CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Commons:Derivative works - Wikimedia Commons</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )commonswikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"05029eb6-d17f-47c5-a966-24b5a9589ebb","wgCanonicalNamespace":"Project","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":4,"wgPageName":"Commons:Derivative_works","wgTitle":"Derivative works","wgCurRevisionId":906559573,"wgRevisionId":906559573,"wgArticleId":885844,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":[ "*"],"wgCategories":["Commons guidelines","Commons licensing help"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"en","wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Commons:Derivative_works","wgRelevantArticleId":885844,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"commons","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":false,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":40000,"wgInternalRedirectTargetUrl":"/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works","wgTranslatePageTranslation":"source","wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"upwizPropertyTitles":{"P180":"Main subjects visible in this work"},"upwizPropertyPlaceholders":{"P180":"e.g., Angolan giraffe"} ,"upwizPropertyCopyLabels":{"P180":"Main subjects"},"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgDiscussionToolsFeaturesEnabled":{"replytool":true,"newtopictool":true,"sourcemodetoolbar":true,"topicsubscription":false,"autotopicsub":false,"visualenhancements":false,"visualenhancements_reply":false,"visualenhancements_pageframe":false},"wgDiscussionToolsFallbackEditMode":"source","wgULSPosition":"personal","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":true,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":false,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q836950","wbmiDefaultProperties":["P180"],"wbmiPropertyTitles":{"P180":"Items portrayed in this file"},"wbmiPropertyTypes":{"P180":"wikibase-item"},"wbmiRepoApiUrl":"/w/api.php","wbmiHelpUrls":{"P180":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Depicts"},"wbmiExternalEntitySearchBaseUri":"https://www.wikidata.org/w/api.php","wbmiSupportedDataTypes":["wikibase-item","string","quantity","time","monolingualtext","external-id","globe-coordinate", "url"],"wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"]};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.Long-Image-Names-in-Categories":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.translate.tag.languages":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","ext.discussionTools.init.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.styles":"ready","oojs-ui.styles.indicators":"ready","mediawiki.widgets.styles":"ready","oojs-ui-core.icons":"ready","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","ext.translate.edit.documentation.styles":"ready","ext.translate":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","codex-search-styles":"ready","ext.uls.pt":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["mediawiki.action.view.redirect","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.media","site", "mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.translate.pagetranslation.uls","ext.gadget.Slideshow","ext.gadget.ZoomViewer","ext.gadget.CollapsibleTemplates","ext.gadget.fastcci","ext.gadget.Stockphoto","ext.gadget.WatchlistNotice","ext.gadget.AjaxQuickDelete","ext.gadget.WikiMiniAtlas","ext.gadget.LanguageSelect","ext.gadget.PictureOfTheYearEnhancements","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.discussionTools.init","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.wikimediaEvents.wikibase","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.compactlinks","ext.uls.interface","ext.checkUser.clientHints","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=codex-search-styles%7Cext.cite.styles%7Cext.discussionTools.init.styles%7Cext.translate%2CwikimediaBadges%7Cext.translate.edit.documentation.styles%7Cext.translate.tag.languages%7Cext.uls.pt%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cmediawiki.widgets.styles%7Coojs-ui-core.icons%2Cstyles%7Coojs-ui.styles.indicators%7Cskins.vector.styles.legacy%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=ext.gadget.Long-Image-Names-in-Categories&only=styles&skin=vector"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=en&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.5"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Commons:Derivative works - Wikimedia Commons"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//commons.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Edit" href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/commons.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/commons.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikimedia Commons"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikimedia Commons Atom feed" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="ext-discussiontools-replytool-enabled ext-discussiontools-newtopictool-enabled ext-discussiontools-sourcemodetoolbar-enabled skin-vector-legacy mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-4 ns-subject mw-editable page-Commons_Derivative_works rootpage-Commons_Derivative_works skin-vector action-view"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> <div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> <a id="top"></a> <div id="siteNotice"></div> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-namespace">Commons</span><span class="mw-page-title-separator">:</span><span class="mw-page-title-main">Derivative works</span></h1> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikimedia Commons, the free media repository</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="contentSub2"></div> <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> <a class="mw-jump-link" href="#searchInput">Jump to search</a> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-pt-translate-header noprint nomobile" dir="ltr" lang="en"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&group=page-Commons%3ADerivative+works&action=page&filter=&action_source=translate_page" title="Special:Translate">Translate this page</a>; This page contains <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&oldid=904989047&diff=906559573">changes</a></span> which are not marked for translation.</div><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages noprint navigation-not-searchable" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-pt-languages-label">Other languages:</div><ul class="mw-pt-languages-list"><li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/id" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Karya turunan (14% translated)" lang="id" dir="ltr">Bahasa Indonesia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ms" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Derivative works/ms (10% translated)" lang="ms" dir="ltr">Bahasa Melayu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/en-gb" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Derivative works (59% translated)" lang="en-GB" dir="ltr">British English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/de" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Bearbeitungen (100% translated)" lang="de" dir="ltr">Deutsch</a></li> <li><span class="mw-pt-languages-ui mw-pt-languages-selected mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" lang="en" dir="ltr">English</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/eo" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Derivative works/eo (1% translated)" lang="eo" dir="ltr">Esperanto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/nl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Derivative works/nl (100% translated)" lang="nl" dir="ltr">Nederlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ca" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Obres derivades (37% translated)" lang="ca" dir="ltr">català</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/es" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Commons:Obras derivadas (100% translated)" lang="es" dir="ltr">español</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/fr" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Œuvre dérivée (86% translated)" lang="fr" dir="ltr">français</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/gl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Obras derivadas (15% translated)" lang="gl" dir="ltr">galego</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/it" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Opere derivate (11% translated)" lang="it" dir="ltr">italiano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/uz" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Hosila asarlar (7% translated)" lang="uz" dir="ltr">oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/pl" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Dzieła pochodne (4% translated)" lang="pl" dir="ltr">polski</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/pt" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Obra derivada (18% translated)" lang="pt" dir="ltr">português</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/pt-br" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Trabalho derivado (42% translated)" lang="pt-BR" dir="ltr">português do Brasil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ro" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Lucrări derivate (18% translated)" lang="ro" dir="ltr">română</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/sk" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Odvodené diela (1% translated)" lang="sk" dir="ltr">slovenčina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/fi" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="Commons:Jälkiperäiset teokset (15% translated)" lang="fi" dir="ltr">suomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/sv" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Bearbetningar (1% translated)" lang="sv" dir="ltr">svenska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/cs" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="Commons:Odvozená díla (5% translated)" lang="cs" dir="ltr">čeština</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/be-tarask" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Вікісховішча:Вытворныя працы (81% translated)" lang="be-tarask" dir="ltr">беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ky" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--complete" title="Викиказына:Туунду чыгармалар (100% translated)" lang="ky" dir="ltr">кыргызча</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ru" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:Производные работы (81% translated)" lang="ru" dir="ltr">русский</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ar" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--low" title="كومنز:الأعمال المشتقة (7% translated)" lang="ar" dir="rtl">العربية</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/fa" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--med" title="ویکی‌انبار:آثار اشتقاقی (18% translated)" lang="fa" dir="rtl">فارسی</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/zh" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="共享资源:衍生作品 (82% translated)" lang="zh" dir="ltr">中文</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works/ja" class="mw-pt-progress mw-pt-progress--high" title="Commons:二次的著作物 (78% translated)" lang="ja" dir="ltr">日本語</a></li></ul></div> <p><span id="shortcut" class="coordinates" style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcuts</a>: <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:DW&redirect=no">COM:DW</a></span> • <span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:DERIV&redirect=no">COM:DERIV</a></span></span> </p> <div class="notice metadata notice-guideline" role="note" id="policy" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r726500274">.mw-parser-output .notice-guideline{align-items:center;border-top:2px solid #b3b3b3;border-bottom:2px solid #b3b3b3;display:flex;gap:1em;margin:10px;padding:7px}.mw-parser-output .notice-guideline[dir="rtl"]{direction:rtl}</style> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/40px-Commons_guideline.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/60px-Commons_guideline.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/11/Commons_guideline.png/80px-Commons_guideline.png 2x" data-file-width="460" data-file-height="460"/></span></span></div> <div> <p><b>This page is considered an <a href="/wiki/Commons:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Commons:Policies and guidelines">official guideline</a> on Wikimedia Commons.</b> </p><p>It illustrates standards or behaviors which most editors agree with in principle and generally follow. Feel free to update the page as needed, but please use the <a href="/wiki/Commons_talk:Derivative_works" title="Commons talk:Derivative works">discussion page</a> to propose major changes. </p> </div> </div> <div class="notice metadata" id="nutshell" style="border-top:2px solid #ddd; border-bottom:2px solid #ddd; margin:10px; padding:7px;"> <table style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:top;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/40px-Walnut.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/60px-Walnut.