Survey method was used to solicit responses from respondents. The findings from the study identified mathematical skills, analytical skills, problem solving skills, computing skills, programming skills, algorithm skills amongst others. The result of this study to the best of the author’s knowledge will be highly beneficial to all stakeholders involved in the advancements and development of artificial intelligence. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=secondary%20school" title=" secondary school"> secondary school</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotics" title=" robotics"> robotics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title=" skills"> skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148287/skills-needed-amongst-secondary-school-students-for-artificial-intelligence-development-in-southeast-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5897</span> The Effectiveness of Social Story with the Help Smart Board use to Teach Social Skills for Preschool Children with ASD</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilay%20Akgun%20Giray">Dilay Akgun Giray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Basic insuffiency spaces of ASD diagnosed individuals can be grouped as cognitive and academic characteristics, communicational characteristics, social characteristics and emotional characteristics. Referring to the features that children with ASD exhibit on social events, it is clear they have limitations for several social skills. One of the evidence based practices which has been developed and used for the limitations of definite social skills for individuals with autism is “Social Story Method”. Social stories was designed and applied for the first time in 1991, a special education teacher, in order to acquire social skills and improve the existing social skills for children with ASD. Many studies have revealed the effectiveness of social stories for teaching the social skills to individuals with ASD. In this study, three social skills that the child ,who was diagnosed ASD, is going to need primarily will be studied with smart board. This study is multiple probe across-behavior design which is one of the single subject research models. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=authism%20spectrum%20disorders" title="authism spectrum disorders">authism spectrum disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title=" social skills"> social skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20story" title=" social story"> social story</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smart%20board" title=" smart board"> smart board</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31066/the-effectiveness-of-social-story-with-the-help-smart-board-use-to-teach-social-skills-for-preschool-children-with-asd" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31066.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5896</span> Analysing Stem Student Interests in Developing Critical Thinking Skills in Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Ramzan">Muhammad Ramzan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> STEM Education and Critical Thinking Skills are important 21st-century skills. STEM Education is necessary to promote secondary school students’ critical thinking skills. These skills are critical for teachers to respond to students. Pakistan is in the preliminary stages of integrating STEM Education in institutions like other developing countries. Unfortunately, most secondary school students in Pakistan are unaware of STEM Education and teachers are not applying critical thinking skills in classrooms. The study's objectives mainly deal with; to identify the importance of STEM Education in the teaching-learning process; to find out the factors affecting critical thinking skills that can develop interest in students in STEM Education and suggestions on how to improve critical thinking skills in students regarding STEM Education. This study was descriptive. The population of the study was secondary school students. Data was collected from 200 secondary school students through a questionnaire. The research results show that critical thinking skills develop interest in students towards STEM Education. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=STEM%20education" title="STEM education">STEM education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers" title=" teachers"> teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students" title=" students"> students</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=critical%20thinking%20skills" title=" critical thinking skills"> critical thinking skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching%20and%20learning%20process" title=" teaching and learning process"> teaching and learning process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186778/analysing-stem-student-interests-in-developing-critical-thinking-skills-in-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186778.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">43</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5895</span> Assessing Soft Skills In Accounting Programmes: Insights From South African University Lecturers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dolly%20Nyaguthii%20Wanjau">Dolly Nyaguthii Wanjau</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study contributes to our understanding of how lecturers assess soft skills in accounting programmes, with the intention of producing graduates that are better prepared for the world of work. Insights were obtained through semi-structured interviews with twelve South African universities that offer chartered accountant training and accredited by SAICA. It was found that the lecturers assessed soft skills using traditional methods of assessments such as tests, assignments, and examinations. However, there were missed opportunities to embrace ICT tools in the assessment process, and this could be attributed to a lack of resources within the participating universities. Given the increasing use of digital tools for business activities, it is important that ICT tools be embraced as an inseparable part of soft skills because employers are increasingly looking for accounting graduates with digital skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accounting" title="accounting">accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=assessment" title=" assessment"> assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ICT%20skills" title=" ICT skills"> ICT skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SAICA" title=" SAICA"> SAICA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soft%20skills" title=" soft skills"> soft skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155213/assessing-soft-skills-in-accounting-programmes-insights-from-south-african-university-lecturers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/155213.