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Available in 28 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-28" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">28 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="جورج مانياكيس – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="جورج مانياكيس" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Георги Маниак – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Георги Маниак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jordi_Maniaces" title="Jordi Maniaces – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Jordi Maniaces" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B5%CF%8E%CF%81%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%AC%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Γεώργιος Μανιάκης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γεώργιος Μανιάκης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Maniaces" title="Jorge Maniaces – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Jorge Maniaces" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georges_Maniak%C3%A8s" title="Georges Maniakès – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Georges Maniakès" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B3%D6%87%D5%B8%D6%80%D5%A3_%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A5%D5%BD" title="Գևորգ Մանիակես – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Գևորգ Մանիակես" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgio_Maniace" title="Giorgio Maniace – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Giorgio Maniace" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%92%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%94" title="გიორგი მანიაკე – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="გიორგი მანიაკე" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgius_Maniaces" title="Georgius Maniaces – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Georgius Maniaces" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%83%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%93%D0%B8_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ѓорѓи Манијак – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Ѓорѓи Манијак" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AC_%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%83%D9%8A%D8%B3" title="جورج مانياكيس – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="جورج مانياكيس" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jorge_Maniaces" title="Jorge Maniaces – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Jorge Maniaces" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/George_Maniaces" title="George Maniaces – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="George Maniaces" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Георгий Маниак – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Георгий Маниак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giorgiu_Maniaci" title="Giorgiu Maniaci – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Giorgiu Maniaci" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ge%C3%B3rgios_Maniakes" title="Geórgios Maniakes – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Geórgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%92%D0%B5_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Ђорђе Манијак – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Ђорђе Манијак" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgi_Manijak" title="Georgi Manijak – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Georgi Manijak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Georgios_Maniakes" title="Georgios Maniakes – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Georgios Maniakes" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%93%D0%B5%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%B9_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Георгій Маніак – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Георгій Маніак" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%8B" title="乔治·马尼亚克 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="乔治·马尼亚克" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a 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dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Byzantine general (c. 998–1043)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard" style="width:25.5em;border-spacing:2px;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%; background-color:#C3D6EF;color:inherit;"><div style="display:inline-block" class="fn">George Maniakes</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;; line-height: 1.5em"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgios_Maniakes2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Georgios_Maniakes2.jpg/220px-Georgios_Maniakes2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="386" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/5/52/Georgios_Maniakes2.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="247" data-file-height="433" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption" style="font-size: 100%">Maniakes as depicted in the <i><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Skylitzes" title="Madrid Skylitzes">Madrid Skylitzes</a></i></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">c. 998<br /><a href="/wiki/Macedonia_(region)" title="Macedonia (region)">Macedonia</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Died</th><td class="infobox-data">1043 (aged 44–45)<br />Near <a href="/wiki/Lake_Vegoritida" title="Lake Vegoritida">Lake Vegoritida</a>, west of <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessaloniki</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="padding-right: 1em">Allegiance</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>George Maniakes</b> (<a href="/wiki/Greek_language" title="Greek language">Greek</a>: <span lang="el">Γεώργιος Μανιάκης</span>;<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Italian_language" title="Italian language">Italian</a>: <i lang="it">Giorgio Maniace</i>; died 1043) was a prominent general of the <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine Empire</a> during the 11th century.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Wolf2016_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wolf2016-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was the <a href="/wiki/Catepan_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catepan of Italy">catepan of Italy</a> in 1042. He is known as <b>Gyrgir</b> in Scandinavian sagas. He is popularly said to have been extremely tall and well built, almost a giant.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Biography">Biography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Maniakes&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Biography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg/220px-General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg/330px-General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg/440px-General_Georgios_Maniakes_slaughters_the_Arabs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1270" data-file-height="602" /></a><figcaption>General Georgios Maniakes defeats the Arabs in battle.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg/220px-The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg/330px-The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg/440px-The_seizure_of_Edessa_in_Syria_by_the_Byzantine_army_and_the_Arabic_counterattack_from_the_Chronicle_of_John_Skylitzes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1709" data-file-height="705" /></a><figcaption>Maniakes defending Edessa.