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Walnut.png/80px-Walnut.png 2x" data-file-width="192" data-file-height="192"/></span></span> </td> <td style="width:100%;"><b>This page in a nutshell:</b> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li>Unless you have authorization from the copyright holder, or in situations where this does not apply as described below, do not upload works derived from other non-free works onto Commons, or they will be deleted.</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="copyright-navbox" style="width:312px;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r356016536">.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox{float:right;box-sizing:content-box;width:282px;margin:5px 0 10px 10px;border:1px solid #72777d;padding:5px;background-color:white}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox-title{border:1px solid #72777d;border-bottom:none;padding:5px;background-color:#ccf;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox-caption{font-size:smaller}@media all and (max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox{float:none;width:auto!important;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox>div{float:none!important;width:auto!important}.mw-parser-output .copyright-navbox-images img{max-width:100%}}</style><div class="copyright-navbox-title" style="width:300px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Blue_copyright.svg/20px-Blue_copyright.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Blue_copyright.svg/30px-Blue_copyright.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Blue_copyright.svg/40px-Blue_copyright.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="197" data-file-height="197"/></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules" title="Commons:Copyright rules">Copyright rules</a></div><div style="width:300px;text-align:center; line-height:normal; float:none; border:1px solid gray; font-size:smaller; margin-bottom:5px; padding:5px;background:#f8f8f8;"> <div class="hlist hlist-separated"><ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter" title="Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Copyright rules by subject matter</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Copyright rules by territory</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Commons:Copyright tags">Copyright tags</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Cheque" title="Commons:Cheque">Cheque</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Commissioned_works" title="Commons:Commissioned works">Commissioned works</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Currency" title="Commons:Currency">Currency</a></span></li><li><i><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:De_minimis" title="Commons:De minimis">De minimis</a></span></i></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Derivative works</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Commons:Freedom of panorama">Freedom of panorama</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Government_works" title="Commons:Government works">Government works</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Stamps" title="Commons:Stamps">Stamps</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Commons:Threshold of originality">Threshold of originality</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Unprotected_works" title="Commons:Unprotected works">Unprotected works</a></span></li><li><span style="white-space:nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-signature_tag" title="Commons:When to use the PD-signature tag">When to use the PD-signature tag</a></span></li></ul></div> </div><div class="copyright-navbox-images"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Decision tree for derivative works on Wikimedia Commons. Note: incomplete simplification; exceptions exist."><img alt="Decision tree for derivative works on Wikimedia Commons. Note: incomplete simplification; exceptions exist." src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg/312px-Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg.png" decoding="async" width="312" height="514" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg/468px-Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg.png 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg/624px-Derivative_Works_Decision_Tree.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="820" data-file-height="1350"/></a></span><div class="copyright-navbox-caption">Decision tree for derivative works on Wikimedia Commons. Note: incomplete simplification; exceptions exist.</div></div></div> <p>Many creative works are derivative works of something else, entitled to their own copyright. A derivative work is one which is not only based on a previous work, but which also contains sufficient new, creative content to entitle it to its own copyright. However, if the underlying work is still copyright protected, the original copyright holder must also license the underlying work for reuse. In other words, a derivative work is not merely a work that is "based on" another work, a derivative work is considered a new work because of some significant amount of additional creativity that went into its production— all subsequent works based on another, previous work but lacking substantial new creative content are merely considered copies of that work and are entitled to no new copyright protection as a result and should not be referred to as "derivative works", as this has a very specific meaning in copyright law. </p><p>In either case, unless the underlying work is in the <a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing#PUBDOMAT" title="Commons:Licensing">public domain</a> or there is evidence that the underlying work has been freely licensed for reuse (for example, under an appropriate <a href="/wiki/Commons:Creative_Commons_copyright_tags" title="Commons:Creative Commons copyright tags">Creative Commons license</a>), the original creator of the work must explicitly authorize the copy/ derivative work before it can be uploaded to Commons. </p><p>In summary: you cannot trace someone else's copyrighted creative drawing and upload that tracing to Commons under a new, free license because a tracing is a copy without new creative content; likewise, you cannot make a movie version of a book you just read without the permission of the author, even if you added substantial creative new material to the storyline, because the movie requires the original book author's permission— if such permission were obtained, however, the movie would likely then be considered a derivative work entitled to its own novel copyright protection. "Derivative", in this sense, does not simply mean "derived from", it means, "derived from and including new creative content which is entitled to a new copyright." <span id="WHAT"></span> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#What_is_a_derivative_work?"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">What is a derivative work?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera,_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the_picture._Can't_I_license_it_any_way_I_choose?_Why_do_I_have_to_worry_about_other_copyright_holders?"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">If I take a picture of an object with my own camera, I hold the copyright to the picture. Can't I license it any way I choose? Why do I have to worry about other copyright holders?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy,_does_Disney_own_the_copyright_in_the_photo_since_they_own_the_Pooh_design?"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">If I take a photograph of a kid who is holding a stuffed Winnie the Pooh toy, does Disney own the copyright in the photo since they own the Pooh design?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#Isn't_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone?_What_about_cars?_Or_kitchen_chairs?_My_computer_case?"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">Isn't every product copyrighted by someone? What about cars? Or kitchen chairs? My computer case?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Text"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Text</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#I_know_that_I_can't_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_(like_paintings_and_statues),_but_what_about_toys?_Toys_are_not_art!"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">I know that I can't upload photos of copyrighted art (like paintings and statues), but what about toys? Toys are not art!</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-7"><a href="#But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn't_commercial!_And_what_about_fair_use?"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">But Wikimedia Commons isn't commercial! And what about fair use?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pokémon_without_pictures?"><span class="tocnumber">8</span> <span class="toctext">But how can we illustrate topics like Star Wars or Pokémon without pictures?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works?"><span class="tocnumber">9</span> <span class="toctext">What about images of copyrighted characters in public domain works?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#I've_never_heard_about_this_before!_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation?"><span class="tocnumber">10</span> <span class="toctext">I've never heard about this before! Is this some kind of creative interpretation?</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#Casebook"><span class="tocnumber">11</span> <span class="toctext">Casebook</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-12"><a href="#Tagging_non-free_derivative_works"><span class="tocnumber">12</span> <span class="toctext">Tagging non-free derivative works</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-13"><a href="#Derivatives_of_Free_works"><span class="tocnumber">13</span> <span class="toctext">Derivatives of Free works</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-14"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">14</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-15"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">15</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-16"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">16</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_is_a_derivative_work?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_is_a_derivative_work?"><span id="What_is_a_derivative_work.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_is_a_derivative_work?"></span>What is a derivative work?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_is_a_derivative_work?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: What is a derivative work?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg/220px-Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg/330px-Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg 1.5x, https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg/440px-Venus_de_Milo_edited.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1310" data-file-height="1465"/></a><figcaption>This photograph of the <a href="/wiki/Venus_de_Milo" class="mw-redirect" title="Venus de Milo">Venus de Milo</a> is a derivative work (the statue of Venus de Milo is considered the underlying work): the artist is known to have died more than 100 years ago, so the statue is in the <a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing" title="Commons:Licensing">public domain</a> — no copyright problems here provided that the author of the photograph (which is the derivative work) releases the copyright under a suitable license.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Derivative_work" class="extiw" title="w:en:Derivative work">Derivative works</a>, according to the U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, Section 101, are defined as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-USCA1976-101_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USCA1976-101-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <dl><dd>"A 'derivative work' is a work based upon one or more pre-existing works, such as a translation, musical arrangement, dramatization, fictionalization, motion picture version, sound recording, art reproduction, abridgment, condensation, or any other form in which a work may be recast, transformed, or adapted. A work consisting of editorial revisions, annotations, elaborations, or other modifications, which, as a whole, represent an original work of authorship, is a 'derivative work'".</dd></dl> <p>In short, all transfers of a creative, copyrightable work into a new medium (i.e., from book to movie) as well as all other modifications of a work whose outcome is a new, creatively original work (e.g., from Shakespearean play into a modern rendition of a Shakespearean play with new wording or characters) are considered derivative works entitled to their own, new copyrights. Who is allowed to create such works? According to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#106">U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, Section 106</a>: </p> <dl><dd>"(T)he owner of copyright under this title has the exclusive rights to do and to authorize any of the following: (...) (2) to prepare derivative works based upon the copyrighted work".