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Augustina Hommes</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Maaike Maria Augustina Hommes"> <meta name="keywords" content="Maaike Maria Augustina Hommes"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Maaike Maria Augustina Hommes"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 1065</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Maaike Maria Augustina Hommes</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1065</span> A Pink Pill Daily: On the Lust Enhancing Pill for Women and the Medicalization of Sexual Desire</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maaike%20Maria%20Augustina%20Hommes">Maaike Maria Augustina Hommes</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper reviews the emergence of the recently approved lust enhancing pill for women (sold under the brand name of Addyi) and its status as ‘medicine’ from a cultural studies perspective to understand the way in which the usage of the pill can be seen as a medicalization of sexual desire. It asks where this medicalization can be localized to understand the current placement of and notions on female sexuality. Via a close reading of a woman’s narration of her usage of the pill that appeared in Shape Magazine, this paper critically reviews the pill’s relation to the concept of ‘cure’ and assesses the way this Pink Pill functions as a cure to the DSM-IV based disorder called Hypoactive Sexual Desire Disorder. As such it finds that in the diagnosis with HSDD meant a huge relief. Now this woman was not just ‘bad at life and bad at marriage’ but ‘just had this health issue’. In order to get to an understanding of the different structures that conjoin in this expression of relief this paper reviews the emergence of the sexual desire disorder within psychology and the way that the loss of desire becomes localized in the brain. This localization will be related to two ways of looking at the human body; the medical gaze as described by Michel Foucault, and the neuromolecular gaze, as introduced by Nikolas Rose and Joelle M.Abi-Rached. Both these penetrating gazes bring about a certain reductionism in which the human body is either viewed as an objectified ‘sick body’ or as a set of chemical reactions. By referring to these modes of looking as reductionist one assumes that something is lost, or forgotten in the act of reducing. It is both what is gained in the formulation of the disorder, as what is lost in reduction of the disorder in medical knowledge that is at the central inquiry of this paper. As such, this paper brings forward the way in which medicine and cultural narrative are deeply intertwined. It is this way in which different forces of subject formation come together that is addressed via an interdisciplinary and object-centered focus on the pink pill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disorder%20and%20cure" title="disorder and cure">disorder and cure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=female%20sexual%20desire" title=" female sexual desire"> female sexual desire</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20gaze" title=" medical gaze"> medical gaze</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuromolecular%20gaze" title=" neuromolecular gaze"> neuromolecular gaze</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60591/a-pink-pill-daily-on-the-lust-enhancing-pill-for-women-and-the-medicalization-of-sexual-desire" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60591.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">273</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1064</span> Sexualization of Women in Nigerian Magazine Advertisements</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kehinde%20Augustina%20Odukoya">Kehinde Augustina Odukoya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines the portrayal of women in Nigerian magazine advertisements, with the aim to investigate whether there is sexualization of women in the advertisements. To achieve this aim, content analyses of 61 magazine advertisements from 5 different categories of magazines; a general interest magazine (Genevieve), fashion magazine (Hints Complete Fashion), men’s magazine (Mode), women’s magazine (Totally Whole) and a relationship magazine (Forever) were carried out. Erving Goffman’s 1979 frame analysis and Kang’s two additional coding categories were used to investigate the sexualization of women. Findings show that women are used for decorative purposes and objectified in over 70 per cent of the advertisements analyzed. Also, there is sexualization of women in magazine advertisements because women are nude 57.4 percent of the magazine advertisements. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=advertisements" title="advertisements">advertisements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magazine" title=" magazine"> magazine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sexualization" title=" sexualization"> sexualization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women" title=" women"> women</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62369/sexualization-of-women-in-nigerian-magazine-advertisements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62369.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">364</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1063</span> The Conception of the Students about the Presence of Mental Illness at School</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aline%20Giardin">Aline Giardin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Rosa%20Chitolina"> Maria Rosa Chitolina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Catarina%20Zanini"> Maria Catarina Zanini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we analyze the conceptions of high school students about mental health issues, and discuss the creation of mental basic health programs in schools. We base our findings in a quantitative survey carried out by us with 156 high school students of CTISM (Colégio Técnico Industrial de Santa Maria) school, located in Santa Maria city, Brazil. We have found that: (a) 28 students relate the subject ‘mental health’ with psychiatric hospitals and lunatic asylums; (b) 28 students have relatives affected by mental diseases; (c) 76 students believe that mental patients, if treated, can live a healthy life; (d) depression, schizophrenia and bipolar disorder are the most cited diseases; (e) 84 students have contact with mental patients, but know nothing about the disease; (f) 123 students have never been instructed about mental diseases while in the school; and (g) 135 students think that a mental health program would be important in the school. We argue that these numbers reflect a vision of mental health that can be related to the reductionist education still present in schools and to the lack of integration between health professionals, sciences teachers, and students. Furthermore, this vision can also be related to a stigmatization process, which interferes with the interactions and with the representations regarding mental disorders and mental patients in society. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20health" title="mental health">mental health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=schools" title=" schools"> schools</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mental%20illness" title=" mental illness"> mental illness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conception" title=" conception"> conception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60013/the-conception-of-the-students-about-the-presence-of-mental-illness-at-school" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60013.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">469</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1062</span> Cultural Studies in the Immigration Movements: Memories and Social Collectives </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20Eugenia%20Peltzer">María Eugenia Peltzer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20Estela%20Rodr%C3%ADguez"> María Estela Rodríguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work presents an approach to the cultural aspects of the Immigrants as part of the Cultural Intangible Heritage of Argentina. The intangible cultural heritage consists of the manifestations, practices, uses, representations, expressions, knowledge, techniques and cultural spaces that communities and groups recognize as an integral part of their cultural heritage. This heritage generates feelings of identity and establishes links with the collective memory, as well as being transmitted and recreated over time according to its environment, its interaction with nature and its history contributing to promote respect for cultural diversity and Human creativity. The Immigrants brings together those who came from other lands and their descendants, thus maintaining their traditions through time and linking the members of each cultural group with a strong sense of belonging through a communicative and effective process. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural" title="cultural">cultural</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immigration" title=" immigration"> immigration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memories" title=" memories"> memories</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social" title=" social"> social</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64279/cultural-studies-in-the-immigration-movements-memories-and-social-collectives" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64279.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">439</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1061</span> An Ergonomic Handle Design for Instruments in Laparoscopic Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ramon%20Sancibrian">Ramon Sancibrian</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carlos%20Redondo-Figuero"> Carlos Redondo-Figuero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20C.%20Gutierrez-Diez"> Maria C. Gutierrez-Diez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20G.%20Sarabia"> Esther G. Sarabia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20A.%20Benito-Gonzalez"> Maria A. Benito-Gonzalez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jose%20C.%20Manuel-Palazuelos"> Jose C. Manuel-Palazuelos</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, the design and evaluation of a handle for laparoscopic surgery is presented. The design of the handle is based on ergonomic principles and tries to avoid awkward postures for surgeons. The handle combines the so-called power-grip and accurate-grip in order to provide strength and accuracy in the performance of surgery. The handle is tested using both objective and subjective approaches. The objective approach uses motion capture techniques to obtain the angles of forearm, arm, wrist and hand. The muscular effort is obtained with electromyography electrodes. On the other hand, a subjective survey has been carried out using questionnaires. Results confirm that the handle is preferred by the majority of the surgeons. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laparoscopic%20surgery" title="laparoscopic surgery">laparoscopic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ergonomics" title=" ergonomics"> ergonomics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20design" title=" mechanical design"> mechanical design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomechanics" title=" biomechanics"> biomechanics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41496/an-ergonomic-handle-design-for-instruments-in-laparoscopic-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41496.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1060</span> Descriptive Study of Tropical Tree Species in Commercial Interest Biosphere Reserve Luki in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Armand%20Okende">Armand Okende</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%ABlle%20De%20Weerdt"> Joëlle De Weerdt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esther%20Fichtler"> Esther Fichtler</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maaike%20De%20Ridder"> Maaike De Ridder</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hans%20Beeckman"> Hans Beeckman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The rainforest plays a crucial role in regulating the climate balance. The biodiversity of tropical rainforests is undeniable, but many aspects remain poorly known, which directly influences its management. Despite the efforts of sustainable forest management, human pressure in terms of exploitation and smuggling of timber forms a problem compared to exploited species whose status is considered "vulnerable" on the IUCN red list compiled by. Commercial species in Class III of the Democratic Republic of Congo are the least known in the market operating, and their biology is unknown or non-existent. Identification of wood in terms of descriptions and anatomical measurements of the wood is in great demand for various stakeholders such as scientists, customs, IUCN, etc. The objective of this study is the qualitative and quantitative description of the anatomical characteristics of commercial species in Class III of DR Congo. The site of the Luki Biosphere Reserve was chosen because of its high tree species richness. This study focuses on the wood anatomy of 14 commercial species of Class III of DR Congo. Thirty-four wooden discs were collected for these species. The following parameters were measured in the field: Diameter at breast height (DBH), total height and geographic coordinates. Microtomy, identification of vessel parameters (diameter, density and grouping) and photograph of the microscopic sections and determining age were performed in this study. The results obtained are detailed anatomical descriptions of species in Class III of the Democratic Republic of Congo. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sustainable%20management%20of%20forest" title="sustainable management of forest">sustainable management of forest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rainforest" title=" rainforest"> rainforest</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=commercial%20species%20of%20class%20iii" title=" commercial species of class iii"> commercial species of class iii</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vessel%20diameter" title=" vessel diameter"> vessel diameter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vessel%20density" title=" vessel density"> vessel density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=grouping%20vessel" title=" grouping vessel"> grouping vessel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144446/descriptive-study-of-tropical-tree-species-in-commercial-interest-biosphere-reserve-luki-in-the-democratic-republic-of-congo-drc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144446.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">214</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1059</span> Heavy Metal Concentrations in Sediments of Sta. Maria River, Laguna</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Angelo%20A.%20Sta.%20Ana">Francis Angelo A. Sta. Ana</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Heavy metal pollutants are a major environmental concern in built-up areas in the Philippines. It causes negative effects on aquatic organisms and human health. Heavy metals concentrations of chromium, mercury, lead, copper, arsenic, zinc, cadmium, and nickel were investigated in Sta. Maria river, in Laguna. A total of 16 sediment samples were collected from the river at four stations. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) was used for element detection. It is found that copper is associated with chromium based on statistical analysis using principal component analysis (PCA). Conduct of Sediment Quality Guideline (SQG) revealed that chromium has high toxicity due to values higher than Sediment Quality Guidelines Probable Effect Level (SQG’s PEL). Copper, Nickel, and Pb fall on average toxicity while others are below PEL and effect range low (ERL). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heavy%20metals" title="heavy metals">heavy metals</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pollutants" title=" pollutants"> pollutants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sediment%20quality%20guidelines" title=" sediment quality guidelines"> sediment quality guidelines</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20absorption%20spectroscopy" title=" atomic absorption spectroscopy"> atomic absorption spectroscopy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146453/heavy-metal-concentrations-in-sediments-of-sta-maria-river-laguna" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/146453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">147</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1058</span> Auditory Brainstem Response in Wave VI for the Detection of Learning Disabilities</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Isabel%20Garcia-Planas">Maria Isabel Garcia-Planas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Victoria%20Garcia-Camba"> Maria Victoria Garcia-Camba</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The use of brain stem auditory evoked potential (BAEP) is a common way to study the auditory function of people, a way to learn the functionality of a part of the brain neuronal groups that intervene in the learning process by studying the behaviour of wave VI. The latest advances in neuroscience have revealed the existence of different brain activity in the learning process that can be highlighted through the use of innocuous, low-cost, and easy-access techniques such as, among others, the BAEP that can help us to detect early possible neurodevelopmental difficulties for their subsequent assessment and cure. To date and to the authors' best knowledge, only the latency data obtained, observing the first to V waves and mainly in the left ear, were taken into account. This work shows that it is essential to take into account both ears; with these latest data, it has been possible had diagnosed more precise some cases than with the previous data had been diagnosed as 'normal' despite showing signs of some alteration that motivated the new consultation to the specialist. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ear" title="ear">ear</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurodevelopment" title=" neurodevelopment"> neurodevelopment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=auditory%20evoked%20potentials" title=" auditory evoked potentials"> auditory evoked potentials</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=intervals%20of%20normality" title=" intervals of normality"> intervals of normality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning%20disabilities" title=" learning disabilities"> learning disabilities</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132905/auditory-brainstem-response-in-wave-vi-for-the-detection-of-learning-disabilities" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/132905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1057</span> Characterization, Antibacterial and Cytotoxicity Evaluation of Silver Nanoparticles Synthesised Using Grewia lasiocarpa E. Mey. Ex Harv. Plant Extracts </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nneka%20Augustina%20Akwu">Nneka Augustina Akwu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yougasphree%20Naidoo"> Yougasphree Naidoo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Molecular advancement in technology has created a means whereby the atoms and molecules (solid forms) of certain materials such as plants, can now be reduced to a range of 1-100 nanometres. Green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) was carried out at room temperature (RT) 25 ± 2°C and 80°C, using the metabolites in the aqueous extracts of the leaves and stem bark of Grewia lasiocarpa as reductants and stabilizing agents. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometry, attenuated total reflectance - Fourier transforms infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy, nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA), Energy Dispersive X-ray fluorescence scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDXRF) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The AgNPs were biologically evaluated for antioxidant, antibacterial and cytotoxicity activities. The phytochemical and FTIR analyses revealed the presence of metabolites that act as reducing and capping agents, while the UV-Vis spectroscopy of the biosynthesized NPs showed absorption between 380-460 nm, confirming AgNP synthesis. The Zeta potential values were between -9.1 and -20.6 mV with a hydrodynamics diameter ranging from 38.3 to 46.7 nm. SEM and HRTEM analyses revealed that AgNPs were predominately spherical with an average particle size of 2- 31 nm for the leaves and 5-27 nm for the stem bark. The cytotoxicity IC50 values of the AgNPs against HeLa, Caco-2 and MCF-7 were >1 mg/mL. The AgNPs were sensitive to all strains of bacteria used, with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 25923) and Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922) being more sensitive to the AgNPs. Our findings propose that antibacterial and anticancer agents could be derived from these AgNPs of G. lasiocarpa, and warrant their further investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title="antioxidant">antioxidant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cytotoxicity" title=" cytotoxicity"> cytotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Grewia%20lasiocarpa" title=" Grewia lasiocarpa"> Grewia lasiocarpa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silver%20nanoparticles" title=" silver nanoparticles"> silver nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeta%20potentials" title=" Zeta potentials"> Zeta potentials</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125407/characterization-antibacterial-and-cytotoxicity-evaluation-of-silver-nanoparticles-synthesised-using-grewia-lasiocarpa-e-mey-ex-harv-plant-extracts" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125407.