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El presente texto" /> <meta property="article:author" content="https://usbmed.academia.edu/AlfonsoInsuastyRodriguez" /> <meta name="description" content="En el contexto colombiano, el Estado se ha transformado en un instrumento que, en al-gunos casos, incluye la gestión criminal a través de prácticas y dinámicas que han permeado di-versos niveles de la sociedad y las instituciones. El presente texto" /> <title>EL ORDEN INSTITUCIONALIZADO DEL MAL. COLOMBIA</title> <link rel="canonical" href="https://www.academia.edu/126407481/EL_ORDEN_INSTITUCIONALIZADO_DEL_MAL_COLOMBIA" /> <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-5VKX33P2DS"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-5VKX33P2DS', { cookie_domain: 'academia.edu', send_page_view: false, }); gtag('event', 'page_view', { 'controller': "single_work", 'action': "show", 'controller_action': 'single_work#show', 'logged_in': 'false', 'edge': 'unknown', // Send nil if there is no A/B test bucket, in case some records get logged // with missing data - that way we can distinguish between the two cases. // ab_test_bucket should be of the form <ab_test_name>:<bucket> 'ab_test_bucket': null, }) </script> <script> var $controller_name = 'single_work'; var $action_name = "show"; var $rails_env = 'production'; var $app_rev = '682d776b4d72268deea0cda568b78a73afb69ea7'; var $domain = 'academia.edu'; var $app_host = "academia.edu"; var $asset_host = "academia-assets.com"; var $start_time = new Date().getTime(); var $recaptcha_key = "6LdxlRMTAAAAADnu_zyLhLg0YF9uACwz78shpjJB"; var $recaptcha_invisible_key = "6Lf3KHUUAAAAACggoMpmGJdQDtiyrjVlvGJ6BbAj"; var $disableClientRecordHit = false; </script> <script> window.require = { config: function() { return function() {} } } </script> <script> window.Aedu = window.Aedu || {}; window.Aedu.hit_data = null; window.Aedu.serverRenderTime = new Date(1741035993000); window.Aedu.timeDifference = new Date().getTime() - 1741035993000; </script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"ScholarlyArticle","abstract":"En el contexto colombiano, el Estado se ha transformado en un instrumento que, en al-gunos casos, incluye la gestión criminal a través de prácticas y dinámicas que han permeado di-versos niveles de la sociedad y las instituciones. El presente texto hace una breve introducción en perspectiva histórica para ubicar la dimen-sión de la situación. Luego, con base en un cúmulo de documentos oficiales y la línea in-vestigativa adelantada por el grupo Kavilando sobre este tema, se presentan características y rutas de la génesis de este orden institucional del mal, de esta reconfiguración del Estado que incluye el orden criminal como parte de su estructura real. Este fenómeno ha instaurado un modelo de administración pública de cor-te corporativista, que constantemente impide y se opone a la implementación de reformas y ajustes institucionales democráticos necesarios. Estas reformas son cruciales para lograr equi-dad, justicia, ética en lo público, participación real, verdad y no repetición de violencias pasa-das, que son condiciones fundamentales para avanzar hacia una paz participativa, transfor-madora, sostenible y durader","author":[{"@context":"https://schema.org","@type":"Person","name":"Alfonso Insuasty Rodriguez","url":"https://usbmed.academia.edu/AlfonsoInsuastyRodriguez","image":"https://0.academia-photos.com/54642385/14409415/20602653/s200_alfonso.insuasty_rodriguez.jpg","sameAs":["https://facebook.com/Alfonso"]}],"contributor":[],"dateCreated":"2024-12-17","datePublished":"2025-01-01","headline":"EL ORDEN INSTITUCIONALIZADO DEL MAL. 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El presente texto hace una breve introducción en perspectiva histórica para ubicar la dimen-sión de la situación. Luego, con base en un cúmulo de documentos oficiales y la línea in-vestigativa adelantada por el grupo Kavilando sobre este tema, se presentan características y rutas de la génesis de este orden institucional del mal, de esta reconfiguración del Estado que incluye el orden criminal como parte de su estructura real. Este fenómeno ha instaurado un modelo de administración pública de cor-te corporativista, que constantemente impide y se opone a la implementación de reformas y ajustes institucionales democráticos necesarios. Estas reformas son cruciales para lograr equi-dad, justicia, ética en lo público, participación real, verdad y no repetición de violencias pasa-das, que son condiciones fundamentales para avanzar hacia una paz participativa, transfor-madora, sostenible y durader","grobid_abstract":"Docente-investigador universitario. 