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<span>Research</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Organisation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Organisation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Organisation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Organisation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Organisation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Energies_division_(DES)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Energies_division_(DES)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Energies division (DES)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Energies_division_(DES)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Technological_research_division_(DRT)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Technological_research_division_(DRT)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Technological research division (DRT)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Technological_research_division_(DRT)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fundamental_research_division_(DRF)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fundamental_research_division_(DRF)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Fundamental research division (DRF)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fundamental_research_division_(DRF)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military_applications_division_(DAM)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military_applications_division_(DAM)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Military applications division (DAM)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military_applications_division_(DAM)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Facilities</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Facilities subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Civilian_research_centres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civilian_research_centres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Civilian research centres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civilian_research_centres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Civilian_emergency_organizations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civilian_emergency_organizations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Civilian emergency organizations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civilian_emergency_organizations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Research_centres_for_military_applications" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_centres_for_military_applications"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Research centres for military applications</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_centres_for_military_applications-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spin-off_companies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spin-off_companies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Spin-off companies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spin-off_companies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-CEA_in_Academics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#CEA_in_Academics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>CEA in Academics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-CEA_in_Academics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle CEA in Academics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-CEA_in_Academics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-University_of_Paris-Saclay" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#University_of_Paris-Saclay"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>University of Paris-Saclay</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-University_of_Paris-Saclay-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-INSTN" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#INSTN"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>INSTN</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-INSTN-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Others" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Others"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>Others</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Others-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-References-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle References subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet 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Available in 19 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-19" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">19 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B0%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%84%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هيئة الطاقة الذرية والبديلة الفرنسية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هيئة الطاقة الذرية والبديلة الفرنسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Комисариат по атомна енергия – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Комисариат по атомна енергия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%E2%80%99%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komisarejo_pri_atoma_energio" title="Komisarejo pri atoma energio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Komisarejo pri atoma energio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C%E2%80%8C%D9%87%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%AF%D8%B2%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%88_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DA%98%DB%8C_%D8%A7%D8%AA%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="کمیسیون انرژی‌های جایگزین و انرژی اتمی فرانسه – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کمیسیون انرژی‌های جایگزین و انرژی اتمی فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%8A%A4_%EC%9B%90%EC%9E%90%EB%A0%A5_%EB%B0%8F_%EB%8C%80%EC%B2%B4%EC%97%90%EB%84%88%EC%A7%80_%EC%9C%84%EC%9B%90%ED%9A%8C" title="프랑스 원자력 및 대체에너지 위원회 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="프랑스 원자력 및 대체에너지 위원회" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%E2%80%99%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E5%8A%9B%E3%83%BB%E4%BB%A3%E6%9B%BF%E3%82%A8%E3%83%8D%E3%83%AB%E3%82%AE%E3%83%BC%E5%BA%81" title="原子力・代替エネルギー庁 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="原子力・代替エネルギー庁" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%E2%80%99energie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l’energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Commissariat à l’energie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%E2%80%99%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%BF%D0%BE_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B9_%D0%B8_%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B2%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%BC_%D0%B2%D0%B8%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BC_%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B8" title="Комиссариат