CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="eo" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>Bet-Leĥem - Vikipedio</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )eowikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":[",\t."," \t,"],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""], "wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","januaro","februaro","marto","aprilo","majo","junio","julio","aŭgusto","septembro","oktobro","novembro","decembro"],"wgRequestId":"a3558f7c-b1c5-41cc-93f1-c4dfcaab8019","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Bet-Leĥem","wgTitle":"Bet-Leĥem","wgCurRevisionId":8770486,"wgRevisionId":8770486,"wgArticleId":20370,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Urbo kun ŝablono Geokesto","Artikoloj kun senfontaj asertoj","Artikoloj kun senfontaj asertoj ekde nekonata dato","Paĝoj kun mapoj","35° E","31° N","Bet-Leĥem"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"eo","wgPageContentLanguage":"eo","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Bet-Leĥem","wgRelevantArticleId":20370,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia", "wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":true,"wgFlaggedRevsParams":{"tags":{"accuracy":{"levels":1}}},"wgStableRevisionId":8770486,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"eo","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"eo"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":7000,"wgCoordinates":{"lat":31.70306,"lon":35.19556},"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q5776","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness","fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false, "wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false};RLSTATE={"ext.gadget.niceInfoboxes":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","ext.kartographer.style":"ready","ext.cite.styles":"ready","mediawiki.page.gallery.styles":"ready","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.flaggedRevs.basic":"ready","mediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["ext.kartographer.link","ext.kartographer.staticframe","ext.cite.ux-enhancements","mediawiki.page.gallery","mediawiki.page.media","site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP", "ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.flaggedRevs.advanced","ext.gadget.Rekta-ligilo-al-Komunejo","ext.gadget.DocTabs","ext.urlShortener.toolbar","ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=ext.cite.styles%7Cext.flaggedRevs.basic%7Cext.kartographer.style%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cmediawiki.codex.messagebox.styles%7Cmediawiki.page.gallery.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=ext.gadget.niceInfoboxes&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=eo&modules=site.styles&only=styles&skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bethlehem_collage.jpg/1200px-Bethlehem_collage.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="1200"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="1452"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bethlehem_collage.jpg/800px-Bethlehem_collage.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="800"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="968"> <meta property="og:image" content="https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bethlehem_collage.jpg/640px-Bethlehem_collage.jpg"> <meta property="og:image:width" content="640"> <meta property="og:image:height" content="775"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Bet-Leĥem - Vikipedio"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//eo.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bet-Le%C4%A5em"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Redakti" href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Vikipedio (eo)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//eo.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bet-Le%C4%A5em"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Vikipedio Atom-fonto" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Lastaj_%C5%9Dan%C4%9Doj&feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Bet-Leĥem rootpage-Bet-Leĥem skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Saltu al enhavo</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Retejo"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ĉefa menuo" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ĉefa menuo</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Ĉefa menuo</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigado </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-desciption" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:%C4%88efpa%C4%9Do"><span>Ĉefpaĝo</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portalo:Komunumo" title="Pri la projekto, kion vi povas fari, kie vi povas trovi ion"><span>Komunuma portalo</span></a></li><li id="n-villagepump" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Diskutejo"><span>Diskutejo</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Aktuala%C4%B5oj" title="Trovi fonajn informojn pri nunaj eventoj"><span>Aktualaĵoj</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Lastaj_%C5%9Dan%C4%9Doj" title="Listo de la lastaj ŝanĝoj en la vikio. [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Lastaj ŝanĝoj</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Novaj_pa%C4%9Doj"><span>Novaj paĝoj</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Hazarda_pa%C4%9Do" title="Iri al hazarda paĝo [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Hazarda paĝo</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enhavo" title="La loko por eltrovi"><span>Helpo</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:%C4%88efpa%C4%9Do" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Vikipedio" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-eo.svg" style="width: 6.875em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-eo.svg" width="109" height="13" style="width: 6.8125em; height: 0.8125em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Ser%C4%89i" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Serĉi tra Vikipedio [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>Serĉi</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Serĉi tra Vikipedio" aria-label="Serĉi tra Vikipedio" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Serĉi tra Vikipedio [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Specialaĵo:Serĉi"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Serĉi</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personaj iloj"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Aspekto" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Aspekto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eo.wikipedia.org&uselang=eo" class=""><span>Donaci</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Krei_konton&returnto=Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi kreu uzantokonton kaj ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas deviga" class=""><span>Krei konton</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas devige. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Ensaluti</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Pliaj agordoj" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personaj iloj" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personaj iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menuo de uzanto" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_eo.wikipedia.org&uselang=eo"><span>Donaci</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Krei_konton&returnto=Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi kreu uzantokonton kaj ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas deviga"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Krei konton</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Ensaluti&returnto=Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Ni rekomendas ke vi ensalutu, kvankam tio ne estas devige. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Ensaluti</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Paĝoj por elsalutitaj redaktistoj <a href="/wiki/Helpo:Enkonduko" aria-label="Lernu pli pri redaktado"><span>Lernu pli</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Miaj_kontribuoj" title="Listo de redaktoj faritaj el ĉi tiu IPa adreso [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Kontribuoj</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Mia_diskutpa%C4%9Do" title="Diskuto pri redaktoj sub tiu ĉi IP adreso [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Retejo"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Enhavo" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Enhavo</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Komenco</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Vidindaĵoj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidindaĵoj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Vidindaĵoj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidindaĵoj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Historio_kaj_religio" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Historio_kaj_religio"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Historio kaj religio</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Historio_kaj_religio-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bildaro" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bildaro"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bildaro</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bildaro-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referencoj" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referencoj"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Referencoj</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referencoj-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Vidu_ankaŭ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Vidu_ankaŭ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Vidu ankaŭ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Vidu_ankaŭ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Enhavo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Ŝaltu la enhavtabelon</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Bet-Leĥem</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Iru al artikolo en alia lingvo. Havebla en 135 lingvo" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-135" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">135 lingvoj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — afrikansa" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikansa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — svisgermana" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="svisgermana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%A4%E1%89%B0_%E1%88%8D%E1%88%94%E1%88%9D" title="ቤተ ልሔም — amhara" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቤተ ልሔም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="amhara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlem" title="Betlem — aragona" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Betlem" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="aragona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Be%C3%BE%C3%BEle%C3%A6m" title="Beþþleæm — Old English" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Beþþleæm" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="Old English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بيت لحم — araba" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بيت لحم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="araba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arc mw-list-item"><a href="https://arc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DC%92%DC%9D%DC%AC_%DC%A0%DC%9A%DC%A1" title="ܒܝܬ ܠܚܡ — Aramaic" lang="arc" hreflang="arc" data-title="ܒܝܬ ܠܚܡ" data-language-autonym="ܐܪܡܝܐ" data-language-local-name="Aramaic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ܐܪܡܝܐ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%AA_%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بيت لحم — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="بيت لحم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A9n" title="Belén — asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Belén" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beytl%C9%99hm" title="Beytləhm — azerbajĝana" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Beytləhm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbajĝana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Віфлеем — belorusa" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Віфлеем" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="belorusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Бэтлеем — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Бэтлеем" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Витлеем — bulgara" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Витлеем" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baitul_Lahmi" title="Baitul Lahmi — Banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Baitul Lahmi" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="Banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%A5%E0%A6%B2%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B9%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE" title="বেথলেহেম — bengala" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="বেথলেহেম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem_(Palestina)" title="Bethlehem (Palestina) — bretona" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Bethlehem (Palestina)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlem" title="Betlem — kataluna" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Betlem" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataluna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1ik-l%C3%A9-h%C3%A8ng" title="Báik-lé-hèng — Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Báik-lé-hèng" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem_(lungsod_sa_Kayutaang_Palestinhon)" title="Bethlehem (lungsod sa Kayutaang Palestinhon) — cebua" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Bethlehem (lungsod sa Kayutaang Palestinhon)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%95%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%84%DB%95%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بەیت لەحم — sorana" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="بەیت لەحم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="sorana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlemme" title="Betlemme — korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Betlemme" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betl%C3%A9m" title="Betlém — ĉeĥa" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Betlém" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ĉeĥa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Вифлеем — ĉuvaŝa" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Вифлеем" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ĉuvaŝa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — kimra" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="kimra" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — dana" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — germana" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="germana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beytullahim" title="Beytullahim — Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Beytullahim" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — malsuprasoraba" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="malsuprasoraba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%B7%CE%B8%CE%BB%CE%B5%CE%AD%CE%BC" title="Βηθλεέμ — greka" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βηθλεέμ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="greka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="leginda artikolo"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — angla" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A9n" title="Belén — hispana" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Belén" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hispana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petlemm" title="Petlemm — estona" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Petlemm" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betleem" title="Betleem — eŭska" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Betleem" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="eŭska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بیت‌لحم — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بیت‌لحم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — finna" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finna" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — feroa" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="feroa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethl%C3%A9em" title="Bethléem — franca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bethléem" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — nord-frisa" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="nord-frisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehim" title="Betlehim — okcident-frisa" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Betlehim" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="okcident-frisa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beithil" title="Beithil — irlanda" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Beithil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A9n" title="Belén — galega" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Belén" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vel%E1%BA%BD" title="Velẽ — gvarania" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Velẽ" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="gvarania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B1%F0%90%8C%B4%F0%90%8C%B8%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%B7%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BC" title="𐌱𐌴𐌸𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼 — Gothic" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌱𐌴𐌸𐌻𐌰𐌹𐌷𐌰𐌹𐌼" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="Gothic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9D" title="בית לחם — hebrea" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="בית לחם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE" title="बेथलहम — hinda" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="बेथलहम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hinda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — kroata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — suprasoraba" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="suprasoraba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8tley%C3%A8m" title="Bètleyèm — haitia kreola" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Bètleyèm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="haitia kreola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — hungara" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="hungara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%B2%D5%A5%D5%B0%D5%A5%D5%B4" title="Բեթղեհեմ — armena" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Բեթղեհեմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="armena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B2%D5%A5%D5%A9%D5%B2%D5%A5%D5%B0%D5%A7%D5%B4" title="Բեթղեհէմ — Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Բեթղեհէմ" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — Interlingvao" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingvao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — indonezia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlem" title="Bethlem — Interlingveo" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Bethlem" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingveo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — islanda" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="islanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlemme" title="Betlemme — itala" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Betlemme" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="itala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%99%E3%83%84%E3%83%AC%E3%83%98%E3%83%A0" title="ベツレヘム — japana" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ベツレヘム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="elstara artikolo"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A8tl%C3%A9hem" title="Bètléhem — java" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Bètléhem" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="java" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%91%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%97-%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%B0%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="ბეით-ლაჰმი — kartvela" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ბეით-ლაჰმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="kartvela" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ba%CC%B1italami" title="Ba̱italami — Tyap" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Ba̱italami" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="Tyap" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AC%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%A5%E0%B3%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B2%B2%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%B9%E0%B3%86%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಬೆಥ್‌ಲೆಹೆಮ್ — kanara" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಬೆಥ್‌ಲೆಹೆಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="kanara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B2%A0%EB%93%A4%EB%A0%88%ED%97%B4" title="베들레헴 — korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="베들레헴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Вифлеем — karaĉaj-balkara" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Вифлеем" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="karaĉaj-balkara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — kurda" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="kurda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethleem" title="Bethleem — latino" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bethleem" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — luksemburga" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luksemburga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlem" title="Betlem — Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Betlem" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C9%9Bt%C9%9Bl%C9%9Bm%C9%9B" title="Bɛtɛlɛmɛ — lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Bɛtɛlɛmɛ" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betliejus" title="Betliejus — litova" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Betliejus" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C4%93tleme" title="Bētleme — latva" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Bētleme" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="latva" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE" title="बेथलेहम — majtila" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="बेथलेहम" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="majtila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Бетлеем — mokŝa" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Бетлеем" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="mokŝa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehema" title="Betlehema — malagasa" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Betlehema" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagasa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peterehema" title="Peterehema — maoria" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Peterehema" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="maoria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Витлеем — makedona" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Витлеем" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%B9%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%82" title="ബെത്‌ലഹേം — malajalama" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ബെത്‌ലഹേം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Бетлехем — mongola" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Бетлехем" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="mongola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE" title="बेथलेहेम — marata" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="बेथलेहेम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — malaja" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlem" title="Betlem — malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Betlem" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%97%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9C%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="ဗက်လင်မြို့ — birma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဗက်လင်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="birma" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — platgermana" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="platgermana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlum" title="Betlum — Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Betlum" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A5%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%AE" title="बेथलेहम — nepala" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="बेथलेहम" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — nederlanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederlanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — novnorvega" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="novnorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — dannorvega" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="dannorvega" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betel%C3%A8m" title="Betelèm — okcitana" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Betelèm" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="okcitana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Вифлеем — oseta" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Вифлеем" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="oseta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%A5%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%AE" title="ਬੇਥਲਹਮ — panĝaba" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਬੇਥਲਹਮ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="panĝaba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A9tl%C3%A9%C3%A8m" title="Bétléèm — Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Bétléèm" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlejem" title="Betlejem — pola" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Betlejem" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بیت لحم — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بیت لحم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بیت لحم — paŝtua" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="بیت لحم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="paŝtua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bel%C3%A9m_(Palestina)" title="Belém (Palestina) — portugala" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Belém (Palestina)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilin" title="Wilin — keĉua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wilin" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="keĉua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betleem" title="Betleem — rumana" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Betleem" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Вифлеем — rusa" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Вифлеем" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rusa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D1%8D%D1%82%D0%BB%D1%8D%D2%BB%D1%8D%D0%BC" title="Бэтлэһэм — jakuta" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Бэтлэһэм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="jakuta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlemme" title="Betlemme — sarda" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Betlemme" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="sarda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlemmi" title="Betlemmi — sicilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Betlemmi" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="sicilia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — skota" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skota" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — serbo-Kroata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbo-Kroata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem_(s%C3%ADdlo)" title="Betlehem (sídlo) — slovaka" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Betlehem (sídlo)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovaka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — slovena" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovena" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-smn mw-list-item"><a href="https://smn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — anar-samea" lang="smn" hreflang="smn" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Anarâškielâ" data-language-local-name="anar-samea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Anarâškielâ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baytulaxam" title="Baytulaxam — somala" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Baytulaxam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="somala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehemi" title="Betlehemi — albana" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Betlehemi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albana" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%82%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%BC" title="Витлејем — serba" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Витлејем" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — sveda" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sveda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehemu" title="Bethlehemu — svahila" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bethlehemu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="svahila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlejym" title="Betlejym — silezi-pola" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Betlejym" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="silezi-pola" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பெத்லகேம் — tamila" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பெத்லகேம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tamila" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%98%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%AE%E0%B8%A1" title="เบธเลเฮม — taja" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="เบธเลเฮม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="taja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belen" title="Belen — tagaloga" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Belen" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="tagaloga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betlehem" title="Betlehem — Tokpisino" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Betlehem" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="Tokpisino" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beyt%C3%BCllahim" title="Beytüllahim — turka" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Beytüllahim" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%90%D8%AA%D9%84%DB%90%D8%AE%DB%90%D9%85" title="بېتلېخېم — ujgura" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="بېتلېخېم" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="ujgura" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%84%D0%BB%D0%B5%D1%94%D0%BC" title="Вифлеєм — ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вифлеєм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DB%8C%D8%AA_%D9%84%D8%AD%D9%85" title="بیت لحم — urduo" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بیت لحم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urduo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baytullahm" title="Baytullahm — uzbeka" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Baytullahm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="uzbeka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betleme" title="Betleme — Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Betleme" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viflejem" title="Viflejem — Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Viflejem" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — vjetnama" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vjetnama" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betleyem" title="Betleyem — valona" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Betleyem" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="valona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Belen" title="Belen — varaja" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Belen" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="varaja" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betleyem" title="Betleyem — volofa" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Betleyem" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="volofa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%86%B7" title="白冷 — vua" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="白冷" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="vua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%91%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%9C%D7%97%D7%9D" title="בית לחם — jida" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="בית לחם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="jida" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" title="Bethlehem — Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Bethlehem" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E6%81%86" title="伯利恆 — ĉina" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="伯利恆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ĉina" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pek-l%C4%AB-h%C3%AAng" title="Pek-lī-hêng — Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pek-lī-hêng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%86%B7%E5%9F%8E" title="白冷城 — kantona" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="白冷城" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5776#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redakti interlingvajn ligilojn" class="wbc-editpage">Redakti ligilojn</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Nomspacoj"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Vidi la artikolon [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikolo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Diskuto:Bet-Le%C4%A5em" rel="discussion" title="Diskuto pri la artikolo [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskuto</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ŝanĝi lingvan varianton" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Esperanto</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Vidoj"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bet-Le%C4%A5em"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=history" title="Antaŭaj versioj de ĉi tiu paĝo. [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Iloj" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Iloj</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Iloj</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Pliaj opcioj" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Agoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bet-Le%C4%A5em"><span>Legi</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit" title="Redakti ĉi tiun paĝon [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redakti</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit" title="Redakti fontan kodon de tiu ĉi paĝo [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redakti fonton</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=history"><span>Vidi historion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ĝenerale </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kio_ligas_%C4%89i_tien%3F/Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Listo de ĉiuj vikiaj paĝoj kiuj ligas ĉi tien [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Ligiloj ĉi tien</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Rilataj_%C5%9Dan%C4%9Doj/Bet-Le%C4%A5em" rel="nofollow" title="Lastaj ŝanĝoj en paĝoj kiuj ligas al ĉi tiu paĝo [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Rilataj ŝanĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard?uselang=eo" title="Alŝuti dosierojn [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Alŝuti dosieron</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Specialaj_pa%C4%9Doj" title="Listo de ĉiuj specialaj paĝoj [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialaj paĝoj</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&oldid=8770486" title="Porĉiama ligilo al ĉi versio de la paĝo"><span>Konstanta ligilo</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=info" title="Pli da informo pri ĉi tiu paĝo"><span>Informoj pri la paĝo</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Citi&page=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&id=8770486&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informoj pri kiel citi ĉi tiun paĝon"><span>Citi ĉi tiun artikolon</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBet-Le%25C4%25A5em"><span>Akiri mallongigitan URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Feo.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FBet-Le%25C4%25A5em"><span>Elŝutu QR-kodon</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Presi/elporti </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:Libro&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Bet-Le%C4%A5em"><span>Krei libron</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Speciala%C4%B5o:DownloadAsPdf&page=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=show-download-screen"><span>Elŝuti kiel PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&printable=yes" title="Presebla versio de tiu ĉi paĝo [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Presebla versio</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> En aliaj projektoj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Bethlehem" hreflang="en"><span>Vikimedia Komunejo</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q5776" title="Ligilo al konektita datuma ero [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Ero en Vikidatumoj</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Paĝaj iloj"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Aspekto"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Aspekto</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">movigi al flanka panelo</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">kaŝi</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">El Vikipedio, la libera enciklopedio</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="eo" dir="ltr"><div><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geografia_koordinata_sistemo" class="mw-redirect" title="Geografia koordinata sistemo">Koordinatoj</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&language=eo&params=31_42_11_N_35_11_44_E_formato=dms"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 31° 42′ 11″ N 35° 11′ 44″ O"><span class="latitude">31° 42′ 11″ N</span> <span class="longitude">35° 11′ 44″ O</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 31.70306 35.19556">31.70306 °N, 35.19556 °O</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.70306; 35.19556</span></span></span></a></span> <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/15/31.70306/35.19556/eo" data-zoom="15" data-lat="31.70306" data-lon="35.19556" data-overlays="["_60136033cc2375072a3e7af0b0a86ed41a15493d"]">(mapo)</a></span></span></div> <table class="infobox geography" style="width: 23em; padding: 0; font-size: 89%; -moz-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; -webkit-box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC; box-shadow: 4px 4px 4px #CCC;"> <tbody><tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Devena, eksa nomo"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; font-size: 1.25em; background-color: #ddffdd;" class="kaplinio mapo">Bet-Leĥemo </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Aliaj nomoj"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; background-color: #ddffdd;"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Hebrea_lingvo" title="Hebrea lingvo">hebree</a> <span class="lang-he" lang="he">בית לחם</span></span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><i>Bet leĥem</i>,</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Araba_lingvo" title="Araba lingvo">arabe</a> <span class="lang-ar" lang="ar">بيت لحم</span></span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><i>Bet Lahm</i></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedbottomrow" title="Kategorio"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: #ddffdd;">urbo </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; padding: 0.5em;"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Bethlehem_collage.