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.infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hproduct vevent"><caption class="infobox-title fn summary">DECtalk</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg/220px-DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg/330px-DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg/440px-DECtalk_DCT01_and_Tink.jpg 2x" data-file-width="471" data-file-height="336" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">DECtalk DTC01 (with a cat for scale)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Developer</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Speech_synthesizer" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech synthesizer">speech synthesizer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Text-to-speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-speech">text-to-speech</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Release date</th><td class="infobox-data">1984<span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated itvstart">1984</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-dectalkpreannounce1984_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dectalkpreannounce1984-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Introductory price</th><td class="infobox-data">DTC01 <span style="white-space: nowrap">US$4,000</span> (equivalent to $11,731 in 2023)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Connectivity</th><td class="infobox-data">RS-232C serial interface<sup id="cite_ref-dectalkpreannounce1984_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dectalkpreannounce1984-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Computing_platform" title="Computing platform">Platform</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/OpenVMS" title="OpenVMS">OpenVMS</a>, <a href="/wiki/ULTRIX" class="mw-redirect" title="ULTRIX">ULTRIX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Digital_UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital UNIX">Digital UNIX</a>, <a href="/wiki/Windows_NT" title="Windows NT">Windows NT</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Dimensions</th><td class="infobox-data">(DTC01 = W 45.7 cm x D 30.48 cm x H 10.16 cm ( 18in x 12in x 4in) )</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Weight</th><td class="infobox-data">(DTC01 = 7.2 kg (16 lbs))</td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="15" data-mwtitle="DECtalk_demo.flac" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:DECtalk_demo.flac"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/DECtalk_demo.flac/DECtalk_demo.flac.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/c/c7/DECtalk_demo.flac/DECtalk_demo.flac.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c7/DECtalk_demo.flac" type="audio/flac" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ADECtalk_demo.flac&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption>DECtalk demo recording using the Perfect Paul and Uppity Ursula voices</figcaption></figure> <p><b>DECtalk</b><sup id="cite_ref-DECtalk.NYT84_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DECtalk.NYT84-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a <a href="/wiki/Speech_synthesizer" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech synthesizer">speech synthesizer</a> and <a href="/wiki/Text-to-speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-speech">text-to-speech</a> technology developed by <a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a> in 1983,<sup id="cite_ref-dectalkpreannounce1984_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dectalkpreannounce1984-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> based largely on the work of <a href="/wiki/Dennis_H._Klatt" title="Dennis H. Klatt">Dennis Klatt</a> at <a href="/wiki/MIT" class="mw-redirect" title="MIT">MIT</a>, whose source-filter algorithm was variously known as KlattTalk or MITalk.<sup id="cite_ref-klatt_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-klatt-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Uses ranged from interacting with the public to allowing those with speech disabilities to verbalize, include giving a public speech.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Announced December 1983, a trickle came February 1984; larger <i>DECtalk</i> quantities were delivered in March.<sup id="cite_ref-DECtalk.HardcopyFeb84_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DECtalk.HardcopyFeb84-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>They were standalone units that connected to any device with an <a href="/wiki/Asynchronous_serial_communication" title="Asynchronous serial communication">asynchronous</a> <a href="/wiki/Serial_port" title="Serial port">serial port</a>. These units were also able to connect to the telephone system by having two telephone jacks. One connected to a phone line, the other to a telephone. The DECtalk units could recognize and generate any telephone <a href="/wiki/Touch_tone" class="mw-redirect" title="Touch tone">touch tone</a>. With that capability the units could be used to automate various telephone-related tasks by handling both incoming and outgoing calls. This included acting as an interface to an email system and the capability to function as an alerting system by utilizing the ability to place calls and interact via touch tones with the person answering the phone. </p><p>Later units were produced for PCs with <a href="/wiki/Industry_Standard_Architecture" title="Industry Standard Architecture">ISA</a> bus slots. In addition, various software implementations were produced, most notably the DECtalk Access32. Such implementations began as explorations into real-time software synthesis on general purpose CPUs,<sup id="cite_ref-dec_crl9210_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dec_crl9210-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap">: <span title="Pages: 2