по атомной и альтернативным видам энергии – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Комиссариат по атомной и альтернативным видам энергии" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D1%82_%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BD%D0%BE%D1%97_%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%96%D1%97" title="Комісаріат атомної енергетики Франції – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Комісаріат атомної енергетики Франції" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%E1%BB%99i_%C4%91%E1%BB%93ng_n%C4%83ng_l%C6%B0%E1%BB%A3ng_nguy%C3%AAn_t%E1%BB%AD_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Hội đồng năng lượng nguyên tử Pháp – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Hội đồng năng lượng nguyên tử Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E5%AD%90%E8%83%BD%E5%92%8C%E6%9B%BF%E4%BB%A3%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="原子能和替代能源委员会 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="原子能和替代能源委员会" data-language-autonym="中文" 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.mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox"><caption class="infobox-title" style="font-size: 125%;">French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><i>Commissariat à l'énergie atomique<br />et aux énergies alternatives</i></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg/180px-LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg/270px-LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg/360px-LOGO_CEA_ORIGINAL.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color: #efefef">Agency overview</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Formed</th><td class="infobox-data">18 October 1945<span class="noprint">; 79 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1945-10-18</span>)</span> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle" title="Charles de Gaulle">Charles de Gaulle</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Preceding agency</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;">Commissariat à l'énergie atomique</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gif-sur-Yvette" title="Gif-sur-Yvette">Gif-sur-Yvette</a>, <a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">21,000+ (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-CEA-website_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEA-website-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Annual budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>5.8 billion</span> (2022)<sup id="cite_ref-CEA-website_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEA-website-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Agency executives</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"><ul><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Jacq (page does not exist)">François Jacq</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacq" class="extiw" title="fr:François Jacq">fr</a>]</span>, General administrator</li><li style="text-indent: -1em; padding-left: 1em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Landais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Landais (page does not exist)">Patrick Landais</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Landais" class="extiw" title="fr:Patrick Landais">fr</a>]</span>, High Commissioner for Atomic Energy</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cea.fr/english">cea.fr</a></span> (en)</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission</b>, or <b>CEA</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Commissariat_%C3%A0_l%27%C3%A9nergie_atomique_et_aux_%C3%A9nergies_alternatives" class="extiw" title="fr:Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives">Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives</a>), is a French public government-funded research organisation in the areas of energy, defense and security, information technologies and health technologies. The CEA maintains a cross-disciplinary culture of engineers and researchers, building on the synergies between fundamental and technological research. </p><p>CEA is headed by a board headed by the general administrator (currently <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Jacq (page does not exist)">François Jacq</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacq" class="extiw" title="fr:François Jacq">fr</a>]</span> since 20 April 2018<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), advised by the high-commissioner for atomic energy (currently <a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Landais&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Landais (page does not exist)">Patrick Landais</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Patrick_Landais" class="extiw" title="fr:Patrick Landais">fr</a>]</span>). Its yearly budget amounts to €5.8 billion and its permanent staff is slightly over 21,000 persons.<sup id="cite_ref-CEA-website_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CEA-website-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CEA was created in 1945; since then, the successive high-commissioners have been <a href="/wiki/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Joliot-Curie" title="Frédéric Joliot-Curie">Frédéric Joliot-Curie</a>, <a href="/wiki/Francis_Perrin_(physicist)" title="Francis Perrin (physicist)">Francis Perrin</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_Yvon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques Yvon (page does not exist)">Jacques Yvon</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jacques_Yvon" class="extiw" title="fr:Jacques Yvon">fr</a>]</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Teillac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Teillac (page does not exist)">Jean Teillac</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jean_Teillac" class="extiw" title="fr:Jean Teillac">fr</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Raoul_Dautry" title="Raoul Dautry">Raoul Dautry</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Pellat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="René Pellat (page does not exist)">René Pellat</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Pellat" class="extiw" title="fr:René Pellat">fr</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Bernard_Bigot" title="Bernard Bigot">Bernard Bigot</a>, <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Cesarsky" title="Catherine Cesarsky">Catherine Cesarsky</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Verwaerde&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Verwaerde (page does not exist)">Daniel Verwaerde</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Verwaerde" class="extiw" title="fr:Daniel Verwaerde">fr</a>]</span>, and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacq&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="François