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bethlehem_collage.jpg/300px-Bethlehem_collage.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="363" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bethlehem_collage.jpg/450px-Bethlehem_collage.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/39/Bethlehem_collage.jpg/600px-Bethlehem_collage.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3789" data-file-height="4586" /></a></span></div><div style="padding-top:0.4em"> <small></small> </div> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Oficiala nomo"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Oficiala nomo: </b>בית לחם </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Lando, en kiuj la objekto situas"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Lando </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Cisjordanio"><img alt="Cisjordanio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/20px-Flag_of_None.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/30px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Flag_of_None.svg/40px-Flag_of_None.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="150" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Cisjordanio" title="Cisjordanio">Cisjordanio</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Ŝtato, en kiuj la objekto situas"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Ŝtato </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Flago-de-Palestino.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/thumb/8/86/Flago-de-Palestino.svg/25px-Flago-de-Palestino.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/thumb/8/86/Flago-de-Palestino.svg/38px-Flago-de-Palestino.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/eo/thumb/8/86/Flago-de-Palestino.svg/50px-Flago-de-Palestino.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Palestina_A%C5%ADtonomio" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestina Aŭtonomio">Palestina Aŭtonomio</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Historiaj regionoj, en kiuj la objekto situas"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Historiaj regionoj </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Izraela_re%C4%9Dlando" title="Izraela reĝlando">Izraela reĝlando</a>,</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Jerusalema_re%C4%9Dlando" title="Jerusalema reĝlando">Jerusalema reĝlando</a>,</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Brita_mandato_Palestino" class="mw-redirect" title="Brita mandato Palestino">Brita mandato Palestino</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Montaro(j), en kiu la objekto situas"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Montaro </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Judea_montaro" title="Judea montaro">Judea montaro</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Konataj lokoj, kiuj situas en regiono"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Memorindaĵoj </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">Templo de Naskiĝo de Sinjoro,</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap">Tombo de Rachel,</span> <span style="white-space: nowrap">Moskeo de Omar</span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Situo/Mezo"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Situo </th> <td>Bet-Leĥem </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Supermara alteco"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - alteco </td> <td>765 <a href="/wiki/Metroj_super_maro" class="mw-redirect" title="Metroj super maro">m s. m.</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Geografiaj koordinatoj"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - koordinatoj </td> <td><span><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="http://tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?pagename=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&language=eo&params=31_42_11_N_35_11_44_E_formato=gms"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 31° 42′ 11″ N 35° 11′ 44″ O"><span class="latitude">31° 42′ 11″ N</span> <span class="longitude">35° 11′ 44″ O</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Mapoj, elĉielaj bildoj kaj aliaj datumoj por 31.70306 35.19556">31.70306 °N, 35.19556 °O</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">31.70306; 35.19556</span></span></span></a></span> <a class="mw-kartographer-maplink" data-mw-kartographer="maplink" data-style="osm-intl" href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Map/15/31.70306/35.19556/eo" data-zoom="15" data-lat="31.70306" data-lon="35.19556" data-overlays="["_60136033cc2375072a3e7af0b0a86ed41a15493d"]">(mapo)</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="areo"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Areo </th> <td>29,8 <a href="/wiki/Kvadrata_kilometro" title="Kvadrata kilometro">km²</a> (2 980 <a href="/wiki/Hektaro" title="Hektaro">ha</a>) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Nombro de loĝantoj"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Loĝantaro </th> <td>25 266 <small>(<i>2007</i>)</small> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Denseco de loĝantaro"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Denseco </th> <td><span style="white-space:nowrap">847,85 loĝ./<a href="/wiki/Kvadrata_kilometro" title="Kvadrata kilometro">km²</a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Orogena epoko"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Dezerto </th> <td><span style="white-space: nowrap">Juda dezerto</span> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Dato de estiĝo"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Unua skribmencio </th> <td>1400 a.K. <i><a href="/wiki/Amarna-leteroj" title="Amarna-leteroj">Amarna-leteroj</a></i> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Urbestro"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Urbestro </th> <td>Victor Batarse </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedtoprow" title="Baza horzono"> <th style="white-space: nowrap;">Horzono </th> <td><a href="/wiki/Israela_standarda_tempo" class="mw-redirect" title="Israela standarda tempo">IST</a> (UTC+2) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Somera tempo"> <td style="white-space: nowrap;"> - somera tempo </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Israela_somera_tempo" class="mw-redirect" title="Israela somera tempo">ISST</a> (UTC+3) </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 256px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Israel_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Situo enkadre de Israelo"><img alt="Situo enkadre de Israelo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Israel_relief_location_map.jpg/256px-Israel_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="476" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Israel_relief_location_map.jpg/384px-Israel_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Israel_relief_location_map.jpg/512px-Israel_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="614" data-file-height="1141" /></a><figcaption> <small>Situo enkadre de Israelo</small> </figcaption></figure></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; left:57.523076923078%; top:42.783333333334%; padding:0;"><div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -4px; top: -4px; width: 7px; font-size: 7px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:ButtonRed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/7px-ButtonRed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/11px-ButtonRed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/14px-ButtonRed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div> </div> <div style="padding-top: 0.4em; text-align: center;"> <small>Situo enkadre de Israelo</small> </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr><td colspan="2"> <div style="width: 256px; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"> <div style="position: relative;"> <div style="position: relative;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Situo enkadre de Azio"><img alt="Situo enkadre de Azio" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/256px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="256" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/384px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg/512px-Asia_laea_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1050" /></a><figcaption> Situo enkadre de Azio </figcaption></figure></div> <div style="position:absolute; z-index:2; left:7.5311113464801%; top:39.970470489708%; padding:0;"><div style="position: relative; text-align: center; left: -4px; top: -4px; width: 7px; font-size: 7px;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:ButtonRed.