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rhythms</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: circadian rhythms"> <meta name="keywords" content="circadian rhythms"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="circadian rhythms"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 101</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: circadian rhythms</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">101</span> Interconnections between Chronic Jet Lag and Neurological Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Suliman%20Khan">Suliman Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabeea%20Siddique"> Rabeea Siddique</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mengzhou%20Xue"> Mengzhou Xue</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Patients with neurological disorders often display altered circadian rhythms. The disrupted circadian rhythms through chronic jetlag or shiftwork are thought to increase the risk and severity of human disease, including cancer, psychiatric, and related brain diseases. In this study, we investigated the impact of shiftwork or chronic jetlag (CJL) like conditions on mice’s brains. Transcriptome profiling based on RNA sequencing revealed that genes associated with serious neurological disorders were differentially expressed in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and prefrontal cortex (PFC). According to the qPCR analysis, several key regulatory genes associated with neurological disorders were significantly altered in the NAc, PFC, hypothalamus, hippocampus, and striatum. Serotonin levels and the expression levels of serotonin transporters and receptors were significantly altered in mice treated with CJL. Overall, these results indicate that CJL may increase the risk of neurological disorders by disrupting the key regulatory genes, biological functions, serotonin, and corticosterone. These molecular linkages can further be studied to investigate the mechanism underlying CJL or shiftwork-mediated neurological disorders in order to develop treatment strategies. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronic%20jetlag" title="chronic jetlag">chronic jetlag</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=molecular%20profiles" title=" molecular profiles"> molecular profiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=brain%20disorders" title=" brain disorders"> brain disorders</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythms" title=" circadian rhythms"> circadian rhythms</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159316/interconnections-between-chronic-jet-lag-and-neurological-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/159316.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">120</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">100</span> Time-Dependent Modulation on Depressive Responses and Circadian Rhythms of Corticosterone in Models of Melatonin Deficit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Tchekalarova">Jana Tchekalarova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Milena%20Atanasova"> Milena Atanasova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Georgieva"> Katerina Georgieva</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Melatonin deficit can cause a disturbance in emotional status and circadian rhythms of the endocrine system in the body. Both pharmacological and alternative approaches are applied for correction of dysfunctions driven by changes in circadian dynamics of many physiological indicators. In the present study, we tested and compare the beneficial effect of agomelatine (40 mg/kg, i.p. for 3 weeks) and endurance training on depressive behavior in two models of melatonin deficit in rat. The role of disturbed circadian rhythms of plasma melatonin and corticosterone secretion in the mechanism of these treatments was also explored. The continuous exercise program attenuated depressive responses associated with disrupted diurnal rhythm of home-cage motor activity, anhedonia in the sucrose preference test, and despair-like behavior in the forced swimming test were attenuated by agomelatine exposed to chronic constant light (CCL) and long-term exercise in pinealectomized rats. Parallel to the observed positive effect on the emotional status, agomelatine restored CCL-induced impairment of circadian patterns of plasma melatonin but not that of corticosterone. In opposite, exercise training diminished total plasma corticosterone levels and corrected its flattened pattern while it was unable to correct melatonin deficit in pinealectomy. These results suggest that the antidepressant-like effect of pharmacological and alternative approach might be mediated via two different mechanism, correction of the disturbed circadian rhythm of melatonin and corticosterone, respectively. Therefore, these treatment approaches might have a potential therapeutic application in different subpopulations of people characterized by a melatonin deficiency. This work was supported by the National Science Fund of Bulgaria (research grant # № DN 03/10; DN# 12/6). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=agomelatine" title="agomelatine">agomelatine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exercise%20training" title=" exercise training"> exercise training</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin%20deficit" title=" melatonin deficit"> melatonin deficit</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=corticosterone" title=" corticosterone"> corticosterone</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126726/time-dependent-modulation-on-depressive-responses-and-circadian-rhythms-of-corticosterone-in-models-of-melatonin-deficit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/126726.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">132</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">99</span> Circadian-Clock Controlled Drug Transport Across Blood-Cerebrospinal Fluid Barrier</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Furtado">André Furtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Mineiro"> Rafael Mineiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Isabel Gonçalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cec%C3%ADlia%20Santos"> Cecília Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Telma%20Quintela"> Telma Quintela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The development of therapies for central nervous system (CNS) disorders is one of the biggest challenges of current pharmacology, given the unique features of brain barriers, which limit drug delivery. Efflux transporters (ABC transporters) expressed at the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB), are the main obstacles for the delivery of therapeutic compounds into the CNS, compromising the effective treatment of brain cancer, brain metastasis from peripheral cancers, or even neurodegenerative disorders. It is thus extremely important to understand the regulation of these transporters for reducing their expression while treating a brain disorder or choosing the most appropriate conditions for drug administration. Based on the fact that the BCSFB have fine-tuned biological rhythms, studying the circadian variation of drug transport processes is critical for choosing the most appropriate time of the day for drug administration. In our study, using an in vitro model of the BCSFB, we characterized the circadian transport profile of methotrexate (MTX) and donepezil (DNPZ), two drugs involved in the treatment of cancer and Alzheimer’s Disease symptoms, respectively. We found that MTX is transported across the basal and apical membranes of the BCSFB in a circadian way. The circadian pattern of an ABC transporter, Abcc4, might be partially responsible for MTX circadian transport. Furthermore, regarding the DNPZ transport study, we observed that the regulation of Abcg2 expression by the circadian rhythm will impact the circadian-dependent transport of DNPZ across the BCSFB. Overall, our results will contribute to the current knowledge on brain pharmacoresistance at the BCSFB by disclosing how circadian rhythms control drug delivery to the brain, setting the grounds for a potential application of chronotherapy to brain diseases to enhance the efficacy of medications and minimize their side effects. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood-cerebrospinal%20fluid%20barrier" title="blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier">blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ABC%20transporters" title=" ABC transporters"> ABC transporters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=drug%20transport" title=" drug transport"> drug transport</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronotherapy" title=" chronotherapy"> chronotherapy</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193438/circadian-clock-controlled-drug-transport-across-blood-cerebrospinal-fluid-barrier" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193438.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">13</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">98</span> Circadian Clock and Subjective Time Perception: A Simple Open Source Application for the Analysis of Induced Time Perception in Humans</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agata%20M.%20Ko%C5%82odziejczyk">Agata M. Kołodziejczyk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mateusz%20Harasymczuk"> Mateusz Harasymczuk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pierre-Yves%20Girardin"> Pierre-Yves Girardin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucie%20Davidov%C3%A1"> Lucie Davidová</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Subjective time perception implies connection to cognitive functions, attention, memory and awareness, but a little is known about connections with homeostatic states of the body coordinated by circadian clock. In this paper, we present results from experimental study of subjective time perception in volunteers performing physical activity on treadmill in various phases of their circadian rhythms. Subjects were exposed to several time illusions simulated by programmed timing systems. This study brings better understanding for further improvement of of work quality in isolated areas.  <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20clock" title="biological clock">biological clock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=light" title=" light"> light</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=time%20illusions" title=" time illusions"> time illusions</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=treadmill" title=" treadmill"> treadmill</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65963/circadian-clock-and-subjective-time-perception-a-simple-open-source-application-for-the-analysis-of-induced-time-perception-in-humans" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65963.