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Melaku Abegaz</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Tadesse Melaku Abegaz"> <meta name="keywords" content="Tadesse Melaku Abegaz"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Tadesse Melaku Abegaz"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 56</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Tadesse Melaku Abegaz</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">56</span> Novel Oral Anticoagulants (NOACS) Adherence and Bleeding Events in Atrial Fibrillation Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Melaku%20Abegaz">Tadesse Melaku Abegaz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akshaya%20Srikanth%20Bahagavathula"> Akshaya Srikanth Bahagavathula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulla%20Shehab%20Sheab"> Abdulla Shehab Sheab</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asim%20Hassen"> Asim Hassen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Objectives: Non-adherence and discontinuation of anticoagulant therapy lead to increased ischemic stroke risk and contributes to suboptimal outcomes of the anticoagulant treatment. This systematic review and meta-analysis were aimed to investigate the adherence to NOACs and adverse events in patients with AF. Methods: Original research articles conducted on patients with AF and using any NOACs (dabigatran, rivoraxaban and apixaban) reporting adherence for at least 35 days were included. Scientific databases including PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar were searched using MeSH keywords to obtaining literature researched between 2008 to till June, 2016. Study characteristics, patient’s sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, medication adherence levels and bleeding events reported were recorded. Results: The overall sample size of the six studies is 1,640,157, with CHADS2 scores < 2 in 551 patients, CHADS2-VASc ≥ 2 in 62,232 AF patients. Three-forth [75.6% (95%CI= 66.5-84.8), p < 0.001] are adherent to NOACs. However, a higher rate [72.7% (62.5-82.9), p < 0.001] of adherence was observed with Dabigatran than Apixaban [59.9% (3.2-123.1), p=0.063] and Rivaroxaban [59.3% (38.7-80.0), p<0.001]. Sub-group analysis revealed that nearly 57% of the AF patients on NOACs have CHADS2 scores < 2 and 20% of these patients were non-adherent to NOACs. Overall bleeding events rate associated with NOACs non-adherent AF patients was found to be 7.5% (0.2-14.8), p=0.045. However, nearly 11.2% of AF patients experienced bleeding events were non-adherent to NOAC medications. A higher proportion of bleeding events were noticed with Dabigatran (14.7%). Conclusions: Adherence rates, while uniformly suboptimal, nevertheless varied considerably, lowest at 59.3% for rivaroxaban and 59.9% for apixaban, followed by dabigatran (75.6%). Overall bleeding events associated with NOACs rates were 7.5%. However, lower adherence to NOACs was associated with worse outcomes among patients with greater stroke risk. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atrial%20fibrillation" title="atrial fibrillation">atrial fibrillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bleeding%20events" title=" bleeding events"> bleeding events</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=meta-analysis" title=" meta-analysis"> meta-analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=novel%20oral%20anticoagulants" title=" novel oral anticoagulants"> novel oral anticoagulants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62559/novel-oral-anticoagulants-noacs-adherence-and-bleeding-events-in-atrial-fibrillation-patients-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/62559.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">340</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">55</span> Patient-Reported Adverse Drug Reactions, Medication Adherence and Clinical Outcomes among major depression disorder Patients in Ethiopia: A Prospective Hospital Based Study.</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Melaku%20Abegaz">Tadesse Melaku Abegaz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: there was paucity of data on the self-reported adverse drug reactions (ADRs), level of adherence and clinical outcomes with antidepressants among major depressive disorder (MDD) patients in Ethiopia. Hence, the present study sought to determine the level of adherence for and clinical outcome with antidepressants and the magnitude of ADRs. Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was employed on MDD patients from September 2016 to January 2017 at Gondar university hospital psychiatry clinic. All patients who were available during the study period were included under the study population. The Naranjo adverse drug reaction probability scale was employed to assess the adverse drug reaction. The rate of medication adherence was determined using morisky medication adherence measurement scale eight. Clinical Outcome of patients was measured by using patient health questionnaire. Multivariable logistic carried out to determine factors for adherence and patient outcome. Results: two hundred seventy patients were participated in the study. More than half of the respondents were males 122(56.2%). The mean age of the participants was 30.94 ± 8.853. More than one-half of the subjects had low adherence to their medications 124(57.1%). About 186(85.7%) of patients encountered ADR. The most common ADR was weight gain 29(13.2). Around 198(92.2%) ADRs were probable and 19(8.8%) were possible. Patients with long standing MDD had high risk of non-adherence COR: 2.458[4.413-4.227], AOR: 2.424[1.185-4.961]. More than one-half 125(57.6) of respondents showed improved outcome. Optimal level of medication adherence was found to be associated with reduced risk of progression of the diseases COR: 0.37[0.110-5.379] and AOR: 0.432[0.201-0.909]. Conclusion: Patient reported adverse drug reactions were more prevalent in major depressive disorder patients. Adherence to medications was very poor in the setup. However, the clinical outcome was relatively higher. Long standing depression was associated with non-adherence. In addition, clinical outcome of patients were affected by non-adherence. Therefore, adherence enhancing interventions should be provided to improve medication adherence and patient outcome. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adverse%20drug%20reactions" title="adverse drug reactions">adverse drug reactions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clinical%20outcomes" title=" clinical outcomes"> clinical outcomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prospective%20study" title=" prospective study"> prospective study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medication%20adherence" title=" medication adherence "> medication adherence </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70777/patient-reported-adverse-drug-reactions-medication-adherence-and-clinical-outcomes-among-major-depression-disorder-patients-in-ethiopia-a-prospective-hospital-based-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/70777.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">247</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">54</span> Teachers’ Reactions, Learning, Organizational Support, and Use of Lesson Study for Transformative Assessment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melaku%20Takele%20Abate">Melaku Takele Abate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbi%20Lemma%20Wodajo"> Abbi Lemma Wodajo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adula%20Bekele%20Hunde"> Adula Bekele Hunde</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed at exploring mathematics teachers' reactions, learning, school leaders’ support, and use of the Lesson Study for Transformative Assessment (LSforTA) program ideas in practice. The LSforTA program was new, and therefore, a local and grounded approach was needed to examine teachers’ knowledge and skills acquired using LSforTA. So, a design-based research approach was selected to evaluate and refine the LSforTA approach. The results showed that LSforTA increased teachers' knowledge and use of different levels of mathematics assessment tasks. The program positively affected teachers' practices of transformative assessment and enhanced their knowledge and skills in assessing students in a transformative way. The paper concludes how the LSforTA procedures were adapted in response to this evaluation and provides suggestions for future development and research. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=classroom%20assessment" title="classroom assessment">classroom assessment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=feedback%20practices" title=" feedback practices"> feedback practices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lesson%20study" title=" lesson study"> lesson study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mathematics" title=" mathematics"> mathematics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=design-based%20research" title=" design-based research"> design-based research</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182062/teachers-reactions-learning-organizational-support-and-use-of-lesson-study-for-transformative-assessment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182062.