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line-height:130%; list-style-type:decimal;"> </div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r14623825">.mw-parser-output .documentation,.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:#ecfcf4;color:inherit;clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation{margin:1em 0 0 0;padding:1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{margin:0.2em 0;font-style:italic;padding:0.4em 1em}.mw-parser-output .documentation-startbox{padding-bottom:3px;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;margin-bottom:1ex}.mw-parser-output .documentation-heading{font-weight:bold;font-size:125%}.mw-parser-output .documentation-clear{clear:both}.mw-parser-output .documentation-toolbar{font-style:normal;font-size:85%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .documentation,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{background-color:#0b1e1c}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .documentation,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .documentation-metadata{background-color:#0b1e1c}}</style><div class="documentation-container" role="complementary" aria-labelledby="documentation-heading"> <div class="documentation"> <div class="documentation-startbox"> <span class="documentation-heading" id="documentation-heading"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/50px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/75px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg/100px-Test_Template_Info-Icon_-_Version_%282%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1792" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> Template documentation</span><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks">[<a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist/doc" title="Template:Reflist/doc">view</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Reflist/doc" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Reflist/doc">edit</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:PageHistory/Template:Reflist/doc" title="Special:PageHistory/Template:Reflist/doc">history</a>] [<a href="/wiki/Special:Purge/Template:Reflist" title="Special:Purge/Template:Reflist">purge</a>]</span></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="center"><b>In Wikisource, this template is usable only in the Author and Main namespace works, which were not transcluded from the Page namespace</b></div> <p>This <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citation_templates" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Citation templates">citation template</a> provides formatting and organizational features for footnotes. It encapsulates the <code class="nowrap"><references /></code> tag used by the cite.php MediaWiki extension to show the list of references as defined by <code class="nowrap"><ref></code> tags. It adds support for a reduced font size, columns and groups. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Parameters"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Parameters</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Usage"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Usage</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Columns"><span class="tocnumber">2.1</span> <span class="toctext">Columns</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Examples"><span class="tocnumber">2.2</span> <span class="toctext">Examples</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#List_styles"><span class="tocnumber">2.3</span> <span class="toctext">List styles</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Multiple_uses"><span class="tocnumber">2.4</span> <span class="toctext">Multiple uses</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#List-defined_references"><span class="tocnumber">2.5</span> <span class="toctext">List-defined references</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-3"><a href="#Example"><span class="tocnumber">2.5.1</span> <span class="toctext">Example</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Grouped_references"><span class="tocnumber">2.6</span> <span class="toctext">Grouped references</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Technical_details"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Technical details</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Browser_support_for_columns"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Browser support for columns</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Supporting_CSS"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Supporting CSS</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#Customizing_the_view"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Customizing the view</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#Perennial_suggestions"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Perennial suggestions</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2"><a href="#See_also_2"><span class="tocnumber">6.1</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Parameters">Parameters</h2></div> <ul><li>Single unnamed parameter:</li></ul> <dl><dd>column-count: a <a href="/w/index.php?title=Natural_number&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Natural number (page does not exist)">natural number</a> specifying fixed columns into which the reference list is to be rendered. Example: <code>|2|</code>.</dd> <dd>column-width: a typographic unit of measurement such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Em_(typography)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Em (typography) (page does not exist)">em</a>, specifying the width for the reference list columns. Example: <code>|30em|</code>.</dd></dl> <ul><li><b>colwidth</b>: explicitly sets the column-width; do not use <b>close</b> with this parameter— it is not needed and it will cause <b>colwidth</b> to not work.</li> <li><b>refs</b>: used with named references (e.g., <code class="nowrap"><ref name=name /></code>); it specifies a <a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Extension:Cite/Cite.php#List-defined_references" class="extiw" title="mw:Extension:Cite/Cite.php">list</a> of some or all named references used in the article.</li> <li><b>group</b>: identifies by name the subset of references to be rendered; the value should correspond to that used inline, e.g., <kbd>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">reflist</a>|group="groupname"}}</kbd> renders all references with <var>groupname</var> as the group name (<code class="nowrap"><ref group="groupname"></code>).</li> <li><b>liststyle</b>: specifies the style used when the reference list is enumerated; if none is specified, the default is to render a numbered list.</li> <li><b>close</b>: forces the reference list to close and render all references defined to that point; see the <a href="#Multiple_uses">section on multiple uses</a> for details.