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">337</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">97</span> Circadian Expression of MicroRNAs in Colon and Its Changes during Colorectal Tumorigenesis</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Balounova">Katerina Balounova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jiri%20Pacha"> Jiri Pacha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20Ergang"> Peter Ergang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Martin%20Vodicka"> Martin Vodicka</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pavlina%20Kvapilova"> Pavlina Kvapilova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> MicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs involved in a wide range of physiological processes. Post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression by microRNAs gives the organism a further level of control of the gene-expression program and the disruption of this microRNA regulatory mechanism seems to increase the risk of various pathophysiological conditions including tumorigenesis. To the present day, microRNAs were shown to participate in the mayor signalization pathways leading to tumorigenesis, including proliferation, cell cycle, apoptosis and metastasis formation. In addition, microRNAs have been found to play important roles in the generation and maintenance of circadian clock. These clocks generate circadian rhythms, which participate in a number of regulatory pathways. Disruption of the circadian signals seems to be associated with the development and the progression of tumours including colorectal cancer. We investigated therefore whether the diurnal profiles of miRNAs linked to tumorigenesis and regulation of circadian clock are changed during tumorigenesis. Based on published data we chose 10 microRNAs linked to tumorigenesis or circadian clock (let-7b-5p, miR 1 3p, miR 106b 5p, miR 141 3p, miR 191 5p, miR 20a 5p, miR 25 3p, miR 29a 3p, miR 34a 5p and miR 93 5p) and compared their 24-hr expression profiles in healthy and in chemically induces primary colorectal tumours of 52week-old mice. Using RT-qPCR we proved circadian rhythmicity in let-7b-5p, miR 106b 5p, miR 141 3p, miR 191 5p, miR 20a 5p, miR 25 3p, miR 29a 3p and miR 93 5p in healthy colon but not in tumours. The acrophases of miR 106b 5p, miR 141 3p, miR 191 5p, miR 20a 5p, miR 25 3p and miR 93 5p were reached around CT 24, the acrophases of let-7b-5p and miR-29a-3p were slightly shifted and reached around CT 21. In summary, our results show that circadian regulation of some colonic microRNAs is greatly affected by neoplastic transformation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title="circadian rhythm">circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colon" title=" colon"> colon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colorectal%20cancer" title=" colorectal cancer"> colorectal cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microRNA" title=" microRNA"> microRNA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tumorigenesis" title=" tumorigenesis"> tumorigenesis</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94346/circadian-expression-of-micrornas-in-colon-and-its-changes-during-colorectal-tumorigenesis" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/94346.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">167</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">96</span> Circadian Rhythmic Expression of Choroid Plexus Membrane Transport Proteins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafael%20Mineiro">Rafael Mineiro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9%20Furtado"> André Furtado</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Isabel%20Gon%C3%A7alves"> Isabel Gonçalves</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Cec%C3%ADlia%20Santos"> Cecília Santos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Telma%20Quintela"> Telma Quintela</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The choroid plexus (CP) epithelial cells form the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier. This barrier is highly important for brain protection by physically separating the blood from the cerebrospinal fluid, controlling the trafficking of molecules, including therapeutic drugs, from blood to the brain. The control is achieved by tight junctions between epithelial cells, membrane receptors and transport proteins from the solute carrier and ATP-binding cassette superfamily on the choroid plexus epithelial cells membrane. Previous research of our group showed a functional molecular clock in the CP. The key findings included a rhythmic expression of Bmal1, Per2, and Cry2 in female rat CP. and a rhythmic expression of Cry2 and Per2 in male rat CP. Furthermore, in cultured rat CP epithelial cells we already showed that 17β-estradiol upregulates the expression of Bmal1 and Per1, where the Per1 and Per2 upregulation was abrogated in the presence of the estrogen receptors antagonist ICI. These findings, together with the fact that the CP produces robust rhythms, prompt us to understand the impact of sex hormones and circadian rhythms in CP drug transporters expression, which is a step towards the development and optimization of therapeutic strategies for efficiently delivering drugs to the brain. For that, we analyzed the circadian rhythmicity of the Abcb1, Abcc2, Abcc4 Abcg2, and Oat3 drug transporters at the CP of male and female rats. This analysis was performed by accessing the gene expression of the mentioned transporters at 4 time points by RT-qPCR and the presence of rhythms was evaluated by the CircWave software. Our findings showed a rhythmic expression of Abcc1 in the CP of male rats, of Abcg2 in female rats, and of Abcc4 and Oat3 in both male and female rats with an almost antiphasic pattern between male and female rats for Abcc4. In conclusion, these findings translated to a functional point of view may account for daily variations in brain permeability for several therapeutic drugs, making our findings important data for the future establishment and development of therapeutic strategies according to daytime. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=choroid%20plexus" title="choroid plexus">choroid plexus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=membrane%20transporters" title=" membrane transporters"> membrane transporters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex%20hormones" title=" sex hormones"> sex hormones</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193572/circadian-rhythmic-expression-of-choroid-plexus-membrane-transport-proteins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/193572.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">12</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">95</span> Relevance of Dosing Time for Everolimus Toxicity in Respect to the Circadian P-Glycoprotein Expression in Mdr1a::Luc Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narin%20Ozturk">Narin Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Xiao-Mei%20Li"> Xiao-Mei Li</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sylvie%20Giachetti"> Sylvie Giachetti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Francis%20Levi"> Francis Levi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alper%20Okyar"> Alper Okyar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> P-glycoprotein (P-gp, MDR1, ABCB1) is a transmembrane protein acting as an ATP-dependent efflux pump and functions as a biological barrier by extruding drugs and xenobiotics out of cells in healthy tissues especially in intestines, liver and brain as well as in tumor cells. The circadian timing system controls a variety of biological functions in mammals including xenobiotic metabolism and detoxification, proliferation and cell cycle events, and may affect pharmacokinetics, toxicity and efficacy of drugs. Selective mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor everolimus is an immunosuppressant and anticancer drug that is active against many cancers, and its pharmacokinetics depend on P-gp. The aim of this study was to investigate the dosing time-dependent toxicity of everolimus with respect to the intestinal P-gp expression rhythms in mdr1a::Luc mice using Real Time-Biolumicorder (RT-BIO) System. Mdr1a::Luc male mice were synchronized with 12 h of Light and 12 h of Dark (LD12:12, with Zeitgeber Time 0 – ZT0 – corresponding Light onset). After 1-week baseline recordings, everolimus (5 mg/kg/day x 14 days) was administered orally at ZT1-resting period- and ZT13-activity period- to mdr1a::Luc mice singly housed in an innovative monitoring device, Real Time-Biolumicorder units which let us monitor real-time and long-term gene expression in freely moving mice. D-luciferin (1.5 mg/mL) was dissolved in drinking water. Mouse intestinal mdr1a::Luc oscillation profile reflecting P-gp gene expression and locomotor activity pattern were recorded every minute with the photomultiplier tube and infrared sensor respectively. General behavior and clinical signs were monitored, and body weight was measured every day as an index of toxicity. Drug-induced body weight change was expressed relative to body weight on the initial treatment day. Statistical significance of differences between groups was validated with ANOVA. Circadian rhythms were validated with Cosinor Analysis. Everolimus toxicity changed as a function of drug timing, which was least following dosing at ZT13, near the onset of the activity span in male mice. Mean body weight loss was nearly twice as large in mice treated with 5 mg/kg everolimus at ZT1 as compared to ZT13 (8.9% vs. 5.4%; ANOVA, p < 0.001). Based on the body weight loss and clinical signs upon everolimus treatment, tolerability for the drug was best following dosing at ZT13. Both rest-activity and mdr1a::Luc expression displayed stable 24-h periodic rhythms before everolimus and in both vehicle-treated controls. Real-time bioluminescence pattern of mdr1a revealed a circadian rhythm with a 24-h period with an acrophase at ZT16 (Cosinor, p < 0.001). Mdr1a expression remained rhythmic in everolimus-treated mice, whereas down-regulation was observed in P-gp expression in 2 of 4 mice. The study identified the circadian pattern of intestinal P-gp expression with an unprecedented precision. The circadian timing depending on the P-gp expression rhythms may play a crucial role in the tolerability/toxicity of everolimus. The circadian changes in mdr1a genes deserve further studies regarding their relevance for in vitro and in vivo chronotolerance of mdr1a-transported anticancer drugs. Chronotherapy with P-gp-effluxed anticancer drugs could then be applied according to their rhythmic patterns in host and tumor to jointly maximize treatment efficacy and minimize toxicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title="circadian rhythm">circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronotoxicity" title=" chronotoxicity"> chronotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=everolimus" title=" everolimus"> everolimus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mdr1a%3A%3ALuc%20mice" title=" mdr1a::Luc mice"> mdr1a::Luc mice</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=p-glycoprotein" title=" p-glycoprotein"> p-glycoprotein</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71521/relevance-of-dosing-time-for-everolimus-toxicity-in-respect-to-the-circadian-p-glycoprotein-expression-in-mdr1aluc-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71521.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">342</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">94</span> The Relationship between Amplitude and Stability of Circadian Rhythm with Sleep Quality and Sleepiness: A Population Study, Kerman 2018</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akram%20Sadat%20Jafari%20Roodbandi">Akram Sadat Jafari Roodbandi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Farzaneh%20Akbari"> Farzaneh Akbari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vafa%20Feyzi"> Vafa Feyzi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zahra%20Zare"> Zahra Zare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zohreh%20Foroozanfar"> Zohreh Foroozanfar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Introduction: Circadian rhythm or sleep-awake cycle in 24 hours is one of the important factors affecting the physiological and psychological characteristics in humans that contribute to biochemical, physiological and behavioral processes and helps people to set up brain and body for sleep or active awakening during certain hours. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between the characteristics of circadian rhythms on the sleep quality and sleepiness according to their demographic characteristics such as age. Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive-analytic study was carried out among the general population of Kerman, aged 15-84 years. After dividing the age groups into 10-year demographic characteristics questionnaire, the type of circadian questionnaire, Pittsburgh sleep quality questionnaire and Euporth sleepiness questionnaire were completed in equal numbers between men and women of that age group. Using cluster sampling with effect design equal 2, 1300 questionnaires were distributed during the various hours of 24 hours in public places in Kerman city. Data analysis was done using SPSS software and univariate tests and linear regressions at a significance level of 0.05. Results: In this study, 1147 subjects were included in the study, 584 (50.9%) were male and the rest were women. The mean age was 39.50 ± 15.38. 