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COLOMBIA”" class="ds-work-cover--cover-thumbnail" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/attachment_thumbnails/120288581/mini_magick20241218-1-yr1o4z.png?1734498715" /><img alt="PDF Icon" class="ds-work-cover--file-icon" src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/single_work_splash/adobe_icon.svg" /><div class="ds-work-cover--hover-container"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span><p>Download Free PDF</p></div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-container">Download Free PDF</div><div class="ds-work-cover--ribbon-triangle"></div></button></div></div></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-information"><h1 class="ds-work-card--work-title">EL ORDEN INSTITUCIONALIZADO DEL MAL. COLOMBIA</h1><div class="ds-work-card--work-authors ds-work-card--detail"><a class="ds-work-card--author js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="54642385" href="https://usbmed.academia.edu/AlfonsoInsuastyRodriguez"><img alt="Profile image of Alfonso Insuasty Rodriguez" class="ds-work-card--author-avatar" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/54642385/14409415/20602653/s65_alfonso.insuasty_rodriguez.jpg" />Alfonso Insuasty Rodriguez</a></div><div class="ds-work-card--detail"><p class="ds-work-card--detail ds2-5-body-sm">2025, OPERA</p><a class="js-loswp-work-card-doi-link ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" href="https://doi.org/10.18601/16578651.n36.06." rel="nofollow">https://doi.org/10.18601/16578651.n36.06.</a><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata"><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">visibility</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm" id="work-metadata-view-count">…</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">description</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">20 pages</p></div><div class="ds-work-card--work-metadata__stat"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">link</span><p class="ds2-5-body-sm">1 file</p></div></div><script>(async () => { const workId = 126407481; 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El presente texto hace una breve introducción en perspectiva histórica para ubicar la dimen-sión de la situación. Luego, con base en un cúmulo de documentos oficiales y la línea in-vestigativa adelantada por el grupo Kavilando sobre este tema, se presentan características y rutas de la génesis de este orden institucional del mal, de esta reconfiguración del Estado que incluye el orden criminal como parte de su estructura real. Este fenómeno ha instaurado un modelo de administración pública de cor-te corporativista, que constantemente impide y se opone a la implementación de reformas y ajustes institucionales democráticos necesarios. Estas reformas son cruciales para lograr equi-dad, justicia, ética en lo público, participación real, verdad y no repetición de violencias pasa-das, que son condiciones fundamentales para avanzar hacia una paz participativa, transfor-madora, sostenible y durader</p></div></div><div class="ds-top-related-works--grid-container"><div class="ds-related-content--container ds-top-related-works--container"><h2 class="ds-related-content--heading">Related papers</h2><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="0" data-entity-id="72621572" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/72621572/LA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL_COLOMBIANA_COMO_JURISDICCI%C3%93N_DE_LA_INTERDISCIPLINARIEDAD">LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL COLOMBIANA COMO JURISDICCIÓN DE LA INTERDISCIPLINARIEDAD</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="215494826" href="https://cecar.academia.edu/EditorialCECAR">Editorial CECAR</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Apuntes del Derecho Público: Una mirada a la Administración de Justicia en Colombia, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">La presente investigación efectúa un análisis riguroso de la naturaleza de la Corte Constitucional de Colombia, la cual, en su praxis, trasciende lo idealizado por las diferentes doctrinas constitucionales en el tiempo, de modo que su estudio no resulta unidimensional, sino complejo pues su actividad, desde un principio, ha desafiado sus clásicas funciones confiadas como guarda de la Constitución y de la doctrina de los derechos fundamentales. 