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Proverbs 1:4 To impart prudence to the simple and knowledge and discretion to the young,
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class="vheadingv"><b>Verse</b><a href="/bsb/proverbs/1.htm" class="clickchap" style="color:#001320" title="Click any translation name for full chapter"> (Click for Chapter)</a></div><div id="par"><span class="versiontext"><a href="/niv/proverbs/1.htm">New International Version</a></span><br />for giving prudence to those who are simple, knowledge and discretion to the young—<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nlt/proverbs/1.htm">New Living Translation</a></span><br />These proverbs will give insight to the simple, knowledge and discernment to the young.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/esv/proverbs/1.htm">English Standard Version</a></span><br />to give prudence to the simple, knowledge and discretion to the youth—<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/bsb/proverbs/1.htm">Berean Standard Bible</a></span><br />To impart prudence to the simple and knowledge and discretion to the young,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/kjv/proverbs/1.htm">King James Bible</a></span><br />To give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nkjv/proverbs/1.htm">New King James Version</a></span><br />To give prudence to the simple, To the young man knowledge and discretion—<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb_/proverbs/1.htm">New American Standard Bible</a></span><br />To give prudence to the naive, To the youth knowledge and discretion,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb/proverbs/1.htm">NASB 1995</a></span><br />To give prudence to the naive, To the youth knowledge and discretion,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nasb77/proverbs/1.htm">NASB 1977 </a></span><br />To give prudence to the naive, To the youth knowledge and discretion,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsb/proverbs/1.htm">Legacy Standard Bible </a></span><br />To give prudence to the simple, To the youth knowledge and discretion;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/amp/proverbs/1.htm">Amplified Bible</a></span><br />That prudence (good judgment, astute common sense) may be given to the naive <i>or</i> inexperienced [who are easily misled], And knowledge and discretion (intelligent discernment) to the youth,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/csb/proverbs/1.htm">Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />for teaching shrewdness to the inexperienced, knowledge and discretion to a young man —<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hcsb/proverbs/1.htm">Holman Christian Standard Bible</a></span><br />for teaching shrewdness to the inexperienced, knowledge and discretion to a young man— <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/asv/proverbs/1.htm">American Standard Version</a></span><br />To give prudence to the simple, To the young man knowledge and discretion:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cev/proverbs/1.htm">Contemporary English Version</a></span><br />From these, an ordinary person can learn to be smart, and young people can gain knowledge and good sense. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/erv/proverbs/1.htm">English Revised Version</a></span><br />To give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion:<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gwt/proverbs/1.htm">GOD'S WORD® Translation</a></span><br />to give insight to gullible people, to give knowledge and foresight to the young-<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/gnt/proverbs/1.htm">Good News Translation</a></span><br />They can make an inexperienced person clever and teach young people how to be resourceful. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/isv/proverbs/1.htm">International Standard Version</a></span><br />for giving prudence to the na锟絭e, and knowledge and discretion to the young.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/msb/proverbs/1.htm">Majority Standard Bible</a></span><br />To impart prudence to the simple and knowledge and discretion to the young,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/net/proverbs/1.htm">NET Bible</a></span><br />To impart shrewdness to the morally naive, and a discerning plan to the young person. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nheb/proverbs/1.htm">New Heart English Bible</a></span><br />To give shrewdness to the inexperienced, knowledge and discretion to the young man.