133 (11.60%) subjects from the study participants had sleepiness and 308 (26.90%) subjects had undesirable sleep quality. Using linear regression test, sleep quality was the significant correlation with sex, hours needed for sleep at 24 hours, chronic illness, sleepiness, and circadian rhythm amplitude. Sleepiness was the meaningful relationship with marital status, sleep-wake schedule of other family members and the stability of circadian rhythm. Both women and men, with age, decrease the quality of sleep and increase the rate of sleepiness. Conclusion: Age, sex, and type of circadian people, the need for sleep at 24 hours, marital status, sleep-wake schedule of other family members are significant factors related to the sleep quality and sleepiness and their adaptation to night shift work. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20type" title="circadian type">circadian type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20quality" title=" sleep quality"> sleep quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleepiness" title=" sleepiness"> sleepiness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=age" title=" age"> age</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shift%20work" title=" shift work"> shift work</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99715/the-relationship-between-amplitude-and-stability-of-circadian-rhythm-with-sleep-quality-and-sleepiness-a-population-study-kerman-2018" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99715.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">153</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">93</span> Circadian Rhythm and Demographic Incidence</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnaz%20Farahani">Behnaz Farahani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abbas%20Mirzaei"> Abbas Mirzaei</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study explores association between circadian rhythm pattern and some demographic incidences. The participants targeting 193 (97 females and 96 males between the ages of 20-30 years) Iranian bachelor students from Islamic Azad University who completed the self-reported over the 2nd semester 2011-2012 university year. The questionnaire has been tailored amalgamation of Horn & Östberg Questionnaire (MEQ) and Demographic Incidences Questionnaire in order to measure the students circadian rhythm pattern and their Demographic Incidences. The finding of this quantitative, descriptive, cross-sectional analysis confirmed the hypothesis in that 'circadian rhythm pattern' was positively associated with the demographic indices like age, marital status, gender, day in week and month of the birth time, and parent’s age and educational level at the time of the birth of the samples. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm%20pattern" title="circadian rhythm pattern">circadian rhythm pattern</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demographic%20incidences" title=" demographic incidences"> demographic incidences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=morning%20type" title=" morning type"> morning type</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=evening%20type" title=" evening type"> evening type</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5354/circadian-rhythm-and-demographic-incidence" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/5354.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">529</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">92</span> The Effect of Common Daily Schedule on the Human Circadian Rhythms during the Polar Day on Svalbard: Field Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamila%20Weissova">Kamila Weissova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jitka%20Skrabalova"> Jitka Skrabalova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Katerina%20Skalova"> Katerina Skalova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jana%20Koprivova"> Jana Koprivova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zdenka%20Bendova"> Zdenka Bendova</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Any Arctic visitor has to deal with extreme conditions, including constant light during the summer season or constant darkness during winter time. Light/dark cycle is the most powerful synchronizing signal for biological clock and the absence of daily dark period during the polar day can significantly alter the functional state of the internal clock. However, the inner clock can be synchronized by other zeitgebers such as physical activity, food intake or social interactions. Here, we investigated the effect of polar day on circadian clock of 10 researchers attending the polar base station in the Svalbard region during July. The data obtained on Svalbard were compared with the data obtained before the researchers left for the expedition (in the Czech Republic). To determine the state of circadian clock we used wrist actigraphy followed by sleep diaries, saliva, and buccal mucosa samples, both collected every 4 hours during 24h-interval to detect melatonin by radioimmunoassay and clock gene (PER1, BMAL1, NR1D1, DBP) mRNA levels by RT-qPCR. The clock gene expression was analyzed using cosinor analysis. From our results, it is apparent that the constant sunlight delayed melatonin onset and postponed the physical activity in the same order. Nevertheless, the clock gene expression displayed higher amplitude on Svalbard compared to the amplitude detected in the Czech Republic. These results have suggested that the common daily schedule at the Svalbard expedition can strengthen circadian rhythm in the environment that is lacking light/dark cycle. In conclusion, the constant sunlight delays melatonin onset, but it still maintains its rhythmic secretion. The effect of constant sunlight on circadian clock can be minimalized by common daily scheduled activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=actighraph" title="actighraph">actighraph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=clock%20genes" title=" clock genes"> clock genes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=human" title=" human"> human</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title=" melatonin"> melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polar%20day" title=" polar day"> polar day</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99911/the-effect-of-common-daily-schedule-on-the-human-circadian-rhythms-during-the-polar-day-on-svalbard-field-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/99911.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">173</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">91</span> The Effects of Circadian Rhythms Change in High Latitudes</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ekaterina%20Zvorykina">Ekaterina Zvorykina</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Nowadays, Arctic and Antarctic regions are distinguished to be one of the most important strategic resources for global development. Nonetheless, living conditions in Arctic regions still demand certain improvements. As soon as the region is rarely populated, one of the main points of interest is health accommodation of the people, who migrate to Arctic region for permanent and shift work. At Arctic and Antarctic latitudes, personnel face polar day and polar night conditions during the time of the year. It means that they are deprived of natural sunlight in winter season and have continuous daylight in summer. Firstly, the change in light intensity during 24-hours period due to migration affects circadian rhythms. Moreover, the controlled artificial light in winter is also an issue. The results of the recent studies on night shift medical professionals, who were exposed to permanent artificial light, have already demonstrated higher risks in cancer, depression, Alzheimer disease. Moreover, people exposed to frequent time zones change are also subjected to higher risks of heart attack and cancer. Thus, our main goals are to understand how high latitude work and living conditions can affect human health and how it can be prevented. In our study, we analyze molecular and cellular factors, which play important role in circadian rhythm change and distinguish main risk groups in people, migrating to high latitudes. The main well-studied index of circadian timing is melatonin or its metabolite 6-sulfatoxymelatonin. In low light intensity melatonin synthesis is disturbed and as a result human organism requires more time for sleep, which is still disregarded when it comes to working time organization. Lack of melatonin also causes shortage in serotonin production, which leads to higher depression risk. Melatonin is also known to inhibit oncogenes and increase apoptosis level in cells, the main factors for tumor growth, as well as circadian clock genes (for example Per2). Thus, people who work in high latitudes can be distinguished as a risk group for cancer diseases and demand more attention. Clock/Clock genes, known to be one of the main circadian clock regulators, decrease sensitivity of hypothalamus to estrogen and decrease glucose sensibility, which leads to premature aging and oestrous cycle disruption. Permanent light exposure also leads to accumulation superoxide dismutase and oxidative stress, which is one of the main factors for early dementia and Alzheimer disease. We propose a new screening system adjusted for people, migrating from middle to high latitudes and accommodation therapy. Screening is focused on melatonin and estrogen levels, sleep deprivation and neural disorders, depression level, cancer risks and heart and vascular disorders. Accommodation therapy includes different types artificial light exposure, additional melatonin and neuroprotectors. Preventive procedures can lead to increase of migration intensity to high latitudes and, as a result, the prosperity of Arctic region. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title="circadian rhythm">circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20latitudes" title=" high latitudes"> high latitudes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title=" melatonin"> melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neuroprotectors" title=" neuroprotectors"> neuroprotectors</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96799/the-effects-of-circadian-rhythms-change-in-high-latitudes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/96799.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">90</span> Pulsatile Drug Delivery System for Chronopharmacological Disorders</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20S.%20Patil">S. S. Patil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20U.%20Janugade"> B. U. Janugade</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20V.%20Patil"> S. V. Patil</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pulsatile systems are gaining a lot of interest as they deliver the drug at the right site of action at the right time and in the right amount, thus providing spatial and temporal delivery thus increasing patient compliance. These systems are designed according to the circadian rhythm of the body. Chronotherapeutics is the discipline concerned with the delivery of drugs according to inherent activities of a disease over a certain period of time. It is becoming increasingly more evident that the specific time that patients take their medication may be even more significant than was recognized in the past. The tradition of prescribing medication at evenly spaced time intervals throughout the day, in an attempt to maintain constant drug levels throughout a 24-hour period, may be changing as researcher’s report that some medications may work better if their administration is coordinated with day-night patterns and biological rhythms. The potential benefits of chronotherapeutics have been demonstrated in the management of a number of diseases. In particular, there is a great deal of interest in how chronotherapy can particularly benefit patients suffering from allergic rhinitis, rheumatoid arthritis and related disorders, asthma, cancer, cardiovascular diseases, and peptic ulcer disease. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pulsatile%20drug%20delivery" title="pulsatile drug delivery">pulsatile drug delivery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronotherapeutics" title=" chronotherapeutics"> chronotherapeutics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=asthma" title=" asthma"> asthma</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronobiology" title=" chronobiology"> chronobiology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6994/pulsatile-drug-delivery-system-for-chronopharmacological-disorders" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/6994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">89</span> Sunshine Hour as a Factor to Maintain the Circadian Rhythm of Heart Rate: Analysis of Ambulatory ECG and Weather Big Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emi%20Yuda">Emi Yuda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yutaka%20Yoshida"> Yutaka Yoshida</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Junichiro%20Hayano"> Junichiro Hayano</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Distinct circadian rhythm of activity, i.e., high activity during the day and deep rest at night are a typical feature of a healthy lifestyle. Exposure to the skylight is thought to be an important factor to increase arousal level and maintain normal circadian rhythm. To examine whether sunshine hours influence the day-night contract of activity, we analyzed the relationship between 24-hour heart rate (HR) and weather data of the recording day. We analyzed data in 36,500 males and 49,854 females of Allostatic State Mapping by Ambulatory ECG Repository (ALLSTAR) database in Japan. Median (IQR) sunshine duration was 5.3 (2.8-7.9) hr. While sunshine hours had only modest effects of increasing 24-hour average HR in either gender (P=0.0282 and 0.0248 for male and female) and no significant effects on nighttime HR in either gender, it increased daytime HR (P = 0.0007 and 0.0015) and day-night HF difference in both genders (P < 0.0001 for both) even after adjusting for the effects of average temperature, atmospheric pressure, and humidity. Our observations support for the hypothesis that longer sunshine hours enhance circadian rhythm of activity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=big%20data" title="big data">big data</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heart%20rate" title=" heart rate"> heart rate</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sunshine" title=" sunshine"> sunshine</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74290/sunshine-hour-as-a-factor-to-maintain-the-circadian-rhythm-of-heart-rate-analysis-of-ambulatory-ecg-and-weather-big-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74290.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">88</span> Relevance of Dosing Time for Everolimus Toxicity on Thyroid Gland and Hormones in Mice</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dilek%20Ozturk">Dilek Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narin%20Ozturk"> Narin Ozturk</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zeliha%20Pala%20Kara"> Zeliha Pala Kara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Engin%20Kaptan"> Engin Kaptan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Serap%20Sancar%20Bas"> Serap Sancar Bas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nurten%20Ozsoy"> Nurten Ozsoy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alper%20Okyar"> Alper Okyar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Most physiological processes oscillate in a rhythmic manner in mammals including metabolism and energy homeostasis, locomotor activity, hormone secretion, immune and endocrine system functions. Endocrine body rhythms are tightly regulated by the circadian timing system. The hypothalamic-pituitary-thyroid (HPT) axis is under circadian control at multiple levels from hypothalamus to thyroid gland. Since circadian timing system controls a variety of biological functions in mammals, circadian rhythms of biological functions may modify the drug tolerability/toxicity depending on the dosing time. Selective mTOR (mammalian target of rapamycin) inhibitor everolimus is an immunosuppressant and anticancer agent that is active against many cancers. It was also found to be active in medullary thyroid cancer. The aim of this study was to investigate the dosing time-dependent toxicity of everolimus on the thyroid gland and hormones in mice. Healthy C57BL/6J mice were synchronized with 12h:12h Light-Dark cycle (LD12:12, with Zeitgeber Time 0 – ZT0 – corresponding to Light onset). Everolimus was administered to male (5 mg/kg/day) and female mice (15 mg/kg/day) orally at ZT1-rest period- and ZT13-activity period- for 4 weeks; body weight loss, clinical signs and possible changes in serum thyroid hormone levels (TSH and free T4) were examined. Histological alterations in the thyroid gland were evaluated according to the following criteria: follicular size, colloid density and viscidity, height of the follicular epithelium and the presence of necrotic cells. The statistical significance between differences was analyzed with ANOVA. Study findings included everolimus-related diarrhea, decreased activity, decreased body weight gains, alterations in serum TSH levels, and histopathological changes in thyroid gland. Decreases in mean body weight gains were more evident in mice treated at ZT1 as compared to ZT13 (p < 0.001, for both sexes). Control tissue sections of thyroid glands exhibited well-organized histoarchitecture when compared to everolimus-treated groups. Everolimus caused histopathological alterations in thyroid glands in male (5 mg/kg, slightly) and female mice (15 mg/kg; p < 0.01 for both ZT as compared to their controls) irrespective of dosing-time. TSH levels were slightly decreased upon everolimus treatment at ZT13 in both males and females. Conversely, increases in TSH levels were observed when everolimus treated at ZT1 in both males (5 mg/kg; p < 0.05) and females (15 mg/kg; slightly). No statistically significant alterations in serum free T4 levels were observed. TSH and free T4 is clinically important thyroid hormones since a number of disease states have been linked to alterations in these hormones. Serum free T4 levels within the normal ranges in the presence of abnormal serum TSH levels in everolimus treated mice may suggest subclinical thyroid disease which may have repercussions on the cardiovascular system, as well as on other organs and systems. Our study has revealed the histological damage on thyroid gland induced by subacute everolimus administration, this effect was irrespective of dosing time. However, based on the body weight changes and clinical signs upon everolimus treatment, tolerability for the drug was best following dosing at ZT13 in both male and females. Yet, effects of everolimus on thyroid functions may deserve further studies regarding their clinical importance and chronotoxicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title="circadian rhythm">circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronotoxicity" title=" chronotoxicity"> chronotoxicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=everolimus" title=" everolimus"> everolimus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20gland" title=" thyroid gland"> thyroid gland</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid%20hormones" title=" thyroid hormones"> thyroid hormones</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71510/relevance-of-dosing-time-for-everolimus-toxicity-on-thyroid-gland-and-hormones-in-mice" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71510.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">349</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">87</span> The Evolution of Traditional Rhythms in Redefining the West African Country of Guinea</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Janice%20Haworth">Janice Haworth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Karamoko%20Camara"> Karamoko Camara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marie-Ther%C3%A8se%20Dramou"> Marie-Therèse Dramou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kokoly%20Haba"> Kokoly Haba</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Daniel%20L%C3%A9no"> Daniel Léno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Augustin%20Mara"> Augustin Mara</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Adama%20No%C3%ABl%20Oulari"> Adama Noël Oulari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Silafa%20Tolno"> Silafa Tolno</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=No%C3%ABl%20Zoumanigui"> Noël Zoumanigui</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The traditional rhythms of the West African country of Guinea have played a centuries-long role in defining the different people groups that make up the country. Throughout their history, before and since colonization by the French, the different ethnicities have used their traditional music as a distinct part of their historical identities. That is starting to change. Guinea is an impoverished nation created in the early twentieth-century with little regard for the history and cultures of the people who were included. The traditional rhythms of the different people groups and their heritages have remained. Fifteen individual traditional Guinean rhythms were chosen to represent popular rhythms from the four geographical regions of Guinea. Each rhythm was traced back to its native village and video recorded on-site by as many different local performing groups as could be located. The cyclical patterns rhythms were transcribed via a circular, spatial design and then copied into a box notation system where sounds happening at the same time could be studied. These rhythms were analyzed for their consistency-over-performance in a Fundamental Rhythm Pattern analysis so rhythms could be compared for how they are changing through different performances. The analysis showed that the traditional rhythm performances of the Middle and Forest Guinea regions were the most cohesive and showed the least evidence of change between performances. The role of music in each of these regions is both limited and focused. The Coastal and High Guinea regions have much in common historically through their ethnic history and modern-day trade connections, but the rhythm performances seem to be less consistent and demonstrate more changes in how they are performed today. In each of these regions the role and usage of music is much freer and wide-spread. In spite of advances being made as a country, different ethnic groups still frequently only respond and participate (dance and sing) to the music of their native ethnicity. There is some evidence that this self-imposed musical barrier is beginning to change and evolve, partially through the development of better roads, more access to electricity and technology, the nation-wide Ebola health crisis, and a growing self-identification as a unified nation. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cultural%20identity" title="cultural identity">cultural identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guinea" title=" Guinea"> Guinea</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=traditional%20rhythms" title=" traditional rhythms"> traditional rhythms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=west%20Africa" title=" west Africa"> west Africa</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34333/the-evolution-of-traditional-rhythms-in-redefining-the-west-african-country-of-guinea" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">391</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">86</span> Predictors of Survival of Therapeutic Hypothermia Based on Analysis of a Consecutive American Inner City Population over 4 Years</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jorge%20Martinez">Jorge Martinez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Brandon%20Roberts"> Brandon Roberts</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Holly%20Payton%20Toca"> Holly Payton Toca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) is the international standard of care for all comatose patients after cardiac arrest, but criticism focuses on poor outcomes. We sought to develop criteria to identify American urban patients more likely to benefit from TH. Methods: Retrospective chart review of 107 consecutive adults undergoing TH in downtown New Orleans from 2010-2014 yielded records for 99 patients with all 44 survivors or families contacted up to four years. Results: 69 males and 38 females with a mean age of 60.2 showed 63 dead (58%) and 44 survivors (42%). Presenting cardiac rhythm was divided into shockable (Pulseless Ventricular Tachycardia, Ventricular Fibrillation) and non-shockable (Pulseless Electrical Activity, Asystole). Presenting in shockable rhythms with ROSC <20 minutes were 21 patients with 15 (71%) survivors (p=.001). Time >20 minutes until ROSC in shockable rhythms had 5 patients with 3 survivors (78%, p=0.001). Presenting in non-shockable rhythms with ROSC <20 minutes were 54 patients with 18 survivors (33%, p=.001). ROSC >20 minutes in non-shockable rhythms had 19 patients with 2 survivors (8%, p=.001). Survivors of shockable rhythms showed 19 (100%) living post TH. 15 survivors (79%, n=19, p=.001) had CPC score 1 or 2 with 4 survivors (21%, n=19) having a CPC score of 3. A total of 25 survived non-shockable rhythm. Acute survival of patients with non-shockable rhythm showed 18 expired <72 hours (72%, n=25) with long-term survival of 4 patients (5%, n=74) and CPC scores of 1 or 2 (p=.001). Interestingly, patients with time to ROSC <20 minutes exhibiting more than one loss of sustained ROSC showed 100% mortality (p=.001). Patients presenting with shockable >20 minutes ROSC had overall survival of 70% (p=.001), but those undergoing >3 cardiac rhythm changes had 100% mortality (p=.001). Conclusion: Patients presenting with shockable rhythms undergoing TH had overall acute survival of 70% followed by long-term survival of 100% after 4 years. In contrast, patients presenting with non-shockable rhythm had long-term survival of 5%. TH is not recommended for patients presenting with non-shockable rhythm and requiring greater than 20 minutes for restoration of ROSC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiac%20rhythm%20changes" title="cardiac rhythm changes">cardiac rhythm changes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pulseless%20Electrical%20Activity%20%28PEA%29" title=" Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)"> Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Therapeutic%20Hypothermia%20%28TH%29" title=" Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH)"> Therapeutic Hypothermia (TH)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13783/predictors-of-survival-of-therapeutic-hypothermia-based-on-analysis-of-a-consecutive-american-inner-city-population-over-4-years" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/13783.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">211</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">85</span> A Non-Destructive Estimation Method for Internal Time in Perilla Leaf Using Hyperspectral Data</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shogo%20Nagano">Shogo Nagano</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yusuke%20Tanigaki"> Yusuke Tanigaki</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hirokazu%20Fukuda"> Hirokazu Fukuda</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vegetables harvested early in the morning or late in the afternoon are valued in plant production, and so the time of harvest is important. The biological functions known as circadian clocks have a significant effect on this harvest timing. The purpose of this study was to non-destructively estimate the circadian clock and so construct a method for determining a suitable harvest time. We took eight samples of green busil (Perilla frutescens var. crispa) every 4 hours, six times for 1 day and analyzed all samples at the same time. A hyperspectral camera was used to collect spectrum intensities at 141 different wavelengths (350–1050 nm). Calculation of correlations between spectrum intensity of each wavelength and harvest time suggested the suitability of the hyperspectral camera for non-destructive estimation. However, even the highest correlated wavelength had a weak correlation, so we used machine learning to raise the accuracy of estimation and constructed a machine learning model to estimate the internal time of the circadian clock. Artificial neural networks (ANN) were used for machine learning because this is an effective analysis method for large amounts of data. Using the estimation model resulted in an error between estimated and real times of 3 min. The estimations were made in less than 2 hours. Thus, we successfully demonstrated this method of non-destructively estimating internal time. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=artificial%20neural%20network%20%28ANN%29" title="artificial neural network (ANN)">artificial neural network (ANN)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20clock" title=" circadian clock"> circadian clock</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=green%20busil" title=" green busil"> green busil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hyperspectral%20camera" title=" hyperspectral camera"> hyperspectral camera</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-destructive%20evaluation" title=" non-destructive evaluation"> non-destructive evaluation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48381/a-non-destructive-estimation-method-for-internal-time-in-perilla-leaf-using-hyperspectral-data" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/48381.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">299</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">84</span> Circadian Disruption in Polycystic Ovary Syndrome Model Rats</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fangfang%20Wang">Fangfang Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fan%20Qu"> Fan Qu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), the most common endocrinopathy among women of reproductive age, is characterized by ovarian dysfunction, hyperandrogenism and reduced fecundity. The aim of this study is to investigate whether the circadian disruption is involved in pathogenesis of PCOS in androgen-induced animal model. We established a rat model of PCOS using single subcutaneous injection with testosterone propionate on the ninth day after birth, and confirmed their PCOS-like phenotypes with vaginal smears, ovarian hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining and serum androgen measurement. The control group rats received the vehicle only. Gene expression was detected by real-time quantitative PCR. (1) Compared with control group, PCOS model rats of 10-week group showed persistently keratinized vaginal cells, while all the control rats showed at least two consecutive estrous cycles. (2) Ovarian HE staining and histological examination showed that PCOS model rats of 10-week group presented many cystic follicles with decreased numbers of granulosa cells and corpora lutea in their ovaries, while the control rats had follicles with normal layers of granulosa cells at various stages of development and several generations of corpora lutea. (3) In the 10-week group, serum free androgen index was notably higher in PCOS model rats than controls. (4) Disturbed mRNA expression patterns of core clock genes were found in ovaries of PCOS model rats of 10-week group. Abnormal expression of key genes associated with circadian rhythm in ovary may be one of the mechanisms for ovarian dysfunction in PCOS model rats induced by androgen. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polycystic%20ovary%20syndrome" title="polycystic ovary syndrome">polycystic ovary syndrome</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=androgen" title=" androgen"> androgen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=animal%20model" title=" animal model"> animal model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20disruption" title=" circadian disruption"> circadian disruption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71119/circadian-disruption-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-model-rats" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/71119.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">83</span> Effects of Whole Body Vibration on Movement Variability Performing a Resistance Exercise with Different Ballasts and Rhythms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S%C3%ADlvia%20tuy%C3%A0%20Vi%C3%B1as">Sílvia tuyà Viñas</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Bruno%20Fern%C3%A1ndez-Vald%C3%A9s"> Bruno Fernández-Valdés</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carla%20P%C3%A9rez-Chirinos"> Carla Pérez-Chirinos</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Monica%20Morral-Yepes"> Monica Morral-Yepes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucas%20del%20Campo%20Montoliu"> Lucas del Campo Montoliu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gerard%20Moras%20Feliu"> Gerard Moras Feliu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Some researchers stated that whole body vibration (WBV) generates postural destabilization, although there is no extensive research. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze movement variability when performing a half-squat with a different type of ballasts and rhythms with (V) and without (NV) WBV in male athletes using entropy. Twelve experienced in strength training males (age: 21.24  2.35 years, height: 176.83  5.80 cm, body mass: 70.63  8.58 kg) performed a half-squat with weighted vest (WV), dumbbells (D), and a bar with the weights suspended with elastic bands (B), in V and NV at 40 bpm and 60 bpm. Subjects performed one set of twelve repetitions of each situation, composed by the combination of the three factors. The movement variability was analyzed by calculating the Sample Entropy (SampEn) of the total acceleration signal recorded at the waist. In V, significant differences were found between D and WV (p<0.001; ES: 2.87 at 40 bpm; p<0.001; ES: 3.17 at 60 bpm) and between the B and WV at both rhythms (p<0.001; ES: 3.12 at 40 bpm; p<0.001; ES: 2.93 at 60 bpm) and a higher SampEn was obtained at 40 bpm with all ballasts (p<0.001; ES of WV: 1.22; ES of D: 4.49; ES of B: 4.03). No significant differences were found in NV. WBV is a disturbing and destabilizing stimulus. Strength and conditioning coaches should choose the combination of ballast and rhythm of execution according to the level and objectives of each athlete. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=accelerometry" title="accelerometry">accelerometry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=destabilization" title=" destabilization"> destabilization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=entropy" title=" entropy"> entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=movement%20variability" title=" movement variability"> movement variability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=resistance%20training" title=" resistance training"> resistance training</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141941/effects-of-whole-body-vibration-on-movement-variability-performing-a-resistance-exercise-with-different-ballasts-and-rhythms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/141941.