Jacq (page does not exist)">François Jacq</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Jacq" class="extiw" title="fr:François Jacq">fr</a>]</span>. </p><p>In December 2009, French President <a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Sarkozy" title="Nicolas Sarkozy">Nicolas Sarkozy</a> declared<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that CEA should change its name from <i>Commissariat à l’énergie atomique</i> (English: <span lang="en">Commission for Atomic Energy</span>) to <i>Commissariat à l’énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives</i> (English: <span lang="en">Commission for Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies</span>); this change took effect on 10 March 2010, when the decision was published in the <i><a href="/wiki/Journal_officiel_de_la_R%C3%A9publique_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Journal officiel de la République française">Journal officiel de la République française</a></i>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research">Research</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Research"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It conducts fundamental and applied research into many areas, including the design of <a href="/wiki/Nuclear_reactor" title="Nuclear reactor">nuclear reactors</a>, the manufacturing of <a href="/wiki/Integrated_circuits" class="mw-redirect" title="Integrated circuits">integrated circuits</a>, the use of <a href="/wiki/Radionucleide" class="mw-redirect" title="Radionucleide">radionucleides</a> for curing illnesses, <a href="/wiki/Seismology" title="Seismology">seismology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tsunami" title="Tsunami">tsunami</a> propagation, the safety of <a href="/wiki/Computer" title="Computer">computerized systems</a>, etc. </p><p>It has one of the <a href="/wiki/TOP500" title="TOP500">top 100</a> <a href="/wiki/Supercomputer" title="Supercomputer">supercomputers</a> in the world, the <i><a href="/wiki/Tera-100" class="mw-redirect" title="Tera-100">Tera-100</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> TERA 100, first system designed and built in Europe to reach the petaflops in 2010, was ranked in 5th position in the worldwide TOP 500.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> CEA is now building TERA-1000 which is a key step in the implementation of their <a href="/wiki/Exascale_computing" title="Exascale computing">Exascale</a> program for the computing needs that CEA would face by 2020.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Manual_of_Style/Dates_and_numbers#Chronological_items" title="Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers"><span title="The date of the event predicted near this tag has passed. (June 2022)">needs update</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In March 2016, <a href="/wiki/Reuters" title="Reuters">Reuters</a> published an article describing the "Top 25 Global Innovators – Government"<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and placed CEA as "number one" amongst "The World's Most Innovative Research Institutions."<sup id="cite_ref-Reuters_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Reuters-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Organisation">Organisation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Organisation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CEA is divided into four <i>directorates</i>, or divisions: </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Energies_division_(DES)"><span id="Energies_division_.28DES.29"></span>Energies division (DES)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Energies division (DES)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_des_%C3%A9nergies&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction des énergies (page does not exist)">direction des énergies</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/direction_des_%C3%A9nergies" class="extiw" title="fr:direction des énergies">fr</a>]</span> (DES) comprises four institutes:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Institut de recherche sur les systèmes nucléaires pour la production d’énergie bas carbone (IRESNE), in <a href="/wiki/Cadarache" title="Cadarache">Cadarache</a></li> <li>Institut des sciences et technologies pour une économie circulaire des énergies bas carbone (ISEC), in Marcoule</li> <li>Institut des sciences appliquées et de la simulation pour les énergies bas carbone (ISAS), in <a href="/wiki/CEA_Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li>Institut de technico-économie des systèmes énergétiques (ITESE or I-Tésé)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Technological_research_division_(DRT)"><span id="Technological_research_division_.28DRT.29"></span>Technological research division (DRT)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Technological research division (DRT)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_de_la_recherche_technologique&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction de la recherche technologique (page does not exist)">direction de la recherche technologique</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/direction_de_la_recherche_technologique" class="extiw" title="fr:direction de la recherche technologique">fr</a>]</span> (DRT), known also as CEA Tech<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> division, is divided between two CEA sites, at Saclay and Grenoble. CEA Tech focuses on technological research and development in the field of energy, IT (both hardware and software) and healthcare informatics. It plays an active role in transferring knowledge and research to industry. </p><p>The CEA Tech division is further divided into three research institutes: </p> <ul><li>The <a href="/wiki/CEA-Leti:_Laboratoire_d%27%C3%A9lectronique_des_technologies_de_l%27information" title="CEA-Leti: Laboratoire d'électronique des technologies de l'information">CEA-Leti</a><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lab works mainly on micro/nano technologies and specializes in microsystems, biotech, photonics and nanoelectronics. It is located mainly in Grenoble, France.</li> <li>The <a href="/wiki/CEA-LIST:_Laboratory_for_Integration_of_Systems_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA-LIST: Laboratory for Integration of Systems and Technology">CEA-List</a><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lab works mainly on systems and software-intensive technology and specializes in embedded systems, sensors and big data, and advanced manufacturing. It is located mainly in Paris-Saclay, France.