</li> <li><span class="wst-doc-parameter" style="background:#F0F0F0; color:#008740; font-weight:bold;">line-height</span>: default is 130%</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Usage">Usage</h2></div> <table width="90%" style="border-width: medium; margin-left:"> <caption><b>Using only footnote-style references</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="50%" scope="col">Markup </th> <th width="50%" scope="col">Renders as <p>  </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid none none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0;border:none;padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap;white-space:-o-pre-wrap;white-space:-pre-wrap;white-space:pre-wrap; ">Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> ==References== {{Reflist}}</pre> </td> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid solid none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p>Lorem ipsum.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%; -moz-column-width:close; -webkit-column-width:close; column-width:close; list-style-type:decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Columns">Columns</h3></div> <p>Using <kbd>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">reflist</a>|2}}</kbd> will create a two-column reference list, and <kbd>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">reflist</a>|3}}</kbd> will create a three-column list, and so on. Choose the number of columns that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page. </p><p>Using <kbd>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">reflist</a>|30em}}</kbd> will create columns with a minimum width of 30 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Em_(typography)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Em (typography) (page does not exist)">em</a>, allowing the browser to automatically choose the number of columns based on the width of the web browser. Choose a column width that is appropriate for the average width of the references on the page. </p><p>Columns are currently supported by browsers such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozilla_Firefox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozilla Firefox (page does not exist)">Mozilla Firefox</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Chrome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Chrome (page does not exist)">Google Chrome</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safari_(browser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safari (browser) (page does not exist)">Safari</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera_(browser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opera (browser) (page does not exist)">Opera</a>. See <a href="#Browser_support_for_columns">below</a> for more information. </p><p>The use of columns can result in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Widows_and_orphans&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Widows and orphans (page does not exist)">widows and orphans</a>, where a citation at the bottom of a column may be split to the top of the next column. There are CSS3 selectors that could resolve this, but they are not yet supported by any major browsers. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Examples">Examples</h3></div> <table width="90%" style="border-width: medium; margin-left:"> <caption><b>Columns</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="50%" scope="col">Markup </th> <th width="50%" scope="col">Renders as <p>  </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid none none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0;border:none;padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap;white-space:-o-pre-wrap;white-space:-pre-wrap;white-space:pre-wrap; ">Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|2}}</pre> </td> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid solid none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p>Lorem ipsum.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%; -moz-column-count:2; -webkit-column-count:2; column-count:2; list-style-type:decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table width="90%" style="border-width: medium; margin-left:"> <caption><b>Column width 30em</b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="50%" scope="col">Markup </th> <th width="50%" scope="col">Renders as <p>  </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid none none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0;border:none;padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap;white-space:-o-pre-wrap;white-space:-pre-wrap;white-space:pre-wrap; ">Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|30em}}</pre> </td> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid solid none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p>Lorem ipsum.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%; -moz-column-width:30em; -webkit-column-width:30em; column-width:30em; list-style-type:decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <table width="90%" style="border-width: medium; margin-left:"> <caption><b><code style="white-space:nowrap;">|colwidth=30em</code></b> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th width="50%" scope="col">Markup </th> <th width="50%" scope="col">Renders as <p>  </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid none none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0;border:none;padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap;white-space:-o-pre-wrap;white-space:-pre-wrap;white-space:pre-wrap; ">Lorem ipsum.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<ref>Source name, access date, etc.</ref> ==References== {{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}</pre> </td> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid solid none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p>Lorem ipsum.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="reflist references-column-width" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%; -moz-column-width:30em; -webkit-column-width:30em; column-width:30em; list-style-type:decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-7">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Source name, access date, etc.</span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List_styles">List styles</h3></div> <p>Reference lists are by default numbered lists. By using the <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|liststyle=</code> parameter, you can control how the list is rendered. For example, using <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|liststyle=upper-roman</code> will result in items being prefixed with <a href="/w/index.php?title=Roman_numerals&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Roman numerals (page does not exist)">roman numerals</a> instead of decimal numbers. The parameter accepts any valid CSS value defined for <code>list-style-type</code> as shown below. </p><p>The citations in the reference list will show the default decimal styling if: </p> <ul><li>The value for <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|liststyle=</code> does not exactly match one of the predefined values</li> <li>The value for <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|liststyle=</code> is enclosed by quotes</li> <li>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}} is indented with the : markup</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Multiple_uses">Multiple uses</h3></div> <p>If {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}} is used multiple times without a parameter, each instance will include all of the previously defined references. To force the parser to close previous references, each use of {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}} must be forced as a new instance by the use of any parameter. If no parameter is desired, the convention is to use the undefined parameter <kbd>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">reflist</a>|close}}</kbd>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="List-defined_references">List-defined references</h3></div> <p>A list of references may be defined within {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}} using the <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|refs=</code> parameter, just like including named <ref name=". . ."