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/7px-ButtonRed.svg.png" decoding="async" width="7" height="7" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/11px-ButtonRed.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/ButtonRed.svg/14px-ButtonRed.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="480" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div></div> </div> <div style="padding-top: 0.4em; text-align: center;"> Situo enkadre de Azio </div> </div> </td></tr> <tr title="Vikimedia Komunejo proponas multimedian enhavon al temo Bet-Leĥemo"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> Vikimedia Komunejo: </b> <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Bethlehem" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Bethlehem">Bethlehem</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" title="Oficiala retpaĝo"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;"><b>Retpaĝo: </b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bethlehem-city.org/">www.bethlehem-city.org</a> </td></tr> <tr class="mergedrow" style="height: 0.2em;"> <td colspan="2"> </td></tr> <tr title="Notoj"> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center;">Naskiĝinto : <a href="/wiki/Jesuo_Kristo" title="Jesuo Kristo">Jesuo Kristo</a> <a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 260px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="260" data-height="200" data-zoom="10" data-overlays="["_d81ec20ced7296f599dca9c4813226b500583726"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,260x200.png?lang=eo&domain=eo.wikipedia.org&title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&revid=8770486&groups=_d81ec20ced7296f599dca9c4813226b500583726" width="260" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,10,a,a,260x200@2x.png?lang=eo&domain=eo.wikipedia.org&title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&revid=8770486&groups=_d81ec20ced7296f599dca9c4813226b500583726 2x" alt="Map" /></a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg/220px-4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg/330px-4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg/440px-4776-20080121-0852UTC--bethlehem-manger-square.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1794" data-file-height="1340" /></a><figcaption>Centro de Bet-Leĥem</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Bet-Leĥem</b> - en plena Esperanto <b>Bet-Leĥemo</b><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> aŭ <b>Betleĥemo</b> - estas urbo situa en <a href="/wiki/Cisjordanio" title="Cisjordanio">Cisjordanio</a> ĉirkaŭ 10 km sude de <a href="/wiki/Jerusalemo" title="Jerusalemo">Jerusalemo</a>. La nomo signifas "domo de <a href="/wiki/Pano" title="Pano">pano</a>". </p><p>Laŭ la stato de 2019 en la urbo vivis <span style="white-space:nowrap">36 000 loĝantoj</span> sur areo de <span style="white-space:nowrap">30</span> kvadrataj kilometroj, kio rezultigas loĝdenson de <span style="white-space:nowrap">1 200</span> loĝantoj/km². </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidindaĵoj"><span id="Vidinda.C4.B5oj"></span>Vidindaĵoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidindaĵoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit&section=1" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidindaĵoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baziliko_de_la_Naski%C4%9Do" title="Baziliko de la Naskiĝo">Baziliko de la Naskiĝo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Historio_kaj_religio">Historio kaj religio</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redakti sekcion: Historio kaj religio" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit&section=2" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Historio kaj religio"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>La antikva juda urbeto Bet-Leĥemo estis la loko, kie laŭ du <a href="/wiki/Evangeliisto" class="mw-disambig" title="Evangeliisto">evangeliistoj</a> (<a href="/wiki/Sankta_Luko" class="mw-redirect" title="Sankta Luko">Sankta Luko</a> kaj <a href="/wiki/Sankta_Mateo" class="mw-redirect" title="Sankta Mateo">Sankta Mateo</a>) naskiĝis <a href="/wiki/Jesuo" class="mw-redirect" title="Jesuo">Jesuo</a>. </p><p>Laŭ la kristana tradicio, la naskiĝo okazis en groto, kie la bebon varmigis per sia spiro azeno kaj bovo.<span title="La materialo najbara al ĉi tiu etikedo bezonas referencojn al fidindaj fontoj. Bonvolu ŝanĝi la tekston kaj aldoni almenaŭ unu fidindan fonton." style="background:#ffeaea; color:#444444"></span><sup class="noprint" title="La materialo najbara al ĉi tiu etikedo bezonas referencojn al fidindaj fontoj. Bonvolu ŝanĝi la tekston kaj aldoni almenaŭ unu fidindan fonton." style="color:red;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Citi_fontojn" title="Vikipedio:Citi fontojn">mankas fonto</a></i>]</sup> Venis paŝtistoj kaj omaĝis al la infaneto, sentante, ke naskiĝis eksterordinara persono. Venis ankaŭ <a href="/wiki/Tri_re%C4%9Doj" title="Tri reĝoj">tri saĝuloj</a> el la oriento por adorkliniĝi antaŭ la novnaskito. La vojon al ili montris la <a href="/wiki/Betle%C4%A5ema_stelo" class="mw-redirect" title="Betleĥema stelo">Betleĥema stelo</a>. </p><p>Popole la urbo estas nomata <a href="/wiki/Betlehemo" class="mw-disambig" title="Betlehemo">Betlehemo</a> kaj same en kelkaj lingvoj estas nomataj scenejetoj, kiujn oni starigas en preĝejoj dum Kristnasko aŭ el vivaj personoj aŭ el figuretoj. En Esperanto ili nomiĝas "kripoj", laŭ la <a href="/wiki/Kripo" title="Kripo">kripo</a>, en kiu kuŝis la bebo. Ekzistas ankaŭ hejmaj kripoj el ligno aŭ papero. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bildaro">Bildaro</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Redakti sekcion: Bildaro" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit&section=3" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Bildaro"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 135.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 133.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:BethlehemInsideCN.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/BethlehemInsideCN.jpg/200px-BethlehemInsideCN.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/BethlehemInsideCN.jpg/300px-BethlehemInsideCN.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/BethlehemInsideCN.jpg/400px-BethlehemInsideCN.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 135.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 133.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:BethlehemRoad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/BethlehemRoad.jpg/200px-BethlehemRoad.jpg" decoding="async" width="134" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/BethlehemRoad.jpg/300px-BethlehemRoad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/BethlehemRoad.jpg/400px-BethlehemRoad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 159.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 157.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:Karl_Oenike,_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_(1894).