</li> <li>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=CEA-Liten&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CEA-Liten (page does not exist)">CEA-Liten</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laboratoire_d%27innovation_pour_les_technologies_des_%C3%A9nergies_nouvelles_et_les_nanomat%C3%A9riaux" class="extiw" title="fr:Laboratoire d'innovation pour les technologies des énergies nouvelles et les nanomatériaux">fr</a>]</span><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> lab works mainly on cutting edge technologies related to energy and <a href="/wiki/Nanomaterials" title="Nanomaterials">nanomaterials</a>. It specializes in building solar, carbon-free transports, biomass-hydrogen and nano materials-nanotechnologies.</li></ul> <p>The current director of DRT since january 2023 is Julie Galland.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Fundamental_research_division_(DRF)"><span id="Fundamental_research_division_.28DRF.29"></span>Fundamental research division (DRF)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Fundamental research division (DRF)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_de_la_recherche_fondamentale&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction de la recherche fondamentale (page does not exist)">direction de la recherche fondamentale</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/direction_de_la_recherche_fondamentale" class="extiw" title="fr:direction de la recherche fondamentale">fr</a>]</span> (DRF) consists of 9 institutes:<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Institut de biologie François Jacob (JACOB) in CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses</li> <li>Institut des sciences du vivant Frédéric Joliot (JOLIOT) in <a href="/wiki/CEA_Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li>Institut Rayonnement-Matière de Saclay (IRAMIS) in <a href="/wiki/CEA_Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_de_recherche_sur_les_lois_fondamentales_de_l%27Univers" title="Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers">Institut de recherche sur les lois fondamentales de l'Univers</a> (Irfu) in <a href="/wiki/CEA_Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laboratoire_des_sciences_du_climat_et_de_l%27environnement" class="mw-redirect" title="Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l'environnement">Laboratoire des sciences du climat et de l'environnement</a> (LSCE) in <a href="/wiki/CEA_Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li>Institut de recherche interdisciplinaire de Grenoble (IRIG) in <a href="/w/index.php?title=CEA_Grenoble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CEA Grenoble (page does not exist)">CEA Grenoble</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/CEA_Grenoble" class="extiw" title="fr:CEA Grenoble">fr</a>]</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Theoretical_Physics,_Saclay" title="Institute of Theoretical Physics, Saclay">Institut de physique théorique</a> (IPhT) in <a href="/wiki/CEA_Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="CEA Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li>Institut de Recherche sur la Fusion par confinement Magnétique (IRFM) in <a href="/wiki/Cadarache" title="Cadarache">Cadarache</a></li> <li>Institut de Biosciences et de Biotechnologies d'Aix-Marseille (BIAM) in <a href="/wiki/Cadarache" title="Cadarache">Cadarache</a></li></ul> <p>The current DRF director since 2 november 2019 is Elsa Cortijo.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Military_applications_division_(DAM)"><span id="Military_applications_division_.28DAM.29"></span>Military applications division (DAM)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Military applications division (DAM)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Direction_des_applications_militaires&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Direction des applications militaires (page does not exist)">direction des applications militaires</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/direction_des_applications_militaires" class="extiw" title="fr:direction des applications militaires">fr</a>]</span> (DAM) builds the nuclear weapons of the <a href="/wiki/Military_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Military of France">French military</a> and designs the power plants for the nuclear submarines of the <a href="/wiki/French_Navy" title="French Navy">French Navy</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Facilities">Facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civilian_research_centres">Civilian research centres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Civilian research centres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saclay_Nuclear_Research_Centre" class="mw-redirect" title="Saclay Nuclear Research Centre">CEA Saclay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essonne" title="Essonne">Essonne</a> (<span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&params=48.725135_N_2.150346_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">48°43′30″N</span> <span class="longitude">2°09′01″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">48.725135°N 2.150346°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">48.725135; 2.150346</span></span></span></a></span></span>, headquarters since 2006) and the associated National Laboratory <a href="/wiki/GANIL" class="mw-redirect" title="GANIL">GANIL</a> at <a href="/wiki/Caen" title="Caen">Caen</a> - <a href="/wiki/Calvados_(department)" title="Calvados (department)">Calvados</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Ch%C3%A2tillon_(Paris)#Centre_d'Études_Nucléaires_de_Fontenay-aux-Roses_(CEN-FAR)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fort de Châtillon (Paris)">CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fontenay-aux-Roses" title="Fontenay-aux-Roses">Fontenay-aux-Roses</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hauts-de-Seine" title="Hauts-de-Seine">Hauts-de-Seine</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CEA_Grenoble&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CEA Grenoble (page does not exist)">CEA Grenoble</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_CEA_de_Grenoble" class="extiw" title="fr:Centre CEA de Grenoble">fr</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Grenoble" title="Grenoble">Grenoble</a> (<a href="/wiki/Polygone_Scientifique" title="Polygone Scientifique">Polygone Scientifique</a>), <a href="/wiki/Is%C3%A8re" title="Isère">Isère</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CEA_Cadarache&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CEA Cadarache (page does not exist)">CEA Cadarache</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_CEA_de_Cadarache" class="extiw" title="fr:Centre CEA de Cadarache">fr</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Cadarache" title="Cadarache">Cadarache</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bouches-du-Rh%C3%B4ne" title="Bouches-du-Rhône">Bouches-du-Rhône</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcoule_Nuclear_Site" title="Marcoule Nuclear Site">CEA Valrhô</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marcoule" class="mw-redirect" title="Marcoule">Marcoule</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pierrelatte" title="Pierrelatte">Pierrelatte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gard" title="Gard">Gard</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civilian_emergency_organizations">Civilian