</dd></dl> <p>Unlike an exact copy or minor variation of a work (e.g. the same book with a different title), which would be considered a mere copy and would not result in a new copyright, a derivative work creates a new copyright on all original aspects of the new version. Thus, for example, the creator of <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:The_Annotated_Hobbit" class="extiw" title="w:en:The Annotated Hobbit">The Annotated Hobbit</a></i> holds a copyright on all of the notes and commentary he wrote, but not on the original text of <i><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:The_Hobbit" class="extiw" title="w:en:The Hobbit">The Hobbit</a></i>, which is also included in the book, the copyright to which is owned by the Tolkien Estate. The original Estate copyright still holds, and then the annotations also acquire a new and independent copyright of their own. Likewise, the corporation that holds the copyright to Darth Vader (i.e., Walt Disney) has the exclusive right to create or authorize any derivative works of that character, including photographs or drawings of him which portray him in novel and creative ways, since (as court decisions put it) that is one aspect of the copyright holder's work that they might want to exploit commercially. In the same manner, anyone can make a movie based on The Bible, and may make their own movie called "The Ten Commandments" based on the Biblical chapter <i>Exodus</i>, but may not make a new version of the 1956 film, "The Ten Commandments", even with substantial new creative input, without getting permission of Paramount Pictures (the copyright holder).<span id="depictobject_ownpic"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera,_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the_picture._Can't_I_license_it_any_way_I_choose?_Why_do_I_have_to_worry_about_other_copyright_holders?" data-mw-thread-id="h-If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera,_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the"><span id="If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera.2C_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the_picture._Can.27t_I_license_it_any_way_I_choose.3F_Why_do_I_have_to_worry_about_other_copyright_holders.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera,_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the"></span>If I take a picture of an object with my own camera, I hold the copyright to the picture. Can't I license it any way I choose? Why do I have to worry about other copyright holders?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera,_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: If I take a picture of an object with my own camera, I hold the copyright to the picture. Can't I license it any way I choose? Why do I have to worry about other copyright holders?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>By taking a picture with a copyrighted cartoon character on a T-shirt as its main subject, for example, the photographer creates a new, copyrighted work (the photograph), but the rights of the cartoon character's creator still affect the resulting photograph. Such a photograph could not be published without the consent of both copyright holders: the photographer and the cartoonist. </p><p>It does not matter if a drawing of a copyrighted character's likeness is created entirely by the uploader without any other reference than the uploader's memory. A non-free copyrighted work simply cannot be rendered free without the consent of the copyright holder, not by photographing, nor drawing, nor sculpting (but see <a href="/wiki/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Commons:Freedom of panorama">Commons:Freedom of panorama</a>). </p><p>Locations such as theme parks usually allow photography and sometimes even encourage it even though items of copyrighted artwork will almost certainly be included in visitors' photos. Such policies, however, do not automatically mean that such photos can be distributed under a public domain dedication or a free content license; the intent of a venue allowing photography may be to facilitate photography for personal usage and/or non-commercial sharing on social networking sites, for example. (See <a href="/wiki/Commons_talk:Derivative_works#Images_of_Mickey_Mouse_and_other_trademarked_characters" title="Commons talk:Derivative works">this discussion</a>.) Also, the legal concept of <a href="/wiki/Commons:De_minimis" title="Commons:De minimis">de minimis</a> can apply in such a setting: if the subject of your theme park photograph is your daughter eating an ice cream but someone in a Mickey Mouse costume can be seen in the background, this is not considered infringement nor a derivative work so long as it is clear from the photograph that you are interested in the girl and the frozen treat rather than the oversized rodent, and you may even market that image commercially (though you must be sure that Mickey really is "de minimis" and his presence must not make that image more useful, more interesting, or more marketable than it would be without him). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy,_does_Disney_own_the_copyright_in_the_photo_since_they_own_the_Pooh_design?" data-mw-thread-id="h-If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy,_do"><span id="If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy.2C_does_Disney_own_the_copyright_in_the_photo_since_they_own_the_Pooh_design.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy,_do"></span>If I take a photograph of a kid who is holding a stuffed Winnie the Pooh toy, does Disney own the copyright in the photo since they own the Pooh design?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy,_do"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: If I take a photograph of a kid who is holding a stuffed Winnie the Pooh toy, does Disney own the copyright in the photo since they own the Pooh design?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>No. Disney does not hold the copyright on the photo. There are two different copyrights to be taken into account, that of the photographer (concerning the photo) and that of Disney (the toy). You have to keep those apart. Ask yourself: Can the photo be used as an illustration for "Winnie the Pooh"? Am I trying to get around restrictions for two-dimensional pictures of Pooh by using a photo of a toy? If so, then it is not allowed. </p><p>Be aware, though, that Disney's protection strategy both relies on author's right (artistic property) and trade mark (extended to protect a design). The actual legal analysis would be more subtle in that case. While Disney does not hold a copyright on the photo, there may be an infringement on Disney's copyright of Pooh by virtue of copying via the photograph. As virtually all photography is considered to involve at least a modicum of creativity on the part of the photographer, in fact you may have created a derivative work without permission. <span id="UTILITY"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Isn't_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone?_What_about_cars?_Or_kitchen_chairs?_My_computer_case?" data-mw-thread-id="h-Isn't_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone?_What_about_cars?_Or_kitchen_chairs?"><span id="Isn.27t_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone.3F_What_about_cars.3F_Or_kitchen_chairs.3F_My_computer_case.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Isn't_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone?_What_about_cars?_Or_kitchen_chairs?"></span>Isn't every product copyrighted by someone? What about cars? Or kitchen chairs? My computer case?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Isn't_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone?_What_about_cars?_Or_kitchen_chairs?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Isn't every product copyrighted by someone? What about cars? Or kitchen chairs? My computer case?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r927745239">.mw-parser-output .shortcut2{float:right;margin:0.4em;border:1px solid var(--border-color-subtle,#c8ccd1);background-color:var(--background-color-base,#fff);color:var(--color-base,#202122);padding:0 1em;text-align:center;font-size:85%;border-radius:4px}</style><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcut</a><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r574572692">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:UA&redirect=no">COM:UA</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p>No. There are special provisions in US copyright law to exempt utility articles to a wide degree from copyright protection: </p> <div style="border:1px solid black; margin:2em; padding:1em;"> <p>The second part of the amendment states that </p> <dl><dd>"the design of a useful article [...] shall be considered a pictorial, graphic, or sculptural work only if, and only to the extent that, such design incorporates pictorial, graphic, or sculptural features that can be identified separately from, and are capable of existing independently of, the utilitarian aspects of the article."</dd></dl> <p>A "useful article" is defined as "an article having an intrinsic utilitarian function that is not merely to portray the appearance of the article or to convey information." This part of the amendment is an adaptation of language added to the Copyright Office Regulations in the mid-1950's in an effort to implement the Supreme Court's decision in the Mazer case. </p><p>In adopting this amendatory language, the Committee is seeking to draw as clear a line as possible between copyrightable works of applied art and non-copyrighted works of industrial design. A two-dimensional painting, drawing, or graphic work is still capable of being identified as such when it is printed on or applied to utilitarian articles such as textile fabrics, wallpaper, containers, and the like. The same is true when a statue or carving is used to embellish an industrial product or, as in the Mazer case, is incorporated into a product without losing its ability to exist independently as a work of art. On the other hand, although the shape of an industrial product may be aesthetically satisfying and valuable, the Committee's intention is not to offer it copyright protection under the bill. Unless the shape of an automobile, airplane, ladies' dress, food processor, television set, or any other industrial product contains some element that, physically or conceptually, can be identified as separable from the utilitarian aspects of that article, the design would not be copyrighted under the bill. </p><p>The test of separability and independence from "the utilitarian aspects of the article" does not depend upon the nature of the design—that is, even if the appearance of an article is determined by aesthetic (as opposed to functional) considerations, only elements, if any, which can be identified separately from the useful article as such are copyrightable. And, even if the three-dimensional design contains some such element (for example, a carving on the back of a chair or a floral relief design on silver flatware), copyright protection would extend only to that element, and would not cover the overall configuration of the utilitarian article as such. </p> <dl><dd>From Cornell University Law School <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/102?qt-us_code_temp_noupdates=1#qt-us_code_temp_noupdates"><i>notes on US Code 17 § 102</i></a>; content primarily taken from a U.S. Government work</dd> <dd>Note that while the commentary above was apparently written while some language was an amendment which had not then been enacted, it was subsequently enacted and can be found in 17 USC 101.</dd></dl> </div> <p>Sculptures, paintings, action figures, and (in many cases) toys and models do not have utilitarian aspects and therefore in the United States (where Commons is hosted) such objects are generally considered protected as copyrighted works of art. A toy airplane, for example, is mainly intended to portray the appearance of an airplane in a manner similar to that of a painting of an airplane.<sup id="cite_ref-NY_record_pearlman_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY_record_pearlman-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On the other hand, ordinary alarm clocks, dinner plates, gaming consoles— as well as actual, full-scale planes— are not generally copyrightable... though any design painted on the dinner plate would likely be subject to copyright protection, as would an alarm clock in the shape of Snoopy the dog. </p><p>It is possible for utilitarian objects to have aspects which are copyrightable, but there is no clear line in US law between works which are copyrightable and objects which are not.<sup id="cite_ref-Weinberg2013p9_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weinberg2013p9-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A white paper on copyright and 3D printing mentioned several US court rulings that were each about whether a functional object had artistic elements that were "physically or conceptually" separable from the object's functional aspects and therefore copyrightable. The whitepaper suggested a consideration for determining if specific elements of a utilitarian object are copyrightable under US law: if an object has non-functional elements, then those elements are more likely to be copyrightable if the design of the elements was not influenced by utilitarian pressures.