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5894</span> Classification of High Order Thinking Skills (HOTS)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammed%20Alkiyumi">Mohammed Alkiyumi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Educational systems are currently paying special attention to developing learners' higher thinking skills to develop the capabilities of human resources to deal with contemporary challenges. Although psychologists disagree about the concept of higher-order thinking skills and the skills they include, there is unlimited effort in designing them and building strategies for their implementation. The most important factor helping to develop these skills is their classification according to specific criteria, and the most important of these classifications is Bloom's classification, which is dominant in most educational systems at all levels. Previous classifications have many limitations, including the comprehensiveness of the skills they contain, the logical structure of their hierarchy, and classification criteria. Therefore, this article puts another step in this area by providing a new classification of higher-order thinking skills that includes five categories: the first response stage, transformative stage, application, reasoning stage, and the production stage with a logical justification for this classification, with some techniques to developing it among learners. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high-order%20thinking%20skills" title="high-order thinking skills">high-order thinking skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title=" classification"> classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=education" title=" education"> education</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187723/classification-of-high-order-thinking-skills-hots" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/187723.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">42</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5893</span> Metacognition Skill on Collaborative Study with Self Evaluation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suratno">Suratno</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metacognition thinking skills should be developed early on in learning. The aim of research builds metacognition thinking skills through collaborative learning with self-evaluation. Approach to action research study involving 32 middle school students in Jember Indonesia. Indicators metacognition skills consist of planning, information management strategies, comprehension monitoring, and debugging strategies. Data were analyzed by t test and analysis of instructional videos. Results of the study here were significant differences in metacognition skills before and after the implementation of collaborative learning with self-evaluation. Analysis instructional video showing the difference artifacts of student learning activities to learning before and after implementation of collaborative learning with self-evaluation. Self-evaluation makes students familiar practice thinking skills metacognition. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=metacognition" title="metacognition">metacognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=collaborative" title=" collaborative"> collaborative</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evaluation" title=" evaluation"> evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thinking%20skills" title=" thinking skills"> thinking skills</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34574/metacognition-skill-on-collaborative-study-with-self-evaluation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34574.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">361</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5892</span> Training the Competences for the 'Expert Teacher': A Framework of Skills for Teachers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Cramerotti">Sofia Cramerotti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Angela%20Cattoni"> Angela Cattoni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Biancato"> Laura Biancato</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dario%20Ianes"> Dario Ianes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The recognition of specific standards for new professionals, within the teaching profile, is a necessary process in order to foster an innovative school vision in accordance with the change that school is experiencing. In line with the reform of the national education and training system and with the National Training Plan for teachers, our Research and Development department developed a training project based on a framework (Syllabus) of skills that each 'Expert Teacher' should master in order to fulfill what the different specific profiles request. The syllabus is a fundamental tool for a training process consistent with the teaching profiles, both to guide the to-become teachers entering in service and to provide the in-service teachers with a system of evaluation and improvement of their skills. According to the national and international literature about professional standards for teachers, we aggregated the skills of the syllabus in three macro areas: (1) Area of professional skills related to the teacher profile and their continuous training; (2) area of teaching skills related to the school innovation; (3) area of organizing skills related to school participation for its improvement. The syllabus is a framework that identifies and describes the skills of the expert teacher in all of their roles. However, the various skills take on different importance in the different profiles involved in the school; some of those skills are determining a role, others could be secondary. Therefore, the characterization of the different profiles is represented by suitably weighted skills sets. In this way, the same skill could differently characterize each profile. In the future, we hope that the skills development and training for the teacher could evolve in a skills development and training for the whole school staff ('Expert Team'). In this perspective, the school will, therefore, benefit from a solid team, in which the skills of the various profiles are all properly developed and well represented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=framework" title="framework">framework</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skills" title=" skills"> skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teachers" title=" teachers"> teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90160/training-the-competences-for-the-expert-teacher-a-framework-of-skills-for-teachers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/90160.