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/wbt/proverbs/1.htm">Webster's Bible Translation</a></span><br />To give subtilty to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/web/proverbs/1.htm">World English Bible</a></span><br />to give prudence to the simple, knowledge and discretion to the young man— <div class="vheading2"><b>Literal Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lsv/proverbs/1.htm">Literal Standard Version</a></span><br />For giving to simple ones—prudence, "" To a youth—knowledge and discretion.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/ylt/proverbs/1.htm">Young's Literal Translation</a></span><br /> For giving to simple ones -- prudence, To a youth -- knowledge and discretion.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/slt/proverbs/1.htm">Smith's Literal Translation</a></span><br />To give craftiness to the simple, and to the youth, knowledge and meditation.<div class="vheading2"><b>Catholic Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/drb/proverbs/1.htm">Douay-Rheims Bible</a></span><br />To give subtilty to little ones, to the young man knowledge and understanding. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/cpdv/proverbs/1.htm">Catholic Public Domain Version</a></span><br />so as to give discernment to little ones, knowledge and understanding to adolescents.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nabre/proverbs/1.htm">New American Bible</a></span><br />That resourcefulness may be imparted to the naive, knowledge and discretion to the young. <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/nrsvce/proverbs/1.htm">New Revised Standard Version</a></span><br />to teach shrewdness to the simple, knowledge and prudence to the young—<div class="vheading2"><b>Translations from Aramaic</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/lamsa/proverbs/1.htm">Lamsa Bible</a></span><br />To give subtlety to the simple, to the young men knowledge and discretion.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/hpbt/proverbs/1.htm">Peshitta Holy Bible Translated</a></span><br />To give children cunning and to boys knowledge and intelligence.<div class="vheading2"><b>OT Translations</b></div><span class="versiontext"><a href="/jps/proverbs/1.htm">JPS Tanakh 1917</a></span><br />To give prudence to the simple, To the young man knowledge and discretion;<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/sep/proverbs/1.htm">Brenton Septuagint Translation</a></span><br />that he might give subtlety to the simple, and to the young man discernment and understanding.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/parallel/proverbs/1-4.htm">Additional Translations ...</a></span></div></div></div><div id="centbox"><div class="padcent"><a name="audio" id="audio"></a><div class="vheadingv"><b>Audio Bible</b></div><iframe width="100%" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/kpUA5ZltBeQ?start=17" title="YouTube video player" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" allowfullscreen></iframe><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><div class="vheadingv"><b>Context</b></div><span class="hdg"><a href="/bsb/proverbs/1.htm">The Beginning of Knowledge</a></span><br>…<span class="reftext">3</span>and for receiving instruction in wise living and in righteousness, justice, and equity. <span class="reftext">4</span><span class="highl"><a href="/hebrew/5414.htm" title="5414: lā·ṯêṯ (Prep-l:: V-Qal-Inf) -- To give, put, set. A primitive root; to give, used with greatest latitude of application.">To impart</a> <a href="/hebrew/6195.htm" title="6195: ‘ā·rə·māh (N-fs) -- Craftiness, prudence. Feminine of orem; trickery; or discretion.">prudence</a> <a href="/hebrew/6612.htm" title="6612: lip̄·ṯā·yim (Prep-l:: N-mp) -- Simple, perhaps open-minded. Or pethiy; or pthaeiy; from pathah; silly.">to the simple</a> <a href="/hebrew/1847.htm" title="1847: da·‘aṯ (N-fs) -- Knowledge. From yada'; knowledge.">and knowledge</a> <a href="/hebrew/4209.htm" title="4209: ū·mə·zim·māh (Conj-w:: N-fs) -- Purpose, discretion, device. From zamam; a plan, usually evil, sometimes good.">and discretion</a> <a href="/hebrew/5288.htm" title="5288: lə·na·‘ar (Prep-l:: N-ms) -- A boy, lad, youth, retainer. From na'ar; a boy, from the age of infancy to adolescence; by implication, a servant; also, a girl.">to the young,</a> </span><span class="reftext">5</span>let the wise listen and gain instruction, and the discerning acquire wise counsel…<div class="cred"><a href="//berean.bible">Berean Standard Bible</a> · <a href="//berean.bible/downloads.htm">Download</a></div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="crossref" id="crossref"></a><div class="vheading">Cross References</div><div id="crf"><span class="crossverse"><a href="/james/1-5.htm">James 1:5</a></span><br />Now if any of you lacks wisdom, he should ask God, who gives generously to all without finding fault, and it will be given to him.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/19-7.htm">Psalm 19:7</a></span><br />The Law of the LORD is perfect, reviving the soul; the testimony of the LORD is trustworthy, making wise the simple.