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">142</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1056</span> Objective and Subjective Preconditions for Entrepreneurship: From the Point of View of Enterprise Risk Management</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Luskova">Maria Luskova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Hudakova"> Maria Hudakova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katarina%20Buganova"> Katarina Buganova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Established objective and subjective preconditions for entrepreneurship, forming the business organically related whole, are the necessary condition of successful entrepreneurial activities. Objective preconditions for entrepreneurship are developed by the market economy that should stimulate entrepreneurship by allowing the use of economic opportunities for all those who want to do business in respective field while providing guarantees to all owners and creating a stable business environment for entrepreneurs. Subjective preconditions of entrepreneurship are formed primarily by personal characteristics of the entrepreneur. These are his properties, abilities, skills, physiological, and psychological preconditions which may be inherited, inborn or sequentially developed and obtained during his life on the basis of education and influences of surrounding environment. The paper is dealing with issues of objective and subjective preconditions for entrepreneurship and provides their analysis in view of the current situation in Slovakia. It presents risks of the business environment in Slovakia that the Slovak managers considered the most significant in 2014 and defines the dominant attributes of the entrepreneur in the current business environment in Slovakia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entrepreneurship" title="entrepreneurship">entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=innovations" title=" innovations"> innovations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=opportunity" title=" opportunity"> opportunity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk" title=" risk"> risk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=uncertainty" title=" uncertainty"> uncertainty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19333/objective-and-subjective-preconditions-for-entrepreneurship-from-the-point-of-view-of-enterprise-risk-management" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1055</span> Chromosomal Damage in Human Lymphocytes by Ultraviolet Radiation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Osorio%20Ospina">Felipe Osorio Ospina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Adelaida%20Mejia%20Arango"> Maria Adelaida Mejia Arango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esteban%20On%C3%A9simo%20Vallejo%20Agudelo"> Esteban Onésimo Vallejo Agudelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Luc%C3%ADa%20D%C3%A1vila%20Osorio"> Victoria Lucía Dávila Osorio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Vargas%20Grisales"> Natalia Vargas Grisales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20Sanchez"> Lina María Martínez Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20Andr%C3%A9s%20Agudelo%20V%C3%A9lez"> Camilo Andrés Agudelo Vélez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81ngela%20Maria%20Londo%C3%B1o%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Ángela Maria Londoño García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Cristina%20Ortiz%20Trujillo"> Isabel Cristina Ortiz Trujillo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation, has shown to be a risk factor for photodamage, alteration of the immune mechanisms to recognize malignant cells and cutaneous pro-inflamatorios States and skin cancers. Objective: Identify the time of exposure to ultraviolet radiation for the production of chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes. Methodology: We conducted an in vitro study serial, in which samples were taken from heparinized blood of healthy people, who do not submit exposure to agents that could induce chromosomal alterations. The samples were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, penicillin and streptomycin antibiotic. Subsequently, they were grouped and exposed to ultraviolet light for 1 to 20 seconds. At the end of the treatments, cytology samples were prepared, and it was colored with Giemsa (5%). Reading was carried out in an optical microscope and 100 metaphases analysed by treatment for posting chromosomal alterations. Each treatment was conducted at three separate times and each became two replicas. Results: We only presented chromosomal alterations in lymphocytes exposed to UV for a groups 1 to 3 seconds (p<0.05). Conclusions: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation generates visible damage in chromosomes from human lymphocytes observed in light microscopy, the highest rates of injury was observed between two and three seconds, and above this value, the reduction in the number of mitotic cells was evident. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultraviolet%20rays" title="ultraviolet rays">ultraviolet rays</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lymphocytes" title=" lymphocytes"> lymphocytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome%20breakpoints" title=" chromosome breakpoints"> chromosome breakpoints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodamage" title=" photodamage"> photodamage</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14162/chromosomal-damage-in-human-lymphocytes-by-ultraviolet-radiation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14162.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">428</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1054</span> Ultraviolet Radiation and Chromosomal Damage in Human Lymphocytes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Osorio%20Ospina">Felipe Osorio Ospina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Adelaida%20Mejia%20Arango"> Maria Adelaida Mejia Arango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esteban%20On%C3%A9simo%20Vallejo%20Agudelo"> Esteban Onésimo Vallejo Agudelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Victoria%20Luc%C3%ADa%20D%C3%A1vila%20Osorio"> Victoria Lucía Dávila Osorio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Vargas%20Grisales"> Natalia Vargas Grisales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20Sanchez"> Lina María Martínez Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20Andr%C3%A9s%20Agudelo%20V%C3%A9lez"> Camilo Andrés Agudelo Vélez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=%C3%81ngela%20Maria%20Londo%C3%B1o%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Ángela Maria Londoño García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Cristina%20Ortiz%20Trujillo"> Isabel Cristina Ortiz Trujillo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Excessive exposure to ultraviolet radiation, has shown to be a risk factor for photodamage, alteration of the immune mechanisms to recognize malignant cells and cutaneous pro-inflamatorios states and skin cancers. Objective: To identify the time of exposure to ultraviolet radiation for the production of chromosomal damage in human lymphocytes. Methodology: We conducted an in vitro study serial, in which samples were taken from the heparinized blood of healthy people, who do not submit exposure to agents that could induce chromosomal alterations. The samples were cultured in RPMI-1640 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, penicillin, and streptomycin antibiotic. Subsequently, they were grouped and exposed to ultraviolet light for 1 to 20 seconds. At the end of the treatments, cytology samples were prepared, and it was colored with Giemsa (5%). Reading was carried out in an optical microscope and 100 metaphases analysed by treatment for posting chromosomal alterations. Each treatment was conducted at three separate times and each became two replicas. Results: We only presented chromosomal alterations in lymphocytes exposed to UV for groups 1 to 3 seconds (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Exposure to ultraviolet radiation generates visible damage in chromosomes from human lymphocytes observed in light microscopy, the highest rates of injury was observed between two and three seconds, and above this value, the reduction in the number of mitotic cells was evident. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chromosome%20breakpoints" title="chromosome breakpoints">chromosome breakpoints</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lymphocytes" title=" lymphocytes"> lymphocytes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=photodamage" title=" photodamage"> photodamage</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ultraviolet%20rays" title=" ultraviolet rays"> ultraviolet rays</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26760/ultraviolet-radiation-and-chromosomal-damage-in-human-lymphocytes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/26760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">578</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1053</span> The Culex Pipiens Niche: Assessment with Climatic and Physiographic Variables via a Geographic Information System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20C.%20Proen%C3%A7a">Maria C. Proença</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20T.%20Rebelo"> Maria T. Rebelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADlia%20Antunes"> Marília Antunes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20J.%20Alves"> Maria J. Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hugo%20Os%C3%B3rio"> Hugo Osório</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Cunha"> Sofia Cunha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jo%C3%A3o%20Casaca"> João Casaca </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using a geographic information system (GIS), the relations between a georeferenced data set of Culex pipiens sl. mosquitoes collected in Portugal mainland during seven years (2006-2012) and meteorological and physiographic parameters such as: air relative humidity, air temperature (minima, maxima and mean daily temperatures), daily total rainfall, altitude, land use/land cover and proximity to water bodies are evaluated. Focus is on the mosquito females; the characterization of its habitat is the key for the planning of chirurgical non-aggressive prophylactic countermeasures to avoid ambient degradation. The GIS allow for the spatial determination of the zones were the mosquito mean captures has been above average; using the meteorological values at these coordinates, the limits of each parameter are identified/computed. The meteorological parameters measured at the net of weather stations all over the country are averaged by month and interpolated to produce raster maps that can be segmented according to the thresholds obtained for each parameter. The intersection of the maps obtained for each month show the evolution of the area favorable to the species through the mosquito season, which is from May to October at these latitudes. In parallel, mean and above average captures were related to the physiographic parameters. Three levels of risk could be identified for each parameter, using above average captures as an index. The results were applied to the suitability meteorological maps of each month. The Culex pipiens critical niche is delimited, reflecting the critical areas and the level of risk for transmission of the pathogens to which they are competent vectors (West Nile virus, iridoviruses, rheoviruses and parvoviruses). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Culex%20pipiens" title="Culex pipiens">Culex pipiens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20niche" title=" ecological niche"> ecological niche</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16376/the-culex-pipiens-niche-assessment-with-climatic-and-physiographic-variables-via-a-geographic-information-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">543</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1052</span> Characterization of Chest Pain in Patients Consulting to the Emergency Department of a Health Institution High Level of Complexity during 2014-2015, Medellin, Colombia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Iv%C3%A1n%20Ba%C3%B1ol-Betancur">Jorge Iván Bañol-Betancur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Mart%C3%ADnez-S%C3%A1nchez"> Lina María Martínez-Sánchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20de%20los%20%C3%81ngeles%20Rodr%C3%ADguez-G%C3%A1zquez"> María de los Ángeles Rodríguez-Gázquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Estefan%C3%ADa%20Bahamonde-Olaya"> Estefanía Bahamonde-Olaya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Guti%C3%A9rrez-Tamayo"> Ana María Gutiérrez-Tamayo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Laura%20Isabel%20Jaramillo-Jaramillo"> Laura Isabel Jaramillo-Jaramillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20Ruiz-Mej%C3%ADa"> Camilo Ruiz-Mejía</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Morales-Quintero"> Natalia Morales-Quintero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Acute chest pain is a distressing sensation between the diaphragm and the base of the neck and it represents a diagnostic challenge for any physician in the emergency department. Objective: To establish the main clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients who present with chest pain to the emergency department in a private clinic from the city of Medellin, during 2014-2015. Methods: Cross-sectional retrospective observational study. Population and sample were patients who consulted for chest pain in the emergency department who met the eligibility criteria. The information was analyzed in SPSS program vr.21; qualitative variables were described through relative frequencies, and the quantitative through mean and standard deviation ‬or medians according to their distribution in the study population. Results: A total of 231 patients were evaluated, the mean age was 49.5 ± 19.9 years, 56.7% were females. The most frequent pathological antecedents were hypertension 35.5%, diabetes 10,8%, dyslipidemia 10.4% and coronary disease 5.2%. Regarding pain features, in 40.3% of the patients the pain began abruptly, in 38.2% it had a precordial location, for 20% of the cases physical activity acted as a trigger, and 60.6% was oppressive. Costochondritis was the most common cause of chest pain among patients with an established etiologic diagnosis, representing the 18.2%. Conclusions: Although the clinical features of pain reported coincide with the clinical presentation of an acute coronary syndrome, the most common cause of chest pain in study population was costochondritis instead, indicating that it is a differential diagnostic in the approach of patients with pain acute chest. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20coronary%20syndrome" title="acute coronary syndrome">acute coronary syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chest%20pain" title=" chest pain"> chest pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiology" title=" epidemiology"> epidemiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteochondritis" title=" osteochondritis"> osteochondritis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71857/characterization-of-chest-pain-in-patients-consulting-to-the-emergency-department-of-a-health-institution-high-level-of-complexity-during-2014-2015-medellin-colombia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71857.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">343</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1051</span> Clinical and Epidemiological Profile of Patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in a Medical Institution from the City of Medellin, Colombia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20Andres%20Agudelo-Velez">Camilo Andres Agudelo-Velez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Martinez-Sanchez"> Lina María Martinez-Sanchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Perilla-Hernandez"> Natalia Perilla-Hernandez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20De%20Los%20Angeles%20Rodriguez-Gazquez"> Maria De Los Angeles Rodriguez-Gazquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felipe%20Hernandez-Restrepo"> Felipe Hernandez-Restrepo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dayana%20Andrea%20Quintero-Moreno"> Dayana Andrea Quintero-Moreno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Camilo%20Ruiz-Mejia"> Camilo Ruiz-Mejia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Cristina%20Ortiz-Trujillo"> Isabel Cristina Ortiz-Trujillo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monica%20Maria%20Zuluaga-Quintero"> Monica Maria Zuluaga-Quintero</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is common condition, characterized by a persistent blockage of airflow, partially reversible and progressive, that represents 5% of total deaths around the world, and it is expected to become the third leading cause of death by 2030. Objective: To establish the clinical and epidemiological profile of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a medical institution from the city of Medellin, Colombia. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed, with a sample of 50 patients with a diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease in a private institution in Medellin, during 2015. The software SPSS vr. 20 was used for the statistical analysis. For the quantitative variables, averages, standard deviations, and maximun and minimun values were calculated, while for ordinal and nominal qualitative variables, proportions were estimated. Results: The average age was 73.5±9.3 years, 52% of the patients were women, 50% of them had retired, 46% ere married and 80% lived in the city of Medellín. The mean time of diagnosis was 7.8±1.3 years and 100% of the patients were treated at the internal medicine service. The most common clinical features were: 36% were classified as class D for the disease, 34% had a FEV1 <30%, 88% had a history of smoking and 52% had oxygen therapy at home. Conclusion: It was found that class D was the most common, and the majority of the patients had a history of smoking, indicating the need to strengthen promotion and prevention strategies in this regard. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonary%20disease" title="pulmonary disease">pulmonary disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20obstructive" title=" chronic obstructive"> chronic obstructive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulmonary%20medicine" title=" pulmonary medicine"> pulmonary medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20inhalation%20therapy" title=" oxygen inhalation therapy"> oxygen inhalation therapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58057/clinical-and-epidemiological-profile-of-patients-with-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease-in-a-medical-institution-from-the-city-of-medellin-colombia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/58057.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1050</span> Ports and Airports: Gateways to Vector-Borne Diseases in Portugal Mainland</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20C.%20Proen%C3%A7a">Maria C. Proença</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20T.%20Rebelo"> Maria T. Rebelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20J.%20Alves"> Maria J. Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sofia%20Cunha"> Sofia Cunha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vector-borne diseases are transmitted to humans by mosquitos, sandflies, bugs, ticks, and other vectors. Some are re-transmitted between vectors, if the infected human has a new contact when his levels of infection are high. The vector is infected for lifetime and can transmit infectious diseases not only between humans but also from animals to humans. Some vector borne diseases are very disabling and globally account for more than one million deaths worldwide. The mosquitoes from the complex <em>Culex pipiens </em>sl. are the most abundant in Portugal, and we dispose in this moment of a data set from the surveillance program that has been carried on since 2006 across the country. All mosquitos’ species are included, but the large coverage of <em>Culex pipiens </em>sl. and its importance for public health make this vector an interesting candidate to assess risk of disease amplification. This work focus on ports and airports identified as key areas of high density of vectors. Mosquitoes being ectothermic organisms, the main factor for vector survival and pathogen development is temperature. Minima and maxima local air temperatures for each area of interest are averaged by month from data gathered on a daily basis at the national network of meteorological stations, and interpolated in a geographic information system (GIS). The range of temperatures ideal for several pathogens are known and this work shows how to use it with the meteorological data in each port and airport facility, to focus an efficient implementation of countermeasures and reduce simultaneously risk transmission and mitigation costs. The results show an increased alert with decreasing latitude, which corresponds to higher minimum and maximum temperatures and a lower amplitude range of the daily temperature. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human%20health" title="human health">human health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20assessment" title=" risk assessment"> risk assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20management" title=" risk management"> risk management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vector-borne%20diseases" title=" vector-borne diseases"> vector-borne diseases</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41760/ports-and-airports-gateways-to-vector-borne-diseases-in-portugal-mainland" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41760.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">418</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1049</span> Use of Alternative and Complementary Therapies in Patients with Chronic Pain in a Medical Institution in Medellin, Colombia, 2014</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20S%C3%A1nchez">Lina María Martínez Sánchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juliana%20Molina%20Valencia"> Juliana Molina Valencia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esteban%20Vallejo%20Agudelo"> Esteban Vallejo Agudelo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20Gallego%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Daniel Gallego González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20Isabel%20P%C3%A9rez%20Palacio"> María Isabel Pérez Palacio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Ricardo%20Gaviria%20Garc%C3%ADa"> Juan Ricardo Gaviria García</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20De%20Los%20%C3%81ngeles%20Rodr%C3%ADguez%20G%C3%A1zquez"> María De Los Ángeles Rodríguez Gázquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20In%C3%A9s%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20Dom%C3%ADnguez"> Gloria Inés Martínez Domínguez</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Alternative and complementary therapies constitute a vast and complex combination of interventions, philosophies, approaches, and therapies that acquire a holistic healthcare point of view, becoming an alternative for the treatment of patients with chronic pain. Objective: determine the characteristics of the use of alternative and complementary therapies in patients with chronic pain who consulted in a medical institution. Methodology: cross-sectional and descriptive study, with a population of patients that assisted to the outpatient consultation and met the eligibility criteria. Sampling was not conducted. A form was used for the collection of demographic and clinical variables and the Holistic Complementary and Alternative Medicine Questionnaire (HCAMQ) was validated. The analysis and processing of information was carried out using the SPSS program vr.19. Results: 220 people with chronic pain were included. The average age was 54.7±16.2 years, 78.2% were women, and 75.5% belonged to the socioeconomic strata 1 to 3. Musculoskeletal pain (77.7%), migraine (15%) and neuralgia (9.1%) were the most frequently types of chronic pain. 33.6% of participants have used some kind of alternative and complementary therapy; the most frequent were: homeopathy (14.5%), phytotherapy (12.7%), and acupuncture (11.4%). The total average HCAMQ score for the study group was 30.2±7.0 points, which shows a moderate attitude toward the use of complementary and alternative medicine. The highest scores according to the type of pain were: neuralgia (32.4±5.8), musculoskeletal pain (30.5±6.7), fibromyalgia (29.6±7.3) and migraine (28.5±8.8). The reliability of the HCAMQ was acceptable (Cronbach's α: 0.6). Conclusion: it was noted that the types of chronic pain and the clinical or therapeutic management of patients correspond to the data available in current literature. Despite the moderate attitude toward the use of these alternative and complementary therapies, one of every three patients uses them. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20pain" title="chronic pain">chronic pain</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complementary%20therapies" title=" complementary therapies"> complementary therapies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=homeopathy" title=" homeopathy"> homeopathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acupuncture%20analgesia" title=" acupuncture analgesia"> acupuncture analgesia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41720/use-of-alternative-and-complementary-therapies-in-patients-with-chronic-pain-in-a-medical-institution-in-medellin-colombia-2014" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/41720.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">515</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1048</span> Nurses' and Patients’ Perception about Care: A Comparative Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Evangelia%20Kotrotsiou">Evangelia Kotrotsiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mairy%20Gouva"> Mairy Gouva</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Theodosios%20Paralikas"> Theodosios Paralikas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Fiaka"> Maria Fiaka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Styliani%20Kotrotsiou"> Styliani Kotrotsiou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Malliarou"> Maria Malliarou</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research is to investigate the way nurses perceive the care provided in comparison to the way patients perceive it, taking into account existing literature. As far as the sample of research is concerned, it has come from the population of nurses working in the General Hospital of Thessaloniki, St. Paul and the patients of its surgical clinic. In the present study, the sample consists of 100 nurses and 88 patients. The questionnaire used was the Caring Nurse-Patient Interactions Scale: 23-Item Version, created by Cossette et al. (2006). In the case of both patients and nurses, a high score was observed in relational care in the case of the frequency of nursing care in daily practice, as well as the satisfaction of providing nursing care. Overall, patients rated higher clinical care in the case of the frequency of nursing care in daily practice, as well as the satisfaction of the clinical care they were given. On the other hand, nurses rated higher comfort care in the case of the frequency of nursing care in everyday practice, as well as relational care in the area of the importance of nursing care in everyday practice. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nursing%20care" title="nursing care">nursing care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20needs" title=" patient needs"> patient needs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=patient%20satisfaction" title=" patient satisfaction"> patient satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=care%20giving" title=" care giving"> care giving</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95232/nurses-and-patients-perception-about-care-a-comparative-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/95232.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1047</span> A Post-Colonial Reading of Maria Edgeworth's Anglo-Irish Novels: Castle Rackrent and the Absentee</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Al.%20Harshan">Al. Harshan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hazamah%20Ali%20Mahdi"> Hazamah Ali Mahdi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Big House literature embodies Irish history. It requires a special dimension of moral and social significance in relation to its owners. The Big House is a metaphor for the decline of the protestant Ascendancy that ruled in a catholic country and oppressed a native people. In the tradition of the Big House fiction, Maria Edgeworth's Castle Rackrent and the Absentee explore the effect of the Anglo-Irish protestant Ascendancy as it governed and misgoverned Ireland. Edgeworth illustrates the tradition of the Big House as a symbol of both a personal and historical theme. This paper provides a reading of Castle Rackrent and The Absentee from a post-colonial perspective. The paper maintains that Edgeworth's novel contain elements of a radical critique of the colonialist enterprise. In our postcolonial reading of Maria Edgeworth's novels, one that goes beyond considering works as those of Sir Walter Scoot, regional evidence has been found of Edgeworth's colonial ideology. The significance of Castle Rackrent lies mainly in the fact that is the first English novel to speak in the voice of the colonized Irish. What is more important is that the irony and the comic aspect of the novel comes from its Irish narrator (Thady Quirk) and its Irish setting Ireland. Edgeworth reveals the geographical 'other' to her English reader, by placing her colonized Irish narrator and his son, Jason Quirk, in a position of inferiority to emphasize the gap between Englishness and Irishness. Furthermore, this satirical aspect is a political one. It works to create and protect the superiority of the domestic English reader over the Irish subject. In other words, the implication of the colonial system of the novel and of its structure of dominance and subordination is overlooked by its comic dimension. The matrimonial plot in the Absentee functions as an imperial plot, constructing Ireland as a complementary but ever unequal partner in the family of Great Britain. This imperial marriage works hegemonically to produce the domestic stability considered so crucial to national and colonial stability. Moreover, in order to achieve her proper imperial plot, Edgeworth reconciliation of England and Ireland is seen in the marriage of the Anglo-Irish (hero/Colambre) with the Irish (heroine/Grace Nugent), and the happy bourgeois family; consequently, it becomes the model for colonizer-colonized relationships. Edgeworth must establish modes of legitimate behavior for women and men. The Absentee explains more purposely how familial reorganization is dependent on the restitution of masculine authority and advantage, particularly for Irish community. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Edgeworth" title="Maria Edgeworth">Maria Edgeworth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-colonial" title=" post-colonial"> post-colonial</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=reading" title=" reading"> reading</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irish" title=" Irish "> Irish </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34577/a-post-colonial-reading-of-maria-edgeworths-anglo-irish-novels-castle-rackrent-and-the-absentee" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34577.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">544</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1046</span> Learning Spanish as a Second Language: Using Infinitives as Verbal Complements </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiyoung%20Yoon">Jiyoung Yoon</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study examines Spanish textbook explanations of infinitival complements and how they can affect a learner’s second-language acquisition process. Verbs taking infinitival complements are commonly found in the mandate, volition, and emotion verbs, both for Spanish and English. However, while some English verbs take gerunds (María avoids eating/*to eat meat), in Spanish a gerund never functions as the complement of a verb (María evita comer/*comiendo carne). Because of these differences, English learners of Spanish often have difficulty acquiring infinitival complement constructions in Spanish. Specifically, they may employ English-like complement structures, producing such ungrammatical utterances as *Odio comiendo tacos ‘I hate eating tacos.' A compounding factor is that many Spanish textbooks do not emphasize the usages of infinitival complements and, when explanations are provided, they are often vague and insufficient. This study examines Spanish textbook explanations of infinitival complements (intermediate and advanced college-level Spanish textbooks and grammar reference books published in the United States) to determine areas that are problematic and insufficient and how they can affect learners’ second-language acquisition process. In this study, alternative principle-driven explanations are proposed as a replacement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spanish" title="Spanish">Spanish</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=teaching" title=" teaching"> teaching</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=second%20language" title=" second language"> second language</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infinitival%20complement" title=" infinitival complement"> infinitival complement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=textbook" title=" textbook"> textbook</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61924/learning-spanish-as-a-second-language-using-infinitives-as-verbal-complements" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61924.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">360</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1045</span> Gender Justice and Feminist Self-Management Practices in the Solidarity Economy: A Quantitative Analysis of the Factors that Impact Enterprises Formed by Women in Brazil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20de%20Nazar%C3%A9%20Moraes%20Soares">Maria de Nazaré Moraes Soares</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silvia%20Maria%20Dias%20Pedro%20Rebou%C3%A7as"> Silvia Maria Dias Pedro Rebouças</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jos%C3%A9%20Carlos%20L%C3%A1zaro"> José Carlos Lázaro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Solidarity Economy (SE) acts in the re-articulation of the economic field to the other spheres of social action. The significant participation of women in SE resulted in the formation of a national network of self-managed enterprises in Brazil: The Solidarity and Feminist Economy Network (SFEN). The objective of the research is to identify factors of gender justice and feminist self-management practices that adhere to the reality of women in SE enterprises. The conceptual apparatus related to feminist studies in this research covers Nancy Fraser approaches on gender justice, and Patricia Yancey Martin approaches on feminist management practices, and authors of postcolonial feminism such as Mohanty and Maria Lugones, who lead the discussion to peripheral contexts, a necessary perspective when observing the women’s movement in SE. The research has a quantitative nature in the phases of data collection and analysis. The data collection was performed through two data sources: the database mapped in Brazil in 2010-2013 by the National Information System in Solidary Economy and 150 questionnaires with women from 16 enterprises in SFEN, in a state of Brazilian northeast. The data were analyzed using the multivariate statistical technique of Factor Analysis. The results show that the factors that define gender justice and feminist self-management practices in SE are interrelated in several levels, proving statistically the intersectional condition of the issue of women. The evidence from the quantitative analysis allowed us to understand the dimensions of gender justice and feminist management practices intersectionality; in this sense, the non-distribution of domestic work interferes in non-representation of women in public spaces, especially in peripheral contexts. The study contributes with important reflections to the studies of this area and can be complemented in the future with a qualitative research that approaches the perspective of women in the context of the SE self-management paradigm. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feminist%20management%20practices" title="feminist management practices">feminist management practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gender%20justice" title=" gender justice"> gender justice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-management" title=" self-management"> self-management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solidarity%20economy" title=" solidarity economy"> solidarity economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122151/gender-justice-and-feminist-self-management-practices-in-the-solidarity-economy-a-quantitative-analysis-of-the-factors-that-impact-enterprises-formed-by-women-in-brazil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/122151.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">129</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1044</span> Simultaneous Improvement of Wear Performance and Toughness of Ledeburitic Tool Steels by Sub-Zero Treatment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Jur%C4%8Di">Peter Jurči</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Pta%C4%8Dinov%C3%A1"> Jana Ptačinová</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1ria%20Hud%C3%A1kov%C3%A1"> Mária Hudáková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1ria%20Dom%C3%A1nkov%C3%A1"> Mária Dománková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Kus%C3%BD"> Martin Kusý</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Sahul"> Martin Sahul</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The strength, hardness, and toughness (ductility) are in strong conflict for the metallic materials. The only possibility how to make their simultaneous improvement is to provide the microstructural refinement, by cold deformation, and subsequent recrystallization. However, application of this kind of treatment is impossible for high-carbon high-alloyed ledeburitic tool steels. Alternatively, it has been demonstrated over the last few years that sub-zero treatment induces some microstructural changes in these materials, which might favourably influence their complex of mechanical properties. Commercially available PM ledeburitic steel Vanadis 6 has been used for the current investigations. The paper demonstrates that sub-zero treatment induces clear refinement of the martensite, reduces the amount of retained austenite, enhances the population density of fine carbides, and makes alterations in microstructural development that take place during tempering. As a consequence, the steel manifests improved wear resistance at higher toughness and fracture toughness. Based on the obtained results, the key question “can the wear performance be improved by sub-zero treatment simultaneously with toughness” can be answered by “definitely yes”. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ledeburitic%20tool%20steels" title="ledeburitic tool steels">ledeburitic tool steels</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microstructure" title=" microstructure"> microstructure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sub-zero%20treatment" title=" sub-zero treatment"> sub-zero treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mechanical%20properties" title=" mechanical properties"> mechanical properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81060/simultaneous-improvement-of-wear-performance-and-toughness-of-ledeburitic-tool-steels-by-sub-zero-treatment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81060.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">318</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1043</span> Ectopic Mediastinal Parathyroid Adenoma: A Case Report with Diagnostic and Management Challenges</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Augustina%20Konadu%20Larbi-Ampofo">Augustina Konadu Larbi-Ampofo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekemini%20Umoinwek"> Ekemini Umoinwek</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Hypercalcaemia is a common electrolyte imbalance that increases mortality if poorly controlled. Primary hyperparathyroidism often presents like this with a prevalence of 0.1-0.3%. Management due to an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the mediastinum is challenging, especially in a patient with a pacemaker. Case Presentation: A 79-year-old woman with a history of a previous cardiac arrest, permanent pacemaker, ischaemic heart disease, bilateral renal calculi, rectal polyps, liver cirrhosis, and a family history of hyperthyroidism presented to the emergency department with acute back pain. Management and Outcome: The patient was diagnosed with primary hyperparathyroidism due to her elevated corrected calcium and parathyroid hormone levels. Parathyroid investigations consisting of an NM MIBI scan, SPECT-CT, 4D parathyroid scan, and an ultrasound scan of the neck and thorax confirmed an ectopic parathyroid adenoma in the mediastinum at the level of the aortic arch, along with benign thyroid nodules. The location of the adenoma warranted a thoracoscopic surgical approach; however, the presence of her pacemaker and other cardiovascular conditions predisposed her to a potentially poorer post-operative outcome. Discussion: Mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas are rare and difficult to diagnose and treat, often needing a multimodal imaging approach for accurate localisation. Surgery is a definitive treatment; however, in this patient, long-term medical treatment with cinacalcet was the only next suitable treatment option. The difficulty with this is that cinacalcet tackles the biochemical markers of the disease entity and not the disease itself, leaving room for what happens next if there is refractory/uncontrolled hypercalcaemia in this patient with a pacemaker. Moreover, the coexistence of her multiple conditions raises the suspicion of an underlying multisystemic or multiple endocrine disorder, with multiple endocrine neoplasia coming to mind, necessitating further genetic or autoimmune investigations. Conclusion: Mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenomas are rare, with diagnostic and management challenges. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mediastinal%20ectopic%20parathyroid%20adenoma" title="mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma">mediastinal ectopic parathyroid adenoma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperparathyroidism" title=" hyperparathyroidism"> hyperparathyroidism</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SPECT%2FCT" title=" SPECT/CT"> SPECT/CT</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nuclear%20medicine" title=" nuclear medicine"> nuclear medicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multimodal%20imaging" title=" multimodal imaging"> multimodal imaging</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192255/ectopic-mediastinal-parathyroid-adenoma-a-case-report-with-diagnostic-and-management-challenges" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/192255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">16</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1042</span> Evidence of Conditional and Unconditional Cooperation in a Public Goods Game: Experimental Evidence from Mali</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Laura%20Alzua">Maria Laura Alzua</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Adelaida%20Lopera"> Maria Adelaida Lopera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper measures the relative importance of conditional cooperation and unconditional cooperation in a large public goods experiment conducted in Mali. We use expectations about total public goods provision to estimate a structural choice model with heterogeneous preferences. While unconditional cooperation can be captured by common preferences shared by all participants, conditional cooperation is much more heterogeneous and depends on unobserved individual factors. This structural model, in combination with two experimental treatments, suggests that leadership and group communication incentivize public goods provision through different channels. First, We find that participation of local leaders effectively changes individual choices through unconditional cooperation. A simulation exercise predicts that even in the most pessimistic scenario in which all participants expect zero public good provision, 60% would still choose to cooperate. Second, allowing participants to communicate fosters conditional cooperation. The simulations suggest that expectations are responsible for around 24% of the observed public good provision and that group communication does not necessarily ameliorate public good provision. In fact, communication may even worsen the outcome when expectations are low. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=conditional%20cooperation" title="conditional cooperation">conditional cooperation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20choice%20model" title=" discrete choice model"> discrete choice model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectations" title=" expectations"> expectations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=public%20goods%20game" title=" public goods game"> public goods game</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=random%20coefficients%20model" title=" random coefficients model"> random coefficients model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43314/evidence-of-conditional-and-unconditional-cooperation-in-a-public-goods-game-experimental-evidence-from-mali" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43314.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">306</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1041</span> Safety Assessment and Prophylactic Efficacy of Moringa stenopetala Leaf Extract Through Mitigation of Oxidative Stress in BV-2 Microglial Cell</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Stephen%20Adeniyi%20Adefegha">Stephen Adeniyi Adefegha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vitor%20Mostardeiro"> Vitor Mostardeiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vera%20Maria%20Morsch"> Vera Maria Morsch</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ademir%20F.%20Morel"> Ademir F. Morel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ivana%20Beatrice%20Manica%20Da%20Cruz"> Ivana Beatrice Manica Da Cruz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabrina%20Somacal%20Maria%20Rosa%20Chitolina%20Schetinger"> Sabrina Somacal Maria Rosa Chitolina Schetinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Moringa stenopetala is often consumed as food and used in folkloric medicine for the management of several diseases. Purpose: This study was set up in order to assess the effect of aqueous extract of Moringa stenopetala on cell viability and oxidative stress biomarkers in BV-2 microglial cells. Aqueous extracts of M. stenopetala were prepared, lyophilized and reconstituted in 0.5% dimethylsulphoxide (DMSO). Cells were treated with M. stenopetala extracts (0.1 - 100 µg/ml) for cell viability and nitric oxide (NO) production tests. However, M. stenopetala extract (50 µg/ml) was used in the treatment of cells for the determination of protein carbonyl content and reactive oxygen species (ROS) level. Incubation of BV-2 microglia cell with M. stenopetala extract maintained cell viability, diminished NO and ROS levels, and reduced protein carbonyl contents Chlorogenic acid, rutin, kaempferol and quercetin derivatives were the main phenolic compounds identified in M. stenopetala leaf extract. These phenolic compounds present in M. stenopetala may be responsible for the mitigation of oxidative stress in BV-2 microglial cells. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxidative%20stress" title="oxidative stress">oxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BV-2%20microglial%20cell" title=" BV-2 microglial cell"> BV-2 microglial cell</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Moringa%20stenopetala" title=" Moringa stenopetala"> Moringa stenopetala</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20viability" title=" cell viability"> cell viability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antioxidant" title=" antioxidant"> antioxidant</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157189/safety-assessment-and-prophylactic-efficacy-of-moringa-stenopetala-leaf-extract-through-mitigation-of-oxidative-stress-in-bv-2-microglial-cell" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/157189.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">110</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1040</span> Prevalence and Characteristics of Consumption of Nutraceuticals: The Case Study of Undergraduate Students of Medellin- Colombia, 2013</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gloria%20In%C3%A9s%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20Dom%C3%ADnguez">Gloria Inés Martínez Domínguez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lina%20Mar%C3%ADa%20Mart%C3%ADnez%20S%C3%A1nchez"> Lina María Martínez Sánchez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20de%20los%20%C3%81ngeles%20Rodr%C3%ADguez%20G%C3%A1zquez"> María de los Ángeles Rodríguez Gázquez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Guillermo%20Jim%C3%A9nez%20Jim%C3%A9nez"> Juan Guillermo Jiménez Jiménez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Johan%20Sebasti%C3%A1n%20Lopera%20Valle"> Johan Sebastián Lopera Valle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Vargas%20Grisales"> Natalia Vargas Grisales</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Rojas%20Jim%C3%A9nez"> Sara Rojas Jiménez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alejandra%20Uribe%20Ocampo"> Alejandra Uribe Ocampo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Correa%20P%C3%A9rez"> Sara Correa Pérez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Natalia%20Perilla%20Hern%C3%A1ndez"> Natalia Perilla Hernández</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan%20Sebasti%C3%A1n%20Mar%C3%ADn%20C%C3%A1rdenas"> Juan Sebastián Marín Cárdenas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The relationship between diet and chronic or degenerative diseases has led to the development of functional foods such as nutraceuticals. Objective: To determine the prevalence and characteristics of consumption of nutraceuticals in undergraduate students. Methodology: Cross-sectional study. It was a simple random sampling with the Statcalc EpiInfo software vr 6.04. It was designed an instrument for collection of demographic data and consumption of nutraceuticals. Statistical analysis used the SPSS program. Results: 427 students, average age 20.8 years (SD 3.1), 56.1% were women. The life prevalence of nutraceuticals consumption was 66.3% and the annual 51.8%. The main reasons for consumption were as food complement 32.8% and prevent diseases 20.1%. Conclusion: The high prevalence of nutraceuticals observed is comparable to that reported in the literature, which suggests an increasing trend in the habit of consumption of dietary supplement which have a preventive or protective effect on health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20supplements" title="dietary supplements">dietary supplements</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=food" title=" food"> food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health" title=" health"> health</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functional%20food" title=" functional food"> functional food</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Colombia" title=" Colombia"> Colombia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1597/prevalence-and-characteristics-of-consumption-of-nutraceuticals-the-case-study-of-undergraduate-students-of-medellin-colombia-2013" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/1597.