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">180</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5891</span> The Results of Research Based-Learning for Developing the Learning and Innovation Skills of Undergraduate Students</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jatuphum%20Ketchatturat">Jatuphum Ketchatturat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The objective of this research was to study the learning and innovation skills of undergraduate students after Research-Based Learning had been applied. Eighty research participants were selected from undergraduate students enrolled in Educational Research Program using the Purposive Sampling Method. Research Methodology was Descriptive Research, the research took one semester to complete. The research instruments consisted of (1) Research Skill Assessment Form, (2) Research Quality Assessment Form, (3) Scale of learning and innovation skills 25 items. The quantitative data were analysed using descriptive statistics including, frequency, percentage, average and standard deviation. The qualitative data were analyzed using content analysis. The research results were (1) The students were able to conduct research that focused on educational research, which has a fair to the excellent level of standards of a research learning outcome, research skills, and research quality. The student’s learning and innovation skills have relating to research skills and research quality. (2) The findings found that the students have been developed to be learning and innovation skills such as systematic thinking, analytical thinking, critical thinking, creative problem solving, collaborative, research-creation, communication, and knowledge and experience sharing to friends, community and society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20and%20innovation%20skills" title="learning and innovation skills">learning and innovation skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20based%20learning" title=" research based learning"> research based learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20skills" title=" research skills"> research skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=undergraduate%20students" title=" undergraduate students"> undergraduate students</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87819/the-results-of-research-based-learning-for-developing-the-learning-and-innovation-skills-of-undergraduate-students" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5890</span> The Model Development of Caregiver Skills for the End of Life’s Cancer Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaliya%20Wamaloon">Chaliya Wamaloon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malee%20Chaisaena"> Malee Chaisaena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nusara%20Prasertsri"> Nusara Prasertsri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Informal caregivers providing home-based palliative and end-of-life (EOL) care to people with advanced cancer is needed, however, there has not been develop caregiver skills for the EOL in cancer patients. The aim of this research was to study the model development of caregiver skills for the EOL in cancer patients. Mixed methods research was conducted in 3 phases. All subjects were in Ubon Rathchathani Cancer Hospital including 30 EOL cancer patient caregivers, 30 EOL cancer patients, and 111 health care professionals who provided care for the EOL cancer patients and 30 EOL target participants who had been trained to be cancer patient caregivers. The research tools were questionnaires, semi structured interviews, and caregiver skills questionnaires. Data were analyzed by using percentage, mean, standard deviation, pair t-test, and content analysis. The result from this study showed the model development of caregiver skills for cancer patients consisted of 9 domains skills: 1. monitoring, 2. interpreting, 3. making decisions, 4. taking action, 5. making adjustments, 6. providing hands-on care, 7. accessing resources, 8. working together with the ill patients, and 9. navigating the healthcare system. The model composed of skills development curriculum for cancer patient caregivers, Manual of palliative care for caregivers, diary of health care records for cancer patients, and the evaluation model of development of caregiver skills for EOL cancer patients. The results of the evaluation in the development model of caregiver skills for EOL cancer patients showed that the caregivers were satisfied with the model of development for caregiver skills at a high level. The comparison of the caregiver skills before and after obtaining the development of caregivers skills revealed that it improved at a statistically significant level (p < 0.05). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caregiver" title="caregiver">caregiver</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caregiver%20skills" title=" caregiver skills"> caregiver skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer%20patients" title=" cancer patients"> cancer patients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=end%20of%20life" title=" end of life"> end of life</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100210/the-model-development-of-caregiver-skills-for-the-end-of-lifes-cancer-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100210.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">168</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5889</span> Comparison of Parent’s Treatment and Education Priorities between Verbal and Non-Verbal Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder in Iranian Families</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Elanz%20Alimi">Elanz Alimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Ghanadzade"> Mehdi Ghanadzade</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This current study compared the parents reported treatment and education priorities between verbal and nonverbal children with an autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Participants were 196 parents of 2 to 21-year-old (83 non-verbal and 113 verbal) children and adolescents with an ASD who completed questionnaires measuring parent’s treatment and education priorities, child’s educational and intervention programs and current child’s level of performance according to each skill. Results of this study indicated that parents of verbal children with autism spectrum disorder considered communication skills, community living skills and academic skills correspondingly as their highest intervention and education priorities and parents of non-verbal children with ASD reported communication skills, social relationship skills and self-care skills as the most significant priorities for their children. Findings show that for Iranian parents of both verbal and non-verbal children with ASD, communication skills are the most crucial treatment priority. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=autism" title="autism">autism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=communication%20skills" title=" communication skills"> communication skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iran" title=" Iran"> Iran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=parent%E2%80%99s%20priorities" title=" parent’s priorities"> parent’s priorities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89142/comparison-of-parents-treatment-and-education-priorities-between-verbal-and-non-verbal-children-with-autism-spectrum-disorder-in-iranian-families" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/89142.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">215</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5888</span> Information Technology Competences for Professional Accountants in Thai Small to Medium Accounting Practice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manirath%20Wongsim">Manirath Wongsim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chatchawarn%20Srimontree"> Chatchawarn Srimontree</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pornpichit%20Phosri"> Pornpichit Phosri</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Today, the majority of the data innovation may be currently majorly influencing business, what more accepted part of the accountant may be evolving. Information Technology elements have been appearing to be crucial in triggering changes of accountants’ roles. Thus, this study aims to investigate IT competencies among professional accountants to enhance firm performance. This research was conducted with 47 respondents at five organizations in Thailand and used quantitative research. The results indicate that the factor IT competencies for professional accountants in Thai small to medium accounting within the organizational issues defines18 factors. Specifically, these new factors, based on the research findings and the literature, then unique to IT competencies for professional accountants, include ERP software skills and accounting law and legal skills. The evidence in this study suggests that Analytical skills, teamwork skills, and accounting software were ranked as much-needed skills to be acquired by accountants while communication skills were ranked as the most required skills and delegation skills as the least required. The findings of the research’s empirical evidence suggest that organizations should understand appropriate in developing information technology influence competencies for knowledge employees in general and professional accountants in particular and provide assistance in all processes of decision making. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20competencies" title="IT competencies">IT competencies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20competences%20for%20professional%20accountants" title=" IT competences for professional accountants"> IT competences for professional accountants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20skills%20for%20accounting" title=" IT skills for accounting"> IT skills for accounting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=IT%20skills%20in%20SMEs" title=" IT skills in SMEs"> IT skills in SMEs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67317/information-technology-competences-for-professional-accountants-in-thai-small-to-medium-accounting-practice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67317.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">231</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5887</span> The Impact of Life Skills in the Educational Context on the Integration Processes of Migrants</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hala%20Abdulhafiz">Hala Abdulhafiz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Steffi%20Robak"> Steffi Robak</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Refugees often arrive in Germany with traumatic experiences, leading to psy-chosocial challenges. According to the World Health Organization's definition, psychosocial life skills help individuals effectively cope with everyday challenges and enhance their overall health and well-being. This study explores life skills acquired in integration courses and their impact on the integration of Syrian migrants. Methods: Qualitative expert interviews identified crucial life skills for successful integration, followed by a qualitative content analysis of integration course textbooks. Additionally, written interviews with former participants of integration courses were conducted. Results: Expert interviews highlighted the significance of communication skills and problem-solving abilities in promoting integration. Emotional and stress management, however, ranked lower in the hierarchy of essential life skills. While many highlighted life skills were addressed and encouraged in textbooks, there was a deficiency in opportunities to strengthen empathy, creativity, emotions, and stress management. The participant survey revealed that respondents possessed some of the defined life skills positively affecting their integration. However, there was a need for enhancing self-esteem, and many struggled with handling emotions and stress situations. Conclusion: The analyzed life skills should be further developed through educational programs and initiatives, with increased emphasis on textbooks. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=life%20skills" title="life skills">life skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration" title=" integration"> integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=migration" title=" migration"> migration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integration%20course" title=" integration course"> integration course</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177983/the-impact-of-life-skills-in-the-educational-context-on-the-integration-processes-of-migrants" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177983.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">78</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5886</span> The Influence of Emotional Intelligence Skills on Innovative Start-Ups Coaching: A Neuro-Management Approach</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alina%20Parincu">Alina Parincu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Giuseppe%20Empoli"> Giuseppe Empoli</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexandru%20Capatina"> Alexandru Capatina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this paper is to identify the most influential predictors of emotional intelligence skills, in the case of 20 business innovation coaches, on the co-creation of knowledge through coaching services delivered to innovative start-ups from Europe, funded through Horizon 2020 – SME Instrument. We considered the emotional intelligence skills (self-awareness, self-regulation, motivation, empathy and social skills) as antecedent conditions of the outcome: the quality of coaching services, perceived by the entrepreneurs who received funding within SME instrument, using fuzzy-sets qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) approach. The findings reveal that emotional intelligence skills, trained with neuro-management techniques, were associated with increased goal-focused business coaching skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuro-management" title="neuro-management">neuro-management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovative%20start-ups" title=" innovative start-ups"> innovative start-ups</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20coaching" title=" business coaching"> business coaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fsQCA" title=" fsQCA"> fsQCA</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105771/the-influence-of-emotional-intelligence-skills-on-innovative-start-ups-coaching-a-neuro-management-approach" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105771.