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">179</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">82</span> Effects of Spectrotemporal Modulation of Music Profiles on Coherence of Cardiovascular Rhythms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=I-Hui%20Hsieh">I-Hui Hsieh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yu-Hsuan%20Hu"> Yu-Hsuan Hu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The powerful effect of music is often associated with changes in physiological responses such as heart rate and respiration. Previous studies demonstrate that Mayer waves of blood pressure, the spontaneous rhythm occurring at 0.1 Hz, corresponds to a progressive crescendo of the musical phrase. However, music contain dynamic changes in temporal and spectral features. As such, it remains unclear which aspects of musical structures optimally affect synchronization of cardiovascular rhythms. This study investigates the independent contribution of spectral pattern, temporal pattern, and dissonance level on synchronization of cardiovascular rhythms. The regularity of acoustical patterns occurring at a periodic rhythm of 0.1 Hz is hypothesized to elicit the strongest coherence of cardiovascular rhythms. Music excerpts taken from twelve pieces of Western classical repertoire were modulated to contain varying degrees of pattern regularity of the acoustic envelope structure. Three levels of dissonance were manipulated by varying the harmonic structure of the accompanying chords. Electrocardiogram and photoplethysmography signals were recorded for 5 minutes of baseline and simultaneously while participants listen to music excerpts randomly presented over headphones in a sitting position. Participants were asked to indicate the pleasantness of each music excerpt by adjusting via a slider presented on screen. Analysis of the Fourier spectral power of blood pressure around 0.1 Hz showed a significant difference between music excerpts characterized by spectral and temporal pattern regularity compared to the same content in random pattern. Phase coherence between heart rate and blood pressure increased significantly during listening to spectrally-regular phrases compared to its matched control phrases. The degree of dissonance of the accompanying chord sequence correlated with level of coherence between heart rate and blood pressure. Results suggest that low-level auditory features of music can entrain coherence of autonomic physiological variables. These findings have potential implications for using music as a clinical and therapeutic intervention for regulating cardiovascular functions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cardiovascular%20rhythms" title="cardiovascular rhythms">cardiovascular rhythms</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coherence" title=" coherence"> coherence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dissonance" title=" dissonance"> dissonance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pattern%20regularity" title=" pattern regularity"> pattern regularity</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103419/effects-of-spectrotemporal-modulation-of-music-profiles-on-coherence-of-cardiovascular-rhythms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/103419.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">148</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">81</span> GABARAPL1 (GEC1) mRNA Expression Levels in Patients with Alzheimer's Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Bayram">Ali Bayram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Burak%20Uz"> Burak Uz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ilhan%20Dolasik"> Ilhan Dolasik</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Remzi%20Yi%C4%9Fiter"> Remzi Yiğiter</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The GABARAP (GABAA-receptor-associated protein) family consists of GABARAP, GABARAPL1 (GABARAP-like 1) and GABARAPL2 (GABARAP-like 2). GABARAPL1, like GABARAP, was described to interact with both GABAA receptor and tubulin, and to be involved in intracellular GABAA receptor trafficking and promoting tubulin polymerization. In addition, GABARAPL1 is thought to be involved in various physiological (autophagosome closure, regulation of circadian rhythms) and/or pathological mechanisms (cancer, neurodegeneration). Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a progressive neuro degenerative disorder characterized with impaired cognitive functions. Disruption of the GABAergic neuro transmission as well as cholinergic and glutamatergic interactions, may also be involved in the pathogenesis of AD. GABARAPL1 presents a regulated tissue expression and is the most expressed gene among the GABARAP family members in the central nervous system. We, herein, conducted a study to investigate the GABARAPL1 mRNA expression levels in patients with AD. 50 patients with AD and 49 control patients were enrolled to the present study. Messenger RNA expression levels of GABARAPL1 were detected by real-time polymerase chain reaction. GABARAPL1 mRNA expression in AD / control patients was 0,495 (95% confidence interval: 0,404-0,607), p= 0,00000002646. Reduced activity of GABARAPL1 gene might play a role, at least partly, in the pathophysiology of AD. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alzheimer%E2%80%99s%20disease" title="Alzheimer’s disease">Alzheimer’s disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GABARAPL1" title=" GABARAPL1"> GABARAPL1</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mRNA%20expression" title=" mRNA expression"> mRNA expression</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=RT-PCR" title=" RT-PCR"> RT-PCR</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19029/gabarapl1-gec1-mrna-expression-levels-in-patients-with-alzheimers-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19029.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">458</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">80</span> Insight2OSC: Using Electroencephalography (EEG) Rhythms from the Emotiv Insight for Musical Composition via Open Sound Control (OSC) </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Constanza%20Levic%C3%A1n">Constanza Levicán</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andr%C3%A9s%20Aparicio"> Andrés Aparicio</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rodrigo%20F.%20C%C3%A1diz"> Rodrigo F. Cádiz</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The artistic usage of Brain-computer interfaces (BCI), initially intended for medical purposes, has increased in the past few years as they become more affordable and available for the general population. One interesting question that arises from this practice is whether it is possible to compose or perform music by using only the brain as a musical instrument. In order to approach this question, we propose a BCI for musical composition, based on the representation of some mental states as the musician thinks about sounds. We developed software, called Insight2OSC, that allows the usage of the Emotiv Insight device as a musical instrument, by sending the EEG data to audio processing software such as MaxMSP through the OSC protocol. We provide two compositional applications bundled with the software, which we call Mapping your Mental State and Thinking On. The signals produced by the brain have different frequencies (or rhythms) depending on the level of activity, and they are classified as one of the following waves: delta (0.5-4 Hz), theta (4-8 Hz), alpha (8-13 Hz), beta (13-30 Hz), gamma (30-50 Hz). These rhythms have been found to be related to some recognizable mental states. For example, the delta rhythm is predominant in a deep sleep, while beta and gamma rhythms have higher amplitudes when the person is awake and very concentrated. Our first application (Mapping your Mental State) produces different sounds representing the mental state of the person: focused, active, relaxed or in a state similar to a deep sleep by the selection of the dominants rhythms provided by the EEG device. The second application relies on the physiology of the brain, which is divided into several lobes: frontal, temporal, parietal and occipital. The frontal lobe is related to abstract thinking and high-level functions, the parietal lobe conveys the stimulus of the body senses, the occipital lobe contains the primary visual cortex and processes visual stimulus, the temporal lobe processes auditory information and it is important for memory tasks. In consequence, our second application (Thinking On) processes the audio output depending on the users’ brain activity as it activates a specific area of the brain that can be measured using the Insight device. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=BCI" title="BCI">BCI</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=music%20composition" title=" music composition"> music composition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotiv%20insight" title=" emotiv insight"> emotiv insight</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSC" title=" OSC"> OSC</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64805/insight2osc-using-electroencephalography-eeg-rhythms-from-the-emotiv-insight-for-musical-composition-via-open-sound-control-osc" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/64805.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">322</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">79</span> Possible Mechanism of DM2 Development in OSA Patients Mediated via Rev-Erb-Alpha and NPAS2 Proteins</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Filip%20Franciszek%20Karuga">Filip Franciszek Karuga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Szymon%20Turkiewicz"> Szymon Turkiewicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marta%20Ditmer"> Marta Ditmer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Marcin%20Sochal"> Marcin Sochal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Bia%C5%82asiewicz"> Piotr Białasiewicz</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Agata%20Gabryelska"> Agata Gabryelska</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Circadian rhythm, an internal coordinator of physiological processes is composed of a set of semi-autonomous clocks. Clocks are regulated through the expression of circadian clock genes which form feedback loops, creating an oscillator. The primary loop consists of activators: CLOCK, BMAL1 and repressors: CRY, PER. CLOCK can be substituted by the Neuronal PAS Domain Protein 2 (NPAS2). Orphan nuclear receptor (REV-ERB-α) is a component of the secondary major loop, modulating the expression of BMAL1. Circadian clocks might be disrupted by the obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), which has also been associated with type II diabetes mellitus (DM2). Interestingly, studies suggest that dysregulation of NPAS2 and REV-ERB-α might contribute to the pathophysiology of DM2 as well. The goal of our study was to examine the role of NPAS2 and REV-ERB-α in DM2 in OSA patients. After examination of the clinical data, all participants underwent polysomnography (PSG) to assess their apnea-hypopnea index (AHI). Based on the acquired data participants were assigned to one of 3 groups: OSA (AHI>30, no DM2; n=17 for NPAS2 and 34 for REV-ERB-α), DM2 (AHI>30 + DM2; n=7 for NPAS2 and 15 for REV-ERB-α) and control group (AHI<5, no DM2; n=16 for NPAS2 and 31 for REV-ERB-α). ELISA immunoassay was performed to assess the serum protein level of REV-ERB-α and NPAS2. The only statistically significant difference between groups was observed in NPAS2 protein level (p=0.037). Post-hoc analysis showed significant differences between the OSA and the control group (p=0.017). AHI and NPAS2 level was significantly correlated (r=-0.478, p=0.002) in all groups. A significant correlation was observed between the REV-ERB-α level and sleep efficiency (r=0.617, p=0.005) as well as sleep maintenance efficiency (r=0.645, p=0.003) in the OSA group. We conclude, that NPAS2 is associated with OSA severity and might contribute to metabolic sequelae of this disease. REV-ERB-α on the other hand can influence sleep continuity and efficiency. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=OSA" title="OSA">OSA</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=diabetes%20mellitus" title=" diabetes mellitus"> diabetes mellitus</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=endocrinology" title=" endocrinology"> endocrinology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chronobiology" title=" chronobiology"> chronobiology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144640/possible-mechanism-of-dm2-development-in-osa-patients-mediated-via-rev-erb-alpha-and-npas2-proteins" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/144640.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">155</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">78</span> Relationships among Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in Oncology Nurses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yi-Fung%20Lin">Yi-Fung Lin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pei-Chen%20Tsai"> Pei-Chen Tsai</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: The hospital healthcare team provides 24-hour patient care, and therefore shift-work is inevitable in the nursing field. There is an increased awareness that shift-work affecting circadian rhythms may cause various health problems, especially in poor sleep quality, which may harm the quality of life. Purposes: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influences of demographic characteristics on nurses’ sleep quality and quality of life and the relationship between these predictors of nurses’ quality of life. Methods: A cross-sectional, descriptive correlational study was conducted with purposive sampling of 520 female nurses in a medical center in north Taiwan from July to September 2014. Data were collected with structured questionnaires using Psychometric Evaluation of the Chinese version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and the World Health Organization Quality of Life (WHOQOL-BREF). Outcomes: The main results include: 1) Irregular menstruation, non-regular exercisers, and more daily caffeine consumption have negative impacts on sleep quality. 2) Younger age, fewer children, low education level, low annual income, irregular menstruation, pain during menstrual cycles, non-regular exercisers, constipation, and poor sleep quality all contribute negative impacts on the quality of life. 3) The odds ratio of sleep disturbance between 12-hour shifts and 8-hour shifts was 2.26, but there was no significant difference regarding their quality of life scores. Conclusion: This study showed that there is a strong correlation between oncology nurses’ sleep quality and quality of life. Sleep quality is a significant predictor of quality of life in oncology nurses. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oncology%20nurses" title="oncology nurses">oncology nurses</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sleep%20quality" title=" sleep quality"> sleep quality</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=quality%20of%20life" title=" quality of life"> quality of life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=shift-work" title=" shift-work"> shift-work</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124819/relationships-among-sleep-quality-and-quality-of-life-in-oncology-nurses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/124819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">77</span> Night Shift Work as an Oxidative Stressor: A Systematic Review</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madeline%20Gibson">Madeline Gibson</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Night shift workers make up an essential part of the modern workforce. However, night shift workers have higher incidences of late in life diseases and earlier mortality. Night shift workers are exposed to constant light and experience circadian rhythm disruption. Sleep disruption is thought to increase oxidative stress, defined as an imbalance of excess pro-oxidative factors and reactive oxygen species over anti-oxidative activity. Oxidative stress can damage cells, proteins and DNA and can eventually lead to varied chronic diseases such as cancer, diabetes, cardiovascular disease, Alzheimer’s and dementia. This review aimed to understand whether night shift workers were at greater risk of oxidative stress and to contribute to a consensus on this relationship. Twelve studies published in 2001-2019 examining 2,081 workers were included in the review. Studies compared both the impact of working a single shift and in comparisons between those who regularly work night shifts and only day shifts. All studies had evidence to support this relationship across a range of oxidative stress indicators, including increased DNA damage, reduced DNA repair capacity, increased lipid peroxidation, higher levels of reactive oxygen species, and to a lesser extent, a reduction in antioxidant defense. This research supports the theory that melatonin and the sleep-wake cycle mediate the relationship between shift work and oxidative stress. It is concluded that night shift work increases the risk for oxidative stress and, therefore, future disease. Recommendations are made to promote the long-term health of shift workers considering these findings. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=night%20shift%20work" title="night shift work">night shift work</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coxidative%20stress" title=" coxidative stress"> coxidative stress</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=melatonin" title=" melatonin"> melatonin</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=disease" title=" disease"> disease</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm%20disruption" title=" circadian rhythm disruption"> circadian rhythm disruption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140453/night-shift-work-as-an-oxidative-stressor-a-systematic-review" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/140453.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">266</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">76</span> Evaluation of Cardiac Rhythm Patterns after Open Surgical Maze-Procedures from Three Years' Experiences in a Single Heart Center</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Yan">J. Yan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Pieper"> B. Pieper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Bucsky"> B. Bucsky</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20H.%20Sievers"> H. H. Sievers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=B.%20Nasseri"> B. Nasseri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20A.%20Mohamed"> S. A. Mohamed</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In order to optimize the efficacy of medications, the regular follow-up with long-term continuous monitoring of heart rhythmic patterns has been facilitated since clinical introduction of cardiac implantable electronic monitoring devices (CIMD). Extensive analysis of rhythmic circadian properties is capable to disclose the distributions of arrhythmic events, which may support appropriate medication according rate-/rhythm-control strategy and minimize consequent afflictions. 348 patients (69 ± 0.5ys, male 61.8%) with predisposed atrial fibrillation (AF), undergoing primary ablating therapies combined to coronary or valve operations and secondary implantation of CIMDs, were involved and divided into 3 groups such as PAAF (paroxysmal AF) (n=99, male 68.7%), PEAF (persistent AF) (n=94, male 62.8%), and LSPEAF (long-standing persistent AF) (n=155, male 56.8%). All patients participated in three-year ambulant follow-up (3, 6, 9, 12, 18, 24, 30 and 36 months). Burdens of atrial fibrillation recurrence were assessed using cardiac monitor devices, whereby attacks frequencies and their circadian patterns were systemically analyzed. Anticoagulants and regular anti-arrhythmic medications were evaluated and the last were listed in terms of anti-rate and anti-rhythm regimens. Patients in the PEAF-group showed the least AF-burden after surgical ablating procedures compared to both of the other subtypes (p < 0.05). The AF-recurrences predominantly performed such attacks’ property as shorter than one hour, namely within 10 minutes (p < 0.05), regardless of AF-subtypes. Concerning circadian distribution of the recurrence attacks, frequent AF-attacks were mostly recorded in the morning in the PAAF-group (p < 0.05), while the patients with predisposed PEAF complained less attack-induced discomforts in the latter half of the night and the ones with LSPEAF only if they were not physically active after primary surgical ablations. Different AF-subtypes presented distinct therapeutic efficacies after appropriate surgical ablating procedures and recurrence properties in sense of circadian distribution. An optimization of medical regimen and drug dosages to maintain the therapeutic success needs more attention to detailed assessment of the long-term follow-up. Rate-control strategy plays a much more important role than rhythm-control in the ongoing follow-up examinations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atrial%20fibrillation" title="atrial fibrillation">atrial fibrillation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CIMD" title=" CIMD"> CIMD</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MAZE" title=" MAZE"> MAZE</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rate-control" title=" rate-control"> rate-control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhythm-control" title=" rhythm-control"> rhythm-control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhythm%20patterns" title=" rhythm patterns"> rhythm patterns</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83955/evaluation-of-cardiac-rhythm-patterns-after-open-surgical-maze-procedures-from-three-years-experiences-in-a-single-heart-center" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83955.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">75</span> Mobi-DiQ: A Pervasive Sensing System for Delirium Risk Assessment in Intensive Care Unit</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Subhash%20Nerella">Subhash Nerella</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ziyuan%20Guan"> Ziyuan Guan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azra%20Bihorac"> Azra Bihorac</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Parisa%20Rashidi"> Parisa Rashidi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intensive care units (ICUs) provide care to critically ill patients in severe and life-threatening conditions. However, patient monitoring in the ICU is limited by the time and resource constraints imposed on healthcare providers. Many critical care indices such as mobility are still manually assessed, which can be subjective, prone to human errors, and lack granularity. Other important aspects, such as environmental factors, are not monitored at all. For example, critically ill patients often experience circadian disruptions due to the absence of effective environmental “timekeepers” such as the light/dark cycle and the systemic effect of acute illness on chronobiologic markers. Although the occurrence of delirium is associated with circadian disruption risk factors, these factors are not routinely monitored in the ICU. Hence, there is a critical unmet need to develop systems for precise and real-time assessment through novel enabling technologies. We have developed the mobility and circadian disruption quantification system (Mobi-DiQ) by augmenting biomarker and clinical data with pervasive sensing data to generate mobility and circadian cues related to mobility, nightly disruptions, and light and noise exposure. We hypothesize that Mobi-DiQ can provide accurate mobility and circadian cues that correlate with bedside clinical mobility assessments and circadian biomarkers, ultimately important for delirium risk assessment and prevention. The collected multimodal dataset consists of depth images, Electromyography (EMG) data, patient extremity movement captured by accelerometers, ambient light levels, Sound Pressure Level (SPL), and indoor air quality measured by volatile organic compounds, and the equivalent