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characteristic</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: operating characteristic"> <meta name="keywords" content="operating characteristic"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="operating characteristic"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 3640</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: operating characteristic</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3640</span> Screening Post-Menopausal Women for Osteoporosis by Complex Impedance Measurements of the Dominant Arm</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yekta%20%C3%9Clgen">Yekta Ülgen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F%C4%B1rat%20Matur"> Fırat Matur</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cole-Cole parameters of 40 post-menopausal women are compared with their DEXA bone mineral density measurements. Impedance characteristics of four extremities are compared; left and right extremities are statistically same, but lower extremities are statistically different than upper ones due to their different fat content. The correlation of Cole-Cole impedance parameters to bone mineral density (BMD) is observed to be higher for a dominant arm. With the post menopausal population, ANOVA tests of the dominant arm characteristic frequency, as a predictor for DEXA classified osteopenic and osteoporotic population around the lumbar spine, is statistically very significant. When used for total lumbar spine osteoporosis diagnosis, the area under the Receiver Operating Curve of the characteristic frequency is 0.875, suggesting that the Cole-Cole plot characteristic frequency could be a useful diagnostic parameter when integrated into standard screening methods for osteoporosis. Moreover, the characteristic frequency can be directly measured by monitoring frequency driven the angular behavior of the dominant arm without performing any complex calculation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioimpedance%20spectroscopy" title="bioimpedance spectroscopy">bioimpedance spectroscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bone%20mineral%20density" title=" bone mineral density"> bone mineral density</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=osteoporosis" title=" osteoporosis"> osteoporosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20frequency" title=" characteristic frequency"> characteristic frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20curve" title=" receiver operating curve"> receiver operating curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30804/screening-post-menopausal-women-for-osteoporosis-by-complex-impedance-measurements-of-the-dominant-arm" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30804.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">522</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3639</span> 3D Receiver Operator Characteristic Histogram</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaoli%20Zhang">Xiaoli Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiongfei%20Li"> Xiongfei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yuncong%20Feng"> Yuncong Feng</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ROC curves, as a widely used evaluating tool in machine learning field, are the tradeoff of true positive rate and negative rate. However, they are blamed for ignoring some vital information in the evaluation process, such as the amount of information about the target that each instance carries, predicted score given by each classification model to each instance. Hence, in this paper, a new classification performance method is proposed by extending the Receiver Operator Characteristic (ROC) curves to 3D space, which is denoted as 3D ROC Histogram. In the histogram, the <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classification" title="classification">classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance%20evaluation" title=" performance evaluation"> performance evaluation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20characteristic%20histogram" title=" receiver operating characteristic histogram"> receiver operating characteristic histogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hardness%20prediction" title=" hardness prediction"> hardness prediction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44143/3d-receiver-operator-characteristic-histogram" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/44143.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">314</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3638</span> The Optimum Operating Conditions for the Synthesis of Zeolite from Waste Incineration Fly Ash by Alkali Fusion and Hydrothermal Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Jie%20Lin">Yi-Jie Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jyh-Cherng%20Chen"> Jyh-Cherng Chen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The fly ash of waste incineration processes is usually hazardous and the disposal or reuse of waste incineration fly ash is difficult. In this study, the waste incineration fly ash was converted to useful zeolites by the alkali fusion and hydrothermal synthesis method. The influence of different operating conditions (the ratio of Si/Al, the ratio of hydrolysis liquid to solid, and hydrothermal time) was investigated to seek the optimum operating conditions for the synthesis of zeolite from waste incineration fly ash. The results showed that concentrations of heavy metals in the leachate of Toxicity Characteristic Leaching Procedure (TCLP) were all lower than the regulatory limits except lead. The optimum operating conditions for the synthesis of zeolite from waste incineration fly ash by the alkali fusion and hydrothermal synthesis method were Si/Al=40, NaOH/ash=1.5, alkali fusion at 400 <sup>o</sup>C for 40 min, hydrolysis with Liquid to Solid ratio (L/S)= 200 at 105 <sup>o</sup>C for 24 h, and hydrothermal synthesis at 105 <sup>o</sup>C for 24 h. The specific surface area of fly ash could be significantly increased from 8.59 m<sup>2</sup>/g to 651.51 m<sup>2</sup>/g (synthesized zeolite). The influence of different operating conditions on the synthesis of zeolite from waste incineration fly ash followed the sequence of Si/Al ratio > hydrothermal time > hydrolysis L/S ratio. The synthesized zeolites can be reused as good adsorbents to control the air or wastewater pollutants. The purpose of fly ash detoxification, reduction and waste recycling/reuse is achieved successfully. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alkali%20fusion" title="alkali fusion">alkali fusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hydrothermal" title=" hydrothermal"> hydrothermal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fly%20ash" title=" fly ash"> fly ash</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=zeolite" title=" zeolite"> zeolite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94021/the-optimum-operating-conditions-for-the-synthesis-of-zeolite-from-waste-incineration-fly-ash-by-alkali-fusion-and-hydrothermal-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94021.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3637</span> Experimental Investigation on the Optimal Operating Frequency of a Thermoacoustic Refrigerator</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kriengkrai%20Assawamartbunlue">Kriengkrai Assawamartbunlue</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Channarong%20Wantha"> Channarong Wantha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents the effects of the mean operating pressure on the optimal operating frequency based on temperature differences across stack ends in a thermoacoustic refrigerator. In addition to the length of the resonance tube, components of the thermoacoustic refrigerator have an influence on the operating frequency due to their acoustic properties, i.e. absorptivity, reflectivity and transmissivity. The interference of waves incurs and distorts the original frequency generated by the driver so that the optimal operating frequency differs from the designs. These acoustic properties are not parameters in the designs and it is very complicated to infer their responses. A prototype thermoacoustic refrigerator is constructed and used to investigate its optimal operating frequency compared to the design at various operating pressures. Helium and air are used as working fluids during the experiments. The results indicate that the optimal operating frequency of the prototype thermoacoustic refrigerator using helium is at 6 bar and 490Hz or approximately 20% away from the design frequency. The optimal operating frequency at other mean pressures differs from the design in an unpredictable manner, however, the optimal operating frequency and pressure can be identified by testing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustic%20properties" title="acoustic properties">acoustic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carnot%E2%80%99s%20efficiency" title=" Carnot’s efficiency"> Carnot’s efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=interference%20of%20waves" title=" interference of waves"> interference of waves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20pressure" title=" operating pressure"> operating pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20operating%20frequency" title=" optimal operating frequency"> optimal operating frequency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stack%20performance" title=" stack performance"> stack performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=standing%20wave" title=" standing wave"> standing wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoacoustic%20refrigerator" title=" thermoacoustic refrigerator"> thermoacoustic refrigerator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23908/experimental-investigation-on-the-optimal-operating-frequency-of-a-thermoacoustic-refrigerator" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/23908.