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/2_timothy/3-15.htm">2 Timothy 3:15</a></span><br />From infancy you have known the Holy Scriptures, which are able to make you wise for salvation through faith in Christ Jesus.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ecclesiastes/7-12.htm">Ecclesiastes 7:12</a></span><br />For wisdom, like money, is a shelter, and the advantage of knowledge is that wisdom preserves the life of its owner.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/colossians/1-9.htm">Colossians 1:9</a></span><br />For this reason, since the day we heard about you, we have not stopped praying for you and asking God to fill you with the knowledge of His will in all spiritual wisdom and understanding,<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/119-130.htm">Psalm 119:130</a></span><br />The unfolding of Your words gives light; it informs the simple.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/ephesians/5-15.htm">Ephesians 5:15-17</a></span><br />Pay careful attention, then, to how you walk, not as unwise but as wise, / redeeming the time, because the days are evil. / Therefore do not be foolish, but understand what the Lord’s will is.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/1-24.htm">1 Corinthians 1:24</a></span><br />but to those who are called, both Jews and Greeks, Christ the power of God and the wisdom of God.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/psalms/119-98.htm">Psalm 119:98-100</a></span><br />Your commandments make me wiser than my enemies, for they are always with me. / I have more insight than all my teachers, for Your testimonies are my meditation. / I discern more than the elders, for I obey Your precepts.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/1_corinthians/2-6.htm">1 Corinthians 2:6-7</a></span><br />Among the mature, however, we speak a message of wisdom—but not the wisdom of this age or of the rulers of this age, who are coming to nothing. / No, we speak of the mysterious and hidden wisdom of God, which He destined for our glory before time began.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/daniel/1-17.htm">Daniel 1:17</a></span><br />To these four young men God gave knowledge and understanding in every kind of literature and wisdom. And Daniel had insight into all kinds of visions and dreams.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/luke/21-15.htm">Luke 21:15</a></span><br />For I will give you speech and wisdom that none of your adversaries will be able to resist or contradict.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/isaiah/11-2.htm">Isaiah 11:2</a></span><br />The Spirit of the LORD will rest on Him—the Spirit of wisdom and understanding, the Spirit of counsel and strength, the Spirit of knowledge and fear of the LORD.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/matthew/10-16.htm">Matthew 10:16</a></span><br />Behold, I am sending you out like sheep among wolves; therefore be as shrewd as snakes and as innocent as doves.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="crossverse"><a href="/job/32-8.htm">Job 32:8</a></span><br />But there is a spirit in a man, the breath of the Almighty, that gives him understanding.</div><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a name="tsk" id="tsk"><div class="vheading">Treasury of Scripture</div><p class="tsk2">To give subtlety to the simple, to the young man knowledge and discretion.</p><p class="hdg">subtilty</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/proverbs/1-22.htm">Proverbs 1:22,23</a></b></br> How long, ye simple ones, will ye love simplicity? and the scorners delight in their scorning, and fools hate knowledge? … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/proverbs/8-5.htm">Proverbs 8:5</a></b></br> O ye simple, understand wisdom: and, ye fools, be ye of an understanding heart.</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/proverbs/9-4.htm">Proverbs 9:4-6</a></b></br> Whoso <i>is</i> simple, let him turn in hither: <i>as for</i> him that wanteth understanding, she saith to him, … </p><p class="hdg">to the</p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/proverbs/7-7.htm">Proverbs 7:7-24</a></b></br> And beheld among the simple ones, I discerned among the youths, a young man void of understanding, … </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/proverbs/8-17.htm">Proverbs 8:17,32</a></b></br> I love them that love me; and those that seek me early shall find me… </p><p class="tskverse"><b><a href="/psalms/34-11.htm">Psalm 34:11</a></b></br> Come, ye children, hearken unto me: I will teach you the fear of the LORD.