emergency organizations</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Civilian emergency organizations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Groupe_INTRA" title="Groupe INTRA">Groupe INTRA</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research_centres_for_military_applications">Research centres for military applications</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Research centres for military applications"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The sites of the DAM include:<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CEA_DAM_%C3%8Ele-de-France_(DIF)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CEA DAM Île-de-France (DIF) (page does not exist)">CEA DAM Île-de-France (DIF)</a><span class="noprint" style="font-size:85%; font-style: normal;"> [<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Centre_CEA_de_Bruy%C3%A8res-le-Ch%C3%A2tel" class="extiw" title="fr:Centre CEA de Bruyères-le-Châtel">fr</a>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Bruy%C3%A8res-le-Ch%C3%A2tel" title="Bruyères-le-Châtel">Bruyères-le-Châtel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Essonne" title="Essonne">Essonne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEA_Valduc" title="CEA Valduc">CEA Valduc</a>, <a href="/wiki/C%C3%B4te-d%27Or" title="Côte-d'Or">Côte-d'Or</a></li> <li>INBS PN CADARACHE, in <a href="/wiki/Cadarache" title="Cadarache">Cadarache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEA_Cesta" title="CEA Cesta">CEA Cesta</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gironde" title="Gironde">Gironde</a></li> <li>CEA Gramat</li> <li>CEA Le Ripault, <a href="/wiki/Indre-et-Loire" title="Indre-et-Loire">Indre-et-Loire</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Spin-off_companies">Spin-off companies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Spin-off companies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CEA has spun off multiple companies, some being partial subsidiaries or where CEA has minority interest. Some such companies are listed below: </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Orano" title="Orano">Orano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/STMicroelectronics" title="STMicroelectronics">STMicroelectronics</a><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soitec" title="Soitec">Soitec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LYNRED" class="mw-redirect" title="LYNRED">LYNRED</a> (formerly Sofradir)</li> <li>It owned <a href="/wiki/Areva" title="Areva">Areva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalray" title="Kalray">Kalray</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="CEA_in_Academics">CEA in Academics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: CEA in Academics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="University_of_Paris-Saclay">University of Paris-Saclay</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: University of Paris-Saclay"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>CEA has played an active role in research, development and innovation in the four main areas of low-carbon energies (nuclear and renewable), technologies for information and health technologies, very large research infrastructures (TGIR), and defense and global security. </p><p>Moreover, two of the ten CEA centers across France have joined with the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Paris-Saclay" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Paris-Saclay">University of Paris-Saclay</a><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to develop high quality research and training. The centers which form a part of the University of Paris-Saclay include: </p> <ul><li>CEA Saclay Center,<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which conducts research mainly in areas related to climate and environment, materials science, nuclear energy, life sciences and technological research</li> <li>CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses Center,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which conducts research and innovation in areas related to imaging and biomedical technologies</li></ul> <p>(Since 2017, these two centers merged into <a href="/wiki/CEA_Paris-Saclay" title="CEA Paris-Saclay">CEA Paris-Saclay</a> center, and are now referred to as sites in that center.) </p><p>The CEA researchers involved in the University of Paris-Saclay represent over 20% of the university's research potential, particularly in the field of physics and engineering. CEA maintains a strong presence in training to master and engineer level by administering <a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_et_techniques_nucl%C3%A9aires" title="Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires">INSTN</a>, wherein various courses are taught by its researchers. </p><p>CEA has around 400 researchers who hold an accreditation to supervise research, making it a significant contributor to the research and doctoral programs of the University Paris-Saclay. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="INSTN">INSTN</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: INSTN"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The INSTN, <i><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_des_sciences_et_techniques_nucl%C3%A9aires" title="Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires">Institut national des sciences et techniques nucléaires</a></i> (National Institute for Nuclear Science and Technology) is a public higher education institution administered by the CEA (French Atomic Energy and Alternative Energies Commission) under the joint authority of the <a href="/wiki/Ministry_of_National_Education_(France)" title="Ministry of National Education (France)">Ministry of National Education</a>, Higher Education and Research, the <a href="/wiki/Minister_of_the_Economy,_Finances_and_Industry_(France)" class="mw-redirect" title="Minister of the Economy, Finances and Industry (France)">Ministry of the Economy</a>, Industry and the Digital Sector and the Ministry of the Environment, Energy and Marine Affairs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Others">Others</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Others"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Atos, ENS Paris-Saclay and CEA launched an academic partnership in 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1259569809">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/32px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/48px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/64px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:France" title="Portal:France">France portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_energy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Crystal_energy.svg/29px-Crystal_energy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="29" height="28" class="mw-file-element" 