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">486</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3636</span> Evaluation of Urban-Rural Integration of Characteristic Towns in Yunnan Province</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Yong">Huang Yong</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen%20Qianting"> Chen Qianting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhao%20Shurong"> Zhao Shurong</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to identify the role and effect of Characteristic Towns as an important means to promote urban-rural integration, this paper uses Flow Theory and complex network analysis methods to jointly construct the identification path of urban-rural integration capabilities of Characteristic Towns. Take the National Characteristic Towns of Yunnan Province as the empirical objects to identify their role laws. The study found that in the implementation of the National Characteristic Town Project in Yunnan Province, (1) the population is more susceptible to the impact of the Characteristic Town Project than the technical elements, but the stability is poor; (2) The flow capacity of urban and rural technical elements is weak, and the quality of the enterprise cooperation network in general; (3) Compared with the batch of Characteristic Towns in 2016, its ability to promote urban-rural integration is higher in 2017; (4) The role of the Characteristic Town Project on urban-rural integration focuses on the improvement of the number of urban and rural flow elements. This paper analyzes the mode of the role of Characteristic Towns on urban-rural integration from the perspective of ‘flow,’ establishes a research paradigm for evaluating the role of Characteristic Towns in urban-rural integration capabilities, and builds a path for the application of Characteristic Towns to support the realization of urban-rural integration goals. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20town" title="characteristic town">characteristic town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=urban-rural%20integration" title=" urban-rural integration"> urban-rural integration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flow%20theory" title=" flow theory"> flow theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complex%20network%20analysis" title=" complex network analysis"> complex network analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152072/evaluation-of-urban-rural-integration-of-characteristic-towns-in-yunnan-province" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152072.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">140</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3635</span> Comparison of Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve Smoothing Methods</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Sigirli">D. Sigirli</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) curve is a commonly used statistical tool for evaluating the diagnostic performance of screening and diagnostic test with continuous or ordinal scale results which aims to predict the presence or absence probability of a condition, usually a disease. When the test results were measured as numeric values, sensitivity and specificity can be computed across all possible threshold values which discriminate the subjects as diseased and non-diseased. There are infinite numbers of possible decision thresholds along the continuum of the test results. The ROC curve presents the trade-off between sensitivity and the 1-specificity as the threshold changes. The empirical ROC curve which is a non-parametric estimator of the ROC curve is robust and it represents data accurately. However, especially for small sample sizes, it has a problem of variability and as it is a step function there can be different false positive rates for a true positive rate value and vice versa. Besides, the estimated ROC curve being in a jagged form, since the true ROC curve is a smooth curve, it underestimates the true ROC curve. Since the true ROC curve is assumed to be smooth, several smoothing methods have been explored to smooth a ROC curve. These include using kernel estimates, using log-concave densities, to fit parameters for the specified density function to the data with the maximum-likelihood fitting of univariate distributions or to create a probability distribution by fitting the specified distribution to the data nd using smooth versions of the empirical distribution functions. In the present paper, we aimed to propose a smooth ROC curve estimation based on the boundary corrected kernel function and to compare the performances of ROC curve smoothing methods for the diagnostic test results coming from different distributions in different sample sizes. We performed simulation study to compare the performances of different methods for different scenarios with 1000 repetitions. It is seen that the performance of the proposed method was typically better than that of the empirical ROC curve and only slightly worse compared to the binormal model when in fact the underlying samples were generated from the normal distribution. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empirical%20estimator" title="empirical estimator">empirical estimator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kernel%20function" title=" kernel function"> kernel function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=smoothing" title=" smoothing"> smoothing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20characteristic%20curve" title=" receiver operating characteristic curve"> receiver operating characteristic curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103835/comparison-of-receiver-operating-characteristic-curve-smoothing-methods" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103835.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">152</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3634</span> Characteristic Function in Estimation of Probability Distribution Moments </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vladimir%20S.%20Timofeev">Vladimir S. Timofeev</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this article the problem of distributional moments estimation is considered. The new approach of moments estimation based on usage of the characteristic function is proposed. By statistical simulation technique, author shows that new approach has some robust properties. For calculation of the derivatives of characteristic function there is used numerical differentiation. Obtained results confirmed that author’s idea has a certain working efficiency and it can be recommended for any statistical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20function" title="characteristic function">characteristic function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distributional%20moments" title=" distributional moments"> distributional moments</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robustness" title=" robustness"> robustness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=outlier" title=" outlier"> outlier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20estimation%20problem" title=" statistical estimation problem"> statistical estimation problem</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20simulation" title=" statistical simulation"> statistical simulation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11779/characteristic-function-in-estimation-of-probability-distribution-moments" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11779.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3633</span> Research on Planning Strategy of Characteristic Town from the Perspective of Ecological Concept: A Case Study on Hangzhou Dream Town in Zhejiang</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiaohan%20Ye">Xiaohan Ye</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Under the new normal situation, some urban spaces with the industrial base and regional features in Zhejiang, China have been selected to build a characteristic town, a kind of environmentally-friendly development platform with city-industry integrated, in an attempt to achieve the most optimized layout of productivity with the least space resource. After analysis on the connotation, mechanism and mode of characteristic town in Zhejiang, it is suggested in this paper that characteristic town should take improving the regional ecological environment as an important object in planning strategy from the perspective of ecological concept. Improved environmental quality, optimized resource allocation, and compact industrial distribution should be realized so as to drive the regional green and sustainable development. Finally, this paper analyzes location selection, industrial distribution, spatial organization and environment construction based on the exploration of the dream town of Zhejiang province, the first batch of provincial-level characteristic towns to demonstrate how to apply the ecological concept to the design of characteristic town. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20town" title="characteristic town">characteristic town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ecological%20concept" title=" ecological concept"> ecological concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hangzhou%20dream%20town" title=" Hangzhou dream town"> Hangzhou dream town</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=planning%20strategy" title=" planning strategy"> planning strategy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67261/research-on-planning-strategy-of-characteristic-town-from-the-perspective-of-ecological-concept-a-case-study-on-hangzhou-dream-town-in-zhejiang" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67261.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">312</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3632</span> Estimating the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve from Clustered Data and Case-Control Studies </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yalda%20Zarnegarnia">Yalda Zarnegarnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shari%20Messinger"> Shari Messinger</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves have been widely used in medical research to illustrate the performance of the biomarker in correctly distinguishing the diseased and non-diseased groups. Correlated biomarker data arises in study designs that include subjects that contain same genetic or environmental factors. The information about correlation might help to identify family members at increased risk of disease development, and may lead to initiating treatment to slow or stop the progression to disease. Approaches appropriate to a case-control design matched by family identification, must be able to accommodate both the correlation inherent in the design in correctly estimating the biomarker’s ability to differentiate between cases and controls, as well as to handle estimation from a matched case control design. This talk will review some developed methods for ROC curve estimation in settings with correlated data from case control design and will discuss the limitations of current methods for analyzing correlated familial paired data. An alternative approach using Conditional ROC curves will be demonstrated, to provide appropriate ROC curves for correlated paired data. The proposed approach will use the information about the correlation among biomarker values, producing conditional ROC curves that evaluate the ability of a biomarker to discriminate between diseased and non-diseased subjects in a familial paired design. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biomarker" title="biomarker">biomarker</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=correlation" title=" correlation"> correlation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=familial%20paired%20design" title=" familial paired design"> familial paired design</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROC%20curve" title=" ROC curve"> ROC curve</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76734/estimating-the-receiver-operating-characteristic-curve-from-clustered-data-and-case-control-studies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/76734.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">240</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3631</span> Performance Comparison of Tablet Devices and Medical Diagnostic Display Devices Using Digital Object Patterns in PACS Environment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yan-Lin%20Liu">Yan-Lin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cheng-Ting%20Shih"> Cheng-Ting Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jay%20Wu"> Jay Wu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Tablet devices have been introduced into the medical environment in recent years. The performance of display can be varied based on the use of different hardware specifications and types of display technologies. Therefore, the differences between tablet devices and medical diagnostic LCDs have to be verified to ensure that image quality is not jeopardized for clinical diagnosis in a picture archiving and communication system (PACS). In this study, a set of randomized object test patterns (ROTPs) were developed, which included randomly located spheres in abdominal CT images. Five radiologists were asked to independently review the CT images on different generations of iPads and a diagnostic monochrome medical LCD monitor. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) analysis was performed by using a five-point rating scale, and the average area under curve (AUC) and average reading time (ART) were calculated. The AUC values for the second generation iPad, iPad mini, iPad Air, and monochrome medical monitor were 0.712, 0.717, 0.725, and 0.740, respectively. The differences between iPads were not significant. The ARTs were 177 min and 127 min for iPad mini and medical LCD monitor, respectively. A significant difference appeared (p = 0.04). The results show that the iPads were slightly inferior to the monochrome medical LCD monitor. However, tablet devices possess advantages in portability and versatility, which can improve the convenience of rapid diagnosis and teleradiology. With advances in display technology, the applicability of tablet devices and mobile devices may be more diversified in PACS. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tablet%20devices" title="tablet devices">tablet devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=PACS" title=" PACS"> PACS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20characteristic" title=" receiver operating characteristic"> receiver operating characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LCD%20monitor" title=" LCD monitor"> LCD monitor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27347/performance-comparison-of-tablet-devices-and-medical-diagnostic-display-devices-using-digital-object-patterns-in-pacs-environment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/27347.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">480</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3630</span> Operating Characteristics of Point-of-Care Ultrasound in Identifying Skin and Soft Tissue Abscesses in the Emergency Department</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sathyaseelan%20Subramaniam">Sathyaseelan Subramaniam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jacqueline%20Bober"> Jacqueline Bober</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jennifer%20Chao"> Jennifer Chao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahriar%20Zehtabchi"> Shahriar Zehtabchi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Emergency physicians frequently evaluate skin and soft tissue infections in order to differentiate abscess from cellulitis. This helps determine which patients will benefit from incision and drainage. Our objective was to determine the operating characteristics of point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) compared to clinical examination in identifying abscesses in emergency department (ED) patients with features of skin and soft tissue infections. Methods: We performed a comprehensive search in the following databases: Medline, Web of Science, EMBASE, CINAHL and Cochrane Library. Trials were included if they compared the operating characteristics of POCUS with clinical examination in identifying skin and soft tissue abscesses. Trials that included patients with oropharyngeal abscesses or that requiring abscess drainage in the operating room were excluded. The presence of an abscess was determined by pus drainage. No pus seen on incision or resolution of symptoms without pus drainage at follow up, determined the absence of an abscess. Quality of included trials was assessed using GRADE criteria. Operating characteristics of POCUS are reported as sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood (LR+) and negative likelihood (LR-) ratios and the respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). Summary measures were calculated by generating a hierarchical summary receiver operating characteristic model (HSROC). Results: Out of 3203 references identified, 5 observational studies with 615 patients in aggregate were included (2 adults and 3 pediatrics). We rated the quality of 3 trials as low and 2 as very low. The operating characteristics of POCUS and clinical examination in identifying soft tissue abscesses are presented in the table. The HSROC for POCUS revealed a sensitivity of 96% (95% CI = 89-98%), specificity of 79% (95% CI = 71-86), LR+ of 4.6 (95% CI = 3.2-6.8), and LR- of 0.06 (95% CI = 0.02-0.2). Conclusion: Existing evidence indicates that POCUS is useful in identifying abscesses in ED patients with skin or soft tissue infections. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abscess" title="abscess">abscess</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=point-of-care%20ultrasound" title=" point-of-care ultrasound"> point-of-care ultrasound</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pocus" title=" pocus"> pocus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=skin%20and%20soft%20tissue%20infection" title=" skin and soft tissue infection"> skin and soft tissue infection</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39256/operating-characteristics-of-point-of-care-ultrasound-in-identifying-skin-and-soft-tissue-abscesses-in-the-emergency-department" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/39256.