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Karl_Oenike%2C_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_%281894%29.jpg/236px-Karl_Oenike%2C_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_%281894%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="158" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Karl_Oenike%2C_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_%281894%29.jpg/354px-Karl_Oenike%2C_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_%281894%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Karl_Oenike%2C_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_%281894%29.jpg/472px-Karl_Oenike%2C_Einzug_der_Pilger_in_Bethlehem_%281894%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7427" data-file-height="4721" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 126px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 124px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Dosiero:BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg/186px-BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="124" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg/278px-BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg/371px-BethlehemOmarMosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="927" data-file-height="750" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"></div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referencoj">Referencoj</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Redakti sekcion: Referencoj" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit&section=4" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Referencoj"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist references-small" style="padding-right: 6px;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://vortaro.net/#Bet-Le%C4%A5emo_kd">artikolo "Bet-Leĥemo</a> en <a href="/wiki/PIV" class="mw-redirect" title="PIV">PIV</a></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vidu_ankaŭ"><span id="Vidu_anka.C5.AD"></span>Vidu ankaŭ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Redakti sekcion: Vidu ankaŭ" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redakti</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&action=edit&section=5" title="Redakti la fontkodo de la sekcio: Vidu ankaŭ"><span>redakti fonton</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bethlehem_(Pensilvanio)" title="Bethlehem (Pensilvanio)">Bethlehem (Pensilvanio)</a></li></ul> <div class="noprint" style="clear:both; margin-top:0px; border: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); padding: 0px; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa); color:inherit"> <table> <tbody><tr> <td class="navbox-group"><a href="/wiki/Norma_datumaro" title="Norma datumaro">Bibliotekoj</a> </td> <td class="plainlinks hlist" style="font-size: 80%;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Helpo:Bibliotekoj" title="Helpo:Bibliotekoj">PeEnEo</a>: <a class="external text" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/?curid=20370">20370</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Komuna_Norma_Datumaro" title="Komuna Norma Datumaro">GND</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4006104-8">4006104-8</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Kontrolnumero_de_la_Kongresa_Biblioteko_de_Usono" title="Kontrolnumero de la Kongresa Biblioteko de Usono">LCCN</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n82056740">n82056740</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/VIAF" title="VIAF">VIAF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/129025607">129025607</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_universitaire_de_documentation" title="Système universitaire de documentation">SUDOC</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/027482367">027482367</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Francio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Francio">BNF</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13162840x">13162840x</a></span></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/Nacia_Biblioteko_de_Hispanio" title="Nacia Biblioteko de Hispanio">BNE</a>: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://datos.bne.es/resource/XX453223">XX453223</a></span></li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Elŝutita el "<a dir="ltr" href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bet-Leĥem&oldid=8770486">https://eo.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bet-Leĥem&oldid=8770486</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Speciala%C4%B5o:Kategorioj" title="Specialaĵo:Kategorioj">Kategorioj</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:35%C2%B0_E" title="Kategorio:35° E">35° E</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:31%C2%B0_N" title="Kategorio:31° N">31° N</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Bet-Le%C4%A5em" title="Kategorio:Bet-Leĥem">Bet-Leĥem</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kaŝitaj kategorioj: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Urbo_kun_%C5%9Dablono_Geokesto" title="Kategorio:Urbo kun ŝablono Geokesto">Urbo kun ŝablono Geokesto</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Artikoloj_kun_senfontaj_asertoj" title="Kategorio:Artikoloj kun senfontaj asertoj">Artikoloj kun senfontaj asertoj</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Artikoloj_kun_senfontaj_asertoj_ekde_nekonata_dato" title="Kategorio:Artikoloj kun senfontaj asertoj ekde nekonata dato">Artikoloj kun senfontaj asertoj ekde nekonata dato</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategorio:Pa%C4%9Doj_kun_mapoj" title="Kategorio:Paĝoj kun mapoj">Paĝoj kun mapoj</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Ĉi tiu paĝo estis lastafoje redaktita je 19:03, 9 jun. 2024.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">La teksto disponeblas laŭ la permesilo <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.eo">Krea Komunaĵo Atribuite-Samkondiĉe 4.0 Neadaptita</a>; eble aldonaj kondiĉoj aplikeblas. Vidu la <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use">uzkondiĉojn</a> por detaloj.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Regularo pri respekto de la privateco</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Enkonduko">Pri Vikipedio</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/Vikipedio:Malgarantio">Malgarantioj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">Code of Conduct</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">Programistoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/eo.wikipedia.org">Statistikoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">Deklaro pri kuketoj</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//eo.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bet-Le%C4%A5em&mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">Poŝtelefona vido</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.canary-84779d6bf6-mcz5d","wgBackendResponseTime":306,"wgKartographerLiveData":{"_d81ec20ced7296f599dca9c4813226b500583726":[{"type":"ExternalData","service":"geoshape","url":"https://maps.wikimedia.org/geoshape?getgeojson=1\u0026ids=Q5776","properties":{"stroke-width":2,"stroke":"#000000","title":"Bet-Leĥem"}}]},"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.334","walltime":"0.773","ppvisitednodes":{"value":6714,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":61261,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":10794,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":23,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":10,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":5011,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":1,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 440.694 1 -total"," 81.68% 359.979 1 Ŝablono:Geokesto"," 31.86% 140.402 2 Ŝablono:Koord"," 28.12% 123.930 1 Ŝablono:Geokesto2_koor_titolo"," 22.14% 97.561 2 Ŝablono:Koordinato/+"," 12.99% 57.244 2 Ŝablono:CoordinateMAIN"," 7.81% 34.440 2 Ŝablono:CoordinateLINK"," 6.58% 29.014 1 Ŝablono:Bibliotekoj"," 6.14% 27.064 1 Ŝablono:Geokesto2_listo_flago"," 5.37% 23.680 1 Ŝablono:Geokesto2_koor"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.136","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":3384493,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.canary-9685fcff6-vhkrx","timestamp":"20241030013326","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"Bet-Le\u0125em","url":"https:\/\/eo.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bet-Le%C4%A5em","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5776","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q5776","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Contributors to Wikimedia projects"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2004-05-22T12:22:17Z","image":"https:\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/3\/39\/Bethlehem_collage.jpg","headline":"urbo en Palestino"}</script> </body> </html>