</p><p class="hdg">discretion </p><div class="vheading">Jump to Previous</div><a href="/psalms/112-5.htm">Discretion</a> <a href="/ezekiel/45-20.htm">Naive</a> <a href="/psalms/149-9.htm">Ones</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/2-12.htm">Prudence</a> <a href="/psalms/138-8.htm">Purpose</a> <a href="/2_chronicles/31-21.htm">Serious</a> <a href="/psalms/140-3.htm">Sharp</a> <a href="/psalms/119-130.htm">Simple</a> <a href="/romans/16-19.htm">Simple-Minded</a> <a href="/job/5-13.htm">Subtilty</a> <a href="/psalms/148-12.htm">Young</a> <a href="/psalms/144-12.htm">Youth</a><div class="vheading2">Jump to Next</div><a href="/proverbs/2-11.htm">Discretion</a> <a href="/proverbs/1-22.htm">Naive</a> <a href="/proverbs/1-22.htm">Ones</a> <a href="/proverbs/8-5.htm">Prudence</a> <a href="/proverbs/1-17.htm">Purpose</a> <a href="/jeremiah/6-14.htm">Serious</a> <a href="/proverbs/1-23.htm">Sharp</a> <a href="/proverbs/1-22.htm">Simple</a> <a href="/proverbs/1-22.htm">Simple-Minded</a> <a href="/matthew/26-4.htm">Subtilty</a> <a href="/proverbs/7-7.htm">Young</a> <a href="/proverbs/2-17.htm">Youth</a><div class="vheading2">Proverbs 1</div><span class="reftext">1. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/proverbs/1-1.htm">The use of the proverbs</a></span><br><span class="reftext">7. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/proverbs/1-7.htm">An exhortation to fear God, and believe his word</a></span><br><span class="reftext">10. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/proverbs/1-10.htm">to avoid the enticing of sinners</a></span><br><span class="reftext">20. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/proverbs/1-20.htm">Wisdom complains of her contempt</a></span><br><span class="reftext">24. </span><span class="outlinetext"><a href="/proverbs/1-24.htm">She threatens her contemners</a></span><br></div></div><div id="mdd"><div align="center"><div class="bot2"><table align="center" width="100%"><tr><td><div align="center"> <script id="3d27ed63fc4348d5b062c4527ae09445"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=51ce25d5-1a8c-424a-8695-4bd48c750f35&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script> <script id="b817b7107f1d4a7997da1b3c33457e03"> (new Image()).src = 'https://capi.connatix.com/tr/si?token=cb0edd8b-b416-47eb-8c6d-3cc96561f7e8&cid=3a9f82d0-4344-4f8d-ac0c-e1a0eb43a405'; </script><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-2'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-300x250-ATF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-0' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-BTF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-3'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-300x250-BTF --> <div id='div-gpt-ad-1529103594582-1' style='max-width: 300px;'> </div><br /><br /> <!-- /1078254/BH-728x90-BTF2 --> <div align="center" id='div-gpt-ad-1531425649696-0'> </div><br /><br /> <ins class="adsbygoogle" style="display:inline-block;width:200px;height:200px" data-ad-client="ca-pub-3753401421161123" data-ad-slot="3592799687"></ins> <script> (adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({}); </script> <br /><br /> </div> </td></tr></table></div></div></div><div id="combox"><div class="padcom"><a name="study" id="study"></a><div class="vheading"><table width="100%"><tr><td width="99%" valign="top"><a href="/study/proverbs/1.htm">Study Bible</a></td><td width="1%" valign="top"><a href="/study/proverbs/" title="Book Summary and Study">Book ◦</a> <a href="/study/chapters/proverbs/1.htm" title="Chapter summary and Study">Chapter </a></tr></table></div><b>To impart prudence to the simple</b><br>The term "prudence" in this context refers to the ability to govern and discipline oneself through the use of reason. In biblical times, prudence was highly valued as a virtue that enabled individuals to navigate life's complexities wisely. The "simple" are those who are naive or inexperienced, often lacking in judgment or understanding. This phrase suggests that the teachings of Proverbs are designed to provide guidance and insight to those who are unlearned or easily led astray. The concept of imparting wisdom to the simple is echoed in other scriptures, such as <a href="/psalms/19-7.htm">Psalm 19:7</a>, which states that the law of the Lord makes wise the simple. This reflects a broader biblical theme of God’s desire to elevate the understanding of all people, regardless of their starting point.