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">369</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3629</span> Performance Assessment of a Variable-Flux Permanent-Magnet Memory Motor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Michel%20Han">Michel Han</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Christophe%20Besson"> Christophe Besson</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alain%20Savary"> Alain Savary</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yvan%20Becher"> Yvan Becher</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The variable flux permanent magnet synchronous motor (VF-PMSM), also called "Memory Motor", is a new generation of motor capable of modifying the magnetization state with short pulses of current during operation or standstill. The impact of such operation is the expansion of the operating range in the torque-speed characteristic and an improvement in energy efficiency at high-speed in comparison to conventional permanent magnet synchronous machines (PMSMs). This paper reviews the operating principle and the unique features of the proposed memory motor. The benefits of this concept are highlighted by comparing the performance of the rotor of the VF-PMSM to that of two PM rotors that are typically found in the industry. The investigation emphasizes the properties of the variable magnetization and presents the comparison of the torque-speed characteristic with the capability of loss reduction in a VF-PMSM by means of experimental results, especially when tests are conducted under identical conditions for each rotor (same stator, same inverter and same experimental setup). The experimental results demonstrated that the VF-PMSM gives an additional degree of freedom to optimize the efficiency over a wide speed range. Thus, with a design easy to manufacture and with the possibility of controlling the magnetization and the demagnetization of the magnets during operations, the VF-PMSM can be interesting for various applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=efficiency" title="efficiency">efficiency</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetization%20state" title=" magnetization state"> magnetization state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=memory%20motors" title=" memory motors"> memory motors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performances" title=" performances"> performances</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=permanent-magnet" title=" permanent-magnet"> permanent-magnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synchronous%20machine" title=" synchronous machine"> synchronous machine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable-flux" title=" variable-flux"> variable-flux</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variable%20magnetization" title=" variable magnetization"> variable magnetization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wide%20speed%20application" title=" wide speed application"> wide speed application</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100729/performance-assessment-of-a-variable-flux-permanent-magnet-memory-motor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/100729.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">192</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3628</span> Toward a Characteristic Optimal Power Flow Model for Temporal Constraints</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zongjie%20Wang">Zongjie Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhizhong%20Guo"> Zhizhong Guo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While the regular optimal power flow model focuses on a single time scan, the optimization of power systems is typically intended for a time duration with respect to a desired objective function. In this paper, a temporal optimal power flow model for a time period is proposed. To reduce the computation burden needed for calculating temporal optimal power flow, a characteristic optimal power flow model is proposed, which employs different characteristic load patterns to represent the objective function and security constraints. A numerical method based on the interior point method is also proposed for solving the characteristic optimal power flow model. Both the temporal optimal power flow model and characteristic optimal power flow model can improve the systems’ desired objective function for the entire time period. Numerical studies are conducted on the IEEE 14 and 118-bus test systems to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed characteristic optimal power flow model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optimal%20power%20flow" title="optimal power flow">optimal power flow</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20period" title=" time period"> time period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economy" title=" economy"> economy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61552/toward-a-characteristic-optimal-power-flow-model-for-temporal-constraints" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/61552.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">451</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3627</span> Characteristic Components in Cornusofficinalis to AGEs Injury Protective Effect and Mechanism of HUVEC </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Han%20Tao">Yu-Han Tao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hui-Qin%20Xu"> Hui-Qin Xu </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study aimed to explain the protective effect of Cornus officinalis characteristic components, under AGEs damage to HUVEC. After cultured HUVEC adhered, Cornus officinalis characteristic components such as loganin, morroniside, oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and aminoguanidine (positive control dug) hatched, after 1h the AGEs (200 mg/L) were added. After 24h, LDH, SOD, MDA, NO, ET, and AngⅡ, TGF-β, IL-1β, ROS in the supernatant were determined. The results showed the Cornus officinalis characteristic compounds could improve vitality of SOD, NO, reduce the MDA, ET, AngⅡ, TGF-β, IL-1β, ROS significantly when compared with the model groug. Loganin, oleanic acid, ursolic acid, had significant protective effect on AGEs injured HUVEC. As a conclusion, characteristic components in Cornus officinalis had a positive effect after HUVEC injured by AGEs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cornus%20officinalis" title="Cornus officinalis">Cornus officinalis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morroniside" title=" morroniside"> morroniside</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oganin" title=" oganin"> oganin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oleanolic%20acid" title=" oleanolic acid"> oleanolic acid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ursolic%20acid" title=" ursolic acid"> ursolic acid</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2916/characteristic-components-in-cornusofficinalis-to-ages-injury-protective-effect-and-mechanism-of-huvec" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/2916.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">381</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3626</span> Water Distribution Uniformity of Solid-Set Sprinkler Irrigation under Low Operating Pressure </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Manal%20Osman">Manal Osman</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Sprinkler irrigation system became more popular to reduce water consumption and increase irrigation efficiency. The water distribution uniformity plays an important role in the performance of the sprinkler irrigation system. The use of low operating pressure instead of high operating pressure can be achieved many benefits including energy and water saving. An experimental study was performed to investigate the water distribution uniformity of the solid-set sprinkler irrigation system under low operating pressure. Different low operating pressures (62, 82, 102 and 122 kPa) were selected. The range of operating pressure was lower than the recommended in the previous studies to investigate the effect of low pressure on the water distribution uniformity. Different nozzle diameters (4, 5, 6 and 7 mm) were used. The outdoor single sprinkler test was performed. The water distribution of single sprinkler, the coefficients of uniformity such as coefficient of uniformity (CU), distribution uniformity of low quarter (DUlq), distribution uniformity of low half (DUlh), coefficient of variation (CV) and the distribution characteristics like rotation speed, throw radius and overlapping distance are presented in this paper. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20operating%20pressure" title="low operating pressure">low operating pressure</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sprinkler%20irrigation%20system" title=" sprinkler irrigation system"> sprinkler irrigation system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20distribution%20uniformity" title=" water distribution uniformity"> water distribution uniformity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7412/water-distribution-uniformity-of-solid-set-sprinkler-irrigation-under-low-operating-pressure" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/7412.