Quotation: "In our laboratory, we have demonstrated the DECtalk speech synthesizer as a purely software algorithm running in real-time while consuming about 37% of a 25 MHz R3000 processor."" class="tooltip tooltip-dashed" style="border-bottom: 1px dashed;">2</span> </sup> subsequently delivering a DECtalk Software product for <a href="/wiki/Digital_Unix" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital Unix">Digital Unix</a> and for Windows NT on Alpha and Intel processors.<sup id="cite_ref-dtj1995_dectalk_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dtj1995_dectalk-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Certain versions of the synthesizer were prone to undesirable characteristics. For example, the <a href="/wiki/Alveolar_stop" title="Alveolar stop">alveolar stops</a> were often assimilated as sounding more like <a href="/wiki/Dental_stop" title="Dental stop">dental stops</a>. Also, versions such as Access32 would produce faint electronic beeps at the end of phrases. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/History_of_Digital_Equipment_Corporation#Final_years" class="mw-redirect" title="History of Digital Equipment Corporation">final years</a>, early/mid-2000,<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the DECtalk IP was sold to Force Computers, Inc. In December 2001, the IP was sold<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from Force Computers, Inc, to Fonix Speech, Inc. (now <a href="/wiki/SpeechFX" title="SpeechFX">SpeechFX, Inc.</a>), which offers DECtalk as a small-footprint <a href="/wiki/Text-to-speech" class="mw-redirect" title="Text-to-speech">TTS</a> system and in a computer program form.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Features">Features</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Features"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i> wrote: "like a scratchy recording of a person with a lisp" but added "usually understandable."<sup id="cite_ref-DECtalk.NYT84_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DECtalk.NYT84-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DECtalk had a number of built-in voices which were identified by the following names: Perfect Paul (the default voice), Beautiful Betty, Huge Harry, Frail Frank, Kit the Kid, Rough Rita, Uppity Ursula, Doctor Dennis and Whispering Wendy. Each of the voices were editable by adjusting various parameters (such as throat size, crossover frequencies, etc.). </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><audio id="mwe_player_1" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" style="width:220px;" data-durationhint="30" data-mwtitle="Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac/Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac.ogg" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-transcodekey="ogg" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/8f/Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac/Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/8f/Daisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac" type="audio/flac" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3ADaisy_Bell_sung_by_DECtalk.flac&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English ‪(en)‬" data-dir="ltr" /></audio></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Daisy_Bell" title="Daisy Bell">Daisy Bell</a> sung by DECtalk</figcaption></figure> <p>DECtalk understood phonetic spellings of words, allowing customized pronunciation of unusual words. These phonetic spellings could also include a pitch and duration notation which DECtalk would use when enunciating the phonetic components. This allowed DECtalk to sing. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The DECtalk engine was notably used in the US <a href="/wiki/National_Weather_Service" title="National Weather Service">National Weather Service</a>'s first "Console Replacement System" (CRS) installations in the late 1990s for <a href="/wiki/NOAA_Weather_Radio" title="NOAA Weather Radio">NOAA Weather Radio</a>. As of 2003<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit">[update]</a></sup> it had all but been replaced by a far more modern engine called Speechify from <a href="/wiki/SpeechWorks" title="SpeechWorks">SpeechWorks</a> (not to be confused with the <a href="/wiki/Speechify" title="Speechify">iOS app of the same name</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> DECtalk's Perfect Paul preset voiced <a href="/wiki/Station_identification" title="Station identification">station identifications</a> on many NWR stations until the CRS was replaced by a new system, called the "Broadcast Message Handler" (BMH), in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Huge Harry is predominantly used in <a href="/wiki/Automatic_terminal_information_service" title="Automatic terminal information service">ATIS</a> messages for most airports providing such information including prevailing weather conditions.</li> <li>One of the early uses was a "text to voice" system that read an individual's emergency medical information (medications, allergies, doctor, insurance and contact info stored in a database) to hospitals telephoning in about patients presenting at emergency rooms. The company, Med-Fax, created by David Grober in 1986, used the DECtalk on an IBM platform, making it one of the early cross platform applications (DEC to IBM).</li> <li>DECtalk can be used as part of a <a href="/wiki/Speech_generating_device" class="mw-redirect" title="Speech generating device">speech generating device</a> for those unable to speak. A notable user was <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Hawking" title="Stephen Hawking">Stephen Hawking</a>, who was unable to speak due to a combination of severe disabilities caused by <a href="/wiki/Amyotrophic_lateral_sclerosis" class="mw-redirect" title="Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis">ALS</a> as well as an emergency <a href="/wiki/Tracheotomy" title="Tracheotomy">tracheotomy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hawking used a version of the DECtalk voice synthesizer for several years<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and came to be associated with the unique voice of the device. In 2011, Hawking's research assistant Sam Blackburn said Hawking still used a version of DECtalk identified on its board as the "Calltext 5010" manufactured in 1988 by SpeechPlus, Inc.,<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> because he identified with it and had not heard a voice he liked better. The CallText 5010 was still listed on Hawking's site as of 2015<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A team from Cambridge (UK) and Palo Alto eventually emulated the workings of the CallText 5010 on a <a href="/wiki/Raspberry_Pi" title="Raspberry Pi">Raspberry Pi</a>, which Hawking used from January 2018 to his death in March of that year.