<p><b>and knowledge and discretion to the young</b><br>"Knowledge" here refers to an understanding of truth and the ability to discern right from wrong. "Discretion" involves the capacity to make sound judgments and decisions. The focus on "the young" highlights the importance of instilling these virtues early in life, as youth is a formative period where foundational beliefs and habits are established. In ancient Israel, education and moral instruction were primarily the responsibility of the family, with parents teaching their children the ways of the Lord (<a href="/deuteronomy/6-6.htm">Deuteronomy 6:6-7</a>). This aligns with the broader biblical principle that wisdom and understanding are to be sought after and cherished (<a href="/proverbs/4-7.htm">Proverbs 4:7</a>). The emphasis on teaching the young also points to the future, as the next generation is prepared to lead and uphold the values of their community. This passage underscores the timeless importance of equipping young people with the tools they need to live righteously and effectively in a complex world.<div class="vheading2">Persons / Places / Events</div>1. <b><a href="/topical/s/solomon.htm">Solomon</a></b><br>Traditionally considered the author of Proverbs, Solomon was the son of King David and known for his wisdom. He wrote Proverbs to impart wisdom and understanding.<br><br>2. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_simple.htm">The Simple</a></b><br>Refers to those who are naive or inexperienced, lacking in judgment or understanding. In Hebrew, the word "simple" (pethi) suggests openness to learning but also vulnerability to folly.<br><br>3. <b><a href="/topical/t/the_young.htm">The Young</a></b><br>This group includes youth or those who are immature in their understanding. The Hebrew word "young" (na'ar) can refer to a child or a young man, emphasizing the need for guidance and growth in wisdom.<div class="vheading2">Teaching Points</div><b><a href="/topical/t/the_importance_of_prudence.htm">The Importance of Prudence</a></b><br>Prudence involves careful and sensible decision-making. It is essential for navigating life's complexities and avoiding pitfalls.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/v/value_of_knowledge_and_discretion.htm">Value of Knowledge and Discretion</a></b><br>Knowledge is more than information; it is understanding that leads to wise actions. Discretion involves the ability to make sound judgments and maintain self-control.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/g/guidance_for_the_young.htm">Guidance for the Young</a></b><br>Young people are encouraged to seek wisdom and understanding early in life. This foundation will guide them through challenges and opportunities.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/o/openness_to_learning.htm">Openness to Learning</a></b><br>Both the simple and the young are called to be open to instruction. A teachable spirit is crucial for growth in wisdom.<br><br><b><a href="/topical/r/role_of_mentorship.htm">Role of Mentorship</a></b><br>Mature believers are encouraged to mentor the young and the simple, sharing their experiences and insights to help others grow in wisdom.<div class="vheading2">Lists and Questions</div><a href="/top10/lessons_from_proverbs_1.htm">Top 10 Lessons from Proverbs 1</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/are_secrets_biblical.htm">Is keeping secrets aligned with biblical teachings?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/does_proverbs_4_1_ignore_bad_guidance.htm">Does the call to heed a father's instruction in Proverbs 4:1 ignore the possibility of flawed or harmful parental guidance?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/why_does_god_hate_if_'god_is_love'.htm">Why does Proverbs 6:16-19 say God hates certain behaviors if 'God is love' elsewhere (e.g., 1 John 4:8)?</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/q/how_does_psalm_1's_justice_align_with_job.htm">How can Psalm 1's vision of immediate justice be reconciled with biblical accounts like Job, where the righteous suffer while the wicked seem to prosper?</a><a name="commentary" id="commentary"></a><div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/ellicott/proverbs/1.htm">Ellicott's Commentary for English Readers</a></div>(4) <span class= "bld">Subtilty </span>('<span class= "ital">Ormah</span>)<span class= "ital">.</span>--Used in a bad sense (<a href="/exodus/21-14.htm" title="But if a man come presumptuously on his neighbor, to slay him with guile; you shall take him from my altar, that he may die.">Exodus 21:14</a>) for "guile." For the meaning here, comp. <a href="/matthew/10-16.htm" title="Behold, I send you forth as sheep in the middle of wolves: be you therefore wise as serpents, and harmless as doves.">Matthew 10:16</a> : "Be ye wise as serpents;" comp. also the reproof of <a href="/luke/16-8.htm" title="And the lord commended the unjust steward, because he had done wisely: for the children of this world are in their generation wiser than the children of light.">Luke 16:8</a>, that "the children of this world are in their generation wiser than the children of light;" and St. Paul's advice to "redeem the time "(<a href="/ephesians/5-16.htm" title="Redeeming the time, because the days are evil.">Ephesians 5:16</a>), <span class= "ital">i.e., </span>seize opportunities for good.