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">577</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1039</span> Risk Management through Controlling in Industrial Enterprises Operating in Slovakia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1ria%20Hud%C3%A1kov%C3%A1">Mária Hudáková</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M%C3%A1ria%20Luskov%C3%A1"> Mária Lusková</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This report is focused on widening the theoretical knowledge as well as controlling practical application from the risk management point of view, regarding to dynamic business changes that have occurred in Slovakia which recently has been considered to be an environment full of risk and uncertainty. The idea of the report is the proposal of the controlling operation model in the course of risk management process in an enterprise operating in Slovakia, by which the controller is able to identify early risk factors in suggested major areas of the business management upon appropriate business information integration, consecutive control and prognoses and to prepare in time full-value documents in order to suggest measures for reduction thereof. Dealing with risk factors, that can quickly limit the growth potential of the enterprise, is an essential part of managerial activities on each level. This is the reason why mutual unofficial, ergo collegial cooperation of individual departments is necessary for controlling application from the business risk management point of view. An important part of the report is elaborated survey of the most important risk factors existing in major management areas of enterprises operating in Slovakia. The outcome of the performed survey is a catalogue of the most important enterprise risk factors. The catalogue serves for better understanding risk factors affecting the Slovak enterprises, their importance and evaluation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=controlling" title="controlling">controlling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information" title=" information"> information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risks" title=" risks"> risks</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=risk%20factor" title=" risk factor"> risk factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crisis" title=" crisis"> crisis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59472/risk-management-through-controlling-in-industrial-enterprises-operating-in-slovakia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59472.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1038</span> Levels of Reflection in Engineers EFL Learners: The Path to Content and Language Integrated Learning Implementation in Chilean Higher Education</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sebasti%C3%A1n%20Olivares%20Lizana">Sebastián Olivares Lizana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marianna%20Oyanedel%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> Marianna Oyanedel González</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study takes part of a major project based on implementing a CLIL program (Content and Language Integrated Learning) at Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María, a leading Chilean tertiary Institution. It aims at examining the relationship between the development of Reflective Processes (RP) and Cognitive Academic Language Proficiency (CALP) in weekly learning logs written by faculty members, participants of an initial professional development online course on English for Academic Purposes (EAP). Such course was designed with a genre-based approach, and consists of multiple tasks directed to academic writing proficiency. The results of this analysis will be described and classified in a scale of key indicators that represent both the Reflective Processes and the advances in CALP, and that also consider linguistic proficiency and task progression. Such indicators will evidence affordances and constrains of using a genre-based approach in an EFL Engineering CLIL program implementation at tertiary level in Chile, and will serve as the starting point to the design of a professional development course directed to teaching methodologies in a CLIL EFL environment in Engineering education at Universidad Técnica Federico Santa María. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EFL" title="EFL">EFL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EAL" title=" EAL"> EAL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genre" title=" genre"> genre</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CLIL" title=" CLIL"> CLIL</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering" title=" engineering"> engineering</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68936/levels-of-reflection-in-engineers-efl-learners-the-path-to-content-and-language-integrated-learning-implementation-in-chilean-higher-education" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/68936.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1037</span> How Markets React to Corporate Disclosure: An Analysis Using a SEM Model</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Helena%20Susana%20Afonso%20Alves">Helena Susana Afonso Alves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nat%C3%A1lia%20Maria%20Rafael%20Canadas"> Natália Maria Rafael Canadas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ana%20Maria%20Rodrigues"> Ana Maria Rodrigues</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We examined the impact of governance rules on information asymmetry, using the turnover ratio and the bid-ask spread as proxies for the information asymmetry. We used a SEM model and analyzed the indirect relations through the voluntary disclosure of information and the organizational performance. We built a voluntary disclosure index based on the information firms provided in their annual reports and divided the governance characteristics in two constructs: directors’ and supervisors’ structures and ownership structure. We concluded that the ownership structure exerts a direct influence on share price and share liquidity, Otherwise, the directors’ and supervisors’ structures exert an indirect influence, through the organizational performance and the voluntary disclosure of information. The results also show that for firms with high levels of disclosure the bid-ask spread is lower. However, in firms with a high ownership concentration investors tend to increase the bid-ask spreads and trade less, which, in this case, reduces the liquidity of the stock. The failure to find the relationship between voluntary disclosure of information and the turnover ratio shows us that the liquidity of shares is more related to the greater or lesser concentration of shareholders, with the performance of their companies than with the access to information. Moreover, it is clear that the role that information disclosure plays is mainly at the level of price formation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corporate%20governance" title="corporate governance">corporate governance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20asymmetry" title=" information asymmetry"> information asymmetry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=voluntary%20disclosure" title=" voluntary disclosure"> voluntary disclosure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20equation%20modelling" title=" structural equation modelling"> structural equation modelling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEM" title=" SEM"> SEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21255/how-markets-react-to-corporate-disclosure-an-analysis-using-a-sem-model" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/21255.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">516</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1036</span> Effects of an Inclusive Educational Model for Students with High Intellectual Capacity and Special Educational Needs: A Case Study in Talentos UdeC, Chile</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gracia%20V.%20Navarro">Gracia V. Navarro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20C.%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> María C. González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20G.%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> María G. González</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mar%C3%ADa%20V.%20Gonz%C3%A1lez"> María V. González</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Chile, since 2002, there are extracurricular enrichment programs complementary to regular education for students with high intellectual capacity. This paper describes a model for the educational inclusion of students, with special educational needs associated with high intellectual capacity, developed at the University of Concepción and its effects on its students, academics and undergraduate students that collaborate with the program. The Talentos UdeC Program was created in 2003 and is intended for 240 children and youth from 11 to 18 years old, from 15 communes of the Biobio region. The case Talentos UdeC is analyzed from a mixed qualitative study in which those participating in the educational model are considered. The sample was composed of 30 students, 30 academics, and 30 undergraduate students. In the case of students, pre and post program measurements were made to analyze their socio-emotional adaptation, academic motivation and socially responsible behavior. The mentioned variables are measured through questionnaires designed and validated by the University of Concepcion that included: The Socially Responsible Behavior Questionnaire (CCSR); the Academic Motivation Questionnaire (CMA) and the Socio-Emotional Adaptation Questionnaire (CASE). The information obtained by these questionnaires was analyzed through a quantitative analysis. Academics and undergraduate students were interviewed to learn their perception of the effects of the program on themselves, on students and on society. The information obtained is analyzed using qualitative analysis based on the identification of common themes and descriptors for the construction of conceptual categories of answers. Quantitative results show differences in the first three variables analyzed in the students, after their participation for two years in Talentos UdeC. Qualitative results demonstrate perception of effects in the vision of world, project of life and in other areas of the students’ development; perception of effects in a personal, professional and organizational plane by academics and a perception of effects in their personal-social development and training in generic competencies by undergraduates students. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20model" title="educational model">educational model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20intellectual%20capacity" title=" high intellectual capacity"> high intellectual capacity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title=" inclusion"> inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=special%20educational%20needs" title=" special educational needs"> special educational needs</a> </p> <a 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