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href="/wiki/Portal:Nuclear_technology" title="Portal:Nuclear technology">Nuclear technology portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GANIL" class="mw-redirect" title="GANIL">GANIL</a> (laboratory shared between the CEA and the CNRS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupe_INTRA" title="Groupe INTRA">Groupe INTRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laser_M%C3%A9gajoule" title="Laser Mégajoule">Laser Mégajoule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pascal_Elleaume" title="Pascal Elleaume">Pascal Elleaume</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=French_Alternative_Energies_and_Atomic_Energy_Commission&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-CEA-website-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-CEA-website_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEA-website_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-CEA-website_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cea.fr/english/Pages/cea/the-cea-a-key-player-in-technological-research.aspx">"CEA: Key Figures"</a>. CEA. 2022.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CEA%3A+Key+Figures&rft.pub=CEA&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cea.fr%2Fenglish%2FPages%2Fcea%2Fthe-cea-a-key-player-in-technological-research.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Alternative+Energies+and+Atomic+Energy+Commission" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cea.fr/presse/Pages/actualites-communiques/institutionnel/nomination-francois-jacq-administrateur-general-cea.aspx">"François Jacq est nommé Administrateur général du CEA"</a>. 20 April 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Fran%C3%A7ois+Jacq+est+nomm%C3%A9+Administrateur+g%C3%A9n%C3%A9ral+du+CEA&rft.date=2018-04-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cea.fr%2Fpresse%2FPages%2Factualites-communiques%2Finstitutionnel%2Fnomination-francois-jacq-administrateur-general-cea.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Alternative+Energies+and+Atomic+Energy+Commission" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.iter.org/fr/newsline/80/440">"Cesarsky appointed Commissioner to Atomic Energy"</a>. ITER. 5 May 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 March</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cesarsky+appointed+Commissioner+to+Atomic+Energy&rft.pub=ITER&rft.date=2009-05-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.iter.org%2Ffr%2Fnewsline%2F80%2F440&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFrench+Alternative+Energies+and+Atomic+Energy+Commission" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lesechos.fr/info/energie/020267925515-le-commissariat-a-l-energie-atomique-elargit-son-champ-aux-energies-alternatives.htm"><i>Les Echos</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100216113604/http://www.lesechos.fr/info/energie/020267925515-le-commissariat-a-l-energie-atomique-elargit-son-champ-aux-energies-alternatives.htm">Archived</a> 2010-02-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> <span class="languageicon">(in French)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.top500.org/system/176928">"Tera-100 - Bull bullx super-node S6010/S6030 | TOP500 Supercomputer Sites"</a>. <i>www.top500.org</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Goldschmidt">Bertrand Goldschmidt</a>, <i>Le Complexe atomique : histoire politique de l’énergie nucléaire</i>, Fayard, 1980</li> <li>Gabrielle Hecht, <i>Le rayonnement de la France : Énergie nucléaire et identité nationale après la Seconde Guerre mondiale</i>, La Découverte, 2004</li> <li>Marie-José Lovérini, <i>L’Atome de la recherche à l’industrie : le Commissariat à l’énergie atomique</i>, Gallimard, 1996</li> <li>Jean-François Picard, Alain Beltran et Martine Bungener, <i>Histoire de l’EDF : comment se sont prises les décisions de 1946 à nos jours</i>, Dunod, 1985</li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li 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<ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_universities_in_France" class="mw-redirect" title="List of public universities in France">Universities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_scientifique,_culturel_et_professionnel#Different_types_of_EPSCP" title="Établissement public à caractère scientifique, culturel et professionnel">Autonomous institutes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89cole_Normale_Sup%C3%A9rieure" class="mw-redirect" title="École Normale Supérieure">Écoles normales supérieures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grands_%C3%A9tablissements" title="Grands établissements">Grands établissements</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/French_Public_Scientific_and_Technical_Research_Establishment" class="mw-redirect" title="French Public Scientific and Technical Research Establishment">Public research institutes</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_de_recherche_en_sciences_et_technologies_pour_l%27environnement_et_l%27agriculture" title="Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture">IRSTEA</a> (agriculture)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_National_Centre_for_Scientific_Research" title="French National Centre for Scientific Research">CNRS</a> (fundamental sciences)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_d%27%C3%A9tudes_d%C3%A9mographiques" title="Institut national d'études démographiques">INED</a> (demography)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_national_de_la_recherche_agronomique" title="Institut national de la recherche agronomique">INRA</a> (agronomy)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFSTTAR" title="IFSTTAR">IFSTTAR</a> (transports and civil engineering)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Institute_for_Research_in_Computer_Science_and_Automation" title="French Institute for Research in Computer Science and Automation">INRIA</a> (computer science and control)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inserm" title="Inserm">INSERM</a> (medicine)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Research_Institute_for_Development" title="Research Institute for Development">IRD</a> (development)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89tablissement_public_%C3%A0_caract%C3%A8re_industriel_et_commercial" title="Établissement public à caractère industriel et commercial">Public industry</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_de_Recherches_G%C3%A9ologiques_et_Mini%C3%A8res" title="Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières">BRGM</a> (geoscience)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CEA</a> (nuclear industry and renewables)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IFREMER" title="IFREMER">IFREMER</a> (maritime