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">55</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">53</span> Immunization-Data-Quality in Public Health Facilities in the Pastoralist Communities: A Comparative Study Evidence from Afar and Somali Regional States, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melaku%20Tsehay">Melaku Tsehay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Consortium of Christian Relief and Development Associations (CCRDA), and the CORE Group Polio Partners (CGPP) Secretariat have been working with Global Alliance for Vac-cines and Immunization (GAVI) to improve the immunization data quality in Afar and Somali Regional States. The main aim of this study was to compare the quality of immunization data before and after the above interventions in health facilities in the pastoralist communities in Ethiopia. To this end, a comparative-cross-sectional study was conducted on 51 health facilities. The baseline data was collected in May 2019, while the end line data in August 2021. The WHO data quality self-assessment tool (DQS) was used to collect data. A significant improvment was seen in the accuracy of the pentavalent vaccine (PT)1 (p = 0.012) data at the health posts (HP), while PT3 (p = 0.010), and Measles (p = 0.020) at the health centers (HC). Besides, a highly sig-nificant improvment was observed in the accuracy of tetanus toxoid (TT)2 data at HP (p < 0.001). The level of over- or under-reporting was found to be < 8%, at the HP, and < 10% at the HC for PT3. The data completeness was also increased from 72.09% to 88.89% at the HC. Nearly 74% of the health facilities timely reported their respective immunization data, which is much better than the baseline (7.1%) (p < 0.001). These findings may provide some hints for the policies and pro-grams targetting on improving immunization data qaulity in the pastoralist communities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20quality" title="data quality">data quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=immunization" title=" immunization"> immunization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=verification%20factor" title=" verification factor"> verification factor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pastoralist%20region" title=" pastoralist region"> pastoralist region</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163656/immunization-data-quality-in-public-health-facilities-in-the-pastoralist-communities-a-comparative-study-evidence-from-afar-and-somali-regional-states-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/163656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">123</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">52</span> Impact Factor of Annealing on Electrical Properties of Zinc Selenide (ZnSe) Thin Films</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esubalew%20Yehualaw%20Melaku">Esubalew Yehualaw Melaku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tizazu%20Abeza"> Tizazu Abeza</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> ZnSe thin films in an aqueous solution of zinc acetate and hydrazine hydrate (HH) using the non-toxic complexing agent EDTA along with the films were annealed at 200, 300, and 400oC. This research aimed to investigate the effect of annealing on the structural, optical, and electrical properties of the films. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was used to study the structure and crystallite size of the ZnSe thin film. The ZnSe thin films are annealed in an oven at various temperatures which are characterized by structural and optical properties. An increase in annealing temperature distorted the nanocrystillinity and made the ZnSe thin films amorphous. The variation of resistivity indicates the semiconducting nature of the thin film. The electrical resistivity of the films decreases with increasing annealing temperature. In this study, the Band gap of ZnSe decreases from 2.8eV to 2.65eV with the increase in temperature and decreases for as-deposited to 2.5eV. As a result of this research, ZnSe is used for certain applications; it has been widely utilized in various optoelectronic devices such as thin film solar cells, green-blue light emitting diodes, lasers, photo-luminescent, and electro-luminescent devices. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chemical%20bath%20deposition" title="chemical bath deposition">chemical bath deposition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnSe%20thin%20film" title=" ZnSe thin film"> ZnSe thin film</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=band%20gap" title=" band gap"> band gap</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=solar%20cells" title=" solar cells"> solar cells</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166183/impact-factor-of-annealing-on-electrical-properties-of-zinc-selenide-znse-thin-films" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166183.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">131</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">51</span> The Role of Indigenous Informal Local Institutions and Social Capital for Adoption of Agricultural Innovation: A Special Emphasis in Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Molla%20Tadesse%20Lakew">Molla Tadesse Lakew</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Researchers tried to find out the socio-economic and supply-side constraint factors to adoption. However, they overlooked the role of social networks and relationships among the community. Therefore, the aims of this review were to review the roles and negative effects of social capital. Based on its contents, relevancy, and time duration, only 121 (journals, books, and paper reports) were selected. It concludes that social capital has an indispensable role in facilitating cooperation and connection between members of the farmers' community, informal and experiential knowledge sharing, and access to research-based knowledge and contributes to reducing the transaction cost of adoption. On the contrary, inside the black box of social capital, the negative effects include the exclusion of outsider’s knowledge and experiences, excessive claims on group members, and restrictions on individual freedom. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20capital" title="social capital">social capital</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=local%20institutions" title=" local institutions"> local institutions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adoption" title=" adoption"> adoption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title=" Ethiopia"> Ethiopia</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177243/the-role-of-indigenous-informal-local-institutions-and-social-capital-for-adoption-of-agricultural-innovation-a-special-emphasis-in-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/177243.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">96</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">50</span> Geophysical Mapping of the Groundwater Aquifer System in Gode Area, Northeastern Hosanna, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esubalew%20Yehualaw%20Melaku">Esubalew Yehualaw Melaku</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, two basic geophysical methods are applied for mapping the groundwater aquifer system in the Gode area along the Guder River, northeast of Hosanna town, near the western margin of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift. The main target of the study is to map the potential aquifer zone and investigate the groundwater potential for current and future development of the resource in the Gode area. The geophysical methods employed in this study include, Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and magnetic survey techniques. Electrical sounding was used to examine and map the depth to the potential aquifer zone of the groundwater and its distribution over the area. On the other hand, a magnetic survey was used to delineate contact between lithologic units and geological structures. The 2D magnetic modeling and the geoelectric sections are used for the identification of weak zones, which control the groundwater flow and storage system. The geophysical survey comprises of twelve VES readings collected by using a Schlumberger array along six profile lines and more than four hundred (400) magnetic readings at about 10m station intervals along four profiles and 20m along three random profiles. The study result revealed that the potential aquifer in the area is obtained at a depth range from 45m to 92m. This is the response of the highly weathered/ fractured ignimbrite and pumice layer with sandy soil, which is the main water-bearing horizon. Overall, in the neighborhood of four VES points, VES- 2, VES- 3, VES-10, and VES-11, shows good water-bearing zones in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20electrical%20sounding" title="vertical electrical sounding">vertical electrical sounding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20survey" title=" magnetic survey"> magnetic survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquifer" title=" aquifer"> aquifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater%20potential" title=" groundwater potential"> groundwater potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158684/geophysical-mapping-of-the-groundwater-aquifer-system-in-gode-area-northeastern-hosanna-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/158684.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">127</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">49</span> Climate Change and Variability-Induced Resource Based Conflicts: The Case of the Issa, Ittu and Afar (Agro) Pastoralists of Eastern Ethiopia </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bamlaku%20Tadesse%20Mengistu">Bamlaku Tadesse Mengistu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This article explores the link between climate change/variability and its adaptation/coping strategies with resource-based ethnic conflicts among the Afar, Issa-Somali, and Ittu-Oromo ethnic groups. The qualitative data were collected from community leaders, ordinary members of the communities, and administrative and political bodies at various levels through one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and field observations. The quantitative data were also collected through a household survey from the randomly selected 128 households drawn from the three districts of Mieso-Mullu, Mieso, and Amibara districts. The study shows that there is a causal relationship between resource scarcity impacted by climate change/variability and ethnic conflicts. The study reveals that the increasing nature of resource scarcity and environmental problems, and also the changing nature of ethnic diversity will aggravate the resource-based inter-ethnic conflicts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Eastern%20Ethiopia" title="Eastern Ethiopia">Eastern Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20conflict" title=" ethnic conflict"> ethnic conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=climate%20change" title=" climate change"> climate change</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Afar" title=" Afar"> Afar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Issa" title=" Issa"> Issa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ittu" title=" Ittu"> Ittu</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109664/climate-change-and-variability-induced-resource-based-conflicts-the-case-of-the-issa-ittu-and-afar-agro-pastoralists-of-eastern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109664.