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基于光学神经网络芯片的灵活OAM模式光交换—论文—科学网

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float: right"> 选择字号:<span onclick="showsize(12)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">小</span> <span onclick="showsize(14)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer">中</span> <span onclick="showsize(16)" style="background-color: #587c19; color: #fff; font-size: 12px; cursor: pointer"> 大</span> </div> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> <div id="content1" style="width: 94%; font: 14px 宋体; text-align: left; line-height: 24px; word-wrap: break-word"> <table width="100%" border="0" cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0"> <tr> <td height="20"> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px"> <b></b></td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" class="style1" style="font-size: 22px; color: #587c19; font-family: 黑体; line-height: 30px"> 基于光学神经网络芯片的灵活OAM模式光交换</td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle" class="style1" style="font-size: 13px; color: #333333; font-family: 宋体; line-height: 20px;"> <b></b></td> </tr> </table> <p align="center"> &nbsp;</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 近年来,随着信息技术的飞速发展,信息传输速率和容量的需求也在不断提升。为了应对这一挑战,光通信技术成为了研究的热点,其中利用轨道角动量(OAM)模式的多模光纤通信系统表现出了巨大的潜力。华中科技大学王健教授领导的<font class="frd">多维</font>光子学实验室(MDPL)团队在这一领域取得了重要进展,成功提出了一种基于光神经网络芯片的灵活OAM模式光交换技术,为未来高效、灵活的光通信系统奠定了基础。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 该成果以&ldquo;Flexible orbital angular momentum mode switching in multimode fibre using an optical neural network chip&rdquo;为题发表在Light: Advanced Manufacturing。</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 图1是基于光学神经网络芯片的模式光交换的概念图,利用光学神经网络芯片结合多模光纤实现的自配置模式光交换网络。多模光纤中的信道为模式信道,不同的信息加载在不同的正交模式上复用传输。输入多模光纤中多个模式信道先通过模式解复用器解复用至多个单模光纤,然后与光学神经网络芯片连接实现多通道光交换功能,之后再经过多个单模光纤通过模式复用器复用到多模光纤中输出,这样就实现了多模光纤中多模式信道光信息交换。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2024/8/20248301746291620.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <strong>图1:基于硅光神经网络的多模光纤模式光交换的概念图</strong></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 在实验中,研究团队通过全光纤OAM模式解复用器,将多模光纤的多通道OAM模式耦合进单模光纤阵列,并通过光栅垂直耦合进入硅基神经网络芯片进行光交换。交换后的信号再耦合回单模光纤阵列,并通过全光纤OAM模式复用器将信号复用回多模光纤。交换状态由基于单片机的多通道电源系统控制,相移器的状态参数矩阵由离线学习获得并在实时工作时调用。实验中,零阶OAM、一阶OAM、二阶OAM分别加载16-QAM、QPSK、8-QAM信号,用于验证OAM模式光交换的功能。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2024/8/20248301746386470.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <strong>图2:光纤-芯片-光纤OAM模式光交换实验示意图</strong></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 全光纤OAM模式(解)复用器由标准单模光纤(SMF-28)和传统多模光纤(OM3)通过熔融拉锥技术制造而成。通过模拟分析,确定了不同半径下模式的折射率分布,并找到相位匹配点,如图3(a)和(b)所示。单模光纤经过预拉锥处理,以确保其基模的有效折射率与多模光纤中的轨道角动量模式相匹配。随后,使用固定火焰同时对预拉锥的单模光纤和多模光纤进行熔融拉锥,实时监控耦合器两端的功率,以确保模式转换的最大耦合效率。如图3(d)和(e)所示,实验测得全光纤OAM模式(解)复用器中的模式在5公里多模光纤传输前后的光场图。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2024/8/20248301746477400.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <strong>图3:a, b 模拟的单模光纤(SMF)和OM3中不同模式的有效折射率随光纤包层半径变化的关系。c全光纤OAM模式(解)复用器的示意图;d, e 零阶、一阶和二阶OAM模式在多模光纤传输后的光强分布和干涉图案:d经过5公里多模光纤传输后的发射端;e经过5公里多模光纤传输后的接收端。</strong></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 图4展示了改进的梯度算法流程图,以及在从通道1、2、3切换到通道2、3、1过程中,实验测得的最大串扰随优化迭代次数的变化曲线。在40多次迭代后,最大串扰在该交换状态下达到了小于-21 dB的水平。图4(c)-(h)展示了在六种不同交换状态下,测得的硅基神经网络芯片光交换串扰矩阵。所有状态下,最大串扰均小于-18.7 dB。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2024/8/20248301746555060.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <strong>图4:(a) 梯度下降算法的流程图。(b)在从通道1、2、3切换到通道2、3、1过程中,实验测得的最大串扰随优化迭代次数的变化曲线。(c)-(h)硅基神经网络芯片在六种不同交换状态下的串扰矩阵</strong></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 为了验证硅基神经网络芯片在多模光纤OAM模式光交换中的实际应用,研究团队搭建了如图5所示的实验装置。该装置包括四个部分:发射端、接收端、模式光交换网络和学习装置。发射端通过AWG产生三种高阶调制格式的信号,加载到I/Q调制器上对激光进行调制。接收端通过示波器采集数据,并通过离线DSP处理实现误码率(BER)测量。学习装置用于控制模式光交换网络,实现不同交换状态的控制。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2024/8/2024830174766320.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <strong>图5:基于硅基神经网络芯片进行多模光纤OAM模式交换的实验装置示意图。</strong></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 图6展示了在不同交换状态下,QPSK、8-QAM、16-QAM信号的BER随光信噪比(OSNR)变化的曲线。实验结果表明,光神经网络芯片能够在多种OAM模式之间实现高效、稳定的切换,并且在位置x4处的两种交换状态下,OSNR代价均小于0.2 dB。此外,实验还展示了信道1、信道2和信道3在两种交换状态下的星座图,表明信号实现了不同的交换。</p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <img src="/upload/paper/images/2024/8/20248301747183340.jpg" style="text-align: -webkit-center;" /></p> <p style="text-indent: 2em; text-align: center;"> <strong>图6:在两种不同切换状态下,QPSK、8-QAM和16-QAM信号在位置x4的BER与OSNR曲线,以及在位置x4对应切换状态1、切换状态2和单通道传输的星座图。</strong></p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 这一研究成果不仅为多模光纤通信系统的实际应用提供了新的思路,还为未来的光通信和光信号处理等领域带来了新的可能性。研究团队将进一步优化光神经网络芯片的设计,以提升其在复杂光通信系统中的性能。(来源:先进制造微信公众号)</p> <p style="text-indent:2em"> 相关论文信息:<a href="https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2024.023" target="_blank"><span style="text-indent: 2em;">https://doi.org/10.37188/lam.2024.023</span></a></p> <div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div>&nbsp;</div><div style="text-indent:2em;color: #587c19;font-size:13px; ">特别声明:本文转载仅仅是出于传播信息的需要,并不意味着代表本网站观点或证实其内容的真实性;如其他媒体、网站或个人从本网站转载使用,须保留本网站注明的“来源”,并自负版权等法律责任;作者如果不希望被转载或者联系转载稿费等事宜,请与我们接洽。</div> <div style="border-bottom: solid 1px #bfc89d; vertical-align: bottom; width: 100%; height: 20px"> </div> <div style="width: 100%; height: 20px; text-align: center; 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