> elements inside the <references /> container. This has been available since September 2009. There are new error messages associated with this feature, documented at <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Cite_errors&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Cite errors (page does not exist)">Help:Cite errors</a>, including one for references defined in {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}} but not used within the body. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Example">Example</h4></div> <table width="90%" style="border-width: medium; margin-left:"> <tbody><tr> <th width="50%" scope="col">Markup </th> <th width="50%" scope="col">Renders as <p>  </p> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid none none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:9px 5px 5px; vertical-align:top;"><pre style="margin:0;border:none;padding:0; word-wrap:break-word; white-space:-moz-pre-wrap;white-space:-o-pre-wrap;white-space:-pre-wrap;white-space:pre-wrap; ">This is reference 1.<ref name="refname1" /> This is reference 2.<ref name="refname2" /> ==References== {{Reflist|refs= <ref name="refname1">content1</ref> <ref name="refname2">content2</ref> }}</pre> </td> <td style="width:50%; background:#f9f9f9;color: #202122; border-width:1px;border-style:solid solid none solid;border-color:#ddd; padding:5px; vertical-align:top;"><div style=""> <p>This is reference 1.<sup id="cite_ref-refname1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refname1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>decimal 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is reference 2.<sup id="cite_ref-refname2_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-refname2-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>decimal 2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="reflist" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%; list-style-type:decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-refname1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-refname1_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">content1</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-refname2-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-refname2_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">content2</span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr> <td scope="row" width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td> <td width="50%" style="border-width: 1px; padding: 5px; border-style: dashed none none none; border-color: gray; vertical-align:text-top;"> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Grouped_references">Grouped references</h3></div> <p>As of June 2008, the footnotes system supports the separation of references into groups. This allows groups for explanatory notes, table references and the like. See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WP:REFGROUP" class="extiw" title="w:WP:REFGROUP">WP:REFGROUP</a>. </p><p>The general format for the reference tag is: </p> <dl><dd><code class="nowrap"><ref group="groupname"></code></dd></dl> <p>And using <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|group=</code> for the reflist: </p> <dl><dd><kbd>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">reflist</a>|group="groupname"}}</kbd></dd></dl> <dl><dd>Where <var>groupname</var> is a group identifier such as "notes", "nb" or "label".</dd></dl> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Technical_details">Technical details</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Browser_support_for_columns">Browser support for columns</h3></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r13856904">.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut{display:table;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #999;margin:2px 0px 2px 8px;float:right;clear:right}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div{display:table-row-group;background-color:#fff}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div>div{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div>div>div{display:table-cell;font-size:86%;font-weight:bold;padding:4px;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .wst-shortcut>div>div>div>span{letter-spacing:1px}</style><div class="wst-shortcut noprint"><div><div><div> <p><span><a href="/wiki/Wikisource:Shortcut" title="Wikisource:Shortcut">Shortcut</a>: </span><br />WP:REFCOLS </p> </div></div></div></div> <p><br /> Multiple columns are generated by using <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cascading_Style_Sheets&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cascading Style Sheets (page does not exist)">CSS3</a>, which is still in development; thus only browsers that properly support the multi-column property will show multiple columns with {{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}}.<sup id="cite_ref-stuffandnonsense_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-stuffandnonsense-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-w3org1_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-w3org1-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>These browsers <b>support</b> CSS3 columns: </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gecko_(layout_engine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gecko (layout engine) (page does not exist)">Gecko</a>-based browsers such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mozilla_Firefox&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mozilla Firefox (page does not exist)">Mozilla Firefox</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WebKit&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WebKit (page does not exist)">WebKit</a>-based browsers such as <a href="/w/index.php?title=Safari_(web_browser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safari (web browser) (page does not exist)">Safari</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Google_Chrome&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Google Chrome (page does not exist)">Google Chrome</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera_(web_browser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opera (web browser) (page does not exist)">Opera</a> from version 11.10 onward</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internet_Explorer&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internet Explorer (page does not exist)">Internet