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>The character "Dee Klatt" from <a href="/wiki/Chipspeech" title="Chipspeech">Chipspeech</a> was based on data from this device.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In the sixth episode of <a href="/wiki/Tales_from_the_Darkside" title="Tales from the Darkside">Tales from the Darkside</a>, Mookie and Pookie, the voice of Kevin "Mookie" Anderson is created with a DECtalk.</li> <li>The video game <i><a href="/wiki/Moonbase_Alpha_(video_game)" class="mw-redirect" title="Moonbase Alpha (video game)">Moonbase Alpha</a></i> uses a software version of DECTalk for chat text. Several viral videos were created showcasing users using the chat in a nonsensical manner and using its ability to sing songs.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/Experimental_rock" title="Experimental rock">experimental rock</a> band <a href="/wiki/The_Space_Negros" title="The Space Negros">The Space Negros</a> uses DECTalk in their 1986 song "Robot."</li> <li>DECTalk was used in the song "Music Non Stop" by the band <a href="/wiki/Kraftwerk" title="Kraftwerk">Kraftwerk</a>. (Released 1986) It was edited and recorded by Florian Schneider and Karl Bartos at Kling Klang Studio Düsseldorf.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>DECTalk's built in "Perfect Paul" voice has been ported to the freeware singing voice synthesizer <a href="/wiki/Utau" title="Utau">UTAU</a> by the user UtaUtaUtau.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dectalkpreannounce1984-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dectalkpreannounce1984_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dectalkpreannounce1984_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dectalkpreannounce1984_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ey4EAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA21">DECtalk lets micros read messages over phone</a>, By Peggy Zientara, InfoWorld, Jan 9-16, 1984, Page 21 and 23, <i>...DECtalk, which the company says will be available in March at a price of $4000...The DECtalk hardware, which fits easily under a 12-inch monitor...The unit attaches to a personal computer via an RS-232C serial interface...</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=iwX8vVdMAckC&pg=PA39">Advertisement:We just turned every touch-tone phone into a financial clearinghouse.</a>, Computerworld, 18 Feb 1985, Page 39</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=K-xYGYcetx4C&pg=RA1-PA71&q=%22DECtalk%22">Advertisement: INTRODUCING DECTALK THE REVOLUTIONARY NEW TERMINAL THAT LETS YOUR COMPUTER SPEAK FOR ITSELF.</a>, Computerworld, 23 Jul 1984, Page 70-71, <i>...The DECtalk system is available now for $4000* or less depending on quantity...</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DECtalk.NYT84-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-DECtalk.NYT84_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-DECtalk.NYT84_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAndrew_Pollack1984" class="citation news cs1">Andrew Pollack (January 5, 1984). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1984/01/05/business/technology-audiotex-data-by-telephone.html">"Technology; Audiotex: Data By Telephone"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Technology%3B+Audiotex%3A+Data+By+Telephone&rft.date=1984-01-05&rft.au=Andrew+Pollack&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1984%2F01%2F05%2Fbusiness%2Ftechnology-audiotex-data-by-telephone.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-klatt-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-klatt_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlatt1987" class="citation cs2">Klatt, Dennis (April 1987), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://searchworks.stanford.edu/view/6824203">"How Klattalk became DECtalk: An Academic's Experiences in the Business World"</a>, <i>The official proceedings of Speech Tech '87</i>, New York: Media Dimensions Inc./Penn State, pp. <span class="nowrap">293–</span>294</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+official+proceedings+of+Speech+Tech+%2787&rft.atitle=How+Klattalk+became+DECtalk%3A+An+Academic%27s+Experiences+in+the+Business+World&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E293-%3C%2Fspan%3E294&rft.date=1987-04&rft.aulast=Klatt&rft.aufirst=Dennis&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsearchworks.stanford.edu%2Fview%2F6824203&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=f2_sPyfVG3AC&pg=PA42">Computer talk: amazing new realism in synthetic speech</a>, By T. A. Heppenhemimer, Popular Science, Jan 1986, Page 42 and 44 and 48, <i>..with the creator of DECtalk, Dennis Klatt...Ironically having given computers the power of speech, he slowly losing his own...DECtalk - actually a micro computer itself -...</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGlenn_Rifkin1990" class="citation news cs1">Glenn Rifkin (December 16, 1990). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1990/12/16/business/technology-a-wider-work-force-by-computer.html">"Technology; A Wider Work Force by Computer"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. <q>the audience heard the DECtalk, voicing words that the educator typed into his computer.