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">590</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3625</span> Classifying and Analysis 8-Bit to 8-Bit S-Boxes Characteristic Using S-Box Evaluation Characteristic</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20Luqman">Muhammad Luqman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuf%20Kurniawan"> Yusuf Kurniawan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> S-Boxes is one of the linear parts of the cryptographic algorithm. The existence of S-Box in the cryptographic algorithm is needed to maintain non-linearity of the algorithm. Nowadays, modern cryptographic algorithms use an S-Box as a part of algorithm process. Despite the fact that several cryptographic algorithms today reuse theoretically secure and carefully constructed S-Boxes, there is an evaluation characteristic that can measure security properties of S-Boxes and hence the corresponding primitives. Analysis of an S-Box usually is done using manual mathematics calculation. Several S-Boxes are presented as a Truth Table without any mathematical background algorithm. Then, it’s rather difficult to determine the strength of Truth Table S-Box without a mathematical algorithm. A comprehensive analysis should be applied to the Truth Table S-Box to determine the characteristic. Several important characteristics should be owned by the S-Boxes, they are Nonlinearity, Balancedness, Algebraic degree, LAT, DAT, differential delta uniformity, correlation immunity and global avalanche criterion. Then, a comprehensive tool will be present to automatically calculate the characteristics of S-Boxes and determine the strength of S-Box. Comprehensive analysis is done on a deterministic process to produce a sequence of S-Boxes characteristic and give advice for a better S-Box construction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cryptographic%20properties" title="cryptographic properties">cryptographic properties</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Truth%20Table%20S-Boxes" title=" Truth Table S-Boxes"> Truth Table S-Boxes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S-Boxes%20characteristic" title=" S-Boxes characteristic"> S-Boxes characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deterministic%20process" title=" deterministic process"> deterministic process</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65017/classifying-and-analysis-8-bit-to-8-bit-s-boxes-characteristic-using-s-box-evaluation-characteristic" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65017.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3624</span> Operating Speed Models on Tangent Sections of Two-Lane Rural Roads</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dra%C5%BEen%20Cvitani%C4%87">Dražen Cvitanić</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Biljana%20Maljkovi%C4%87"> Biljana Maljković</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents models for predicting operating speeds on tangent sections of two-lane rural roads developed on continuous speed data. The data corresponds to 20 drivers of different ages and driving experiences, driving their own cars along an 18 km long section of a state road. The data were first used for determination of maximum operating speeds on tangents and their comparison with speeds in the middle of tangents i.e. speed data used in most of operating speed studies. Analysis of continuous speed data indicated that the spot speed data are not reliable indicators of relevant speeds. After that, operating speed models for tangent sections were developed. There was no significant difference between models developed using speed data in the middle of tangent sections and models developed using maximum operating speeds on tangent sections. All developed models have higher coefficient of determination then models developed on spot speed data. Thus, it can be concluded that the method of measuring has more significant impact on the quality of operating speed model than the location of measurement. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20speed" title="operating speed">operating speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=continuous%20speed%20data" title=" continuous speed data"> continuous speed data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tangent%20sections" title=" tangent sections"> tangent sections</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spot%20speed" title=" spot speed"> spot speed</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=consistency" title=" consistency"> consistency</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31508/operating-speed-models-on-tangent-sections-of-two-lane-rural-roads" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31508.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">452</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3623</span> Study on Security and Privacy Issues of Mobile Operating Systems Based on Malware Attacks</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Huang%20Dennis">Huang Dennis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aurelio%20Aziel"> Aurelio Aziel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burra%20Venkata%20Durga%20Kumar"> Burra Venkata Durga Kumar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, smartphones and mobile operating systems have been popularly widespread in our daily lives. As people use smartphones, they tend to store more private and essential data on their devices, because of this it is very important to develop more secure mobile operating systems and cloud storage to secure the data. However, several factors can cause security risks in mobile operating systems such as malware, malicious app, phishing attacks, ransomware, and more, all of which can cause a big problem for users as they can access the user's private data. Those problems can cause data loss, financial loss, identity theft, and other serious consequences. Other than that, during the pandemic, people will use their mobile devices more and do all sorts of transactions online, which may lead to more victims of online scams and inexperienced users being the target. With the increase in attacks, researchers have been actively working to develop several countermeasures to enhance the security of operating systems. This study aims to provide an overview of the security and privacy issues in mobile operating systems, identifying the potential risk of operating systems, and the possible solutions. By examining these issues, we want to provide an easy understanding to users and researchers to improve knowledge and develop more secure mobile operating systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20operating%20system" title="mobile operating system">mobile operating system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=security" title=" security"> security</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=privacy" title=" privacy"> privacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Malware" title=" Malware"> Malware</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168876/study-on-security-and-privacy-issues-of-mobile-operating-systems-based-on-malware-attacks" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/168876.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">89</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3622</span> Analysis of the Engineering Judgement Influence on the Selection of Geotechnical Parameters Characteristic Values</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=K.%20Ivandic">K. Ivandic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Dodigovic"> F. Dodigovic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=D.%20Stuhec"> D. Stuhec</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Strelec"> S. Strelec</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A characteristic value of certain geotechnical parameter results from an engineering assessment. Its selection has to be based on technical principles and standards of engineering practice. It has been shown that the results of engineering assessment of different authors for the same problem and input data are significantly dispersed. A survey was conducted in which participants had to estimate the force that causes a 10 cm displacement at the top of a axially in-situ compressed pile. Fifty experts from all over the world took part in it. The lowest estimated force value was 42% and the highest was 133% of measured force resulting from a mentioned static pile load test. These extreme values result in significantly different technical solutions to the same engineering task. In case of selecting a characteristic value of a geotechnical parameter the importance of the influence of an engineering assessment can be reduced by using statistical methods. An informative annex of Eurocode 1 prescribes the method of selecting the characteristic values of material properties. This is followed by Eurocode 7 with certain specificities linked to selecting characteristic values of geotechnical parameters. The paper shows the procedure of selecting characteristic values of a geotechnical parameter by using a statistical method with different initial conditions. The aim of the paper is to quantify an engineering assessment in the example of determining a characteristic value of a specific geotechnical parameter. It is assumed that this assessment is a random variable and that its statistical features will be determined. For this purpose, a survey research was conducted among relevant experts from the field of geotechnical engineering. Conclusively, the results of the survey and the application of statistical method were compared. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic%20values" title="characteristic values">characteristic values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engineering%20judgement" title=" engineering judgement"> engineering judgement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eurocode%207" title=" Eurocode 7"> Eurocode 7</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=statistical%20methods" title=" statistical methods"> statistical methods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87290/analysis-of-the-engineering-judgement-influence-on-the-selection-of-geotechnical-parameters-characteristic-values" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/87290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3621</span> Bias-Corrected Estimation Methods for Receiver Operating Characteristic Surface</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Khanh%20To%20Duc">Khanh To Duc</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monica%20Chiogna"> Monica Chiogna</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gianfranco%20Adimari"> Gianfranco Adimari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> With three diagnostic categories, assessment of the performance of diagnostic tests is achieved by the analysis of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) surface, which generalizes the ROC curve for binary diagnostic outcomes. The volume under the ROC surface (VUS) is a summary index usually employed for measuring the overall diagnostic accuracy. When the true disease status can be exactly assessed by means of a gold standard (GS) test, unbiased nonparametric estimators of the ROC surface and VUS are easily obtained. In practice, unfortunately, disease status verification via the GS test could be unavailable for all study subjects, due to the expensiveness or invasiveness of the GS test. Thus, often only a subset of patients undergoes disease verification. Statistical evaluations of diagnostic accuracy based only on data from subjects with verified disease status are typically biased. This bias is known as verification bias. Here, we consider the problem of correcting for verification bias when continuous diagnostic tests for three-class disease status are considered. We assume that selection for disease verification does not depend on disease status, given test results and other observed covariates, i.e., we assume that the true disease status, when missing, is missing at random. Under this assumption, we discuss several solutions for ROC surface analysis based on imputation and re-weighting methods. In particular, verification bias-corrected estimators of the ROC surface and of VUS are proposed, namely, full imputation, mean score imputation, inverse probability weighting and semiparametric efficient estimators. Consistency and asymptotic normality of the proposed estimators are established, and their finite sample behavior is investigated by means of Monte Carlo simulation studies. Two illustrations using real datasets are also given. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=imputation" title="imputation">imputation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=missing%20at%20random" title=" missing at random"> missing at random</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inverse%20probability%20weighting" title=" inverse probability weighting"> inverse probability weighting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ROC%20surface%20analysis" title=" ROC surface analysis"> ROC surface analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51883/bias-corrected-estimation-methods-for-receiver-operating-characteristic-surface" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/51883.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">416</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3620</span> The Effect of Applying Surgical Safety Checklist on Surgical Team’s Knowledge and Performance in Operating Room</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soheir%20Weheida">Soheir Weheida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amal%20E.%20Shehata"> Amal E. Shehata</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samira%20E.%20Aboalizm"> Samira E. Aboalizm</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The aim of this study was to examine the effect of surgical safety checklist on surgical team’s knowledge and performance in operating room. Subjects: A convenience sample 151 (48 head nurse, 45 nurse, 37 surgeon and 21 anesthesiologist) which available in operating room at two different hospitals was included in the study. Setting: The study was carried out at operating room in Menoufia University and Shebin Elkom Teaching Hospitals, Egypt. Tools: I: Surgical safety: Surgical team knowledge assessment structure interview schedule. II: WHO surgical safety observational Checklist. III: Post Surgery Culture Survey scale. Results: There was statistical significant improvement of knowledge mean score and performance about surgical safety especially in post and follow up than pre intervention, before patients entering the operating, before induction of anesthesia, skin incision and post skin closure and before patient leaves operating room, P values (P < 0.001). Improvement of communication post intervention than pre intervention between surgical team’s (4.74 ± 0.540). About two thirds (73.5 %) of studied sample strongly agreed on surgical safety in operating room. Conclusions: Implementation of surgical safety checklist has a positive effect on improving knowledge, performance and communication between surgical teams and these seems to have a positive effect on improve patient safety in the operating room. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge" title="knowledge">knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20room" title=" operating room"> operating room</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=performance" title=" performance"> performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20safety%20checklist" title=" surgical safety checklist "> surgical safety checklist </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25275/the-effect-of-applying-surgical-safety-checklist-on-surgical-teams-knowledge-and-performance-in-operating-room" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/25275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3619</span> Influencing Factors for Job Satisfaction and Turnover Intention of Surgical Team in the Operating Rooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Jiuan%20Chen">Shu Jiuan Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shu%20Fen%20Wu"> Shu Fen Wu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Ling%20Tsai"> I. Ling Tsai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chia%20Yu%20Chen"> Chia Yu Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yen%20Lin%20Liu"> Yen Lin Liu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chen-Fuh%20Lam"> Chen-Fuh Lam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Increased emotional stress in workplace and depressed job satisfaction may significantly affect the turnover intention and career life of personnel. However, very limited studies have reported the factors influencing the turnover intention of the surgical team members in the operating rooms, where extraordinary stress is normally exit in this isolated medical care unit. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the environmental and personal characteristic factors that might be associated with job satisfaction and turnover intention in the non-physician staff who work in the operating rooms. Methods: This was a cross-sectional, descriptive study performed in a metropolitan teaching hospital in southern Taiwan between May 2017 to July 2017. A structured self-administered questionnaire, modified from the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index (PES-NWI), Occupational Stress Indicator-2 (OSI-2) and Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) manual was collected from the operating room nurses, nurse anesthetists, surgeon assistants, orderly and other non-physician staff. Numerical and categorical data were analyzed using unpaired t-test and Chi-square test, as appropriate (SPSS, version 20.0). Results: A total of 167 effective questionnaires were collected from 200 eligible, non-physician personnel who worked in the operating room (response rate 83.5%). The overall satisfaction of all responders was 45.64 ± 7.17. In comparison to those who had more than 4-year working experience in the operating rooms, the junior staff ( ≤ 4-year experience) reported to have significantly higher satisfaction in workplace environment and job contentment, as well as lower intention to quit (t = 6.325, P =0.000). Among the different specialties of surgical team members, nurse anesthetists were associated with significantly lower levels of job satisfaction (P=0.043) and intention to stay (x² = 8.127, P < 0.05). Multivariate regression analysis demonstrates job title, seniority, working shifts and job satisfaction are the significant independent predicting factors for quit jobs. Conclusion: The results of this study highlight that increased work seniorities ( > 4-year working experience) are associated with significantly lower job satisfaction, and they are also more likely to leave their current job. Increased workload in supervising the juniors without appropriate job compensation (such as promotions in job title and work shifts) may precipitate their intention to quit. Since the senior staffs are usually the leaders and core members in the operating rooms, the retention of this fundamental manpower is essential to ensure the safety and efficacy of surgical interventions in the operating rooms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surgical%20team" title="surgical team">surgical team</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20satisfaction" title=" job satisfaction"> job satisfaction</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resignation%20intention" title=" resignation intention"> resignation intention</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20room" title=" operating room"> operating room</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85581/influencing-factors-for-job-satisfaction-and-turnover-intention-of-surgical-team-in-the-operating-rooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85581.