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5885</span> Social Skills for Students with and without Learning Disabilities in Primary Education in Saudi Arabia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omer%20Agail">Omer Agail</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this study was to assess the social skills of students with and without learning disabilities in primary education in Saudi Arabia. A Social Skills Rating Scale for Teachers Form (SSRS-TF) was used to evaluate students' social skills as perceived by teachers. A randomly-selected sample was chosen from students with and without learning disabilities. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the demographic characteristics of participants. Analysis indicated that there were statistically significant differences in SSRS-TF by academic status, i.e. students with learning disabilities exhibit less social skills compared to students without learning disabilities. In addition, analysis indicated that there were no statistically significant differences in SSRS-TF by gender. A conclusion and recommendations are presented. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=primary%20education" title="primary education">primary education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%20with%20learning%20disabilities" title=" students with learning disabilities"> students with learning disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20skills" title=" social skills"> social skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20competence" title=" social competence"> social competence</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74351/social-skills-for-students-with-and-without-learning-disabilities-in-primary-education-in-saudi-arabia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74351.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5884</span> To Estimate the Association between Visual Stress and Visual Perceptual Skills</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vijay%20Reena%20Durai">Vijay Reena Durai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krithica%20Srinivasan"> Krithica Srinivasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: The two fundamental skills involved in the growth and wellbeing of any child can be categorized into visual motor and perceptual skills. Visual stress is a disorder which is characterized by visual discomfort, blurred vision, misspelling words, skipping lines, letters bunching together. There is a need to understand the deficits in perceptual skills among children with visual stress. Aim: To estimate the association between visual stress and visual perceptual skills Objective: To compare visual perceptual skills of children with and without visual stress Methodology: Children between 8 to 15 years of age participated in this cross-sectional study. All children with monocular visual acuity better than or equal to 6/6 were included. Visual perceptual skills were measured using test for visual perceptual skills (TVPS) tool. Reading speed was measured with the chosen colored overlay using Wilkins reading chart and pattern glare score was estimated using a 3cpd gratings. Visual stress was defined as change in reading speed of greater than or equal to 10% and a pattern glare score of greater than or equal to 4. Results: 252 children participated in this study and the male: female ratio of 3:2. Majority of the children preferred Magenta (28%) and Yellow (25%) colored overlay for reading. There was a significant difference between the two groups (MD=1.24±0.6) (p<0.04, 95% CI 0.01-2.43) only in the sequential memory skills. The prevalence of visual stress in this group was found to be 31% (n=78). Binary logistic regression showed that odds ratio of having poor visual perceptual skills was OR: 2.85 (95% CI 1.08-7.49) among children with visual stress. Conclusion: Children with visual stress are found to have three times poorer visual perceptual skills than children without visual stress. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20stress" title="visual stress">visual stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=visual%20perceptual%20skills" title=" visual perceptual skills"> visual perceptual skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colored%20overlay" title=" colored overlay"> colored overlay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20glare" title=" pattern glare"> pattern glare</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41580/to-estimate-the-association-between-visual-stress-and-visual-perceptual-skills" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41580.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">388</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5883</span> Recognition of International Internships for Students at European Level</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tiron-Tudor%20Adriana">Tiron-Tudor Adriana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ciolomic%20Ioana"> Ciolomic Ioana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farcas%20Teodora"> Farcas Teodora</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The mission of a business school is to train students for business careers in which practical skills- based on theoretical knowledge- are needed. These skills include a thorough knowledge of languages, creative skills, and well-founded professional and practical knowledge. With those skills, the graduates are highly competitive in the labour market. The paper objective is to disseminate the results of an international project by revealing how a HEI are prepared for higher vocational training course leading to professional diplomas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vocational%20education" title="vocational education">vocational education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20schools" title=" business schools"> business schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20projects" title=" international projects"> international projects</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=HEI" title=" HEI"> HEI</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35198/recognition-of-international-internships-for-students-at-european-level" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35198.