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Se ha establecido como una metodología judicial para discernir si una reforma constitucional puede ser inconstitucional. Este estudio hace una aproximación al concepto de la sustitución de la constitución en Colombia, instaurado a través de la jurisprudencia de la Corte Constitucional, con el fin de determinar sus principales fundamentos y requisitos de aplicación. Esta investigación se divide en dos partes: i) La identificación de las principales razones utilizadas por el Tribunal constitucional para fundar esta doctrina, especialmente el concepto de defensa de la supremacía constitucional y el poder constituyente; ii) evidenciar la evolución de la doctrina desde su surgimiento en el 2003 hasta el 2019; finalmente, se presentarán las conclusiones relacionadas con la posibilidad que la sustitución se convierta en una extralimitación judicial. Esta investigación utilizó el método bibliográfico o documental con enfoque hermenéutico y analítico, específicamente para la identificación y estudio de la jurisprudencia constitucional.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"LA DOCTRINA DE LA SUSTITUCIÓN CONSTITUCIONAL EN COLOMBIA","attachmentId":79498263,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69377485/LA_DOCTRINA_DE_LA_SUSTITUCI%C3%93N_CONSTITUCIONAL_EN_COLOMBIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69377485/LA_DOCTRINA_DE_LA_SUSTITUCI%C3%93N_CONSTITUCIONAL_EN_COLOMBIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="4" data-entity-id="69377196" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/69377196/ESTADO_DE_COSAS_INCONSTITUCIONAL_EN_COLOMBIA_UNA_APROXIMACI%C3%93N_JUR%C3%8DDICA_A_UN_ELEMENTO_DECISIONAL">ESTADO DE COSAS INCONSTITUCIONAL EN COLOMBIA: UNA APROXIMACIÓN JURÍDICA A UN ELEMENTO DECISIONAL</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="11995125" href="https://ucaldas.academia.edu/MiltonJimenez">Milton C Jiménez Ramírez</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--metadata ds2-5-body-xs">Novos estudos Juridicos, 2020</p><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">Este escrito tiene por objeto presentar una aproximación a los principales componentes jurisprudenciales que definen y hacen aplicable el instrumento judicial del ECI. Al efecto, el tema se desarrollará en cuatro partes. Una primera parte, en la que se hará una aproximación al concepto jurídico o elementos definitorios del ECI; una segunda, en la que expondrán los elementos necesarios para que pueda procederse a su declaración judicial; en la tercera parte se harán algunas consideraciones respecto del caso hito del desplazamiento forzado interno; y en la cuarta se hará un análisis acerca del instrumento de evaluación de la superación del ECI. Finalmente, se presentarán varias conclusiones sobre el tema examinado</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ESTADO DE COSAS INCONSTITUCIONAL EN COLOMBIA: UNA APROXIMACIÓN JURÍDICA A UN ELEMENTO DECISIONAL","attachmentId":79498087,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/69377196/ESTADO_DE_COSAS_INCONSTITUCIONAL_EN_COLOMBIA_UNA_APROXIMACI%C3%93N_JUR%C3%8DDICA_A_UN_ELEMENTO_DECISIONAL","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/69377196/ESTADO_DE_COSAS_INCONSTITUCIONAL_EN_COLOMBIA_UNA_APROXIMACI%C3%93N_JUR%C3%8DDICA_A_UN_ELEMENTO_DECISIONAL"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="5" data-entity-id="25641612" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/25641612/ESTRUCTURA_DEL_ESTADO_COLOMBIANO">ESTRUCTURA DEL ESTADO COLOMBIANO</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="49297092" href="https://urosario.academia.edu/NathaliaP%C3%A9rez">Nathalia Pérez</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"ESTRUCTURA DEL ESTADO COLOMBIANO","attachmentId":45978655,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/25641612/ESTRUCTURA_DEL_ESTADO_COLOMBIANO","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/25641612/ESTRUCTURA_DEL_ESTADO_COLOMBIANO"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="6" data-entity-id="16052086" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/16052086/LINEA_JURISPRUDENCIAL_DEL_ABORTO_EN_COLOMBIA">LINEA JURISPRUDENCIAL DEL ABORTO EN COLOMBIA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="35185443" href="https://unisinucartagena.academia.edu/AlonsoCortina">Alonso Cortina</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">existido otra serie de sentencias que conviene analizar, para identificar una adecuada tendencia jurisprudencial en materia de aborto.