applications)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ONERA" title="ONERA">ONERA</a> (aerospace)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Nuclear_power_in_France" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Nuclear_power_in_France" title="Template:Nuclear power in France"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Nuclear_power_in_France" title="Template talk:Nuclear power in France"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Nuclear_power_in_France" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Nuclear power in France"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Nuclear_power_in_France" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_France" title="Nuclear power in France">Nuclear power in France</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Power plants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Active</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Belleville_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Belleville Nuclear Power Plant">Belleville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blayais_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Blayais Nuclear Power Plant">Blayais</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugey_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Bugey Nuclear Power Plant">Bugey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cattenom_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Cattenom Nuclear Power Plant">Cattenom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinon_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Chinon Nuclear Power Plant">Chinon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chooz_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Chooz Nuclear Power Plant">Chooz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Civaux_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Civaux Nuclear Power Plant">Civaux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cruas_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Cruas Nuclear Power Plant">Cruas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dampierre_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Dampierre Nuclear Power Plant">Dampierre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flamanville_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Flamanville Nuclear Power Plant">Flamanville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golfech_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Golfech Nuclear Power Plant">Golfech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gravelines_Nuclear_Power_Station" title="Gravelines Nuclear Power Station">Gravelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nogent_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Nogent Nuclear Power Plant">Nogent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paluel_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Paluel Nuclear Power Plant">Paluel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penly_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Penly Nuclear Power Plant">Penly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Alban_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Saint-Alban Nuclear Power Plant">Saint-Alban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Laurent_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Saint-Laurent Nuclear Power Plant">Saint-Laurent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricastin_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Tricastin Nuclear Power Plant">Tricastin</a> (Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brennilis_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Brennilis Nuclear Power Plant">Brennilis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bugey_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Bugey Nuclear Power Plant">Bugey 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinon_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Chinon Nuclear Power Plant">Chinon (A1/A2/A3)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chooz_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Chooz Nuclear Power Plant">Chooz A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superph%C3%A9nix" title="Superphénix">Creys-Malville SPX</a> (Superphénix)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fessenheim_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Fessenheim Nuclear Power Plant">Fessenheim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcoule_Nuclear_Site#Reactors" title="Marcoule Nuclear Site">Marcoule</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint-Laurent_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Saint-Laurent Nuclear Power Plant">Saint-Laurent (A1/A2)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Reactor types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Power plant reactors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/UNGG_reactor" title="UNGG reactor">UNGG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_France#900_MWe_class_.28CP0.2C_CP1_and_CP2_designs.29" title="Nuclear power in France">CP0, CP1, CP2, CPY</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_France#900_MWe_class_.28P4_and_P.274_designs.29" title="Nuclear power in France">P4, P'4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_France#900_MWe_class_.28N4_design.29" title="Nuclear power in France">N4</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EPR_(nuclear_reactor)" title="EPR (nuclear reactor)">EPR</a> (under construction)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research, experimental,<br />prototype reactors<br />and concepts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zo%C3%A9_(reactor)" title="Zoé (reactor)">EL-1 (Zoé)</a></li> <li>EL-2, EL-3 (<a href="/wiki/CEA_Paris-Saclay" title="CEA Paris-Saclay">CEA Paris-Saclay</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tokamak_de_Fontenay_aux_Roses" class="mw-redirect" title="Tokamak de Fontenay aux Roses">TFR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennilis_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Brennilis Nuclear Power Plant">EL-4 (Brennilis)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapsodie" title="Rapsodie">Rapsodie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ph%C3%A9nix" title="Phénix">Phénix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superph%C3%A9nix" title="Superphénix">Superphénix</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jules_Horowitz_Reactor" title="Jules Horowitz Reactor">JHR</a> (under construction)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ITER" title="ITER">ITER</a> (under construction)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/ASTRID_(reactor)" title="ASTRID (reactor)">ASTRID</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexblue" title="Flexblue">Flexblue</a> (concept)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Research locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cadarache" title="Cadarache">CEA