<p><span class= "bld">Simple.</span>--Literally, <span class= "ital">those who are open </span>to good impressions and influences, but who also can be easily led astray. (Comp. <a href="/proverbs/8-5.htm" title="O you simple, understand wisdom: and, you fools, be you of an understanding heart.">Proverbs 8:5</a>; <a href="/proverbs/14-15.htm" title="The simple believes every word: but the prudent man looks well to his going.">Proverbs 14:15</a>.) . . . <div class="vheading2"><a href="/commentaries/pulpit/proverbs/1.htm">Pulpit Commentary</a></div><span class="cmt_sub_title">Verse 4.</span> - <span class="cmt_word">To give subtilty to the simple.</span> In this verse and the following we are introduced to the classes of persons to whom the proverbs will be beneficial The <span class="hebrew">ל</span> with the infinitive, <span class="hebrew">לָתֵת</span> (<span class="accented">latheth</span>) shows that in construction this proposition is so ordinate with those in vers. 2 and 3, and not dependent as represented by <span class="greek">ἵνα δῷ</span> (LXX.)and iut <span class="accented">detur</span> (Vulgate). <span class="accented">Subtilty</span>; Hebrew, <span class="hebrew">עַרְמָה</span> (<span class="accented">ar'mah</span>), from the root <span class="hebrew">עָרַם</span>, (<span class="accented">aram</span>), "to be crafty or wily," properly means "nakedness" or "smoothness;" hence in a metaphorical sense it expresses "the capacity for escaping from the wiles of others" (Umbreit). We have this idea expressed as follows in <a href="/proverbs/22-3.htm">Proverbs 22:3</a>, "The prudent man (<span class="hebrew">עָרוּם</span>, <span class="accented">arum</span>) foreseeth the evil, and hideth himself." In the Arabic Version it is rendered by <span class="accented">calliditas</span>, "shrewdness," in a good sense. The Hebrew <span class="accented">ar'mah</span>, like the Latin <span class="accented">calliditas</span>, also means "craftiness," as appears in the use of the cognate adjective <span class="accented">arum</span> in <a href="/genesis/3-1.htm">Genesis 3:1</a>, where we read, "The serpent was more subtle," etc. For "subtilty" the LXX. has <span class="greek">πσνουργία</span>, a Greek word which appears to be employed altogether in a bad sense, as "trickery," "villainy," "knavery;" but that scarcely appears to be the meaning of the Hebrew here, since the aim of the Proverbs is ethical and beneficial in the highest degree. The Vulgate <span class="accented">astutia</span>, the quality of the <span class="accented">astutus</span>, beside the bad sense of craftiness, also boars the good sense of <span class="accented">shrewdness</span>, sagacity, and so better represents the Hebrew. "Subtilty may turn to evil, but it also takes its place among the highest moral gifts" (Plumptre). <span class="accented">The simple</span>; Hebrew, <span class="hebrew">פְתָאִים</span> (<span class="accented">ph'thaim</span>), plural of <span class="hebrew">פְתִּי</span> (<span class="accented">p'ti</span>) from the root <span class="hebrew">פָתַח</span> (<span class="accented">pathakh</span>), "to be open," properly means the open-hearted, <span class="accented">i.e.</span> those who are susceptible to external impressions (Zockler), and so easily misled. The word occurs in <a href="/proverbs/7-7.htm">Proverbs 7:7</a>; <a href="/proverbs/8-5.htm">Proverbs 8:5</a>; <a href="/proverbs/9-6.htm">Proverbs 9:6</a>; <a href="/proverbs/14-18.htm">Proverbs 14:18</a>; and Proverbs 27:12. The LXX. properly renders the word <span class="greek">ἄκακοι</span>, "unknowing of evil." The same idea is indirectly expressed in the Vulgate <span class="accented">parvuli</span>, "the very young;" and the term is paraphrased in the Arabic Version, <span class="accented">iis in quibus non est malitia</span> ("those who are without malice"). The Hebrew here means "simple" in the sense of inexperienced. <span class="cmt_word">To the young man knowledge and discretion.</span> The Hebrew <span class="accented">naar</span> (<span class="hebrew">נַעַר</span>) is here used representatively for "youth" (cf. LXX., <span class="greek">παῖς νέος</span>; Vulgate, <span class="accented">adolescens</span>) in general, which stands in need of the qualities here mentioned. It advances in idea beyond "the simple." <span class="accented">Knowledge</span>; Hebrew, <span class="hebrew">דַּעַת</span> (<span class="accented">daath</span>), <span class="accented">i.e.