CO₂ concentration. For delirium risk assessment, the system recognizes mobility cues (axial body movement features and body key points) and circadian cues, including nightly disruptions, ambient SPL, and light intensity, as well as other environmental factors such as indoor air quality. The Mobi-DiQ system consists of three major components: the pervasive sensing system, a data storage and analysis server, and a data annotation system. For data collection, six local pervasive sensing systems were deployed, including a local computer and sensors. A video recording tool with graphical user interface (GUI) developed in python was used to capture depth image frames for analyzing patient mobility. All sensor data is encrypted, then automatically uploaded to the Mobi-DiQ server through a secured VPN connection. Several data pipelines are developed to automate the data transfer, curation, and data preparation for annotation and model training. The data curation and post-processing are performed on the server. A custom secure annotation tool with GUI was developed to annotate depth activity data. The annotation tool is linked to the MongoDB database to record the data annotation and to provide summarization. Docker containers are also utilized to manage services and pipelines running on the server in an isolated manner. The processed clinical data and annotations are used to train and develop real-time pervasive sensing systems to augment clinical decision-making and promote targeted interventions. In the future, we intend to evaluate our system as a clinical implementation trial, as well as to refine and validate it by using other data sources, including neurological data obtained through continuous electroencephalography (EEG). <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=deep%20learning" title="deep learning">deep learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=delirium" title=" delirium"> delirium</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=healthcare" title=" healthcare"> healthcare</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pervasive%20sensing" title=" pervasive sensing"> pervasive sensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152262/mobi-diq-a-pervasive-sensing-system-for-delirium-risk-assessment-in-intensive-care-unit" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/152262.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">93</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">74</span> Dynamic EEG Desynchronization in Response to Vicarious Pain</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Justin%20Durham">Justin Durham</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chanda%20Rooney"> Chanda Rooney</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Robert%20Mather"> Robert Mather</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mickie%20Vanhoy"> Mickie Vanhoy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The psychological construct of empathy is to understand a person’s cognitive perspective and experience the other person’s emotional state. Deciphering emotional states is conducive for interpreting vicarious pain. Observing others' physical pain activates neural networks related to the actual experience of pain itself. The study addresses empathy as a nonlinear dynamic process of simulation for individuals to understand the mental states of others and experience vicarious pain, exhibiting self-organized criticality. Such criticality follows from a combination of neural networks with an excitatory feedback loop generating bistability to resonate permutated empathy. Cortical networks exhibit diverse patterns of activity, including oscillations, synchrony and waves, however, the temporal dynamics of neurophysiological activities underlying empathic processes remain poorly understood. Mu rhythms are EEG oscillations with dominant frequencies of 8-13 Hz becoming synchronized when the body is relaxed with eyes open and when the sensorimotor system is in idle, thus, mu rhythm synchrony is expected to be highest in baseline conditions. When the sensorimotor system is activated either by performing or simulating action, mu rhythms become suppressed or desynchronize, thus, should be suppressed while observing video clips of painful injuries if previous research on mirror system activation holds. Twelve undergraduates contributed EEG data and survey responses to empathy and psychopathy scales in addition to watching consecutive video clips of sports injuries. Participants watched a blank, black image on a computer monitor before and after observing a video of consecutive sports injuries incidents. Each video condition lasted five-minutes long. A BIOPAC MP150 recorded EEG signals from sensorimotor and thalamocortical regions related to a complex neural network called the ‘pain matrix’. Physical and social pain are activated in this network to resonate vicarious pain responses to processing empathy. Five EEG single electrode locations were applied to regions measuring sensorimotor electrical activity in microvolts (μV) to monitor mu rhythms. EEG signals were sampled at a rate of 200 Hz. Mu rhythm desynchronization was measured via 8-13 Hz at electrode sites (F3 & F4). Data for each participant’s mu rhythms were analyzed via Fast Fourier Transformation (FFT) and multifractal time series analysis. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=desynchronization" title="desynchronization">desynchronization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=dynamical%20systems%20theory" title=" dynamical systems theory"> dynamical systems theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electroencephalography%20%28EEG%29" title=" electroencephalography (EEG)"> electroencephalography (EEG)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empathy" title=" empathy"> empathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multifractal%20time%20series%20analysis" title=" multifractal time series analysis"> multifractal time series analysis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mu%20waveform" title=" mu waveform"> mu waveform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neurophysiology" title=" neurophysiology"> neurophysiology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pain%20simulation" title=" pain simulation"> pain simulation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=social%20cognition" title=" social cognition"> social cognition</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53524/dynamic-eeg-desynchronization-in-response-to-vicarious-pain" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53524.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">283</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">73</span> A Discourse on the Rhythmic Pattern Employed in Yoruba Sakara Music of Nigeria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Oludare%20Olupemi%20Ezekiel">Oludare Olupemi Ezekiel</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This research examines the rhythmic structure of Sakara music by tracing its roots and analyzing the various rhythmic patterns of this neo-traditional genre, as well as the contributions of the major exponents and contemporary practitioners, using these as a model for understanding and establishing African rhythms. Biography of the major exponents and contemporary practitioners, interviews and participant observational methods were used to elicit information. Samples of the genre which were chosen at random were transcribed, notated and analyzed for academic use and documentation. The research affirmed that rhythms such as the Hemiola, Cross-rhythm, Clave or Bell rhythm, Percussive, Speech and Melodic rhythm and other relevant rhythmic theories were prevalent and applicable to Sakara music, while making important contributions to musical scholarship through its analysis of the music. The analysis and discussions carried out in the research pointed towards a conclusion that the Yoruba musicians are guided by some preconceptions and sound musical considerations in making their rhythmic patterns, used as compositional techniques and not mere incidental occurrence. These rhythmic patterns, with its consequential socio-cultural connotations, enhance musical values and national identity in Nigeria. The study concludes by recommending that musicologists need to carry out more research into this and other neo-traditional genres in order to advance the globalisation of African music. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=compositional%20techniques" title="compositional techniques">compositional techniques</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=globalisation" title=" globalisation"> globalisation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=identity" title=" identity"> identity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=neo-traditional" title=" neo-traditional"> neo-traditional</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=rhythmic%20theory" title=" rhythmic theory"> rhythmic theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sakara%20music" title=" Sakara music"> Sakara music</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31287/a-discourse-on-the-rhythmic-pattern-employed-in-yoruba-sakara-music-of-nigeria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/31287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">442</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">72</span> Circadian Rhythm of Blood-Sucking Behavior of Female Forcipomyia taiwana</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chang-Liang%20Shih">Chang-Liang Shih</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kuei-Min%20Liao"> Kuei-Min Liao</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ya-Yuan%20Wang"> Ya-Yuan Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wu-Chun%20Tu"> Wu-Chun Tu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Forcipomyia taiwana, an important vexing pest, influences the development of the industry of Taiwan tourism and the quality of country life. Using human-attractant method to investigate the blood-sucking behavior of Forcipomyia taiwana in three districts in Taichung, it revealed that female F. taiwana only exhibits blood-sucking behavior in daytime, not in nighttime. The blooding-sucking behavior of female F. taiwana was affected by some factors, i.e., season and atmospheric factors. During 2008 to 2010, our study revealed that blood-sucking behavior commenced from 7:00 to 8:00 in the spring equinox, the summer solstice and the autumnal equinox, but from 8:00 to 9:00 in the winter solstice. However, regardless of any seasons, it revealed that blood-sucking behavior reached the acme between 13:00 and 15:00, and then descending. In those four seasons, the summer solstice had longer lighting and higher temperature, the average sucking activity was around 12 hours, on the contrary, the winter solstice had shorter lighting and lower temperature, the average sucking activity bridled to around 8 hours whilst it retrenched to 11 hours in the spring equinox and the autumnal equinox. To analyze the correlation between blood-sucking behavior and atmospheric factors, it revealed that female blood-sucking behavior was correlated positively to temperature and lighting but negatively to humidity. In addition, our study also showed that there is no blood-sucking behavior under 18ºC. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Forcipomyia%20taiwana" title="Forcipomyia taiwana">Forcipomyia taiwana</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=circadian%20rhythm" title=" circadian rhythm"> circadian rhythm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=blood-sucking%20behavior" title=" blood-sucking behavior"> blood-sucking behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=season" title=" season"> season</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11741/circadian-rhythm-of-blood-sucking-behavior-of-female-forcipomyia-taiwana" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11741.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> 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