Cadarache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_de_Ch%C3%A2tillon" title="Fort de Châtillon">CEA Fontenay-aux-Roses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polygone_Scientifique" title="Polygone Scientifique">CEA Grenoble</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institut_Laue%E2%80%93Langevin" title="Institut Laue–Langevin">Institut Laue–Langevin</a> (Grenoble)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcoule_Nuclear_Site" title="Marcoule Nuclear Site">CEA Marcoule</a> (Marcoule, Pierrelatte)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CEA_Paris-Saclay" title="CEA Paris-Saclay">CEA Saclay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meuse/Haute_Marne_Underground_Research_Laboratory" title="Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory">Meuse/Haute Marne Underground Research Laboratory (Andra)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricastin_Nuclear_Power_Plant#Tricastin_Nuclear_Site" title="Tricastin Nuclear Power Plant">Tricastin Nuclear Site</a> (Bollène, Lapalud, Pierrelatte, Saint-Paul-Trois-Châteaux)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_fuel_cycle" title="Nuclear fuel cycle">Fuel cycle</a> locations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malv%C3%A9si" title="Malvési">Malvési</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tricastin_Nuclear_Power_Plant" title="Tricastin Nuclear Power Plant">Tricastin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eurodif" title="Eurodif">Eurodif</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Romans_Nuclear_Site&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Romans Nuclear Site (page does not exist)">Romans</a> (<a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Site_nucl%C3%A9aire_de_Romans" class="extiw" title="fr:Site nucléaire de Romans">fr</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Hague_site" title="La Hague site">La Hague</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manche_storage_centre" title="Manche storage centre">Manche</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_Nationale_des_Comit%C3%A9s_et_Commissions_Locales_d%27Information" title="Association Nationale des Comités et Commissions Locales d'Information">ANCCLI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Agence_nationale_pour_la_gestion_des_d%C3%A9chets_radioactifs" title="Agence nationale pour la gestion des déchets radioactifs">Andra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areva" title="Areva">Areva</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naval_Group" title="Naval Group">Naval Group</a> (formerly DCNS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autorit%C3%A9_de_s%C3%BBret%C3%A9_nucl%C3%A9aire" title="Autorité de sûreté nucléaire">ASN</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">CEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%89lectricit%C3%A9_de_France" title="Électricité de France">Électricité de France</a> (EDF)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Framatome" title="Framatome">Framatome</a> (formerly Areva NP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orano" title="Orano">Orano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orano_Cycle" title="Orano Cycle">Orano Cycle</a> (formerly COGEMA and Areva NC)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public discourse<br />and opposition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nuclear_power_in_France#Accidents_and_incidents" title="Nuclear power in France">Accidents and incidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anti-nuclear_movement_in_France" title="Anti-nuclear movement in France">Anti-nuclear movement in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Blayais_Nuclear_Power_Plant_flood" title="1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood">1999 Blayais Nuclear Power Plant flood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_S%C3%A9bastien_Briat" title="Death of Sébastien Briat">Death of Sébastien Briat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Larivi%C3%A8re" title="André Larivière">André Larivière</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corinne_Lepage" title="Corinne Lepage">Corinne Lepage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St%C3%A9phane_Lhomme" title="Stéphane Lhomme">Stéphane Lhomme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycle_Schneider" title="Mycle Schneider">Mycle Schneider</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monique_Sen%C3%A9" title="Monique Sené">Monique Sené</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominique_Voynet" title="Dominique Voynet">Dominique Voynet</a></li> <li><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Le_Ravi" class="extiw" title="fr:Le Ravi">Yves Marignac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solange_Fernex" title="Solange Fernex">Solange Fernex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commission_for_Independent_Research_and_Information_on_Radioactivity" title="Commission for Independent Research and Information on Radioactivity">CRIIRAD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Groupement_des_scientifiques_pour_l%27information_sur_l%27%C3%A9nergie_nucl%C3%A9aire" title="Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'énergie nucléaire">Groupement des scientifiques pour l'information sur l'énergie nucléaire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sortir_du_nucl%C3%A9aire_(France)" title="Sortir du nucléaire (France)">Sortir du nucléaire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related categories</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nuclear_power_in_France" title="Category:Nuclear power in France">Nuclear power in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nuclear_power_stations_in_France" title="Category:Nuclear power stations in France">Nuclear power stations in France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Nuclear_technology_in_France" title="Category:Nuclear technology in France">Nuclear technology in France</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_nuclear_reactors#France" title="Lists of nuclear reactors">List of nuclear reactors in France</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868550#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868550#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q868550#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000122998025">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143786436">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/161067658">2</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/62144648301531773959">3</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/nb2010033822">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007604482105171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981060537693806706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026372061">IdRef</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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