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">410</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5882</span> Ranking of Employability Skills from Employers' Perspective against Outcome Based Education Criteria for Engineering Graduates: A Case Study of Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20Pervez%20Mughal">Mohammad Pervez Mughal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huma%20Shazadi"> Huma Shazadi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pakistan became a full signatory to the Washington Accord in June 2017, with the expectation that undergraduate engineering programs will be recognized by other signatory countries. Pakistan's accrediting body, the Pakistan Engineering Council (PEC), has distributed 12 Program Learning Outcomes (PLOs) under Outcome Based Education (OBE) criteria for engineering institutions in Pakistan to follow. However, no research has been conducted to rank graduates' employability skills in relation to these PLOs from the perspective of potential employers. The current work makes a concerted effort to rank the skills required by employers, which include both technical and non-technical skill sets. A survey was conducted throughout Pakistan to validate the relative importance of employability skills. 198 HR personnel, 1554 graduating students, 1540 alumni, and 267 faculty members provided valid responses, which were analyzed. According to the findings, ethics, communication, and lifelong learning are the most important attributes of engineering graduates' employability in the eyes of employers. Graduating students, alumni, and faculty's differential prospects are also presented and compared to employers' perspectives. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employability%20skills" title="employability skills">employability skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employers%27%20perspective" title=" employers' perspective"> employers' perspective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outcome-based%20education" title=" outcome-based education"> outcome-based education</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20graduates" title=" engineering graduates"> engineering graduates</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149839/ranking-of-employability-skills-from-employers-perspective-against-outcome-based-education-criteria-for-engineering-graduates-a-case-study-of-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/149839.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">117</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5881</span> Developing EFL Research Skills of Pre-Master Students through a Suggested Quest Based Learning Strategy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Heba%20Mustafa%20Abdullah">Heba Mustafa Abdullah</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The research aimed at examining the effect of a using a quest based learning strategy on developing EFL Pre-Master Students. The study adopted the quasi-experimental design. The sample of the research consists of a group of 30 students enrolled in Pre-Master program, Curriculum and EFL Instruction Department, Faculty of Graduate Studies in Education Tools of the study included a EFL research skills checklist and EFL research skills test. Results revealed that there were statistically significant differences at 0.01 levels with regard to some research skills. Results were discussed in relation to several factors that affected the language learning process. Finally, the research provided beneficial contributions in relation to manipulating e-learning technologies in general and Quest based learning strategy in particular with respect to EFL research skills. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20as%20foreign%20language" title="English as foreign language">English as foreign language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-Learning" title=" e-Learning"> e-Learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=research%20skills" title=" research skills"> research skills</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quest%20based%20learning" title=" quest based learning"> quest based learning</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35747/developing-efl-research-skills-of-pre-master-students-through-a-suggested-quest-based-learning-strategy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/35747.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">443</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5880</span> Hong Kong Chinese-Speaking Adolescents Diagnosed with Dyslexia: What Is and Is Not Improved?</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kevin%20Kien%20Hoa%20Chung">Kevin Kien Hoa Chung</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study was to investigate cognitive-linguistic skills that might distinguish the improved dyslexics from the non-improved dyslexics. Twenty-eight improved dyslexics and 28 non-improved dyslexics were selected from a pool of 254 students diagnosed as dyslexics in Grade 1 to 2. These students were administered measures: morphological skills, visual-orthographic skills, rapid naming skills, working memory, reading comprehension, writing, word reading, word dictation, and one-minute word reading. Findings showed that the improved dyslexics performed better than the non-improved dyslexics in visual-orthographic skills, word reading, one-minute reading, writing, and reading comprehension. Furthermore, the improved dyslexics showed fewer cognitive-linguistic deficits compared with the non-improved dyslexics. Among the 4 cognitive-linguistic measures, morphological skills and visual-orthographic skills showed the greatest power in discriminating the improved and non-improved dyslexics. Results underscore the importance of cognitive-linguistic skills underlying the manifestations of the improved and non-improved dyslexia in Chinese adolescents. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adolescents" title="adolescents">adolescents</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chinese%20language" title=" chinese language"> chinese language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=improved%20dyslexics" title=" improved dyslexics"> improved dyslexics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-improved%20dyslexics" title=" non-improved dyslexics"> non-improved dyslexics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36331/hong-kong-chinese-speaking-adolescents-diagnosed-with-dyslexia-what-is-and-is-not-improved" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36331.pdf" target="_blank" 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