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">195</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">48</span> Coexistence of Superconductivity and Spin Density Wave in Ferropnictide Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Desta%20Gidey">Tadesse Desta Gidey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gebregziabher%20Kahsay"> Gebregziabher Kahsay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pooran%20Singh"> Pooran Singh </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This work focuses on the theoretical investigation of the coexistence of superconductivity and Spin Density Wave (SDW)in Ferropnictide Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂. By developing a model Hamiltonian for the system and by using quantum field theory Green’s function formalism, we have obtained mathematical expressions for superconducting transition temperature TC), spin density wave transition temperature (Tsdw), superconductivity order parameter (Sc), and spin density wave order parameter (sdw). By employing the experimental and theoretical values of the parameters in the obtained expressions, phase diagrams of superconducting transition temperature (TC) versus superconducting order parameter (Sc) and spin density wave transition temperature (Tsdw), versus spin density wave order parameter (sdw) have been plotted. By combining the two phase diagrams, we have demonstrated the possible coexistence of superconductivity and spin density wave (SDW) in ferropnictide Ba1−xKxFe2As2. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Superconductivity" title="Superconductivity">Superconductivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Spin%20density%20wave" title=" Spin density wave"> Spin density wave</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Coexistence" title=" Coexistence"> Coexistence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Green%20function" title=" Green function"> Green function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pnictides" title=" Pnictides"> Pnictides</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ba%E2%82%81%E2%82%8B%E2%82%93K%E2%82%93Fe%E2%82%82As%E2%82%82" title=" Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂"> Ba₁₋ₓKₓFe₂As₂</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119138/coexistence-of-superconductivity-and-spin-density-wave-in-ferropnictide-ba1kfe2as2" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/119138.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">47</span> Geophysical Methods of Mapping Groundwater Aquifer System: Perspectives and Inferences From Lisana Area, Western Margin of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Esubalew%20Yehualaw%20Melaku">Esubalew Yehualaw Melaku</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tigistu%20Haile%20Eritro"> Tigistu Haile Eritro</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, two basic geophysical methods are applied for mapping the groundwater aquifer system in the Lisana area along the Guder River, northeast of Hosanna town, near the western margin of the Central Main Ethiopian Rift. The main target of the study is to map the potential aquifer zone and investigate the groundwater potential for current and future development of the resource in the Gode area. The geophysical methods employed in this study include, Vertical Electrical Sounding (VES) and magnetic survey techniques. Electrical sounding was used to examine and map the depth to the potential aquifer zone of the groundwater and its distribution over the area. On the other hand, a magnetic survey was used to delineate contact between lithologic units and geological structures. The 2D magnetic modeling and the geoelectric sections are used for the identification of weak zones, which control the groundwater flow and storage system. The geophysical survey comprises of twelve VES readings collected by using a Schlumberger array along six profile lines and more than four hundred (400) magnetic readings at about 10m station intervals along four profiles and 20m along three random profiles. The study result revealed that the potential aquifer in the area is obtained at a depth range from 45m to 92m. This is the response of the highly weathered/ fractured ignimbrite and pumice layer with sandy soil, which is the main water-bearing horizon. Overall, in the neighborhood of four VES points, VES- 2, VES- 3, VES-10, and VES-11, shows good water-bearing zones in the study area. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vertical%20electrical%20sounding" title="vertical electrical sounding">vertical electrical sounding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20survey" title=" magnetic survey"> magnetic survey</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aquifer" title=" aquifer"> aquifer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=groundwater%20potential" title=" groundwater potential"> groundwater potential</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165500/geophysical-methods-of-mapping-groundwater-aquifer-system-perspectives-and-inferences-from-lisana-area-western-margin-of-the-central-main-ethiopian-rift" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165500.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">79</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">46</span> Analysis of Drought Flood Abrupt Alternation Events and there Impacts in Kenya</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Betty%20Makena">Betty Makena</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegaye%20Tadesse"> Tsegaye Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mark%20Svoboda"> Mark Svoboda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global warming has intensified the frequency and intensity of extreme climate disasters and led to unpredictable weather conditions. Consequently, rapid shifts between drought and floods, known as Drought-Flood Abrupt Alteration (DFAA), have become increasingly common. DFAA results in superimposed impacts of drought and floods within a short period, exacerbating the effects of the floods or drought event. Current disaster management plans often overlook DFAA events, as they primarily focus on either floods or drought. Therefore, effectively identifying DFAA events is crucial for developing effective mitigation strategies. This study aims to identify historical DFAA events in Kenya using the Long Cycle Drought-Flood Abrupt Alteration Index (LDFAI). The research will analyze the spatial distribution, temporal variation, and intensity of DFAA events from 1990 to 2023, as well as their socio-economic impacts. Understanding these events is important to develop more effective strategies to address the impacts of DFAA events. Findings from this study will inform decision making to develop coping strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of DFAA in Kenya. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abrupt" title="abrupt">abrupt</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=alteration" title=" alteration"> alteration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drought" title=" drought"> drought</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=floods" title=" floods"> floods</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169721/analysis-of-drought-flood-abrupt-alternation-events-and-there-impacts-in-kenya" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/169721.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">69</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">45</span> Inclusion of Students with Disabilities (SWD) in Higher Education Institutions (HEIs): Self-Advocacy and Engagement as Central</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Abera">Tadesse Abera</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study aimed to investigate the contribution of self-advocacy and engagement in the inclusion of SWDs in HEIs. A convergent parallel mixed methods design was employed. This article reports the quantitative strand. A total of 246 SWDs were selected through stratified proportionate random sampling technique from five public HEIs in Ethiopia. Data were collected through Self-advocacy questionnaire, student engagement scale, and college student experience questionnaire and analyzed through frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, correlation, one sample t-test and multiple regression. Both self-advocacy and engagement were found to have a predictive power on inclusion of respondents in the HEIs, where engagement was found to be more predictor. From the components of self-advocacy, knowledge of self and leadership and from engagement dimensions sense of belonging, cognitive, and valuing in their respective orders were found to have a stronger predictive power on the inclusion of respondents in the institutions. Based on the findings it was concluded that, if students with disabilities work hard to be self-determined, strive for realizing social justice, exert quality effort and seek active involvement, their inclusion in the institutions would be ensured. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-advocacy" title="self-advocacy">self-advocacy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=engagement" title=" engagement"> engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inclusion" title=" inclusion"> inclusion</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=students%20with%20disabilities" title=" students with disabilities"> students with disabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=higher%20education%20institution" title=" higher education institution"> higher education institution</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179656/inclusion-of-students-with-disabilities-swd-in-higher-education-institutions-heis-self-advocacy-and-engagement-as-central" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/179656.