<sup id="cite_ref-Weinberg2013_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weinberg2013-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Different countries may have different definitions: German law has a term called <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/de:Sch%C3%B6pfungsh%C3%B6he" class="extiw" title="w:de:Schöpfungshöhe">Schöpfungshöhe</a>, which is the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Threshold_of_originality" class="extiw" title="w:en:Threshold of originality">threshold of originality</a> required for copyright protection. In the vast majority of national jurisdictions, the level of originality required for copyright protection of works of applied arts does not differ from the one for the fine arts.<sup id="cite_ref-AIPPI_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIPPI-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is higher in Germany, Italy, Japan, Russia, Slovenia, and Switzerland.<sup id="cite_ref-AIPPI_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AIPPI-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-VSL0069492_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-VSL0069492-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There is no legal definition for this threshold, so one must use common sense and existing case law.<sup id="cite_ref-UNHc500_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UNHc500-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Instead of copyright protection, utilitarian objects are generally protected by <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Design_patent" class="extiw" title="w:en:Design patent">design patents</a>, which, depending on jurisdiction, may limit commercial use of depictions. However, patents and copyright are separate areas of law, and works uploaded to Commons are only required to be free with respect to copyright. Therefore, patents of this kind are not a matter of concern for Commons. </p><p>Photos of people in costumes of copyrighted characters may or may not be copyrighted.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See <a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter#Costumes_and_cosplay" title="Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter#Costumes and cosplay</a> for more information. These should be decided on a case-by-case basis using the separability test.<a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.copyrightcompendium.com/#505">[2]</a> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Text" data-mw-thread-id="h-Text"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Text"></span>Text<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Text"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Text"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is prohibited to copy text from non-free media like copyrighted books, articles or similar works. Information itself, however, is not copyrightable, and you are free to rewrite it in your own words. Quotations are allowed if they are limited in size and mention the source. <span id="TOYS"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="I_know_that_I_can't_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_(like_paintings_and_statues),_but_what_about_toys?_Toys_are_not_art!" data-mw-thread-id="h-I_know_that_I_can't_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_(like_paintings_and_statues"><span id="I_know_that_I_can.27t_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_.28like_paintings_and_statues.29.2C_but_what_about_toys.3F_Toys_are_not_art.21"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-I_know_that_I_can't_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_(like_paintings_and_statues"></span>I know that I can't upload photos of copyrighted art (like paintings and statues), but what about toys? Toys are not art!<span data-mw-comment-end="h-I_know_that_I_can't_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_(like_paintings_and_statues"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: I know that I can't upload photos of copyrighted art (like paintings and statues), but what about toys? Toys are not art!"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r927745239"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcuts</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r574572692"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:TOYS&redirect=no">COM:TOYS</a></span></li> <li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:TOY&redirect=no">COM:TOY</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p><span dir="ltr">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Toys_related_deletion_requests" title="Category:Toys related deletion requests">Category:Toys related deletion requests</a></span> Although the scope of copyright varies between countries, it is a misconception that copyright applies solely to "art". Instead, copyright typically applies to a larger variety of works; to use the United States, where WMF servers are located, as an example: copyright protection is available to “original works of authorship fixed in any tangible medium of expression”<sup id="cite_ref-USC102gen_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USC102gen-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Indeed, toys generally are original (owe their origin to an author), have authors (human creators), and are fixed in a tangible medium (wood, fabric, etc.) </p><p>The question, then, is whether toys are to be treated as vehicles and furniture: exempt from copyright protection on the basis of being <a href="#UTILITY">utilitarian objects</a>. Indeed, some countries, such as Japan,<sup id="cite_ref-Farby_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Farby-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> generally consider toys to be utilitarian objects and therefore ineligible for copyright. Other countries, such as the United States, however, do not consider toys to be utilitarian objects. Accordingly, paintings, statues and toys are all works subject to copyright whose photographs would require permission of the original creator to be hosted on the Commons. Just as you cannot upload pictures of a sculpture by Picasso, you cannot upload photographs of post-1928 Mickey Mouse or Pokémon figures. </p><p>The legal rationale in the United States has been established in numerous cases. "Gay Toys, Inc. versus Buddy L Corporation", for example, found "a toy airplane is to be played with and enjoyed, but a painting of an airplane, which is copyrightable, is to be looked at and enjoyed. Other than the portrayal of a real airplane, a toy airplane, like a painting, has no intrinsic utilitarian function."<sup id="cite_ref-GayvBuddy_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-GayvBuddy-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additional rulings have found, for example, "it is no longer subject to dispute that statues or models of animals or dolls are entitled to copyright protection"<sup id="cite_ref-BlazonvDeLuxe_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BlazonvDeLuxe-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and "There is no question but that stuffed toy animals are entitled to copyright protection."<sup id="cite_ref-DakinvAL_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-DakinvAL-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, dolls' clothing has been found to be copyrightable in the US on the grounds that it does not have a utilitarian function of providing protection from the elements or preserving modesty in the manner that clothing for humans does (the latter is a "useful article.")<sup id="cite_ref-NY_record_pearlman_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NY_record_pearlman-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Numerous lawsuits have shown that Mickey Mouse or Asterix have to be treated as works of art, which means they are subject to copyright, while a common spoon or a table are not works of art. Artistic elements of these items could be copyrighted, but only if it's separable from the utilitarian elements.<sup id="cite_ref-Public_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Public-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some toys are also too simple to meet the <a href="/wiki/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Commons:Threshold of originality">threshold of originality</a>, for example, the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Kong_Company" class="extiw" title="w:en:Kong Company">Kong dog toy</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-KongDesign_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-KongDesign-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "A toy model that is an exact replica of an automobile, airplane, train, or other useful article where no creative expression has been added to the existing design" is not eligible for copyright protection in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In other cases, the "separability" test may be needed (see <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Star_Athletica,_LLC_v._Varsity_Brands,_Inc." class="extiw" title="w:en:Star Athletica, LLC v. Varsity Brands, Inc.">Star Athletica, LLC v. Varsity Brands, Inc.</a>). <a href="/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests/File:Mus%C3%A9e_de_l%27%C3%A9rotisme_011.jpg" title="Commons:Deletion requests/File:Musée de l'érotisme 011.jpg">Consensus on Commons</a> has found that sex dolls are copyrightable, as their design elements are separable from their utilitarian function. </p><p>When uploading a picture of a toy, you must show that the toy is in the public domain in both the United States and in the source country of the toy. In the United States, copyright is granted for toys even if the toy is ineligible for copyright in the source country.<sup id="cite_ref-HasbrovSparkle_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HasbrovSparkle-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn't_commercial!_And_what_about_fair_use?" data-mw-thread-id="h-But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn't_commercial!_And_what_about_fair_use?"><span id="But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn.27t_commercial.21_And_what_about_fair_use.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn't_commercial!_And_what_about_fair_use?"></span>But Wikimedia Commons isn't commercial! And what about fair use?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn't_commercial!_And_what_about_fair_use?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: But Wikimedia Commons isn't commercial! And what about fair use?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wikimedia Commons is not a commercial project, but the <a href="/wiki/Commons:Project_scope" title="Commons:Project scope">project scope</a> requires that every single file be licensed for possible commercial reuse and be free of third-party copyrights. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Fair_use" class="extiw" title="w:en:Fair use">Fair use</a> arguments are <a href="/wiki/Commons:Fair_use" title="Commons:Fair use">not allowed on Commons</a>. "Fair use" is a difficult legal exception that exists only for pictures that are used in a certain limited context; it is never applicable to entire databases of copyrighted material. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pokémon_without_pictures?" data-mw-thread-id="h-But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pokémon_without_pictures?"><span id="But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pok.C3.A9mon_without_pictures.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pokémon_without_pictures?"></span>But how can we illustrate topics like Star Wars or Pokémon without pictures?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pokémon_without_pictures?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: But how can we illustrate topics like Star Wars or Pokémon without pictures?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Admittedly, it may be difficult or even impossible to illustrate such articles. However, the articles can still be written. Their lack of illustrations will not affect the vitality of Wikimedia's projects, and there are plenty of topics with opportunities to create illustrations which do not violate third-party copyrights. Even your own drawing of Pikachu cannot be published under a free license. </p><p><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/special:mylanguage/Fair_use#Allowed" class="extiw" title="meta:special:mylanguage/Fair use">Some Wikimedia projects</a> allow non-free works (including derivatives of non-free works) to be uploaded locally under <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Fair_use" class="extiw" title="w:en:Fair use">fair use</a> provisions. The situations in which this is permitted are strictly limited. It is vital to consult the policies and guidelines of the project in question before attempting to invoke fair use claims.<span id="CHARAC"></span> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works?" data-mw-thread-id="h-What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works?"