Explorer</a> 10 Platform Preview</li></ul> <p>These browsers do <b>not support</b> CSS3 columns: </p> <ul><li>Microsoft <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trident_(layout_engine)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trident (layout engine) (page does not exist)">Trident</a>-based browsers including Internet Explorer through to version 9<sup id="cite_ref-msdn_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-msdn-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Opera_(web_browser)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Opera (web browser) (page does not exist)">Opera</a> through to version 11</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Supporting_CSS">Supporting CSS</h3></div> <p>{{<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Reflist</a>}} uses a CSS rule in <a href="/wiki/MediaWiki:Common.css" title="MediaWiki:Common.css">MediaWiki:Common.css</a> to set the font size: </p> <ul><li><code>div.reflist { font-size: 90%; }</code></li></ul> <p>One of the following classes is assigned by the template when either column count or column width is set: </p> <ul><li><code>.references-column-count</code> and <code>.references-column-count-<i>n</i></code> (where <code><i>n</i></code> is the number of columns)</li> <li><code>.references-column-width</code></li></ul> <p>The following CSS properties are utilized using the {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Column-count" title="Template:Column-count">column-count</a>}} and {{<a href="/wiki/Template:Column-width" title="Template:Column-width">column-width</a>}} templates: </p> <ul><li><code>column-count</code> CSS3 standard</li> <li><code>column-width</code> CSS3 standard</li> <li><code>-moz-column-count</code> Mozilla CSS extension</li> <li><code>-moz-column-width</code> Mozilla CSS extension</li> <li><code>-webkit-column-count</code> Webkit CSS extension</li> <li><code>-webkit-column-width</code> Webkit CSS extension</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Customizing_the_view">Customizing the view</h3></div> <p>By editing your CSS, the personal appearance of the reference list can be customized. From <a href="/wiki/Special:Preferences" title="Special:Preferences">Preferences</a>, select the Appearance tab, then on the selected skin select Custom CSS. After editing and saving, follow the instructions at the top of the page to purge. See <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skin#Customisation_(advanced_users)" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Skin">Wikipedia:Skin#Customisation (advanced users)</a> for more help. </p> <dl><dt>Font size</dt></dl> <p>The font size for all reference lists defaults to 90% of the standard size. To change it, add: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="nt">ol</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">references</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">reflist</span><span class="o">,</span> <span class="nt">div</span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">refbegin</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">font-size</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">90</span><span class="kt">%</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Change 90% to the desired size. </p> <dl><dt>Columns</dt></dl> <p>To disable columns, add: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">references-column-count</span><span class="o">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">references-column-width</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column-count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column-width</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">-moz-</span><span class="k">column-count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">-moz-</span><span class="k">column-width</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">-webkit-</span><span class="k">column-count</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">-webkit-</span><span class="k">column-width</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">auto</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="cp">!important</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>Similarly, to force all reference lists to a number of columns, change the number. </p> <dl><dt>Column dividers</dt></dl> <p>To add dividers (rules) between columns, add: </p> <div class="mw-highlight mw-highlight-lang-css mw-content-ltr" dir="ltr"><pre><span></span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">references-column-count</span><span class="o">,</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">.</span><span class="nc">references-column-width</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="p">{</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="k">column-rule</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">solid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#aaa</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">-moz-</span><span class="k">column-rule</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">solid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#aaa</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="w"> </span><span class="kp">-webkit-</span><span class="k">column-rule</span><span class="p">:</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mi">1</span><span class="kt">px</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="kc">solid</span><span class="w"> </span><span class="mh">#aaa</span><span class="p">;</span> <span class="p">}</span> </pre></div> <p>You can alter the appearance of the dividers by changing the values. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Perennial_suggestions">Perennial suggestions</h2></div> <dl><dt>Collapsing and scrolling</dt></dl> <p>There have been a number of requests to add functionality for a collapsible or <a href="/w/index.php?title=WP:SCROLLING&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WP:SCROLLING (page does not exist)">scrolling</a> reference list. These requests have not been fulfilled to due to issues with readability, accessibility, and printing. The applicable guidelines are at . Links between the inline cite and the reference list do not work when the reference list is enclosed in a collapsed box. </p><p>To display the reference list in a scrollbox or collapsed per user, see <a href="/w/index.php?title=Help:Reference_display_customization&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Help:Reference display customization (page does not exist)">Help:Reference display customization</a>. </p><p>For discussion on previous attempts to do this with a template, see the discussions for <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templates_for_deletion/Log/2007_June_11#Template:Scrollref" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Templates for deletion/Log/2007 June 11">Scrollref</a> and <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Templates_for_discussion/Log/2010_May_26#Template:Refbox" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Templates for discussion/Log/2010 May 26">Refbox</a>. </p> <dl><dt>Including the section title</dt></dl> <p>There have been suggestions to include section header markup such as <code>==References==</code>. This is inadvisable because: </p> <ul><li>There is no standard section name; see <a href="/w/index.php?title=WP:FNNR&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WP:FNNR (page does not exist)">WP:FNNR</a>.