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">44</span> Automatic Assignment of Geminate and Epenthetic Vowel for Amharic Text-to-Speech System</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Anberbir">Tadesse Anberbir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Felix%20Bankole"> Felix Bankole</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tomio%20Takara"> Tomio Takara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girma%20Mamo"> Girma Mamo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the development of a text-to-speech synthesizer, automatic derivation of correct pronunciation from the grapheme form of a text is a central problem. Particularly deriving phonological features which are not shown in orthography is challenging. In the Amharic language, geminates and epenthetic vowels are very crucial for proper pronunciation but neither is shown in orthography. In this paper, we proposed and integrated a morphological analyzer into an Amharic Text-to-Speech system, mainly to predict geminates and epenthetic vowel positions, and prepared a duration modeling method. Amharic Text-to-Speech system (AmhTTS) is a parametric and rule-based system that adopts a cepstral method and uses a source filter model for speech production and a Log Magnitude Approximation (LMA) filter as the vocal tract filter. The naturalness of the system after employing the duration modeling was evaluated by sentence listening test and we achieved an average Mean Opinion Score (MOS) 3.4 (68%) which is moderate. By modeling the duration of geminates and controlling the locations of epenthetic vowel, we are able to synthesize good quality speech. Our system is mainly suitable to be customized for other Ethiopian languages with limited resources. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amharic" title="Amharic">Amharic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gemination" title=" gemination"> gemination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=speech%20synthesis" title=" speech synthesis"> speech synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morphology" title=" morphology"> morphology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epenthesis" title=" epenthesis"> epenthesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171525/automatic-assignment-of-geminate-and-epenthetic-vowel-for-amharic-text-to-speech-system" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/171525.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">43</span> Rainfall and Temperature Characteristics of the Middle and Lower Awash Areas of Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melese%20Tadesse%20Morebo">Melese Tadesse Morebo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pastoral and agro-pastoral communities in East Africa, particularly in Ethiopia, are vulnerable to climate-related risks. The aim of this study is to characterize the annual, seasonal, and monthly rainfall and temperature of the middle and lower awash areas of Ethiopia. Start of season (SOS), end of season (EOS), length of growing season (LGS), number of rainy days, and probability of dry spell occurrences were analyzed using INSTAT Plus (v3.7) software. Daily rainfall and temperature data for 33 years (1990–2022) from six stations were analyzed. The result of the study revealed that the annual rainfall in the study area as a whole showed an increasing trend, but its trend was statistically non-significant. During the study period, the Kiremt rainfall at Amibara station showed statistically significant increasing trends. The trend analysis of SOS, EOS, and LGS shows up and down trends at all stations. The mean lengths of growing seasons in the study area ranged from 20 to 61 days during the study period. In the study area, the annual mean maximum temperature ranged between 34.1°C and 38.3°C over the last three decades. All stations within the research area during the study period, the annual minimum temperature exhibited a substantial impact. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=annual%20rainfall" title="annual rainfall">annual rainfall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LGS" title=" LGS"> LGS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimum%20temperature" title=" minimum temperature"> minimum temperature</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mann-Kendall%20test" title=" Mann-Kendall test"> Mann-Kendall test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190225/rainfall-and-temperature-characteristics-of-the-middle-and-lower-awash-areas-of-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/190225.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">24</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">42</span> 4(3H)-Quinazolinone Derivatives' Synthesis and Evaluation as Antimalarial and Anti-Leishmanial Agents</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alemu%20Tadesse%20Feroche">Alemu Tadesse Feroche</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this study, some 2, 3 distributed quinazoline -4 (3H) - one derivative were synthesized using a three-step synthetic route. They were obtained in a good yield (59.5-85%) by applying different chemical reactions like cyclization and condensation reactions. The chemical structure of the final compounds was also verified by spectroscopic methods (IR, ¹HNMR) and elemental microanalysis. The in vivo antimalarial activity of these compounds on P. berghei infected mice was found to be moderate to high at an oral dose of 0.04846 mmol/kg /day. This is equal to 25 mg/kg of chloroquine phosphate, which causes 100% inhibition of the parasite. It is worth mentioning that most active compounds (E) -3 Phenyl -2- [2- (pyridine -4- yl) vinyl] -4 (3H) -quinazolinone IVa (64.02%, (E)-2-[2-(4 - Hydroxy-3 - methoxystyryl) - vinyl) -3 - phenyl -4 (3H ) - quinazolinone IVc (77.25%) and (E)-2 –[2 –(Pyridin -4-yl) –vinyl] -3 phenenylamine -4(3H) quinazolinone IVe (73.54%) showed a dose-dependent increase in present suppression in antimalarial activities. Furthermore, the synthesized compounds were screened for their in vitro antileishmanial activity against L. aethiopica isolate (CL/039/09). All tested compounds (IVa (0.03766 ug/ml), IVb (0.00538 ug/ml, IVc (0.00412 ug/ml, IVd (0.00110 ug/ml), IVe (0.03017 ug/ml) and IVf (0.03894 ug/ml)) showed excellent potency that is much better than amphotericin B (IC50 = 0,04359 ug/ml). The results of acute toxicity indicated that all test compounds (IVa –IVf) proved to be nontoxic and well tolerated by the experimental animals up to 300 mg/kg in oral and 140 mg/kg in parental studies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=4%283H%29-quinazolinone" title="4(3H)-quinazolinone">4(3H)-quinazolinone</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vivo%20antimalarial%20activity" title=" in vivo antimalarial activity"> in vivo antimalarial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=in%20vitro%20antileishmanial%20activity" title=" in vitro antileishmanial activity"> in vitro antileishmanial activity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acute%20toxicity" title=" acute toxicity"> acute toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153719/43h-quinazolinone-derivatives-synthesis-and-evaluation-as-antimalarial-and-anti-leishmanial-agents" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/153719.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">100</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">41</span> The Perception of Stallholders About the Early Childhood Education Male Teachers: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Endale%20Fantahun%20Tadesse">Endale Fantahun Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabika%20Khalid"> Sabika Khalid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The global call for increased male representation in early childhood education (ECE) has garnered significant attention. Emerging studies have indicated that involving men in ECE can yield positive outcomes for children's physical and psychological development. Challenging the prevailing misconception and stereotype that women dominate the ECE sector is crucial. In light of this, the present study undertakes a systematic review of nine studies on males working in ECE, revealing a dearth of male presence in the field in China as well. To address this issue, substantial structural changes must be implemented to enhance the inadequate pay and working conditions that dissuade both men and women from pursuing a sustainable career in ECE. It is recommended that school leadership raise awareness among female teachers and parents, encouraging them to support and uphold virtuous values for male teachers. Additionally, governing bodies should provide explicit guidelines during training programs to address concerns regarding potential abuse and gender biases. The findings of this review underscore the need for future studies to examine the self-identities of male teachers from various stakeholders' perspectives and explore the consequences of being in the profession through rigorous and robust methodologies that can inform policymakers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=male%20teachers" title="male teachers">male teachers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Early%20Childhood%20Education%20%28ECE%29" title=" Early Childhood Education (ECE)"> Early Childhood Education (ECE)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=self-identity" title=" self-identity"> self-identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perception%20of%20stakeholders" title=" perception of stakeholders"> perception of stakeholders</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186171/the-perception-of-stallholders-about-the-early-childhood-education-male-teachers-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186171.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">38</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">40</span> Effect of Chemical Concentration on the Rheology of Inks for Inkjet Printing</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20G.%20Tadesse">M. G. Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Yu"> J. Yu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20Chen"> Y. Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Wang"> L. Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Nierstrasz"> V. Nierstrasz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20Loghin"> C. Loghin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Viscosity and surface tension are the fundamental rheological property of an ink for inkjet printing. In this work, we optimized the viscosity and surface tension of inkjet inks by varying the concentration of glycerol with water, PEDOT:PSS with glycerol and water, finally by adding the surfactant. The surface resistance of the sample was characterized by four-probe measurement principle. The change in volume of PEDOT:PSS in water, as well as the change in weight of glycerol in water has got a great influence on the viscosity on both temperature dependence and shear dependence behavior of the ink solution. The surface tension of the solution changed from 37 to 28 mN/m due to the addition of Triton. Varying the volume of PEDOT:PSS and the volume of glycerol in water has a great influence on the viscosity of the ink solution for inkjet printing. Viscosity drops from 12.5 to 9.5 mPa s with the addition of Triton at 25 oC. The PEDOT:PSS solution was found to be temperature dependence but not shear dependence as it is a Newtonian fluid. The sample was used to connect the light emitting diode (LED), and hence the electrical conductivity, with a surface resistance of 0.158 KΩ/square, was sufficient enough to give transfer current for LED lamp. The rheology of the inkjet ink is very critical for the successful droplet formation of the inkjet printing. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shear%20rate" title="shear rate">shear rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surface%20tension" title=" surface tension"> surface tension</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=viscosity" title=" viscosity"> viscosity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84426/effect-of-chemical-concentration-on-the-rheology-of-inks-for-inkjet-printing" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/84426.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">39</span> Effect of Dietarty Diversity on Maternal Dietary Diversity of Anemia of the Mother during Pregnancy and Prenatal Outcomes: Prospective Cohort Study in Rural Central Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Taddese%20Alemu%20Zerfu">Taddese Alemu Zerfu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Melaku%20Umeta%20Deressa"> Melaku Umeta Deressa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kaleab%20Baye"> Kaleab Baye </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Maternal and child under-nutrition is the underlying cause of 3•5 million annual deaths, globally. Anemia during pregnancy is among the leading nutritional disorders with serious short and long term consequences to both the mother and fetus. Objective: Examine the effect of dietary diversity on maternal anemia, nutritional status and key pregnancy outcomes of pregnancy. Methods: A prospective cohort study design, involving a total of 432 eligible pregnant women, in their second antenatal care visit was conducted between August 2014 to March, 2015. The individual dietary diversity status of mothers was used as the exposure variable to select, enroll and follow the mothers. All mothers were enrolled during second antenatal care visit and followed until delivery. Epi-data, SPSS and STATA software are used to enter and analyze the data. Chi-square test, independent 't'-test, and GLM are used to calculate risk, association and differences between key variables at P < 0.05. Results: Study participants did not differ in many of the basic characteristics (p < 0.05). The incidence of maternal anemia increased significantly from 28.6% to 32.1% between baseline and term. Pregnant mothers with inadequate dietary diversity groups had more (56% at baseline and 68% at term) risk of anemia than the comparison (adequate) groups, (RR, 1.56 and 1.68; 95% CI, 1.24 - 1.83 and 1.39 - 2.04). The overall incidence of still birth, low birth weight and pre-term birth was 4.5%, 9.1% and 13.6%, respectively. The variation of these outcomes was significant across study groups (P < 0.05). Conclusion and recommendations: Dietary diversity status of pregnant mothers has significant effect on the incidence of anemia and key pregnancy outcomes in resource limited settings, like rural Ethiopia. Therefore, apart from the ongoing routine IFA supplementation, special emphasis should be given to dietary diversity of mothers to improve related outcomes of pregnancy and maternal health. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anemia" title="anemia">anemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=birth%20weight" title=" birth weight"> birth weight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dietary%20diversity" title=" dietary diversity"> dietary diversity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy" title=" pregnancy"> pregnancy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pregnancy%20outcome" title=" pregnancy outcome"> pregnancy outcome</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40691/effect-of-dietarty-diversity-on-maternal-dietary-diversity-of-anemia-of-the-mother-during-pregnancy-and-prenatal-outcomes-prospective-cohort-study-in-rural-central-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40691.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">363</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">38</span> A Milky-White Stream Water Suitability for Drinking Purpose</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassahun%20Tadesse">Kassahun Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megersa%20O.%20Dinka"> Megersa O. Dinka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Drinking water suitability study was conducted for a milky-white stream in remote areas of Ethiopia in order to understand its effect on human health. Water samples were taken from the water source and physicochemical properties were analyzed based on standard methods. The mean values of pH, total dissolved solids, sodium, magnesium, potassium, manganese, chloride, boron, and fluoride were within maximum permissible limits set for health. Whereas turbidity, calcium, irons, hardness, alkalinity, nitrate, and sulfate contents were above the limits. The water is very hard water due to high calcium content. High sulfate content can cause noticeable taste and a laxative (gastrointestinal) effect. The nitrate content was very high and can cause methemoglobinemia (blue baby syndrome) which is a temporary blood disorder in the bottle fed infants. Hence, parents should be advised not to give this water to infants. In conclusion, all physicochemical parameters except for nitrate are safe for health but may affect the appearance and taste, and wear water infrastructures. A high value of turbidity due to suspended minerals is the cause for milky-white colour. However, a mineralogical analysis of suspended sediments is required to identify the exact cause for white colour, and a study on sediment source was recommended. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hard%20water" title="hard water">hard water</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=laxative%20effect" title=" laxative effect"> laxative effect</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=methemoglobinemia" title=" methemoglobinemia"> methemoglobinemia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nitrate" title=" nitrate"> nitrate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=physicochemical" title=" physicochemical"> physicochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20quality" title=" water quality "> water quality </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81840/a-milky-white-stream-water-suitability-for-drinking-purpose" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81840.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">194</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">37</span> Pathogen Identification of Fusarium Spp. And Chemotypes Associated With Wheat Crown Rot in Hebei Province of China</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kahsay%20Tadesse%20Mawcha">Kahsay Tadesse Mawcha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Na%20Zhang"> Na Zhang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xu%20Yiying"> Xu Yiying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang%20Jiaying"> Chang Jiaying</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wenxiang%20Yang"> Wenxiang Yang</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Fusarium crown rot (FCR) diseased wheat seedlings were collected from different wheat-growing counties in seven different regions (Baoding, Cangzhou, Handan, Hengshui, Langfang, Shijiazhuang, and Xingtai) in Hebei province, China from 2019 to 2020. One-hundred twenty-two Fusarium isolates were isolated from crown rot diseased wheat seedlings and identified morphologically, confirmation was undertaken molecularly, and species-specific PCR was utilized to verify the morphological identification of F. psuedograminearum, F. graminearum, F. asiaticum, and F. culmorum. The predominant Fusarium species associated with wheat crown rot in the Hebei province were F. psuedograminearum, F. graminearum, F. asiaticum, and F. culmorum with isolation frequency of 85.25%, 12.30%, 1.64%, and 0.81%, respectively. All the Fusarium strains isolated from the different wheat-growing fields were qualitatively tested for toxigenic chemotypes using toxin-specific primers and chemotaxonomically classified into DON, 3-ADON, 15-ADON, and NIV. Among F. psuedograminearum identified, 84.62% were classified as DON chemotypes, 6.73% as 15-ADON chemotypes, 3.84% as 3-ADON chemotypes, and 4.81% of them had NIV as detected by the toxin-specific PCR results. Most of the F. graminearum isolates produced 15-ADON, and only two isolates had NIV chemotypes. F. asiaticum and F. culmorum produce chemotype of 15-ADON and 3-ADON, respectively. Pathogenicity test results showed that F. pseudograminearum and F. graminearum had strong pathogenicity, and F. asiaticum and F. culmorum had moderate pathogenicity to wheat in Hebei province. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=crown%20rot" title="crown rot">crown rot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pathogen" title=" pathogen"> pathogen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fusarium%20species" title=" Fusarium species"> Fusarium species</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mycotoxin" title=" mycotoxin"> mycotoxin</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150188/pathogen-identification-of-fusarium-spp-and-chemotypes-associated-with-wheat-crown-rot-in-hebei-province-of-china" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/150188.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">135</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">36</span> Quantitative Analysis of Caffeine in Pharmaceutical Formulations Using a Cost-Effective Electrochemical Sensor</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Y.%20T.%20Gebreslassie">Y. T. Gebreslassie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abrha%20Tadesse"> Abrha Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20C.%20Saini"> R. C. Saini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rishi%20Pal"> Rishi Pal</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Caffeine, known chemically as 3,7-dihydro-1,3,7-trimethyl-1H-purine-2,6-dione, is a naturally occurring alkaloid classified as an N-methyl derivative of xanthine. Given its widespread use in coffee and other caffeine-containing products, it is the most commonly consumed psychoactive substance in everyday human life. This research aimed to develop a cost-effective, sensitive, and easily manufacturable sensor for the detection of caffeine. Antraquinone-modified carbon paste electrode (AQMCPE) was fabricated, and the electrochemical behavior of caffeine on this electrode was investigated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and square wave voltammetry (SWV) in a solution of 0.1M perchloric acid at pH 0.56. The modified electrode displayed enhanced electrocatalytic activity towards caffeine oxidation, exhibiting a two-fold increase in peak current and an 82 mV shift of the peak potential in the negative direction compared to an unmodified carbon paste electrode (UMCPE). Exploiting the electrocatalytic properties of the modified electrode, SWV was employed for the quantitative determination of caffeine. Under optimized experimental conditions, a linear relationship between peak current and concentration was observed within the range of 2.0 x 10⁻⁶ to 1.0× 10⁻⁴ M, with a correlation coefficient of 0.998 and a detection limit of 1.47× 10⁻⁷ M (signal-to-noise ratio = 3). Finally, the proposed method was successfully applied to the quantitative analysis of caffeine in pharmaceutical formulations, yielding recovery percentages ranging from 95.27% to 106.75%. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=antraquinone-modified%20carbon%20paste%20electrode" title="antraquinone-modified carbon paste electrode">antraquinone-modified carbon paste electrode</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=caffeine" title=" caffeine"> caffeine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=detection" title=" detection"> detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical%20sensor" title=" electrochemical sensor"> electrochemical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quantitative%20analysis" title=" quantitative analysis"> quantitative analysis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180289/quantitative-analysis-of-caffeine-in-pharmaceutical-formulations-using-a-cost-effective-electrochemical-sensor" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/180289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">65</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">35</span> The Abundance and Distribution of Locally Important Species Along Different Altitude: The Case of Mountain Damota, Wolaita South Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tamirat%20Solomon">Tamirat Solomon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Faltamo"> Tadesse Faltamo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Belete%20Limani"> Belete Limani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study was conducted on the mountain Damota of Wolaita to assess the abundance and spatial distribution of two locally important indigenous medicinal plants on the mountain landscape. A total of 130 plots measuring 20x20m were established along eight systematically laid transect lines. In each plot, the abundance and distribution of Hagenia abyssinica (tree) and Pentas schiperiana Vatke (shrub) were evaluated. The abundance and distribution of H. abyssinica were evaluated by measuring height and DBH for mature trees and counting seedlings and saplings, whereas the P. schiperiana Vatke was assessed for its abundance and distribution by counting in each plot. In the entire study plots, a total of 485 H. abyssinica and 760 P. schiperiana vatake were recorded. It was observed that the distribution of the species increased while the altitude increased and the highest abundance of the species was recorded at an altitude range between 2332 and 2661m.a.s.l. However, at the altitudes below 2320 m.a.s.l., the species distributions and abundance was decreased, indicating either the ecological preference of the species or the extraction of the local community surrounding the mountain influenced the species. On average, only 28 seedlings/ha of H. abyssinica and 146/ha of P. schiperiana vatke were recorded in the study areas showing the tendency of decline in the abundance and distribution of both species. Finally, we recommend management intervention for the socially important species which are under threat on the mountain landscape. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=indigenous%20medicinal%20plants" title="indigenous medicinal plants">indigenous medicinal plants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.abyssinic" title=" H.abyssinic"> H.abyssinic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20schiperiana" title=" P. schiperiana"> P. schiperiana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=distribution" title=" distribution"> distribution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=abundance" title=" abundance"> abundance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=socio-economic%20importance" title=" socio-economic importance"> socio-economic importance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148075/the-abundance-and-distribution-of-locally-important-species-along-different-altitude-the-case-of-mountain-damota-wolaita-south-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148075.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">34</span> Innovative In-Service Training Approach to Strengthen Health Care Human Resources and Scale-Up Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegahun%20Manyazewal">Tsegahun Manyazewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesco%20Marinucci"> Francesco Marinucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getachew%20Belay"> Getachew Belay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20Tesfaye"> Abraham Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonfa%20Ayana"> Gonfa Ayana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaha%20Kebede"> Amaha Kebede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tsegahun%20Manyazewal"> Tsegahun Manyazewal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francesco%20Marinucci"> Francesco Marinucci</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Getachew%20Belay"> Getachew Belay</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abraham%20Tesfaye"> Abraham Tesfaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gonfa%20Ayana"> Gonfa Ayana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amaha%20Kebede"> Amaha Kebede</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yewondwossen%20Tadesse"> Yewondwossen Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susan%20Lehman"> Susan Lehman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zelalem%20Temesgen"> Zelalem Temesgen</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In-service health trainings in Sub-Saharan Africa are mostly content-centered with higher disconnection with the real practice in the facility. This study intended to evaluate in-service training approach aimed to strengthen health care human resources. A combined web-based and face-to-face training was designed and piloted in Ethiopia with the diagnosis of tuberculosis. During the first part, which lasted 43 days, trainees accessed web-based material and read without leaving their work; while the second part comprised a one-day hands-on evaluation. Trainee’s competency was measured using multiple-choice questions, written-assignments, exercises and hands-on evaluation. Of 108 participants invited, 81 (75%) attended the course and 71 (88%) of them successfully completed. Of those completed, 73 (90%) scored a grade from A to C. The approach was effective to transfer knowledge and turn it into practical skills. In-service health training should transform from a passive one-time-event to a continuous behavioral change of participants and improvements on their actual work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ethiopia" title="Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=health%20care" title=" health care"> health care</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mycobacterium%20tuberculosis" title=" Mycobacterium tuberculosis"> Mycobacterium tuberculosis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=training" title=" training"> training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13878/innovative-in-service-training-approach-to-strengthen-health-care-human-resources-and-scale-up-detection-of-mycobacterium-tuberculosis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13878.