><span id="What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works?"></span>What about images of copyrighted characters in public domain works?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works?"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: What about images of copyrighted characters in public domain works?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="shortcut2" style=""><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r927745239"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Shortcuts" title="Commons:Shortcuts">Shortcuts</a><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r574572692"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:CHARACTER&redirect=no">COM:CHARACTER</a></span></li> <li><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:CHAR&redirect=no">COM:CHAR</a></span></li></ul> </div></div> <p>Sometimes individual works featuring copyrighted characters (such as <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Winnie-the-Pooh" class="extiw" title="w:Winnie-the-Pooh">Winnie the Pooh</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mickey_Mouse" class="extiw" title="w:Mickey Mouse">Mickey Mouse</a> or <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sherlock_Holmes" class="extiw" title="w:Sherlock Holmes">Sherlock Holmes</a>) enter the public domain. Only aspects of the character that appear in the public domain work may be used to create a new derivative work. Aspects of the character that appear in works under an active copyright are still protected. For instance in Warner Bros. v. AVELA a promotional poster for the movie <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Wizard_of_Oz_(1939_film)" class="extiw" title="w:The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)">The Wizard of Oz</a> was never copyrighted. A t-shirt company combined the public domain images from the poster with catchphrases from the 1939 film that was still under an active copyright. The court ruled that only the images were public domain and that combining them with the copyrighted catchphrases created a new work that infringed Warner Bros. active copyright for the film.<sup id="cite_ref-WarnervAVELA_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WarnervAVELA-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> See also: <a href="/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests/File:%22Appreciate_America._Come_On_Gang._All_Out_for_Uncle_Sam%22_(Mickey_Mouse)%22_-_NARA_-_513869.tif" title="Commons:Deletion requests/File:"Appreciate America. Come On Gang. All Out for Uncle Sam" (Mickey Mouse)" - NARA - 513869.tif">Commons:Deletion requests/File:"Appreciate America. Come On Gang. All Out for Uncle Sam" (Mickey Mouse)" - NARA - 513869.tif</a> for additional court rulings. Derivative representations of characters are protected by copyright law in the United States until the original work that created the character is no longer copyrighted.<sup id="cite_ref-WarnervAVELA_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WarnervAVELA-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This protection is separate from trademark protection. See <a href="/wiki/Commons:Character_copyrights" title="Commons:Character copyrights">Commons:Character copyrights</a> for information on the copyright status of specific characters. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="I've_never_heard_about_this_before!_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation?" data-mw-thread-id="h-I've_never_heard_about_this_before!_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation"><span id="I.27ve_never_heard_about_this_before.21_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation.3F"></span><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-I've_never_heard_about_this_before!_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation"></span>I've never heard about this before! Is this some kind of creative interpretation?<span data-mw-comment-end="h-I've_never_heard_about_this_before!_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: I've never heard about this before! Is this some kind of creative interpretation?"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Actually, no. Photographs of, say, modern art statues or paintings cannot be uploaded either, and people accept that. If we accept the legal standard that comic figures and action figures can be considered as art and thus are copyrighted, we are just applying the standard rule here. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Casebook" data-mw-thread-id="h-Casebook"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Casebook"></span>Casebook<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Casebook"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Casebook"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><span dir="ltr">See also: <a href="/wiki/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter" title="Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter</a></span>. </p><p>How does this guideline concern the selection of images that are allowed on Wikimedia Commons? </p> <ul><li>Comic figures and action figures: No photographs, drawings, paintings or any other copies/derivative works of these are allowed (as long as the original is not in the <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/en:Public_domain" class="extiw" title="w:en:Public domain">public domain</a>). No pictures are allowed of items which are derivatives from copyrighted figures themselves, like dolls, action figures, T-shirts, printed bags, ashtrays etc.</li> <li>Paintings with frames: Paintings that are in the public domain are generally allowed (see <a href="/wiki/Commons:Licensing" title="Commons:Licensing">Commons:Licensing</a>). Frames are 3-dimensional objects, so the photo may be copyrighted. Remember: Always provide the original creator's name, birth and death date and the time of creation, if you can! If you do not know, give as much source information as possible (source link, place of publication etc.). Other volunteers must be able to verify the copyright status. Furthermore, the moral rights of the original creator—which include the right to be named as the author—are perpetual in some countries. In either case you need permission from the author to create a derivative work. Without such permission any art you create based on their work is legally considered an unlicensed copy owned by the original author (taking from another web site is not allowed without their permission).</li> <li>Cave paintings: Cave walls are usually not flat, but three-dimensional. The same goes for antique vases and other uneven or rough surfaces. This could mean that photographs of such media can be copyrighted, even if the cave painting is in the public domain. (We are looking for case studies here!) Old frescoes and other paintings on flat surfaces in the public domain should be fine, as long as they are reproduced as two-dimensional artworks.</li> <li>Photographs of buildings and artworks in public spaces: Those are derivative works, but they may be OK, if the artwork is permanently installed (which means, it is there to stay, not to be removed after a certain time), and in some countries if you are on public ground while taking the picture. Check <a href="/wiki/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Commons:Freedom of panorama">Commons:Freedom of panorama</a>. If your country has a liberal policy on this exception and learn more about freedom of panorama. Note that in most countries, freedom of panorama does not cover two-dimensional artworks such as murals.</li> <li>Replicas of artworks: Exact replicas (even poor ones) of public domain works, like tourist souvenirs of the Venus de Milo, cannot attract any new copyright as they do not have the required originality. Hence, photographs of such items can be treated just like photographs of the artwork itself.</li> <li>Photographs of three-dimensional objects: always copyrighted, even if the object itself is in the public domain. If you did not take the photograph yourself, you need permission from the owner of the photographic copyright (unless of course the photograph itself is in the public domain).</li> <li>Images of characters/objects/scenes in books: subject to any copyright on the book itself. You cannot freely create and distribute a drawing of Albus Dumbledore any more than you could distribute your own Harry Potter movie. In either case you need permission from the author to create a derivative work. Without such permission any art you create based on their work is legally considered an unlicensed copy owned by the original author.</li> <li>Fan art: See <a href="/wiki/Commons:Fan_art" title="Commons:Fan art">Commons:Fan art</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Tagging_non-free_derivative_works" data-mw-thread-id="h-Tagging_non-free_derivative_works"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Tagging_non-free_derivative_works"></span>Tagging non-free derivative works<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Tagging_non-free_derivative_works"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Tagging non-free derivative works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>If you come across derivative works of non-free works on Commons, tag them with <a href="/wiki/Commons:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion#F3" title="Commons:Criteria for speedy deletion"><code>{{SD|F3}}</code></a> for speedy deletion. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="Derivatives_of_Free_works" data-mw-thread-id="h-Derivatives_of_Free_works"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-Derivatives_of_Free_works"></span>Derivatives of Free works<span data-mw-comment-end="h-Derivatives_of_Free_works"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Derivatives of Free works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In general, derivatives of free works (such as described in <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Collages" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Collages">Commons:Collages</a>, but also any related work that modifies it) are usually allowed. However, there must be compatible licensing used. For Creative Commons licenses, see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/share-your-work/licensing-considerations/compatible-licenses/">Compatible Licenses</a>: </p> <ul><li>Adapting works licensed under CC BY-SA version 2 or higher can be re-licensed under the same or higher version of CC BY-SA (e.g. a derivative of a CC BY-SA 3 work could be either 3, 4, or both).</li> <li>Adapting works licensed under CC BY-SA version 1 must be re-licensed as CC BY-SA 1.</li> <li>Adapting works licensed under CC BY licenses can either use the original version or later versions of CC BY, or included in CC BY-SA (see <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/faq/#can-i-include-a-work-licensed-with-cc-by-in-a-wikipedia-article-even-though-they-use-a-cc-by-sa-license">"Can I include a work licensed with CC BY in a Wikipedia article even though they use a CC BY-SA license?"</a>)</li> <li>If you're making a derivative of something else you yourself made, you can simplify this by <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Multi-licensing" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Multi-licensing">Multi-licensing</a> your earlier upload under more licenses. (So if you had a version 1 CC license, you can just go back and add a version 4 license, which simplifies things greatly.)</li> <li>Adapting public domain or CC0 material means you have full freedom in picking a license for a derivative work.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="See_also" data-mw-thread-id="h-See_also"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-See_also"></span>See also<span data-mw-comment-end="h-See_also"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Collages" title="Commons:Collages">Collages</a> are combinations of multiple images arranged into a single image</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Commons:Screenshots" title="Commons:Screenshots">Screenshots</a> are a type of derivative work</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="References" data-mw-thread-id="h-References"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-References"></span>References<span data-mw-comment-end="h-References"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-USCA1976-101-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-USCA1976-101_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/title17/92chap1.html#101">U.S. Copyright Act of 1976, Section 101</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-04-17">2019-04-17</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NY_record_pearlman-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-NY_record_pearlman_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NY_record_pearlman_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Pearlman, Rachel (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2012-09-17">2012-09-17</span>). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nydailyrecord.com/blog/2012/09/17/ip-frontiers-from-planes-to-dolls-copyright-challenges-in-the-toy-industry/">IP Frontiers: From planes to dolls: Copyright challenges in the toy industry</a>. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NY_Daily_Record" class="extiw" title="w:NY Daily Record">NY Daily Record</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2014-06-21">2014-06-21</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weinberg2013p9-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Weinberg2013p9_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Weinberg, Michael (January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicknowledge.org/files/What's%20the%20Deal%20with%20Copyright_%20Final%20version2.pdf">What's the Deal with Copyright and 3D Printing?</a> 9. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Knowledge" class="extiw" title="w:Public Knowledge">Public Knowledge</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-09-22">2016-09-22</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weinberg2013-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Weinberg2013_4-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Weinberg, Michael (January 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.publicknowledge.org/files/What's%20the%20Deal%20with%20Copyright_%20Final%20version2.pdf">What's the Deal with Copyright and 3D Printing?</a> 13. <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Public_Knowledge" class="extiw" title="w:Public Knowledge">Public Knowledge</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2016-09-22">2016-09-22</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AIPPI-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-AIPPI_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AIPPI_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aippi.fr/upload/Seoul_2012/sumrep_q231_final_e_260912.pdf">Summary Report: The Interplay Between Design and Copyright Protection for Industrial Products</a> 4–5. AIPPI.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-VSL0069492-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-VSL0069492_6-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sodisce.si/vsrs/odlocitve/2012032113042606/">VSL0069492</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2013-10-29">29 October 2013</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UNHc500-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-UNHc500_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ipmall.law.unh.edu/content/compendium-ii-copyright-office-practices-chapter-500">Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices - Chapter 500</a>. University of New Hampshire School of Law.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-8">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Deletion_requests/Images_of_costumes_tagged_as_copyvios_by_AnimeFan#Comment_by_Mike_Godwin" title="Commons:Deletion requests/Images of costumes tagged as copyvios by AnimeFan">Commons:Deletion requests/Images of costumes tagged as copyvios by AnimeFan#Comment by Mike Godwin</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-USC102gen-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-USC102gen_9-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/uscode/text/17/102">17 U.S. Code § 102. Subject matter of copyright: In general</a>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-04-17">2019-04-17</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Farby-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Farby_10-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.courts.go.jp/app/files/hanrei_jp/650/004650_hanrei.pdf">"Farby" doll is judged not to be a work of art</a>. Sendai High Court (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2002-07-09">9 July 2002</span>). Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-04-17">2019-04-17</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-GayvBuddy-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-GayvBuddy_11-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">(<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/F2/703/970/11866/">Gay Toys, Inc. v. Buddy L Corporation, 703 F.2d 970 (6th Cir. 1983)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BlazonvDeLuxe-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-BlazonvDeLuxe_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leagle.com/decision/1965684268FSupp416_1615/BLAZON,%20INC.%20v.%20DeLUXE%20GAME%20CORP.">Blazon, Inc. v. DeLuxe Game Corp., 268 F. Supp. 416 (S.D.N.Y. 1965)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-DakinvAL-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-DakinvAL_13-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.leagle.com/decision/19781524444FSupp1080_11354">R. Dakin & Co. v. A & L Novelty Co., Inc., 444 F. Supp. 1080, 1083-84 (E.D.N.Y. 1978)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Public-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Public_14-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.publicdomainsherpa.com/public-domain-maps.html">[1]</a> Public domain maps]. <i>Public Domain Sherpa</i>. Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-04-17">2019-04-17</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-KongDesign-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-KongDesign_15-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ipmall.law.unh.edu/sites/default/files/hosted_resources/CopyrightAppeals/2013/KongDesign.pdf">Kong Design</a> (<span class="mw-formatted-date" title="0213-09-20">20 September 213</span>). Retrieved on <span class="mw-formatted-date" title="2019-04-17">2019-04-17</span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://copyright.gov/comp3/chap300/ch300-copyrightable-authorship.pdf">Compendium III § 313.4(A)</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HasbrovSparkle-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-HasbrovSparkle_17-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.law.cornell.edu/copyright/cases/780_F2d_189.htm">HASBRO BRADLEY, INC. v. SPARKLE TOYS, INC., 780 F.2d 189 (2nd Cir. 1985)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-WarnervAVELA-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <a href="#cite_ref-WarnervAVELA_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-WarnervAVELA_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://law.justia.com/cases/federal/appellate-courts/ca8/10-1743/101743p-2011-07-05.html">Warner Bros. v. AVELA</a> (2011).</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 ext-discussiontools-init-section"><h2 id="External_links" data-mw-thread-id="h-External_links"><span data-mw-comment-start="" id="h-External_links"></span>External links<span data-mw-comment-end="h-External_links"></span></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dt>Case studies</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://casetext.com/case/ty-inc-v-publications-international-5">https://casetext.com/case/ty-inc-v-publications-international-5</a> (Citing a court case in which photographs of Beanie Baby dolls are treated as derivative works)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.benedict.com/visual/batman/batman">http://www.benedict.com/visual/batman/batman</a> (Citing a court case in which Warner Bros was accused of copyright infringement for filming a statue inside a building)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://lawspace.stmarytx.edu/files/original/Gorman.pdf">http://lawspace.stmarytx.edu/files/original/Gorman.pdf</a> (Eric D. Gorman: How to determine whether appropriation art is transformative “fair use” or morely an unauthorized derivative?)</li></ul> <dl><dt>Other useful sites</dt></dl> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lumendatabase.org/topics/16">Derivative Works :: Topics :: Lumen (formerly Chilling Effects)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200729235900/http://docs.law.gwu.edu/facweb/claw/lhooq0.htm">L.H.O.O.Q.--Internet-Related Derivative Works</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ14.pdf">US Copyright Office Circular 14 - Copyright in Derivative Works and Compilations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ipmall.law.unh.edu/content/compendium-ii-copyright-office-practices-chapter-500">Compendium II: Copyright Office Practices - Chapter 500</a> (What's copyrightable and what's not in the area of visual arts)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.copyright.org.au/">Australian Copyright Council's Online Information Centre</a> has many downloadable guides covering aspects of copyright.</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" lang="en" dir="ltr" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="View this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</span></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Commons_policies_and_guidelines" title="Template talk:Commons policies and guidelines"><span title="Discuss this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">t</span></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Template:Commons_policies_and_guidelines&action=edit"><span title="Edit this template" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</span></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wikimedia_Commons_policies_and_guidelines" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Wikimedia Commons <a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Policies_and_guidelines" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Policies and guidelines">policies and guidelines</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_policies" title="Category:Commons policies">Policies</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Project</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General_disclaimer" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:General disclaimer">General disclaimer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope">Project scope</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Allowable_file_types" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Allowable file types">Allowable file types</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Evidence" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Evidence">Evidence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Neutral_point_of_view" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Neutral point of view">Neutral point of view</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Precautionary_principle" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Precautionary principle">Precautionary principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project_scope/Pages,_galleries_and_categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Project scope/Pages, galleries and categories">Pages, galleries and categories</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use_of_gender_neutral_language" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Use of gender neutral language">Use of gender neutral language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Licensing">Licensing policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De_minimis" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:De minimis">De minimis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair_use" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fair use">Fair use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-Art_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-Art tag">When to use the PD-Art tag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Deletion policy">Deletion policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria_for_speedy_deletion" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Criteria for speedy deletion">Criteria for speedy deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision_deletion" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Revision deletion">Revision deletion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Language policy">Language policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Categories">Category policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Blocking policy">Blocking policy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Protection policy">Page protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators/De-adminship">De-adminship</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid_contribution_disclosure_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Paid contribution disclosure policy">Paid contribution disclosure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation_administrators/Policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Translation administrators/Policy">Translation administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Signatures">Signatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username_policy" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Username policy">Username policy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_guidelines" title="Category:Commons guidelines">Guidelines</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Content</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What_Commons_is_not" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:What Commons is not">What Commons is not</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright_restrictions" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Non-copyright restrictions">Non-copyright restrictions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan_art" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Fan art">Fan