</span> experimental knowledge (Delitzsch); insight (Gesenius); knowledge of good and evil (Plumptre). The LXX. has <span class="greek">αἴσθησις</span>, which clasically means perception by the senses and also by the mind. <span class="accented">Discretion</span>; Hebrew, <span class="hebrew">מְזִמָּה</span> (<span class="accented">m'zimmah</span>), properly "thoughtfulness," and hence "circumspection" or "caution" (Zockler), or "discernment," that which sets a man on his guard and prevents him being duped by others (Plumptre). <span class="greek">Αννοια</span> was probably adopted by the LXX. in its primary sense as representing the act of thinking; <span class="accented">intellectus</span> (Vulgate), equivalent to "a discerning" (see the marginal "<span class="accented">advisement"</span>). <span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="versiontext"><a href="/commentaries/proverbs/1-4.htm">Parallel Commentaries ...</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /><br /></span><a name="lexicon" id="lexicon"></a><div class="vheading">Hebrew</div><span class="word">to impart</span><br /><span class="heb">לָתֵ֣ת</span> <span class="translit">(lā·ṯêṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Verb - Qal - Infinitive construct<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5414.htm">Strong's 5414: </a> </span><span class="str2">To give, put, set</span><br /><br /><span class="word">prudence</span><br /><span class="heb">עָרְמָ֑ה</span> <span class="translit">(‘ā·rə·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6195.htm">Strong's 6195: </a> </span><span class="str2">Trickery, discretion</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to the simple,</span><br /><span class="heb">לִפְתָאיִ֣ם</span> <span class="translit">(lip̄·ṯā·yim)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - masculine plural<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_6612.htm">Strong's 6612: </a> </span><span class="str2">Simple, perhaps open-minded</span><br /><br /><span class="word">knowledge</span><br /><span class="heb">דַּ֣עַת</span> <span class="translit">(da·‘aṯ)</span><br /><span class="parse">Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_1847.htm">Strong's 1847: </a> </span><span class="str2">Knowledge</span><br /><br /><span class="word">and discretion</span><br /><span class="heb">וּמְזִמָּֽה׃</span> <span class="translit">(ū·mə·zim·māh)</span><br /><span class="parse">Conjunctive waw | Noun - feminine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_4209.htm">Strong's 4209: </a> </span><span class="str2">A plan, evil, sometimes good</span><br /><br /><span class="word">to the young—</span><br /><span class="heb">לְ֝נַ֗עַר</span> <span class="translit">(lə·na·‘ar)</span><br /><span class="parse">Preposition-l | Noun - masculine singular<br /></span><span class="str"><a href="/hebrew/strongs_5288.htm">Strong's 5288: </a> </span><span class="str2">A boy, lad, youth, retainer</span><br /><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><div class="vheading">Links</div><a href="/niv/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 NIV</a><br /><a href="/nlt/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 NLT</a><br /><a href="/esv/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 ESV</a><br /><a href="/nasb/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 NASB</a><br /><a href="/kjv/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 KJV</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="//bibleapps.com/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 BibleApps.com</a><br /><a href="//bibliaparalela.com/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 Biblia Paralela</a><br /><a href="//holybible.com.cn/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 Chinese Bible</a><br /><a href="//saintebible.com/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 French Bible</a><br /><a href="/catholic/proverbs/1-4.htm">Proverbs 1:4 Catholic Bible</a><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><a href="/proverbs/1-4.htm">OT Poetry: Proverbs 1:4 To give prudence to the simple knowledge (Prov. Pro Pr) </a></div></div></td></tr></table></div><div id="left"><a href="/proverbs/1-3.htm" onmouseover='lft.src="/leftgif.png"' onmouseout='lft.src="/left.png"' title="Proverbs 1:3"><img src="/left.png" name="lft" border="0" alt="Proverbs 1:3" /></a></div><div id="right"><a href="/proverbs/1-5.htm" onmouseover='rght.src="/rightgif.png"' onmouseout='rght.src="/right.png"' title="Proverbs 1:5"><img src="/right.png" name="rght" border="0" alt="Proverbs 1:5" /></a></div><div id="botleft"><a href="#" onmouseover='botleft.src="/botleftgif.png"' onmouseout='botleft.src="/botleft.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botleft.png" name="botleft" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="botright"><a href="#" onmouseover='botright.src="/botrightgif.png"' onmouseout='botright.src="/botright.png"' title="Top of Page"><img src="/botright.png" name="botright" border="0" alt="Top of Page" /></a></div><div id="bot"><iframe width="100%" height="1500" scrolling="no" src="/botmenubhnew2.htm" frameborder="0"></iframe></div></td></tr></table></div></body></html>