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Technology%3B+A+Wider+Work+Force+by+Computer&rft.date=1990-12-16&rft.au=Glenn+Rifkin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1990%2F12%2F16%2Fbusiness%2Ftechnology-a-wider-work-force-by-computer.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKari_Haskell2002" class="citation news cs1">Kari Haskell (December 12, 2002). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2002/12/12/nyregion/the-neediest-cases-battling-federal-bureaucracy-to-have-his-benefits-restored.html">"The Neediest Cases; Battling Federal Bureaucracy To Have His Benefits Restored"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=The+Neediest+Cases%3B+Battling+Federal+Bureaucracy+To+Have+His+Benefits+Restored&rft.date=2002-12-12&rft.au=Kari+Haskell&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2002%2F12%2F12%2Fnyregion%2Fthe-neediest-cases-battling-federal-bureaucracy-to-have-his-benefits-restored.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DECtalk.HardcopyFeb84-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-DECtalk.HardcopyFeb84_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrian_J._Edwards1984" class="citation magazine cs1">Brian J. Edwards, ed. (February 1984). "DECtalk Speaks into the Future". <i><a href="/wiki/HARDCOPY" class="mw-redirect" title="HARDCOPY">HARDCOPY</a></i>. pp. <span class="nowrap">84–</span>85.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=HARDCOPY&rft.atitle=DECtalk+Speaks+into+the+Future&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E84-%3C%2Fspan%3E85&rft.date=1984-02&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dec_crl9210-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dec_crl9210_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStewartPayneLevergood1992" class="citation techreport cs1">Stewart, Lawrence C.; Payne, Andrew C.; Levergood, Thomas M. (November 16, 1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/bitsavers_dectechrep_225440/page/n5/mode/1up"><i>Are DSP Chips Obsolete?</i></a> (Technical report). Digital Equipment Corporation<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved August 25, 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://utautautau.neocities.org/voicebanks/paul.html">"El Rincon del UtaUtaUtau"</a>. <i>utautautau.neocities.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 16,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=utautautau.neocities.org&rft.atitle=El+Rincon+del+UtaUtaUtau&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Futautautau.neocities.org%2Fvoicebanks%2Fpaul.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/dectalk/dectalk">dectalk</a> on <a href="/wiki/GitHub" title="GitHub">GitHub</a>—modern builds for the DECtalk text-to-speech application</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation audio-visual cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=097K1uMIPyQ"><i>Klatt's Last Tapes - History of Speech Synthesis</i></a>. <i>BBC Radio 4 program</i> (voice with slides).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Klatt%27s+Last+Tapes+-+History+of+Speech+Synthesis&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D097K1uMIPyQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADECtalk" class="Z3988"></span> (see also: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://communicationaids.info/history-speech-synthesisers/">full transcript</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180315134438/http://communicationaids.info/history-speech-synthesisers/">archive link</a>)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://neilrieck.net/docs/openvms_notes_DECtalk.html">OpenVMS Notes: DECtalk</a> Model numbers.</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://amhistory.si.edu/archives/speechsynthesis/ss_dec1.htm">NMAH: Smithsonian Speech Synthesis History Project: A Brief History of DECtalk</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Digital_Equipment_Corporation805" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Template:Digital Equipment Corporation"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Template talk:Digital Equipment Corporation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Digital Equipment Corporation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Digital_Equipment_Corporation805" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Digital_Equipment_Corporation" title="Digital Equipment Corporation">Digital Equipment Corporation</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Key people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ken_Olsen" title="Ken Olsen">Ken Olsen</a> (founder and CEO, 1957–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harlan_Anderson" title="Harlan Anderson">Harlan Anderson</a> (co-founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gordon_Bell" title="Gordon Bell">Gordon Bell</a> (VP of engineering)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Palmer_(computer_businessman)" title="Robert Palmer (computer businessman)">Robert Palmer</a> (CEO, 1992–1998)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg/110px-Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg/165px-Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg/220px-Digital_Equipment_Corporation_1993_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3124" data-file-height="938" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Instruction_set_architecture" title="Instruction set architecture">Instruction set<br />architectures</a>,<br /><a href="/wiki/Processor_(computing)" title="Processor (computing)">processors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/PDP-11_architecture" title="PDP-11 architecture">PDP-11</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>LSI-11</li> <li>F-11</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_T-11" title="DEC T-11">T-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_J-11" title="DEC J-11">J-11</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/VAX" title="VAX">VAX</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEC_V-11" title="DEC