</figcaption></figure> <p>Maniakes was a <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Greeks" title="Byzantine Greeks">Greek</a> general of the Byzantine Empire,<sup id="cite_ref-Wolf2016_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Wolf2016-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who first came to prominence during a campaign in 1030–1031 when the Byzantine army was <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Azaz_(1030)" title="Battle of Azaz (1030)">defeated</a> at <a href="/wiki/Aleppo" title="Aleppo">Aleppo</a>, but went on to capture <a href="/wiki/Edessa,_Mesopotamia" class="mw-redirect" title="Edessa, Mesopotamia">Edessa</a> from the Arabs. His greatest achievement was the partial reconquest of <a href="/wiki/Sicily" title="Sicily">Sicily</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arabs</a> beginning in 1038. He was aided by the <a href="/wiki/Varangian_Guard" title="Varangian Guard">Varangian Guard</a>, then led by <a href="/wiki/Harald_III_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="Harald III of Norway">Harald Hardrada</a>, who later became <a href="/wiki/King_of_Norway" class="mw-redirect" title="King of Norway">King of Norway</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also with him were <a href="/wiki/Normans" title="Normans">Norman</a> mercenaries under <a href="/wiki/William_Iron_Arm" title="William Iron Arm">William de Hauteville</a>, who earned his nickname <i>Iron Arm</i> by defeating the <a href="/wiki/Emir" title="Emir">Emir</a> of <a href="/wiki/Syracuse,_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Syracuse, Italy">Syracuse</a> in single combat. However, he soon ostracized his admiral, Stephen, whose wife was the sister of <a href="/wiki/John_the_Orphanotrophos" title="John the Orphanotrophos">John the Eunuch</a>, the highest-ranking man at court. He then publicly humiliated <a href="/wiki/Arduin_the_Lombard" title="Arduin the Lombard">Arduin</a>, the leader of the <a href="/wiki/Lombards" title="Lombards">Lombard</a> contingent, causing them to desert along with the Normans and Norsemen. In response, he was recalled by Emperor <a href="/wiki/Michael_IV_the_Paphlagonian" title="Michael IV the Paphlagonian">Michael IV</a>, who was also Stephen's brother-in-law. Although the Arabs soon recaptured the island, Maniakes' successes there later inspired the Normans to invade Sicily themselves. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg/220px-The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="107" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg/330px-The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg/440px-The_Byzantines_under_Georgios_Maniakes_land_at_Sicily_and_defeat_the_Arabs.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1535" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>The Byzantines under George Maniakes land at Sicily and defeat the Arabs<figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg/220px-Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg/330px-Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e4/Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg/440px-Georgios_Maniakes_reproaches_admiral_Stephanos.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1136" data-file-height="598" /></a><figcaption>Georgios Maniakes reproaches admiral Stephanos.</figcaption></figure></figcaption></figure> <p>Maniakes' achievements in Sicily were largely ignored by the emperor, and he revolted against <a href="/wiki/Constantine_IX" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine IX">Constantine IX</a> in 1042, despite having been appointed <a href="/wiki/Catapanate_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catapanate of Italy">catepan of Italy</a>. The person most responsible for inciting Maniakes to revolt was one Romanus Sclerus. Sclerus, like Maniakes, was one of the immensely wealthy landowners who owned large areas of Anatolia - his estates bordered Maniakes', and the two were rumored to have attacked each other in a dispute over land. Sclerus owed his influence with the emperor to his famously charming sister, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Skleraina" title="Maria Skleraina">Maria Skleraina</a>, who had a very positive influence on Constantine in most areas. Finding himself in a position of power, Sclerus used it to poison Constantine against Maniakes - ransacking his house and even seducing his wife, using the charm for which his family was famous. Maniakes' response to Sclerus' demand that he surrender command of the Empire's forces in Apulia was to torture him brutally; sealing his eyes, ears, nose, and mouth with excrement.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maniakes was then proclaimed emperor by his troops (including the Varangians) and marched on <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a>. In 1043 his army clashed with troops loyal to Constantine near <a href="/wiki/Thessaloniki" title="Thessaloniki">Thessalonica</a>, and although initially successful, Maniakes was killed in the melee after receiving a fatal wound (according to Psellus' account). Constantine's extravagant punishment of the surviving rebels was to parade them in the hippodrome, sitting backwards on donkeys. His death put an end to the rebellion. In Sicily, the town of <a href="/wiki/Maniace" title="Maniace">Maniace</a> and the Syracusan fortress <a href="/wiki/Castello_Maniace" title="Castello Maniace">Castello Maniace</a> are named after him. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Maniakes&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: In popular culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the historical drama series <i><a href="/wiki/Vikings:_Valhalla" title="Vikings: Valhalla">Vikings: Valhalla</a></i>, George Maniakes is played by actor <a href="/wiki/Florian_Munteanu" title="Florian Munteanu">Florian Munteanu</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> His portrayal in the series is highly fictionalized, with major deviations from historicity. As an example, George Maniakes rebelled against Emperor Constantine IX, not Emperor Romanos as depicted in the series <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg/220px-The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="98" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg/330px-The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg/440px-The_captive_Maniakes_is_brought_to_Constantinople.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1432" data-file-height="640" /></a><figcaption>Maniakes is brought to <a href="/wiki/Constantinople" title="Constantinople">Constantinople</a> seated on a donkey</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Maniakes&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Transliterated as <b>Georgios Maniaces</b>, <b>Maniakis</b>, or <b>Maniaches</b>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=George_Maniakes&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output 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class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:George_Maniaces" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:George Maniaces">George Maniaces</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFKaldellis2017" class="citation book cs1">Kaldellis, Anthony (2017-09-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://global.oup.com/academic/product/streams-of-gold-rivers-of-blood-9780190253226"><i>Streams of Gold, Rivers of Blood: The Rise and Fall of Byzantium, 955 A.D. to the First Crusade</i></a>. University of Oxford Press. pp. 161–163. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-190-25322-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-190-25322-6"><bdi>978-0-190-25322-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Streams+of+Gold%2C+Rivers+of+Blood%3A+The+Rise+and+Fall+of+Byzantium%2C+955+A.D.+to+the+First+Crusade&rft.pages=161-163&rft.pub=University+of+Oxford+Press&rft.date=2017-09-14&rft.isbn=978-0-190-25322-6&rft.aulast=Kaldellis&rft.aufirst=Anthony&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fglobal.oup.com%2Facademic%2Fproduct%2Fstreams-of-gold-rivers-of-blood-9780190253226&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Wolf2016-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Wolf2016_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Wolf2016_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolf2016" class="citation book cs1">Wolf, Kenneth Baxter (2016-11-11). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q04rEAAAQBAJ"><i>Making History: The Normans and Their Historians in Eleventh-Century Italy</i></a>. University of Pennsylvania Press. pp. 94–95. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5128-0901-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5128-0901-5"><bdi>978-1-5128-0901-5</bdi></a>. <q>But the Greek leader of the expedition, George Maniakes,<span class="nowrap"> </span>...</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Making+History%3A+The+Normans+and+Their+Historians+in+Eleventh-Century+Italy&rft.pages=94-95&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2016-11-11&rft.isbn=978-1-5128-0901-5&rft.aulast=Wolf&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+Baxter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ04rEAAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kleinhenz2004-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Kleinhenz2004_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKleinhenz2004" class="citation book cs1">Kleinhenz, Christopher (2004). <i>Medieval Italy : an encyclopedia</i>. New York: Routledge. p. 193. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94880-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-135-94880-1"><bdi>978-1-135-94880-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/62243072">62243072</a>. <q>In 1126 the relics of Saint Agatha were brought back to the city from Constantinople, where the Greek general George Maniakes had taken them a century earlier.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Medieval+Italy+%3A+an+encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=193&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2004&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F62243072&rft.isbn=978-1-135-94880-1&rft.aulast=Kleinhenz&rft.aufirst=Christopher&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=gItVKprpx7sC"><i>Byzantino-Nordica 2004: Papers Presented at the International Symposium of Byzantine Studies Held on 7-11 May 2004 in Tartu, Estonia</i></a>. Morgenstern Society. 2005. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9949112664" title="Special:BookSources/9949112664"><bdi>9949112664</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Byzantino-Nordica+2004%3A+Papers+Presented+at+the+International+Symposium+of+Byzantine+Studies+Held+on+7-11+May+2004+in+Tartu%2C+Estonia&rft.pub=Morgenstern+Society&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=9949112664&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DgItVKprpx7sC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOldfield2014" class="citation book cs1">Oldfield, Paul (2014-04-30). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rh9GAwAAQBAJ"><i>Sanctity and Pilgrimage in Medieval Southern Italy, 1000-1200</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 117. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-107-00028-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-107-00028-5"><bdi>978-1-107-00028-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Sanctity+and+Pilgrimage+in+Medieval+Southern+Italy%2C+1000-1200&rft.pages=117&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2014-04-30&rft.isbn=978-1-107-00028-5&rft.aulast=Oldfield&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Drh9GAwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bradbury, Jim. (2004) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=j6y0E6YO-oEC"><i>Routledge Companion to Medieval Warfare</i></a>. Routledge, p. 65</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCordero2022" class="citation news cs1">Cordero, Rosy (5 May 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://deadline.com/2022/05/vikings-valhalla-florian-munteanu-1235017484/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'Vikings: Valhalla': Florian Munteanu Joins Cast Of Netflix Series"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Deadline_Hollywood" title="Deadline Hollywood">Deadline Hollywood</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Deadline+Hollywood&rft.atitle=%27Vikings%3A+Valhalla%27%3A+Florian+Munteanu+Joins+Cast+Of+Netflix+Series&rft.date=2022-05-05&rft.aulast=Cordero&rft.aufirst=Rosy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdeadline.com%2F2022%2F05%2Fvikings-valhalla-florian-munteanu-1235017484%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTyler2024" class="citation news cs1">Tyler, Adrienne (11 July 2024). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://screenrant.com/vikings-valhalla-george-maniakes-true-story-changes/">"Vikings Valhalla Invents Most Of General George Maniakes' Plot, Changing The True Story"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Screen_Rant" title="Screen Rant">Screen Rant</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Screen+Rant&rft.atitle=Vikings+Valhalla+Invents+Most+Of+General+George+Maniakes%27+Plot%2C+Changing+The+True+Story&rft.date=2024-07-11&rft.aulast=Tyler&rft.aufirst=Adrienne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fscreenrant.com%2Fvikings-valhalla-george-maniakes-true-story-changes%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AGeorge+Maniakes" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Synodianos" title="Synodianos">Synodianos</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Catepan_of_Italy" class="mw-redirect" title="Catepan of Italy">Catepan of Italy</a> </b><br />1042 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Pardos_(catepan)" title="Pardos (catepan)">Pardos</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367718#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367718#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367718#identifiers" title="Edit this at 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href="https://viaf.org/viaf/39178995">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJvCRPH4rGQPwvVcpfRtKd">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/129482889">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2008031323">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=8034&url_prefix=https://opac.vatlib.it/auth/detail/&id=495/352104">Vatican</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td 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