</li> <li>When transcluded, the article will have an edit link that will confusingly open the template for editing.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citing_sources" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Citing sources">Wikipedia:Citing sources</a> – style guide for the citation of sources</li> <li><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Citation_templates" class="extiw" title="wikipedia:Citation templates">Wikipedia:Citation templates</a> – templates for use with references</li></ul> <p><b>Variants</b> </p> <ul><li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Smallrefs" title="Template:Smallrefs">smallrefs</a>}} Use in place of <code><references/></code> when a smaller type size is desired.</li> <li>{{<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Template_reference_list&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Template reference list (page does not exist)">Template reference list</a>}} – version of reflist for use in templates</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Reflist-talk" title="Template:Reflist-talk">Reflist-talk</a>}} – for use on talk pages</li> <li>{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Notelist" title="Template:Notelist">Notelist</a>}} – for use with explanatory notes; sets <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|group=lower-alpha</code></li> <li>{{<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Notelist-ua&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Notelist-ua (page does not exist)">Notelist-ua</a>}} – for use with explanatory notes; sets <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|group=upper-alpha</code></li> <li>{{<a href="/w/index.php?title=Template:Notelist-lr&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template:Notelist-lr (page does not exist)">Notelist-lr</a>}} – for use with explanatory notes; sets <code style="white-space:nowrap;">|group=lower-roman</code></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <div class="reflist" style="font-size:92%; line-height:130%; list-style-type:decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-stuffandnonsense-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-stuffandnonsense_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stuffandnonsense.co.uk/archives/css3_multi-column_thriller.html">"CSS3 Multi-Column Thriller"</a>. December 30, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2006</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikisource.org%3ATemplate%3AReflist&rft.btitle=CSS3+Multi-Column+Thriller&rft.date=December+30%2C+2005&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stuffandnonsense.co.uk%2Farchives%2Fcss3_multi-column_thriller.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-w3org1-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-w3org1_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-multicol/">"CSS3 module: Multi-column layout"</a>. <a href="/w/index.php?title=World_Wide_Web_Consortium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="World Wide Web Consortium (page does not exist)">W3C</a>. December 15, 2005<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2006</span>.</span><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikisource.org%3ATemplate%3AReflist&rft.btitle=CSS3+module%3A+Multi-column+layout&rft.date=December+15%2C+2005&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=W3C&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.w3.org%2FTR%2Fcss3-multicol%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-msdn-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-msdn_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><span class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/cc351024(VS.85).aspx#multicolumn">"CSS Compatibility and Internet Explorer: Multi-column Layout"</a>. <i>Microsoft Developer Network</i>. Microsoft<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A6%9F%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9F:%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%82%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0_%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE" title="টেমপ্লেট:সূত্র তালিকা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="টেমপ্লেট:সূত্র তালিকা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablon:Refspisak" title="Šablon:Refspisak – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Šablon:Refspisak" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikisource.org/wiki/Plantilla:Refer%C3%A8ncies" title="Plantilla:Referències – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Plantilla:Referències" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikisource.org/wiki/Nodyn:Cyfeiriadau" title="Nodyn:Cyfeiriadau – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Nodyn:Cyfeiriadau" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikisource.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CF%8C%CF%84%CF%85%CF%80%CE%BF:Reflist" title="Πρότυπο:Reflist – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πρότυπο:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%9Cablono:Referencoj" title="Ŝablono:Referencoj – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Ŝablono:Referencoj" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikisource.org/wiki/Plantilla:Listaref" title="Plantilla:Listaref – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Plantilla:Listaref" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikisource.org/wiki/Mall:Viited" title="Mall:Viited – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mall:Viited" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikisource.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%DA%AF%D9%88:%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3" title="الگو:پانویس – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="الگو:پانویس" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikisource.org/wiki/Mod%C3%A8le:R%C3%A9f%C3%A9rences" title="Modèle:Références – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Modèle:Références" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikisource.org/wiki/Modelo:Listaref" title="Modelo:Listaref – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Modelo:Listaref" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%AA%A2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%82%E0%AA%9A%E0%AB%8B:Reflist" title="ઢાંચો:Reflist – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઢાંચો:Reflist" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikisource.org/wiki/%D7%AA%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%AA:%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%AA_%D7%A9%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9D" title="תבנית:הערות שוליים – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="תבנית:הערות שוליים" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Reflist" title="साँचा:Reflist – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साँचा:Reflist" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikisource.org/wiki/Predlo%C5%BEak:Reflist" title="Predložak:Reflist – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Predložak:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikisource.org/wiki/%D4%BF%D5%A1%D5%B2%D5%A1%D5%BA%D5%A1%D6%80:%D4%BE%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%81%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AF" title="Կաղապար:Ծանցանկ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Կաղապար:Ծանցանկ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikisource.org/wiki/Templat:Reflist" title="Templat:Reflist – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Templat:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikisource.org/wiki/%E3%83%86%E3%83%B3%E3%83%97%E3%83%AC%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88:Reflist" title="テンプレート:Reflist – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="テンプレート:Reflist" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikisource.org/wiki/Cithakan:Reflist" title="Cithakan:Reflist – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Cithakan:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%AA%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%87%E0%B2%9F%E0%B3%81:Reflist" title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Reflist – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಟೆಂಪ್ಲೇಟು:Reflist" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikisource.org/wiki/%ED%8B%80:%EA%B0%81%EC%A3%BC" title="틀:각주 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="틀:각주" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikisource.org/wiki/%C5%A0ablonas:I%C5%A1na%C5%A1%C5%B3_s%C4%85ra%C5%A1as" title="Šablonas:Išnašų sąrašas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Šablonas:Išnašų sąrašas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%BE%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0:Reflist" title="Предлошка:Reflist – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Предлошка:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Reflist" title="ഫലകം:Reflist – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഫലകം:Reflist" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mos mw-list-item"><a href="https://mos.wikisource.org/wiki/SCROLL" title="SCROLL – Mossi" lang="mos" hreflang="mos" data-title="SCROLL" data-language-autonym="Moore" data-language-local-name="Mossi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Moore</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9A%E0%A4%BE:Reflist" title="साचा:Reflist – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साचा:Reflist" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikisource.org/wiki/Templat:Reflist" title="Templat:Reflist – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Templat:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikisource.org/wiki/%E1%80%90%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%95%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AD%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA:Reflist" title="တမ်းပလိတ်:Reflist – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="တမ်းပလိတ်:Reflist" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikisource.org/wiki/Sjabloon:References" title="Sjabloon:References – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Sjabloon:References" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikisource.org/wiki/Mal:Reflist" title="Mal:Reflist – Norwegian" lang="no" hreflang="no" data-title="Mal:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Norsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%AC%9B%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%9E%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9A:Reflist" title="ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Reflist – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଛାଞ୍ଚ:Reflist" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AB%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE:Reflist" title="ਫਰਮਾ:Reflist – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਫਰਮਾ:Reflist" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikisource.org/wiki/Szablon:Przypisy" title="Szablon:Przypisy – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Szablon:Przypisy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikisource.org/wiki/Stamp:Reflist" title="Stamp:Reflist – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Stamp:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikisource.org/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Reflist" title="Predefinição:Reflist – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Predefinição:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikisource.org/wiki/Format:List%C4%83note" title="Format:Listănote – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Format:Listănote" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Шаблон:Примечания – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Шаблон:Примечания" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AB%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D:Reflist" title="फलकम्:Reflist – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="फलकम्:Reflist" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikisource.org/wiki/Predloga:Sklici" title="Predloga:Sklici – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Predloga:Sklici" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%98%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8" title="Шаблон:Извори – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Шаблон:Извори" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikisource.org/wiki/Citakan:Reflist" title="Citakan:Reflist – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Citakan:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%81:Reflist" title="வார்ப்புரு:Reflist – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வார்ப்புரு:Reflist" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B8:Reflist" title="మూస:Reflist – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మూస:Reflist" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikisource.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%88%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%9A:%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%87" title="แม่แบบ:รายการอ้างอิง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แม่แบบ:รายการอ้างอิง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikisource.org/wiki/%D0%A8%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD:%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%82%D0%BA%D0%B8" title="Шаблон:Примітки – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Шаблон:Примітки" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikisource.org/wiki/B%E1%BA%A3n_m%E1%BA%ABu:Reflist" title="Bản mẫu:Reflist – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bản mẫu:Reflist" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/Template:Reflist" title="Template:Reflist – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="Template:Reflist" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5462890#sitelinks-wikisource" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 26 October 2022, at 20:44.</li> <li 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