V-11">V-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MicroVAX_78032" title="MicroVAX 78032">MicroVAX 78032</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CVAX" title="CVAX">CVAX</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CVAX#SOC" title="CVAX">SOC</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigel_(microprocessor)" title="Rigel (microprocessor)">Rigel</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rigel_(microprocessor)#Mariah" title="Rigel (microprocessor)">Mariah</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NVAX" title="NVAX">NVAX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/DEC_Alpha" title="DEC Alpha">Alpha</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21064" title="Alpha 21064">Alpha 21064</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21064#Alpha_21066" title="Alpha 21064">21066</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21064#Alpha_21068" title="Alpha 21064">21068</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21164" title="Alpha 21164">Alpha 21164</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alpha_21164#Alpha_21164PC_(PCA56)" title="Alpha 21164">21164PC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21264" title="Alpha 21264">Alpha 21264</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21364" title="Alpha 21364">Alpha 21364</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpha_21464" title="Alpha 21464">Alpha 21464</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DEC_PRISM" title="DEC PRISM">MicroPRISM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/StrongARM" title="StrongARM">StrongARM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Computer_terminal" title="Computer terminal">Computer<br />terminals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/VT05" title="VT05">VT05</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_GT40" title="DEC GT40">GT40</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT52" title="VT52">VT50/VT52</a> (1975)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT55" class="mw-redirect" title="VT55">VT55</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT62" class="mw-redirect" title="VT62">VT62</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT100" title="VT100">VT100</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT101" class="mw-redirect" title="VT101">VT101</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT102" class="mw-redirect" title="VT102">VT102</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT103" class="mw-redirect" title="VT103">VT103</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT105" class="mw-redirect" title="VT105">VT105</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT131" class="mw-redirect" title="VT131">VT131</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT180" title="VT180">VT180</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT220" title="VT220">VT220</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT240" class="mw-redirect" title="VT240">VT240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT241" class="mw-redirect" title="VT241">VT241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT320" title="VT320">VT320</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT330" class="mw-redirect" title="VT330">VT330</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT340" class="mw-redirect" title="VT340">VT340</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT420" title="VT420">VT420</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT1000" title="VT1000">VT1000</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT510" class="mw-redirect" title="VT510">VT510</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT520" title="VT520">VT520</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT525" class="mw-redirect" title="VT525">VT525</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Operating_system" title="Operating system">Operating<br />systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PDP-7#Software" title="PDP-7">DECsys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4K_Disk_Monitor_System" class="mw-redirect" title="4K Disk Monitor System">4K DMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commercial_Operating_System" title="Commercial Operating System">COS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOPS-10" title="TOPS-10">TOPS-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSX-15" class="mw-redirect" title="RSX-15">RSX-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TSS/8" title="TSS/8">TSS/8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OS/8" title="OS/8">OS/8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_BATCH-11/DOS-11" title="DEC BATCH-11/DOS-11">DOS-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RT-11" title="RT-11">RT-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSTS/E" title="RSTS/E">RSTS/E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RSX-11" title="RSX-11">RSX-11</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Interactive_Application_System" title="Interactive Application System">IAS</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUMPS#1970s" title="MUMPS">DSM-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TOPS-20" title="TOPS-20">TOPS-20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/OpenVMS" title="OpenVMS">VAX/VMS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAXELN" title="VAXELN">VAXELN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ultrix" title="Ultrix">Ultrix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_MICA" title="DEC MICA">MICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_UNIX" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital UNIX">Digital UNIX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Programming_language" title="Programming language">Programming<br />languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BASIC-8" title="BASIC-8">BASIC-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIBOL" title="DIBOL">DIBOL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FOCAL_(programming_language)" title="FOCAL (programming language)">FOCAL</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MACRO-10" title="MACRO-10">MACRO-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MACRO-11" title="MACRO-11">MACRO-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MUMPS" title="MUMPS">MUMPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAX_MACRO" title="VAX MACRO">VAX MACRO</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DIGITAL_Command_Language" title="DIGITAL Command Language">DIGITAL Command Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Character_encoding" title="Character encoding">Character sets</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Multinational_Character_Set" title="Multinational Character Set">Code page 1100</a> (Multinational)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_page_1287" title="Code page 1287">Code page 1287</a> (Greek)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Code_page_1288" title="Code page 1288">Code page 1288</a> (Turkish)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Hebrew" title="DEC Hebrew">Hebrew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Replacement_Character_Set" title="National Replacement Character Set">National Replacement</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_RADIX_50" title="DEC RADIX 50">RADIX 50</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Special_Graphics" title="DEC Special Graphics">Special Graphics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Technical_Character_Set" title="DEC Technical Character Set">Technical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Bus_(computing)" title="Bus (computing)">Bus standards</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Storage_Systems_Interconnect" title="Digital Storage Systems Interconnect">Digital Storage Systems Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Massbus" title="Massbus">Massbus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q-Bus" title="Q-Bus">Q-Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Standard_Disk_Interconnect" title="Standard Disk Interconnect">Standard Disk Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synchronous_Backplane_Interconnect" title="Synchronous Backplane Interconnect">Synchronous Backplane Interconnect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TURBOchannel" title="TURBOchannel">TURBOchannel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unibus" title="Unibus">Unibus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAXBI_bus" title="VAXBI bus">VAXBI bus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other <a href="/wiki/Computer_hardware" title="Computer hardware">hardware</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DECtalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECtape" title="DECtape">DECtape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECwriter" title="DECwriter">DECwriter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Linear_Tape" title="Digital Linear Tape">Digital Linear Tape</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamically_Redefined_Character_Set" title="Dynamically Redefined Character Set">Dynamically Redefined Character Set</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firefly_(cache_coherence_protocol)" title="Firefly (cache coherence protocol)">Firefly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flip-Chip_module" title="Flip-Chip module">Flip-Chip module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gold_key_(DEC)" title="Gold key (DEC)">Gold key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LK201" title="LK201">LK201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LK421" title="LK421">LK421</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mass_Storage_Control_Protocol" title="Mass Storage Control Protocol">Mass Storage Control Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PALcode" title="PALcode">PALcode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RA90" title="RA90">RA90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RK05" title="RK05">RK05</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RL02" title="RL02">RL02</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Star_coupler" title="Star coupler">Star coupler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Module" title="System Module">System Module</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TU81" title="TU81">TU81</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AdvFS" title="AdvFS">AdvFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AltaVista" title="AltaVista">AltaVista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compaq" title="Compaq">Compaq</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/CPU_Wars" title="CPU Wars">CPU Wars</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECnet" title="DECnet">DECnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DECUS" title="DECUS">DECUS</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HP-Interex" title="HP-Interex">HP-Interex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Federal_Credit_Union" title="Digital Federal Credit Union">Digital Federal Credit Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamic_debugging_technique" title="Dynamic debugging technique">Dynamic debugging technique</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FX!32" title="FX!32">FX!32</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Area_Transport" title="Local Area Transport">Local Area Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maintenance_Operations_Protocol" title="Maintenance Operations Protocol">Maintenance Operations Protocol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/On-line_Debugging_Tool" title="On-line Debugging Tool">On-line Debugging Tool</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PALcode" title="PALcode">PALcode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_Management_Services" title="Record Management Services">Record