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">255</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3618</span> Low Trigger Voltage Silicon Controlled Rectifier Stacking Structure with High Holding Voltage for High Voltage Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-Il%20Do">Kyoung-Il Do</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jun-Geol%20Park"> Jun-Geol Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hee-Guk%20Chae"> Hee-Guk Chae</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jeong-Yun%20Seo"> Jeong-Yun Seo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yong-Seo%20Koo"> Yong-Seo Koo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A SCR stacking structure is proposed to have improved Latch-up immunity. In comparison with conventional SCR (Silicon Controlled Rectifier), the proposed Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) protection circuit has a lower trigger characteristic by using the LVTSCR (Low Voltage Trigger) structure. Also the proposed ESD protection circuit has improved Holding Voltage Characteristic by using N-stack technique. These characteristics enable to have latch-up immunity in operating conditions. The simulations are accomplished by using the Synopsys TCAD. It has a trigger voltage of 8.9V and a holding voltage of 1.8V in a single structure. And when applying the stack technique, 2-stack has the holding voltage of 3.8V and 3-stack has the holding voltage of 5.1 V. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrostatic%20discharge%20%28ESD%29" title="electrostatic discharge (ESD)">electrostatic discharge (ESD)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=low%20voltage%20trigger%20silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28LVTSCR%29" title=" low voltage trigger silicon controlled rectifier (LVTSCR)"> low voltage trigger silicon controlled rectifier (LVTSCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MVTSCR" title=" MVTSCR"> MVTSCR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=power%20clamp" title=" power clamp"> power clamp</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=silicon%20controlled%20rectifier%20%28SCR%29" title=" silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)"> silicon controlled rectifier (SCR)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=latch-up" title=" latch-up"> latch-up</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73702/low-trigger-voltage-silicon-controlled-rectifier-stacking-structure-with-high-holding-voltage-for-high-voltage-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/73702.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">459</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3617</span> Operating Model of Obstructive Sleep Apnea Patients in North Karelia Central Hospital </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Korpinen">L. Korpinen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Kava"> T. Kava</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I.%20Salmi"> I. Salmi </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to describe the operating model of obstructive sleep apnea. Due to the large number of patients, the role of nurses in the diagnosis and treatment of sleep apnea was important. Pulmonary physicians met only a minority of the patients. The sleep apnea study in 2018 included about 800 patients, of which about 28% were normal and 180 patients were classified as severe (apnea-hypopnea index [AHI] over 30). The operating model has proven to be workable and appropriate. The patients understand well that they may not be referred to a pulmonary doctor. However, specialized medical follow-up on professional drivers continues every year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep" title="sleep">sleep</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=apnea%20patient" title=" apnea patient"> apnea patient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20model" title=" operating model"> operating model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital" title=" hospital"> hospital</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111322/operating-model-of-obstructive-sleep-apnea-patients-in-north-karelia-central-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/111322.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3616</span> Satellite-Based Drought Monitoring in Korea: Methodologies and Merits</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Joo-Heon%20Lee">Joo-Heon Lee</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Seo-Yeon%20Park"> Seo-Yeon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanyang%20Sur"> Chanyang Sur</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ho-Won%20Jang"> Ho-Won Jang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Satellite-based remote sensing technique has been widely used in the area of drought and environmental monitoring to overcome the weakness of in-situ based monitoring. There are many advantages of remote sensing for drought watch in terms of data accessibility, monitoring resolution and types of available hydro-meteorological data including environmental areas. This study was focused on the applicability of drought monitoring based on satellite imageries by applying to the historical drought events, which had a huge impact on meteorological, agricultural, and hydrological drought. Satellite-based drought indices, the Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) using Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) and Global Precipitation Mission (GPM); Vegetation Health Index (VHI) using MODIS based Land Surface Temperature (LST), and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI); and Scaled Drought Condition Index (SDCI) were evaluated to assess its capability to analyze the complex topography of the Korean peninsula. While the VHI was accurate when capturing moderate drought conditions in agricultural drought-damaged areas, the SDCI was relatively well monitored in hydrological drought-damaged areas. In addition, this study found correlations among various drought indices and applicability using Receiver Operating Characteristic (ROC) method, which will expand our understanding of the relationships between hydro-meteorological variables and drought events at global scale. The results of this research are expected to assist decision makers in taking timely and appropriate action in order to save millions of lives in drought-damaged areas. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought%20monitoring" title="drought monitoring">drought monitoring</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=moderate%20resolution%20imaging%20spectroradiometer%20%28MODIS%29" title=" moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS)"> moderate resolution imaging spectroradiometer (MODIS)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remote%20sensing" title=" remote sensing"> remote sensing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=receiver%20operating%20characteristic%20%28ROC%29" title=" receiver operating characteristic (ROC)"> receiver operating characteristic (ROC)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71898/satellite-based-drought-monitoring-in-korea-methodologies-and-merits" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71898.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">329</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3615</span> Urine Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin as an Early Marker of Acute Kidney Injury in Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sara%20Ataei">Sara Ataei</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maryam%20Taghizadeh-Ghehi"> Maryam Taghizadeh-Ghehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Sarayani"> Amir Sarayani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asieh%20Ashouri"> Asieh Ashouri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amirhossein%20Moslehi"> Amirhossein Moslehi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Molouk%20Hadjibabaie"> Molouk Hadjibabaie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kheirollah%20Gholami"> Kheirollah Gholami</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) patients with an incidence of 21–73%. Prevention and early diagnosis reduces the frequency and severity of this complication. Predictive biomarkers are of major importance to timely diagnosis. Neutrophil gelatinase associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a widely investigated novel biomarker for early diagnosis of AKI. However, no study assessed NGAL for AKI diagnosis in HSCT patients. Methods: We performed further analyses on gathered data from our recent trial to evaluate the performance of urine NGAL (uNGAL) as an indicator of AKI in 72 allogeneic HSCT patients. AKI diagnosis and severity were assessed using Risk–Injury–Failure–Loss–End-stage renal disease and AKI Network criteria. We assessed uNGAL on days -6, -3, +3, +9 and +15. Results: Time-dependent Cox regression analysis revealed a statistically significant relationship between uNGAL and AKI occurrence. (HR=1.04 (1.008-1.07), P=0.01). There was a relation between uNGAL day +9 to baseline ratio and incidence of AKI (unadjusted HR=.1.047(1.012-1.083), P<0.01). The area under the receiver-operating characteristic curve for day +9 to baseline ratio was 0.86 (0.74-0.99, P<0.01) and a cut-off value of 2.62 was 85% sensitive and 83% specific in predicting AKI. Conclusions: Our results indicated that increase in uNGAL augmented the risk of AKI and the changes of day +9 uNGAL concentrations from baseline could be of value for predicting AKI in HSCT patients. Additionally uNGAL changes preceded serum creatinine rises by nearly 2 days. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20kidney%20injury" title="acute kidney injury">acute kidney injury</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hemtopoietic%20stem%20cell%20transplantation" title=" hemtopoietic stem cell transplantation"> hemtopoietic stem cell transplantation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neutrophil%20gelatinase-associated%20lipocalin" title=" neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin"> neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Receiver-operating%20characteristic%20curve" title=" Receiver-operating characteristic curve "> Receiver-operating characteristic curve </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17979/urine-neutrophil-gelatinase-associated-lipocalin-as-an-early-marker-of-acute-kidney-injury-in-hematopoietic-stem-cell-transplantation-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17979.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">409</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3614</span> Characteristic Study on Conventional and Soliton Based Transmission System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bhupeshwaran%20Mani">Bhupeshwaran Mani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20Radha"> S. Radha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Jawahar"> A. Jawahar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Sivasubramanian"> A. Sivasubramanian</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Here, we study the characteristic feature of conventional (ON-OFF keying) and soliton based transmission system. We consider 20 Gbps transmission system implemented with Conventional Single Mode Fiber (C-SMF) to examine the role of Gaussian pulse which is the characteristic of conventional propagation and hyperbolic-secant pulse which is the characteristic of soliton propagation in it. We note the influence of these pulses with respect to different dispersion lengths and soliton period in conventional and soliton system, respectively, and evaluate the system performance in terms of quality factor. From the analysis, we could prove that the soliton pulse has more consistent performance even for long distance without dispersion compensation than the conventional system as it is robust to dispersion. For the length of transmission of 200 Km, soliton system yielded Q of 33.958 while the conventional system totally exhausted with Q=0. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dispersion%20length" title="dispersion length">dispersion length</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrun-to-zero%20%28rz%29" title=" retrun-to-zero (rz)"> retrun-to-zero (rz)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton" title=" soliton"> soliton</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=soliton%20period" title=" soliton period"> soliton period</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=q-factor" title=" q-factor"> q-factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30789/characteristic-study-on-conventional-and-soliton-based-transmission-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30789.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">346</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3613</span> Analytical Study of CPU Scheduling Algorithms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Keshav%20Rathi">Keshav Rathi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aakriti%20Sharma"> Aakriti Sharma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vinayak%20R.%20Dinesh"> Vinayak R. Dinesh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irfan%20Ramzan%20Parray"> Irfan Ramzan Parray</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Scheduling is a basic operating system function since practically all computer resources are scheduled before use. The CPU is one of the most important computer resources. Central Processing Unit (CPU) scheduling is vital because it allows the CPU to transition between processes. A processor is the most significant resource in a computer; the operating system can increase the computer's productivity. The objective of the operating system is to allow as many processes as possible to operate at the same time in order to maximize CPU utilization. The highly efficient CPU scheduler is based on the invention of high-quality scheduling algorithms that meet the scheduling objectives. In this paper, we reviewed various fundamental CPU scheduling algorithms for a single CPU and showed which algorithm is best for the particular situation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=computer%20science" title="computer science">computer science</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Operating%20system" title=" Operating system"> Operating system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CPU%20scheduling" title=" CPU scheduling"> CPU scheduling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cpu%20algorithms" title=" cpu algorithms"> cpu algorithms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194885/analytical-study-of-cpu-scheduling-algorithms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/194885.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3612</span> A Predictive MOC Solver for Water Hammer Waves Distribution in Network</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Bayle">A. Bayle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=F.%20Plourabou%C3%A9"> F. Plouraboué</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Water Distribution Network (WDN) still suffers from a lack of knowledge about fast pressure transient events prediction, although the latter may considerably impact their durability. Accidental or planned operating activities indeed give rise to complex pressure interactions and may drastically modified the local pressure value generating leaks and, in rare cases, pipe’s break. In this context, a numerical predictive analysis is conducted to prevent such event and optimize network management. A couple of Python/FORTRAN 90, home-made software, has been developed using Method Of Characteristic (MOC) solving for water-hammer equations. The solver is validated by direct comparison with theoretical and experimental measurement in simple configurations whilst afterward extended to network analysis. The algorithm's most costly steps are designed for parallel computation. A various set of boundary conditions and energetic losses models are considered for the network simulations. The results are analyzed in both real and frequencies domain and provide crucial information on the pressure distribution behavior within the network. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energetic%20losses%20models" title="energetic losses models">energetic losses models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=method%20of%20characteristic" title=" method of characteristic"> method of characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=numerical%20predictive%20analysis" title=" numerical predictive analysis"> numerical predictive analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20distribution%20network" title=" water distribution network"> water distribution network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20hammer" title=" water hammer"> water hammer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141429/a-predictive-moc-solver-for-water-hammer-waves-distribution-in-network" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141429.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">233</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3611</span> Harnessing Cutting-Edge Technologies and Innovative Ideas in the Design, Development, and Management of Hybrid Operating Rooms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samir%20Hessas">Samir Hessas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Modern medicine is witnessing a profound transformation as advanced technology reshapes surgical environments. Hybrid operating rooms, where state-of-the-art medical equipment, advanced imaging solutions, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) converge, are at the forefront of this revolution. In this comprehensive exploration, we scrutinize the multifaceted facets of AI and delve into an array of groundbreaking technologies. We also discuss visionary concepts that hold the potential to revolutionize hybrid operating rooms, making them more efficient and patient-centered. These innovations encompass real-time imaging, surgical simulation, IoT and remote monitoring, 3D printing, telemedicine, quantum computing, and nanotechnology. The outcome of this fusion of technology and imagination is a promising future of surgical precision, individualized patient care, and unprecedented medical advances in hybrid operating rooms. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20intelligence" title="artificial intelligence">artificial intelligence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20operating%20rooms" title=" hybrid operating rooms"> hybrid operating rooms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=telemedicine" title=" telemedicine"> telemedicine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=monitoring" title=" monitoring"> monitoring</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174945/harnessing-cutting-edge-technologies-and-innovative-ideas-in-the-design-development-and-management-of-hybrid-operating-rooms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174945.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20characteristic&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20characteristic&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20characteristic&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=operating%20characteristic&page=5">5</a></li> 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