art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Nudity">Nudity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs_of_identifiable_people" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Photographs of identifiable people">Photographs of identifiable people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When_to_use_the_PD-scan_tag" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:When to use the PD-scan tag">When to use the PD-scan tag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Galleries">Galleries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image_annotations" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Image annotations">Using ImageAnnotator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_naming" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File naming">File naming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File_renaming" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:File renaming">File renaming</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting_existing_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Overwriting existing files">Overwriting existing files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered_old_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Grandfathered old files">Grandfathered old files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated_media" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:AI-generated media">AI-generated media</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Behaviour</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume_good_faith" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Assume good faith">Assume good faith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft_trolling" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyleft trolling">Copyleft trolling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership_of_pages_and_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Ownership of pages and files">Ownership of pages and files</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk_page_guidelines" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Talk page guidelines">Talk page guidelines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific_galleries,_templates_and_categories" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:User-specific galleries, templates and categories">User-specific galleries, templates and categories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Administrators">Administrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Vandalism">Vandalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Rollback">Rollback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Patrol">Patrol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_licensing_help" title="Category:Commons licensing help">Licensing help</a><br/>(<a href="/wiki/Commons:Village_pump/Copyright" title="Commons:Village pump/Copyright">Village pump</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing_a_license" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Choosing a license">Choosing a license</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules">Copyright rules</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_subject_matter" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by subject matter">Copyright rules by subject matter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_rules_by_territory" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright rules by territory">Copyright rules by territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright_tags" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Copyright tags">Copyright tags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:PD_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:PD files">PD files</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Copyright principles</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold_of_originality" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Threshold of originality">Threshold of originality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative_works" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Derivative works">Derivative works</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:2D_copying" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:2D copying">2D copying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Screenshots">Screenshots</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom_of_panorama" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Freedom of panorama">Freedom of panorama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored_copyrights" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:URAA-restored copyrights">URAA-restored copyrights</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Using files</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing_content_outside_Wikimedia" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reusing content outside Wikimedia">Reusing content outside Wikimedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Credit_line" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Credit line">Credit line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reuse_of_PD-Art_photographs" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Reuse of PD-Art photographs">Reuse of PD-Art photographs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:How_to_detect_copyright_violations" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:How to detect copyright violations">How to detect<br/>copyright violations</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License_laundering" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License laundering">License laundering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Problematic_sources" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Problematic sources">Problematic sources</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Flickr_files" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Flickr files">Flickr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Bad_sources" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Bad sources">Bad sources</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License_review" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:License review">License review</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/" class="extiw" title="wmf:">WMF</a> policies</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:auto;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Privacy_policy" class="extiw" title="wmf:Special:MyLanguage/Privacy policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li><a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Office_actions" class="extiw" title="m:Special:MyLanguage/Office actions">Office actions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Community_portal" title="Special:MyLanguage/Commons:Community portal">Community portal</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents">Help contents</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&oldid=906559573">https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&oldid=906559573</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Special:Categories" title="Special:Categories">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_licensing_help" title="Category:Commons licensing help">Commons licensing help</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-user-shown">Hidden category: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Commons_guidelines" title="Category:Commons guidelines">Commons guidelines</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-navigation"> <h2>Navigation menu</h2> <div id="mw-head"> <nav id="p-personal" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal vector-user-menu-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-personal-label" > <h3 id="p-personal-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Personal tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-uls" class="mw-list-item active"><a class="uls-trigger" href="#"><span>English</span></a></li><li id="pt-anonuserpage" class="mw-list-item"><span title="The user page for the IP address you are editing as">Not logged in</span></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyTalk" title="Discussion about edits from this IP address [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Talk</span></a></li><li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:CreateAccount&returnto=Commons%3ADerivative+works" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span>Create account</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UserLogin&returnto=Commons%3ADerivative+works" title="You are encouraged to log in; however, it is not mandatory [o]" accesskey="o"><span>Log in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav id="p-namespaces" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-namespaces vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-namespaces-label" > <h3 id="p-namespaces-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Namespaces</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-project" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works" title="View the project page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Project page</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons_talk:Derivative_works" rel="discussion" title="Discussion about the content page [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Discussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-variants" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-variants-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-variants" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-variants-label" > <label id="p-variants-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">English</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation"> <nav id="p-views" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-views vector-menu-tabs vector-menu-tabs-legacy vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-views-label" > <h3 id="p-views-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Views</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Derivative_works"><span>View</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=edit" title="Edit this page [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edit</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=history" title="Past revisions of this page [h]" accesskey="h"><span>History</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-cactions" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-menu-dropdown vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" title="More options" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-cactions-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-cactions" class="vector-menu-checkbox" aria-labelledby="p-cactions-label" > <label id="p-cactions-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">More</span> </label> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </nav> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box"> <h3 >Search</h3> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="vector-search-box-form"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="vector-search-box-inner" data-search-loc="header-navigation"> <input class="vector-search-box-input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Search Wikimedia Commons" aria-label="Search Wikimedia Commons" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Search Wikimedia Commons [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Special:MediaSearch"> <input id="mw-searchButton" class="searchButton mw-fallbackSearchButton" type="submit" name="fulltext" title="Search the pages for this text" value="Search"> <input id="searchButton" class="searchButton" type="submit" name="go" title="Go to a page with this exact name if it exists" value="Go"> </div> </form> </div> </div> </div> <div id="mw-panel" class="vector-legacy-sidebar"> <div id="p-logo" role="banner"> <a class="mw-wiki-logo" href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page"></a> </div> <nav id="p-navigation" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-navigation-label" > <h3 id="p-navigation-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Navigate</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Main_Page" title="Visit the main page [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Main page</span></a></li><li id="n-welcome" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Welcome"><span>Welcome</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Community_portal" title="About the project, what you can do, where to find things"><span>Community portal</span></a></li><li id="n-village-pump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Village_pump"><span>Village pump</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Help:Contents" title="The place to find out"><span>Help center</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-participate" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-participate vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-participate-label" > <h3 id="p-participate-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Participate</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-uploadbtn" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:UploadWizard"><span>Upload