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">504</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">33</span> Conjunctive Use of Shallow Groundwater for Irrigation Purpose: The Case of Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megersa%20Olumana%20Dinka">Megersa Olumana Dinka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassahun%20Birhanu%20Tadesse"> Kassahun Birhanu Tadesse</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Irrigation suitability of shallow groundwater (SGW) was investigated by taking thirty groundwater samples from piezometers and hand-dug wells in Wonji Shoa Sugar Estate (WSSE) (Ethiopia). Many physicochemical parameters (Mg²⁺, Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, CO₃-, SO4²⁻, HCO₃⁻, Cl⁻, TH, EC, TDS and pH) were analyzed following standard procedures. Different irrigation indices (MAR, SSP, SAR, RSC, KR, and PI) were also used for SGW suitability assessment. If all SGW are blended and used for irrigation, the salinity problem would be slight to moderate, and 100% of potential sugarcane yield could be obtained. The infiltration and sodium ion toxicity problems of the blended water would be none to moderate, and slight to moderate, respectively. As sugarcane is semi-tolerant to sodium toxicity, no significant sodium toxicity problem would be expected from the use of blended water. Blending SGW would also reduce each chloride and boron ion toxicity to none. In general, the rating of SGW was good to excellent for irrigation in terms of average EC (salinity), and excellent in terms of average SAR (infiltration). The SGW of the WSSE was categorized under C3S1 (high salinity and low sodium hazard). In conclusion, the conjunctive use of groundwater for irrigation would help to reduce the potential effect of waterlogging and salinization and their associated problems on soil and sugarcane production and productivity. However, a high value of SSP and RSC indicate a high possibility of infiltration problem. Hence, it is advisable to use the SGW for irrigation after blending with surface water. In this case, the optimum blending ratio of the surface to SGW sources has to be determined for sustainable sugarcane productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blending" title="blending">blending</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infiltration" title=" infiltration"> infiltration</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title=" salinity"> salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sodicity" title=" sodicity"> sodicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sugarcane" title=" sugarcane"> sugarcane</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=toxicity" title=" toxicity"> toxicity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81841/conjunctive-use-of-shallow-groundwater-for-irrigation-purpose-the-case-of-wonji-shoa-sugar-estate-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81841.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">382</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">32</span> Sustainable Production of Tin Oxide Nanoparticles: Exploring Synthesis Techniques, Formation Mechanisms, and Versatile Applications</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yemane%20Tadesse%20Gebreslassie">Yemane Tadesse Gebreslassie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Henok%20Gidey%20Gebretnsae"> Henok Gidey Gebretnsae</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nanotechnology has emerged as a highly promising field of research with wide-ranging applications across various scientific disciplines. In recent years, tin oxide has garnered significant attention due to its intriguing properties, particularly when synthesized in the nanoscale range. While numerous physical and chemical methods exist for producing tin oxide nanoparticles, these approaches tend to be costly, energy-intensive, and involve the use of toxic chemicals. Given the growing concerns regarding human health and environmental impact, there has been a shift towards developing cost-effective and environmentally friendly processes for tin oxide nanoparticle synthesis. Green synthesis methods utilizing biological entities such as plant extracts, bacteria, and natural biomolecules have shown promise in successfully producing tin oxide nanoparticles. However, scaling up the production to an industrial level using green synthesis approaches remains challenging due to the complexity of biological substrates, which hinders the elucidation of reaction mechanisms and formation processes. Thus, this review aims to provide an overview of the various sources of biological entities and methodologies employed in the green synthesis of tin oxide nanoparticles, as well as their impact on nanoparticle properties. Furthermore, this research delves into the strides made in comprehending the mechanisms behind the formation of nanoparticles as documented in existing literature. It also sheds light on the array of analytical techniques employed to investigate and elucidate the characteristics of these minuscule particles. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title="nanotechnology">nanotechnology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tin%20oxide" title=" tin oxide"> tin oxide</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20synthesis" title=" green synthesis"> green synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=formation%20mechanisms" title=" formation mechanisms"> formation mechanisms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182340/sustainable-production-of-tin-oxide-nanoparticles-exploring-synthesis-techniques-formation-mechanisms-and-versatile-applications" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/182340.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">53</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">31</span> Genetic Trait Analysis of RIL Barley Genotypes to Sort-out the Top Ranked Elites for Advanced Yield Breeding Across Multi Environments of Tigray, Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hailekiros%20Tadesse%20Tekle">Hailekiros Tadesse Tekle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yemane%20Tsehaye"> Yemane Tsehaye</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fetien%20Abay"> Fetien Abay</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) is one of the most important cereal crops in the world, grown for the poor farmers in Tigray with low yield production. The purpose of this research was to estimate the performance of 166 barley genotypes against the quantitative traits with detailed analysis of the variance component, heritability, genetic advance, and genetic usefulness parameters. The finding of ANOVA was highly significant variation (p ≤ 0:01) for all the genotypes. We found significant differences in coefficient of variance (CV of 15%) for 5 traits out of the 12 quantitative traits. The topmost broad sense heritability (H2) was recorded for seeds per spike (98.8%), followed by thousand seed weight (96.5%) with 79.16% and 56.25%, respectively, of GAM. The traits with H2 ≥ 60% and GA/GAM ≥ 20% suggested the least influenced by the environment, governed by the additive genes and direct selection for improvement of such beneficial traits for the studied genotypes. Hence, the 20 outstanding recombinant inbred lines (RIL) barley genotypes performing early maturity, high yield, and 1000 seed weight traits simultaneously were the top ranked group barley genotypes out of the 166 genotypes. These are; G5, G25, G33, G118, G36, G123, G28, G34, G14, G10, G3, G13, G11, G32, G8, G39, G23, G30, G37, and G26. They were early in maturity, high TSW and GYP (TSW ≥ 55 g, GYP ≥ 15.22 g/plant, and DTM below 106 days). In general, the 166 genotypes were classified as high (group 1), medium (group 2), and low yield production (group 3) genotypes in terms of yield and yield component trait analysis by clustering; and genotype parameter analysis such as the heritability, genetic advance, and genetic usefulness traits in this investigation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=barley" title="barley">barley</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clustering" title=" clustering"> clustering</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20advance" title=" genetic advance"> genetic advance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heritability" title=" heritability"> heritability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=usefulness" title=" usefulness"> usefulness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variability" title=" variability"> variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=yield" title=" yield"> yield</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167264/genetic-trait-analysis-of-ril-barley-genotypes-to-sort-out-the-top-ranked-elites-for-advanced-yield-breeding-across-multi-environments-of-tigray-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167264.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">86</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">30</span> Application of Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average Model for Forecasting Monthly Flows in Waterval River, South Africa</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kassahun%20Birhanu%20Tadesse">Kassahun Birhanu Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Megersa%20Olumana%20Dinka"> Megersa Olumana Dinka</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Reliable future river flow information is basic for planning and management of any river systems. For data scarce river system having only a river flow records like the Waterval River, a univariate time series models are appropriate for river flow forecasting. In this study, a univariate Seasonal Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (SARIMA) model was applied for forecasting Waterval River flow using GRETL statistical software. Mean monthly river flows from 1960 to 2016 were used for modeling. Different unit root tests and Mann-Kendall trend analysis were performed to test the stationarity of the observed flow time series. The time series was differenced to remove the seasonality. Using the correlogram of seasonally differenced time series, different SARIMA models were identified, their parameters were estimated, and diagnostic check-up of model forecasts was performed using white noise and heteroscedasticity tests. Finally, based on minimum Akaike Information (AIc) and Hannan-Quinn (HQc) criteria, SARIMA (3, 0, 2) x (3, 1, 3)12 was selected as the best model for Waterval River flow forecasting. Therefore, this model can be used to generate future river information for water resources development and management in Waterval River system. SARIMA model can also be used for forecasting other similar univariate time series with seasonality characteristics. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heteroscedasticity" title="heteroscedasticity">heteroscedasticity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stationarity%20test" title=" stationarity test"> stationarity test</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=trend%20analysis" title=" trend analysis"> trend analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=validation" title=" validation"> validation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=white%20noise" title=" white noise"> white noise</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82308/application-of-seasonal-autoregressive-integrated-moving-average-model-for-forecasting-monthly-flows-in-waterval-river-south-africa" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82308.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">205</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">29</span> Design and Development of Ssvep-Based Brain-Computer Interface for Limb Disabled Patients</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zerihun%20Ketema%20Tadesse">Zerihun Ketema Tadesse</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dabbu%20Suman%20Reddy"> Dabbu Suman Reddy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Brain-Computer Interfaces (BCIs) give the possibility for disabled people to communicate and control devices. This work aims at developing steady-state visual evoked potential (SSVEP)-based BCI for patients with limb disabilities. In hospitals, devices like nurse emergency call devices, lights, and TV sets are what patients use most frequently, but these devices are operated manually or using the remote control. Thus, disabled patients are not able to operate these devices by themselves. Hence, SSVEP-based BCI system that can allow disabled patients to control nurse calling device and other devices is proposed in this work. Portable LED visual stimulator that flickers at specific frequencies of 7Hz, 8Hz, 9Hz and 10Hz were developed as part of this project. Disabled patients can stare at specific flickering LED of visual stimulator and Emotiv EPOC used to acquire EEG signal in a non-invasive way. The acquired EEG signal can be processed to generate various control signals depending upon the amplitude and duration of signal components. MATLAB software is used for signal processing and analysis and also for command generation. Arduino is used as a hardware interface device to receive and transmit command signals to the experimental setup. Therefore, this study is focused on the design and development of Steady-state visually evoked potential (SSVEP)-based BCI for limb disabled patients, which helps them to operate and control devices in the hospital room/wards. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SSVEP-BCI" title="SSVEP-BCI">SSVEP-BCI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Limb%20Disabled%20Patients" title=" Limb Disabled Patients"> Limb Disabled Patients</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=LED%20Visual%20Stimulator" title=" LED Visual Stimulator"> LED Visual Stimulator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EEG%20signal" title=" EEG signal"> EEG signal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=control%20devices" title=" control devices"> control devices</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hospital%20room%2Fwards" title=" hospital room/wards"> hospital room/wards</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140313/design-and-development-of-ssvep-based-brain-computer-interface-for-limb-disabled-patients" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140313.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">221</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">28</span> The Overlooked Problem Among Surgical Patients: Preoperative Anxiety at Ethiopian University Hospital</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yohtahe%20Woldegerima%20Berhe">Yohtahe Woldegerima Berhe</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Belayneh%20Melkie"> Tadesse Belayneh Melkie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Girmay%20Fitiwi%20Lema"> Girmay Fitiwi Lema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marye%20Getnet"> Marye Getnet</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wubie%20Birlie%20Chekol"> Wubie Birlie Chekol</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Anxiety was repeatedly reported as the worst aspect of the perioperative time. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of preoperative anxiety among adult surgical patients at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital (UoGCSH), Northwest Ethiopia. Methodology: Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted among surgical patients at the university hospital. After obtaining ethical approval, 407 surgical patients were approached during the preoperative period. Preoperative anxiety was assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory. The association between variables was determined by using binary logistic regression analysis. The strength of association was described in adjusted odds ratio (AOR) and a p-value < 0.05 at a 95% confidence interval which was considered statistically significant. Results: A total of 400 patients were included in this study, with a 98.3% response rate. Preoperative anxiety was observed among 237 (59.3%) patients, and the median (IQR) STAI score was 50 (40 – 56.7). age ≥ 60 years (AOR: 5.7, CI: 1.6 – 20.4, P: 0.007), emergency surgery (AOR: 2.5, CI: 1.3 – 4.7, P: 0.005), preoperative pain (AOR: 2.6, CI: 1.2 – 5.4, P: 0.005), and rural residency (AOR: 1.8, CI: 1.1 – 2.9, P: 0.031) were found significantly associated with preoperative anxiety. Conclusions: The prevalence of preoperative anxiety among surgical patients was high. Older age (≥ 60 years), emergency surgery, preoperative pain, and rural residency were found to be significantly associated with preoperative anxiety. Assessment for preoperative anxiety should be a routine component of preoperative assessment of both elective and emergency surgical patients. Preoperative pain should be appropriately managed as it can help to reduce preoperative anxiety. Optimal anxiety reduction methods should be investigated and implemented in the hospital. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preoperative%20anxiety" title="preoperative anxiety">preoperative anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety" title=" anxiety"> anxiety</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=anxiety%20of%20anesthesia%20and%20surgery" title=" anxiety of anesthesia and surgery"> anxiety of anesthesia and surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=state-trait%20anxiety%20%20inventory" title=" state-trait anxiety inventory"> state-trait anxiety inventory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=preoperative%20care" title=" preoperative care"> preoperative care</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193666/the-overlooked-problem-among-surgical-patients-preoperative-anxiety-at-ethiopian-university-hospital" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193666.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">14</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">27</span> Leadership, Resource Based Conflicts and Its Resolution Practices among the Pastoral Groups in Eastern Ethiopia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bamlaku%20Tadesse%20Mengistu">Bamlaku Tadesse Mengistu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Resource-based inter-ethnic conflicts are common in eastern Ethiopia among the Afar, Ittu-Oromo, and Issa-Somali pastoral groups. The qualitative data required for the study were collected from community leaders, ordinary members of the communities, and administrative and political bodies at various levels through one-on-one interviews, focus group discussions and field observations. The quantitative data were also collected through a household survey from the 128 households drawn from the three districts of Meiso-Mullu, Meiso, and Amibara. This research tried to assess the triggering factors of inter-ethnic violent conflicts and tensions observed and other motivating factors that encourage the rival groups to instigate the recent conflicts. The research revealed some of the triggering factors that instigate violent conflicts among the rival groups such as the bad actions of conflict entrepreneurs/rent seekers, the incidence of plunder (banditry), the encroachment of farmers’ to pastoral lands/vice versa, the destruction of farmers’ crops by pastoralists’ livestock, and among others. The roles of conflict entrepreneurs such as low and medium level administrators/leaders, illicit arms traffickers, local level elites, and among others are very much significant in fueling up inter-ethnic conflicts and tensions. Leaders of various levels wrongly agitate the politicization of ethnicity and ethnic identity as well as regional boundaries as they are political boundaries rather than administrative boundaries. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=eastern%20ethiopia" title="eastern ethiopia">eastern ethiopia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resource%20competition" title=" resource competition"> resource competition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnic%20conflict" title=" ethnic conflict"> ethnic conflict</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=AFAR" title=" AFAR"> AFAR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ISSA%20and%20ITTU." title=" ISSA and ITTU."> ISSA and ITTU.</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109662/leadership-resource-based-conflicts-and-its-resolution-practices-among-the-pastoral-groups-in-eastern-ethiopia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/109662.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Melaku%20Abegaz&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tadesse%20Melaku%20Abegaz&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 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