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毛乌素沙地边缘种出“吨粮田”
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"> <html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"> <head> <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html;charset=UTF-8"/> <meta http-equiv="Content-Language" content="utf-8" /> <meta content="all" name="robots" /> <title>毛乌素沙地边缘种出“吨粮田”</title> <meta name="renderer" content="webkit" /> <meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=Edge" /> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width,initial-scale=1.0,minimum-scale=1.0,maximum-scale=1.0" /> <meta name="keywords" content="吨粮田 毛乌素沙地 施肥方法 亩产 测土配方施肥 靖边县 肥料利用率 单产 旱作节水 种植基地" /> <meta name="description" content="日前,位于毛乌素沙地南缘的阳光村喜提省粮食生产“吨粮村”称号。“玉米亩产从12年前的500公斤提高到现在的1270公斤了!”11月20日,阳光村党支部书记张治华掰着手指算了算账,笑得合不拢嘴。“一年一" /> <meta name="copyright" content="人民网版权所有" /> <meta name="filetype" content="0"> <meta name="publishedtype" content="1"> <meta name="pagetype" content="1"> <meta name="catalogs" content="L_186331"> <meta 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href="http://yjy.people.com.cn/" target="_blank">人民网研究院</a> </div></div> </div> <!--路径--> <div class="layout route cf" id="rwb_navpath"> <a href="http://www.people.com.cn/" class="clink">人民网</a>>><a href="http://sn.people.com.cn/" class="clink">陕西频道</a> </div> <!--内容--> <div class="layout rm_txt cf"> <div class="col col-1"> <h3 class="pre"></h3> <h1 id="newstit">毛乌素沙地边缘种出“吨粮田”</h1> <h4 class="sub"></h4> <div class="author cf"></div> <div class="channel cf"> <div class="col-1-1"> 2024年11月29日09:14 | 来源:<a href="http://esb.sxdaily.com.cn/pc/content/202411/29/content_890031.html" target="_blank">陕西日报</a> </div> <div class="col-1-2 fr"> <span class="rm_type"><img src="/img/2020wbc/imgs/icon_type.png" alt=""><i>小字号</i></span> </div> </div> <div class="rm_txt_con cf"> <div class="bza"><span></span><p></p></div> <div class="box_pic"></div> <div class="otitle">原标题:毛乌素沙地边缘种出“吨粮田”</div><p style="text-indent: 2em;">日前,位于毛乌素沙地南缘的阳光村喜提省粮食生产“吨粮村”称号。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“玉米亩产从12年前的500公斤提高到现在的1270公斤了!”11月20日,阳光村党支部书记张治华掰着手指算了算账,笑得合不拢嘴。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“一年一场风,从春刮到冬;庄稼遭了殃,颗粒难收成。”阳光村位于靖边县张家畔街道,这里曾经干旱少雨、土地贫瘠。那时,在村民看来,种地远不如“揽工”挣得多。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">2023年,阳光村凭借千亩连片示范田,以平均亩产1350.36公斤的好成绩,创下了陕西省玉米千亩连片单产历史最高纪录。自此,阳光村的名号越来越响。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“这块地是移民户的‘口粮田’,过去,由于产量低,我们把土地流转过来,将其承包给种植合作社,通过专业技术和管理实现产量突破。”张治华说。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">从2012年亩产500公斤提高至2018年亩产800公斤,再提升至今年亩产1270公斤,阳光村的玉米田如何从低产田“逆袭”成“吨粮田”?</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">眼下,秋收已过,记者走进阳光村4000多亩玉米增密度提单产行动种植基地,只见玉米已经收获完毕,工人在捡地里遗落的玉米棒。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“如何让低产田丰产?我们种地有3个科技‘小妙招’!”靖边县巾帼农业综合服务科技有限公司负责人刘静说。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">第一个妙招是增密度。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“2021年,我们尝试增加种植密度,每亩地种植玉米4500株,比往年增加500株,当年亩产增加了100公斤。今年,我们在部分地块每亩种植玉米6500株,部分地块每亩种植7500株,平均亩产增加了250公斤。”刘静分享种植心得。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">第二个妙招是测土配方施肥。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“通过改变施肥方式,我们从传统的一茬玉米施3次肥增加为施8次肥,通过少量多次的施肥方法让玉米充分吸收营养,提高肥料利用率。”刘静说。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">最后一个妙招是改变灌溉方式。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“传统的灌溉方式1亩地需要用水370立方米。2024年,我们采用滴灌后,1亩地只需用水200立方米,每年可节水46%。”刘静表示。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">优质的种子是玉米稳产的基础。“通过试验,我们发现迪卡159玉米种子具有抗倒伏、耐密、脱水快、产量高的特点,最终选择种植这个品种。”刘静告诉记者,每年,县农业技术推广中心的农技人员都会全程跟踪指导,为种植户提供“保姆式”服务。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“凡是进入我们辖区的种子,必须进行登记备案。我们对县域内种子销售门市也会不定时检查,并选择多个品种提前试种,再选取优质品种进行推广。”靖边县农业技术推广中心副主任李宁说。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">有了好种子,如何把好技术关?“我们委派技术员按区域深入田间地头,在项目区发放有机肥、太阳能杀虫灯等,全年开展‘一喷多促’无人机飞防作业12万亩,千方百计稳面积、提单产,为农业生产赋能。”李宁说。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">靖边县共有耕地109.12万亩,2024年玉米种植面积62.15万亩。“我们在11个镇40个村打造示范点,建设春玉米‘吨粮田’种植基地7万余亩、省级玉米增密度提单产行动种植基地4230亩、绿色高质量高效万亩示范片1个、千亩方5个、百亩核心攻关田5个。”李宁说。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">2024年,靖边县以“千万工程”为总抓手,围绕高标准农田建设、旱作节水农业发展等重点方向,建成高标准农田36.35万亩,高效旱作节水农业28.26万亩,农机化综合水平达75.8%,全县农作物良种化率达95%。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em;">“阳光村被评为‘吨粮村’,给榆林农业高质量发展带了个好头,我们将打造更多样板村,确保农户增产增收,在毛乌素沙地边缘种出更多‘吨粮田’。”靖边县农业农村局副局长周永平说。(李旭佳 王靖)</p><div class="zdfy clearfix"></div><center><table border="0" align="center" width="40%"><tr></tr></table></center> <div class="box_pic"></div> <div class="edit cf">(责编:贾凯璐、魏鑫)</div> <p class="paper_num"><em class="section-common-share-wrap">分享让更多人看到 <i class="btn_share_common"><img src="/img/2020wbc/imgs/share.png" alt=""></i> </em></p> </div> <div class="rm_relevant rm_download cf"> <h5><span></span>客户端下载</h5> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.people.com.cn/GB/123231/365206/index.html" target="_blank"><img src="/img/2020wbc/imgs/icon_download_rmrb.png" width="70" height="70" alt="">人民日报</a></li> <li><a href="http://www.people.cn/app/download.html" target="_blank"><img src="/img/2020wbc/imgs/icon_download_rmwj1.png" width="70" height="70" alt="">人民网+</a></li> <li><a href="http://app.people.cn/" target="_blank"><img src="/img/2020wbc/imgs/icon_download_rmw.png" width="70" height="70" 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