file</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChanges" title="A list of recent changes in the wiki [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Recent changes</span></a></li><li id="n-latestfiles" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:NewFiles"><span>Latest files</span></a></li><li id="n-randomimage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Random/File" title="Load a random file [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Random file</span></a></li><li id="n-contact" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Contact_us"><span>Contact us</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-tb" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-tb-label" > <h3 id="p-tb-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Tools</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:WhatLinksHere/Commons:Derivative_works" title="A list of all wiki pages that link here [j]" accesskey="j"><span>What links here</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:RecentChangesLinked/Commons:Derivative_works" rel="nofollow" title="Recent changes in pages linked from this page [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Related changes</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:SpecialPages" title="A list of all special pages [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Special pages</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&oldid=906559573" title="Permanent link to this revision of this page"><span>Permanent link</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&action=info" title="More information about this page"><span>Page information</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCommons%3ADerivative_works"><span>Get shortened URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcommons.wikimedia.org%2Fwiki%2FCommons%3ADerivative_works"><span>Download QR code</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-coll-print_export" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-coll-print_export-label" > <h3 id="p-coll-print_export-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">Print/export</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Book&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Commons%3ADerivative+works"><span>Create a book</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Commons%3ADerivative_works&action=show-download-screen"><span>Download as PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&printable=yes" title="Printable version of this page [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Printable version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" > <h3 id="p-wikibase-otherprojects-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In other projects</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikipedia mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative_work" hreflang="en"><span>Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q836950" title="Link to connected data repository item [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata item</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </nav> <nav id="p-lang" class="mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang vector-menu-portal portal vector-menu" aria-labelledby="p-lang-label" > <h3 id="p-lang-label" class="vector-menu-heading " > <span class="vector-menu-heading-label">In Wikipedia</span> </h3> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%B4%D8%AA%D9%82" title="عمل مشتق – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عمل مشتق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_derivada" title="Obra derivada – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Obra derivada" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%C4%83%D1%85%C4%83%D0%BC%D0%BB%D0%B0_%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B2" title="Тăхăмла хайлав – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Тăхăмла хайлав" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bearbeitung_(Urheberrecht)" title="Bearbeitung (Urheberrecht) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bearbeitung (Urheberrecht)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative_work" title="Derivative work – English" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Derivative work" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_derivada" title="Obra derivada – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Obra derivada" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tuletatud_teos" title="Tuletatud teos – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Tuletatud teos" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lan_eratorri" title="Lan eratorri – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lan eratorri" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%AB%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%82%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="اثر اقتباسی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اثر اقتباسی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%92uvre_d%C3%A9riv%C3%A9e" title="Œuvre dérivée – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Œuvre dérivée" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Obra_derivada" title="Obra derivada – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Obra derivada" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%A6%D7%99%D7%A8%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%92%D7%96%D7%A8%D7%AA" title="יצירה נגזרת – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="יצירה נגזרת" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sz%C3%A1rmaz%C3%A9kos_m%C5%B1" title="Származékos mű – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Származékos mű" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ciptaan_turunan" title="Ciptaan turunan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Ciptaan turunan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivita_laboruro" title="Derivita laboruro – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Derivita laboruro" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afleitt_verk" title="Afleitt verk – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Afleitt verk" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opera_derivata" title="Opera derivata – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Opera derivata" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E7%9A%84%E8%91%97%E4%BD%9C%E7%89%A9" title="二次的著作物 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="二次的著作物" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/2%EC%B0%A8%EC%A0%81%EC%A0%80%EC%9E%91%EB%AC%BC" title="2차적저작물 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="2차적저작물" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atvasin%C4%81ts_darbs" title="Atvasināts darbs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Atvasināts darbs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karya_derivatif" title="Karya derivatif – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Karya derivatif" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afgeleid_werk" title="Afgeleid werk – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Afgeleid werk" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivatverk" title="Derivatverk – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Derivatverk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Utw%C3%B3r_zale%C5%BCny" title="Utwór zależny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Utwór zależny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%BE%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5" title="Производное произведение – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Производное произведение" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Derivative_work" title="Derivative work – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Derivative work" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%BCremi%C5%9F_%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Fma" title="Türemiş çalışma – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Türemiş çalışma" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%85%D1%96%D0%B4%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D1%82%D0%B2%D1%96%D1%80" title="Похідний твір – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Похідний твір" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A1c_ph%E1%BA%A9m_ph%C3%A1i_sinh" title="Tác phẩm phái sinh – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tác phẩm phái sinh" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8D%E7%94%9F%E4%BD%9C%E5%93%81" title="衍生作品 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="衍生作品" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%89%B5%E4%BD%9C" title="二次創作 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="二次創作" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q836950#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 5 August 2024, at 00:27.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. All structured data from the file namespace is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/">Creative Commons CC0 License</a>; all unstructured text is available under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License</a>; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">Terms of Use</a> and the <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy Policy</a>.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Commons:Welcome">About Wikimedia Commons</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Commons:General_disclaimer">Disclaimers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Developers</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/commons.wikimedia.org">Statistics</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Cookie statement</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//commons.m.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Commons:Derivative_works&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Mobile view</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.log.warn("This page is using the deprecated ResourceLoader module \"codex-search-styles\".\n[1.43] Use a CodexModule with codexComponents to set your specific components used: https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Codex#Using_a_limited_subset_of_components");mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6df7948d6c-pvqpl","wgBackendResponseTime":98,"wgDiscussionToolsPageThreads":[{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-What_is_a_derivative_work?","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-If_I_take_a_picture_of_an_object_with_my_own_camera,_I_hold_the_copyright_to_the","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-If_I_take_a_photograph_of_a_kid_who_is_holding_a_stuffed_Winnie_the_Pooh_toy,_do","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Isn't_every_product_copyrighted_by_someone?_What_about_cars?_Or_kitchen_chairs?","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Text","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-I_know_that_I_can't_upload_photos_of_copyrighted_art_(like_paintings_and_statues","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-But_Wikimedia_Commons_isn't_commercial!_And_what_about_fair_use?","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-But_how_can_we_illustrate_topics_like_Star_Wars_or_Pokémon_without_pictures?","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-What_about_images_of_copyrighted_characters_in_public_domain_works?","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-I've_never_heard_about_this_before!_Is_this_some_kind_of_creative_interpretation","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Casebook","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Tagging_non-free_derivative_works","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-Derivatives_of_Free_works","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-See_also","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-References","replies":[]},{"headingLevel":2,"name":"h-","type":"heading","level":0,"id":"h-External_links","replies":[]}],"wgPageParseReport":{"discussiontools":{"limitreport-timeusage":"0.024"},"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.362","walltime":"0.518","ppvisitednodes":{"value":5530,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":83672,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":13856,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":15,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":22,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":19447,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 298.874 1 -total"," 16.85% 50.363 10 Template:WikiLink"," 15.13% 45.215 56 Template:Pg"," 11.50% 34.379 11 Template:LangSwitch"," 11.27% 33.672 1 Template:Copyright_navbox"," 10.14% 30.307 1 Template:Reflist"," 9.46% 28.283 1 Template:Shortcut"," 9.38% 28.044 2 Template:Comseealso"," 7.13% 21.301 2 Template:List"," 6.88% 20.560 1 Template:Wp-Derivative_work"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.061","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":2421392,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-api-int.codfw.main-868cbd546d-g497x","timestamp":"20241127112534","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> </body> </html>