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"LINEA JURISPRUDENCIAL DEL ABORTO EN COLOMBIA","attachmentId":38858417,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/16052086/LINEA_JURISPRUDENCIAL_DEL_ABORTO_EN_COLOMBIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/16052086/LINEA_JURISPRUDENCIAL_DEL_ABORTO_EN_COLOMBIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="7" data-entity-id="29128667" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/29128667/CONSTITUCION_DE_COLOMBIA">CONSTITUCION DE COLOMBIA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="54966073" href="https://independent.academia.edu/CesarCamiloLoaizaOrtega">Cesar Camilo Loaiza Ortega</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"CONSTITUCION DE COLOMBIA","attachmentId":49574645,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/29128667/CONSTITUCION_DE_COLOMBIA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/29128667/CONSTITUCION_DE_COLOMBIA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="8" data-entity-id="30984611" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/30984611/REP%C3%9ABLICA_DE_COLOMBIA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL">REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="59031730" href="https://independent.academia.edu/AdrianAlfredoLopezPacheco">Adrian Alfredo Lopez Pacheco</a></div><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"REPÚBLICA DE COLOMBIA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL","attachmentId":51416541,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/30984611/REP%C3%9ABLICA_DE_COLOMBIA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/30984611/REP%C3%9ABLICA_DE_COLOMBIA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div><div class="ds-related-work--container js-wsj-grid-card" data-collection-position="9" data-entity-id="4722354" data-sort-order="default"><a class="ds-related-work--title js-wsj-grid-card-title ds2-5-body-md ds2-5-body-link" href="https://www.academia.edu/4722354/EL_BLOQUE_DE_CONSTITUCIONALIDAD_EN_LA_JURISPRUDENCIA_DE_LA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL_COLOMBIANA">EL BLOQUE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDAD EN LA JURISPRUDENCIA DE LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL COLOMBIANA</a><div class="ds-related-work--metadata"><a class="js-wsj-grid-card-author ds2-5-body-sm ds2-5-body-link" data-author-id="6035934" href="https://independent.academia.edu/HelmuthMaldonado">Helmuth Maldonado</a></div><p class="ds-related-work--abstract ds2-5-body-sm">The article presents an investigation about the "constitutionality block" in the jurisprudence of the Colombian Constitutional Court: what is the "constitutionality block", which is its current state, how has it evolved. Considerations are added about the binding character of the jurisprudence of international institutions and of the recommendations of the Monitoring Bodies of the international treaties of human rights.</p><div class="ds-related-work--ctas"><button class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"wsj-grid-card-download-pdf-modal","work_title":"EL BLOQUE DE CONSTITUCIONALIDAD EN LA JURISPRUDENCIA DE LA CORTE CONSTITUCIONAL COLOMBIANA","attachmentId":32044593,"attachmentType":"pdf","work_url":"https://www.academia.edu/4722354/EL_BLOQUE_DE_CONSTITUCIONALIDAD_EN_LA_JURISPRUDENCIA_DE_LA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL_COLOMBIANA","alternativeTracking":true}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">download</span><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">Download free PDF</span></button><a class="ds2-5-text-link ds2-5-text-link--inline js-wsj-grid-card-view-pdf" href="https://www.academia.edu/4722354/EL_BLOQUE_DE_CONSTITUCIONALIDAD_EN_LA_JURISPRUDENCIA_DE_LA_CORTE_CONSTITUCIONAL_COLOMBIANA"><span class="ds2-5-text-link__content">View PDF</span><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 18px" translate="no">chevron_right</span></a></div></div></div></div><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--wrapper js-loswp-sticky-ctas hidden"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--grid-container"><div class="ds-sticky-ctas--container"><button class="ds2-5-button js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"continue-reading-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":120288581,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}">See full PDF</button><button class="ds2-5-button ds2-5-button--secondary js-swp-download-button" data-signup-modal="{"location":"download-pdf-button--sticky-ctas","attachmentId":120288581,"attachmentType":"pdf","workUrl":null}"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">download</span>Download PDF</button></div></div></div><div class="ds-below-fold--grid-container"><div class="ds-work--container js-loswp-embedded-document"><div class="attachment_preview" data-attachment="Attachment_120288581" style="display: none"><div class="js-scribd-document-container"><div class="scribd--document-loading js-scribd-document-loader" style="display: block;"><img alt="Loading..." src="//a.academia-assets.com/images/loaders/paper-load.gif" /><p>Loading Preview</p></div></div><div style="text-align: center;"><div class="scribd--no-preview-alert js-preview-unavailable"><p>Sorry, preview is currently unavailable. 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