Management Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ReGIS" title="ReGIS">ReGIS</a></li> <li>Sequence and Batch Language</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixel" title="Sixel">Sixel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/System_Reference_Manual" class="mw-redirect" title="System Reference Manual">System Reference Manual</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DEC_Systems_Research_Center" title="DEC Systems Research Center">Systems Research Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TD/SMP" title="TD/SMP">TD/SMP</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Ultimate_Entrepreneur" title="The Ultimate Entrepreneur">The Ultimate Entrepreneur</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VT640" title="VT640">VT640</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WPS-8" title="WPS-8">WPS-8</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Template"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/16px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/23px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/83/Symbol_template_class_pink.svg/31px-Symbol_template_class_pink.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Template:DEC_hardware" title="Template:DEC 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software">Free software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ESpeak" title="ESpeak">eSpeak</a>/<a href="/wiki/ESpeakNG" class="mw-redirect" title="ESpeakNG">eSpeakNG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnopernicus" title="Gnopernicus">Gnopernicus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gnuspeech" title="Gnuspeech">Gnuspeech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orca_(assistive_technology)" title="Orca (assistive technology)">Orca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Speech_Synthesis_System" title="Festival Speech Synthesis System">Festival Speech Synthesis System</a>/<a href="/wiki/Festival_Speech_Synthesis_System#Flite" title="Festival Speech Synthesis System">Flite</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FreeTTS" title="FreeTTS">FreeTTS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatik_Text_Reader" title="Automatik Text Reader">Automatik Text Reader</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion" title="Retrieval-based Voice Conversion">Retrieval-based Voice Conversion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ESpeak" title="ESpeak">eCantorix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Festival_Speech_Synthesis_System" title="Festival Speech Synthesis System">Lyricos / Flinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinsy" title="Sinsy">Sinsy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retrieval-based_Voice_Conversion" title="Retrieval-based Voice Conversion">Retrieval-based Voice Conversion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;"><a href="/wiki/Proprietary_software" title="Proprietary software">Proprietary <br />software</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speaking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Polly" title="Amazon Polly">Amazon Polly</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">DECtalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Software_Automatic_Mouth" title="Software Automatic Mouth">Software Automatic Mouth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talk_It!" class="mw-redirect" title="Talk It!">Talk It!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Agent" title="Microsoft Agent">Microsoft Agent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Speech_API" title="Microsoft Speech API">Microsoft Speech API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_text-to-speech_voices" title="Microsoft text-to-speech voices">Microsoft text-to-speech voices</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Readspeaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Readspeaker">Readspeaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_browser" title="Voice browser">Voice browser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CoolSpeech" title="CoolSpeech">CoolSpeech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IVONA" class="mw-redirect" title="IVONA">IVONA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CereProc" title="CereProc">CereProc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CeVIO_Creative_Studio" class="mw-redirect" title="CeVIO Creative Studio">CeVIO Creative Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voiceroid" title="Voiceroid">Voiceroid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaLaVoice" title="LaLaVoice">LaLaVoice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/15.ai" title="15.ai">15.ai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ElevenLabs" title="ElevenLabs">ElevenLabs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Singing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alter/Ego" title="Alter/Ego">Alter/Ego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cantor_(music_software)" title="Cantor (music software)">Cantor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CeVIO" title="CeVIO">CeVIO Creative Studio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chipspeech" title="Chipspeech">Chipspeech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NIAONiao_Virtual_Singer" title="NIAONiao Virtual Singer">NIAONiao Virtual Singer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PPG_Phonem" title="PPG Phonem">PPG Phonem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symphonic_Choirs" title="Symphonic Choirs">Symphonic Choirs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utau" title="Utau">UTAU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocalina" title="Vocalina">Vocalina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vocaloid" title="Vocaloid">Vocaloid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xiaoice#Singer" title="Xiaoice">Xiaoice</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Machine</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Echo_II_(expansion_card)" title="Echo II (expansion card)">Echo II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mockingboard" title="Mockingboard">Mockingboard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pattern_playback" title="Pattern playback">Pattern playback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phasor_(sound_synthesizer)" title="Phasor (sound synthesizer)">Phasor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remote_infrared_audible_signage" title="Remote infrared audible signage">RIAS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Texas_Instruments_LPC_Speech_Chips" title="Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips">Texas Instruments LPC Speech Chips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Instrument_SP0256" title="General Instrument SP0256">General Instrument SP0256</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TuVox" title="TuVox">TuVox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Applications</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AOLbyPhone" class="mw-redirect" title="AOLbyPhone">AOLbyPhone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DialogOS" title="DialogOS">DialogOS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr._Sbaitso" title="Dr. Sbaitso">Dr. Sbaitso</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBROLA" title="MBROLA">MBROLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrator_(Windows)" title="Narrator (Windows)">Windows Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Microsoft_Speech_Server" title="Microsoft Speech Server">Microsoft Speech Server</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlainTalk" title="PlainTalk">PlainTalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_font" title="Voice font">Voice font</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Protocols</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Speech_Synthesis_Markup_Language" title="Speech Synthesis Markup Language">Speech Synthesis Markup Language</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SABLE" title="SABLE">SABLE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VoiceXML" title="VoiceXML">VoiceXML</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Developers/<br />Researchers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_W._Black" title="Alan W. Black">Alan W. Black</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catherine_Browman" title="Catherine Browman">Catherine Browman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Seaney_Cooper" class="mw-redirect" title="Franklin Seaney Cooper">Franklin Seaney Cooper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gunnar_Fant" title="Gunnar Fant">Gunnar Fant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haskins_Laboratories" title="Haskins Laboratories">Haskins Laboratories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_von_Kempelen" title="Wolfgang von Kempelen">Wolfgang von Kempelen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ignatius_Mattingly" title="Ignatius Mattingly">Ignatius Mattingly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philip_Rubin" title="Philip Rubin">Philip Rubin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yamaha_Corporation" title="Yamaha Corporation">Yamaha</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background: Gainsboro;">Process</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Articulatory_synthesis" title="Articulatory synthesis">Articulatory synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concatenative_synthesis" title="Concatenative synthesis">Concatenative synthesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Currah" title="Currah">Currah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inverse_filter" title="Inverse filter">Inverse filter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSOLA" title="PSOLA">PSOLA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phase_vocoder" title="Phase vocoder">Phase vocoder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-voicing" title="Self-voicing">Self-voicing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_cloning" class="mw-redirect" title="Voice cloning">Voice cloning</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&oldid=1256042066">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=DECtalk&oldid=1256042066</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:DEC_hardware" title="Category:DEC hardware">DEC hardware</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Speech_synthesis" title="Category:Speech synthesis">Speech synthesis</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_bot:_original_URL_status_unknown" title="Category:CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown">CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_mdy_dates_from_August_2021" title="Category:Use mdy dates from August 2021">Use mdy dates from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Use_American_English_from_August_2021" title="Category:Use American English from August 2021">Use American English from August 2021</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_Wikipedia_articles_written_in_American_English" title="Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English">All Wikipedia articles written in American English</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2003" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2003">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2003</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements" title="Category:All articles containing potentially dated statements">All articles containing potentially dated statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_containing_potentially_dated_statements_from_2015" title="Category:Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015">Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2015</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 7 November 2024, at 22:47<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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